1
|
Ma Q, Fan Y, Cui Y, Luo Z, Kang H. A Preliminary Study on Quantitative Analysis of Collagen and Apoptosis Related Protein on 1064 nm Laser-Induced Skin Injury. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:217. [PMID: 38666829 PMCID: PMC11048553 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the associated factors concerning collagen and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in porcine skin injuries induced by laser exposure, live pig skin was irradiated at multiple spots one time, using a grid-array method with a 1064 nm laser at different power outputs. The healing process of the laser-treated areas, alterations in collagen structure, and changes in apoptosis were continuously observed and analyzed from 6 h to 28 days post-irradiation. On the 28th day following exposure, wound contraction and recovery were notably sluggish in the medium-high dose group, displaying more premature and delicate type III collagen within the newly regenerated tissues. The collagen density in these groups was roughly 37-58% of that in the normal group. Between days 14 and 28 after irradiation, there was a substantial rise in apoptotic cell count in the forming epidermis and granulation tissue of the medium-high dose group, in contrast to the normal group. Notably, the expression of proapoptotic proteins Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 surged significantly 14 days after irradiation in the medium-high dose group and persisted at elevated levels on the 28th day. During the later stage of wound healing, augmented apoptotic cell population and insufficient collagen generation in the newly generated skin tissue of the medium-high dose group were closely associated with delayed wound recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (Q.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yingwei Fan
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Yufang Cui
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (Q.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhenkun Luo
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (Q.M.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hongxiang Kang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (Q.M.); (Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Chai C, Zuo H, Chen YH, Shi J, Ma C, Sawan M. Monte Carlo-Based Optical Simulation of Optical Distribution in Deep Brain Tissues Using Sixteen Optical Sources. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:260. [PMID: 38534534 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical-based imaging has improved from early single-location research to further sophisticated imaging in 2D topography and 3D tomography. These techniques have the benefit of high specificity and non-radiative safety for brain detection and therapy. However, their performance is limited by complex tissue structures. To overcome the difficulty in successful brain imaging applications, we conducted a simulation using 16 optical source types within a brain model that is based on the Monte Carlo method. In addition, we propose an evaluation method of the optical propagating depth and resolution, specifically one based on the optical distribution for brain applications. Based on the results, the best optical source types were determined in each layer. The maximum propagating depth and corresponding source were extracted. The optical source propagating field width was acquired in different depths. The maximum and minimum widths, as well as the corresponding source, were determined. This paper provides a reference for evaluating the optical propagating depth and resolution from an optical simulation aspect, and it has the potential to optimize the performance of optical-based techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310013, China
- CenBRAIN Neurotech Center of Excellence, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chengpeng Chai
- CenBRAIN Neurotech Center of Excellence, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Hongzhi Zuo
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, 30, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chen
- CenBRAIN Neurotech Center of Excellence, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Junhui Shi
- Zhejiang Lab, 1 Kechuang Avenue, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, 30, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CenBRAIN Neurotech Center of Excellence, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren J, Wang X, Liu C, Sun H, Tong J, Lin M, Li J, Liang L, Yin F, Xie M, Liu Y. 3D Ultrasonic Brain Imaging with Deep Learning Based on Fully Convolutional Networks. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8341. [PMID: 37837171 PMCID: PMC10575417 DOI: 10.3390/s23198341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT), ultrasound imaging is safer, faster, and more widely applicable. However, the use of conventional ultrasound in transcranial brain imaging for adults is predominantly hindered by the high acoustic impedance contrast between the skull and soft tissue. This study introduces a 3D AI algorithm, Brain Imaging Full Convolution Network (BIFCN), combining waveform modeling and deep learning for precise brain ultrasound reconstruction. We constructed a network comprising one input layer, four convolution layers, and one pooling layer to train our algorithm. In the simulation experiment, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the reconstructed and true images was exceptionally high. In the laboratory, the results showed a slightly lower but still impressive coincidence degree for 3D reconstruction, with pure water serving as the initial model and no prior information required. The 3D network can be trained in 8 h, and 10 samples can be reconstructed in just 12.67 s. The proposed 3D BIFCN algorithm provides a highly accurate and efficient solution for mapping wavefield frequency domain data to 3D brain models, enabling fast and precise brain tissue imaging. Moreover, the frequency shift phenomenon of blood may become a hallmark of BIFCN learning, offering valuable quantitative information for whole-brain blood imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaocen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - He Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Junkai Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA;
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Lin Liang
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;
| | - Mengying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (J.R.); (X.W.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.T.); (J.L.)
- International Institute for Innovative Design and Intelligent Manufacturing of Tianjin University in Zhejiang, Shaoxing 330100, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mineroff J, Austin E, Jagdeo J. Cutaneous effects of photobiomodulation with 1072 nm light. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1481-1486. [PMID: 36495337 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation, also known as low-level light therapy, has gained popularity in treating a variety of dermatologic and non-dermatologic conditions. The near-infrared (NIR) portion ranging from 700 to 1440 nm has a broad spectrum but most current research focuses on relatively shorter wavelengths. To date, clinical research regarding the application of 1072 NIR is limited to treatments for infections and photorejuvenation treatment in females. However, 1072 NIR light therapy may benefit male patients. This theoretical application is based on the biological properties of this subgroup having increased cutaneous density and thickness and the physical properties of 1072 NIR allowing it to penetrate increased depth. 1072 NIR can reach more cells throughout the epidermis and dermis compared to other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum traditionally used in phototherapy to provide unique and targeted benefits. 1072 NIR light-emitting diodes are commercially available and therefore hold tremendous potential to become accessible, affordable treatment options. Given the increased demand and market size for aesthetics for men that remains untapped, there is opportunity for future research to elucidate the potential for this wavelength as a safe and effective treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mineroff
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, 8th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Evan Austin
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, 8th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, 8th Floor, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Noltes ME, Bader M, Metman MJH, Vonk J, Steinkamp PJ, Kukačka J, Westerlaan HE, Dierckx RAJO, van Hemel BM, Brouwers AH, van Dam GM, Jüstel D, Ntziachristos V, Kruijff S. Towards in vivo characterization of thyroid nodules suspicious for malignancy using multispectral optoacoustic tomography. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2736-2750. [PMID: 37039901 PMCID: PMC10317911 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient-tailored management of thyroid nodules requires improved risk of malignancy stratification by accurate preoperative nodule assessment, aiming to personalize decisions concerning diagnostics and treatment. Here, we perform an exploratory pilot study to identify possible patterns on multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) for thyroid malignancy stratification. For the first time, we directly correlate MSOT images with histopathology data on a detailed level. METHODS We use recently enhanced data processing and image reconstruction methods for MSOT to provide next-level image quality by means of improved spatial resolution and spectral contrast. We examine optoacoustic features in thyroid nodules associated with vascular patterns and correlate these directly with reference histopathology. RESULTS Our methods show the ability to resolve blood vessels with diameters of 250 μm at depths of up to 2 cm. The vessel diameters derived on MSOT showed an excellent correlation (R2-score of 0.9426) with the vessel diameters on histopathology. Subsequently, we identify features of malignancy observable in MSOT, such as intranodular microvascularity and extrathyroidal extension verified by histopathology. Despite these promising features in selected patients, we could not determine statistically relevant differences between benign and malignant thyroid nodules based on mean oxygen saturation in thyroid nodules. Thus, we illustrate general imaging artifacts of the whole field of optoacoustic imaging that reduce image fidelity and distort spectral contrast, which impedes quantification of chromophore presence based on mean concentrations. CONCLUSION We recommend examining optoacoustic features in addition to chromophore quantification to rank malignancy risk. We present optoacoustic images of thyroid nodules with the highest spatial resolution and spectral contrast to date, directly correlated to histopathology, pushing the clinical translation of MSOT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milou E Noltes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Bader
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Madelon J H Metman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jasper Vonk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Steinkamp
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Kukačka
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henriette E Westerlaan
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bettien M van Hemel
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Adrienne H Brouwers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gooitzen M van Dam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- AxelaRx/TRACER Europe BV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Jüstel
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (MIRMI), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Schelto Kruijff
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Muller JW, Arabul MÜ, Schwab HM, Rutten MCM, van Sambeek MRHM, Wu M, Lopata RGP. Modeling toolchain for realistic simulation of photoacoustic data acquisition. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:096005. [PMID: 36104838 PMCID: PMC9470848 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.9.096005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Physics-based simulations of photoacoustic (PA) signals are used to validate new methods, to characterize PA setups and to generate training datasets for machine learning. However, a thoroughly validated PA simulation toolchain that can simulate realistic images is still lacking. AIM A quantitative toolchain was developed to model PA image acquisition in complex tissues, by simulating both the optical fluence and the acoustic wave propagation. APPROACH Sampling techniques were developed to decrease artifacts in acoustic simulations. The performance of the simulations was analyzed by measuring the point spread function (PSF) and using a rotatable three-channel phantom, filled with cholesterol, a human carotid plaque sample, and porcine blood. Ex vivo human plaque samples were simulated to validate the methods in more complex tissues. RESULTS The sampling techniques could enhance the quality of the simulated PA images effectively. The resolution and intensity of the PSF in the turbid medium matched the experimental data well. Overall, the appearance, signal-to-noise ratio and speckle of the images could be simulated accurately. CONCLUSIONS A PA toolchain was developed and validated, and the results indicate a great potential of PA simulations in more complex and heterogeneous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Willem Muller
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital, Department of Vascular Surgery, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mustafa Ü. Arabul
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hans-Martin Schwab
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel C. M. Rutten
- Cardiovascular Biomechanics Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc R. H. M. van Sambeek
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Catharina Hospital, Department of Vascular Surgery, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Min Wu
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G. P. Lopata
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Photoacoustics and Ultrasound Laboratory Eindhoven, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hui X, Malik MOA, Pramanik M. Looking deep inside tissue with photoacoustic molecular probes: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:070901. [PMID: 36451698 PMCID: PMC9307281 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.7.070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Significance Deep tissue noninvasive high-resolution imaging with light is challenging due to the high degree of light absorption and scattering in biological tissue. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) can overcome some of the challenges of pure optical or ultrasound imaging to provide high-resolution deep tissue imaging. However, label-free PAI signals from light absorbing chromophores within the tissue are nonspecific. The use of exogeneous contrast agents (probes) not only enhances the imaging contrast (and imaging depth) but also increases the specificity of PAI by binding only to targeted molecules and often providing signals distinct from the background. Aim We aim to review the current development and future progression of photoacoustic molecular probes/contrast agents. Approach First, PAI and the need for using contrast agents are briefly introduced. Then, the recent development of contrast agents in terms of materials used to construct them is discussed. Then, various probes are discussed based on targeting mechanisms, in vivo molecular imaging applications, multimodal uses, and use in theranostic applications. Results Material combinations are being used to develop highly specific contrast agents. In addition to passive accumulation, probes utilizing activation mechanisms show promise for greater controllability. Several probes also enable concurrent multimodal use with fluorescence, ultrasound, Raman, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. Finally, targeted probes are also shown to aid localized and molecularly specific photo-induced therapy. Conclusions The development of contrast agents provides a promising prospect for increased contrast, higher imaging depth, and molecularly specific information. Of note are agents that allow for controlled activation, explore other optical windows, and enable multimodal use to overcome some of the shortcomings of label-free PAI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xie Hui
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore
| | - Mohammad O. A. Malik
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore
| | - Manojit Pramanik
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bardak F, Bardak C, Karaca C, Kose E, Bilgili S, Atac A. Anionic dependency of electronic and nonlinear optical properties of ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
9
|
Penberthy WT, Vorwaller CE. Utilization of the 1064 nm Wavelength in Photobiomodulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e86. [PMID: 35155171 PMCID: PMC8837867 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy (LLLT;<0.5 W) has been used as a non-invasive treatment for various medical indications. Short (visible; 635-650 nm) and longer (invisible; 810-850 nm and 915-980 nm) near-infrared wavelengths have been commonly used, but power setting deficiencies or incorrect wavelength settings can cause negative outcomes. The 1064 nm wavelength as the longest wavelength is a relative newcomer in high-powered (>0.5 W) laser photobiomodulation therapy (HPL-PBMT) with unique biophysical characteristics. Methods: A comprehensive search of 2016-2021 PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases for "photobiomodulation" restricted to clinical trials for patients with a medical diagnosis was done. "1064 nm" content was identified and restricted to high-powered lasers (>0.5 watt). Cohen's d was calculated for the effect size and the difference was determined as a measure of relative 1064 nm HPL-PBMT efficacy. Results: The 22 independent studies meeting inclusion criteria focused on knee arthropathies, spine, shoulder/elbow, wound, gynecological, or osteoporosis with evaluation of pain, function, quality of life, range of motion (ROM), and anatomy. Pain was reduced with statistical significance (P<0.05) in 90% of study assessments (n=20) and 100% of studies focused on the knee (n=6). Of 18 studies assessing functional outcome measures, 100% demonstrated statistically significant improvements. Follow-up assessments up to 6 months in 5 knee arthritis studies revealed long-term pain reduction after cessation of treatment. Improvements in wound healing, bone mineral density, and knee cartilage thickness were demonstrated. The largest effect sizes observed were pain reduction in knee arthritis (average Cohen's d effect size=2.46). Conclusion: These studies have established that 1064 nm HPL-PBMT can effectively reduce pain, increase ROM, increase functional scores, and increase the quality of life for knee osteoarthritis and spinal disorders, with limitations. More studies are needed for clinical validation of single-trial data detecting changes in musculoskeletal conditions, cartilage thickness and bone density.
Collapse
|
10
|
In Vivo Imaging of Biodegradable Implants and Related Tissue Biomarkers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142348. [PMID: 34301105 PMCID: PMC8309526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive longitudinal imaging of osseointegration of bone implants is essential to ensure a comprehensive, physical and biochemical understanding of the processes related to a successful implant integration and its long-term clinical outcome. This study critically reviews the present imaging techniques that may play a role to assess the initial stability, bone quality and quantity, associated tissue remodelling dependent on implanted material, implantation site (surrounding tissues and placement depth), and biomarkers that may be targeted. An updated list of biodegradable implant materials that have been reported in the literature, from metal, polymer and ceramic categories, is provided with reference to the use of specific imaging modalities (computed tomography, positron emission tomography, ultrasound, photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging) suitable for longitudinal and non-invasive imaging in humans. The advantages and disadvantages of the single imaging modality are discussed with a special focus on preclinical imaging for biodegradable implant research. Indeed, the investigation of a new implant commonly requires histological examination, which is invasive and does not allow longitudinal studies, thus requiring a large number of animals for preclinical testing. For this reason, an update of the multimodal and multi-parametric imaging capabilities will be here presented with a specific focus on modern biomaterial research.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dantuma M, Kruitwagen S, Ortega-Julia J, Pompe van Meerdervoort RP, Manohar S. Tunable blood oxygenation in the vascular anatomy of a semi-anthropomorphic photoacoustic breast phantom. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200370RR. [PMID: 33728828 PMCID: PMC7961914 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.3.036003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Recovering accurate oxygenation estimations in the breast with quantitative photoacoustic tomography (QPAT) is not straightforward. Accurate light fluence models are required, but the unknown ground truth of the breast makes it difficult to validate them. Phantoms are often used for the validation, but most reported phantoms have a simple architecture. Fluence models developed in these simplistic objects are not accurate for application on the complex tissues of the breast. AIM We present a sophisticated breast phantom platform for photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (US) imaging in general, and specifically for QPAT. The breast phantom is semi-anthropomorphic in distribution of optical and acoustic properties and contains wall-less channels with blood. APPROACH 3D printing approaches are used to develop the solid 3D breast phantom from custom polyvinyl chloride plastisol formulations and additives for replicating the tissue optical and acoustic properties. A flow circuit was developed to flush the channels with bovine blood with a controlled oxygen saturation level. To showcase the phantom's functionality, PA measurements were performed on the phantom with two oxygenation levels. Image reconstructions with and without fluence compensation from Monte Carlo simulations were analyzed for the accuracy of oxygen saturation estimations. RESULTS We present design aspects of the phantom, demonstrate how it is developed, and present its breast-like appearance in PA and US imaging. The oxygen saturations were estimated in two regions of interest with and without using the fluence models. The fluence compensation positively influenced the SO2 estimations in all cases and confirmed that highly accurate fluence models are required to minimize estimation errors. CONCLUSIONS This phantom allows studies to be performed in PA in carefully controlled laboratory settings to validate approaches to recover both qualitative and quantitative features sought after in in-vivo studies. We believe that testing with phantoms of this complexity can streamline the transition of new PA technologies from the laboratory to studies in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Dantuma
- University of Twente, Multi-Modality Medical Imaging, Techmed Centre, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Address all correspondence to Maura Dantuma,
| | - Saskia Kruitwagen
- University of Twente, Multi-Modality Medical Imaging, Techmed Centre, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Ortega-Julia
- University of Twente, Multi-Modality Medical Imaging, Techmed Centre, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Srirang Manohar
- University of Twente, Multi-Modality Medical Imaging, Techmed Centre, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Das D, Sharma A, Rajendran P, Pramanik M. Another decade of photoacoustic imaging. Phys Med Biol 2020; 66. [PMID: 33361580 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging - a hybrid biomedical imaging modality finding its way to clinical practices. Although the photoacoustic phenomenon was known more than a century back, only in the last two decades it has been widely researched and used for biomedical imaging applications. In this review we focus on the development and progress of the technology in the last decade (2010-2020). From becoming more and more user friendly, cheaper in cost, portable in size, photoacoustic imaging promises a wide range of applications, if translated to clinic. The growth of photoacoustic community is steady, and with several new directions researchers are exploring, it is inevitable that photoacoustic imaging will one day establish itself as a regular imaging system in the clinical practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Das
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Arunima Sharma
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Praveenbalaji Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Manojit Pramanik
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, N1.3-B2-11, Singapore, 637457, SINGAPORE
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharma A, Pramanik M. Convolutional neural network for resolution enhancement and noise reduction in acoustic resolution photoacoustic microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:6826-6839. [PMID: 33408964 PMCID: PMC7747888 DOI: 10.1364/boe.411257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In acoustic resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM), a high numerical aperture focused ultrasound transducer (UST) is used for deep tissue high resolution photoacoustic imaging. There is a significant degradation of lateral resolution in the out-of-focus region. Improvement in out-of-focus resolution without degrading the image quality remains a challenge. In this work, we propose a deep learning-based method to improve the resolution of AR-PAM images, especially at the out of focus plane. A modified fully dense U-Net based architecture was trained on simulated AR-PAM images. Applying the trained model on experimental images showed that the variation in resolution is ∼10% across the entire imaging depth (∼4 mm) in the deep learning-based method, compared to ∼180% variation in the original PAM images. Performance of the trained network on in vivo rat vasculature imaging further validated that noise-free, high resolution images can be obtained using this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Sharma
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
| | - Manojit Pramanik
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|