1
|
Gong JC, Jin H, Li BH, Tian Y, Liu CY, Li PF, Liu Q, Ingeniero RCO, Yang GP. Emissions of Nitric Oxide from Photochemical and Microbial Processes in Coastal Waters of the Yellow and East China Seas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4039-4049. [PMID: 36808991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an atmospheric pollutant and climate forcer as well as a key intermediary in the marine nitrogen cycle, but the ocean's NO contribution and production mechanisms remain unclear. Here, high-resolution NO observations were conducted simultaneously in the surface ocean and the lower atmosphere of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea; moreover, NO production from photolysis and microbial processes was analyzed. The NO sea-air exchange showed uneven distributions (RSD = 349.1%) with an average flux of 5.3 ± 18.5 × 10-17 mol cm-2 s-1. In coastal waters where nitrite photolysis was the predominant source (89.0%), NO concentrations were remarkably higher (84.7%) than the overall average of the study area. The NO from archaeal nitrification accounted for 52.8% of all microbial production (11.0%). We also examined the relationship between gaseous NO and ozone which helped identify sources of atmospheric NO. The sea-to-air flux of NO in coastal waters was narrowed by contaminated air with elevated NO concentrations. These findings indicate that the emissions of NO from coastal waters, mainly controlled by reactive nitrogen inputs, will increase with the reduced terrestrial NO discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Chen Gong
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Shandong Qingdao Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bing-Han Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Chun-Ying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | | | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Omar NM, Fleury K, Beardsall B, Prášil O, Campbell DA. Genomic capacities for Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism across marine phytoplankton. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284580. [PMID: 37098087 PMCID: PMC10128935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine phytoplankton produce and scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species, to support cellular processes, while limiting damaging reactions. Some prokaryotic picophytoplankton have, however, lost all genes encoding scavenging of hydrogen peroxide. Such losses of metabolic function can only apply to Reactive Oxygen Species which potentially traverse the cell membrane outwards, before provoking damaging intracellular reactions. We hypothesized that cell radius influences which elements of Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism are partially or fully dispensable from a cell. We therefore investigated genomes and transcriptomes from diverse marine eukaryotic phytoplankton, ranging from 0.4 to 44 μm radius, to analyze the genomic allocations encoding enzymes metabolizing Reactive Oxygen Species. Superoxide has high reactivity, short lifetimes and limited membrane permeability. Genes encoding superoxide scavenging are ubiquitous across phytoplankton, but the fractional gene allocation decreased with increasing cell radius, consistent with a nearly fixed set of core genes for scavenging superoxide pools. Hydrogen peroxide has lower reactivity, longer intracellular and extracellular lifetimes and readily crosses cell membranes. Genomic allocations to both hydrogen peroxide production and scavenging decrease with increasing cell radius. Nitric Oxide has low reactivity, long intracellular and extracellular lifetimes and readily crosses cell membranes. Neither Nitric Oxide production nor scavenging genomic allocations changed with increasing cell radius. Many taxa, however, lack the genomic capacity for nitric oxide production or scavenging. The probability of presence of capacity to produce nitric oxide decreases with increasing cell size, and is influenced by flagella and colony formation. In contrast, the probability of presence of capacity to scavenge nitric oxide increases with increasing cell size, and is again influenced by flagella and colony formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naaman M Omar
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
| | - Katherine Fleury
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brian Beardsall
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Institute of Microbiology, Center Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Trebon, CZ, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dunn AK. Alternative oxidase in bacteria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148929. [PMID: 36265564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
While alternative oxidase (AOX) was discovered in bacteria in 2003, the expression, function, and evolutionary history of this protein in these important organisms is largely unexplored. To date, expression and functional analysis is limited to studies in the Proteobacteria Novosphingobium aromaticivorans and Vibrio fischeri, where AOX likely plays roles in maintenance of cellular energy homeostasis and supporting responses to cellular stress. This review describes the history of the study of AOX in bacteria, details current knowledge of the predicted biochemical and structural characteristics, distribution, and function of bacterial AOX, and highlights interesting areas for the future study of AOX in bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Dunn
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song W, Liu XY, Houlton BZ, Liu CQ. Isotopic constraints confirm the significant role of microbial nitrogen oxides emissions from the land and ocean environment. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac106. [PMID: 36128454 PMCID: PMC9477198 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx, the sum of nitric oxide (NO) and N dioxide (NO2)) emissions and deposition have increased markedly over the past several decades, resulting in many adverse outcomes in both terrestrial and oceanic environments. However, because the microbial NOx emissions have been substantially underestimated on the land and unconstrained in the ocean, the global microbial NOx emissions and their importance relative to the known fossil-fuel NOx emissions remain unclear. Here we complied data on stable N isotopes of nitrate in atmospheric particulates over the land and ocean to ground-truth estimates of NOx emissions worldwide. By considering the N isotope effect of NOx transformations to particulate nitrate combined with dominant NOx emissions in the land (coal combustion, oil combustion, biomass burning and microbial N cycle) and ocean (oil combustion, microbial N cycle), we demonstrated that microbial NOx emissions account for 24 ± 4%, 58 ± 3% and 31 ± 12% in the land, ocean and global environment, respectively. Corresponding amounts of microbial NOx emissions in the land (13.6 ± 4.7 Tg N yr−1), ocean (8.8 ± 1.5 Tg N yr−1) and globe (22.5 ± 4.7 Tg N yr−1) are about 0.5, 1.4 and 0.6 times on average those of fossil-fuel NOx emissions in these sectors. Our findings provide empirical constraints on model predictions, revealing significant contributions of the microbial N cycle to regional NOx emissions into the atmospheric system, which is critical information for mitigating strategies, budgeting N deposition and evaluating the effects of atmospheric NOx loading on the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University , Tianjin , 300072 , China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University , Tianjin , 300072 , China
| | - Benjamin Z Houlton
- Department of Global Development and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14850 , USA
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University , Tianjin , 300072 , China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Adesina AO, Sakugawa H. Photochemically generated nitric oxide in seawater: The peroxynitrite sink and its implications for daytime air quality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 781:146683. [PMID: 33794463 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we experimentally investigated the magnitude of the peroxynitrite sink: a radical-radical consumption mechanism for photochemically generated nitric oxide (NO) in surface seawater that describes NO reactions with co-generated superoxide (O2-) to yield peroxynitrite (ONOO-). Measurements of photochemically generated NO, O2- and ONOO- were conducted on seawater samples obtained from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Nitrite, dissolved organic carbon, chromophoric dissolved organic matter and pH were also measured in the same samples using standard analytical methods. The average photoformation rates of NO, O2- and ONOO- were: 1.78 × 10-12 M s-1, 7.19 × 10-10 M s-1 and 9.0 × 10-10 M s-1, respectively, and the average steady-state concentrations were: 67.28 × 10-12 M, 2.69 × 10-12 M and 2.26 × 10-11 M, respectively. Further evaluation of the experimental data indicated that the existence of ONOO- in seawater strongly depends on, and is limited by, photoformed NO. Seawater alkalinity favored the consumption of photoformed NO· via the peroxynitrite sink. The magnitude of average sinks (%) calculated from kinetic estimates and experimental data were: 0.17% and 0.11%, respectively. These results show that the consumption of photochemically generated NO· via the peroxynitrite sink is not significant in surface seawater. Therefore, we propose that sea-to-air efflux across the marine boundary layer is the major sink of photochemical NO· and can be regarded as a non-anthropogenic contributor to daytime atmospheric NOx concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeniyi Olufemi Adesina
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sakugawa
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tian Y, Wang KK, Yang GP, Li PF, Liu CY, Ingeniero RCO, Bange HW. Continuous Chemiluminescence Measurements of Dissolved Nitric Oxide (NO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) in the Ocean Surface Layer of the East China Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3668-3675. [PMID: 33620205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived intermediate of the oceanic nitrogen cycle, and it is produced by biological and photochemical processes in the ocean. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a reactive atmospheric compound which has not been determined in the ocean so far. Here, we present the setup and validation of a novel continuous underway measurement system to measure dissolved NO and NO2 in the surface ocean. The system consists of a seawater/gas equilibration component coupled to a chemiluminescence detector. It was successfully deployed during a 12 day cruise to the East China Sea in May 2018. Dissolved NO and NO2 surface concentrations ranged from <limit of detection (LOD) to 98 × 10-12 mol L-1 and <LOD to 83 × 10-12 mol L-1, respectively. The ECS was supersaturated with NO but significantly undersaturated with NO2, indicating that the surface waters were a source for atmospheric NO but a sink for atmospheric NO2 at the time of our measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chun-Ying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | | | - Hermann W Bange
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang H, Wang G, Gu W. Macroalgal blooms caused by marine nutrient changes resulting from human activities. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Center for Ocean Mega‐Science Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and BiotechnologyPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Center for Ocean Mega‐Science Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and BiotechnologyPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Center for Ocean Mega‐Science Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and BiotechnologyPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
De Laurentiis E, Minella M, Berto S, Maurino V, Minero C, Vione D. The fate of nitrogen upon nitrite irradiation: Formation of dissolved vs. gas-phase species. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
9
|
Nitric oxide in marine photosynthetic organisms. Nitric Oxide 2015; 47:34-9. [PMID: 25795592 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a versatile and powerful signaling molecule in plants. However, most of our understanding stems from studies on terrestrial plants and very little is known about marine autotrophs. This review summarizes current knowledge about the source of nitric oxide synthesis in marine photosynthetic organisms and its role in various physiological processes under normal and stress conditions. The interactions of nitric oxide with other stress signals and cross talk among secondary messengers are also highlighted.
Collapse
|
10
|
Anifowose AJ, Takeda K, Sakugawa H. Photoformation rate, steady-state concentration and lifetime of nitric oxide radical (NO·) in a eutrophic river in Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:302-309. [PMID: 25036945 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Monthly measurements (January-December 2013) of the photoformation rate, steady-state concentration and lifetime of nitric oxide radical (NO·) in the Kurose River in Higashi-Hiroshima City, Japan, were obtained. Each month, river water samples were collected at six different stations (upstream to downstream). NO· was quantified using 4, 5-diaminofluorescein-2 (DAF-2) as a probe and triazolofluorescein (DAF-2T) as a standard. Results show that NO· photoformation rate ranged from 0.01 to 35.4 (×10(-10) M s(-1)). The radical steady-state concentration in the river ranged from 0.02 to 68.5 (×10(-11) M). There was a strong correlation (r(2)=0.95) between NO· photoformation rate and the nitrite concentration in the river suggesting that this anion is a major NO· precursor. On average, 98% of the photoformed NO· came from river nitrite, and this was calculated using the photoformation rate constant {5.7×10(-5) M(NO·)s(-1) M(NO2(-))(-1)} of NO· from the anion concentration found in the study. The NO· lifetime ranged from 0.05 to 1.3 s in the river and remained fairly stable in the upstream and downstream samples. The ·OH radical, which was quantified during the study, had a photoformation rate of 0.01-13.4 (×10(-10) M s(-1)) and a steady-state concentration of 0.04-119 (×10(-16) M) with a lifetime that ranged from 0.3 to 22.5 (×10(-6) s). ·OH only accounted for ⩽0.0011% of the total NO· scavenged, showing that it was not a major sink for river NO·.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adebanjo Jacob Anifowose
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Takeda
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sakugawa
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu CY, Kieber DJ, Yang GP, Xue C, Wang LL, Liu HH. Evidence for the mutual effects of dimethylsulfoniopropionate and nitric oxide during the growth of marine microalgae. Nitric Oxide 2014; 42:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
12
|
Bidle KD. The molecular ecophysiology of programmed cell death in marine phytoplankton. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2014; 7:341-75. [PMID: 25251265 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Planktonic, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic photoautotrophs (phytoplankton) share a diverse and ancient evolutionary history, during which time they have played key roles in regulating marine food webs, biogeochemical cycles, and Earth's climate. Because phytoplankton represent the basis of marine ecosystems, the manner in which they die critically determines the flow and fate of photosynthetically fixed organic matter (and associated elements), ultimately constraining upper-ocean biogeochemistry. Programmed cell death (PCD) and associated pathway genes, which are triggered by a variety of nutrient stressors and are employed by parasitic viruses, play an integral role in determining the cell fate of diverse photoautotrophs in the modern ocean. Indeed, these multifaceted death pathways continue to shape the success and evolutionary trajectory of diverse phytoplankton lineages at sea. Research over the past two decades has employed physiological, biochemical, and genetic techniques to provide a novel, comprehensive, mechanistic understanding of the factors controlling this key process. Here, I discuss the current understanding of the genetics, activation, and regulation of PCD pathways in marine model systems; how PCD evolved in unicellular photoautotrophs; how it mechanistically interfaces with viral infection pathways; how stress signals are sensed and transduced into cellular responses; and how novel molecular and biochemical tools are revealing the impact of PCD genes on the fate of natural phytoplankton assemblages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Bidle
- Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ray U, Khan GA, Chakraborty K, Basuroy S, Patra SC, Girish G, Bhattacharya G, Sinha AK. Isolation and study of insulin activated nitric oxide synthase inhibitory protein in acute myocardial infarction subjects. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2012; 33:218-29. [PMID: 22238031 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-011-0672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin inhibits platelet aggregation through nitric oxide synthesis by stimulating platelet insulin activated nitric oxide synthase. Impaired platelet insulin activated nitric oxide synthase in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients had been reported and thus our aim was to identify and isolate the factors impairing insulin activated nitric oxide in acute myocardial infarction patients' plasma and study its effect on platelets aggregation in vitro. The insulin activated nitric oxide synthase inhibitor was identified as a protein and was purified from the plasma of AMI subjects using DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G-50 column, molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE, nitric oxide quantified by methaemoglobin method, inhibitor protein quantified in plasma by immunoblot and ELISA, platelet aggregation studies done using an aggregometer, thromboxane-A2 in the platelets determined by radioimmunoassay, (125)I-insulin radioligand binding studies done using normal subject platelets. The purified nitric oxide synthase inhibitor protein was ~66 kDa, concentration in AMI subjects' plasma varied from 114 to 9,090 μM and was undetected in normal subjects' plasma. The inhibitor protein competes with insulin for insulin receptor binding sites. The Incubation of the normal subject PRP with 5.0 μM inhibitor for 30 min followed by 0.4 μM ADP addition caused platelet aggregation in vitro, 130 μM aspirin or 400 μU insulin/ml addition was able to abrogate 0.4 μM ADP induced platelet aggregation even in the presence of 5.0 μM inhibitor. A potent inhibitory protein against insulin activated nitric oxide synthase in platelets appears in circulation of AMI subjects impairing nitric oxide production, potentiating ADP induced platelet aggregation and increasing the thromboxane-A2 level in platelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Udayan Ray
- Department of Pathology, Royal Hobart Hospital, G.P.O.BOX 1061L, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Calza P, Vione D, Novelli A, Pelizzetti E, Minero C. The role of nitrite and nitrate ions as photosensitizers in the phototransformation of phenolic compounds in seawater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 439:67-75. [PMID: 23063640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite and nitrate are known to be involved in photochemical processes occurring in natural waters. In this study we have investigated the role played by these photosensitizers towards the transformation of xenobiotic organic matter in marine water, with the goal of assessing the typical transformation routes induced in seawater by irradiated nitrite/nitrate. For this purpose, phenol was chosen as model molecule. Phenol transformation was investigated under simulated solar radiation in the presence of nitrite (in the range of 1 × 10(-5)-1 × 10(-2)M) or nitrate ions, in pure water at pH 8, in artificial seawater (containing same dissolved salts as seawater but no organic matter), and in natural seawater. In all experiments, phenol degradation rate and formation of intermediates were assessed. As expected, phenol disappearance rate decreased with decreasing nitrite concentration and was slightly reduced by the presence of chloride. Other salts present in artificial seawater (e.g. HCO(3)(-), CO(3)(2-) and Br(-)) had a more marked effect on phenol transformation. Analysis of intermediates formed in the different matrices under study showed generation of hydroxyl-, nitro- and chloroderivatives of phenol, to a different extent depending on experimental conditions. 1,4-Benzoquinone prevailed in all cases, nitroderivatives were only formed with nitrite but were not detected in nitrate-spiked solutions. Competition was observed between halogenation and nitration of phenol, with variable outcome depending on nitrite concentration. The most likely reason is competition between nitrating and halogenating species for reaction with the phenoxyl radical. A kinetic model able to justify the occurrence of different intermediates under the adopted conditions is presented and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Calza
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schreiber F, Wunderlin P, Udert KM, Wells GF. Nitric oxide and nitrous oxide turnover in natural and engineered microbial communities: biological pathways, chemical reactions, and novel technologies. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:372. [PMID: 23109930 PMCID: PMC3478589 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) is an environmentally important atmospheric trace gas because it is an effective greenhouse gas and it leads to ozone depletion through photo-chemical nitric oxide (NO) production in the stratosphere. Mitigating its steady increase in atmospheric concentration requires an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to its formation in natural and engineered microbial communities. N(2)O is formed biologically from the oxidation of hydroxylamine (NH(2)OH) or the reduction of nitrite (NO(-) (2)) to NO and further to N(2)O. Our review of the biological pathways for N(2)O production shows that apparently all organisms and pathways known to be involved in the catabolic branch of microbial N-cycle have the potential to catalyze the reduction of NO(-) (2) to NO and the further reduction of NO to N(2)O, while N(2)O formation from NH(2)OH is only performed by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). In addition to biological pathways, we review important chemical reactions that can lead to NO and N(2)O formation due to the reactivity of NO(-) (2), NH(2)OH, and nitroxyl (HNO). Moreover, biological N(2)O formation is highly dynamic in response to N-imbalance imposed on a system. Thus, understanding NO formation and capturing the dynamics of NO and N(2)O build-up are key to understand mechanisms of N(2)O release. Here, we discuss novel technologies that allow experiments on NO and N(2)O formation at high temporal resolution, namely NO and N(2)O microelectrodes and the dynamic analysis of the isotopic signature of N(2)O with quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy (QCLAS). In addition, we introduce other techniques that use the isotopic composition of N(2)O to distinguish production pathways and findings that were made with emerging molecular techniques in complex environments. Finally, we discuss how a combination of the presented tools might help to address important open questions on pathways and controls of nitrogen flow through complex microbial communities that eventually lead to N(2)O build-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schreiber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf, Switzerland ; Department of Environmental Systems Sciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vardi A. Cell signaling in marine diatoms. Commun Integr Biol 2012; 1:134-6. [PMID: 19704870 DOI: 10.4161/cib.1.2.6867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine photosynthetic microorganisms (phytoplankton) are the basis of marine foodwebs and are responsible for nearly 50% of the global annual carbon-based primary production.1 Phytoplankton can grow rapidly and form massive blooms that can be regulated by environmental factors such as nutrients and light availability and biotic interaction with grazers and viruses.2,3 Their crucial role in drawing down atmospheric CO(2) and their potential use for future biofuel production4 raises the critical need for better understanding of fundamental features of their biology.5 Although traditionally phytoplankton were considered passive drifters with the currents (from Greek-"Planktos"), our recent reports demonstrate how cells employ a complex mechanism to sense changes in environmental cues and activate chemical-based defense strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Vardi
- Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology; Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences; Rutgers University; New Brunswick, New Jersey USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tamtam F, Chiron S. New insight into photo-bromination processes in saline surface waters: the case of salicylic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 435-436:345-350. [PMID: 22863810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It was shown, through a combination of field and laboratory observations, that salicylic acid can undergo photo-bromination reactions in sunlit saline surface waters. Laboratory-scale experiments revealed that the photochemical yields of 5-bromosalicylic acid and 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid from salicylic acid were always low (in the 4% range at most). However, this might be of concern since these compounds are potential inhibitors of the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme, with potential implications in endocrine disruption processes. At least two mechanisms were involved simultaneously to account for the photo-generation of brominated substances. The first one might involve the formation of reactive brominated radical species (Br, Br(2)(-)) through hydroxyl radical mediated oxidation of bromide ions. These ions reacted more selectively than hydroxyl radicals with electron-rich organic pollutants such as salicylic acid. The second one might involve the formation of hypobromous acid, through a two electron oxidation of bromine ions by peroxynitrite. This reaction was catalyzed by nitrite, since these ions play a crucial role in the formation of nitric oxide upon photolysis. This nitric oxide further reacts with superoxide radical anions to yield peroxynitrite and by ammonium through the formation of N-bromoamines, probably due to the ability of N-bromoamines to promote the aromatic bromination of phenolic compounds. Field measurements revealed the presence of salicylic acid together with 5-bromosalicylic and 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid in a brackish coastal lagoon, thus confirming the environmental significance of the proposed photochemically induced bromination pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Tamtam
- UMR HydroSciences 5569, Montpellier University, 15 Avenue Ch. Flahault, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Olasehinde EF, Takeda K, Sakugawa H. Photochemical production and consumption mechanisms of nitric oxide in seawater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:8403-8408. [PMID: 20954706 DOI: 10.1021/es101426x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO•) is an active odd-nitrogen species that plays a critical role in determining the levels of ozone (O₃) and other nitrogen species in the troposphere. Here, we provide experimental evidence for photochemical formation of NO• in seawater. Photoproduction rates and overall scavenging rate constants were measured by irradiation of surface seawater samples collected from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Photoproduction rates of NO• ranged from 8.7 × 10⁻¹² M s⁻¹ to 38.8 × 10⁻¹² M s⁻¹ and scavenging rate constants were 0.05-0.33 s⁻¹. The steady state concentrations of NO• in seawater, which were calculated from the photoproduction rates and scavenging rate constants were in the range 2.4-32 × 10⁻¹¹ M. Estimation from the scavenging rate constant showed that the NO• lifetime in seawater was a few seconds. Our results indicate that nitrite photolysis plays a crucial role in the formation of NO•, even though we cannot exclude minor contributions from other sources. Analysis of filtered and unfiltered seawater samples showed no significant difference in NO• photoformation rates, which suggests a negligible contribution of NO• produced by photobiological processes. Using an estimated value of the Henry's law constant (kH ≈ 0.0019 M atm⁻¹), a supersaturation of surface seawater of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude was estimated. On the basis of the average values of the surface seawater concentration and the atmospheric NO• concentration, a sea-to-air NO• flux was estimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel F Olasehinde
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Thompson AM, MacFarlane AM, Morris GA, Yorks JE, Miller SK, Taubman BF, Verver G, Vömel H, Avery MA, Hair JW, Diskin GS, Browell EV, Canossa JV, Kucsera TL, Klich CA, Hlavka DL. Convective and wave signatures in ozone profiles over the equatorial Americas: Views from TC4 2007 and SHADOZ. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
20
|
Carlson HK, Vance RE, Marletta MA. H-NOX regulation of c-di-GMP metabolism and biofilm formation in Legionella pneumophila. Mol Microbiol 2010; 77:930-42. [PMID: 20572940 PMCID: PMC2952683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07259.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Haem Nitric oxide/OXygen (H-NOX) binding domains are a family of haemoprotein sensors that are widespread in bacterial genomes, but limited information is available on their function. Legionella pneumophila is the only prokaryote found, thus far, to encode two H-NOX proteins. This paper presents data supporting a role for one of the L. pneumophila H-NOXs in the regulation of biofilm formation. IN SUMMARY (i) unmarked deletions in the hnox1 gene do not affect growth rate in liquid culture or replication in permissive macrophages; (ii) the Δhnox1 strain displays a hyper-biofilm phenotype; (iii) the gene adjacent to hnox1 is a GGDEF-EAL protein, lpg1057, and overexpression in L. pneumophila of this protein, or the well-studied diguanylate cyclase, vca0956, results in a hyper-biofilm phenotype; (iv) the Lpg1057 protein displays diguanylate cyclase activity in vitro and this activity is inhibited by the Hnox1 protein in the Fe(II)-NO ligation state, but not the Fe(II) unligated state; and (v) consistent with the Hnox1 regulation of Lpg1057, unmarked deletions of lpg1057 in the Δhnox1 background results in reversion of the hyper-biofilm phenotype back to wild-type biofilm levels. Taken together, these results suggest a role for hnox1 in regulating c-di-GMP production by lpg1057 and biofilm formation in response to NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans K. Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Russell E. Vance
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Michael A. Marletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kohno M. Applications of electron spin resonance spectrometry for reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species research. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010; 47:1-11. [PMID: 20664724 PMCID: PMC2901757 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.10-13r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has been widely applied in the research of biological free radicals for quantitative and qualitative analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The ESR spin-trapping method was developed in the early 1970s and enabled the analysis of short-lived free radicals. This method is now widely used as one of the most powerful tools for free radical studies. In this report, some of the studies that applied ESR for the measurement of ROS and RNS during oxidative stress are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kohno
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
LIU CY, ZHAO M, REN CY, YANG GP, LI PF, HAN Y. Direct Measurement of Nitric Oxide in Seawater Medium by Fluorometric Method. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(08)60136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
23
|
Olasehinde EF, Takeda K, Sakugawa H. Development of an Analytical Method for Nitric Oxide Radical Determination in Natural Waters. Anal Chem 2009; 81:6843-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901128y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel F. Olasehinde
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takeda
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakugawa
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Barraud N, Storey MV, Moore ZP, Webb JS, Rice SA, Kjelleberg S. Nitric oxide-mediated dispersal in single- and multi-species biofilms of clinically and industrially relevant microorganisms. Microb Biotechnol 2009; 2:370-8. [PMID: 21261931 PMCID: PMC3815757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to induce biofilm dispersal are of interest due to their potential to prevent biofilm formation and biofilm‐related infections. Nitric oxide (NO), an important messenger molecule in biological systems, was previously identified as a signal for dispersal in biofilms of the model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the present study, the use of NO as an anti‐biofilm agent more broadly was assessed. Various NO donors, at concentrations estimated to generate NO levels in the picomolar and low nanomolar range, were tested on single‐species biofilms of relevant microorganisms and on multi‐species biofilms from water distribution and treatment systems. Nitric oxide‐induced dispersal was observed in all biofilms assessed, and the average reduction of total biofilm surface was 63%. Moreover, biofilms exposed to low doses of NO were more susceptible to antimicrobial treatments than untreated biofilms. For example, the efficacy of conventional chlorine treatments at removing multi‐species biofilms from water systems was increased by 20‐fold in biofilms treated with NO compared with untreated biofilms. These data suggest that combined treatments with NO may allow for novel and improved strategies to control biofilms and have widespread applications in many environmental, industrial and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Barraud
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Smith RL, Yoshinari T. Occurrence and turnover of nitric oxide in a nitrogen-impacted sand and gravel aquifer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:8245-8251. [PMID: 19068801 DOI: 10.1021/es801290v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about nitric oxide (NO) production or consumption in the subsurface, an environment which may be conducive to NO accumulation. A study conducted in a nitrogen-contaminated aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts assessed the occurrence and turnover of NO within a contaminant plume in which nitrification and denitrification were known to occur. NO (up to 8.6 nM) was detected in restricted vertical zones located within a nitrate (NO3-) gradient and characterized by low dissolved oxygen (< 10 microM). NO concentrations correlated best with nitrite (NO2-) (up to 35 microM), but nitrous oxide (N2O) (up to 1 microM) also was present. Single-well injection tests were used to determine NO production and consumption in situ within these zones. First-order rate constants for NO consumption were similar (0.05-0.08 h(-1)) at high and low (260 and 10 nM) NO concentrations, suggesting a turnover time at in situ concentrations of 10-20 h. Tracer tests with 15N[NO] demonstrated that oxidation to 15N[NO2-] occurred only during the initial stages, but after 4 h reduction to 15N[N2O] was the primary reaction product. Added NO2- (31 microM) or NO3- (53 microM) resulted in a linear NO accumulation at 2.4 and 1.0 nM h(-1) for the first 6 h of in situ tests. These results suggest that NO was primarily produced by denitrification within this aquifer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Suite E127, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
A diatom gene regulating nitric-oxide signaling and susceptibility to diatom-derived aldehydes. Curr Biol 2008; 18:895-9. [PMID: 18538570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular phytoplankton accounting for approximately 40% of global marine primary productivity [1], yet the molecular mechanisms underlying their ecological success are largely unexplored. We use a functional-genomics approach in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to characterize a novel protein belonging to the widely conserved YqeH subfamily [2] of GTP-binding proteins thought to play a role in ribosome biogenesis [3], sporulation [4], and nitric oxide (NO) generation [5]. Transgenic diatoms overexpressing this gene, designated PtNOA, displayed higher NO production, reduced growth, impaired photosynthetic efficiency, and a reduced ability to adhere to surfaces. A fused YFP-PtNOA protein was plastid localized, distinguishing it from a mitochondria-localized plant ortholog. PtNOA was upregulated in response to the diatom-derived unsaturated aldehyde 2E,4E/Z-decadienal (DD), a molecule previously shown to regulate intercellular signaling, stress surveillance [6], and defense against grazers [7]. Overexpressing cell lines were hypersensitive to sublethal levels of this aldehyde, manifested by altered expression of superoxide dismutase and metacaspases, key components of stress and death pathways [8, 9]. NOA-like sequences were found in diverse oceanic regions, suggesting that a novel NO-based system operates in diatoms and may be widespread in phytoplankton, providing a biological context for NO in the upper ocean [10].
Collapse
|
27
|
Moroz LL, Kohn AB. On the comparative biology of Nitric Oxide (NO) synthetic pathways: Parallel evolution of NO-mediated signaling. Nitric Oxide 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2423(07)01001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
28
|
Vardi A, Formiggini F, Casotti R, De Martino A, Ribalet F, Miralto A, Bowler C. A stress surveillance system based on calcium and nitric oxide in marine diatoms. PLoS Biol 2006; 4:e60. [PMID: 16475869 PMCID: PMC1370914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 12/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are an important group of eukaryotic phytoplankton, responsible for about 20% of global primary productivity. Study of the functional role of chemical signaling within phytoplankton assemblages is still in its infancy although recent reports in diatoms suggest the existence of chemical-based defense strategies. Here, we demonstrate how the accurate perception of diatom-derived reactive aldehydes can determine cell fate in diatoms. In particular, the aldehyde (2E,4E/Z)-decadienal (DD) can trigger intracellular calcium transients and the generation of nitric oxide (NO) by a calcium-dependent NO synthase-like activity, which results in cell death. However, pretreatment of cells with sublethal doses of aldehyde can induce resistance to subsequent lethal doses, which is reflected in an altered calcium signature and kinetics of NO production. We also present evidence for a DD–derived NO-based intercellular signaling system for the perception of stressed bystander cells. Based on these findings, we propose the existence of a sophisticated stress surveillance system in diatoms, which has important implications for understanding the cellular mechanisms responsible for acclimation versus death during phytoplankton bloom successions. Aldehydes released by marine diatoms trigger intracellular calcium transients and nitric oxide generation, which results in cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Vardi
- 1 Laboratory of Diatom Signalling and Morphogenesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
- 2 Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Formiggini
- 2 Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
- 3 Section of Molecular Cytology & Centre for Advanced Microscopy, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Raffaella Casotti
- 4 Laboratory of Ecophysiology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra De Martino
- 1 Laboratory of Diatom Signalling and Morphogenesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
- 2 Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - François Ribalet
- 4 Laboratory of Ecophysiology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Miralto
- 4 Laboratory of Ecophysiology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - Chris Bowler
- 1 Laboratory of Diatom Signalling and Morphogenesis, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
- 2 Laboratory of Cell Signalling, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
von Glasow R, Sander R, Bott A, Crutzen PJ. Modeling halogen chemistry in the marine boundary layer 1. Cloud-free MBL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland von Glasow
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie; Mainz Germany
| | - Rolf Sander
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie; Mainz Germany
| | - Andreas Bott
- Meteorologisches Institut; Universität Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Paul J. Crutzen
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie; Mainz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Maier J, Hecker R, Rockel P, Ninnemann H. Role of nitric oxide synthase in the light-induced development of sporangiophores in Phycomyces blakesleeanus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2001; 126:1323-30. [PMID: 11457983 PMCID: PMC116489 DOI: 10.1104/pp.126.3.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2001] [Revised: 04/13/2001] [Accepted: 04/24/2001] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Blue light controls the development of sporangiophores in the zygomycete Phycomyces blakesleeanus Burgeff. Light represses the production of microsporangiophores and enhances the development of macrosporangiophores. Inhibition of the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor of NO synthase, inhibits this photomorphogenesis. Light induces production of citrulline from arginine in the mycelium and in sporangiophores. The citrulline-forming activity is dependent on NADPH, independent of calcium, and inhibited by NO synthase inhibitors. It is reduced in tetrahydrobiopterin-depleted mycelium. Light induces emission of NO from the developing fungus in the same order of magnitude as citrulline formation from arginine. The NO donor sodium nitroprusside can replace the light effect on sporangiophore development, and inhibitors of NO synthase repress it. We suggest that a fungal NO synthase is involved in sporangiophore development and propose its participation in light signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Maier
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University, Corrensstrasse 41, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
33
|
Asman WA, Hertel O, Berkowicz R, Christensen J, Runge EH, Sørensen LL, Granby K, Nielsen H, Jensen B, Gryning SE, Sempreviva AM, Larsen S, Hummelshøj P, Jensen NO, Allerup P, Jørgensen J, Madsen H, Overgaard S, Vejen F. Atmospheric nitrogen input to the Kattegat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/00785326.1995.10431495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
34
|
Thompson AM, Johnson JE, Torres AL, Bates TS, Kelly KC, Atlas E, Greenberg JP, Donahue NM, Yvon SA, Saltzman ES, Heikes BG, Mosher BW, Shashkov AA, Yegorov VI. Ozone observations and a model of marine boundary layer photochemistry during SAGA 3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/93jd00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
35
|
Torres AL, Thompson AM. Nitric oxide in the equatorial Pacific boundary layer: SAGA 3 measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
36
|
Usui Y, Takebayashi S, Takeuchi M. Photochemical Nitration of Benzoic Acid Derivatives by Irradiation to Nitrate Ions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
37
|
Nitrification and nitric oxide in the oxygen minimum of the eastern tropical North Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(88)90005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
38
|
Suzuki J, Muroga H, Suzuki S. Photochemical mutagen formation from aerobically treated night-soil effluent and the contributive substances. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 1988; 52:257-264. [PMID: 15092599 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(88)90128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/1987] [Accepted: 12/29/1987] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Effluents from a night-soil treatment plant, where night-soil was aerobically treated by an activated sludge process, were irradiated with a UV lamp excluding short wavelengths less than 300 nm as a model of exposure to sunlight and the mutagenicities of the ethylacetate extracts from the irradiated effluents were assayed using Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The extracts exhibited mutagenicity toward S. typhimurium TA98 in the absence of rat liver S9 fraction only when the effluents were fortified with nitrite ion (more than 6 ppm) by over aeration or by artificial addition of nitrite, indicating that a limiting factor for mutagen formation is nitrite ion concentration. Nine organic-N-containing compounds as models of the organic components in the effluent were also irradiated and direct-acting potent mutagens were found to be produced from such compounds having indole moiety as indole, oxindole, tryptophan and tryptamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science University of Tokyo, 12 Ichigaya Funagawara-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Torres AL, Buchan H. Tropospheric nitric oxide measurements over the Amazon Basin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1029/jd093id02p01396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
40
|
|
41
|
Zafiriou OC, Bonneau R. WAVELENGTH-DEPENDENT QUANTUM YIELD OF OH RADICAL FORMATION FROM PHOTOLYSIS OF NITRITE ION IN WATER. Photochem Photobiol 1987. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1987.tb07873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
42
|
Ridley BA, Carroll MA, Gregory GL. Measurements of nitric oxide in the boundary layer and free troposphere over the Pacific Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1029/jd092id02p02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
43
|
Torres AL. Nitric oxide measurements at a nonurban eastern United States site: Wallops instrument results from July 1983 GTE/CITE mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1029/jd090id07p12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
44
|
Thompson AM, Lenschow DH. Mean profiles of trace reactive species in the unpolluted marine surface layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1029/jd089id03p04788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
45
|
Zepp RG, Schlotzhauer PF, Simmons MS, Miller GC, Baughman GL, Wolfe NL. Dynamics of pollutant photoreactions in the hydrosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00584672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
46
|
|
47
|
Liu SC, McFarland M, Kley D, Zafiriou O, Huebert B. Tropospheric NOxand O3budgets in the equatorial Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1029/jc088ic02p01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
48
|
Thompson AM, Cicerone RJ. Clouds and wet removal as causes of variability in the trace-gas composition of the marine troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1029/jc087ic11p08811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
49
|
|
50
|
Olson JM. EVOLUTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND RESPIRATORY PROKARYOTES AND ORGANELLES,? Ann N Y Acad Sci 1981. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb54354.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|