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Huang M, Dong J, Guo H, Xiao M, Wang D. Identification of long noncoding RNAs reveals the effects of dinotefuran on the brain in Apis mellifera (Hymenopptera: Apidae). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:502. [PMID: 34217210 PMCID: PMC8254963 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dinotefuran (CAS No. 165252–70-0), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used to protect various crops against invertebrate pests and has been associated with numerous negative sublethal effects on honey bees. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in mediating various biological and pathological processes, involving transcriptional and gene regulation. The effects of dinotefuran on lncRNA expression and lncRNA function in the honey bee brain are still obscure. Results Through RNA sequencing, a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs was performed following exposure to 0.01 mg/L dinotefuran for 1, 5, and 10 d. In total, 312 lncRNAs and 1341 mRNAs, 347 lncRNAs and 1458 mRNAs, and 345 lncRNAs and 1155 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed (DE) on days 1, 5 and 10, respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that the dinotefuran-treated group showed enrichment in carbohydrate and protein metabolism and immune-inflammatory responses such as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversion, and Hippo and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Moreover, the DE lncRNA TCONS_00086519 was shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to be distributed mainly in the cytoplasm, suggesting that it may serve as a competing endogenous RNA and a regulatory factor in the immune response to dinotefuran. Conclusion This study characterized the expression profile of lncRNAs upon exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides in young adult honey bees and provided a framework for further study of the role of lncRNAs in honey bee growth and the immune response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07811-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haikun Guo
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Xiao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deqian Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Coulon M, Schurr F, Martel AC, Cougoule N, Bégaud A, Mangoni P, Di Prisco G, Dalmon A, Alaux C, Ribière-Chabert M, Le Conte Y, Thiéry R, Dubois E. Influence of chronic exposure to thiamethoxam and chronic bee paralysis virus on winter honey bees. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220703. [PMID: 31415597 PMCID: PMC6695216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-exposure to pesticides and viruses is likely to occur in honey bee colonies. Pesticides can be present in pollen, nectar, and persist in stored food (honey and bee bread), and viruses can be highly prevalent in honey bee colonies. Therefore, the present study describes the influence of chronic co-exposure to thiamethoxam and Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) on bee survival, virus loads, expression level of immune and detoxication genes, and pesticide metabolism Experiments were performed on honey bees collected from a winter apiary with reduced viral contaminations. No synergistic effect of co-exposure was observed on bee survival, nor on the ability of bees to metabolise the pesticide into clothianidin. However, we found that co-exposure caused an increase in CBPV loads that reached the viral levels usually found in overt infections. The effect of co-exposure on CBPV replication was associated with down-regulation of vitellogenin and dorsal-1a gene transcription. Nevertheless, the observed effects might be different to those occurring in spring or summer bees, which are more likelyco-exposed to thiamethoxam and CBPV and exhibit a different physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Coulon
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | - Frank Schurr
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Anne-Claire Martel
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Nicolas Cougoule
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Adrien Bégaud
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Patrick Mangoni
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Gennaro Di Prisco
- University of Napoli “Federico II”—Department of Agriculture, Portici, Napoli, Italy
- CREA, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Center for Agriculture and Environment, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anne Dalmon
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | - Cédric Alaux
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | | | - Yves Le Conte
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | - Richard Thiéry
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Eric Dubois
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honey bee Pathology, Sophia Antipolis, France
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3
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Monchanin C, Henry M, Decourtye A, Dalmon A, Fortini D, Bœuf E, Dubuisson L, Aupinel P, Chevallereau C, Petit J, Fourrier J. Hazard of a neonicotinoid insecticide on the homing flight of the honeybee depends on climatic conditions and Varroa infestation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:360-368. [PMID: 30826706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The paradigm for all toxicological bioassays in the risk assessment of pesticide registration reflects the principle that experimental conditions should be controlled to avoid any other factors that may affect the endpoint measures. As honeybee colonies can be frequently exposed to bio-aggressors in real conditions, often concomitantly with pesticides, co-exposure to pesticide/bio-aggressors is becoming a concern for regulatory authorities. We investigated the effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam on the homing performances of foragers emerging from colonies differentiated by health status (infestation with Varroa destructor mites, microsporidian parasite Nosema spp. and Deformed Wing Virus). We designed a homing test that has been recently identified to fill a regulatory gap in the field evaluations of sublethal doses of pesticides before their registration. We also assessed the effect of temperature as an environmental factor. Our results showed that the Varroa mite exacerbates homing failure (HF) caused by the insecticide, whereas high temperatures reduce insecticide-induced HF. Through an analytical Effective Dose (ED) approach, predictive modeling results showed that, for instance, ED level of an uninfested colony, can be divided by 3.3 when the colony is infested by 5 Varroa mites per 100 bees and at a temperature of 24 °C. Our results suggest that the health status of honeybee colonies and climatic context should be targeted for a thorough risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Monchanin
- ACTA, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Mickaël Henry
- UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Axel Decourtye
- ACTA, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Anne Dalmon
- UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Dominique Fortini
- INRA, Unité expérimentale Abeilles, paysages, interactions et systèmes de culture, F 17700, Surgères, France
| | - Elodie Bœuf
- UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Ludovic Dubuisson
- ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Pierrick Aupinel
- INRA, Unité expérimentale Abeilles, paysages, interactions et systèmes de culture, F 17700, Surgères, France
| | - Colombe Chevallereau
- INRA, Unité expérimentale Abeilles, paysages, interactions et systèmes de culture, F 17700, Surgères, France
| | - Julie Petit
- ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France
| | - Julie Fourrier
- ITSAP-Institut de l'Abeille, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France; UMT Protection des Abeilles dans l'Environnement, Site Agroparc, F 84914, Avignon, France.
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4
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Melin A, Rouget M, Colville JF, Midgley JJ, Donaldson JS. Assessing the role of dispersed floral resources for managed bees in providing supporting ecosystem services for crop pollination. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5654. [PMID: 30280031 PMCID: PMC6164548 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most pollination ecosystem services studies have focussed on wild pollinators and their dependence on natural floral resources adjacent to crop fields. However, managed pollinators depend on a mixture of floral resources that are spatially separated from the crop field. Here, we consider the supporting role these resources play as an ecosystem services provider to quantify the use and availability of floral resources, and to estimate their relative contribution to support pollination services of managed honeybees. Beekeepers supplying pollination services to the Western Cape deciduous fruit industry were interviewed to obtain information on their use of floral resources. For 120 apiary sites, we also analysed floral resources within a two km radius of each site based on geographic data. The relative availability of floral resources at sites was compared to regional availability. The relative contribution of floral resources-types to sustain managed honeybees was estimated. Beekeepers showed a strong preference for eucalypts and canola. Beekeepers selectively placed more hives at sites with eucalypt and canola and less with natural vegetation. However, at the landscape-scale, eucalypt was the least available resource, whereas natural vegetation was most common. Based on analysis of apiary sites, we estimated that 700,818 ha of natural vegetation, 73,910 ha of canola fields, and 10,485 ha of eucalypt are used to support the managed honeybee industry in the Western Cape. Whereas the Cape managed honeybee system uses a bee native to the region, alien plant species appear disproportionately important among the floral resources being exploited. We suggest that an integrated approach, including evidence from interview and landscape data, and fine-scale biological data is needed to study floral resources supporting managed honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalie Melin
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Jonathan F. Colville
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jeremy J. Midgley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John S. Donaldson
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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5
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Hu YT, Tang CK, Wu CP, Wu PC, Yang EC, Tai CC, Wu YL. Histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment restores memory-related gene expression and learning ability in neonicotinoid-treated Apis mellifera. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 27:512-521. [PMID: 29693770 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Apis mellifera plays crucial roles in maintaining the balance of global ecosystems and stability of agricultural systems by helping pollination of flowering plants, including many crops. In recent years, this balance has been disrupted greatly by some pesticides, which results in great losses of honeybees worldwide. Previous studies have found that pesticide-caused memory loss might be one of the major reasons for colony loss. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are chemical compounds that inhibit the activity of histone deacetylases and are known to cause hyperacetylation of histone cores and influence gene expression. In our study, the HDACi sodium butyrate was applied to honeybees as a dietary supplement. The effect of sodium butyrate on the expression profiles of memory-related genes was analysed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The results revealed that this HDACi had up-regulation effects on most of the memory-related genes in bees, even in bees treated with imidacloprid. In addition, using the proboscis extension reflex to evaluate olfactory learning in bees, we found that this HDACi boosted the memory formation of bees after impairment owing to imidacloprid exposure. This study investigated the association between gene expression and memory formation from an epigenetic perspective. Additionally, we further demonstrate the possibility of enhancing bee learning using HDACis and provide initial data for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Hu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-K Tang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-P Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-C Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - E-C Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-C Tai
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-L Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Coulon M, Schurr F, Martel AC, Cougoule N, Bégaud A, Mangoni P, Dalmon A, Alaux C, Le Conte Y, Thiéry R, Ribière-Chabert M, Dubois E. Metabolisation of thiamethoxam (a neonicotinoid pesticide) and interaction with the Chronic bee paralysis virus in honeybees. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 144:10-18. [PMID: 29463403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens and pesticides are likely to co-occur in honeybee hives, but much remains to be investigated regarding their potential interactions. Here, we first investigated the metabolisation kinetics of thiamethoxam in chronically fed honeybees. We show that thiamethoxam, at a dose of 0.25ng/bee/day, is quickly and effectively metabolised into clothianidin, throughout a 20day exposure period. Using a similar chronic exposure to pesticide, we then studied, in a separate experiment, the impact of thiamethoxam and Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) co-exposure in honeybees. The honeybees were exposed to the virus by contact, mimicking the natural transmission route in the hive. We demonstrate that a high dose of thiamethoxam (5.0ng/bee/day) can cause a synergistic increase in mortality in co-exposed honeybees after 8 to 10days of exposure, with no increase in viral loads. At a lower dose (2.5ng/bee/day), there was no synergistic increase of mortality, but viral loads were significantly higher in naturally dead honeybees, compared with sacrificed honeybees exposed to the same conditions. These results show that the interactions between pathogens and pesticides in honeybees can be complex: increasing pesticide doses may not necessarily be linked to a rise in viral loads, suggesting that honeybee tolerance to the viral infection might change with pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Coulon
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France; INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France.
| | - F Schurr
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A-C Martel
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - N Cougoule
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A Bégaud
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - P Mangoni
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - A Dalmon
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - C Alaux
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - Y Le Conte
- INRA PACA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France
| | - R Thiéry
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - M Ribière-Chabert
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - E Dubois
- ANSES Sophia Antipolis, Unit of Honeybee Pathology, 105, Route des Chappes, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France.
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7
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Wei Y, Wu Y, Chang Q, Xie M, Wang X, Mo J, He X, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. Ultrasonic-assisted modification of a novel silkworm-excrement-based porous carbon with various Lewis acid metal ions for the sustained release of the pesticide thiamethoxam. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04595f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasonic-assisted metal modification of a novel biocarbon for enhance the sustained release (∼40 days) of pesticide thiamethoxam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Qing Chang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Meixuan Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Jinwen Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Xuekun He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
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8
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Bakker F. Design and analysis of field studies with bees: A critical review of the draft EFSA guidance. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2016; 12:422-8. [PMID: 26436642 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The specific protection goal, primary assessment endpoints, acceptable effect thresholds, and experimental design proposed in the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) update of the bee guidance document are subjected to critical review. It is concluded that the negligible effect criteria were established without sufficient regulatory definition and without convincing scientific argumentation. For the assessment endpoints, effects on hive strength lack temporal definition and the reduction to numbers of bees is inappropriate to evaluate effects. Restricting mortality assessments to homing failure is not theoretically justified and specific criteria were incorrectly derived. The combination of acute effect estimates with models for chronic stressors is biased risk assessment and a temporal basis for the acceptability of effects is missing. Effects on overwintering success cannot be experimentally assessed using the proposed criteria. The experimental methodology proposed is inappropriate and the logistical consequences, in particular those related to replication and land use are such that field studies are no longer a feasible option for the risk assessment. It may be necessary to explore new lines of thought for the set-up of field studies and to clearly separate experimentation from monitoring. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2016;12:422-428. © 2015 SETAC.
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9
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Calatayud-Vernich P, Calatayud F, Simó E, Suarez-Varela MM, Picó Y. Influence of pesticide use in fruit orchards during blooming on honeybee mortality in 4 experimental apiaries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:33-41. [PMID: 26398448 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Samples of dead honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were collected periodically from 4 different locations during citrus and stone fruit trees blooming season to evaluate the potential impact of agrochemicals on honey bee death rate. For the determination of mortality, dead honey bee traps were placed in front of the experimental hives entrance located in areas of intensive agriculture in Valencian Community (Spain). A total of 34 bee samples, obtained along the monitoring period, were analyzed by means of QuEChERS extraction method and screened for 58 pesticides or their degradation products by LC-MS/MS. An average of four pesticides per honey bee sample was detected. Coumaphos, an organophosphate acaricide used against varroosis in the experimental hives, was detected in 94% of the samples. However, this acaricide was unlikely to be responsible for honey bee mortality because its constantly low concentration during all the monitoring period, even before and after acute mortality episodes. The organophosphates chlorpyrifos and dimethoate, as well as the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, were the most frequently detected agrochemicals. Almost 80% of the samples had chlorpyrifos, 68% dimethoate, and 32% imidacloprid. Maximum concentrations for these three compounds were 751, 403, 223 ng/g respectively. Influence of these pesticides on acute honey bee mortality was demonstrated by comparing coincidence between death rate and concentrations of chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and imidacloprid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Calatayud-Vernich
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Research Center on Desertification (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Fernando Calatayud
- Agrupación de Defensa Sanitaria Apícola (apiADS), Ctra. Montroi-Turís, 46193 Montroi, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Simó
- Agrupación de Defensa Sanitaria Apícola (apiADS), Ctra. Montroi-Turís, 46193 Montroi, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Morales Suarez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, University of Valencia; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Center for Advanced Research in Public Health (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Research Center on Desertification (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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10
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Ratti V, Kevan PG, Eberl HJ. A Mathematical Model of the Honeybee–Varroa destructor–Acute Bee Paralysis Virus System with Seasonal Effects. Bull Math Biol 2015; 77:1493-520. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-015-0093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Pisa LW, Amaral-Rogers V, Belzunces LP, Bonmatin JM, Downs CA, Goulson D, Kreutzweiser DP, Krupke C, Liess M, McField M, Morrissey CA, Noome DA, Settele J, Simon-Delso N, Stark JD, Van der Sluijs JP, Van Dyck H, Wiemers M. Effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on non-target invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:68-102. [PMID: 25223353 PMCID: PMC4284392 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the state of knowledge regarding the effects of large-scale pollution with neonicotinoid insecticides and fipronil on non-target invertebrate species of terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. A large section of the assessment is dedicated to the state of knowledge on sublethal effects on honeybees (Apis mellifera) because this important pollinator is the most studied non-target invertebrate species. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Lumbricidae (earthworms), Apoidae sensu lato (bumblebees, solitary bees) and the section "other invertebrates" review available studies on the other terrestrial species. The sections on freshwater and marine species are rather short as little is known so far about the impact of neonicotinoid insecticides and fipronil on the diverse invertebrate fauna of these widely exposed habitats. For terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate species, the known effects of neonicotinoid pesticides and fipronil are described ranging from organismal toxicology and behavioural effects to population-level effects. For earthworms, freshwater and marine species, the relation of findings to regulatory risk assessment is described. Neonicotinoid insecticides exhibit very high toxicity to a wide range of invertebrates, particularly insects, and field-realistic exposure is likely to result in both lethal and a broad range of important sublethal impacts. There is a major knowledge gap regarding impacts on the grand majority of invertebrates, many of which perform essential roles enabling healthy ecosystem functioning. The data on the few non-target species on which field tests have been performed are limited by major flaws in the outdated test protocols. Despite large knowledge gaps and uncertainties, enough knowledge exists to conclude that existing levels of pollution with neonicotinoids and fipronil resulting from presently authorized uses frequently exceed the lowest observed adverse effect concentrations and are thus likely to have large-scale and wide ranging negative biological and ecological impacts on a wide range of non-target invertebrates in terrestrial, aquatic, marine and benthic habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Pisa
- Environmental Sciences, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
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Henry M, Bertrand C, Le Féon V, Requier F, Odoux JF, Aupinel P, Bretagnolle V, Decourtye A. Pesticide risk assessment in free-ranging bees is weather and landscape dependent. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4359. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Laycock I, Cresswell JE. Repression and recuperation of brood production in Bombus terrestris bumble bees exposed to a pulse of the neonicotinoid pesticide imidacloprid. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79872. [PMID: 24224015 PMCID: PMC3817108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is concern about declining bee populations and some blame the residues of neonicotinoid pesticides in the nectar and pollen of treated crops. Bumble bees are important wild pollinators that are widely exposed to dietary neonicotinoids by foraging in agricultural environments. In the laboratory, we tested the effect of a pulsed exposure (14 days 'on dose' followed by 14 days 'off dose') to a common neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, on the amount of brood (number of eggs and larvae) produced by Bombus terrestris L. bumble bees in small, standardised experimental colonies (a queen and four adult workers). During the initial 'on dose' period we observed a dose-dependent repression of brood production in colonies, with productivity decreasing as dosage increased up to 98 µg kg(-1) dietary imidacloprid. During the following 'off dose' period, colonies showed a dose-dependent recuperation such that total brood production during the 28-day pulsed exposure was not correlated with imidacloprid up to 98 µg kg(-1). Our findings raise further concern about the threat to wild bumble bees from neonicotinoids, but they also indicate some resilience to a pulsed exposure, such as that arising from the transient bloom of a treated mass-flowering crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Laycock
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Cresswell
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Centre for Pollination Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Derecka K, Blythe MJ, Malla S, Genereux DP, Guffanti A, Pavan P, Moles A, Snart C, Ryder T, Ortori CA, Barrett DA, Schuster E, Stöger R. Transient exposure to low levels of insecticide affects metabolic networks of honeybee larvae. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68191. [PMID: 23844170 PMCID: PMC3699529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of a species depends on its capacity to adjust to changing environmental conditions, and new stressors. Such new, anthropogenic stressors include the neonicotinoid class of crop-protecting agents, which have been implicated in the population declines of pollinating insects, including honeybees (Apis mellifera). The low-dose effects of these compounds on larval development and physiological responses have remained largely unknown. Over a period of 15 days, we provided syrup tainted with low levels (2 µg/L(-1)) of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid to beehives located in the field. We measured transcript levels by RNA sequencing and established lipid profiles using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry from worker-bee larvae of imidacloprid-exposed (IE) and unexposed, control (C) hives. Within a catalogue of 300 differentially expressed transcripts in larvae from IE hives, we detect significant enrichment of genes functioning in lipid-carbohydrate-mitochondrial metabolic networks. Myc-involved transcriptional response to exposure of this neonicotinoid is indicated by overrepresentation of E-box elements in the promoter regions of genes with altered expression. RNA levels for a cluster of genes encoding detoxifying P450 enzymes are elevated, with coordinated downregulation of genes in glycolytic and sugar-metabolising pathways. Expression of the environmentally responsive Hsp90 gene is also reduced, suggesting diminished buffering and stability of the developmental program. The multifaceted, physiological response described here may be of importance to our general understanding of pollinator health. Muscles, for instance, work at high glycolytic rates and flight performance could be impacted should low levels of this evolutionarily novel stressor likewise induce downregulation of energy metabolising genes in adult pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Derecka
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Blythe
- Deep Seq, Centre for Genetics and Genomics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sunir Malla
- Deep Seq, Centre for Genetics and Genomics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Diane P. Genereux
- Biology Department, Westfield State University, Westfield, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Charles Snart
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Catharine A. Ortori
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene Schuster
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reinhard Stöger
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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Guidance on the risk assessment of plant protection products on bees (Apis mellifera, Bombus spp. and solitary bees). EFSA J 2013. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment for bees for the active substance thiamethoxam. EFSA J 2013. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Scientific Opinion on the science behind the development of a risk assessment of Plant Protection Products on bees (Apis mellifera,Bombusspp. and solitary bees). EFSA J 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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