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Tomczyk M, Bidzan-Wiącek M, Kortas JA, Kochanowicz M, Jost Z, Fisk HL, Calder PC, Antosiewicz J. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation affects tryptophan metabolism during a 12-week endurance training in amateur runners: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4102. [PMID: 38374149 PMCID: PMC10876641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of long-term omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation during endurance training on tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and mental state of healthy individuals have not been evaluated so far. Concentrations of plasma Trp, its metabolites and IL-6 were assessed in 26 male runners before and after a 12-week training program combined with supplementation of n-3 PUFAs (O-3 + TRAIN group) or medium chain triglycerides (MCTs; TRAIN group). After the 12-week program participants' mood before and after stress induction was also assessed. The effects of the same supplementation protocol were evaluated also in 14 inactive subjects (O-3 + SEDEN group). Concentrations of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and picolinic acid (PA) significantly increased only in the O-3 + TRAIN group (p = 0.01; [Formula: see text] = 0.22 and p = 0.01; [Formula: see text]= 0.26). Favorable, but not statistically significant changes in the concentrations of kynurenic acid (KYNA) (p = 0.06; [Formula: see text]= 0.14), xanthurenic acid (XA) (p = 0.07; [Formula: see text]= 0.13) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) (p = 0.06; [Formula: see text]= 0.15) and in the ratio of neurotoxic to neuroprotective metabolites were seen also only in the O-3 + TRAIN group. No changes in mood and IL-6 concentrations were observed in either group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs during endurance training has beneficial effects on Trp's neuroprotective metabolites.Trial registry: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT05520437 (14/07/2021 first trial registration and 2018/31/N/NZ7/02962 second trial registration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Tomczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Monika Bidzan-Wiącek
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Antoni Kortas
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Engineering, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Zbigniew Jost
- Department of Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Helena L Fisk
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jędrzej Antosiewicz
- Department of Bioenergetics and Physiology of Exercise, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
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Nowicka B, Torres A, Polkowska I, Jackow-Nowicka J, Przewozny M, Jackow-Malinowska J. Concentrations of Selected Adipocytokines in the Blood Plasma in Proximal Suspensory Desmopathy of Horses, with a Focus on Their Physical Activity-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:205. [PMID: 38203376 PMCID: PMC10778773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic tendon and ligament diseases are commonly encountered in both athletic humans and animals, especially horses. Distal limb diseases, including suspensory ligament (SL) pathology due to anatomical, histological, and biomechanical properties, can be considered a model for tendon and ligament pathologies in humans. The appropriate selection of therapy is often crucial in optimising the healing process. One decisive factor influencing the possibility of returning to pre-disease training levels appears to be the utilisation of physical activity, including controlled movement, during the rehabilitation process. In the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal diseases and rehabilitation, adipocytokines play diverse roles. However, it is unclear what significance they hold in horses and in specific disease entities as well as the consequences of their mutual interactions. Recent studies indicate that in the pathogenesis of diseases with varied aetiologies in humans, their value varies at different stages, resulting in a diverse response to treatment. The results of this study demonstrate lower resistin concentrations in the venous blood plasma of horses with proximal suspensory desmopathy (PSD), while higher levels were observed in regularly trained and paddocked animals. The horses investigated in this study showed higher concentrations of resistin and IL-8, particularly in paddocked horses as well as in the working group of horses. The results suggest that these concentrations, including resistin in blood plasma, may be clinically significant. This attempt to explore the aetiopathogenesis of the processes occurring in the area of the proximal attachment of the suspensory ligament may optimise the procedures for the treatment and rehabilitation of horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Nowicka
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głeboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Torres
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4, 20-094 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Polkowska
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głeboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jagoda Jackow-Nowicka
- Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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Al-Mhanna SB, Rocha-Rodriguesc S, Mohamed M, Batrakoulis A, Aldhahi MI, Afolabi HA, Yagin FH, Alhussain MH, Gülü M, Abubakar BD, Ghazali WSW, Alghannam AF, Badicu G. Effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet on cardiometabolic health in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:165. [PMID: 38049873 PMCID: PMC10696788 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle modifications involving diet and exercise are recommended for patients diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet (AEDT) on various cardiometabolic health-related indicators among individuals with obesity and T2DM. METHODOLOGY A comprehensive search of the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for this meta-analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate eligible studies, and the GRADE tool was used to rate the certainty of evidence. A random-effects model for continuous variables was used, and the results were presented as mean differences or standardised mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS A total of 16,129 studies were retrieved; 20 studies were included, and data were extracted from 1,192 participants. The findings revealed significant improvements in body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, glycated hemoglobin, leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin (p < 0.05) compared to the standard treatment (ST) group. No significant differences were observed between the AEDT and ST groups in fat mass, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The present findings are based on low- to moderate-quality evidence. CONCLUSIONS AEDT may be a critical behavior for holistic cardiometabolic health-related benefits as a contemporary anti-obesity medication due to its significant positive impact on patients with obesity and T2DM. Nevertheless, further robust evidence is necessary to determine whether AEDT is an effective intervention for lowering cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors among individuals with obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, New Delhi, India
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Sílvia Rocha-Rodriguesc
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Alexios Batrakoulis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Monira I Aldhahi
- Department of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafeez Abiola Afolabi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Maha H Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehmet Gülü
- Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Bishir Daku Abubakar
- Department of Human Physiology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia.
| | - Abdullah F Alghannam
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
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Wang YH, Tan J, Zhou HH, Cao M, Zou Y. Long-term exercise training and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy subjects: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1253329. [PMID: 37720640 PMCID: PMC10499556 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This meta-analysis investigated the effect of long-term exercise training (ET) including aerobic, resistance, and multicomponent ET on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving healthy subjects. Methods We searched seven databases for articles until May 1st, 2023. A random-effect meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regressions as well as trim and fill method were conducted using STATA 16.0. Result Thirty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 2,557 healthy subjects (mean age varies from 21 to 86 years). Long-term ET induced significantly decreased in the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD -0.16, 95% CI -0.30 to -0.03, p = 0.017), C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD -0.18, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.06, p = 0.005), as well as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.62 to -0.24, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that Long-term ET conducted for more than 12 weeks and exercise of moderate intensity had greater anti-inflammatory effects. Meta-regression analysis showed that the reduction in CRP level induced by long-term ET was weakened by increasing exercise intensity. Conclusion Long-term ET induced significant anti-inflammatory effects in healthy subjects. Long-term ET-induced anti-inflammatory effects were associated with exercise of moderate intensity and training conducted for more than 12 weeks.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/# myprospero, PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022346693.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hai Wang
- College of Arts and Physical Education, Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingwang Tan
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sport, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Tartibian B, Azadpour N, Eslami R, Khayat SMA. Home-based exercise alters pulmonary function and cellular stress markers in overweight middle-aged men during covid-19 Home quarantine. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:61. [PMID: 37081518 PMCID: PMC10116448 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combined home-based exercise program on potential indicators of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in overweight middle-aged men during home quarantine caused by COVID-19. METHODS Forty men (aged 45-64 years) were assigned to the exercise (EXE, n = 20) or control (CON, n = 20) groups. A 6-week combined program was carried out three days/week, starting at 20 min per session at 50% maximal heart rate (HRmax) and advancing to 45 min at 70% HRmax. Pulmonary functional and cellular stress biomarkers were measured before and after the training program. Analysis of the covariance (ANCOVA) was used for comparison between the two groups considering the baseline values. RESULTS Thirty-six participants (EXE, n = 17; CON, n = 19) completed the research protocol. The EXE group showed post-training improvements in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, Vital capacity (VC), and Forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF25-75) compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). Further, the plasma levels of fibrinogen, Interleukin (IL)-6, Interleukin (IL)-1β, D-dimer, and angiotensin (Ang II) decreased in the EXE group compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). After six weeks of the training program, leukocyte counts increased in the EXE group compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). There was a significant positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) with cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers other than white blood cells (WBC) in the EXE group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that combined home-based exercise during home quarantine improves risk factors for severe COVID-19 in overweight middle-aged men. These improvements were further correlated with changes in BMI. Future research is required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Azadpour
- Department of Physiotherapy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Rasoul Eslami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirwan Mohammad Amini Khayat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Higham SM, Mendham AE, Rosenbaum S, Allen NG, Smith G, Stadnyk A, Duffield R. Effects of concurrent exercise training on body composition, systemic inflammation, and components of metabolic syndrome in inactive academics: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:809-820. [PMID: 36471186 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low physical activity in the academic workplace may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. This randomised controlled trial investigated the effect of 14 weeks of concurrent exercise training (CT) on components of metabolic syndrome, body composition, insulin resistance, and markers of systemic inflammation in inactive academics. METHODS 59 inactive academics were randomised into a CT (n = 29) or wait-list control group (n = 30). CT performed supervised training at an onsite facility 3 times per week for 14 weeks and cardiometabolic health was assessed pre- and post-intervention. Aerobic capacity was measured via a metabolic cart. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry measured fat mass, lean mass, and central adiposity. Fasting blood samples were analysed for interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose, and lipid profile. RESULTS Following the intervention, there was a decrease in fat mass (mean ± SD; - 1.3 ± 1.4%), android fat mass (median (IQR); - 0.06 (0.27) kg), and visceral adipose tissue (median (IQR); - 66 (110) cm3) in CT, but not control. Lean mass (median (IQR); 1.35 (1.86) kg) and aerobic capacity (mean ± SD; 4.0 ± 3.1 mL/kg/min) increased in CT, but not in control. There were no changes in IL-6, TNF-a, HOMA-IR, glucose, or lipid profile in response to the intervention (P > 0.05). Changes in insulin resistance were positively associated with IL-6 in the control group only (coefficients [95%CI]; 5.957 [2.961, 8.953]). CONCLUSION Implementing combined aerobic and resistance exercise training programs in academic institutions may be an appropriate intervention to increase physical activity and reduce risk factors associated with cardiometabolic disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry on the 23rd of April, 2019 (ACTRN12619000608167).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Higham
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, Australia.
| | - Amy E Mendham
- South Africa Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Allen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Greg Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antony Stadnyk
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Rob Duffield
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, Australia
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Della Guardia L, Codella R. Exercise Restores Hypothalamic Health in Obesity by Reshaping the Inflammatory Network. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020297. [PMID: 36829858 PMCID: PMC9951965 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overnutrition induce inflammation, leptin-, and insulin resistance in the hypothalamus. The mediobasal hypothalamus responds to exercise enabling critical adaptions at molecular and cellular level that positively impact local inflammation. This review discusses the positive effect of exercise on obesity-induced hypothalamic dysfunction, highlighting the mechanistic aspects related to the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. In HFD-fed animals, both acute and chronic moderate-intensity exercise mitigate microgliosis and lower inflammation in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Notably, this associates with restored leptin sensitivity and lower food intake. Exercise-induced cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 mediate part of these positive effect on the ARC in obese animals. The reduction of obesity-associated pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., FFAs, TNFα, resistin, and AGEs), and the improvement in the gut-brain axis represent alternative paths through which regular exercise can mitigate hypothalamic inflammation. These findings suggest that the regular practice of exercise can restore a proper functionality in the hypothalamus in obesity. Further analysis investigating the crosstalk muscle-hypothalamus would help toward a deeper comprehension of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Della Guardia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50330356
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Hafizi Moori M, Nosratabadi S, Yazdi N, Kasraei R, Abbasi Senjedary Z, Hatami R. The Effect of Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in PCOS Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Int J Clin Pract 2023; 2023:3924018. [PMID: 36817281 PMCID: PMC9934983 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3924018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a typical female disorder that influences different aspects of women's health. There is a direct association between inflammation and PCOS status. Some evidence supports the beneficial effects of exercise on inflammation status in PCOS women, while others cannot find a significant association. This study aimed to clarify the effect of exercise on inflammatory markers in women with PCOS. METHOD Electronic searches in international databases were performed to identify eligible publications up to August 2021, which compared the effects of exercise on inflammatory markers in the intervention group compared to the control group in PCOS women. A weighted mean difference (WMD) using a random-effect model was applied for reporting results. RESULTS A total of 2525 records were found via database searching, of which 10 were eligible to be included in the analysis. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that exercise could significantly lower the serum level of CRP (WMD: -0.43 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.21; P ≤ 0.01; I 2: 84.9%; P < ≤0.01), while it was not considerable for adiponectin (WMD: -0.33 μg/mL; 95% CI: -0.97 to 0.31; P=0.30; I 2: 0%; P=0.97). In addition, subgroup analyses indicated a significant effect of exercise on CRP in individuals ≥30 years, sample size ≥15 individuals, and aerobic training. CONCLUSION Exercise training can reduce CRP levels in women with CRP, particularly in women older than 30 years of age, and in studies with more than 15 participants. The effect of exercise on adiponectin was not noticeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Hafizi Moori
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nosratabadi
- Department of Nutrition, Electronic Health and Statistics Surveillance Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Yazdi
- Department of Persian Medicine and Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Kasraei
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Abbasi Senjedary
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery School, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Hatami
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Streb AR, Braga PGS, de Melo RF, Botelho LJ, Maranhão RC, Del Duca GF. Effects of combined physical exercise on plasma lipid variables, paraoxonase 1 activity, and inflammation parameters in adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1991-1997. [PMID: 35713846 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether combined physical exercise may affect plasma lipid variables, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, and inflammation parameters in adults with obesity. METHODS Thirty-six participants were recruited to complete the study protocol. The mean age was 37 ± 1 years, and the baseline body mass index was 33.0 ± 0.4 kg/m2. Participants were allocated to the control group (CG) and the exercise group (EG). The EG performed three weekly sessions of combined physical exercise for 16 weeks. Plasma lipid variables, PON1 activity, and inflammatory profile were determined before and after intervention. RESULTS Total cholesterol levels decreased in both groups, without intergroup difference (time p = 0.001). Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels decreased in both groups (time p = 0.001); however, they were lower in the EG than in the CG (p = 0.038). The EG had increased HDL-C levels, but the CG had decreased HDL-C levels (time*group p = 0.011). PON1 activity was reduced in both groups (time, p = 0.001). The Castelli risk Index I and II reduced in the EG and increased in the CG (time*group, p = 0.008 and p = 0.011, respectively). The inflammatory markers were not modified. CONCLUSION Adults with obesity may benefit from regular practice of combined physical exercise training in many metabolic aspects that are related to protection against the development of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Streb
- Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Exercício Físico e Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, Centro de Desportos-CDS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - P G S Braga
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Lípides, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - R F de Melo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - L J Botelho
- Departamento de Saúde Pública, Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - R C Maranhão
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Lípides, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403-000, Brazil
| | - G F Del Duca
- Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Exercício Físico e Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis, Centro de Desportos-CDS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
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Fekri-Kourabbaslou V, Shams S, Amani-Shalamzari S. Effect of different recovery modes during resistance training with blood flow restriction on hormonal levels and performance in young men: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:47. [PMID: 35337391 PMCID: PMC8957130 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00442-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) results in hypertrophy, and its magnitude depends on various training variables. This study aimed to compare the long-term effect of passive recovery (PR) and active recovery (AR) during low-intensity resistance training with BFR on hormonal levels and performance in young men. METHODS In the randomized clinical trial, 20 men were randomly divided into PR and AR groups during resistance training with BFR. The intervention consisted of six upper and lower body movements with 30% of one maximum repetition (1RM), three sessions per week for six weeks. Both groups wore pneumatic cuffs on the proximal part of thighs and arms. The cuff pressure was 60% of the calculated arterial blood occlusion and increased 10% every two weeks. The AR group performed seven repetitions in 30 s break between sets by one second for concentric and eccentric phases and two seconds rest, and the other group had passive rest. The blood samples and a series of performance tests were gathered before and after the intervention. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze data. RESULTS AR and PR interventions significantly improved the C-reactive protein (CRP) (- 38% vs. - 40%), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (- 11% vs. - 3%), Sargent jump (9% vs. 10%), peak power (20% vs.18%), and average power (14% vs. 14%), upper 1RM (8% vs. 8%) and no significant differences were observed between groups. The AR intervention significantly increased growth hormone (GH) (423% vs. 151%, p = 0.03), lower body 1RM (18% vs. 11%) and muscle endurance (34% vs. 22% for the upper body, p = 0.02 and 32% vs. 24% for the lower body, p = 0.04) than the PR group. The PR intervention further increased the minimum power than the AR group (19% vs. 10%). There were no significant changes in testosterone (p = 0.79) and cortisol (p = 0.34) following interventions. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that by increasing muscle activation and higher metabolic load, AR during resistance training with BFR might cause more remarkable improvements in serum GH, muscle strength, and endurance. Thus, to gain further benefits, AR during training with BFR is recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20191207045644N1. Registration date: 14/03/2020. URL: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191207045644N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Fekri-Kourabbaslou
- grid.412265.60000 0004 0406 5813Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Shams
- grid.412265.60000 0004 0406 5813Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Amani-Shalamzari
- grid.412265.60000 0004 0406 5813Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Ribarič S. Physical Exercise, a Potential Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Attenuating Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063245. [PMID: 35328666 PMCID: PMC8952567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This narrative review summarises the evidence for considering physical exercise (PE) as a non-pharmacological intervention for delaying cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) not only by improving cardiovascular fitness but also by attenuating neuroinflammation. Ageing is the most important risk factor for AD. A hallmark of the ageing process is a systemic low-grade chronic inflammation that also contributes to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is associated with AD, Parkinson’s disease, late-onset epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and anxiety disorders. Pharmacological treatment of AD is currently limited to mitigating the symptoms and attenuating progression of the disease. AD animal model studies and human studies on patients with a clinical diagnosis of different stages of AD have concluded that PE attenuates cognitive decline not only by improving cardiovascular fitness but possibly also by attenuating neuroinflammation. Therefore, low-grade chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation should be considered potential modifiable risk factors for AD that can be attenuated by PE. This opens the possibility for personalised attenuation of neuroinflammation that could also have important health benefits for patients with other inflammation associated brain disorders (i.e., Parkinson’s disease, late-onset epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and anxiety disorders). In summary, life-long, regular, structured PE should be considered as a supplemental intervention for attenuating the progression of AD in human. Further studies in human are necessary to develop optimal, personalised protocols, adapted to the progression of AD and the individual’s mental and physical limitations, to take full advantage of the beneficial effects of PE that include improved cardiovascular fitness, attenuated systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, stimulated brain Aβ peptides brain catabolism and brain clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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12
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Mojtahedi S, Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Rosenkranz S, Shourideh Z, Amirshaghaghi F, Shabkhiz F. Improvement of inflammatory status following saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and resistance training in elderly hypertensive men: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Jafarnejad S, Hooshiar S, Esmaili H, Taherian A. Exercise, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Their Effects on Cardiovascular Disorders: A Narrative Review. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_31_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Amato A, Ragonese P, Ingoglia S, Schiera G, Schirò G, Di Liegro CM, Salemi G, Di Liegro I, Proia P. Lactate Threshold Training Program on Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124284. [PMID: 34959834 PMCID: PMC8704660 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity could play a key role in improving the quality of life, particularly in patients with nervous system diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Through lactacid anaerobic training, this study aims to investigate the effects at a bio-psycho-physical level to counteract the chronic fatigue associated with the pathology, and to improve mental health at a psychological and neurotrophic level. Eight subjects (age: 34.88 ± 4.45 years) affected by multiple sclerosis were involved. A lactate threshold training program was administered biweekly for 12 weeks at the beginning of the study (T0), at the end of the study (T1) and at 9 months after the end of the study (T2), with physical, psychological and hematochemicals parameters, and dietary habits being tested. The results obtained confirmed that lactacid exercise can influence brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels as well as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels. In addition, levels of baseline lactate, which could be best used as an energy substrate, showed a decrease after the protocol training. Self-efficacy regarding worries and concerns management significantly increased from T0 to T1. The eating attitudes test (EAT-26) did not highlight any eating disease in the patients with a normal diet enrolled in our study. Physical exercise also greatly influenced the patients psychologically and emotionally, increasing their self-esteem. Lactate threshold training, together with dietary habits, appears to exert synergic positive effects on inflammation, neural plasticity and neuroprotection, producing preventive effects on MS symptoms and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Amato
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (S.I.)
| | - Paolo Ragonese
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (P.R.); (G.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.L.)
| | - Sonia Ingoglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (S.I.)
| | - Gabriella Schiera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (C.M.D.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Schirò
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (P.R.); (G.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.L.)
| | - Carlo Maria Di Liegro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (C.M.D.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (P.R.); (G.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.L.)
| | - Italia Di Liegro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (P.R.); (G.S.); (G.S.); (I.D.L.)
| | - Patrizia Proia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (A.A.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence:
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Video-Assisted Health Education Promotes Rehabilitation Training of Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients and Reduces Stress and Burnout in Nurses Compared to Oral Education. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5058899. [PMID: 34722765 PMCID: PMC8556099 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5058899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests video-assisted health education being an effective way in promoting rehabilitation. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of video-assisted health education in promoting rehabilitation training in postoperative OA patients and at comparing it with oral education. This study was a noncontemporaneous control study involving 179 patients who underwent TKA. For the intervention group, a bedside interactive system that recorded a series of educational videos showing a rehabilitation training program was established. For the control group, oral education having the same content as that in the videos for the intervention group was provided. After education, clinical outcomes such as occurrence of complications, circulating biomarkers of inflammation, and rehabilitation progress of the patients were obtained. Furthermore, job stress and burnout in nurses who participated in the present study were assessed. Results showed that C-reactive protein levels of patients were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (84.54 ± 36.09 vs. 99.45 ± 31.73 mg/L, P = 0.004). Faster achievement of postoperative knee flexion to 90 degrees (21.31 ± 5.83 vs. 35.72 ± 9.93 h, P < 0.001) and first ambulation (19.91 ± 4.57 vs. 50.15 ± 7.00 h, P < 0.001), reduced number of postoperative complications such as postoperative orthostatic intolerance (7 vs. 19, P = 0.008) and constipation (10 vs. 23, P = 0.009), and reduced length of hospital stay (7.51 ± 1.79 vs. 8.21 ± 2.15 days, P = 0.019) in the intervention group in comparison to the control group were noted. Emotional exhaustion and burnout of nurses were reduced significantly in the intervention group than in the control group (21.00 ± 8.04 vs. 36.50 ± 11.22, P = 0.002; 55.90 ± 11.57 vs. 85.50 ± 6.80, P < 0.001, respectively). Reduced personal accomplishments in nurses were improved significantly in the intervention group when compared with the control group (41.90 ± 4.91 vs. 32.80 ± 7.07, P = 0.004). We concluded that video-assisted health education may promote TKA patient recovery and reduce burnout and stress in nurses when compared with oral education. Video-assisted health education could be helpful in situation where manpower of nurse is in shortage.
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16
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Rose GL, Mielke GI, Durr M, Schaumberg MA. Effect of resistance training on chronic inflammation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Laura Rose
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Gregore Iven Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Madeleine Durr
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
| | - Mia Annalies Schaumberg
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences University of the Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute Birtinya Australia
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17
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Della Guardia L, Codella R. Exercise tolls the bell for key mediators of low-grade inflammation in dysmetabolic conditions. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 62:83-93. [PMID: 34620559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic conditions share a common low-grade inflammatory milieu, which represents a key-factor for their ignition and maintenance. Exercise is instrumental for warranting systemic cardio-metabolic balance, owing to its regulatory effect on inflammation. This review explores the effect of physical activity in the modulation of sub-inflammatory framework characterizing dysmetabolic conditions. Regular exercise suppresses plasma levels of TNFα, IL-1β, FFAs and MCP-1, in dysmetabolic subjects. In addition, a single session of training increases the anti-inflammatory IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and muscle-derived IL-6, mitigating low-grade inflammation. Resting IL-6 levels are decreased in trained-dysmetabolic subjects, compared to sedentary. On the other hand, the acute release of muscle-IL-6, after exercise, seems to exert a regulatory effect on the metabolic and inflammatory balance. In fact, muscle-released IL-6 is presumably implicated in fat loss and boosts plasma levels of IL-10 and IL-1ra. The improvement of adipose tissue functionality, following regular exercise, is also critical for the mitigation of sub-inflammation. This effect is likely mediated by muscle-released IL-15 and IL-6 and partly relies on the brown-shifting of white adipocytes, induced by exercise. In obese-dysmetabolic subjects, moderate training is shown to restore gut-microbiota health, and this mitigates the translocation of bacterial-LPS into bloodstream. Finally, regular exercise can lower plasma advanced glycated endproducts. The articulated physiology of circulating mediators and the modulating effect of the pathophysiological background, render the comprehension of the exercise-regulatory effect on sub-inflammation a key issue, in dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Della Guardia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20090 Milano, Italy; Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.
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18
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Drosatos IA, Tsoporis JN, Izhar S, Gupta S, Tsirebolos G, Sakadakis E, Triantafyllis AS, Rigopoulos A, Rigopoulos D, Rallidis LS, Rizos I, Parker TG. Differential Regulation of Circulating Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGEs) and Its Ligands S100A8/A9 Four Weeks Post an Exercise Intervention in a Cohort of Young Army Recruits. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1354. [PMID: 34572568 PMCID: PMC8469473 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from its beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors, an anti-inflammatory effect of exercise is strongly implicated. Yet, data regarding the effect of an exercise intervention on healthy individuals are limited and contradictory. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a physical activity intervention on the soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGEs) and its ligands S100A8/A9. A total of 332 young army recruits volunteered and 169 completed the study. The participants underwent the standard basic training of Greek army recruits. IL-6, IL-1β, S100A8/A9, and sRAGEs were measured at the beginning and at the end of the training period. Primary rodent adult aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were analyzed for responsiveness to direct stimulation with S100A8/A9 alone or in combination with sRAGEs. At the end of the training period, we observed a statistically significant reduction in S100A8/A9 (630.98 vs. 472.12 ng/mL, p = 0.001), IL-1β (9.39 [3.8, 44.14] vs. 5.03 [2.44, 27.3] vs. pg/mL, p = 0.001), and sRAGEs (398.38 vs. 220.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001). IL-6 values did not change significantly after exercise. S100A8/A9 reduction was positively correlated with body weight (r = 0.236 [0.095, 0.370], p = 0.002) and BMI (r = 0.221 [0.092, 0.346], p = 0.004). Direct stimulation of ASMCs with S100A8/A9 increased the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and, in the presence of sRAGEs, demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition. A 4-week military training resulted in significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and S100A8/A9 complex. The observed reduction in sRAGEs may possibly reflect diminished RAGE axis activation. Altogether, our findings support the anti-inflammatory properties of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis-Alexandros Drosatos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, 414 Military Hospital, 15236 Athens, Greece;
| | - James N. Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (S.G.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Shehla Izhar
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (S.G.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Sahil Gupta
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (S.G.); (T.G.P.)
| | - George Tsirebolos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Sakadakis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Andreas S. Triantafyllis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Angelos Rigopoulos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
| | | | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Ioannis Rizos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (I.-A.D.); (G.T.); (E.S.); (A.S.T.); (A.R.); (L.S.R.); (I.R.)
| | - Thomas G. Parker
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (S.G.); (T.G.P.)
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Afşin A, Bozyılan E, Asoğlu R, Hoşoğlu Y, Dündar A. Effects of regular exercise on inflammatory biomarkers and lipid parameters in soccer players. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2021; 42:467-477. [PMID: 33750257 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2021.1898421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Since chronic dyslipidemia and inflammation play a major role in the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaque, we investigated the effects of a 7-week exercise on the serum lipid profile, plasma atherogenic index (PAI), and inflammatory biomarkers interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in male soccer players. Methods: The participants in this study were 22 healthy male soccer players aged 19-25 years. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, MCP-1, and lipid profile were recorded before and after the program. PAI was calculated as log (TG/HDL-C), where TG is triglyceride and HDL-C is high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results: There were significant decreases in post-exercise IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 (for all, p< .05). Compared to the pretest values, there were significant decreases in posttest total cholesterol (TC), TGs, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), non- high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and PAI (for all, p< .05). In contrast, HDL-C values increased after exercise (p< .001). After exercise training TC, TGs, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and PAI decreased and HDL-C increased, indicating improvement in parameters of dyslipidemia. The decreases in IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 suggest a decrease in systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmecit Afşin
- Department of Cardiology, Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Eren Bozyılan
- Department of Coaching training, High School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Adiyaman, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Asoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Hoşoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Adiyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Aykut Dündar
- Department of Coaching training, High School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Adiyaman, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Lopes LMP, de Oliveira EC, Becker LK, Costa GDP, Pinto KMDC, Talvani A, Carraro JCC, Coelho DB. Resistance Training Associated with Dietetic Advice Reduces Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Elderly. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7351716. [PMID: 32964042 PMCID: PMC7492897 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7351716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a biological process during which chronic low-grade inflammation is present due to changes in the immune system of the elderly. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of resistance training associated with dietary advice on chronic inflammation in the elderly. We conducted a prospective intervention study in which we evaluated anthropometric parameters and inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-8, CCL-2, and leptin) in 40 elderly people before and after long-term progressive resistance training (19 weeks) associated with dietary advice. The participants trained twice a week on nonconsecutive days, and the training lasted one hour with an intensity of 60-85% of 1-MR. Dietary advice was explained in person and individually focusing on foods rich in compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Participants were instructed at the beginning of the training program, and dietary advice was reinforced verbally weekly. There was an improvement in body composition evidenced by a reduction in waist circumference and body fat percentage and by the increase in arm circumference, calf circumference, and corrected arm muscle area. In addition, there was a reduction in the inflammatory biomarkers CCL-2 (p = 0.01) and leptin (p < 0.01). Resistance training associated with dietary guidance can contribute to a healthy aging due to observed improvements in body composition and in the inflammatory profile of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Maria Peixoto Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emerson Cruz de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lenice Kappes Becker
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kelerson Mauro de Castro Pinto
- Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Inflammation Immunobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Inflammation Immunobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Barbosa Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Maximus PS, Al Achkar Z, Hamid PF, Hasnain SS, Peralta CA. Adipocytokines: Are they the Theory of Everything? Cytokine 2020; 133:155144. [PMID: 32559663 PMCID: PMC7297161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue secretes various bioactive peptides/proteins, immune molecules and inflammatory mediators which are known as adipokines or adipocytokines. Adipokines play important roles in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, appetite, glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, immunity and inflammation. Enormous number of studies from all over the world proved that adipocytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases affecting nearly all body systems, which raises the question whether we can always blame adipocytokines as the triggering factor of every disease that may hit the body. OBJECTIVE Our review targeted the role played by adipocytokines in the pathogenesis of different diseases affecting different body systems including diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, gynecological diseases, rheumatologic disorders, cancers, Alzheimer's, depression, muscle disorders, liver diseases, cardiovascular and lung diseases. METHODOLOGY We cited more than 33 recent literature reviews that discussed the role played by adipocytokines in the pathogenesis of different diseases affecting different body systems. CONCLUSION More evidence is being discovered to date about the role played by adipocytokines in more diseases and extra research is needed to explore hidden roles played by adipokine imbalance on disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre S Maximus
- California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, United States.
| | - Zeina Al Achkar
- California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, United States
| | - Pousette F Hamid
- California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, United States
| | - Syeda S Hasnain
- California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, United States
| | - Cesar A Peralta
- California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, United States
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Murawski B, Plotnikoff RC, Rayward AT, Oldmeadow C, Vandelanotte C, Brown WJ, Duncan MJ. Efficacy of an m-Health Physical Activity and Sleep Health Intervention for Adults: A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial. Am J Prev Med 2019; 57:503-514. [PMID: 31542128 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interventions that improve both physical activity and sleep quality may be more effective in improving overall health. The purpose of the Synergy Study is to test the efficacy of a mobile health combined behavior intervention targeting physical activity and sleep quality. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, waitlist-controlled trial. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS This study had an app-based delivery mode, Australia-wide. The participants were 160 adults who reported insufficient physical activity and poor sleep quality in an eligibility survey. INTERVENTION The intervention was a mobile app providing educational resources, goal setting, self-monitoring, and feedback strategies. It included 12 weeks of personalized support including weekly reports, tool sheets, and prompts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3 months (primary), and 6 months (secondary endpoint). Self-reported minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and sleep quality were co-primary outcomes. Resistance training; sitting time; sleep hygiene; sleep timing variability; insomnia severity; daytime sleepiness; quality of life; and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were secondary outcomes. Data were collected between June 2017 and February 2018 and analyzed in August 2018. RESULTS At 3 months, between-group differences in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity were not statistically significant (p=0.139). Significantly more participants in the intervention group engaged in ≥2 days/week (p=0.004) of resistance training. The intervention group reported better overall sleep quality (p=0.009), subjective sleep quality (p=0.017), sleep onset latency (p=0.013), waketime variability (p=0.018), sleep hygiene (p=0.027), insomnia severity (p=0.002), and lower stress symptoms (p=0.032) relative to waitlist controls. At 6 months, group differences were maintained for sleep hygiene (p=0.048), insomnia severity (p=0.002), and stress symptoms (p=0.006). Differences were observed for bedtime variability (p=0.023), sleepiness (p<0.001), daytime dysfunction (p=0.039), and anxiety symptoms (p=0.003) at 6 months, but not 3 months. CONCLUSIONS This remotely delivered intervention did not produce statistically significant between-group differences in minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Significant short-term differences in resistance training and short- and medium-term differences in sleep health in favor of the intervention were observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at anzctr.org.au ACTRN12617000376347.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Murawski
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Education and Arts, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna T Rayward
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Health, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Clinical Research Design and Statistics Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
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23
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McMahon G, Morse CI, Winwood K, Burden A, Onambélé GL. Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha May Modulate the Short-Term Detraining Induced Muscle Mass Loss Following Prolonged Resistance Training. Front Physiol 2019; 10:527. [PMID: 31130871 PMCID: PMC6509206 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been shown to modulate muscle mass, and is responsive to exercise training. The effects of resistance training (RT) followed by a short period of detraining on muscle size, architecture and function in combination with circulating TNFα levels have not been previously investigated in a young, healthy population. Methods Sixteen participants (8 males and 8 females) were randomly assigned to a training group (TRA; age 20 ± 3 years, mass 76 ± 7 kg), whilst fourteen participants (7 males and 7 females) age 22 ± 2 years, mass 77 ± 6 kg were assigned to a control group (CON). Measures of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle size (normalized physiological cross-sectional area allometrically scaled to body mass; npCSA), architecture (fascicle length; LF, pennation angle Pθ), strength (knee extensor maximal voluntary contraction; KE MVC), specific force, subcutaneous fat (SF) and circulating TNFα were assessed at baseline (BL), post 8 weeks RT (PT), and at two (DT1) and four (DT2) weeks of detraining. Results Pooled BL TNFα was 0.87 ± 0.28 pg/mL with no differences between groups. BL TNFα tended to be correlated with npCSA (p = 0.055) and KEMVC (p = 0.085) but not specific force (p = 0.671) or SF (p = 0.995). There were significant (p < 0.05) increases in npCSA compared to BL and CON in TRA at PT, DT1, and DT2, despite significant (p < 0.05) decreases in npCSA compared to PT at DT1 and DT2. There were significant (p < 0.05) increases in LF, Pθ and KE MVC at PT but only LF and torque at DT1. There were no significant (p > 0.05) changes in SF, specific force or TNFα at any time points. There was a significant correlation (p = 0.022, r = 0.57) between the relative changes in TNFα and npCSA at DT2 compared to PT. Discussion Neither RT nor a period of short term detraining altered the quality of muscle (i.e., specific force) despite changes in morphology and function. TNFα does not appear to have any impact on RT-induced gains in muscle size or function, however, TNFα may play a role in inflammatory-status mediated muscle mass loss during subsequent detraining in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard McMahon
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, United Kingdom.,Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher I Morse
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Winwood
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Burden
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe, United Kingdom
| | - Gladys L Onambélé
- Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe, United Kingdom
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Acquarone E, Monacelli F, Borghi R, Nencioni A, Odetti P. Resistin: A reappraisal. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 178:46-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ihalainen JK, Inglis A, Mäkinen T, Newton RU, Kainulainen H, Kyröläinen H, Walker S. Strength Training Improves Metabolic Health Markers in Older Individual Regardless of Training Frequency. Front Physiol 2019; 10:32. [PMID: 30774600 PMCID: PMC6367240 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of frequency, thereby increasing training volume, of resistance training on body composition, inflammation markers, lipid and glycemic profile in healthy older individuals (age range 65–75 year). Ninety-two healthy participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups; performing strength training one- (EX1), two- (EX2), or three- (EX3) times-per-week and a non-training control (CON) group. Whole-body strength training was performed using 2–5 sets and 4–12 repetitions per exercise and 7–9 exercises per session. All training groups attended supervised resistance training for 6 months. Body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and fasting blood samples were taken pre- and post-training. There were significant main effects of time for total fat mass (F = 28.12, P < 0.001) and abdominal fat mass (F = 20.72, P < 0.001). Pre- to post-study, statistically significant reductions in fat mass (Δ = -1.3 ± 1.4 kg, P < 0.001, n = 26) were observed in EX3. Pre- to post-study reductions in low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration (Δ = -0.38 ± 0.44 mmol⋅L-1, P = 0.003, n = 19) were observed only in EX3, whereas a significant pre- to post-study increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (0.14–0.19 mmol⋅L-1) were observed in all training groups. Most variables at baseline demonstrated a significant (negative) relationship when correlating baseline values with their change during the study including: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (r = -0.583, P < 0.001), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r = -0.471, P < 0.001, and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.402, P = 0.003). The present study suggests that having more than two resistance training sessions in a week could be of benefit in the management of body composition and lipid profile. Nevertheless, interestingly, and importantly, those individuals with a higher baseline in systolic blood pressure, IL-6 and hs-CRP derived greatest benefit from the resistance training intervention, regardless of how many times-a-week they trained. Finally, the present study found no evidence that higher training frequency would induce greater benefit regarding inflammation markers or glycemic profile in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Ihalainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Alistair Inglis
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mäkinen
- LIKES-Research Centre for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Robert U Newton
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Heikki Kainulainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Simon Walker
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Effect of aerobic and resistance training on inflammatory markers in heart failure patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Fail Rev 2019; 23:209-223. [PMID: 29392623 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-018-9677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers are evident in patients with heart failure and are associated with disease severity and prognosis. Exercise training has been shown to reduce circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other pro-inflammatory markers in healthy and clinical populations. The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of aerobic (AT) and resistance training (RT) interventions on circulating concentrations of inflammatory markers; tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule (sVCAM) in heart failure patients. We conducted database searches (PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Trials Register to 30 June 2017) for exercise-based trials in heart failure, using the following search terms: exercise training, inflammation, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, soluble intercellular adhesions molecule-1, soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1. Twenty studies, representing 18 independent trials, were included in the review. Pooled data of six studies indicated a minimally favourable effect of exercise training on circulating TNF-α [SMD 0.42 (95% CI 0.15, 0.68), p = 0.002)]. However, together the pooled and descriptive analyses failed to provide strong evidence for a reduction in other pro-inflammatory markers. However, given the complexity of heart failure and the pathways involved in the immune and inflammatory process, large prospective trials considering aetiology, comorbidities and local skeletal muscle inflammation are required to elucidate on the anti-inflammatory effect of exercise in this population.
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Bennie JA, Ding D, Khan A, Stamatakis E, Biddle SJ, Kim J. Run, lift, or both? Associations between concurrent aerobic-muscle strengthening exercise with adverse cardiometabolic biomarkers among Korean adults. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 27:738-748. [PMID: 30861691 DOI: 10.1177/2047487318817899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical exercise interventions show that combining moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and muscle strengthening exercise (MSE) has more favourable cardiometabolic health benefits than engaging in only one mode of physical activity. However, few studies have examined these associations among community-based samples and none among Asian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 9120 participants aged 20-80 years from the 2014-2015 Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Fasting blood samples were analysed for adverse cardiometabolic biomarkers (e.g. high glucose/glycohaemoglobin/triglycerides) and MVPA and MSE were assessed using validated questionnaires. Poisson regression models examined the association between the individual and total number of adverse biomarkers across categories of MVPA-MSE guideline adherence (met neither (reference); met MSE only; met MVPA only; met both) and prevalence ratios are reported adjusted for covariates (e.g. age, education, smoking, waist circumference and sitting time). RESULTS The mean ± SD age was 46.2 ± 16.3 years and 50.3% of the participants were women. Compared with meeting neither guideline, meeting both guidelines had the lowest prevalence ratios for four out of eight individual adverse cardiometabolic biomarkers. In a sex-stratified analysis of men, only meeting both guidelines had a lower prevalence ratio for ≥4 adverse biomarkers (prevalence ratio 0.67; 95% confidence interval 0.53-0.85). For women, the prevalence ratio for ≥4 adverse biomarkers was lowest among those meeting both guidelines (prevalence ratio 0.46; 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.66), followed by MSE only (prevalence ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.96) and MVPA only (prevalence ratio 0.78; 95% confidence interval 0.65-0.92). CONCLUSIONS Among a large sample of Korean adults, concurrent MVPA-MSE was independently associated with favourable cardiometabolic outcomes. This study supports public health action to promote adherence to MVPA-MSE guidelines to enhance cardiovascular health among Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Stuart Jh Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Korea
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