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Li Y, Yu W, Zhang K, Cui N, Yun T, Xia X, Jiang Y, Zhang G, Mu H, Lin S. Two-dimensional topological semimetals: an emerging candidate for terahertz detectors and on-chip integration. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2572-2602. [PMID: 38482962 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02250a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The importance of terahertz (THz) detection lies in its ability to provide detailed information in a non-destructive manner, making it a valuable tool across various domains including spectroscopy, communication, and security. The ongoing development of THz detectors aims to enhance their sensitivity, resolution and integration into compact and portable devices such as handheld scanners or integrated communication chips. Generally, two-dimensional (2D) materials are considered potential candidates for device miniaturization but detecting THz radiation using 2D semiconductors is generally difficult due to the ultra-small photon energy. However, this challenge is being addressed by the advent of topological semimetals (TSM) with zero-bandgap characteristics. These semimetals offer low-energy excitations in proximity to the Dirac point, which is particularly important for applications requiring a broad detection range. Their distinctive band structures with linear energy-momentum dispersion near the Fermi level also lead to high electron mobility and low effective mass. The presence of topologically protected dissipationless conducting channels and self-powered response provides a basis for low-energy integration. In order to establish paradigms for semimetal-based THz detectors, this review initially offers an analytical summary of THz detection principles. Then, the review demonstrates the distinct design of devices, the excellent performance derived from the topological surface state and unique band structures in TSM. Finally, we outline the prospective avenues for on-chip integration of TSM-based THz detectors. We believe this review can promote further research on the new generation of THz detectors and facilitate advancements in THz imaging, spectroscopy, and communication systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhi Yu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science &Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Nan Cui
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
| | - Tinghe Yun
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Xia
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
| | - Shenghuang Lin
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China.
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2
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Ulstrup S, In 't Veld Y, Miwa JA, Jones AJH, McCreary KM, Robinson JT, Jonker BT, Singh S, Koch RJ, Rotenberg E, Bostwick A, Jozwiak C, Rösner M, Katoch J. Observation of interlayer plasmon polaron in graphene/WS 2 heterostructures. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3845. [PMID: 38714749 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Harnessing electronic excitations involving coherent coupling to bosonic modes is essential for the design and control of emergent phenomena in quantum materials. In situations where charge carriers induce a lattice distortion due to the electron-phonon interaction, the conducting states get "dressed", which leads to the formation of polaronic quasiparticles. The exploration of polaronic effects on low-energy excitations is in its infancy in two-dimensional materials. Here, we present the discovery of an interlayer plasmon polaron in heterostructures composed of graphene on top of single-layer WS2. By using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy during in situ doping of the top graphene layer, we observe a strong quasiparticle peak accompanied by several carrier density-dependent shake-off replicas around the single-layer WS2 conduction band minimum. Our results are explained by an effective many-body model in terms of a coupling between single-layer WS2 conduction electrons and an interlayer plasmon mode. It is important to take into account the presence of such interlayer collective modes, as they have profound consequences for the electronic and optical properties of heterostructures that are routinely explored in many device architectures involving 2D transition metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Ulstrup
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Yann In 't Veld
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jill A Miwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alfred J H Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Simranjeet Singh
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Roland J Koch
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Chris Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Malte Rösner
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jyoti Katoch
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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3
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Li K, Yin LJ, Che C, Zhang S, Liu X, Xiao Y, Liu S, Tong Q, Li SY, Pan A. Correlation-Induced Symmetry-Broken States in Large-Angle Twisted Bilayer Graphene on MoS 2. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7937-7944. [PMID: 38441035 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Strongly correlated states commonly emerge in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with "magic-angle" (1.1°), where the electron-electron (e-e) interaction U becomes prominent relative to the small bandwidth W of the nearly flat band. However, the stringent requirement of this magic angle makes the sample preparation and the further application facing great challenges. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), we demonstrate that the correlation-induced symmetry-broken states can also be achieved in a 3.45° TBG, via engineering this nonmagic-angle TBG into regimes of U/W > 1. We enhance the e-e interaction through controlling the microscopic dielectric environment by using a MoS2 substrate. Simultaneously, the width of the low-energy van Hove singularity (VHS) peak is reduced by enhancing the interlayer coupling via STM tip modulation. When partially filled, the VHS peak exhibits a giant splitting into two states flanked by the Fermi level and shows a symmetry-broken LDOS distribution with a stripy charge order, which confirms the existence of strong correlation effect in our 3.45° TBG. Our result demonstrates the feasibility of the study and application of the correlation physics in TBGs with a wider range of twist angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Jing Yin
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Che
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlong Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Tong
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, People's Republic of China
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
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4
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Hasegawa S, Kikuchi H, Asai S, Wei Z, Winn B, Sala G, Itoh S, Masuda T. Field control of quasiparticle decay in a quantum antiferromagnet. Nat Commun 2024; 15:125. [PMID: 38212625 PMCID: PMC10784460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamics in a quantum material is described by quantized collective motion: a quasiparticle. The single-quasiparticle description is useful for a basic understanding of the system, whereas a phenomenon beyond the simple description such as quasiparticle decay which affects the current carried by the quasiparticle is an intriguing topic. The instability of the quasiparticle is phenomenologically determined by the magnitude of the repulsive interaction between a single quasiparticle and the two-quasiparticle continuum. Although the phenomenon has been studied in several materials, thermodynamic tuning of the quasiparticle decay in a single material has not yet been investigated. Here we show, by using neutron scattering, magnetic field control of the magnon decay in a quantum antiferromagnet RbFeCl3, where the interaction between the magnon and continuum is tuned by the field. At low fields where the interaction is small, the single magnon decay process is observed. In contrast, at high fields where the interaction exceeds a critical magnitude, the magnon is pushed downwards in energy and its lifetime increases. Our study demonstrates that field control of quasiparticle decay is possible in the system where the two-quasiparticle continuum covers wide momentum-energy space, and the phenomenon of the magnon avoiding decay is ubiquitous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Hasegawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Hodaka Kikuchi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Asai
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Zijun Wei
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Barry Winn
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Gabriele Sala
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Shinichi Itoh
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Masuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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5
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The intrinsic electrostatic dielectric behaviour of graphite anodes in Li-ion batteries – across the entire functional range of charge. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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6
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Wang C, Wang H, Tian Q, Zong J, Xie X, Chen W, Zhang Y, Wang K, Qiu X, Wang L, Li F, Zhang H, Zhang Y. Suppression of Intervalley Coupling in Graphene via Potassium Doping. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9396-9403. [PMID: 36190902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantum interference patterns induced by impurities in graphene can form the (√3 × √3)R30° superlattice with intervalley scattering. This superlattice can lead to the folded Dirac cone at the center of Brillouin zone by coupling two non-equivalent valleys. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we report the observation of suppression of the folded Dirac cone in mono- and bilayer graphene upon potassium doping. The intervalley coupling with chiral symmetry broken can persist upon a light potassium-doped level but be ruined at the heavily doped level. Meanwhile, the folded Dirac cone can be suppressed by the renormalization of the Dirac band with potassium doping. Our results demonstrate that the suppression of the intervalley scattering pattern by potassium doping could pave the way toward the realization of novel chiraltronic devices in superlattice graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiqiang Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qichao Tian
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Zong
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedong Xie
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongheng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangsen Li
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
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7
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Zhang Z, Lee Y, Haque MF, Leem J, Hsieh EY, Nam S. Plasmonic sensors based on graphene and graphene hybrid materials. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:28. [PMID: 35695997 PMCID: PMC9192873 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth of graphene plasmonics and their applications in different fields. Compared with conventional plasmonic materials, graphene enables highly confined plasmons with much longer lifetimes. Moreover, graphene plasmons work in an extended wavelength range, i.e., mid-infrared and terahertz regime, overlapping with the fingerprints of most organic and biomolecules, and have broadened their applications towards plasmonic biological and chemical sensors. In this review, we discuss intrinsic plasmonic properties of graphene and strategies both for tuning graphene plasmons as well as achieving higher performance by integrating graphene with plasmonic nanostructures. Next, we survey applications of graphene and graphene-hybrid materials in biosensors, chemical sensors, optical sensors, and sensors in other fields. Lastly, we conclude this review by providing a brief outlook and challenges of the field. Through this review, we aim to provide an overall picture of graphene plasmonic sensing and to suggest future trends of development of graphene plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yeageun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Md Farhadul Haque
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Juyoung Leem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- TomKat Center for Sustainable Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Ezekiel Y Hsieh
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - SungWoo Nam
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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8
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Qu AC, Nigge P, Link S, Levy G, Michiardi M, Spandar PL, Matthé T, Schneider M, Zhdanovich S, Starke U, Gutiérrez C, Damascelli A. Ubiquitous defect-induced density wave instability in monolayer graphene. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5180. [PMID: 35675409 PMCID: PMC9177069 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum materials are notoriously sensitive to their environments, where small perturbations can tip a system toward one of several competing ground states. Graphene hosts a rich assortment of such competing phases, including a bond density wave instability ("Kekulé distortion") that couples electrons at the K/K' valleys and breaks the lattice symmetry. Here, we report observations of a ubiquitous Kekulé distortion across multiple graphene systems. We show that extremely dilute concentrations of surface atoms (less than three adsorbed atoms every 1000 graphene unit cells) can self-assemble and trigger the onset of a global Kekulé density wave phase. Combining complementary momentum-sensitive angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements, we confirm the presence of this density wave phase and observe the opening of an energy gap. Our results reveal an unexpected sensitivity of the graphene lattice to dilute surface disorder and show that adsorbed atoms offer an attractive route toward designing novel phases in two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Qu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P. Nigge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S. Link
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G. Levy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M. Michiardi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
| | - P. L. Spandar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T. Matthé
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M. Schneider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S. Zhdanovich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - U. Starke
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. Gutiérrez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A. Damascelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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9
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Pramanik A, Thakur S, Singh B, Willke P, Wenderoth M, Hofsäss H, Di Santo G, Petaccia L, Maiti K. Anomalies at the Dirac Point in Graphene and Its Hole-Doped Compositions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:166401. [PMID: 35522498 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.166401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We study the properties of the Dirac states in SiC-graphene and its hole-doped compositions employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory. The symmetry-selective measurements for the Dirac bands reveal their linearly dispersive behavior across the Dirac point which was termed as the anomalous region in earlier studies. No gap is observed even after boron substitution that reduced the carrier concentration significantly from 3.7×10^{13} cm^{-2} in SiC-graphene to 0.8×10^{13} cm^{-2} (5% doping). The anomalies at the Dirac point are attributed to the spectral width arising from the lifetime and momentum broadening in the experiments. The substitution of boron at the graphitic sites leads to a band renormalization and a shift of the Dirac point towards the Fermi level. The internal symmetries appear to be preserved in SiC-graphene even after significant boron substitutions. These results suggest that SiC-graphene is a good platform to realize exotic science as well as advanced technology where the carrier properties like concentration, mobility, etc., can be tuned keeping the Dirac fermionic properties protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Pramanik
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sangeeta Thakur
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bahadur Singh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Philip Willke
- IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Wenderoth
- IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans Hofsäss
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Santo
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Petaccia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Kalobaran Maiti
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
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10
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Zhu JX. Multipole polaron roams the devil's staircase. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:384-385. [PMID: 35361948 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
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11
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Arai Y, Kuroda K, Nomoto T, Tin ZH, Sakuragi S, Bareille C, Akebi S, Kurokawa K, Kinoshita Y, Zhang WL, Shin S, Tokunaga M, Kitazawa H, Haga Y, Suzuki HS, Miyasaka S, Tajima S, Iwasa K, Arita R, Kondo T. Multipole polaron in the devil's staircase of CeSb. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:410-415. [PMID: 35145257 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth intermetallic compounds exhibit rich phenomena induced by the interplay between localized f orbitals and conduction electrons. However, since the energy scale of the crystal-electric-field splitting is only a few millielectronvolts, the nature of the mobile electrons accompanied by collective crystal-electric-field excitations has not been unveiled. Here, we examine the low-energy electronic structures of CeSb through the anomalous magnetostructural transitions below the Néel temperature, ~17 K, termed the 'devil's staircase', using laser angle-resolved photoemission, Raman and neutron scattering spectroscopies. We report another type of electron-boson coupling between mobile electrons and quadrupole crystal-electric-field excitations of the 4f orbitals, which renormalizes the Sb 5p band prominently, yielding a kink at a very low energy (~7 meV). This coupling strength is strong and exhibits anomalous step-like enhancement during the devil's staircase transition, unveiling a new type of quasiparticle, named the 'multipole polaron', comprising a mobile electron dressed with a cloud of the quadrupole crystal-electric-field polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Arai
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
| | - T Nomoto
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Z H Tin
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - S Sakuragi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - C Bareille
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Akebi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Kurokawa
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Y Kinoshita
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - W-L Zhang
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Shin
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Office of University Professor, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - M Tokunaga
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kitazawa
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Y Haga
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - H S Suzuki
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Miyasaka
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - S Tajima
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - K Iwasa
- Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences and Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Tokai, Japan
| | - R Arita
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Liu Z, Liu W, Zhou R, Cai S, Song Y, Yao Q, Lu X, Liu J, Liu Z, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Wang P, Liu Z, Li G, Shen D. Electron-plasmon interaction induced plasmonic-polaron band replication in epitaxial perovskite SrIrO 3 films. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:433-440. [PMID: 36654180 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Electron-boson interaction is fundamental to a thorough understanding of various exotic properties emerging in many-body physics. In photoemission spectroscopy, photoelectron emission due to photon absorption would trigger diverse collective excitations in solids, including the emergence of phonons, magnons, electron-hole pairs, and plasmons, which naturally provides a reliable pathway to study electron-boson couplings. While fingerprints of electron-phonon/-magnon interactions in this state-of-the-art technique have been well investigated, much less is known about electron-plasmon coupling, and direct observation of the band renormalization solely due to electron-plasmon interactions is extremely challenging. Here by utilizing integrated oxide molecular-beam epitaxy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we discover the long sought-after pure electron-plasmon coupling-induced low-lying plasmonic-polaron replica bands in epitaxial semimetallic SrIrO3 films, in which the characteristic low carrier concentration and narrow bandwidth combine to provide a unique platform where the electron-plasmon interaction can be investigated kinematically in photoemission spectroscopy. This finding enriches the forms of electron band normalization on collective modes in solids and demonstrates that, to obtain a complete understanding of the quasiparticle dynamics in 5d electron systems, the electron-plasmon interaction should be considered on equal footing with the acknowledged electron-electron interaction and spin-orbit coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wanling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ruixiang Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Songhua Cai
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yekai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qi Yao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiangle Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jishan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhonghao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Dawei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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13
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Ma X, Cheng Z, Tian M, Liu X, Cui X, Huang Y, Tan S, Yang J, Wang B. Formation of Plasmonic Polarons in Highly Electron-Doped Anatase TiO 2. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:430-436. [PMID: 33290081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The existence of various quasiparticles of polarons because of electron-boson couplings plays important roles in determining electron transport in titanium dioxide (TiO2), which affects a wealth of physical properties from catalysis to interfacial superconductivity. In addition to the well-defined Fröhlich polarons whose electrons are dressed by the phonon clouds, it has been theoretically predicted that electrons can also couple to their own plasmonic oscillations, namely, the plasmonic polarons. Here we experimentally demonstrate the formation of plasmonic polarons in highly doped anatase TiO2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our results show that the energy separation of plasmon-loss satellites follows a dependence on √n, where n is the electron density, manifesting the characteristic of plasmonic polarons. The spectral functions enable to quantitatively evaluate the strengths of electron-plasmon and electron-phonon couplings, respectively, providing an effective approach for characterizing the interplays among different bosonic modes in the complicate many-body interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhengwang Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mingyang Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuefeng Cui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yaobo Huang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Shijing Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics (CAS), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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14
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Li H, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Qin M, Xia S, Wang L. Investigation of acoustic plasmons in vertically stacked metal/dielectric/graphene heterostructures for multiband coherent perfect absorption. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:37577-37589. [PMID: 33379590 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coherent absorption, as the time-reversed counterpart to laser, has been widely proposed recently to flexibly modulate light-matter interactions in two-dimensional materials. However, the multiband coherent perfect absorption (CPA) in atomically thin materials still has been elusive. We exploit the multiband CPA in vertically stacked metal/dielectric/graphene heterostructures via ultraconfined acoustic plasmons which can reduce the photon wavelength by a factor of about 70 and thus enable multiple-order resonances on a graphene ribbon of finite width. Under the illumination of two counter-propagating coherent beams, the two-stage coupling scheme is used for exciting multispectral acoustic plasmon resonances on the heterostructure simultaneously, thereby contributing to the ultimate multiband CPA in the mid-infrared region. The strong dependence of the nearly linear dispersion of acoustic plasmons on the chemical potential in graphene and the separation between the metal and the graphene allows the tunability in spectral positions of absorption peaks. Intriguingly, the absorption of each resonant peak is continuously tuned by varying the relative amplitude of two counter-propagating beams, and even their phase difference, respectively. The maximum modulation depth of 4.46*105 is observed. The scattering matrix is employed to demonstrate the principle of CPA and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations are used for elucidating the flexible tunability. More importantly, the multiband coherent absorber is robust to the incident angle, and thus undoubtedly benefits extensive applications on optoelectronic and engineering technology areas for modulators and optical switches.
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15
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Semiconductor to metal transition in two-dimensional gold and its van der Waals heterostack with graphene. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2236. [PMID: 32376867 PMCID: PMC7203110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) transition metals has attracted growing attention for both fundamental and application-oriented investigations, such as 2D magnetism, nanoplasmonics and non-linear optics. However, the large-area synthesis of this class of materials in a single-layer form poses non-trivial difficulties. Here we present the synthesis of a large-area 2D gold layer, stabilized in between silicon carbide and monolayer graphene. We show that the 2D-Au ML is a semiconductor with the valence band maximum 50 meV below the Fermi level. The graphene and gold layers are largely non-interacting, thereby defining a class of van der Waals heterostructure. The 2D-Au bands, exhibit a 225 meV spin-orbit splitting along the [Formula: see text] direction, making it appealing for spin-related applications. By tuning the amount of gold at the SiC/graphene interface, we induce a semiconductor to metal transition in the 2D-Au, which has not yet been observed and hosts great interest for fundamental physics.
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16
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Jeon I, Noh H, Baek J. Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characteristics and Applications. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:2282-2293. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In‐Yup Jeon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringWonkwang University 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
- Graphene Edge Co. Ltd. 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan Jeonbuk 54538 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk‐Jun Noh
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic FrameworksUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong‐Beom Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic FrameworksUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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17
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Nigge P, Qu AC, Lantagne-Hurtubise É, Mårsell E, Link S, Tom G, Zonno M, Michiardi M, Schneider M, Zhdanovich S, Levy G, Starke U, Gutiérrez C, Bonn D, Burke SA, Franz M, Damascelli A. Room temperature strain-induced Landau levels in graphene on a wafer-scale platform. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw5593. [PMID: 31723598 PMCID: PMC6839937 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a powerful playground for studying a plethora of quantum phenomena. One of the remarkable properties of graphene arises when it is strained in particular geometries and the electrons behave as if they were under the influence of a magnetic field. Previously, these strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields have been explored on the nano- and micrometer-scale using scanning probe and transport measurements. Heteroepitaxial strain, in contrast, is a wafer-scale engineering method. Here, we show that pseudomagnetic fields can be generated in graphene through wafer-scale epitaxial growth. Shallow triangular nanoprisms in the SiC substrate generate strain-induced uniform fields of 41 T, enabling the observation of strain-induced Landau levels at room temperature, as detected by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and confirmed by model calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of exploiting strain-induced quantum phases in two-dimensional Dirac materials on a wafer-scale platform, opening the field to new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Nigge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A. C. Qu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - É. Lantagne-Hurtubise
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - E. Mårsell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S. Link
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G. Tom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Zonno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Michiardi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M. Schneider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S. Zhdanovich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - G. Levy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - U. Starke
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. Gutiérrez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - D. Bonn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S. A. Burke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
| | - M. Franz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
| | - A. Damascelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
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18
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Ban WJ, Wu DS, Xu B, Luo JL, Xiao H. Revealing 'plasmaron' feature in DySb by optical spectroscopy study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:405701. [PMID: 31242466 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab2d1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report magnetic susceptibility, resistivity and optical spectroscopy study on single crystal sample DySb. It exhibits extremely large magnetoresistance (XMR), and a magnetic phase transition from paramagnetic (PM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) state at about 10 K. A 'screened' plasma edge at about 4000 cm-1 is revealed by optical measurement, which suggests that the material has a low carrier density. With decreasing temperature, the 'screened' plasma edge shows a blue shift, possibly due to a decrease of the effective mass of carriers. Notably, an anomalous temperature dependent midinfrared absorption feature is observed in the vicinity of the 'screened' plasma edge. In addition, it can be connected to the inflection point in the real part of the dielectric function [Formula: see text], the frequency of which exactly tracks the temperature dependent 'screened' plasma frequency. This phenomena can be explained by the appearance of a coupled electron-plasmon 'plasmaron' feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Ban
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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19
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Candu N, Man I, Simion A, Cojocaru B, Coman SM, Bucur C, Primo A, Garcia H, Parvulescu VI. Nitrogen-doped graphene as metal free basic catalyst for coupling reactions. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Bessler R, Duerig U, Koren E. The dielectric constant of a bilayer graphene interface. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1702-1706. [PMID: 36134207 PMCID: PMC9417051 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00350e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The interlayer relative dielectric constant, ε r, of 2-dimensional (2D) materials in general and graphitic materials in particular is one of their most important physical properties, especially for electronic applications. In this work, we study the electromechanical actuation of nano-scale graphitic contacts. We find that beside the adhesive forces there are capacitive forces that scale parabolically with the potential drop across the sheared interface. We use this phenomena to measure the intrinsic dielectric constant of the bilayer graphene interface i.e. ε r = 6 ± 2, which is in perfect agreement with recent theoretical predictions for multi-layer graphene structures. Our method can be generally used to extract the dielectric properties of 2D materials systems and interfaces and our results pave the way for utilizing graphitic and other 2D materials in electromechanical based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Bessler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology 3200003 Haifa Israel
| | - Urs Duerig
- SwissLitho AG Technopark 8005 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Elad Koren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology 3200003 Haifa Israel
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21
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Simion A, Candu N, Coman SM, Primo A, Esteve-Adell I, Michelet V, Parvulescu VI, Garcia H. Bimetallic Oriented ( Au
/ Cu2
O) vs. Monometallic 1.1.1 Au
(0) or 2.0.0 Cu2
O Graphene-Supported Nanoplatelets as Very Efficient Catalysts for Michael and Henry Additions. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrada Simion
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Biochemistry and Catalysis; University of Bucharest; 4-12 Regina ElisabetaBlv. 030016 Bucharest Romania
| | - Natalia Candu
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Biochemistry and Catalysis; University of Bucharest; 4-12 Regina ElisabetaBlv. 030016 Bucharest Romania
| | - Simona M. Coman
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Biochemistry and Catalysis; University of Bucharest; 4-12 Regina ElisabetaBlv. 030016 Bucharest Romania
| | - Ana Primo
- Instituto Universitario de TecnologiaQuimica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Universidad Politecnica de Valencia; Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Ivan Esteve-Adell
- Instituto Universitario de TecnologiaQuimica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Universidad Politecnica de Valencia; Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Véronique Michelet
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 CNRS, Parc Valrose; Faculté des Sciences; University Côte d′Azur; 06100 Nice France
| | - Vasile I. Parvulescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Biochemistry and Catalysis; University of Bucharest; 4-12 Regina ElisabetaBlv. 030016 Bucharest Romania
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Instituto Universitario de TecnologiaQuimica Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Universidad Politecnica de Valencia; Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Cai Y, Song J, Qiao D, Chen Q, Hu F, Wang P, Huang K, He P. Calcium intercalation underneath N-layer graphene on 6H-SiC(0001). Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Riley JM, Caruso F, Verdi C, Duffy LB, Watson MD, Bawden L, Volckaert K, van der Laan G, Hesjedal T, Hoesch M, Giustino F, King PDC. Crossover from lattice to plasmonic polarons of a spin-polarised electron gas in ferromagnetic EuO. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2305. [PMID: 29899336 PMCID: PMC5998015 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong many-body interactions in solids yield a host of fascinating and potentially useful physical properties. Here, from angle-resolved photoemission experiments and ab initio many-body calculations, we demonstrate how a strong coupling of conduction electrons with collective plasmon excitations of their own Fermi sea leads to the formation of plasmonic polarons in the doped ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO. We observe how these exhibit a significant tunability with charge carrier doping, leading to a polaronic liquid that is qualitatively distinct from its more conventional lattice-dominated analogue. Our study thus suggests powerful opportunities for tailoring quantum many-body interactions in solids via dilute charge carrier doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Riley
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - F Caruso
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - C Verdi
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - L B Duffy
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- ISIS, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - M D Watson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - L Bawden
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - K Volckaert
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - G van der Laan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - T Hesjedal
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - M Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
- DESY Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, D-22603, Germany.
| | - F Giustino
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.
| | - P D C King
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK.
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Sonntag J, Reichardt S, Wirtz L, Beschoten B, Katsnelson MI, Libisch F, Stampfer C. Impact of Many-Body Effects on Landau Levels in Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:187701. [PMID: 29775369 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.187701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present magneto-Raman spectroscopy measurements on suspended graphene to investigate the charge carrier density-dependent electron-electron interaction in the presence of Landau levels. Utilizing gate-tunable magnetophonon resonances, we extract the charge carrier density dependence of the Landau level transition energies and the associated effective Fermi velocity v_{F}. In contrast to the logarithmic divergence of v_{F} at zero magnetic field, we find a piecewise linear scaling of v_{F} as a function of the charge carrier density, due to a magnetic-field-induced suppression of the long-range Coulomb interaction. We quantitatively confirm our experimental findings by performing tight-binding calculations on the level of the Hartree-Fock approximation, which also allow us to estimate an excitonic binding energy of ≈6 meV contained in the experimentally extracted Landau level transitions energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sonntag
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Reichardt
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - L Wirtz
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - B Beschoten
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M I Katsnelson
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - F Libisch
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - C Stampfer
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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25
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Rokni H, Lu W. Nanoscale Probing of Interaction in Atomically Thin Layered Materials. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:288-297. [PMID: 29532029 PMCID: PMC5833011 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
We combine conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to reveal the interaction of atomically thin layered materials (ATLMs) down to nanoscale lateral dimension. The setup also allows quantifying, for the first time, the effect of layer number and electric field on the dielectric constant of ATLMs with few-layer down to monolayer thickness. Our CAFM-assisted electrostatic technique shows that high-quality mono- and bilayer graphene is reliably produced at significant yields only by the shear type of bond breaking between layers, whereas the normal type of bond breaking exhibits a very stochastic process mainly due to the coexistence of local delamination and interlayer twist. Our dielectric constant measurements also reveal a very weak dependence on the layer number and the electric field (up to our experimental limit of 0.1 V/Å), which is in contrast with theoretical reports. Owing to unexpectedly large variations in the screening ability of pristine monolayer graphene under ambient conditions, we further demonstrate that the effective dielectric constant of monolayer graphene can be engineered to provide a broad spectrum of dielectric responses (3.5-17) through oxidation and thermal annealing, thus confirming its much higher chemical reactivity than bilayer and few layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rokni
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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27
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Torbatian Z, Asgari R. Plasmon modes of bilayer molybdenum disulfide: a density functional study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:465701. [PMID: 28816178 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa86b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We explore the collective electronic excitations of bilayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) using density functional theory together with random phase approximation. The many-body dielectric function and electron energy-loss spectra are calculated using an ab initio based model involving material-realistic physical properties. The electron energy-loss function of the bilayer MoS2 system is found to be sensitive to either electron or hole doping and this is due to the fact that the Kohn-Sham band dispersions are not symmetric for energies above and below the zero Fermi level. Three plasmon modes are predicted, a damped high-energy mode, one optical mode (in-phase mode) for which the plasmon dispersion exhibits [Formula: see text] in the long wavelength limit originating from low-energy electron scattering and finally a highly damped acoustic mode (out-of-phase mode).
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Torbatian
- School of Nano Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
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28
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Liu D, Chen S, Zhang S, Ma N. Intrinsic plasmarons in warm graphene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:425601. [PMID: 28737502 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa81ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on a self-consistent method, we predict theoretically that there exist intrinsic plasmarons in graphene at nonzero temperature, with a well defined mode, as shown by the result of Landau damping. We find that there are sharp differences between the discussed system and the QCD/QED system. Firstly, the thermal mass is proportional to [Formula: see text] but not [Formula: see text]. Secondly, at [Formula: see text], the fermion channel and plasmaron channel are nearly degenerate, and furthermore the energy difference between fermion and plasmaron becomes larger and larger with increasing q in the region [Formula: see text]. Thirdly, the fermion behaves as a 'relativistic particle' with nonzero mass, and the plasmaron exhibits an abnormal dispersion at moderate momentum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People's Republic of China
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29
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Zheng H, Gan Y, Abbamonte P, Wagner LK. Importance of σ Bonding Electrons for the Accurate Description of Electron Correlation in Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:166402. [PMID: 29099202 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.166402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electron correlation in graphene is unique because of the interplay between the Dirac cone dispersion of π electrons and long-range Coulomb interaction. Because of the zero density of states at Fermi level, the random phase approximation predicts no metallic screening at long distance and low energy, so one might expect that graphene should be a poorly screened system. However, empirically graphene is a weakly interacting semimetal, which leads to the question of how electron correlations take place in graphene at different length scales. We address this question by computing the equal time and dynamic structure factor S(q) and S(q,ω) of freestanding graphene using ab initio fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo simulations and the random phase approximation. We find that the σ electrons contribute strongly to S(q,ω) for relevant experimental values of ω even at distances up to around 80 Å. These findings illustrate how the emergent physics from underlying Coulomb interactions results in the observed weakly correlated semimetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihuo Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - Peter Abbamonte
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
| | - Lucas K Wagner
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
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30
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Cheng G, Qin W, Lin MH, Wei L, Fan X, Zhang H, Gwo S, Zeng C, Hou JG, Zhang Z. Substantially Enhancing Quantum Coherence of Electrons in Graphene via Electron-Plasmon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:156803. [PMID: 29077465 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.156803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The interplays between different quasiparticles in solids lay the foundation for a wide spectrum of intriguing quantum effects, yet how the collective plasmon excitations affect the quantum transport of electrons remains largely unexplored. Here we provide the first demonstration that when the electron-plasmon coupling is introduced, the quantum coherence of electrons in graphene is substantially enhanced with the quantum coherence length almost tripled. We further develop a microscopic model to interpret the striking observations, emphasizing the vital role of the graphene plasmons in suppressing electron-electron dephasing. The novel and transformative concept of plasmon-enhanced quantum coherence sheds new insight into interquasiparticle interactions, and further extends a new dimension to exploit nontrivial quantum phenomena and devices in solid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei Qin
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Meng-Hsien Lin
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Laiming Wei
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Huayang Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Changgan Zeng
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J G Hou
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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31
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Li Y, Li Z, Chi C, Shan H, Zheng L, Fang Z. Plasmonics of 2D Nanomaterials: Properties and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600430. [PMID: 28852608 PMCID: PMC5566264 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonics has developed for decades in the field of condensed matter physics and optics. Based on the classical Maxwell theory, collective excitations exhibit profound light-matter interaction properties beyond classical physics in lots of material systems. With the development of nanofabrication and characterization technology, ultra-thin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials attract tremendous interest and show exceptional plasmonic properties. Here, we elaborate the advanced optical properties of 2D materials especially graphene and monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), review the plasmonic properties of graphene, and discuss the coupling effect in hybrid 2D nanomaterials. Then, the plasmonic tuning methods of 2D nanomaterials are presented from theoretical models to experimental investigations. Furthermore, we reveal the potential applications in photocatalysis, photovoltaics and photodetections, based on the development of 2D nanomaterials, we make a prospect for the future theoretical physics and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Ziwei Li
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Cheng Chi
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Hangyong Shan
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Liheng Zheng
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- School of PhysicsState Key Lab for Mesoscopic PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum MatterPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
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32
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Cui P, Choi JH, Zeng C, Li Z, Yang J, Zhang Z. A Kinetic Pathway toward High-Density Ordered N Doping of Epitaxial Graphene on Cu(111) Using C 5NCl 5 Precursors. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7196-7202. [PMID: 28497683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pristine graphene possesses high electrical mobility, but its low charge carrier density severely limits its technological significance. Past efforts to increase graphene's carrier density via chemical doping have shown limited successes, accompanied by substantial reductions in the mobility caused by disordered dopants. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we propose to grow graphene on Cu(111) via self-assembly of C5NCl5 molecular precursors to achieve high-density (1/6) and highly ordered nitrogen doping. Such a process relies on the elegant concerted roles played by the London dispersion, chemical, and screened Coulomb repulsive forces in enhancing molecular adsorption, facilitating easy dechlorination, and dictating the overall orientation of the C5N radicals, respectively. Further growth from the orientationally correlated graphene islands is accompanied by significantly minimized density of grain boundaries as the grains coalesce to form larger N-doped graphene sheets, which are further shown to possess superb electronic properties for future device applications. Initial kinetic processes involved in N-doped graphene growth using C5NH5 precursors are also investigated and contrasted with that of C5NCl5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cui
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Physics, Hanyang University , 17 Haengdang-Dong, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Changgan Zeng
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials (ICQD), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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33
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Sung S, Kim S, Lee P, Kim J, Ryu M, Park H, Kim K, Min BI, Chung J. Observation of variable hybridized-band gaps in Eu-intercalated graphene. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:205201. [PMID: 28345532 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa6951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report europium (Eu)-induced changes in the π-band of graphene (G) formed on the 6H-SiC(0001) surface by a combined study of photoemission measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our photoemission data reveal that Eu intercalates upon annealing at 120 °C into the region between the graphene and the buffer layer (BL) to form a G/Eu/BL system, where a band gap of 0.29 eV opens at room temperature. This band gap is found to increase further to 0.48 eV upon cooling down to 60 K. Our DFT calculations suggest that the increased band gap originates from the enhanced hybridization of the graphene π-band with the Eu 4f band due to the increased magnetic ordering upon cooling. These Eu atoms continue to intercalate further down below the BL to produce bilayer graphene (G/BL/Eu) upon annealing at 300 °C. The π-band stemming from the BL then exhibits another band gap of 0.37 eV, which appears to be due to the strong hybridization between the π-band of the BL and the Eu 4f band. The Eu-intercalated graphene thus illustrates an example of versatile band gaps formed under different thermal treatments, which may play a critical role for future applications in graphene-based electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Sung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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34
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Pavlyukh Y. Padé resummation of many-body perturbation theories. Sci Rep 2017; 7:504. [PMID: 28356576 PMCID: PMC5428253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00355-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In a typical scenario the diagrammatic many-body perturbation theory generates asymptotic series. Despite non-convergence, the asymptotic expansions are useful when truncated to a finite number of terms. This is the reason for the popularity of leading-order methods such as the GW approximation in condensed matter, molecular and atomic physics. Appropriate truncation order required for the accurate description of strongly correlated materials is, however, not known a priori. Here an efficient method based on the Padé approximation is introduced for the regularization of perturbative series allowing to perform higher-order self-consistent calculations and to make quantitative predictions on the convergence of many-body perturbation theories. The theory is extended towards excited states where the Wick theorem is not directly applicable. Focusing on the plasmon-assisted photoemission from graphene, we treat diagrammatically electrons coupled to the excited state plasmons and predict new spectral features that can be observed in the time-resolved measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pavlyukh
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, P.O. Box 3049, 67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany. .,Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany.
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35
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Fanciulli M, Volfová H, Muff S, Braun J, Ebert H, Minár J, Heinzmann U, Dil JH. Spin Polarization and Attosecond Time Delay in Photoemission from Spin Degenerate States of Solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:067402. [PMID: 28234536 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.067402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
After photon absorption, electrons from a dispersive band of a solid require a finite time in the photoemission process before being photoemitted as free particles, in line with recent attosecond-resolved photoemission experiments. According to the Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith model, the time delay is due to a phase shift of different transitions that occur in the process. Such a phase shift is also at the origin of the angular dependent spin polarization of the photoelectron beam, observable in spin degenerate systems without angular momentum transfer by the incident photon. We propose a semiquantitative model which permits us to relate spin and time scales in photoemission from condensed matter targets and to better understand spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SARPES) experiments on spin degenerate systems. We also present the first experimental determination by SARPES of this time delay in a dispersive band, which is found to be greater than 26 as for electrons emitted from the sp-bulk band of the model system Cu(111).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fanciulli
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Henrieta Volfová
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximillian University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Muff
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximillian University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hubert Ebert
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximillian University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Minár
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximillian University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- New Technologies-Research Center, University of West Bohemia, CZ-30614 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrich Heinzmann
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - J Hugo Dil
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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36
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Quantifying electronic band interactions in van der Waals materials using angle-resolved reflected-electron spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13621. [PMID: 27897180 PMCID: PMC5141287 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
High electron mobility is one of graphene's key properties, exploited for applications and fundamental research alike. Highest mobility values are found in heterostructures of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, which consequently are widely used. However, surprisingly little is known about the interaction between the electronic states of these layered systems. Rather pragmatically, it is assumed that these do not couple significantly. Here we study the unoccupied band structure of graphite, boron nitride and their heterostructures using angle-resolved reflected-electron spectroscopy. We demonstrate that graphene and boron nitride bands do not interact over a wide energy range, despite their very similar dispersions. The method we use can be generally applied to study interactions in van der Waals systems, that is, artificial stacks of layered materials. With this we can quantitatively understand the ‘chemistry of layers' by which novel materials are created via electronic coupling between the layers they are composed of. Heterostructures of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride have great potential for high-mobility electronics, yet little is known about the electronic interaction between these two atomically thin materials. Here, the authors perform angle-resolved reflected-electron spectroscopy to unveil their interplay.
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37
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Pavlyukh Y, Uimonen AM, Stefanucci G, van Leeuwen R. Vertex Corrections for Positive-Definite Spectral Functions of Simple Metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:206402. [PMID: 27886474 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.206402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of vertex corrections in a homogeneous electron gas at metallic densities. The vertex diagrams are built using a recently proposed positive-definite diagrammatic expansion for the spectral function. The vertex function not only provides corrections to the well known plasmon and particle-hole scatterings, but also gives rise to new physical processes such as the generation of two plasmon excitations or the decay of the one-particle state into a two-particle-one-hole state. By an efficient Monte Carlo momentum integration we are able to show that the additional scattering channels are responsible for a reduction of the bandwidth, the appearance of a secondary plasmon satellite below the Fermi level, and a substantial redistribution of spectral weights. The feasibility of the approach for first-principles band-structure calculations is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pavlyukh
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany and Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, P.O. Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - A-M Uimonen
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - G Stefanucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R van Leeuwen
- Department of Physics and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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38
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Zhuravlev AS, Kuznetsov VA, Kulik LV, Bisti VE, Kirpichev VE, Kukushkin IV, Schmult S. Artificially Constructed Plasmarons and Plasmon-Exciton Molecules in 2D Metals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:196802. [PMID: 27858449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.196802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Resonant optical excitation was used to create a macroscopic nonequilibrium ensemble of "dark" excitons with an unprecedented long lifetime in a two-dimensional electron system placed in a quantizing magnetic field. Exotic three-particle and four-particle states, plasmarons and plasmon-exciton molecules, coupled with the surrounding electrons through the collective plasma oscillations are engineered. Plasmarons and plasmon-exciton molecules are manifested as new features in the recombination spectra of nonequilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Zhuravlev
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - V A Kuznetsov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - L V Kulik
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - V E Bisti
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - V E Kirpichev
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - I V Kukushkin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - S Schmult
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Vishwakarma R, Shinde SM, Rosmi MS, Takahashi C, Papon R, Mahyavanshi RD, Ishii Y, Kawasaki S, Kalita G, Tanemura M. Influence of oxygen on nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber growth directly on nichrome foil. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:365602. [PMID: 27479000 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/36/365602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of various nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon nanostructures has been significantly explored as an alternative material for energy storage and metal-free catalytic applications. Here, we reveal a direct growth technique of N-doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on flexible nichrome (NiCr) foil using melamine as a solid precursor. Highly reactive Cr plays a critical role in the nanofiber growth process on the metal alloy foil in an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) process. Oxidation of Cr occurs in the presence of oxygen impurities, where Ni nanoparticles are formed on the surface and assist the growth of nanofibers. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) clearly show the transformation process of the NiCr foil surface with annealing in the presence of oxygen impurities. The structural change of NiCr foil assists one-dimensional (1D) CNF growth, rather than the lateral two-dimensional (2D) growth. The incorporation of distinctive graphitic and pyridinic nitrogen in the graphene lattice are observed in the synthesized nanofiber, owing to better nitrogen solubility. Our finding shows an effective approach for the synthesis of highly N-doped carbon nanostructures directly on Cr-based metal alloys for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riteshkumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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40
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Jung SW, Shin WJ, Kim J, Moreschini L, Yeom HW, Rotenberg E, Bostwick A, Kim KS. Sublattice Interference as the Origin of σ Band Kinks in Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:186802. [PMID: 27203340 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.186802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Kinks near the Fermi level observed in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) have been widely accepted to represent electronic coupling to collective excitations, but kinks at higher energies have eluded a unified description. We identify the mechanism leading to such kink features by means of ARPES and tight-binding band calculations on σ bands of graphene, where anomalous kinks at energies as high as ∼4 eV were reported recently [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 216806 (2013)]. We found that two σ bands show a strong intensity modulation with abruptly vanishing intensity near the kink features, which is due to sublattice interference. The interference induced local singularity in the matrix element is a critical factor that gives rise to apparent kink features, as confirmed by our spectral simulations without involving any coupling to collective excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Jung
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Woo Jong Shin
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Luca Moreschini
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Han Woong Yeom
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Keun Su Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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41
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Abstract
By doping magnetic Ce atoms on a single layer graphene, we report a new and efficient means of modifying structural and electronic properties of graphene that opens a temperature-dependent band gap of size up to 0.5 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingul Kim
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- Korea
| | - Paengro Lee
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- Korea
| | - Mintae Ryu
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- Korea
| | - Heemin Park
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- Korea
| | - Jinwook Chung
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 37673
- Korea
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42
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Sung S, Lee SH, Lee P, Kim J, Park H, Ryu M, Kim N, Hwang C, Jhi SH, Chung J. Band modification of graphene by using slow Cs+ ions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report new wide band gap engineering for graphene using slow Cs+ ions, which allows both fine-tuning and on–off switching capability of the band gap in a range suitable for most applications sustaining the nature of Dirac fermions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Sung
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Paengro Lee
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Jingul Kim
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Heemin Park
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Mintae Ryu
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Namdong Kim
- Beamline Research Division
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Choongyu Hwang
- Department of Physics
- Pusan National University
- Busan 609-735
- Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Jhi
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
| | - Jinwook Chung
- Department of Physics
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang 790-784
- Korea
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43
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Baldovino FH, Quitain AT, Dugos NP, Roces SA, Koinuma M, Yuasa M, Kida T. Synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-functionalized graphene oxide in high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22885b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful N-functionalization of graphene oxide with high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia obtaining over 10% N-doping level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. H. Baldovino
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Gokongwei College of Engineering
- De La Salle University
- 0922 Manila
- Philippines
| | - A. T. Quitain
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku
- Japan
| | - Nathaniel P. Dugos
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Gokongwei College of Engineering
- De La Salle University
- 0922 Manila
- Philippines
| | - Susan A. Roces
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Gokongwei College of Engineering
- De La Salle University
- 0922 Manila
- Philippines
| | - Masayoshi Koinuma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku
- Japan
| | - M. Yuasa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry
- Kinki University
- Iizuka
- Japan
| | - T. Kida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Kumamoto University
- Chuo-ku
- Japan
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44
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Verbitskiy NI, Fedorov AV, Profeta G, Stroppa A, Petaccia L, Senkovskiy B, Nefedov A, Wöll C, Usachov DY, Vyalikh DV, Yashina LV, Eliseev AA, Pichler T, Grüneis A. Atomically precise semiconductor--graphene and hBN interfaces by Ge intercalation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17700. [PMID: 26639608 PMCID: PMC4671056 DOI: 10.1038/srep17700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The full exploration of the potential, which graphene offers to nanoelectronics requires its integration into semiconductor technology. So far the real-world applications are limited by the ability to concomitantly achieve large single-crystalline domains on dielectrics and semiconductors and to tailor the interfaces between them. Here we show a new direct bottom-up method for the fabrication of high-quality atomically precise interfaces between 2D materials, like graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and classical semiconductor via Ge intercalation. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and complementary DFT modelling we observed for the first time that epitaxially grown graphene with the Ge monolayer underneath demonstrates Dirac Fermions unaffected by the substrate as well as an unperturbed electronic band structure of hBN. This approach provides the intrinsic relativistic 2D electron gas towards integration in semiconductor technology. Hence, these new interfaces are a promising path for the integration of graphene and hBN into state-of-the-art semiconductor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Verbitskiy
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Strudlhofgasse 4, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straβe 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Materials Science, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Fedorov
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straβe 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
- IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - G Profeta
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 10, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Via Vetoio 10, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Stroppa
- CNR-SPIN, Via Vetoio 10, I-67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - L Petaccia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - B Senkovskiy
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straβe 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 10, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Nefedov
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - C Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - D Yu Usachov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - D V Vyalikh
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 10, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Departamento de Fisica de Materiales and CFM-MPC UPV/EHU, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - L V Yashina
- JSC "Giredmet" SRC RF, Tolmachevky St. 5-1 B, 119017 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Eliseev
- Department of Materials Science, Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1/3, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Pichler
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Strudlhofgasse 4, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Grüneis
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straβe 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
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45
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Huttmann F, Martínez-Galera AJ, Caciuc V, Atodiresei N, Schumacher S, Standop S, Hamada I, Wehling TO, Blügel S, Michely T. Tuning the van der Waals Interaction of Graphene with Molecules via Doping. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:236101. [PMID: 26684126 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.236101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We use scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize and thermal desorption spectroscopy to quantitatively measure that the binding of naphthalene molecules to graphene, a case of pure van der Waals interaction, strengthens with n and weakens with p doping of graphene. Density-functional theory calculations that include the van der Waals interaction in a seamless, ab initio way accurately reproduce the observed trend in binding energies. Based on a model calculation, we propose that the van der Waals interaction is modified by changing the spatial extent of graphene's π orbitals via doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Huttmann
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | | | - Vasile Caciuc
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicolae Atodiresei
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Schumacher
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Sebastian Standop
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Ikutaro Hamada
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) and Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tim O Wehling
- Bremen Center for Computational Material Science (BCCMS), Universität Bremen, Am Fallturm 1a, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Blügel
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Michely
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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46
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Wu HC, Chaika AN, Huang TW, Syrlybekov A, Abid M, Aristov VY, Molodtsova OV, Babenkov SV, Marchenko D, Sánchez-Barriga J, Mandal PS, Varykhalov AY, Niu Y, Murphy BE, Krasnikov SA, Lübben O, Wang JJ, Liu H, Yang L, Zhang H, Abid M, Janabi YT, Molotkov SN, Chang CR, Shvets I. Transport Gap Opening and High On-Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries. ACS NANO 2015; 9:8967-8975. [PMID: 26302083 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Trilayer graphene exhibits exceptional electronic properties that are of interest both for fundamental science and for technological applications. The ability to achieve a high on-off current ratio is the central question in this field. Here, we propose a simple method to achieve a current on-off ratio of 10(4) by opening a transport gap in Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene. We synthesized Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene with self-aligned periodic nanodomain boundaries (NBs) on the technologically relevant vicinal cubic-SiC(001) substrate and performed electrical measurements. Our low-temperature transport measurements clearly demonstrate that the self-aligned periodic NBs can induce a charge transport gap greater than 1.3 eV. More remarkably, the transport gap of ∼0.4 eV persists even at 100 K. Our results show the feasibility of creating new electronic nanostructures with high on-off current ratios using graphene on cubic-SiC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chun Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander N Chaika
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences , Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Tsung-Wei Huang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Askar Syrlybekov
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mourad Abid
- KSU-Aramco Center, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Victor Yu Aristov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences , Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432, Russian Federation
- HASYLAB at DESY , D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg , Jungiusstrasse 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - D Marchenko
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin , D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Yuran Niu
- MAX-lab, Lund University , Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Barry E Murphy
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Olaf Lübben
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Huajun Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Electronic Engineering Institute , Hefei 230037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhou Zhang
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mohamed Abid
- KSU-Aramco Center, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya T Janabi
- Saudi Aramco Materials Performance Unit TSD, Research & Development Center, Dharhan 31311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei N Molotkov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences , Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Ching-Ray Chang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Igor Shvets
- CRANN, School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
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47
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48
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Wang F, Li Q, Lin L, Peng H, Liu Z, Xu D. Monodisperse Copper Chalcogenide Nanocrystals: Controllable Synthesis and the Pinning of Plasmonic Resonance Absorption. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12006-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Center
for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Peng
- Center
for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Center
for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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49
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Tomadin A, Principi A, Song JCW, Levitov LS, Polini M. Accessing Phonon Polaritons in Hyperbolic Crystals by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:087401. [PMID: 26340206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.087401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently studied hyperbolic materials host unique phonon-polariton (PP) modes. The ultrashort wavelengths of these modes, as well as their low damping, hold promise for extreme subdiffraction nanophotonics schemes. Polar hyperbolic materials such as hexagonal boron nitride can be used to realize long-range coupling between PP modes and extraneous charge degrees of freedom. The latter, in turn, can be used to control and probe PP modes. Here we analyze coupling between PP modes and plasmons in an adjacent graphene sheet, which opens the door to accessing PP modes by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). A rich structure in the graphene ARPES spectrum due to PP modes is predicted, providing a new probe of PP modes and their coupling to graphene plasmons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tomadin
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Principi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Justin C W Song
- Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics and Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Leonid S Levitov
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Marco Polini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
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50
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Sun C, Figge F, Ozfidan I, Korkusinski M, Yan X, Li LS, Hawrylak P, McGuire JA. Biexciton Binding of Dirac fermions Confined in Colloidal Graphene Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5472-5476. [PMID: 26192636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present transient absorption measurements and microscopic theory of biexciton binding in triangular colloidal graphene quantum dots consisting of 168 sp(2)-hybridized C atoms. We observe optical transitions from the lowest orbitally dark singlet exciton states to states below the energy of an unbound dark+bright singlet-exciton pair. Through microscopic calculations of the low-energy exciton and biexciton states via tight-binding, Hartree-Fock, and configuration interaction methods, the spectra reveal a biexciton consisting primarily of a dark-bright singlet-pair bound by ∼0.14 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Sun
- †Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Florian Figge
- †Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Isil Ozfidan
- §Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marek Korkusinski
- ‡Quantum Theory Group, Security and Disruptive Technologies, Emerging Technologies Division, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A OR6 Canada
| | - Xin Yan
- ∥Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Liang-shi Li
- ∥Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Pawel Hawrylak
- §Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - John A McGuire
- †Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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