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Dreiner M, Willwacher S, Kramer A, Kümmel J, Frett T, Zaucke F, Liphardt AM, Gruber M, Niehoff A. Short-term Response of Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein to Different Types of Impact Loading Under Normal and Artificial Gravity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1032. [PMID: 32982779 PMCID: PMC7489036 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgravity during long-term space flights induces degeneration of articular cartilage. Artificial gravity through centrifugation combined with exercise has been suggested as a potential countermeasure for musculoskeletal degeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different types of impact loading under normal and artificial gravity conditions on serum concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a biomarker of cartilage metabolism. Fifteen healthy male adults (26 ± 4 years, 181 ± 4 cm, 77 ± 6 kg) performed four different 30-min impact loading protocols on four experimental days: jumping with artificial gravity elicited by centrifugation in a short-arm centrifuge (AGJ), jumping with artificial gravity generated by low-pressure cylinders in a sledge jump system (SJS), vertical jumping under Earth gravity (EGJ), and running under Earth gravity (RUN). Five blood samples per protocol were taken: 30 min before, immediately before, immediately after, 30 min after, and 60 min after impact loading. Serum COMP concentrations were analyzed in these samples. During the impact exercises, ground reaction forces were recorded. Peak ground reaction forces were significantly different between the three jumping protocols (p < 0.001), increasing from AGJ (14 N/kg) to SJS (22 N/kg) to EGJ (29 N/kg) but were similar in RUN (22 N/kg) compared to SJS. The serum COMP concentration was increased (p < 0.001) immediately after all loading protocols, and then decreased (p < 0.001) at 30 min post-exercise compared to immediately after the exercise. Jumping and running under Earth gravity (EGJ and RUN) resulted in a significantly higher (p < 0.05) increase of serum COMP levels 30 min after impact loading compared to the impact loading under artificial gravity (RUN +30%, EGJ +20%, AGJ +17%, and SJS +13% compared to baseline). In conclusion, both the amplitude and the number of the impacts contribute to inducing higher COMP responses and are therefore likely important factors affecting cartilage metabolism. RUN had the largest effect on serum COMP concentration, presumably due to the high number of impacts, which was 10 times higher than for the jump modalities. Future studies should aim at establishing a dose-response relationship for different types of exercise using comparable amounts of impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Dreiner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Kramer
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jakob Kümmel
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Timo Frett
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Liphardt
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Gruber
- Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Cheng M, Chu F, Feng Q, Shen G. Cyclic tensile strain promotes the ECM synthesis of cranial base synchondrosis chondrocytes by upregulating miR-140-5p. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 23:44-49. [PMID: 31461554 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the role of miR-140-5p in cranial base synchondrosis chondrocytes (CBSCs) under cyclic tensile strain (CTS). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION A total of 25 1-week-old Sprague Dawley rats from Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were used. MATERIAL AND METHODS The second passage of CBSCs was applied with CTS at 10% elongation (1 Hz) for 24 hours. MiR-140-5p levels in CBSCs were detected by qRT-PCR. The role of miR-140-5p in CBSCs was evaluated by transfection of mimics and inhibitor. RNA sequencing and online search of miRNA databases (TargetScan, miRDB and miRanda) were used in prediction of miR-140-5p targets. A luciferase reporter assay was applied to identify the target gene of miR-140-5p. RESULTS Compared with the control, the expression of Col2a1 and Sox9 was significantly higher after CTS (P < .05). Also, CBSCs demonstrated higher expression of miR-140-5p after CTS loading for 24 hours (P < .05). Overexpression of miR-140-5p promoted ECM synthesis under CTS loading environment, while suppression of miR-140-5p inhibited the effect. Bloc1s2 was a putative target gene of miR-140-5p. CONCLUSIONS The expression of ECM in CBSCs could be promoted by CTS and miR-140-5p might play a role in this process through targeting Bloc1s2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Cheng
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengting Chu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiping Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Firner S, Willwacher S, de Marées M, Bleuel J, Zaucke F, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Effect of increased mechanical knee joint loading during running on the serum concentration of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1937-1946. [PMID: 29369406 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of an increase in mechanical knee joint loading during running on the serum COMP level. On two different test days, 20 healthy men ran with knee orthoses for 30 min on a treadmill (v = 2.2 m/s). On day 1, the orthoses were passive, whereas on day 2 they were pneumatically driven (active) and thus increased the external knee flexion moments (+30.9 Nm) during stance phase. Lower-limb mechanics and serum COMP levels (baseline; 0, 0.5, 1, 2 h post running) were analyzed. COMP levels increased immediately after running with passive (+35%; pre: 7.5 U/l, 95%CI: 6.4, 8.7, post: 9.8 U/l, 95%CI: 8.8, 10.8, p < 0.001) and active orthoses (+45%; pre: 7.6 U/l; 95%CI: 6.4, 8.8, post: 10.3 U/l, 95%CI: 9.2, 11.5, p < 0.001), but they did not differ between interventions. While running with active orthoses, greater ankle dorsiflexion angles, knee flexion angles, and moments occurred (p < 0.05). Comparing both interventions, the Δ COMP pre-post, meaning the difference (Δ) between running with active and passive orthoses in pre to post COMP level change (=level after (post) running minus level before (pre) running), correlated negatively with Δ COMP baseline (difference between the baseline COMP level before running with active and passive orthoses, r = -0.616; p = 0.004), and with a positive tendence with the Δ maximum knee flexion (r = 0.388; p = 0.091). Therefore, changes in COMP concentration after physical activity seem to be highly influenced by the COMP baseline level. In addition, correlation analysis indicates that modifications in knee joint kinematics have a greater effect on cartilage metabolism than an increase in joint moments. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1937-1946, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Firner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus de Marées
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Judith Bleuel
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gert-Peter Brüggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Wiggenhauser PS, Schwarz S, Rotter N. The distribution patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 in septal, alar and triangular cartilages of the human nose. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:291-300. [PMID: 29721643 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The biomechanical characteristics of septal cartilage depend strongly on the distinct extracellular matrix of cartilage tissue; therefore, it is essential that the components of this matrix are identified and understood. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrilin-3 are localised in articular cartilage. This study was the first to examine all subtypes of mature human nasal cartilages (alar, triangular and septal) with specific attention to the distribution of COMP and matrilin-3. Three whole fresh-frozen noses from human donors were dissected, and exemplary biopsies were examined using histochemical staining (haematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue) and immunohistochemistry (collagen II, COMP and matrilin-3). The following three zones within the nasal cartilage were identified: superficial, intermediate and central. COMP was detected as highest in the intermediate zones in all three subtypes of nasal cartilage, whereas matrilin-3 was detected with pericellular deposition mainly within septal cartilage predominantly in the superficial zones. The distinct staining patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 underscore the different functional roles of both proteins in nasal cartilage. According to the literature, COMP might be involved with collagen II in the formation of networks, whereas matrilin-3 is reported to prevent ossification or regulate mechanosensitivity. The predominant staining observed in septal cartilage suggests matrilin-3's modulatory role because of its presence in the osteochondral junctional zone and given that the biomechanical load in septal cartilage is different from that in alar or triangular cartilage. In conclusion, COMP and matrilin-3 were detected in mature human nasal cartilage but displayed different staining patterns that might be explained by the functional roles of the respective matrix protein; however, further research is necessary to identify and define the functional aspects of this morphological difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Severin Wiggenhauser
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Silke Schwarz
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, Salzburg, 90419, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Liphardt AM, Mündermann A, Andriacchi TP, Achtzehn S, Heer M, Mester J. Sensitivity of serum concentration of cartilage biomarkers to 21-days of bed rest. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1465-1471. [PMID: 29077223 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) would decrease and serum levels of tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and selected matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) would increase in response to bed rest (BR) and that these changes are unaffected by the intake of potassium bicarbonate or whey protein. Seven and nine healthy male subjects participated in two 21-day 6° head down tilt crossover BR-studies with nutrition interventions. Serum samples were taken before, during, and after BR and biomarker concentrations were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. MMP-3 during BR was significantly lower than at baseline (reduction greater 20%; p < 0.001). MMP-3 increased significantly from 14 to 21 days of BR (+7%; p = 0.049). COMP during BR was significantly lower than at baseline (reduction greater 20%; p < 0.001). MMP-3 and COMP returned to baseline within 1 day after BR. MMP-9 on day 3 of BR was significantly lower than at baseline (-31%; p < 0.033) and on days 3, 5, and 14 of BR significantly lower than at the end of and after BR (reduction greater 35%; p < 0.030). The nutritional countermeasures did not affect these results. The observed changes in cartilage biomarkers may be caused by altered cartilage metabolism in response to the lack of mechanical stimulus during BR and inflammatory biomarkers may play a role in changes in biomarker levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Immobilization independently from injury can cause altered cartilage biomarker concentration. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1465-1471, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Liphardt
- German Sport University Cologne (DSHS Köln), Training Science and Sport Informatics, Köln, Germany.,German Sport University Cologne (DSHS Köln), Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, Köln, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum, Ulmenweg 18, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Annegret Mündermann
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas P Andriacchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University,, Stanford, California
| | - Silvia Achtzehn
- German Sport University Cologne (DSHS Köln), Training Science and Sport Informatics, Köln, Germany
| | - Martina Heer
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim Mester
- German Sport University Cologne (DSHS Köln), Training Science and Sport Informatics, Köln, Germany
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Firner S, Zaucke F, Michael J, Dargel J, Schiwy-Bochat KH, Heilig J, Rothschild MA, Eysel P, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Extracellular Distribution of Collagen II and Perifibrillar Adapter Proteins in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Human Knee Joint Cartilage. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 65:593-606. [PMID: 28846474 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417729154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perifibrillar adapter proteins, interconnecting collagen fibrils, and linking the collagen network with the aggrecan matrix seem to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we examined immunohistochemically the extracellular distribution of collagen II and the main perifibrillar adapter proteins-collagen IX, decorin, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and matrilin-3-in human samples of healthy (n=4) and OA (n=42) knee joint cartilage. Histopathology assessment was performed using an OA score. Staining patterns were evaluated in relation to the disease stage. The perifibrillar adapter proteins were uniformly distributed in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. In moderate OA (n=8; score 14.3 ± 4.7), all proteins analyzed were locally absent in the fibrillated area or the superficial and upper mid zone. In advanced OA (n=20; score 18.9 ± 5.3), they were uniformly distributed in these zones and accumulated pericellularly. Perifibrillar adapter proteins are important for the stabilization of the collagen network in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. Their degradation might be a critical event in early OA. In advanced OA, there are indications for an increased synthesis in an attempt to regenerate the lost tissue and to protect the remaining cartilage from further destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Firner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joern Michael
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Dargel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Heilig
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Peer Eysel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gert-Peter Brüggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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