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Brondani M, Donnelly L, Christidis N, Grazziotin-Soares R, Ardenghi D, Siqueira AB. Perceptions about Aging and Ageism from 14 Cross-sectional Cohorts of Undergraduate Dental Students. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:114-122. [PMID: 37272546 DOI: 10.1177/23800844231175647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although positive and negative views of aging and older adults exist, how undergraduate dental students imagine their lives to be as they grow older remains to be fully explored. This study aimed at determining the self-perceived views of being 65, 75, or 85 y of age, as expressed by undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada. METHODS A 14-y cross-sectional study design was utilized involving third-year undergraduate dental students at UBC's Faculty of Dentistry. Brief individual essays (150 words) encompassing students' self-perceived views were gathered as part of a dental geriatric course from 2009 to 2022; however, essays were not mandatory. Saldaña's inductive coding and thematic analysis of textual data were used. Themes and categories of information were identified and matched with their excerpts while aiming for data saturation. RESULTS Over the 14-y period, 657 students were enrolled in UBC's undergraduate dental geriatric course, and 561 essays were collected. Inductive coding and thematic analysis identified 5 main themes and 11 categories. While themes included "oral health, general health, and the mind" and "me, myself, and familial relationships," the categories focused on "(un)able bodies" and "general health." Positive views about the aging process were shared, while less optimistic ideas-and even ageism-were apparent when students saw themselves as not employable or living in isolation. Positive and negative views were not bound by the students' academic year but might have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION Although the number of older adults already surpasses the number of children in many countries, ageism appears to have permeated through students' views of 3 older ages. More positive yet realistic views of growing older were also shared. Follow-up studies are needed to explore the impact of dental education on decreasing ageism. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT As the proportion of older adults in the global population steadily grows, it is important to educate heath care providers about normal and pathologic aging to avoid ageism-stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination against older adults. This cross-sectional study involved 14 cohorts of undergraduate dental students exploring their self-perceived views of growing older. Although positive and negative views of aging were shared, dental education must focus on decreasing ageism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brondani
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - L Donnelly
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - N Christidis
- Universitetstandvården, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - D Ardenghi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Charoosaee A, Dehghannejad M, Fakheran O, Marchini L. Translation and validation of the ageism scale for dental students in Iran (ASDS-Persian). SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:550-555. [PMID: 37269531 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A longer life and the growing population of older adults are the achievements of the 20th century. The World Health Organization considers ageism an important barrier to age-appropriate care for older adults. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the ageism scale for dental students in Iran (ASDS-Persian). METHODS The 27-question ASDS was translated from English into Persian (Farsi) and completed by 275 dental students from two universities in Isfahan, Iran. Principal component analysis (PCA), internal consistency reliability, and discriminant validity were estimated. Furthermore, in this study we conducted an analytical cross sectional study among dental students of Isfahan province (two universities) with the aim of proving data regarding their ageism beliefs and attitudes. RESULTS PCA revealed an 18-question, four-component scale with acceptable validity and reliability. The four components are 'barriers/concerns on dental treatment in older adults', 'opinions about older adults', 'practitioner's perspective,' and 'older adults' perspective'. CONCLUSION This preliminary validation of ASDS-Persian produced a new 18-question scale with four components with acceptable validity and reliability. This instrument could be further tested in larger samples in Farsi speaking countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Charoosaee
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mandana Dehghannejad
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Fakheran
- Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Izumi M, Fujii W, Akifusa S. Correlation between attitude towards dental care for older adults and ageism in dental students and clinical trainees: Cross-sectional study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:20-27. [PMID: 37118948 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the needs for dental care among older adults in Japan are expected to increase in the future, this study aimed to examine the influence of ageism among dental students and clinical trainees on the attitude towards the older adults in dental care. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2022, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 9th-, 11th-semester dental students and first-year clinical trainees enrolled at Kyushu Dental University, using the Japanese version of Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS-J), Japanese version of Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA-J). Questions on intention to provide dental care to the older adults, relationships with the older adults and living with the older adults were also surveyed. RESULTS There were 162 participants (84 males and 78 females), and the response rate was 71.7%. The participants were divided into the positive group for dental care to older adults (68 respondents) and the negative group (94 respondents). The ASDS-J score of the negative group was significantly higher than that of the positive group [49 (36-66) vs. 52 (34-88), p < .001]. The binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio of being negative attitude was 1.1 per one point of ASDS-J (95% confidence interval: 1.0-1.2) in the model adjusted for student grade, interaction with the older adults, gender, experience living with the older adults and FSA-J. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ageism specific to dental students and clinical trainees (as assessed using the ASDS-J) was independently correlated with negative attitudes towards dental care for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Izumi
- School of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- School of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sumio Akifusa
- School of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Elliott K, Dukes KC, Barlow PB, Kossioni A, Marchini L. Ageism scale for dental students (ASDS): A focus group review of content validity. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38217073 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM Improve content validity of the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) and identify barriers to using the scale. METHODS Thematic analysis of transcripts of three purposively sampled focus groups of 1) geriatric dentistry specialists, 2) older adult dental patients, and 3) dental students. RESULTS Twenty-five participants engaged in focus groups. No new concepts to define ageism were identified. Experts found the scale acceptable and appropriate, yet they raised specific potential revisions to scale questions. Commonly reported themes already addressed by ASDS included the importance of tailoring decision-making to patient preference and not making assumptions about older adults' capacity or preferences for dental care. Barriers to identifying ageism or using the scale included experiential differences in interpreting scale items, cultural differences in attitudes towards older adults, and potential overlap with social determinants of health. Secondary findings include recommendations for older-adult focused training for dental students to provide positive, concrete guidance on caring for older adults. CONCLUSION There are opportunities to refine the Ageism Scale for Dental Students and to allow tailoring of the scale for specific national or cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly C Dukes
- University of Wisconsin-Madison Law School, Iowa City, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Health Care System (ICVAHCS), Iowa City, USA
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Patrick B Barlow
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Shenoy R, Jodalli PS, Rao B S, Shetty AS, Thomas M, Shigli K, Marchini L. Validation of ageism scale for dental students in India: (Ageism Scale for Dental Students- India) - a cross sectional study. F1000Res 2023; 12:413. [PMID: 37559942 PMCID: PMC10407454 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130685.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ageism persists in many different societies as it is innate and subconscious in nature. Negative effects such as loneliness, mistreatment, and occupational discrimination are frequently present due to ageism. The dental students in our study were wary of the possible benefits of expensive dental care because ageism is rife in their field. There is no validated and reliable ageism scale to assess how dental students perceive ageism in India. The current study was carried out to validate the ageism scale for dental students in the Indian context. METHODS This was a cross sectional analytical study carried out among both males and females in Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore in which the instrument was 27-item Ageism scale for dental students. Content validity was done by six subject experts. The final version was administered to 213 students/Residents of dental school. The factorability of data was confirmed with KMO = 0.61 and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity resulting in p < 0.001. RESULTS Final PCA model resulted in 15 items and six components that together accounted for 70.37% of overall variance. The six components had reliability ranging from marginal 0.51 (Component 6) to a high of 0.81 (Component 3). As per the gender differences by component females showed less ageism than men in "non-compliance" (-0.9(-1.66-0.14), p<0.05) and "practitioner perspective" (1.43 (0.84, 2.03), p<0.01). Statistical significance was seen in Barriers/concerns in dental treatment of elderly where residents showed reversed (1.4 (0.41, 2.38), p<0.01). Urban group showed more ageism for component 'time restraint' (-0.79 (-1.57, -0.02), p<0.05. CONCLUSION Preliminary validation resulted in 15 item scale with six components with acceptable validity of the ageism scale and could be further tested in large samples. This scale will help recognize ageism in Indian context and provide necessary information to make changes in the curriculum as required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Praveen S Jodalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shushma Rao B
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aishwarya Shodhan Shetty
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Manuel Thomas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kamal Shigli
- Department of Prosthodontics, DY Patil Dental School, Lohegaon, Pune, Maharashtra, 412105, India
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventative and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Comprehensive Care, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
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Sophie P, Valerie RL, Guillaume V. Specific form of ageism in dental care: Convergent validity of the Ageism Scale for Dental Students and its implications for education. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2023; 27:368-373. [PMID: 35543310 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organisation considers ageism as an important barrier to age-appropriate care for older adults. An Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) has been validated in the United States, Brazil, Greece, Romania and in France. At present, the convergent validity of ASDS has never been evaluated. Moreover, a specialised and disciplinary tool as the ASDS may not overlap with more general ageism assessment which may highlight the need for specific courses during the education of the future health professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The survey was administered from December 2020 to January 2021. All the undergraduate students of the last 3 years of study at the dental school of Clermont-Ferrand were invited to complete both scales. Two hundred sixteen students were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group answered first Aging Semantic Differential- ASD then ASDS, the second in reverse order. The convergent validity between ASDS and ASD was assessed by computing a Pearson correlation coefficient and discriminant analysis between each component of the two scales. RESULTS The response rate was of 53.7%. The correlation analysis conducted on the total scores of the ASDS and of the ASD shows a significant, yet weak relationship. The discriminant analysis indicates that only the first component of the ASDS is significantly associated with each dimension of the ASD, whereas the second component is totally independent from the ASD and the third component almost independent from the ASD, except for the integrity dimension. CONCLUSIONS This specialised questionnaire may assess a form of ageism that is not captured at all in more general scales. Such a scale may help to identify the different dimensions of ageism among dental students which is required to reduce ageism in medical care. This reduction should pass by adapted courses in gerodontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaton Sophie
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- LAPSCO, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Roger-Leroi Valerie
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Odontologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CROC EA 4847, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vallet Guillaume
- LAPSCO, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Ioannidou K, Kalyva D, Basdeki EI, Tranoulis I, Kossioni AE. Greek dental students' perceptions of treating older patients. Gerodontology 2023; 40:83-90. [PMID: 35188284 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The oral problems of the older population are largely undertreated because of various barriers, including negative perceptions and ageist stereotypes, among care providers. The aim of this study was to record the perceptions of Greek dental students of treating older patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS An anonymous written questionnaire including two open-ended questions about the positive and negative issues when treating older patients was administered to clinical dental students. A content analysis was conducted to identify the main themes. RESULTS A total of 135 students responded to the questionnaire (response rate 88.23%). Five key themes were identified for the facilitating factors and six for the barriers/challenging factors. The facilitating factors of treating older people were the promotion of the patients' health and quality of life, the good interaction and communication with older patients, the dentist's intrinsic reward treating older people, the positive feedback from the patients and the improvement of professional dental competences when treating complex cases. The barriers included communication and cooperation problems, treatment challenges related to disease and disability, patients' negative beliefs about oral health, barriers to accessing dental care, complex and time-consuming treatment plans, and communication and cooperation problems with the patients' carers. CONCLUSION A range of facilitating and challenging factors influence dental students' perceptions of treating older patients. More research is necessary on the methods that will enhance their geriatric knowledge and skills, help them overcome the challenges they detected and improve their attitudes and behaviours towards treating older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Ioannidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Daphne Kalyva
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini I Basdeki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tranoulis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassia E Kossioni
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Stuck AK, Schimmel M. A model for a geriatric teaching programme and its impact on self-rated and tested competencies of undergraduate dental students. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:21-27. [PMID: 33512016 PMCID: PMC9290808 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the light of the growing ageing population, it is important that future dentists be taught geriatric competencies to assure good dental care and treatment addressing the special needs of older patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed and evaluated a geriatric teaching programme amongst final year undergraduate dental students (n = 30) at the University of Bern, Switzerland. The geriatric teaching programme was based on the European undergraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine for medical students covering the following eight geriatric domains that were considered relevant to dental care: Analgesics, cognitive impairment, decision-making capacity, gait and balance disorder, hearing impairment, malnutrition, polypharmacy and vision impairment. Using a pre/post-design, we administered a structured questionnaire including standardised questions on self-rated and tested competencies. Both assessments scores were standardised to a maximum score of 100 points. Data were evaluated by comparison of pre-test and post-test mean scores. RESULTS The geriatric teaching programme proved to be feasible covering eight geriatric domains based on a case-based didactic approach in totally eight 45-minute lessons. Both self-rated and tested competencies of dental students increased in all eight domains in the course of the geriatric teaching programme. After the geriatric teaching programme, both mean self-rated competency scores (67.9 vs. 49.6, p < .001) and mean tested competency scores (78.7 vs. 56.7 points, p < .001) significantly improved compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS Integrating a consolidated refined geriatric teaching programme is a potentially feasible and effective method for dental undergraduate students and is expected to have an impact on better dental care of older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Stuck
- Department of Geriatrics, InselspitalBern University Hospital, and University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and GerodontologySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Michalopoulou E, Bornstein MM, Schimmel M, Kossioni A, Kalberer N, Marchini L, Srinivasan M. Translation and validation of an ageism scale for dental students in Switzerland. J Oral Sci 2022; 64:74-79. [PMID: 34980824 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to validate an ageism scale for dental students in Switzerland. METHODS The original scale was first translated to German and then evaluated by 14 experts for relevance; four items were eliminated. Validation of the resulting questionnaire was performed at three Swiss dental schools. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed; Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to assess the internal consistency reliability, and Pearson's coefficient to identify any correlations with demographic parameters (P < 0.05). RESULTS PCA revealed 11 items among 4 factors (Overall: 11 items, α = 0.63, variance = 56.6%; Factor #1 (F1): items = 3, α = 0.64; Factor #2 (F2): items = 3, α = 0.42; Factor #3 (F3): items = 3, α = 0.35; Factor #4 (F4): items = 2, α = 0.37). F1 and F4 were correlated with clinical experience (F1: P = 0.042; F4: P = 0.006) and participation in a gerodontology course (F1: P = 0.021; F4: P = 0.004). F1 was correlated with experience of dealing with the elderly (P = 0.031), while residence locality was correlated with F3 (P = 0.047) and F4 (P = 0.043). F2 was correlated with the presence of elderly in the family (P = 0.047). CONCLUSION The translated dental ageism questionnaire for Switzerland resulted in an 11-item scale with acceptable reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Michalopoulou
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern.,Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Nicole Kalberer
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
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Popovac A, Pficer JK, Stančić I, Vuković A, Marchini L, Kossioni A. Translation and preliminary validation of the Serbian version of an ageism scale for dental students (ASDS-Serb). SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:160-169. [PMID: 34582583 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The ageist attitudes among dental clinicians may result in inadequate treatment planning and reduce quality of life for older adults. This study aimed at performing a preliminary validation of an ageism scale for dental students (ASDS) in Serbia (ASDS-Serb). METHODS AND RESULTS The 27-item ASDS was translated from English into Serbian and completed by 129 dental students. Principal component analysis (PCA), Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity were estimated. PCA produced a 17-item scale distributed into five factors that explain 64.24% of the total variance. All items showed high to moderate reliability (0.50-0.83). CFA indicates an acceptable model fit with significant standardized factor loadings ranging from 0.14-0.99. The first factor dealt with negative views of older adults' life and dental treatment, the second factor related to ethical values about older people, the third factor compared younger and older adults in dental care and the fourth factor related to difficulties in medical history taking. The fifth factor related to perceptions of oral health and treatment of older adults. Discriminant validity revealed significant differences related to the semester of studies, gender and having older people in the family. CONCLUSION The preliminary validation of the ASDS-Serb resulted in a 17-item scale distributed into the five factors with acceptable validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Popovac
- School of Dental Medicine, Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Kuzmanovic Pficer
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomedical Statistics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivica Stančić
- School of Dental Medicine, Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Vuković
- School of Dental Medicine, Clinic Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Piaton S, Barlow P, Kossioni A, Tubert-Jeannin S, Marchini L. Translation and preliminary validation of a French version of an ageism scale for dental students. Gerodontology 2021; 39:291-296. [PMID: 34275154 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The World Health Organization considers ageism an important barrier to age-appropriate care for older adults. A new ageism scale for dental students (ASDS) has been validated in the United States, Brazil, Greece and Romania. The aim of this study was to validate a French version (ASDS-Fr). METHOD AND MATERIALS The 27-item ageism scale was translated from English into French, and its content validity was investigated using the content validity index. The translated version was completed by 180 dental students in the Dental School of Clermont-Ferrand in France. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed and internal consistency reliability was calculated. RESULTS The final PCA model resulted in 10 items and three components that together accounted for 57.2% of the overall variance. The first component contained four items that point to a negative view of older adults; the second contained three items that appeared to reflect an absolving of responsibility for providing care to older adults; and the third contained three items that deal with gerodontology education. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary validation of the ASDS-Fr produced a new 10-item scale with three components with acceptable validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Piaton
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, PH CHU Clermont Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Dental Surgery France, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Patrick Barlow
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Veenstra L, Barlow P, Kossioni A, Popescu SM, Mercut V, Tuculina MJ, Scrieciu M, Stanusi A, Marchini L. Translation and validation of the ageism scale for dental students in Romanian (ASDS-Rom). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2021; 25:12-17. [PMID: 32750734 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this paper was to validate the Romanian version of an ageism scale for dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS The initial 27-item ageism scale was translated into Romanian and administered to 210 dental students in Craiova. The data were analysed using principal components analysis (PCA) with an orthogonal, Varimax rotation. The answers were then compared across several demographic variables using a combination of independent samples t tests and one-way between-subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Adequate factorability was confirmed with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) of 0.676 and a Bartlett's Test of Sphericity yielding P < 0.001. PCA revealed a 10-item scale distributed into three components that accounted for 58% of the overall variance. The first component contained 4 items related to the cost-benefit of providing care to older patients (α = 0.80). The second contained 3 items that revolved around the perceptions about older people and their value in the society (α = 0.59). The third contained 3 items related to gerodontology training (α = 0.46). Discriminant validity showed differences in the first component based on whether a student had an older family member. CONCLUSIONS The 10-item, three components scale demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Veenstra
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Patrick Barlow
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Veronica Mercut
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Monica Scrieciu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Stanusi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Lamprecht R, Guse J, Schimmel M, Müller F, Heydecke G, Reissmann DR. Benefits of combined quantitative and qualitative evaluation of learning experience in a gerodontology course for dental students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2020; 20:281. [PMID: 32843015 PMCID: PMC7449035 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The oral health status of long-term care (LTC) facility residents is often poor, and acceptance of dental services by the elderly is irregular and mostly problem-driven. The perceived knowledge gap due to insufficient under- or postgraduate education and training in gerodontology might present a barrier for dentists to provide domiciliary care. This study aimed to develop a high-quality student course in gerodontology. METHODS A total of 52 undergraduate dental students (age: 23.4 ± 2.1 yrs., 81% female) participated in a novel one-year gerodontology course and were included in this prospective study. The course was organized over two semesters, comprising two consecutive modules (one theoretical and one practical). The evaluation after the first semester applied a 16-item questionnaire with an ordinal 6-point response scale ranging from "not satisfied at all" (0) to "very satisfied" (5) for quantitative evaluation, and free-text comments as the qualitative part. These qualitative findings were used for validating the satisfaction questionnaire by triangulation, and to identify potential issues for improving the course. Satisfaction scores of the second evaluation after 1 year were used to assess potential effects of course modifications by comparing the participant satisfaction scores between both evaluations. RESULTS Satisfaction scores of 3.6 ± 0.7 after the first semester indicated students' initial satisfaction. The lowest satisfaction was observed for timeframe (2.6 ± 1.3) and interdisciplinary education (3.0 ± 1.4). The qualitative evaluation confirmed not only the ratings but also provided potential explanations, which were addressed by modifying the course accordingly. The effect of the modifications on participant evaluation was reflected by substantially improved satisfaction scores at the second assessment in 14 of 16 items, with a significant increase in overall satisfaction from 3.6 ± 0.7 to 4.0 ± 0.4 (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION A combined quantitative and qualitative evaluation is a successful method for developing, evaluating, and improving a gerodontology course for dental students with high student satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragna Lamprecht
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Guse
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Müller
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Guido Heydecke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel R Reissmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Marchini L, Ettinger RL. Coronavirus disease 2019 and dental care for older adults: New barriers require unique solutions. J Am Dent Assoc 2020; 151:881-884. [PMID: 33066871 PMCID: PMC7427571 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Rucker R, Barlow PB, Bertolini Fernandes dos Santos M, Carrera Malhao E, Kossioni A, Marchini L. Translation and preliminary validation of an ageism scale for dental students in Brazil (ASDS‐Braz). Gerodontology 2020; 37:87-92. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rucker
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics Iowa City IA USA
| | - Patrick B. Barlow
- Department of Internal Medicine The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City IA USA
| | | | | | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Department of Prosthodontics Division of Gerodontology Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics Iowa City IA USA
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Marchini L, Ettinger R, Hartshorn J. Personalized Dental Caries Management for Frail Older Adults and Persons with Special Needs. Dent Clin North Am 2019; 63:631-651. [PMID: 31470918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Frail older adults and persons with special needs are at higher risk of oral diseases including dental caries. Considering the diverse background of the population, a personalized approach for each patient is mandatory to successfully manage their oral health needs. This article describes a succinct way to assess and categorize the risk of rapid oral health deterioration (ROHD) among this group. The procedures for assessing ROHD risk examine the ROHD risk categories, how risk factors impact treatment strategies, what techniques and materials exist for caries prevention and treatment, and how one effectively communicates caries management plans for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, N337-1 Dental Science, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Ronald Ettinger
- Department of Prosthodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, N-409 Dental Science, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer Hartshorn
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, W327 Dental Science, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Kossioni AE, Ioannidou K, Kalyva D, Marchini L, Hartshorn J, Kaufman L, Smith B, Barlow PB. Translation and validation of the Greek version of an ageism scale for dental students (ASDS_Gr). Gerodontology 2019; 36:251-257. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastassia E. Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology Department of Prosthodontics Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Kyriaki Ioannidou
- Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Daphne Kalyva
- Dental School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics Iowa City Iowa
| | - Jennifer Hartshorn
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics Iowa City Iowa
| | - Laura Kaufman
- Department of General Dentistry Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine Boston Massachusetts
| | - Becky Smith
- Department of Restorative Clinical Sciences University of Missouri‐Kansas City School of Dentistry Kansas City Missouri
| | - Patrick B. Barlow
- Department of Internal Medicine The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa
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