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Zhao C, Guo Q, Zhang T, Han X, Usman D. Procedures from samples to sulfur isotopic data: A review. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9733. [PMID: 38591181 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Sulfur isotopes have been widely used to solve some key scientific questions, especially in the last two decades with advanced instruments and analytical schemes. Different sulfur speciation and multiple isotopes analyzed in laboratories worldwide and in situ microanalysis have also been reported in many articles. However, methods of sampling to measurements are multifarious, and occasionally some inaccuracies are present in published papers. Vague methods may mislead newcomers to the field, puzzle readers, or lead to incorrect data-based correlations. METHODS We have reviewed multiple methods on sulfur isotopic analyses from the perspectives of sampling, laboratory work, and instrumental analysis in order to help reduce operational inhomogeneity and ensure the fidelity of sulfur isotopic data. We do not deem our proposed solutions as the ultimate standard methods but as a lead-in to the overall introduction and summary of the current methods used. RESULTS It has been shown that external contamination and transformation of different sulfur species should be avoided during the sampling, pretreatment, storage, and chemical treatment processes. Conversion rates and sulfur isotopic fractionations during sulfur extraction, purification, and conversion processes must be verified by researchers using standard or known samples. The unification of absence of isotopic fractionation is needed during all steps, and long-term monitoring of standard samples is recommended. CONCLUSION This review compiles more details on different methods in sampling, laboratory operation, and measurement of sulfur isotopes, which is beneficial for researchers' better practice in laboratories. Microanalyses and molecular studies are the frontier techniques that compare the bulk sample with the elemental analysis/continuous flow-gas source stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry method, but the latter is widely used. The development of sulfur isotopic measurements will lead to the innovation in scientific issues with sulfur proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqiu Zhao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tonggang Zhang
- College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Han
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dawuda Usman
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Peters VF, Baken A, Seepma SYMH, Koskamp JA, Fernández-Martínez A, van Driessche AES, Wolthers M. Effect of Solution Stoichiometry on BaSO 4 Crystallization from Turbidity Measurements and Modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2024; 63:78-88. [PMID: 38223498 PMCID: PMC10785810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The impact of solution stoichiometry on the nucleation and growth of BaSO4 was studied by measuring solution transmittance and subsequent fitting to a crystallization model. Our results show that a large excess of either Ba2+ or SO42- ions inhibits both the nucleation and growth of BaSO4. However, for a small excess of Ba2+, the growth is enhanced. The dependence of nucleation and growth rates on supersaturation and solution stoichiometry was captured by a semiempirical rate model. Hence, the solution stoichiometry is a highly relevant parameter while studying all aspects of BaSO4 crystallization, and it could be worthwhile to examine other minerals similarly.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. F.
D. Peters
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A. Baken
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR,
ISTerre, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- ESRF—The
European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S. Y. M. H. Seepma
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. A. Koskamp
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A. Fernández-Martínez
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR,
ISTerre, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A. E. S. van Driessche
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR,
ISTerre, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Instituto
Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (IACT), CSIC—Universidad de Granada, Av. De las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - M. Wolthers
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Park C, Song Y, Kim N, Choi SJ, Chwae U, Jang Y, Kwon S, Kim J, Kim H, Jeong YJ. In-situ δ 18O and 87Sr/ 86Sr proxies in an unconformable clastic unit at the Ordovician-Silurian transition. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15174. [PMID: 37704744 PMCID: PMC10499834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Clastic successions found in the carbonate platform of continental margin during the Ordovician-Silurian Transition (OST) period are archives for interpreting paleo-depositional systems. Here, we report in-situ δ18Oquartz and 87Sr/86Srcarbonate isotope chemo-stratigraphy for an unconformable clastic unit from the Cathaysia terrane that rifted off the Gondwana Supercontinent in the Early Paleozoic Era. Our results suggest a depositional proxy and model for geological events attributed to rapid changes in the sedimentary environment during the OST period. Importantly, these results present crucial clues that infer the influence of Paleo-Tethys Sea opening, global eustatic regression, and rapid sedimentary provenance change. Our study provides insight into paleo-tracer that could be a key method for interpreting depositional system of carbonate platform based on in-situ mineral isotope chemo-stratigraphy that preserves the original value of provenance and geochemical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaewon Park
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yungoo Song
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Namsoo Kim
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ja Choi
- Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ueechan Chwae
- Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yirang Jang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Kwon
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Kim
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joong Jeong
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Li Y, Bian J, Xu P, Sun X, Sun W. Hydrochemistry and strontium isotope fingerprints of solute sources and CO 2 consumption in Changbai Mountain area, Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:91929-91944. [PMID: 37481495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most representative forms of groundwater, mineral water provides a critical understanding of regional hydrogeochemical features and rock weathering processes. However, current studies have mostly focused on the quality of mineral water and have rarely addressed the weathering process during its formation. Therefore, a multi-tracer approach combines chemical parameters, major ions, selected trace elements, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios for mineral water samples in Changbai Mountain during 2020-2021. First, we determined the hydrogeochemical characteristics of different types of mineral water. Secondly, the water-rock interaction processes governing the water mineralization were described to fix the hydrogeochemical background. Thirdly, the chemical weathering rate was calculated. The total dissolved load generated by rock weathering was around 6.76 tons/km2/year in the mineral water catchment area; 44.6% and 36.9% of the dissolved load were derived from silicate and carbonate weathering, respectively. The trace carbonates also played an important role in the overall rock weathering. Finally, after fully considering various influencing factors, we concluded that lithological characteristics and the soil environment rich in organic acids were the most important factors affecting rock weathering in the Changbai Mountain area. Overall, this study highlights the mineral water's role in the fluxes of CO2 in local area and reveals possible influence of the unique ecological and geological environment on rock weathering in Changbai Mountain. It can provide a reference for the subsequent assessment of environmental stability for basalt areas and the possibility of sustainable water resources development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jianmin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiaoqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenhao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Hoefs J, Harmon RS. Isotopic history of seawater: the stable isotope character of the global ocean at present and in the geological past. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2023; 59:349-411. [PMID: 37877261 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2271127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
After the atmosphere, the ocean is the most well-mixed and homogeneous global geochemical reservoir. Both physical and biological processes generate elemental and isotope variations in seawater. Contrasting geochemical behaviors cause elements to be susceptible to different fractionation mechanisms, with their isotopes providing unique insights into the composition and evolution of the ocean over the course of geological history. Supplementing the traditional stable isotopes (H, C, O, N, S) that provide information about ocean processes and past environmental conditions, radiogenic isotope (Sr, Nd, Os, Pb, U) systems can be used as time markers, indicators of terrestrial weathering, and ocean water mass mixing. Recent instrumentation advances have made possible the measurement of natural stable isotope variations produced by both mass-dependent and mass-independent fractionation for an ever-increasing number of metal elements (e.g. Li, B, Mg, Si, Ca, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Cd, Tl, U). The major emphasis in this review is on the isotopic composition of the light elements based on a comparatively large literature. Unlike O, H and S, the stable isotopes of C, N and Si do not have a constant isotopic composition in the modern ocean. The major cations Ca, Mg, and Sr fixed in carbonate shells provide the best proxies for reconstruction of the composition of the ocean in the past. Exhibiting large isotope enrichments in ocean water, B and Li are suitable for the investigation of water/rock interactions and can act as monitors of former oceanic pH. The bioessential elements Zn, Cd, and Ni are indicators of paleoproductivity in the ocean. Characteristic isotope enrichments or depletions of the multivalent elements V, Cr, Fe, Se, Mo, and U record the past redox state of the ocean/atmosphere system. Case studies describe how isotopes have been used to define the seawater composition in the geological past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Hoefs
- Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Russell S Harmon
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Wang J, Tarhan LG, Jacobson AD, Oehlert AM, Planavsky NJ. The evolution of the marine carbonate factory. Nature 2023; 615:265-269. [PMID: 36813968 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate formation is the primary pathway by which carbon is returned from the ocean-atmosphere system to the solid Earth1,2. The removal of dissolved inorganic carbon from seawater by precipitation of carbonate minerals-the marine carbonate factory-plays a critical role in shaping marine biogeochemical cycling1,2. A paucity of empirical constraints has led to widely divergent views on how the marine carbonate factory has changed over time3-5. Here we use geochemical insights from stable strontium isotopes to provide a new perspective on the evolution of the marine carbonate factory and carbonate mineral saturation states. Although the production of carbonates in the surface ocean and in shallow seafloor settings have been widely considered the predominant carbonate sinks for most of the history of the Earth6, we propose that alternative processes-such as porewater production of authigenic carbonates-may have represented a major carbonate sink throughout the Precambrian. Our results also suggest that the rise of the skeletal carbonate factory decreased seawater carbonate saturation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyuan Wang
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Lidya G Tarhan
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Andrew D Jacobson
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Amanda M Oehlert
- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noah J Planavsky
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Wood M, Hayes CT, Paytan A. Global Quaternary Carbonate Burial: Proxy- and Model-Based Reconstructions and Persisting Uncertainties. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2023; 15:277-302. [PMID: 35773213 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-031122-031137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constraining rates of marine carbonate burial through geologic time is critical for interpreting reconstructed changes in ocean chemistry and understanding feedbacks and interactions between Earth's carbon cycle and climate. The Quaternary Period (the past 2.6 million years) is of particular interest due to dramatic variations in sea level that periodically exposed and flooded areas of carbonate accumulation on the continental shelf, likely impacting the global carbonate budget and atmospheric carbon dioxide. These important effects remain poorly quantified. Here, we summarize the importance of carbonate burial in the ocean-climate system, review methods for quantifying carbonate burial across depositional environments, discuss advances in reconstructing Quaternary carbonate burial over the past three decades, and identify gaps and challenges in reconciling the existing records. Emerging paleoceanographic proxies such as the stable strontium and calcium isotope systems, as well as innovative modeling approaches, are highlighted as new opportunities to produce continuous records of global carbonate burial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Wood
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
| | - Christopher T Hayes
- School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, USA;
| | - Adina Paytan
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA;
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8
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Non-traditional stable isotopic analysis for source tracing of atmospheric particulate matter. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Müller G, Börker J, Sluijs A, Middelburg JJ. Detrital Carbonate Minerals in Earth's Element Cycles. GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 2022; 36:e2021GB007231. [PMID: 35859702 PMCID: PMC9285522 DOI: 10.1029/2021gb007231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate if the commonly neglected riverine detrital carbonate fluxes might reconciliate several chemical mass balances of the global ocean. Particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) concentrations in riverine suspended sediments, that is, carbon contained by these detrital carbonate minerals, were quantified at the basin and global scale. Our approach is based on globally representative data sets of riverine suspended sediment composition, catchment properties, and a two-step regression procedure. The present-day global riverine PIC flux is estimated at 3.1 ± 0.3 Tmol C/y (13% of total inorganic carbon export and 4% of total carbon export) with a flux-weighted mean concentration of 0.26 ± 0.03 wt%. The flux prior to damming was 4.1 ± 0.5 Tmol C/y. PIC fluxes are concentrated in limestone-rich, rather dry and mountainous catchments of large rivers near Arabia, South East Asia, and Europe with 2.2 Tmol C/y (67.6%) discharged between 15°N and 45°N. Greenlandic and Antarctic meltwater discharge and ice-rafting additionally contribute 0.8 ± 0.3 Tmol C/y. This amount of detrital carbonate minerals annually discharged into the ocean implies a significant contribution of calcium (∼4.75 Tmol Ca/y) and alkalinity fluxes (∼10 Tmol (eq)/y) to marine mass balances and moderate inputs of strontium (∼5 Gmol Sr/y) based on undisturbed riverine and cryospheric inputs and a dolomite/calcite ratio of 0.1. Magnesium fluxes (∼0.25 Tmol Mg/y), mostly hosted by less-soluble dolomite, are rather negligible. These unaccounted fluxes help in elucidating respective marine mass balances and potentially alter conclusions based on these budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Müller
- Department of Earth SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Janine Börker
- Institute for GeologyCEN (Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability)Universität HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Appy Sluijs
- Department of Earth SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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