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Stilgoe AB, Kashchuk AV, Balanant MA, Santangelo D, Nieminen TA, Sauret E, Flower R, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H. Tired and stressed: direct holographic quasi-static stretching of aging echinocytes and discocytes in plasma using optical tweezers [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:656-671. [PMID: 38404345 PMCID: PMC10890887 DOI: 10.1364/boe.504779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) undergo a progressive morphological transformation from smooth biconcave discocytes into rounder echinocytes with spicules on their surface during cold storage. The echinocytic morphology impacts RBCs' ability to flow through narrow sections of the circulation and therefore transfusion of RBC units with a high echinocytic content are thought to have a reduced efficiency. We use an optical tweezers-based technique where we directly trap and measure linear stiffness of RBCs under stress without the use of attached spherical probe particles or microfluidic flow to induce shear. We study RBC deformability with over 50 days of storage performing multiple stretches in blood plasma (serum with cold agglutinins removed to eliminate clotting). In particular, we find that discocytes and echinocytes do not show significant changes in linear stiffness in the small strain limit (∼ 20 % change in length) up to day 30 of the storage period, but do find differences between repeated stretches. By day 50 the linear stiffness of discocytes had increased to approximately that measured for echinocytes throughout the entire period of measurements. These changes in stiffness corresponded to recorded morphological changes in the discocytes as they underwent storage lesion. We believe our holographic trapping and direct measurement technique has applications to directly control and quantify forces that stretch other types of cells without the use of attached probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Stilgoe
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Anatolii V. Kashchuk
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Currently with LENS, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Marie-Anne Balanant
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Deborah Santangelo
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Timo A. Nieminen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Emilie Sauret
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Robert Flower
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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2
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Lee M, Hugonnet H, Lee MJ, Cho Y, Park Y. Optical trapping with holographically structured light for single-cell studies. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:011302. [PMID: 38505814 PMCID: PMC10903426 DOI: 10.1063/5.0111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A groundbreaking work in 1970 by Arthur Ashkin paved the way for developing various optical trapping techniques. Optical tweezers have become an established method for the manipulation of biological objects, due to their noninvasiveness and precise controllability. Recent innovations are accelerating and now enable single-cell manipulation through holographic light structuring. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in optical tweezer techniques for studies at the individual cell level. Our review focuses on holographic optical tweezers that utilize active spatial light modulators to noninvasively manipulate live cells. The versatility of the technology has led to valuable integrations with microscopy, microfluidics, and biotechnological techniques for various single-cell studies. We aim to recapitulate the basic principles of holographic optical tweezers, highlight trends in their biophysical applications, and discuss challenges and future prospects.
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3
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Introini V, Govendir MA, Rayner JC, Cicuta P, Bernabeu M. Biophysical Tools and Concepts Enable Understanding of Asexual Blood Stage Malaria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:908241. [PMID: 35711656 PMCID: PMC9192966 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.908241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Forces and mechanical properties of cells and tissues set constraints on biological functions, and are key determinants of human physiology. Changes in cell mechanics may arise from disease, or directly contribute to pathogenesis. Malaria gives many striking examples. Plasmodium parasites, the causative agents of malaria, are single-celled organisms that cannot survive outside their hosts; thus, thost-pathogen interactions are fundamental for parasite’s biological success and to the host response to infection. These interactions are often combinations of biochemical and mechanical factors, but most research focuses on the molecular side. However, Plasmodium infection of human red blood cells leads to changes in their mechanical properties, which has a crucial impact on disease pathogenesis because of the interaction of infected red blood cells with other human tissues through various adhesion mechanisms, which can be probed and modelled with biophysical techniques. Recently, natural polymorphisms affecting red blood cell biomechanics have also been shown to protect human populations, highlighting the potential of understanding biomechanical factors to inform future vaccines and drug development. Here we review biophysical techniques that have revealed new aspects of Plasmodium falciparum invasion of red blood cells and cytoadhesion of infected cells to the host vasculature. These mechanisms occur differently across Plasmodium species and are linked to malaria pathogenesis. We highlight promising techniques from the fields of bioengineering, immunomechanics, and soft matter physics that could be beneficial for studying malaria. Some approaches might also be applied to other phases of the malaria lifecycle and to apicomplexan infections with complex host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Introini
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Viola Introini,
| | - Matt A. Govendir
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian C. Rayner
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Cicuta
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Bernabeu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Sheikhhassani V, Evers TMJ, Lamba S, Shokri F, Mashaghi A. Single cell force spectroscopy of erythrocytes at physiological and febrile temperatures reveals mechano-modulatory effects of atorvastatin. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2143-2148. [PMID: 35201243 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01715b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RBCs are mechanically active cells and constantly deform as they circulate through vasculature. Their mechanical properties can be significantly altered by various pathophysiological conditions, and the alterations in RBC mechanics can, in turn, have functional consequences. Although numerous mechanical studies have been conducted on RBCs, surprisingly, strain-rate and temperature dependent mechanics of RBCs have not been systematically examined, and current data is primarily based on measurements at room temperature. Here, we have used state-of-the-art single-cell optical tweezers to probe atorvastatin-induced changes of RBC mechanics and its strain-rate dependency at physiologically and medically relevant temperatures. Our data indicate that RBC mechanics is strain-rate and temperature dependent, and atorvastatin treatment softens RBCs at physiological temperature, but not at febrile temperature. The observed mechanical change is a notable side effect of the drug in some therapeutic applications. However, the mechano-modulatory effects of atorvastatin on erythrocytes at physiological temperature might offer new therapeutic possibilities for diseases related to blood cell mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Sheikhhassani
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom M J Evers
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanjeevani Lamba
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Fereshteh Shokri
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Yu Q, Li M, Chen H, Xu L, Cheng J, Lin G, Liu Y, Su Z, Yang X, Li Y, Chen J, Xie J. The discovery of berberine erythrocyte-hemoglobin self-assembly delivery system: a neglected carrier underlying its pharmacokinetics. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:856-870. [PMID: 35277093 PMCID: PMC8920379 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2036870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) has extremely low concentration and high tissue distribution. However, current pharmacokinetic studies predominantly focus on its concentration in plasma, which could hardly make a comprehensive understanding of its pharmacokinetic process. This study made a pioneering endeavor to explore the erythrocyte-hemoglobin (Hb) self-assembly system of BBR by exploring the interaction of BBR with erythrocyte and the combination of BBR with Hb. Results showed that BBR had a low bioavailability (C0 = 2.833 μg/mL via intravenous administration of 2.5 mg/kg BBR and Cmax = 0.260 μg/mL via oral administration of 400 mg/kg BBR). Besides, BBR achieved higher concentrations in erythrocytes than plasma, and the erythrocytes count and Hb content were significantly decreased after intravenous administration. Hemolysis rate indicated the BBR-erythrocyte system (with 2% erythrocytes) was relatively stable without hemolysis at the concentration of 1.00 mg/mL. And the maximum percentage of drug loading was 100% when the BBR-erythrocyte concentration was 0.185 μg/mL. Furthermore, incubation of BBR and erythrocytes resulted in internalization of the erythrocyte membrane and the formation of intracellular vacuoles. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the binding process of bovine hemoglobin (BHB) and BBR was spontaneous. UV-vis absorption spectra, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism and Raman spectra collectively indicated that BBR showed strong binding affinity toward BHB and affected the molecular environment of residues like tryptophan and tyrosine in BHB, resulting in the conformational changes of its secondary and tertiary structure. Molecular docking indicated BBR interacted with Arg-141 residue of BHB via hydrogen bond with the bond length of 2.55 Å. The ΔG value of the BHB-BBR system was −31.79 kJ/mol. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated the root mean square derivation of BBR-BHB was <0.025 nm, suggestive of stable conformation. Cumulatively, there was an erythrocyte-Hb self-assembled drug delivery system after oral or intravenous administration of BBR, which conceivably gained novel insight into the discrepancy between the extremely low plasma concentration and relatively high tissue concentration of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Yu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhua Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanbin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lieqiang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoshu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Xie Y, Liu X. Multifunctional manipulation of red blood cells using optical tweezers. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100315. [PMID: 34773382 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Serving as natural vehicles to deliver oxygen throughout the whole body, red blood cells (RBCs) have been regarded as important indicators for biomedical analysis and clinical diagnosis. Various diseases can be induced due to the dysfunction of RBCs. Hence, a flexible tool is required to perform precise manipulation and quantitative characterization of their physiological mechanisms and viscoelastic properties. Optical tweezers have emerged as potential candidates due to their noncontact manipulation and femtonewton-precision measurements. This review aimed to highlight the recent advances in the multifunctional manipulation of RBCs using optical tweezers, including controllable deformation, dynamic stretching, RBC aggregation, blood separation and Raman characterization. Further, great attentions have been focused on the precise assembly of functional biophotonics devices with trapped RBCs, and a brief overview was offered for the growing interests to manipulate RBCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzheng Xie
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Liu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Kamble S, Agrawal S, Cherumukkil S, Sharma V, Jasra RV, Munshi P. Revisiting Zeta Potential, the Key Feature of Interfacial Phenomena, with Applications and Recent Advancements. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant Kamble
- Shashikant Kamble Reliance Research and Development Centre Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited Thane Belapur Road, Ghansoli Navi Mumbai 400701 India
| | - Santosh Agrawal
- Research Centre, Vadodara Manufacturing Division Reliance Industries Limited Vadodara Gujarat 391346 India
| | - Sandeep Cherumukkil
- Research Centre, Vadodara Manufacturing Division Reliance Industries Limited Vadodara Gujarat 391346 India
| | - Vipul Sharma
- Research Centre, Vadodara Manufacturing Division Reliance Industries Limited Vadodara Gujarat 391346 India
| | - Raksh Vir Jasra
- Research Centre, Vadodara Manufacturing Division Reliance Industries Limited Vadodara Gujarat 391346 India
| | - Pradip Munshi
- Research Centre, Vadodara Manufacturing Division Reliance Industries Limited Vadodara Gujarat 391346 India
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8
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Gómez F, Silva LS, Teixeira DE, Agero U, Pinheiro AAS, Viana NB, Pontes B. Plasmodium falciparum maturation across the intra-erythrocytic cycle shifts the soft glassy viscoelastic properties of red blood cells from a liquid-like towards a solid-like behavior. Exp Cell Res 2020; 397:112370. [PMID: 33186602 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of erythrocytes have been investigated by different techniques. However, there are few reports on how the viscoelasticity of these cells varies during malaria disease. Here, we quantitatively map the viscoelastic properties of Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized human erythrocytes. We apply new methodologies based on optical tweezers to measure the viscoelastic properties and defocusing microscopy to measure the erythrocyte height profile, the overall cell volume, and its form factor, a crucial parameter to convert the complex elastic constant into complex shear modulus. The storage and loss shear moduli are obtained for each stage of parasite maturation inside red blood cells, while the former increase, the latter decrease. Employing a soft glassy rheology model, we obtain the power-law exponent for the storage and loss shear moduli, characterizing the soft glassy features of red blood cells in each parasite maturation stage. Ring forms present a liquid-like behavior, with a slightly lower power-law exponent than healthy erythrocytes, whereas trophozoite and schizont stages exhibit increasingly solid-like behaviors. Finally, the surface elastic shear moduli, low-frequency surface viscosities, and shape recovery relaxation times all increase not only in a stage-dependent manner but also when compared to healthy red blood cells. Overall, the results call attention to the soft glassy characteristics of Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized erythrocyte membrane and may provide a basis for future studies to better understand malaria disease from a mechanobiological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fran Gómez
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil; Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leandro S Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Douglas E Teixeira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Ubirajara Agero
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Acácia S Pinheiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Nathan B Viana
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil; Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Pontes
- Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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9
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Assessment of Fibrinogen Macromolecules Interaction with Red Blood Cells Membrane by Means of Laser Aggregometry, Flow Cytometry, and Optical Tweezers Combined with Microfluidics. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101448. [PMID: 33076409 PMCID: PMC7602533 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An elevated concentration of fibrinogen in blood is a significant risk factor during many pathological diseases, as it leads to an increase in red blood cells (RBC) aggregation, resulting in hemorheological disorders. Despite the biomedical importance, the mechanisms of fibrinogen-induced RBC aggregation are still debatable. One of the discussed models is the non-specific adsorption of fibrinogen macromolecules onto the RBC membrane, leading to the cells bridging in aggregates. However, recent works point to the specific character of the interaction between fibrinogen and the RBC membrane. Fibrinogen is the major physiological ligand of glycoproteins receptors IIbIIIa (GPIIbIIIa or αIIββ3 or CD41/CD61). Inhibitors of GPIIbIIIa are widely used in clinics for the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases as antiplatelets agents preventing the platelets’ aggregation. However, the effects of GPIIbIIIa inhibition on RBC aggregation are not sufficiently well studied. The objective of the present work was the complex multimodal in vitro study of the interaction between fibrinogen and the RBC membrane, revealing the role of GPIIbIIIa in the specificity of binding of fibrinogen by the RBC membrane and its involvement in the cells’ aggregation process. We demonstrate that GPIIbIIIa inhibition leads to a significant decrease in the adsorption of fibrinogen macromolecules onto the membrane, resulting in the reduction of RBC aggregation. We show that the mechanisms underlying these effects are governed by a decrease in the bridging components of RBC aggregation forces.
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Zhu R, Avsievich T, Popov A, Meglinski I. Optical Tweezers in Studies of Red Blood Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E545. [PMID: 32111018 PMCID: PMC7140472 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OTs) are innovative instruments utilized for the manipulation of microscopic biological objects of interest. Rapid improvements in precision and degree of freedom of multichannel and multifunctional OTs have ushered in a new era of studies in basic physical and chemical properties of living tissues and unknown biomechanics in biological processes. Nowadays, OTs are used extensively for studying living cells and have initiated far-reaching influence in various fundamental studies in life sciences. There is also a high potential for using OTs in haemorheology, investigations of blood microcirculation and the mutual interplay of blood cells. In fact, in spite of their great promise in the application of OTs-based approaches for the study of blood, cell formation and maturation in erythropoiesis have not been fully explored. In this review, the background of OTs, their state-of-the-art applications in exploring single-cell level characteristics and bio-rheological properties of mature red blood cells (RBCs) as well as the OTs-assisted studies on erythropoiesis are summarized and presented. The advance developments and future perspectives of the OTs' application in haemorheology both for fundamental and practical in-depth studies of RBCs formation, functional diagnostics and therapeutic needs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Zhu
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Tatiana Avsievich
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexey Popov
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Igor Meglinski
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.A.); (A.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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11
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Valadão Cardoso A. An experimental erythrocyte rigidity index (Ri) and its correlations with Transcranial Doppler velocities (TAMMV), Gosling Pulsatility Index PI, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red cell distribution width (RDW). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229105. [PMID: 32084188 PMCID: PMC7034921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain artery velocities (Time-Averaged Maximum Mean Velocity, TAMMV) by Transcranial Doppler (TCD), hematocrit, hemoglobin, Red blood cell (RBC) Distribution Width (RDW) and RBC rigidity index (Ri), when reported together with their correlations, provide a accurate and useful diagnostic picture than blood viscosity measurements alone. Additionally, our study included a sixth parameter provided by TCD, the Gosling Pulsatility Index PI, which is an indicator of CBF (Cerebral Blood Flow) resistance. All these parameters are routine in Hematology except for values of Ri. The rigidity (Ri) of the RBC is the main rheological characteristic of the blood of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) patients and several pathologies. However, its quantification depends on many commercial and experimental techniques, none disseminated and predominant around the World. The difference in absorbance values of the blood, during the process of sedimentation in a microwell of a Microplate Reader, is a straightforward way of semi-quantifying the RBC rigidity Ri, since the fraction of irreversibly sickled red blood cells does not form rouleaux. Erythrocyte Rigidity Index (Ri) was calculated using initial absorbance Ainitial (6 s) and final Afinal (540 s), Ri = 1 / (Ai-Af). The Ri of 119 patients (2–17 y / o, M & F) SCA, SCC (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin C), SCD (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin D), Sβ0thal (Sickle Cell/hemoglobin Beta Zero Thalassemia) and 71 blood donors (20–65 y / o, M & F) were measured in our laboratory while the five parameters (TAMMV and PI by TCD, Hct, Hb and RDW) were obtained from medical records. The in vitro addition of hydroxyurea (HU, 50mg /dl, n = 51 patients, and n = 8 healthy donors) in the samples decreased the rouleaux adhesion strength of both donor and patients’ blood samples, leading to extraordinarily high Ri values. The correlation between the studied parameters was especially significant for the direct relationships between Ri, TAMMV, and PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Valadão Cardoso
- Rheology Laboratory, Materials Engineering Post-Graduation Program REDEMAT-UEMG/DESP-ED, State University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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12
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Zare-Gachi M, Daemi H, Mohammadi J, Baei P, Bazgir F, Hosseini-Salekdeh S, Baharvand H. Improving anti-hemolytic, antibacterial and wound healing properties of alginate fibrous wound dressings by exchanging counter-cation for infected full-thickness skin wounds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 107:110321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Influence of Pulsed He-Ne Laser Irradiation on the Red Blood Cell Interaction Studied by Optical Tweezers. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10120853. [PMID: 31817490 PMCID: PMC6953084 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optical Tweezers (OT), as a revolutionary innovation in laser physics, has been extremely useful in studying cell interaction dynamics at a single-cell level. The reversible aggregation process of red blood cells (RBCs) has an important influence on blood rheological properties, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. The regulating effects of low-level laser irradiation on blood rheological properties have been reported. However, the influence of pulsed laser irradiation, and the origin of laser irradiation effects on the interaction between RBCs remain unclear. In this study, RBC interaction was assessed in detail with OT. The effects of both continuous and pulsed low-level He-Ne laser irradiation on RBC aggregation was investigated within a short irradiation period (up to 300 s). The results indicate stronger intercellular interaction between RBCs in the enforced disaggregation process, and both the cell contact time and the initial contact area between two RBCs showed an impact on the measured disaggregation force. Meanwhile, the RBC aggregation force that was independent to measurement conditions decreased after a short time of pulsed He-Ne laser irradiation. These results provide new insights into the understanding of the RBC interaction mechanism and laser irradiation effects on blood properties.
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Evaluating viscoelastic properties and membrane electrical charges of red blood cells with optical tweezers and cationic quantum dots - applications to β-thalassemia intermedia hemoglobinopathy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110671. [PMID: 31816460 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical and electrical properties are important to the performance and survival of red blood cells (RBCs) in the microcirculation. This study proposed and explored methodologies based on optical tweezers and cationic quantum dots (QDs) as biophotonic tools to characterize, in a complementary way, viscoelastic properties and membrane electrical charges of RBCs. The methodologies were applied to normal (HbA) and β-thalassemia intermedia (Hbβ) RBCs. The β-thalassemia intermedia disease is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy characterized by a reduction (or absence) of β-globin chains, which leads to α-globin chains precipitation. The apparent elasticity (μ) and membrane viscosity (ηm) of RBCs captured by optical tweezers were obtained in just a single experiment. Besides, the membrane electrical charges were evaluated by flow cytometry, exploring electrostatic interactions between cationic QDs, stabilized with cysteamine, with the negatively charged RBC surfaces. Results showed that Hbβ RBCs are less elastic, have a higher ηm, and presented a reduction in membrane electrical charges, when compared to HbA RBCs. Moreover, the methodologies based on optical tweezers and QDs, here proposed, showed to be capable of providing a deeper and integrated comprehension on RBC rheological and electrical changes, resulting from diverse biological conditions, such as the β-thalassemia intermedia hemoglobinopathy.
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Scalable novel PVDF based nanocomposite foam for direct blood contact and cardiac patch applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 88:270-280. [PMID: 30196182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Scalable novel beta phase polyvinylidene fluoride-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PVDF-PMMA) polymer blend based nanocomposite foam with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as nanofillers (β-PVDF-PMMA/HAp/TiO2) (β-PPHT-f), was prepared by using salt etching assisted solution casting method. The prepared β-PPHT-f nanocomposite material was characterized using XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed the formation of β phase of β-PPHT-f. The SEM and EDS results confirmed the formation of high porous structured closed cell type morphology of β-PPHT-f. It also, confirmed the uniform distribution of Ti, Ca, P, N and O, in β-PPHT-f. Contact angle measurements performed using sessile drop method with water and EDTA treated blood (EDTA blood) as probe liquids revealed that β-PPHT-f is hydrophilic with contact angle of 48.2° as well as hemophilic with contact angle of 13.7°. Porosity, fluid absorption and retention investigation by gravimetric analysis revealed that β-PPHT-f was 89.2% porous and can absorb and retain 139.15% and 87.05% of water and blood, respectively. The hemolysis assay performed as per ASTM F756 procedure revealed that β-PPHT-f is non hemolytic. Also, the Leishman stained blood smears prepared from whole blood incubated with β-PPHT-f for 3, 4, 5 and 6 h at 37 °C revealed that the blood cells were not affected by β-PPHT-f, its surface morphology and elemental composition. H9c2 cell line studies on a transparent film prepared using β-PPHT-f revealed that the elemental composition of the nanocomposite favored H9c2 cell adhesion and differentiation. All the characterization results indicate that the newly developed scalable novel β-PPHT-f is hemocompatible and cardiomyocyte compatible, suggesting it as a useful material for direct blood contact and cardiac patch applications.
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Lee K, Kinnunen M, Khokhlova MD, Lyubin EV, Priezzhev AV, Meglinski I, Fedyanin AA. Optical tweezers study of red blood cell aggregation and disaggregation in plasma and protein solutions. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:35001. [PMID: 26953660 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.3.035001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Kinetics of optical tweezers (OT)-induced spontaneous aggregation and disaggregation of red blood cells (RBCs) were studied at the level of cell doublets to assess RBC interaction mechanics. Measurements were performed under in vitro conditions in plasma and fibrinogen and fibrinogen + albumin solutions. The RBC spontaneous aggregation kinetics was found to exhibit different behavior depending on the cell environment. In contrast, the RBC disaggregation kinetics was similar in all solutions qualitatively and quantitatively, demonstrating a significant contribution of the studied proteins to the process. The impact of the study on assessing RBC interaction mechanics and the protein contribution to the reversible RBC aggregation process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisung Lee
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Chair of General Physics and Wave Processes, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, RussiabUniversity of Oulu, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Opto-Electronics and Measureme
| | - Matti Kinnunen
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques, Erkki Koiso-Kanttilankatu 3, Oulu 90570, Finland
| | - Maria D Khokhlova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Chair of Quantum Electronics, Leninkie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Lyubin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Chair of Quantum Electronics, Leninkie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander V Priezzhev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Chair of General Physics and Wave Processes, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, RussiadLomonosov Moscow State University, International Laser Center, Leninskie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Igor Meglinski
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Opto-Electronics and Measurement Techniques, Erkki Koiso-Kanttilankatu 3, Oulu 90570, Finland
| | - Andrey A Fedyanin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Chair of Quantum Electronics, Leninkie Gory 1/62, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Spyratou E, Cunaj E, Tsigaridas G, Mourelatou EA, Demetzos C, Serafetinides AA, Makropoulou M. Measurements of liposome biomechanical properties by combining line optical tweezers and dielectrophoresis. J Liposome Res 2014; 25:202-210. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2014.987784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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18
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Pesce G, Lisbino V, Rusciano G, Sasso A. Optical manipulation of charged microparticles in polar fluids. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3141-9. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pesce
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Napoli; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lisbino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Napoli; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Giulia Rusciano
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Napoli; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
| | - Antonio Sasso
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Napoli; Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo; Napoli Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Nazionale di Ottica - Sezione di Napoli; Pozzuoli Italy
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Rodrigues VRM, Mondal A, Dharmadhikari JA, Panigrahi S, Mathur D, Dharmadhikari AK. Enhancing the strength of an optical trap by truncation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61310. [PMID: 23593458 PMCID: PMC3620420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical traps (tweezers) are beginning to be used with increasing efficacy in diverse studies in the biological and biomedical sciences. We report here results of a systematic study aimed at enhancing the efficiency with which dielectric (transparent) materials can be optically trapped. Specifically, we investigate how truncation of the incident laser beam affects the strength of an optical trap in the presence of a circular aperture. Apertures of various sizes have been used by us to alter the beam radius, thereby changing the effective numerical aperture and intensity profile. We observe significant enhancement of the radial and axial trap stiffness when an aperture is used to truncate the beam compared to when no aperture was used, keeping incident laser power constant. Enhancement in trap stiffness persists even when the beam intensity profile is modulated. The possibility of applying truncation to multiple traps is explored; to this end a wire mesh is utilized to produce multiple trapping that also alters the effective numerical aperture. The use of a mesh leads to reduction in trap stiffness compared to the case when no wire mesh is used. Our findings lead to a simple-to-implement and inexpensive method of significantly enhancing optical trapping efficiency under a wide range of circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Argha Mondal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Mathur
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal University, Manipal, India
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Fernandes HP, Fontes A, Thomaz A, Castro V, Cesar CL, Barjas-Castro ML. Measuring red blood cell aggregation forces using double optical tweezers. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2013; 73:262-4. [PMID: 23402665 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2013.765961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Classic immunohematology approaches, based on agglutination techniques, have been used in manual and automated immunohematology laboratory routines. Red blood cell (RBC) agglutination depends on intermolecular attractive forces (hydrophobic bonds, Van der Walls, electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonds) and repulsive interactions (zeta potential). The aim of this study was to measure the force involved in RBC aggregation using double optical tweezers, in normal serum, in the presence of erythrocyte antibodies and associated to agglutination potentiator solutions (Dextran, low ionic strength solution [LISS] and enzymes). The optical tweezers consisted of a neodymium:yattrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser beam focused through a microscope equipped with a minicam, which registered the trapped cell image in a computer where they could be analyzed using a software. For measuring RBC aggregation, a silica bead attached to RBCs was trapped and the force needed to slide one RBC over the other, as a function of the velocities, was determined. The median of the RBC aggregation force measured in normal serum (control) was 1 × 10(-3) (0.1-2.5) poise.cm. The samples analyzed with anti-D showed 2 × 10(-3) (1.0-4.0) poise.cm (p < 0.001). RBC diluted in potentiator solutions (Dextran 0.15%, Bromelain and LISS) in the absence of erythrocyte antibodies, did not present agglutination. High adherence was observed when RBCs were treated with papain. Results are in agreement with the imunohematological routine, in which non-specific results are not observed when using LISS, Dextran and Bromelain. Nevertheless, false positive results are frequently observed in manual and automated microplate analyzer using papain enzyme. The methodology proposed is simple and could provide specific information with the possibility of meansuration regarding RBC interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloise P Fernandes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Chevalier G, Sinatra ST, Oschman JL, Delany RM. Earthing (grounding) the human body reduces blood viscosity-a major factor in cardiovascular disease. J Altern Complement Med 2013; 19:102-10. [PMID: 22757749 PMCID: PMC3576907 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emerging research is revealing that direct physical contact of the human body with the surface of the earth (grounding or earthing) has intriguing effects on human physiology and health, including beneficial effects on various cardiovascular risk factors. This study examined effects of 2 hours of grounding on the electrical charge (zeta potential) on red blood cells (RBCs) and the effects on the extent of RBC clumping. DESIGN/INTERVENTIONS SUBJECTS were grounded with conductive patches on the soles of their feet and palms of their hands. Wires connected the patches to a stainless-steel rod inserted in the earth outdoors. Small fingertip pinprick blood samples were placed on microscope slides and an electric field was applied to them. Electrophoretic mobility of the RBCs was determined by measuring terminal velocities of the cells in video recordings taken through a microscope. RBC aggregation was measured by counting the numbers of clustered cells in each sample. SETTINGS/LOCATION Each subject sat in a comfortable reclining chair in a soundproof experiment room with the lights dimmed or off. SUBJECTS Ten (10) healthy adult subjects were recruited by word-of-mouth. RESULTS Earthing or grounding increased zeta potentials in all samples by an average of 2.70 and significantly reduced RBC aggregation. CONCLUSIONS Grounding increases the surface charge on RBCs and thereby reduces blood viscosity and clumping. Grounding appears to be one of the simplest and yet most profound interventions for helping reduce cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaétan Chevalier
- Developmental and Cell Biology Department, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Stephen T. Sinatra
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
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Acarregui A, Murua A, Pedraz JL, Orive G, Hernández RM. A Perspective on Bioactive Cell Microencapsulation. BioDrugs 2012; 26:283-301. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03261887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lyubin EV, Khokhlova MD, Skryabina MN, Fedyanin AA. Cellular viscoelasticity probed by active rheology in optical tweezers. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:101510. [PMID: 23223986 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.10.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to probe viscoelastic properties of cells based on double trap optical tweezers is reported. Frequency dependence of the tangent of phase difference in the movement of the opposite erythrocyte edges while one of the edges is forced to oscillate by optical tweezers appeared to be highly dependent on the rigidity of the cellular membrane. Effective viscoelastic parameters characterizing red blood cells with different stiffnesses (normal and glutaraldehyde-fixed) are determined. It is shown that the photo-induced effects caused by laser trapping at the power level used in the experiments are negligible giving the possibility to use the offered technique for dynamic monitoring of soft materials viscoelastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V Lyubin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang S, Wang C, Xie J, Chen X, Xu Y, Mao P. Detection of erythrocytes in patients with multiple myeloma using atomic force microscopy. SCANNING 2012; 34:295-301. [PMID: 22311545 DOI: 10.1002/sca.21008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the pathophysiological changes to erythrocytes in multiple myeloma (MM) patients at a nanometer scale. We hypothesize that studying changes in red blood cells may be important for early diagnosis and effective treatment of MM. Blood samples were taken from ten healthy volunteers and ten MM patients before and after treatment. Changes in the morphological and biomechanical properties of the erythrocytes were studied at a nanometer scale with atomic force microscopy (AFM). There were dramatic deformations in the overall shape and surface membrane of the erythrocytes from pre- and post therapeutic MM patients compared with the healthy controls. Healthy and pathological MM erythrocytes could be distinguished by several morphologic parameters, including the width, length, length to width ratio, valley, peak, valley-to-peak, standard deviation, and surface fluctuation. The effectiveness of disease treatment could also be evaluated by studying these red blood cell parameters. AFM was able to detect noticeable morphological differences in the red blood cells from MM patients compared with healthy controls. Therefore, erythrocyte morphology is an important parameter for diagnosing MM, as well as evaluating the efficacy of disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang S, Wang C, Xie J, Chen X, Xu Y, Mao P. Detection of erythrocytes in patient with iron deficiency anemia using atomic force microscopy. SCANNING 2012; 34:215-220. [PMID: 22076750 DOI: 10.1002/sca.20296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) disturbs the morphology and function of erythrocytes at molecular level. The purpose of this study was to show that pathophysiological changes to erythrocytes could be detected at the nanometer scale, which is important for the early diagnosis and effective therapies of the anemia. METHODS Blood samples were taken from six healthy volunteers and six patients with IDA before and after therapy. Changes in the morphological and biomechanical properties of erythrocytes were studied at the nanometer level using atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS There were dramatic overall shape and surface membrane deformations of the erythrocytes associated with pre- and post-therapeutic IDA compared with healthy erythrocytes. Healthy and pathological erythrocytes of IDA could be distinguished by the morphologic parameters of width, length, the ratio of length to width, valley, peak, valley-to-peak, standard deviations, and surface fluctuation. Treatment effectiveness also could be evaluated by these parameters. CONCLUSIONS AFM is a good tool for IDA study. Erythrocyte morphology is an important determinant for diagnosing and evaluating therapeutic effect of IDA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Silva DCN, Jovino CN, Silva CAL, Fernandes HP, Filho MM, Lucena SC, Costa AMDN, Cesar CL, Barjas-Castro ML, Santos BS, Fontes A. Optical tweezers as a new biomedical tool to measure zeta potential of stored red blood cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31778. [PMID: 22363729 PMCID: PMC3283675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During storage, red blood cells (RBCs) for transfusion purposes suffer progressive deterioration. Sialylated glycoproteins of the RBC membrane are responsible for a negatively charged surface which creates a repulsive electrical zeta potential. These charges help prevent the interaction between RBCs and other cells, and especially among each RBCs. Reports in the literature have stated that RBCs sialylated glycoproteins can be sensitive to enzymes released by leukocyte degranulation. Thus, the aim of this study was, by using an optical tweezers as a biomedical tool, to measure the zeta potential in standard RBCs units and in leukocyte reduced RBC units (collected in CPD-SAGM) during storage. Optical tweezers is a sensitive tool that uses light for measuring cell biophysical properties which are important for clinical and research purposes. This is the first study to analyze RBCs membrane charges during storage. In addition, we herein also measured the elasticity of RBCs also collected in CPD-SAGM. In conclusion, the zeta potential decreased 42% and cells were 134% less deformable at the end of storage. The zeta potential from leukodepleted units had a similar profile when compared to units stored without leukoreduction, indicating that leukocyte lyses were not responsible for the zeta potential decay. Flow cytometry measurements of reactive oxygen species suggested that this decay is due to membrane oxidative damages. These results show that measurements of zeta potentials provide new insights about RBCs storage lesion for transfusion purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego C. N. Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Cauêh N. Jovino
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. L. Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Heloise P. Fernandes
- Hematology and Transfusion Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, INCTS-Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton M. Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos L. Cesar
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria L. Barjas-Castro
- Hematology and Transfusion Center, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, INCTS-Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beate S. Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Khokhlova MD, Lyubin EV, Zhdanov AG, Rykova SY, Sokolova IA, Fedyanin AA. Normal and system lupus erythematosus red blood cell interactions studied by double trap optical tweezers: direct measurements of aggregation forces. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:025001. [PMID: 22463027 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.2.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Direct measurements of aggregation forces in piconewton range between two red blood cells in pair rouleau are performed under physiological conditions using double trap optical tweezers. Aggregation and disaggregation properties of healthy and pathologic (system lupus erythematosis) blood samples are analyzed. Strong difference in aggregation speed and behavior is revealed using the offered method which is proposed to be a promising tool for SLE monitoring at single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Khokhlova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Lira RB, Cavalcanti MB, Seabra MABL, Silva DCN, Amaral AJ, Santos BS, Fontes A. Non-specific interactions of CdTe/Cds Quantum Dots with human blood mononuclear cells. Micron 2011; 43:621-6. [PMID: 22197430 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to study biological events, researchers commonly use methods based on fluorescence. These techniques generally use fluorescent probes, commonly small organic molecules or fluorescent proteins. However, these probes still present some drawbacks, limiting the detection. Semiconductor nanocrystals - Quantum Dots (QDs) - have emerged as an alternative tool to conventional fluorescent dyes in biological detection due to its topping properties - wide absorption cross section, brightness and high photostability. Some questions have emerged about the use of QDs for biological applications. Here, we use optical tools to study non-specific interactions between aqueous synthesized QDs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. By fluorescence microscopy we observed that bare QDs can label cell membrane in live cells and also label intracellular compartments in artificially permeabilized cells, indicating that non-specific labeling of sub-structures inside the cells must be considered when investigating an internal target by specific conjugation. Since fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry are complementary techniques (fluorescence microscopy provides a morphological image of a few samples and flow cytometry is a powerful technique to quantify biological events in a large number of cells), in this work we also used flow cytometry to investigate non-specific labeling. Moreover, by using optical tweezers, we observed that, after QDs incubation, zeta potentials in live cells changed to a less negative value, which may indicate that oxidative adverse effects were caused by QDs to the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael B Lira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Banerjee AG, Chowdhury S, Losert W, Gupta SK. Survey on indirect optical manipulation of cells, nucleic acids, and motor proteins. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:051302. [PMID: 21639562 DOI: 10.1117/1.3579200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers have emerged as a promising technique for manipulating biological objects. Instead of direct laser exposure, more often than not, optically-trapped beads are attached to the ends or boundaries of the objects for translation, rotation, and stretching. This is referred to as indirect optical manipulation. In this paper, we utilize the concept of robotic gripping to explain the different experimental setups which are commonly used for indirect manipulation of cells, nucleic acids, and motor proteins. We also give an overview of the kind of biological insights provided by this technique. We conclude by highlighting the trends across the experimental studies, and discuss challenges and promising directions in this domain of active current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis Gopal Banerjee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Doganay O, Xu Y. Electric-field induced strain in biological tissues. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010; 128:EL261-EL267. [PMID: 21110536 DOI: 10.1121/1.3501110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a new effect whereby a physiological-level direct-current electrical field (at 1.4 V/cm) can induce time-varying mechanical strain in various types of biological tissues and gel phantoms. This effect cannot be explained by the piezoelectric effect, tissue contraction, temperature changes, and electrorestriction. The induced strain in tissues was analyzed by processing ultrasound echo signals. The sample expanded perpendicularly to the applied electric field. The expansion rate depended on the history of the applied electric field. The speed of sound changed little compared with the expansion. The new effect might be related to electrokinetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Doganay
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario M5B2K3, Canada.
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Zeta potential of motile spores of the green algaUlva linzaand the influence of electrostatic interactions on spore settlement and adhesion strength. Biointerphases 2009; 4:7-11. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Elastic and viscoelastic characterization of microcapsules for drug delivery using a force-feedback MEMS microgripper. Biomed Microdevices 2008; 11:421-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-008-9248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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