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Chen H, Xie Y, Zhang M, Huang J, Jiang W, Zhang R, Li C, Du X, Chen H, Nie Q, Liang S, Tan Q, Yang J, Jin M, Huang S, Kuang L, Su N, Qi H, Luo X, Xu X, Deng C, Chen L, Luo F. An Hsp70 promoter-based mouse for heat shock-induced gene modulation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:693-707. [PMID: 38492027 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02433-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Physical therapy is extensively employed in clinical settings. Nevertheless, the absence of suitable animal models has resulted in an incomplete understanding of the in vivo mechanisms and cellular distribution that respond to physical stimuli. The objective of this research was to create a mouse model capable of indicating the cells affected by physical stimuli. In this study, we successfully established a mouse line based on the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) promoter, wherein the expression of CreERT2 can be induced by physical stimuli. Following stimulation of the mouse tail, ear, or cultured calvarias with heat shock (generated by heating, ultrasound, or laser), a distinct Cre-mediated excision was observed in cells stimulated by these physical factors with minimal occurrence of leaky reporter expression. The application of heat shock to Hsp70-CreERT2; FGFR2-P253R double transgenic mice or Hsp70-CreERT2 mice infected with AAV-BMP4 at calvarias induced the activation of Cre-dependent mutant FGFR2-P253R or BMP4 respectively, thereby facilitating the premature closure of cranial sutures or the repair of calvarial defects. This novel mouse line holds significant potential for investigating the underlying mechanisms of physical therapy, tissue repair and regeneration, lineage tracing, and targeted modulation of gene expression of cells in local tissue stimulated by physical factor at the interested time points. KEY MESSAGES: In the study, an Hsp70-CreERT2 transgenic mouse was generated for heat shock-induced gene modulation. Heat shock, ultrasound, and laser stimulation effectively activated Cre expression in Hsp70-CreERT2; reporter mice, which leads to deletion of floxed DNA sequence in the tail, ear, and cultured calvaria tissues of mice. Local laser stimuli on cultured calvarias effectively induce Fgfr2-P253R expression in Hsp70-mTmG-Fgfr2-P253R mice and result in accelerated premature closure of cranial suture. Heat shock activated AAV9-FLEX-BMP4 expression and subsequently promoted the repair of calvarial defect of Hsp70-CreERT2; Rosa26-mTmG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangang Chen
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Junlan Huang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wanling Jiang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ruobin Zhang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Can Li
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiaolan Du
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qiang Nie
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Sen Liang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Nan Su
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huabing Qi
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Laboratory of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Multilayer In Vitro Human Skin Tissue Platforms for Quantitative Burn Injury Investigation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020265. [PMID: 36829759 PMCID: PMC9952576 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a multilayer in vitro human skin platform to quantitatively relate predicted spatial time-temperature history with measured tissue injury response. This information is needed to elucidate high-temperature, short-duration burn injury kinetics and enables determination of relevant input parameters for computational models to facilitate treatment planning. Multilayer in vitro skin platforms were constructed using human dermal keratinocytes and fibroblasts embedded in collagen I hydrogels. After three seconds of contact with a 50-100 °C burn tip, ablation, cell death, apoptosis, and HSP70 expression were spatially measured using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Finite element modeling was performed using the measured thermal characteristics of skin platforms to determine the temperature distribution within platforms over time. The process coefficients for the Arrhenius thermal injury model describing tissue ablation and cell death were determined such that the predictions calculated from the time-temperature histories fit the experimental burn results. The activation energy for thermal collagen ablation and cell death was found to be significantly lower for short-duration, high-temperature burns than those found for long-duration, low-temperature burns. Analysis of results suggests that different injury mechanisms dominate at higher temperatures, necessitating burn research in the temperature ranges of interest and demonstrating the practicality of the proposed skin platform for this purpose.
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Torii S, Rakic P. Tracking the Activation of Heat Shock Signaling in Cellular Protection and Damage. Cells 2022; 11:1561. [PMID: 35563865 PMCID: PMC9104565 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock (HS) signaling is activated in response to various types of cellular stress. This activation serves to protect cells from immediate threats in the surrounding environment. However, activation of HS signaling occurs in a heterogeneous manner within each cell population and can alter the epigenetic state of the cell, ultimately leading to long-term abnormalities in body function. Here, we summarize recent research findings obtained using molecular and genetic tools to track cells where HS signaling is activated. We then discuss the potential further applications of these tools, their limitations, and the necessary caveats in interpreting data obtained with these tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasko Rakic
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
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Herpes Simplex Viruses Whose Replication Can Be Deliberately Controlled as Candidate Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020230. [PMID: 32443425 PMCID: PMC7349925 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, we have been evaluating a novel paradigm for immunization using viruses or virus-based vectors. Safety is provided not by attenuation or inactivation of vaccine viruses, but by the introduction into the viral genomes of genetic mechanisms that allow for stringent, deliberate spatial and temporal control of virus replication. The resulting replication-competent controlled viruses (RCCVs) can be activated to undergo one or, if desired, several rounds of efficient replication at the inoculation site, but are nonreplicating in the absence of activation. Extrapolating from observations that attenuated replicating viruses are better immunogens than replication-defective or inactivated viruses, it was hypothesized that RCCVs that replicate with wild-type-like efficiency when activated will be even better immunogens. The vigorous replication of the RCCVs should also render heterologous antigens expressed from them highly immunogenic. RCCVs for administration to skin sites or mucosal membranes were constructed using a virulent wild-type HSV-1 strain as the backbone. The recombinants are activated by a localized heat treatment to the inoculation site in the presence of a small-molecule regulator (SMR). Derivatives expressing influenza virus antigens were also prepared. Immunization/challenge experiments in mouse models revealed that the activated RCCVs induced far better protective immune responses against themselves as well as against the heterologous antigens they express than unactivated RCCVs or a replication-defective HSV-1 strain. Neutralizing antibody and proliferation responses mirrored these findings. We believe that the data obtained so far warrant further research to explore the possibility of developing effective RCCV-based vaccines directed to herpetic diseases and/or diseases caused by other pathogens.
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Forjanic T, Markelc B, Marcan M, Bellard E, Couillaud F, Golzio M, Miklavci D. Electroporation-Induced Stress Response and Its Effect on Gene Electrotransfer Efficacy: In Vivo Imaging and Numerical Modeling. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:2671-2683. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2894659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chen F, Bao H, Xie H, Tian G, Jiang T. Heat shock protein expression and autophagy after incomplete thermal ablation and their correlation. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 36:95-103. [PMID: 30428719 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1536285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a model of incomplete ablation in nude mice with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate heat shock protein (HSP) expression and autophagy and their correlation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the first stage, 12 nude mice with HCC were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6). A sham puncture operation was performed for one group, and palliative laser ablation was performed for the other group. All mice were sacrificed after 18 h, and HSP expression, autophagy, and apoptosis were assessed. In the second stage, 16 nude mice with HCC were randomly divided into two groups (n = 8). One group was given an HSP90 inhibitor before the operation, and the other group was given dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a control. HSP expression, autophagy and apoptosis were assessed for the two groups after palliative laser ablation. RESULTS In the incomplete ablation model, using nude mice with HCC, HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27 expression was up-regulated, Akt and mTOR phosphorylation was enhanced, autophagy was decreased, and apoptosis was increased. After administration of the HSP90 inhibitor, HSP90, P-Akt, and P-mTOR expression was decreased, autophagy was increased, and apoptosis was further increased. CONCLUSION Autophagy was decreased in the incomplete ablation model and might be inversely correlated with HSP expression. It is suggested that the HSP90/Akt/mTOR pathway is involved in signal transmission between autophagy and HSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Chen
- a Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Haiwei Bao
- a Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- a Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Guo Tian
- a Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Tianan Jiang
- a Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
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Voellmy R, Zürcher O, Zürcher M, de Viragh PA, Hall AK, Roberts SM. Targeted heat activation of HSP promoters in the skin of mammalian animals and humans. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:455-466. [PMID: 29417383 PMCID: PMC6045553 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of highly inducible HSP promoters for exerting spatial and/or temporal control over the expression of therapeutic transgenes has long been discussed. Localized and time-limited induction of the heat shock response may potentially also be of medical interest. However, such applications would require targeted delivery of heat doses capable of activating HSP promoters in tissues or organs of interest. Accessible areas, including the skin and tissues immediately underneath it, may be most readily targeted. A few applications for heat-directed or heat-controlled therapy in the skin might involve expression of proteins to restore or protect normal skin function, protein antigens for vaccination/immunotherapy, vaccine viruses or even systemically active proteins, e.g., cytokines and chemokines. A review of the literature relating to localized heat activation of HSP promoters and HSP genes in the skin revealed that a multitude of different technologies has been explored in small animal models. In contrast, we uncovered few publications that examine HSP promoter activation in human skin. None of these publications has a therapeutic focus. We present herein two, clinically relevant, developments of heating technologies that effectively activate HSP promoters in targeted regions of human skin. The first development advances a system that is capable of reliably activating HSP promoters in human scalp, in particular in hair follicles. The second development outlines a simple, robust, and inexpensive methodology for locally activating HSP promoters in small, defined skin areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Voellmy
- HSF Pharmaceuticals S.A., 1814 La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Olivier Zürcher
- HSF Pharmaceuticals S.A., 1814 La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland
| | - Manon Zürcher
- HSF Pharmaceuticals S.A., 1814 La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland
| | - Pierre A. de Viragh
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexis K. Hall
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Stephen M. Roberts
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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Kwon TR, Kim JH, Seok J, Kim JM, Bak DH, Choi MJ, Mun SK, Kim CW, Ahn S, Kim BJ. Fractional CO2
laser treatment for vaginal laxity: A preclinical study. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:940-947. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Rin Kwon
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
| | - Joon Seok
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Bak
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
| | - Mi-Ji Choi
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
| | - Seok Kyun Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Chan Woong Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | | | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; 102 Heukseokro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 156-755 Korea
- Department of Medicine; Graduate School; Chung-Ang University; Seoul Korea
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Bogen KT. Linear-No-Threshold Default Assumptions are Unwarranted for Cytotoxic Endpoints Independently Triggered by Ultrasensitive Molecular Switches. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2017; 37:1808-1816. [PMID: 28437864 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Crump's response in this issue to my critique of linear-no-threshold (LNT) default assumptions for noncancer and nongenotoxic cancer risks (Risk Analysis 2016; 36(3):589-604) is rebutted herein. Crump maintains that distinguishing between a low-dose linear dose response and a threshold dose response on the basis of dose-response data is impossible even for endpoints involving increased cytotoxicity. My rebuttal relies on descriptions and specific illustrations of two well-characterized ultrasensitive molecular switches that govern two key cytoprotective responses to cellular stress-heat shock response and antioxidant response element activation, respectively-each of which serve to suppress stress-induced apoptotic cell death unless overwhelmed. Because detailed dose-response data for each endpoint is shown to be J- or inverted-J-shaped with high confidence, and because independent pathways can explain background rates of apoptosis, LNT assumptions for this cytotoxic endpoint are unwarranted, at least in some cases and perhaps generally.
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Tan RP, Lee BS, Chan AH, Yuen SCG, Hung J, Wise SG, Ng MK. Non-invasive tracking of injected bone marrow mononuclear cells to injury and implanted biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:378-388. [PMID: 28167301 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial scaffolds enhancing the engraftment of transplanted bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) have enormous potential for tissue regeneration applications. However, development of appropriate materials is challenging given the precise microenvironments required to support BM-MNC engraftment and function. In this study, we have developed a non-invasive, real-time tracking model of injected BM-MNC engraftment to wounds and implanted biomaterial scaffolds. BM-MNCs, encoded with firefly luciferase and enhanced GFP reporter genes, were tail vein injected into subcutaneously wounded mice. Luciferase-dependent cell bioluminescence curves revealed our injected BM-MNCs homed to and engrafted within subcutaneous wound sites over the course of 21days. Further immunohistochemical characterization showed that these engrafted cells drove functional changes by increasing the number of immune cells present at early time points and remodelling cell phenotypes at later time points. Using this model, we subcutaneously implanted electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL/Collagen scaffolds, to determine differences in exogenous BM-MNC response to these materials. Following BM-MNC injection, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a high exogenous BM-MNC density around the periphery of PCL scaffolds consistent with a classical foreign body response. In contrast, transplanted BM-MNCs engrafted throughout PCL/Collagen scaffolds indicating an improved biological response. Importantly, these differences were closely correlated with the real-time bioluminescence curves, with PCL/Collagen scaffolds exhibiting a∼2-fold increase in maximum bioluminescence compared with PCL scaffolds. Collectively, these results demonstrate a new longitudinal cell tracking model that can non-invasively determine transplanted BM-MNC homing and engraftment to biomaterials, providing a valuable tool to inform the design scaffolds that help augment current BM-MNC tissue engineering strategies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Tracking the dynamic behaviour of transplanted bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) is a long-standing research goal. Conventional methods involving contrast and tracer agents interfere with cellular function while also yielding false signals. The use of bioluminescence addresses these shortcomings while allowing for real-time non-invasive tracking in vivo. Given the failures of transplanted BM-MNCs to engraft into injured tissue, biomaterial scaffolds capable of attracting and enhancing BM-MNC engraftment at sites of injury are highly sought in numerous tissue engineering applications. To this end, the results from this study demonstrate a new longitudinal tracking model that can non-invasively determine exogenous BM-MNC homing and engraftment to biomaterials, providing a valuable tool to inform the design of scaffolds with implications for countless tissue engineering applications.
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Philandrianos C, Bertrand B, Andrac-Meyer L, Magalon G, Casanova D, Kerfant N, Mordon S. Treatment of keloid scars with a 1210-nm diode laser in an animal model. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:798-806. [PMID: 26437851 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A temperature increase can improve wound healing by activation of heat shock protein 70 and stimulation of fibroblasts. Since keloids are a dysfunction of collagen fiber synthesis and organization, this study aimed to evaluate if a 1,210 nm diode laser could have effects in a new animal model of keloid scars. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 39 nude mice were used for this study. Phototypes IV and V human keloids were grafted into their backs and after 1 month of healing, the mice were divided into four groups: Control, Laser, Resection, Resection/Laser. In the Laser group, the keloids were treated with a 1,210-nm diode-laser with the following parameters: 4 W; 10 seconds; fluence: 51 J/cm(2) ; spot: 18.9 × 3.7 mm(2) . In the Resection group, surgical intra-lesional excision was performed. In the Resection/Laser group, keloids were treated with the 1,210-nm laser-diode after surgical intra-lesional excision. Temperature measurements were made during the laser treatment. Clinical examination and histological study were performed on the day of treatment and 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months later. RESULTS Mean temperature measurement was of 44.8°C (42-48°) in the Laser groups. No healing complications or keloid proliferation was observed in any group. Keloid histologic characters were confirmed in all grafts. No histologic particularity was observed in the laser groups in comparison with the Control and Resection groups. CONCLUSION First, this keloid animal model appears to be adapted for laser study. Secondly, the 1,210-nm diode laser does not induce keloid thermal damage in vivo. Further studies with different 1,210-nm laser diode parameters should be performed in order to observe significant effects on keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baptiste Bertrand
- Department of Plastic Surgery, AP-HM, Marseille, 13915, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Lucile Andrac-Meyer
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Pathology, AP-HM, Marseille, 13915, France
| | - Guy Magalon
- Department of Plastic Surgery, AP-HM, Marseille, 13915, France
| | - Dominique Casanova
- Department of Plastic Surgery, AP-HM, Marseille, 13915, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Ad’hiah AH, Al-Ameri LMH, Maki AM, Wang Q, ALQaisi MH. Modulating Heat Shock Proteins 70 and 90 Expression by Low Power Laser Irradiation (635nm and 780nm) in Jurkat E6.1 T-lymphocyte Leukemia Cell Line. J Lasers Med Sci 2015; 6:17-21. [PMID: 25699163 PMCID: PMC4329137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones involved in protein folding, stability and turnover, and due to their role in cancer progression, the effect of low power laser irradiation (LPLI) on the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 in Jurkat E6.1 T-lymphocyte leukemia (JELT) cell line was investigated in vitro. METHODS JETL cells were irradiated with LPLI at 635nm and 780m wavelengths (energy density 9.174 J/cm(2)), and assessed for the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 by flow cytometry after 24, 48 and 72 incubation time periods (ITPs). RESULTS At 24 hours ITP post-irradiation, control cultures showed that 10.7% of cells expressed HSP70, while LPLI cultures at 635nm and 780nm manifested a higher expression (32.1and 21.3%, respectively), and the difference was significant (P ≤ 0.05). However, at 48 hours ITP, the three means were decreased but approximated (5.6, 4.9 and 6.2%, respectively), while at 72 hours ITP, they were markedly increased (45.2, 76.5 and 66.7%, respectively). In contrast, HSP90 responded differently to LPLI. At 24 hours ITP, control cultures and 780nm cultures showed a similar expression (55.9 and 55.9%, respectively), but both means were significantly higher than that of 635nm cultures (24.0%). No such difference was observed at 48 hours ITP, and at 72 hours ITP, control cultures and 635nm cultures shared approximated means (31.7 and 35.6%, respectively); but both means were significantly higher than the observed mean in 780nm cultures (15.2%). CONCLUSION The results highlighted that HSP70 and HSP90 expression responded differently to LPLI in JETL cells; an observation that may pave the way for further investigations in malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hussein Ad’hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Jadirya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Amel Mustfa Maki
- Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Dai S, Tang Z, Cao J, Zhou W, Li H, Sampson S, Dai C. Suppression of the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response by the metabolic stress sensor AMPK. EMBO J 2014; 34:275-93. [PMID: 25425574 PMCID: PMC4339117 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous extrinsic and intrinsic insults trigger the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an ancient transcriptional program that is essential to proteostasis and survival under such conditions. In contrast to its well-recognized mobilization by proteotoxic stress, little is known about how this powerful adaptive mechanism reacts to other stresses. Surprisingly, we discovered that metabolic stress suppresses the PSR. This suppression is largely mediated through the central metabolic sensor AMPK, which physically interacts with and phosphorylates HSF1 at Ser121. Through AMPK activation, metabolic stress represses HSF1, rendering cells vulnerable to proteotoxic stress. Conversely, proteotoxic stress inactivates AMPK and thereby interferes with the metabolic stress response. Importantly, metformin, a metabolic stressor and popular anti-diabetic drug, inactivates HSF1 and provokes proteotoxic stress within tumor cells, thereby impeding tumor growth. Thus, these findings uncover a novel interplay between the metabolic stress sensor AMPK and the proteotoxic stress sensor HSF1 that profoundly impacts stress resistance, proteostasis, and malignant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Zijian Tang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA Graduate Programs, Department of Molecular & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Junyue Cao
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Huawen Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
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Shin JU, Gantsetseg D, Jung JY, Jung I, Shin S, Lee JH. Comparison of non-ablative and ablative fractional laser treatments in a postoperative scar study. Lasers Surg Med 2014; 46:741-9. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung U Shin
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - Dorjsuren Gantsetseg
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - Jin Young Jung
- Yeouido Oracle Cosmetic & Dermatologic Surgery Clinic; Seoul South Korea
| | - Inhee Jung
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - Sungsik Shin
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
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15
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Fortin PY, Genevois C, Chapolard M, Santalucía T, Planas AM, Couillaud F. Dual-reporter in vivo imaging of transient and inducible heat-shock promoter activation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:457-467. [PMID: 24575340 PMCID: PMC3920876 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gene promoter activity can be studied in vivo by molecular imaging methods using reporter gene technology. Transcription of the reporter and the reported genes occurs simultaneously. However, imaging depends on reporter protein translation, stability, and cellular fate that may differ among the various proteins. A double transgenic mouse strain expressing the firefly luciferase (lucF) and fluorescent mPlum protein under the transcriptional control of the thermo-inducible heat-shock protein (Hspa1b) promoter was generated allowing to follow up the reporter proteins by different and complementary in vivo imaging technologies. These mice were used for in vivo imaging by bioluminescence and epi fluorescence reflectance imaging (BLI & FRI) and as a source of embryonic fibroblast (MEF) for in vitro approaches. LucF, mPlum and endogenous Hsp70 mRNAs were transcribed simultaneously. The increase in mRNA was transient, peaking at 3 h and then returning to the basal level about 6 h after the thermal stimulations. The bioluminescent signal was transient and initiated with a 3 h delay versus mRNA expression. The onset of mPlum fluorescence was more delayed, increasing slowly up to 30 h after heat-shock and remaining for several days. This mouse allows for both bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and fluorescence reflectance imaging (FRI) of Hsp70 promoter activation showing an early and transient lucF activity and a retrospective and persistent mPlum fluorescence. This transgenic mouse will allow following the transient local induction of Hsp-70 promoter beyond its induction time-frame and relate into subsequent dynamic biological effects of the heat-shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Yves Fortin
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle (IMF), Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 5231, Université Bordeaux2, France ; IBIO, Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 3428, Université Bordeaux 2, France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle (IMF), Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 5231, Université Bordeaux2, France ; IBIO, Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 3428, Université Bordeaux 2, France
| | - Mathilde Chapolard
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle (IMF), Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 5231, Université Bordeaux2, France
| | - Tomàs Santalucía
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institute for Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna M Planas
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institute for Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franck Couillaud
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle (IMF), Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 5231, Université Bordeaux2, France ; . Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (RMSB), Université Bordeaux Segalen, CNRS/UMR 5536, Université Bordeaux 2, France
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16
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Paasch U, Haedersdal M. Laser systems for ablative fractional resurfacing. Expert Rev Med Devices 2014; 8:67-83. [DOI: 10.1586/erd.10.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Sajjadi AY, Mitra K, Grace M. Expression of heat shock proteins 70 and 47 in tissues following short-pulse laser irradiation: Assessment of thermal damage and healing. Med Eng Phys 2013; 35:1406-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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18
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Luke GA, Ryan MD. The protein coexpression problem in biotechnology and biomedicine: virus 2A and 2A-like sequences provide a solution. Future Virol 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.13.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology enables us to create genes virtually at will. Ensuring that multiple genes are efficiently coexpressed within the same cell in order to assemble multimeric complexes, transfer biochemical pathways and transfer traits is more problematic. Viruses such as picornaviruses accomplish exactly this task: they generate multiple different proteins from a single open reading frame. The study of how foot-and-mouth disease virus controls its protein biogenesis led to the discovery of a short oligopeptide sequence, ‘2A’, that is able to mediate a cotranslational cleavage between proteins. 2A and ‘2A-like’ sequences (from other viruses and cellular sequences) can be used to concatenate multiple gene sequences into a single gene, ensuring their coexpression within the same cell. These sequences are now being used in the treatment of cancer, in the production of pluripotent stem cells, and to create transgenic plants and animals among a host of other biotechnological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry A Luke
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Martin D Ryan
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
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19
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Lee SH, Roh MR, Jung JY, Jee H, Nam KA, Chung KY. Effect of Subdermal 1,444-nm Pulsed Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser on the Nasolabial Folds and Cheek Laxity. Dermatol Surg 2013; 39:1067-78. [DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Roura S, Gálvez-Montón C, Bayes-Genis A. Bioluminescence imaging: a shining future for cardiac regeneration. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:693-703. [PMID: 23402217 PMCID: PMC3823173 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in bioanalytical techniques have become crucial for both basic research and medical practice. One example, bioluminescence imaging (BLI), is based on the application of natural reactants with light-emitting capabilities (photoproteins and luciferases) isolated from a widespread group of organisms. The main challenges in cardiac regeneration remain unresolved, but a vast number of studies have harnessed BLI with the discovery of aequorin and green fluorescent proteins. First described in the luminous hydromedusan Aequorea victoria in the early 1960s, bioluminescent proteins have greatly contributed to the design and initiation of ongoing cell-based clinical trials on cardiovascular diseases. In conjunction with advances in reporter gene technology, BLI provides valuable information about the location and functional status of regenerative cells implanted into numerous animal models of disease. The purpose of this review was to present the great potential of BLI, among other existing imaging modalities, to refine effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of cardiac cell therapy. We recount the first discovery of natural primary compounds with light-emitting capabilities, and follow their applications to bioanalysis. We also illustrate insights and perspectives on BLI to illuminate current efforts in cardiac regeneration, where the future is bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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21
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Hood RL, Rossmeisl JH, Andriani RT, Wilkinson AR, Robertson JL, Rylander CG. Intracranial hyperthermia through local photothermal heating with a fiberoptic microneedle device. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:167-74. [PMID: 23390044 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The fiberoptic microneedle device (FMD) seeks to leverage advantages of both laser-induced thermal therapy (LITT) and convection-enhanced delivery (CED) to increase volumetric dispersal of locally infused chemotherapeutics through sub-lethal photothermal heat generation. This study focused on determination of photothermal damage thresholds with 1,064 nm light delivered through the FMD into in vivo rat models. MATERIALS AND METHODS FMDs capable of co-delivering laser energy and fluid agents were fabricated through a novel off-center splicing technique involving fusion of a multimode fiberoptic to light-guiding capillary tubing. FMDs were positioned at a depth of 2.5 mm within the cerebrum of male rats with fluoroptic temperature probes placed within 1 mm of the FMD tip. Irradiation (without fluid infusion) was conducted at laser powers of 0 (sham), 100, 200, 500, or 750 mW. Evans blue-serum albumin conjugated complex solution (EBA) and laser energy co-delivery were performed in a second set of preliminary experiments. RESULTS Maximum, steady-state temperatures of 38.7 ± 1.6 and 42.0 ± 0.9 °C were measured for the 100 and 200 mW experimental groups, respectively. Histological investigation demonstrated needle insertion damage alone for sham and 100 mW irradiations. Photothermal damage was detected at 200 mW, although observable thermal damage was limited to a small penumbra of cerebral cortical microcavitation and necrosis that immediately surrounded the region of FMD insertion. Co-delivery of EBA and laser energy presented increased volumetric dispersal relative to infusion-only controls. CONCLUSION Fluoroptic temperature sensing and histopathological assessments demonstrated that a laser power of 100 mW results in sub-lethal brain hyperthermia, and the optimum, sub-lethal target energy range is likely 100-200 mW. The preliminary FMD-CED experiments confirmed the feasibility of augmenting fluid dispersal using slight photothermal heat generation, demonstrating the FMD's potential as a way to increase the efficacy of CED in treating MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lyle Hood
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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22
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Hundt W, Schink C, Steinbach S, O'Connell-Rodwell CE, Mayer D, Burbelko M, Kießling A, Guccione S. Use of in vivo bioluminescence and MRI to determine hyperthermia-induced changes in luciferase activity under the control of an hsp70 promoter. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:1378-1391. [PMID: 22566294 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the in vivo effect of hyperthermia on the expression of heat shock proteins and MRI changes in three tumor cell lines. Three tumor cell lines (SCCVII, NIH3T3, M21) were transfected with a plasmid containing the heat shock protein 70 gene (hsp70) promoter fragment and the luciferase reporter gene, and injected into mice. Tumors of 1100 mm³ in size were exposed to five different temperatures (38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 °C) in a water bath. Bioluminescence and MRI were performed at set time intervals. The MRI scan protocol was as follows: T₁-weighted spin echo ± contrast medium, T₂-weighted fast spin echo, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence, T₂ time obtained on a 1.5T General Electric MRI scanner. Immunoblotting was also performed. hsp70 transcription was strongly induced at 42 and 44 °C, reaching values as high as 8531.5 ± 432.1-fold above baseline in NIH3T3 tumors. At these temperatures, significant increases in the uptake of contrast medium, slope of initial enhancement, Ak(ep) values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were observed in the 8-h scan of the NIH3T3 cell line. In SCCVII tumors, ADC increased by about 23% (p = 0.010) in the scans performed at 8, 24, 48 and 96 h. At 46 °C, luciferase activity was reduced significantly in the three cell lines. In all tumor types, a significant increase in ADC was observed, which was highest in SCCVII tumors (33.8%; p < 0.01). In accordance with the bioluminescence results, significant Hsp70 protein production was shown by immunoblot analysis. The best correlation coefficient between luciferase activity and immunoblotting results was found for M21 tumors (r = 0.93, p < 0.0001). Different tissue types display distinct patterns of hsp70 transcription. MRI can be used, in combination with optical imaging, to provide information on hsp70 transcription and protein production. The major finding of the present study was that heat-related biochemical changes in tumor tissue can be determined by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Hundt
- Department of Radiology, Lucas MRS Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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23
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Deckers R, Debeissat C, Fortin PY, Moonen CT, Couillaud F. Arrhenius analysis of the relationship between hyperthermia and Hsp70 promoter activation: A comparison betweenex vivoandin vivodata. Int J Hyperthermia 2012; 28:441-50. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2012.674620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Rylander MN, Stafford RJ, Hazle J, Whitney J, Diller KR. Heat shock protein expression and temperature distribution in prostate tumours treated with laser irradiation and nanoshells. Int J Hyperthermia 2011; 27:791-801. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2011.607485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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25
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Mackanos MA, Contag CH. Pulse duration determines levels of Hsp70 induction in tissues following laser irradiation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:078002. [PMID: 21806294 DOI: 10.1117/1.3600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Induction of heat shock protein (Hsp) expression correlates with cytoprotection, reduced tissue damage, and accelerated healing in animal models. Since Hsps are transcriptionally activated in response to stress, they can act as stress indicators in burn injury or surgical procedures that produce heat and thermal change. A fast in vivo readout for induction of Hsp transcription in tissues would allow for the study of these proteins as therapeutic effect mediators and reporters of thermal stress∕damage. We used a transgenic reporter mouse in which a luciferase expression is controlled by the regulatory region of the inducible 70 kilodalton (kDa) Hsp as a rapid readout of cellular responses to laser-mediated thermal stress∕injury in mouse skin. We assessed the pulse duration dependence of the Hsp70 expression after irradiation with a CO(2) laser at 10.6 μm in wavelength over a range of 1000 to 1 ms. Hsp70 induction varied with changes in laser pulse durations and radiant exposures, which defined the ranges at which thermal activation of Hsp70 can be used to protect cells from subsequent stress, and reveals the window of thermal stress that tissues can endure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Mackanos
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Clark Center E-150, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5427, USA
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26
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Mackanos MA, Helms M, Kalish F, Contag CH. Image-guided genomic analysis of tissue response to laser-induced thermal stress. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:058001. [PMID: 21639585 PMCID: PMC3107838 DOI: 10.1117/1.3573387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The cytoprotective response to thermal injury is characterized by transcriptional activation of "heat shock proteins" (hsp) and proinflammatory proteins. Expression of these proteins may predict cellular survival. Microarray analyses were performed to identify spatially distinct gene expression patterns responding to thermal injury. Laser injury zones were identified by expression of a transgene reporter comprised of the 70 kD hsp gene and the firefly luciferase coding sequence. Zones included the laser spot, the surrounding region where hsp70-luc expression was increased, and a region adjacent to the surrounding region. A total of 145 genes were up-regulated in the laser irradiated region, while 69 were up-regulated in the adjacent region. At 7 hours the chemokine Cxcl3 was the highest expressed gene in the laser spot (24 fold) and adjacent region (32 fold). Chemokines were the most common up-regulated genes identified. Microarray gene expression was successfully validated using qRT- polymerase chain reaction for selected genes of interest. The early response genes are likely involved in cytoprotection and initiation of the healing response. Their regulatory elements will benefit creating the next generation reporter mice and controlling expression of therapeutic proteins. The identified genes serve as drug development targets that may prevent acute tissue damage and accelerate healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Mackanos
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Clark Center E-150, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5427, USA
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27
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Ginet P, Montagne K, Akiyama S, Rajabpour A, Taniguchi A, Fujii T, Sakai Y, Kim B, Fourmy D, Volz S. Towards single cell heat shock response by accurate control on thermal confinement with an on-chip microwire electrode. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:1513-1520. [PMID: 21394336 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00701c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Metal electrodes with micron scale width enable the heating of less than a dozen cells in a confluent layer at predictable temperatures up to 85 °C with an accuracy of ±2 °C. Those performances were obtained by a preliminary robust temperature calibration based on biotin-rhodamine fluorescence and by controlling the temperature map on the substrate through thermal modeling. The temperature accuracy was proved by inducing the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) in a few NIH-3T3 cells through a confined and precise temperature rise. Our device is therefore effective to locally induce a heat shock response with almost single-cell resolution. Furthermore, we show that cells heated at a higher temperature than the one of heat shock remain alive without producing HSP. Electrode deposition being one of the most common engineering processes, the fabrication of electrode arrays with a simple control circuit is clearly within reach for parallel testing. This should enable the study of several key mechanisms such as cell heat shock, death or signaling. In nanomedicine, controlled drug release by external stimuli such as for example temperature has attracted much attention. Our device could allow fast and efficient testing of thermoactivable drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ginet
- Laboratory of Integrated Micro and Mechatronics Systems/IIS UMI CNRS 2820, Institute of Industrial Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Helbig D, Paasch U. Molecular changes during skin aging and wound healing after fractional ablative photothermolysis. Skin Res Technol 2011; 17:119-28. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2010.00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Close DM, Xu T, Sayler GS, Ripp S. In vivo bioluminescent imaging (BLI): noninvasive visualization and interrogation of biological processes in living animals. SENSORS 2010; 11:180-206. [PMID: 22346573 PMCID: PMC3274065 DOI: 10.3390/s110100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In vivo bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is increasingly being utilized as a method for modern biological research. This process, which involves the noninvasive interrogation of living animals using light emitted from luciferase-expressing bioreporter cells, has been applied to study a wide range of biomolecular functions such as gene function, drug discovery and development, cellular trafficking, protein-protein interactions, and especially tumorigenesis, cancer treatment, and disease progression. This article will review the various bioreporter/biosensor integrations of BLI and discuss how BLI is being applied towards a new visual understanding of biological processes within the living organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Close
- The Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 676 Dabney Hall, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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30
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Rylander MN, Feng Y, Zimmermann K, Diller KR. Measurement and mathematical modeling of thermally induced injury and heat shock protein expression kinetics in normal and cancerous prostate cells. Int J Hyperthermia 2010; 26:748-64. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2010.486778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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31
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Prescher JA, Contag CH. Guided by the light: visualizing biomolecular processes in living animals with bioluminescence. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 14:80-9. [PMID: 19962933 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 11/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) exploits the light-emitting properties of luciferase enzymes for monitoring cells and biomolecular processes in living subjects. Luciferases can be incorporated into a variety of non-luminescent hosts and used to track cells, visualize gene expression, and analyze collections of biomolecules. This article highlights recent applications of BLI to studies of mammalian biology, along with the development of novel bioluminescent probes to 'see' cells and molecules in action. Collectively, these efforts are expanding our understanding of living systems and shedding light on the molecular underpinnings of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Prescher
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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32
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Helbig D, Bodendorf MO, Grunewald S, Kendler M, Simon JC, Paasch U. Immunohistochemical investigation of wound healing in response to fractional photothermolysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:064044. [PMID: 20059282 DOI: 10.1117/1.3275479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing clinical evidence of ablative fractional photothermolysis (AFP), little is known about the spatiotemporal molecular changes within the targeted compartments. Six subjects received three different single AFP treatments using a scanned 250 mum CO(2)-laser beam. Spatiotemporal changes of skin regeneration were estimated by immunohistochemical investigation (HSP70, HSP72, HSP47, TGFbeta, procollagen III, CD3, CD20, and CD68) in skin samples 1 h, 3 days, and 14 days postintervention. The remodeling was uniformly started by regrowth of the epidermal compartment followed by partial to complete replacement of the microscopic ablation zones (MAZ) by newly synthesized condensed procollagen III. From day 3 to 14, the number of macrophages as well as giant cells surrounding the MAZ increased. TGFbeta expression was highest 1 h to 3 days following AFP. HSP70 and HSP72 expressions were highest 3-14 days postintervention in the spinocellular layer leading to an upregulation of HSP47. AFP performed by a scanned CO(2)-laser results in an early epidermal remodeling, which is followed by a dermal remodeling leading to a replacement of the MAZ with newly synthesized (pro)-collagen. During this, an inflammatory infiltrate with CD3(+) and CD20(+) cells surrounds the MAZ. The count of macrophages and giant cells involved in the replacement of the necrotic zones seems to be crucial for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Helbig
- University of Leipzig, Department for Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, Philipp-Rosenthal-Strasse 23, Leipzig 04103 Germany
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Mackanos MA, Larabi M, Shinde R, Simanovskii DM, Guccione S, Contag CH. Laser-induced disruption of systemically administered liposomes for targeted drug delivery. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:044009. [PMID: 19725721 DOI: 10.1117/1.3174410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Liposomal formulations of drugs have been shown to enhance drug efficacy by prolonging circulation time, increasing local concentration and reducing off-target effects. Controlled release from these formulations would increase their utility, and hyperthermia has been explored as a stimulus for targeted delivery of encapsulated drugs. Use of lasers as a thermal source could provide improved control over the release of the drug from the liposomes with minimal collateral tissue damage. Appropriate methods for assessing local release after systemic delivery would aid in testing and development of better formulations. We use in vivo bioluminescence imaging to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of luciferin, used as a model small molecule, and demonstrate laser-induced release from liposomes in animal models after systemic delivery. These liposomes were tested for luciferin release between 37 and 45 degrees C in PBS and serum using bioluminescence measurements. In vivo studies were performed on transgenic reporter mice that express luciferase constitutively throughout the body, thus providing a noninvasive readout for controlled release following systemic delivery. An Nd:YLF laser was used (527 nm) to heat tissues and induce rupture of the intravenously delivered liposomes in target tissues. These data demonstrate laser-mediated control of small molecule delivery using thermally sensitive liposomal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Mackanos
- Stanford Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, E-150 Clark Center, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Wilmink GJ, Opalenik SR, Beckham JT, Mackanos MA, Nanney LB, Contag CH, Davidson JM, Jansen ED. In-vivo optical imaging of hsp70 expression to assess collateral tissue damage associated with infrared laser ablation of skin. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2008; 13:054066. [PMID: 19021444 PMCID: PMC3840494 DOI: 10.1117/1.2992594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Laser surgical ablation is achieved by selecting laser parameters that remove confined volumes of target tissue and cause minimal collateral damage. Previous studies have measured the effects of wavelength on ablation, but neglected to measure the cellular impact of ablation on cells outside the lethal zone. In this study, we use optical imaging in addition to conventional assessment techniques to evaluate lethal and sublethal collateral damage after ablative surgery with a free-electron laser (FEL). Heat shock protein (HSP) expression is used as a sensitive quantitative marker of sublethal damage in a transgenic mouse strain, with the hsp70 promoter driving luciferase and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression (hsp70A1-L2G). To examine the wavelength dependence in the mid-IR, laser surgery is conducted on the hsp70A1-L2G mouse using wavelengths targeting water (OH stretch mode, 2.94 microm), protein (amide-II band, 6.45 microm), and both water and protein (amide-I band, 6.10 microm). For all wavelengths tested, the magnitude of hsp70 expression is dose-dependent and maximal 5 to 12 h after surgery. Tissues treated at 6.45 microm have approximately 4x higher hsp70 expression than 6.10 microm. Histology shows that under comparable fluences, tissue injury at the 2.94-microm wavelength was 2x and 3x deeper than 6.45 and 6.10 microm, respectively. The 6.10-microm wavelength generates the least amount of epidermal hyperplasia. Taken together, this data suggests that the 6.10-microm wavelength is a superior wavelength for laser ablation of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Wilmink
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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Kruse DE, Mackanos MA, O'Connell-Rodwell CE, Contag CH, Ferrara KW. Short-duration-focused ultrasound stimulation of Hsp70 expression in vivo. Phys Med Biol 2008; 53:3641-60. [PMID: 18562783 PMCID: PMC2763418 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/53/13/017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of transgenic reporter mice and advances in in vivo optical imaging have created unique opportunities to assess and analyze biological responses to thermal therapy directly in living tissues. Reporter mice incorporating the regulatory regions from the genes encoding the 70 kDa heat-shock proteins (Hsp70) and firefly luciferase (luc) as reporter genes can be used to non-invasively reveal gene activation in living tissues in response to thermal stress. High-intensity-focused ultrasound (HIFU) can deliver measured doses of acoustic energy to highly localized regions of tissue at intensities that are sufficient to stimulate Hsp70 expression. We report activation of Hsp70-luc expression using 1 s duration HIFU heating to stimulate gene expression in the skin of the transgenic reporter mouse. Hsp70 expression was tracked for 96 h following the application of 1.5 MHz continuous-wave ultrasound with spatial peak intensities ranging from 53 W cm(-2) up to 352 W cm(-2). The results indicated that peak Hsp70 expression is observed 6-48 h post-heating, with significant activity remaining at 96 h. Exposure durations were simulated using a finite-element model, and the predicted temperatures were found to be consistent with the observed Hsp70 expression patterns. Histological evaluation revealed that the thermal damage starts at the stratum corneum and extends deeper with increasing intensity. These results indicated that short-duration HIFU may be useful for inducing heat-shock expression, and that the period between treatments needs to be greater than 96 h due to the protective properties of Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Kruse
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Wilmink GJ, Opalenik SR, Beckham JT, Abraham AA, Nanney LB, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Davidson JM, Jansen ED. Molecular imaging-assisted optimization of hsp70 expression during laser-induced thermal preconditioning for wound repair enhancement. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 129:205-16. [PMID: 18580963 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Patients at risk for impaired healing may benefit from prophylactic measures aimed at improving wound repair. Several photonic devices claim to enhance repair by thermal and photochemical mechanisms. We hypothesized that laser-induced thermal preconditioning would enhance surgical wound healing that was correlated with hsp70 expression. Using a pulsed diode laser (lambda=1.85 microm, tau(p)=2 ms, 50 Hz, H=7.64 mJ cm(-2)), the skin of transgenic mice that contain an hsp70 promoter-driven luciferase was preconditioned 12 hours before surgical incisions were made. Laser protocols were optimized in vitro and in vivo using temperature, blood flow, and hsp70-mediated bioluminescence measurements as benchmarks. Biomechanical properties and histological parameters of wound healing were evaluated for up to 14 days. Bioluminescent imaging studies indicated that an optimized laser protocol increased hsp70 expression by 10-fold. Under these conditions, laser-preconditioned incisions were two times stronger than control wounds. Our data suggest that this molecular imaging approach provides a quantitative method for optimization of tissue preconditioning and that mild laser-induced heat shock may be a useful therapeutic intervention prior to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Wilmink
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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