1
|
Clarke JD, Judson SM, Tian D, Kirby TO, Tanna RS, Matula‐Péntek A, Horváth M, Layton ME, White JR, Cech NB, Thummel KE, McCune JS, Shen DD, Paine MF. Co-consuming green tea with raloxifene decreases raloxifene systemic exposure in healthy adult participants. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:1779-1790. [PMID: 37639334 PMCID: PMC10582660 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea is a popular beverage worldwide. The abundant green tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a potent in vitro inhibitor of intestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activity (Ki ~2 μM). Co-consuming green tea with intestinal UGT drug substrates, including raloxifene, could increase systemic drug exposure. The effects of a well-characterized green tea on the pharmacokinetics of raloxifene, raloxifene 4'-glucuronide, and raloxifene 6-glucuronide were evaluated in 16 healthy adults via a three-arm crossover, fixed-sequence study. Raloxifene (60 mg) was administered orally with water (baseline), with green tea for 1 day (acute), and on the fifth day after daily green tea administration for 4 days (chronic). Unexpectedly, green tea decreased the geometric mean green tea/baseline raloxifene AUC0-96h ratio to ~0.60 after both acute and chronic administration, which is below the predefined no-effect range (0.75-1.33). Lack of change in terminal half-life and glucuronide-to-raloxifene ratios indicated the predominant mechanism was not inhibition of intestinal UGT. One potential mechanism includes inhibition of intestinal transport. Using established transfected cell systems, a green tea extract normalized to EGCG inhibited 10 of 16 transporters tested (IC50 , 0.37-12 μM). Another potential mechanism, interruption by green tea of gut microbe-mediated raloxifene reabsorption, prompted a follow-up exploratory clinical study to evaluate the potential for a green tea-gut microbiota-drug interaction. No clear mechanisms were identified. Overall, results highlight that improvements in current models and methods used to predict UGT-mediated drug interactions are needed. Informing patients about the risk of co-consuming green tea with raloxifene may be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D. Clarke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction ResearchSpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Sabrina M. Judson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Dan‐Dan Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Present address:
Drug DispositionEli Lilly and CompanyIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Trevor O. Kirby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Rakshit S. Tanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | | | | | - Matthew E. Layton
- Elson S. Floyd College of MedicineWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - John R. White
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Nadja B. Cech
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of North Carolina GreensboroGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kenneth E. Thummel
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction ResearchSpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jeannine S. McCune
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction ResearchSpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies Translational SciencesCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Danny D. Shen
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction ResearchSpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Mary F. Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction ResearchSpokaneWashingtonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Taneja SB, Callahan TJ, Paine MF, Kane-Gill SL, Kilicoglu H, Joachimiak MP, Boyce RD. Developing a Knowledge Graph for Pharmacokinetic Natural Product-Drug Interactions. J Biomed Inform 2023; 140:104341. [PMID: 36933632 PMCID: PMC10150409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacokinetic natural product-drug interactions (NPDIs) occur when botanical or other natural products are co-consumed with pharmaceutical drugs. With the growing use of natural products, the risk for potential NPDIs and consequent adverse events has increased. Understanding mechanisms of NPDIs is key to preventing or minimizing adverse events. Although biomedical knowledge graphs (KGs) have been widely used for drug-drug interaction applications, computational investigation of NPDIs is novel. We constructed NP-KG as a first step toward computational discovery of plausible mechanistic explanations for pharmacokinetic NPDIs that can be used to guide scientific research. METHODS We developed a large-scale, heterogeneous KG with biomedical ontologies, linked data, and full texts of the scientific literature. To construct the KG, biomedical ontologies and drug databases were integrated with the Phenotype Knowledge Translator framework. The semantic relation extraction systems, SemRep and Integrated Network and Dynamic Reasoning Assembler, were used to extract semantic predications (subject-relation-object triples) from full texts of the scientific literature related to the exemplar natural products green tea and kratom. A literature-based graph constructed from the predications was integrated into the ontology-grounded KG to create NP-KG. NP-KG was evaluated with case studies of pharmacokinetic green tea- and kratom-drug interactions through KG path searches and meta-path discovery to determine congruent and contradictory information in NP-KG compared to ground truth data. We also conducted an error analysis to identify knowledge gaps and incorrect predications in the KG. RESULTS The fully integrated NP-KG consisted of 745,512 nodes and 7,249,576 edges. Evaluation of NP-KG resulted in congruent (38.98% for green tea, 50% for kratom), contradictory (15.25% for green tea, 21.43% for kratom), and both congruent and contradictory (15.25% for green tea, 21.43% for kratom) information compared to ground truth data. Potential pharmacokinetic mechanisms for several purported NPDIs, including the green tea-raloxifene, green tea-nadolol, kratom-midazolam, kratom-quetiapine, and kratom-venlafaxine interactions were congruent with the published literature. CONCLUSION NP-KG is the first KG to integrate biomedical ontologies with full texts of the scientific literature focused on natural products. We demonstrate the application of NP-KG to identify known pharmacokinetic interactions between natural products and pharmaceutical drugs mediated by drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Future work will incorporate context, contradiction analysis, and embedding-based methods to enrich NP-KG. NP-KG is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6814507. The code for relation extraction, KG construction, and hypothesis generation is available at https://github.com/sanyabt/np-kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanya B Taneja
- Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA.
| | - Tiffany J Callahan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mary F Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | | | - Halil Kilicoglu
- School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Marcin P Joachimiak
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Richard D Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shang LY, Zhou MH, Cao SY, Zhang M, Wang PJ, Zhang S, Meng XX, Yang QM, Gao XL. Effect of polyethylene glycol 400 on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of baicalin by intravenous injection based on the enzyme activity of UGT1A8/1A9. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 180:106328. [PMID: 36379359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin (BG) is a bioactive flavonoid extracted from the dried root of the medicinal plant, Scutellaria radix (SR) (dicotyledonous family, Labiatae), and has several biological activities. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) has been used as a suitable solvent for several traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) and is often used as an excipient for the compound preparation of SR. However, the drug-excipient interactions between BG and PEG400 are still unknown. Herein, we evaluated the effect of a single intravenous PEG400 administration on the BG levels of rats using pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies. A liver microsome and recombinant enzyme incubation system were used to further confirm the interaction mechanism between PEG400 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) (UGT1A8 and UGT1A9). The pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that following the co-intravenous administration of PEG400 and BG, the total clearance (CLz) of BG in the rat plasma decreased by 101.60% (p < 0.05), whereas the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC)0-t and AUC0-inf increased by 144.59% (p < 0.05) and 140.05% (p < 0.05), respectively. Additionally, the tissue distribution study showed that the concentration of BG and baicalein-6-O-β-D-glucuronide (B6G) in the tissues increased, whereas baicalein (B) in the tissues decreased, and the total amount of BG and its metabolites in tissues altered following the intravenous administration of PEG400. We further found that PEG400 induced the UGT1A8 and UGT1A9 enzyme activities by affecting the maximum enzymatic velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) values of UGT1A8 and UGT1A9. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that PEG400 interaction with UGTs altered the pharmacokinetic behaviors and tissue distribution characteristics of BG and its metabolites in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le-Yuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ming-Hao Zhou
- Inspection Center of Guizhou Drug Administration, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Si-Yuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peng-Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qi-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiu-Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Medical University Experimental Animal Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Wang J, Rao Z, Hu J, Wang Q, Sun Y, Lei X, Zhao J, Zeng K, Xu Z, Ming J. Study on the stability and oral bioavailability of curcumin loaded (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) nanoparticles based on hydrogen bonding-driven self-assembly. Food Chem 2022; 378:132091. [PMID: 35032808 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity and absorption of curcumin (Cur) is limited in application due to its low water solubility, poorstabilityand rapid metabolism. In this work, Cur loaded (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) nanoparticles (CEP-NPs) was successfully fabricated via self-assembly driven by hydrogen bonding, providing with desirable Cur-loading efficiency, high stability, strong antioxidant capacity, and pH-triggered intestinal targeted release properties. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicated the Cur was coated with EGCG and PVP in CEP-NPs and high acid prolonged release property was attribute to low ionization degree of EGCG. Besides, the enhanced intestinal absorption of Cur was related to inhibition of Cur metabolism by EGCG, enhancement of cellular uptake and higher Caco-2 monolayer permeation. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the oral bioavailability presented nearly 12-fold increment. Therefore, this study provides a new horizon for improving the Cur utilization in food and pharmaceutical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingting Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenan Rao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueru Sun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichun Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Food Storage & Logistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Food Storage & Logistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hosbas Coskun S, Wise SA, Kuszak AJ. The Importance of Reference Materials and Method Validation for Advancing Research on the Health Effects of Dietary Supplements and Other Natural Products. Front Nutr 2021; 8:786261. [PMID: 34970578 PMCID: PMC8713974 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.786261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient assessment of the identity and chemical composition of complex natural products, including botanicals, herbal remedies, and dietary supplements, hinders reproducible research and limits understanding mechanism(s) of action and health outcomes, which in turn impede improvements in clinical practice and advances in public health. This review describes available analytical resources and good methodological practices that support natural product characterization and strengthen the knowledge gained for designing and interpreting safety and efficacy investigations. The practice of validating analytical methods demonstrates that measurements of constituents of interest are reproducible and appropriate for the sample (e.g., plant material, phytochemical extract, and biological specimen). In particular, the utilization of matrix-based reference materials enables researchers to assess the accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of analytical measurements of natural product constituents, including dietary ingredients and their metabolites. Select case studies are presented where the careful application of these resources and practices has enhanced experimental rigor and benefited research on dietary supplement health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam J. Kuszak
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cox EJ, Tian DD, Clarke JD, Rettie AE, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, McCune JS, Paine MF. Modeling Pharmacokinetic Natural Product-Drug Interactions for Decision-Making: A NaPDI Center Recommended Approach. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:847-859. [PMID: 33712517 PMCID: PMC7956993 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The popularity of botanical and other purported medicinal natural products (NPs) continues to grow, especially among patients with chronic illnesses and patients managed on complex prescription drug regimens. With few exceptions, the risk of a given NP to precipitate a clinically significant pharmacokinetic NP-drug interaction (NPDI) remains understudied or unknown. Application of static or dynamic mathematical models to predict and/or simulate NPDIs can provide critical information about the potential clinical significance of these complex interactions. However, methods used to conduct such predictions or simulations are highly variable. Additionally, published reports using mathematical models to interrogate NPDIs are not always sufficiently detailed to ensure reproducibility. Consequently, guidelines are needed to inform the conduct and reporting of these modeling efforts. This recommended approach from the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research describes a systematic method for using mathematical models to interpret the interaction risk of NPs as precipitants of potential clinically significant pharmacokinetic NPDIs. A framework for developing and applying pharmacokinetic NPDI models is presented with the aim of promoting accuracy, reproducibility, and generalizability in the literature. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Many natural products (NPs) contain phytoconstituents that can increase or decrease systemic or tissue exposure to, and potentially the efficacy of, a pharmaceutical drug; however, no regulatory agency guidelines exist to assist in predicting the risk of these complex interactions. This recommended approach from a multi-institutional consortium designated by National Institutes of Health as the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research provides a framework for modeling pharmacokinetic NP-drug interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Cox
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - John D Clarke
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Allan E Rettie
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jeannine S McCune
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang CF, Chang YC, Lin JT, Yu CW, Kao YT. Evaluation of inhibitors of intestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A8 and 1A10 using raloxifene as a substrate in Caco-2 cells: Studies with four flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 72:105087. [PMID: 33440186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) of the gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role in protection against the toxic effects of xenobiotics in the environment. UGTs such as UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 are predominantly expressed in gastrointestinal tissues. In this study, we examined the phase II metabolism of raloxifene in differentiated Caco-2 monolayers by inducing UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 expression in these cells. The present study evaluated the following four flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis as model herbal compounds: scutellarein, salvigenin, baicalein, and wogonin. All test compounds, endpoint substrates, and their metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The transepithelial electrical resistance values for the individual compounds were comparable regardless of whether they were measured individually. Salvigenin significantly inhibited UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 activities in a concentration-dependent manner. All individual compounds except scutellarein inhibited UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 activity at a concentration of 100 μM. In addition, all individual flavonoids at 100 μM, except wogonin, significantly increased the amount of raloxifene in the basolateral chambers. The positive control, canagliflozin, significantly inhibited both UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 activities. These findings suggest that the Caco-2 assay can be utilized for identifying UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 inhibitors and indicate the potential of salvigenin for enhancing the pharmacological effects of UGT substrate drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che-Fu Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, No.168, Zhongxing Rd., Longtan Dist, Taoyuan City 32551, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, No.161, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Rd., Neihu Dist, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Tang Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, No.168, Zhongxing Rd., Longtan Dist, Taoyuan City 32551, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Yu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, No.168, Zhongxing Rd., Longtan Dist, Taoyuan City 32551, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Kao
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, No.161, Sec. 6, Minquan E. Rd., Neihu Dist, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nguyen JT, Tian DD, Tanna RS, Hadi DL, Bansal S, Calamia JC, Arian CM, Shireman LM, Molnár B, Horváth M, Kellogg JJ, Layton ME, White JR, Cech NB, Boyce RD, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, Paine MF. Assessing Transporter-Mediated Natural Product-Drug Interactions Via In vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation: Clinical Evaluation With a Probe Cocktail. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2020; 109:1342-1352. [PMID: 33174626 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The botanical natural product goldenseal can precipitate clinical drug interactions by inhibiting cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and CYP2D6. Besides P-glycoprotein, effects of goldenseal on other clinically relevant transporters remain unknown. Established transporter-expressing cell systems were used to determine the inhibitory effects of a goldenseal extract, standardized to the major alkaloid berberine, on transporter activity. Using recommended basic models, the extract was predicted to inhibit the efflux transporter BCRP and uptake transporters OATP1B1/3. Using a cocktail approach, effects of the goldenseal product on BCRP, OATP1B1/3, OATs, OCTs, MATEs, and CYP3A were next evaluated in 16 healthy volunteers. As expected, goldenseal increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-inf ) of midazolam (CYP3A; positive control), with a geometric mean ratio (GMR) (90% confidence interval (CI)) of 1.43 (1.35-1.53). However, goldenseal had no effects on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin (BCRP and OATP1B1/3) and furosemide (OAT1/3); decreased metformin (OCT1/2, MATE1/2-K) AUC0-inf (GMR, 0.77 (0.71-0.83)); and had no effect on metformin half-life and renal clearance. Results indicated that goldenseal altered intestinal permeability, transport, and/or other processes involved in metformin absorption, which may have unfavorable effects on glucose control. Inconsistencies between model predictions and pharmacokinetic outcomes prompt further refinement of current basic models to include differential transporter expression in relevant organs and intestinal degradation/metabolism of the precipitant(s). Such refinement should improve in vitro-in vivo prediction accuracy, contributing to a standard approach for studying transporter-mediated natural product-drug interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Rakshit S Tanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Deena L Hadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Sumit Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Justina C Calamia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher M Arian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Laura M Shireman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bálint Molnár
- SOLVO Biotechnology, SZTE Biológiai Epület, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Horváth
- SOLVO Biotechnology, SZTE Biológiai Epület, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Joshua J Kellogg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew E Layton
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - John R White
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Nadja B Cech
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard D Boyce
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mary F Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.,Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tanna RS, Tian DD, Cech NB, Oberlies NH, Rettie AE, Thummel KE, Paine MF. Refined Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Kratom-Drug Interactions: Time-Dependent Inhibition Considerations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:64-73. [PMID: 33093187 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparations from the leaves of the kratom plant (Mitragyna speciosa) are consumed for their opioid-like effects. Several deaths have been associated with kratom used concomitantly with some drugs. Pharmacokinetic interactions are potential underlying mechanisms of these fatalities. Accumulating in vitro evidence has demonstrated select kratom alkaloids, including the abundant indole alkaloid mitragynine, as reversible inhibitors of several cytochromes P450 (CYPs). The objective of this work was to refine the mechanistic understanding of potential kratom-drug interactions by considering both reversible and time-dependent inhibition (TDI) of CYPs in the liver and intestine. Mitragynine was tested against CYP2C9 (diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation), CYP2D6 (dextromethorphan O-demethylation), and CYP3A (midazolam 1'-hydroxylation) activities in human liver microsomes (HLMs) and CYP3A activity in human intestinal microsomes (HIMs). Comparing the absence to presence of NADPH during preincubation of mitragynine with HLMs or HIMs, an ∼7-fold leftward shift in IC50 (∼20 to 3 μM) toward CYP3A resulted, prompting determination of TDI parameters (HLMs: K I , 4.1 ± 0.9 μM; k inact , 0.068 ± 0.01 min-1; HIMs: K I , 4.2 ± 2.5 μM; k inact , 0.079 ± 0.02 min-1). Mitragynine caused no leftward shift in IC50 toward CYP2C9 (∼40 μM) and CYP2D6 (∼1 μM) but was a strong competitive inhibitor of CYP2D6 (K i , 1.17 ± 0.07 μM). Using a recommended mechanistic static model, mitragynine (2-g kratom dose) was predicted to increase dextromethorphan and midazolam area under the plasma concentration-time curve by 1.06- and 5.69-fold, respectively. The predicted midazolam area under the plasma concentration-time curve ratio exceeded the recommended cutoff (1.25), which would have been missed if TDI was not considered. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Kratom, a botanical natural product increasingly consumed for its opioid-like effects, may precipitate potentially serious pharmacokinetic interactions with drugs. The abundant kratom indole alkaloid mitragynine was shown to be a time-dependent inhibitor of hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A activity. A mechanistic static model predicted mitragynine to increase systemic exposure to the probe drug substrate midazolam by 5.7-fold, necessitating further evaluation via dynamic models and clinical assessment to advance the understanding of consumer safety associated with kratom use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakshit S Tanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Nadja B Cech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Allan E Rettie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (R.S.T., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.B.C., N.H.O.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (K.E.T.), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (N.B.C., N.H.O., A.E.R., K.E.T., M.F.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang L, Wang Z, Wang X, Wang S, Wang Z, Liu Y. Piceatannol exhibits potential food-drug interactions through the inhibition of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) in Vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
11
|
Loretz C, Ho MCD, Alam N, Mitchell W, Li AP. Application of Cryopreserved Human Intestinal Mucosa and Cryopreserved Human Enterocytes in the Evaluation of Herb-Drug Interactions: Evaluation of CYP3A Inhibitory Potential of Grapefruit Juice and Commercial Formulations of Twenty-Nine Herbal Supplements. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1084-1091. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
12
|
Flores-Bocanegra L, Raja HA, Graf TN, Augustinović M, Wallace ED, Hematian S, Kellogg JJ, Todd DA, Cech NB, Oberlies NH. The Chemistry of Kratom [ Mitragyna speciosa]: Updated Characterization Data and Methods to Elucidate Indole and Oxindole Alkaloids. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2165-2177. [PMID: 32597657 PMCID: PMC7718854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two separate commercial products of kratom [Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. Rubiaceae] were used to generate reference standards of its indole and oxindole alkaloids. While kratom has been studied for over a century, the characterization data in the literature for many of the alkaloids are either incomplete or inconsistent with modern standards. As such, full 1H and 13C NMR spectra, along with HRESIMS and ECD data, are reported for alkaloids 1-19. Of these, four new alkaloids (7, 11, 17, and 18) were characterized using 2D NMR data, and the absolute configurations of 7, 17, and 18 were established by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra. The absolute configuration for the N(4)-oxide (11) was established by comparison of NMR and ECD spectra of its reduced product with those for compound 7. In total, 19 alkaloids were characterized, including the indole alkaloid mitragynine (1) and its diastereoisomers speciociliatine (2), speciogynine (3), and mitraciliatine (4); the indole alkaloid paynantheine (5) and its diastereoisomers isopaynantheine (6) and epiallo-isopaynantheine (7); the N(4)-oxides mitragynine-N(4)-oxide (8), speciociliatine-N(4)-oxide (9), isopaynantheine-N(4)-oxide (10), and epiallo-isopaynantheine-N(4)-oxide (11); the 9-hydroxylated oxindole alkaloids speciofoline (12), isorotundifoleine (13), and isospeciofoleine (14); and the 9-unsubstituted oxindoles corynoxine A (15), corynoxine B (16), 3-epirhynchophylline (17), 3-epicorynoxine B (18), and corynoxeine (19). With the ability to analyze the spectroscopic data of all of these compounds concomitantly, a decision tree was developed to differentiate these kratom alkaloids based on a few key chemical shifts in the 1H and/or 13C NMR spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Tyler N Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Mario Augustinović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - E Diane Wallace
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Shabnam Hematian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Joshua J Kellogg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Daniel A Todd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Nadja B Cech
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gaston TE, Mendrick DL, Paine MF, Roe AL, Yeung CK. "Natural" is not synonymous with "Safe": Toxicity of natural products alone and in combination with pharmaceutical agents. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 113:104642. [PMID: 32197968 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the 25 years since the US Congress passed the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA), the law that transformed the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) authority to regulate dietary supplements, the dietary supplement market has grown exponentially. Retail sales of herbal products, a subcategory of dietary supplements, have increased 83% from 2008 to 2018 ($4.8 to $8.8 billion USD). Although consumers often equate "natural" with "safe", it is well recognized by scientists that constituents in these natural products (NPs) can result in toxicity. Additionally, when NPs are co-consumed with pharmaceutical agents, the precipitant NP can alter drug disposition and drug delivery, thereby enhancing or reducing the therapeutic effect of the object drug(s). With the widespread use of NPs, these effects can be underappreciated. We present a summary of a symposium presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology 2019 (12 March 2019) that discussed potential toxicities of NPs alone and in combination with drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler E Gaston
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | - Donna L Mendrick
- National Center for Toxicological Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, United States
| | - Mary F Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, United States
| | - Amy L Roe
- The Procter & Gamble Company, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kellogg JJ, Paine MF, McCune JS, Oberlies NH, Cech NB. Selection and characterization of botanical natural products for research studies: a NaPDI center recommended approach. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:1196-1221. [PMID: 30681109 PMCID: PMC6658353 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00065d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2018 Dietary supplements, which include botanical (plant-based) natural products, constitute a multi-billion-dollar industry in the US. Regulation and quality control for this industry is an ongoing challenge. While there is general agreement that rigorous scientific studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of botanical natural products used by consumers, researchers conducting such studies face a unique set of challenges. Botanical natural products are inherently complex mixtures, with composition that differs depending on myriad factors including variability in genetics, cultivation conditions, and processing methods. Unfortunately, many studies of botanical natural products are carried out with poorly characterized study material, such that the results are irreproducible and difficult to interpret. This review provides recommended approaches for addressing the critical questions that researchers must address prior to in vitro or in vivo (including clinical) evaluation of botanical natural products. We describe selection and authentication of botanical material and identification of key biologically active compounds, and compare state-of-the-art methodologies such as untargeted metabolomics with more traditional targeted methods of characterization. The topics are chosen to be of maximal relevance to researchers, and are reviewed critically with commentary as to which approaches are most practical and useful and what common pitfalls should be avoided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J. Kellogg
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Mary F. Paine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Jeannine S. McCune
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Nadja B. Cech
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheng Y, Tang S, Chen A, Zhang Y, Liu M, Wang X. Evaluation of the inhibition risk of shikonin on human and rat UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) through the cocktail approach. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:214-221. [PMID: 31128210 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Shikonin, a natural red colorant, is widely used for food garnishment and cosmetic ingredient in the world. Shikonin also possesses a variety of pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. However, little is known about its effects on the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shikonin on the UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 activities via the human and rat liver microsomal assay and cocktail approach. The results showed shikonin inhibited human and rat liver microsomal UGT activity only in a dose-dependent manner. The further enzyme kinetic studies demonstrated that shikonin was not only a competitive inhibitor of human UGT1A1, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7, but also presented competitive inhibition on rat UGT1A1 and AZTG reactions. In conclusion, shikonin as a reversible inhibitor of UGT enzyme has a high-risk potential to cause the possible toxicity, especially drug-drug or food-drug interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuowen Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang R, Han J, Jiang A, Huang R, Fu T, Wang L, Zheng Q, Li W, Li J. Involvement of metabolism-permeability in enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin in excipient-free solid dispersions co-formed with piperine. Int J Pharm 2019; 561:9-18. [PMID: 30817985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has gained increasing interest worldwide due to multiple biological activities. However, the therapeutic application remains limited because of its low aqueous solubility, intestinal metabolism and poor membrane permeability. In present study, an excipient-free CUR solid dispersion co-formed with piperine (PIP), the absorption enhancer involving metabolism-permeability, was successfully prepared by melting and quench cooling (co-amorphous CUR-PIP). The co-amorphous CUR-PIP exhibited superior performance in non-sink dissolution compared with crystalline and amorphous CUR, and showed physically stable at least 3 months, attributing to the strong molecular interactions between CUR and PIP as evaluated by FTIR spectra. Furthermore, the combination of PIP with CUR in the co-amorphous formulation could inhibit the glucuronidation of CUR, as exhibited in the in vitro assay of rat intestinal microsomes. The co-amorphous CUR-PIP would also exhibit higher gastrointestinal membrane permeability of CUR, as confirmed by Papp of CUR in Caco-2 model. After administration of co-amorphous CUR-PIP, the AUC of CUR significantly increased by 2.16- and 1.92-fold those in crystalline and amorphous CUR, respectively. This study demonstrates that the developed co-amorphous CUR-PIP can enhance the bioavailability of CUR by increasing its dissolution, inhibiting metabolic processes, and facilitating membrane permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiawei Han
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ai Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tingming Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingchong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Key Lab of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 18 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Junsong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Judkins J, Tay-Sontheimer J, Boyce RD, Brochhausen M. Extending the DIDEO ontology to include entities from the natural product drug interaction domain of discourse. J Biomed Semantics 2018; 9:15. [PMID: 29743102 PMCID: PMC5944177 DOI: 10.1186/s13326-018-0183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prompted by the frequency of concomitant use of prescription drugs with natural products, and the lack of knowledge regarding the impact of pharmacokinetic-based natural product-drug interactions (PK-NPDIs), the United States National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health has established a center of excellence for PK-NPDI. The Center is creating a public database to help researchers (primarly pharmacologists and medicinal chemists) to share and access data, results, and methods from PK-NPDI studies. In order to represent the semantics of the data and foster interoperability, we are extending the Drug-Drug Interaction and Evidence Ontology (DIDEO) to include definitions for terms used by the data repository. This is feasible due to a number of similarities between pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and PK-NPDIs. METHODS To achieve this, we set up an iterative domain analysis in the following steps. In Step 1 PK-NPDI domain experts produce a list of terms and definitions based on data from PK-NPDI studies, in Step 2 an ontology expert creates ontologically appropriate classes and definitions from the list along with class axioms, in Step 3 there is an iterative editing process during which the domain experts and the ontology experts review, assess, and amend class labels and definitions and in Step 4 the ontology expert implements the new classes in the DIDEO development branch. This workflow often results in different labels and definitions for the new classes in DIDEO than the domain experts initially provided; the latter are preserved in DIDEO as separate annotations. RESULTS Step 1 resulted in a list of 344 terms. During Step 2 we found that 9 of these terms already existed in DIDEO, and 6 existed in other OBO Foundry ontologies. These 6 were imported into DIDEO; additional terms from multiple OBO Foundry ontologies were also imported, either to serve as superclasses for new terms in the initial list or to build axioms for these terms. At the time of writing, 7 terms have definitions ready for review (Step 2), 64 are ready for implementation (Step 3) and 112 have been pushed to DIDEO (Step 4). Step 2 also suggested that 26 terms of the original list were redundant and did not need implementation; the domain experts agreed to remove them. Step 4 resulted in many terms being added to DIDEO that help to provide an additional layer of granularity in describing experimental conditions and results, e.g. transfected cultured cells used in metabolism studies and chemical reactions used in measuring enzyme activity. These terms also were integrated into the NaPDI repository. CONCLUSION We found DIDEO to provide a sound foundation for semantic representation of PK-NPDI terms, and we have shown the novelty of the project in that DIDEO is the only ontology in which NPDI terms are formally defined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Judkins
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | | | - Richard D Boyce
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mathias Brochhausen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Johnson EJ, González-Peréz V, Tian DD, Lin YS, Unadkat JD, Rettie AE, Shen DD, McCune JS, Paine MF. Selection of Priority Natural Products for Evaluation as Potential Precipitants of Natural Product-Drug Interactions: A NaPDI Center Recommended Approach. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1046-1052. [PMID: 29735752 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.081273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic interactions between natural products (NPs) and conventional medications (prescription and nonprescription) are a longstanding but understudied problem in contemporary pharmacotherapy. Consequently, there are no established methods for selecting and prioritizing commercially available NPs to evaluate as precipitants of NP-drug interactions (NPDIs). As such, NPDI discovery remains largely a retrospective, bedside-to-bench process. This Recommended Approach, developed by the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research (NaPDI Center), describes a systematic method for selecting NPs to evaluate as precipitants of potential clinically significant pharmacokinetic NPDIs. Guided information-gathering tools were used to score, rank, and triage NPs from an initial list of 47 candidates. Triaging was based on the presence and/or absence of an NPDI identified in a clinical study (≥20% or <20% change in the object drug area under the concentration vs. time curve, respectively), as well as mechanistic and descriptive in vitro and clinical data. A qualitative decision-making tool, termed the fulcrum model, was developed and applied to 11 high-priority NPs for rigorous study of NPDI risk. Application of this approach produced a final list of five high-priority NPs, four of which are currently under investigation by the NaPDI Center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Johnson
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Vanessa González-Peréz
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Yvonne S Lin
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Allan E Rettie
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Danny D Shen
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jeannine S McCune
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (Y.S.L., J.D.U., A.E.R., D.D.S., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.J., V.G.-P., D.-D.T., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutics (Y.S.L., J.D.U., D.D.S., J.S.M.) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|