1
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Hasper J, Welle K, Swovick K, Hryhorenko J, Ghaemmaghami S, Buchwalter A. Long lifetime and tissue-specific accumulation of lamin A/C in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307049. [PMID: 37966721 PMCID: PMC10651395 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
LMNA mutations cause laminopathies that afflict the cardiovascular system and include Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. The origins of tissue specificity in these diseases are unclear as the lamin A/C proteins are broadly expressed. We show that LMNA transcript levels are not predictive of lamin A/C protein levels across tissues and use quantitative proteomics to discover that tissue context and disease mutation each influence lamin A/C protein's lifetime. Lamin A/C's lifetime is an order of magnitude longer in the aorta, heart, and fat, where laminopathy pathology is apparent, than in the liver and intestine, which are spared from the disease. Lamin A/C is especially insoluble in cardiovascular tissues, which may limit degradation and promote protein stability. Progerin is even more long lived than lamin A/C in the cardiovascular system and accumulates there over time. Progerin accumulation is associated with impaired turnover of hundreds of abundant proteins in progeroid tissues. These findings identify impaired lamin A/C protein turnover as a novel feature of laminopathy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hasper
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Welle
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kyle Swovick
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Hryhorenko
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sina Ghaemmaghami
- Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abigail Buchwalter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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2
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Kim JR, Kim PH, Presnell A, Tu Y, Young SG. Revisiting the truncated lamin A produced by a commonly used strain of Lmna knockout mice. Nucleus 2023; 14:2262308. [PMID: 37754663 PMCID: PMC10538457 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2023.2262308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Lmna knockout mouse (Lmna-/-) created by Sullivan and coworkers in 1999 has been widely used to examine lamin A/C function. The knockout allele contains a deletion of Lmna intron 7-exon 11 sequences and was reported to be a null allele. Later, Jahn and coworkers discovered that the mutant allele produces a 54-kDa truncated lamin A and identified, by RT-PCR, a Lmna cDNA containing exon 1-7 + exon 12 sequences. Because exon 12 encodes prelamin A's CaaX motif, the mutant lamin A is assumed to be farnesylated. In the current study, we found that the truncated lamin A in Lmna-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) was predominantly nucleoplasmic rather than at the nuclear rim, leading us to hypothesize that it was not farnesylated. Our study revealed that the most abundant Lmna transcripts in Lmna-/- MEFs contain exon 1-7 but not exon 12 sequences. Exon 1-7 + exon 12 transcripts were detectable by PCR but in trace amounts. We suspect that these findings explain the nucleoplasmic distribution of the truncated lamin A in Lmna-/- MEFs, and subsequent cell transduction experiments support this suspicion. A truncated lamin A containing exon 1-7 sequence was nucleoplasmic, whereas a lamin A containing exon 1-7 + exon 12 sequences was located along the nuclear rim. Our study explains the nucleoplasmic targeting of truncated lamin A in Lmna-/- MEFs and adds to our understanding of a commonly used strain of Lmna-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyoung R. Kim
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul H. Kim
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Presnell
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yiping Tu
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen G. Young
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Departments of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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3
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Worman HJ, Michaelis S. Prelamin A and ZMPSTE24 in premature and physiological aging. Nucleus 2023; 14:2270345. [PMID: 37885131 PMCID: PMC10730219 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2023.2270345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As human longevity increases, understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive aging becomes ever more critical to promote health and prevent age-related disorders. Premature aging disorders or progeroid syndromes can provide critical insights into aspects of physiological aging. A major cause of progeroid syndromes which result from mutations in the genes LMNA and ZMPSTE24 is disruption of the final posttranslational processing step in the production of the nuclear scaffold protein lamin A. LMNA encodes the lamin A precursor, prelamin A and ZMPSTE24 encodes the prelamin A processing enzyme, the zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24. Progeroid syndromes resulting from mutations in these genes include the clinically related disorders Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), mandibuloacral dysplasia-type B, and restrictive dermopathy. These diseases have features that overlap with one another and with some aspects of physiological aging, including bone defects resembling osteoporosis and atherosclerosis (the latter primarily in HGPS). The progeroid syndromes have ignited keen interest in the relationship between defective prelamin A processing and its accumulation in normal physiological aging. In this review, we examine the hypothesis that diminished processing of prelamin A by ZMPSTE24 is a driver of physiological aging. We review features a new mouse (LmnaL648R/L648R) that produces solely unprocessed prelamin A and provides an ideal model for examining the effects of its accumulation during aging. We also discuss existing data on the accumulation of prelamin A or its variants in human physiological aging, which call out for further validation and more rigorous experimental approaches to determine if prelamin A contributes to normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard J. Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Michaelis
- Department of Cell Biology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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4
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Murtada SI, Kawamura Y, Cavinato C, Wang M, Ramachandra AB, Spronck B, Li DS, Tellides G, Humphrey JD. Biomechanical and transcriptional evidence that smooth muscle cell death drives an osteochondrogenic phenotype and severe proximal vascular disease in progeria. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1333-1347. [PMID: 37149823 PMCID: PMC10544720 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome results in rapid aging and severe cardiovascular sequelae that accelerate near end-of-life. We found a progressive disease process in proximal elastic arteries that was less evident in distal muscular arteries. Changes in aortic structure and function were then associated with changes in transcriptomics assessed via both bulk and single cell RNA sequencing, which suggested a novel sequence of progressive aortic disease: adverse extracellular matrix remodeling followed by mechanical stress-induced smooth muscle cell death, leading a subset of remnant smooth muscle cells to an osteochondrogenic phenotype that results in an accumulation of proteoglycans that thickens the aortic wall and increases pulse wave velocity, with late calcification exacerbating these effects. Increased central artery pulse wave velocity is known to drive left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, the primary diagnosis in progeria children. It appears that mechanical stresses above ~ 80 kPa initiate this progressive aortic disease process, explaining why elastic lamellar structures that are organized early in development under low wall stresses appear to be nearly normal whereas other medial constituents worsen progressively in adulthood. Mitigating early mechanical stress-driven smooth muscle cell loss/phenotypic modulation promises to have important cardiovascular implications in progeria patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuki Kawamura
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Molly Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - David S Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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5
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De Silva S, Fan Z, Kang B, Shanahan CM, Zhang Q. Nesprin-1: novel regulator of striated muscle nuclear positioning and mechanotransduction. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1331-1345. [PMID: 37171063 PMCID: PMC10317153 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nesprins (nuclear envelope spectrin repeat proteins) are multi-isomeric scaffolding proteins. Giant nesprin-1 and -2 localise to the outer nuclear membrane, interact with SUN (Sad1p/UNC-84) domain-containing proteins at the inner nuclear membrane to form the LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which, in association with lamin A/C and emerin, mechanically couples the nucleus to the cytoskeleton. Despite ubiquitous expression of nesprin giant isoforms, pathogenic mutations in nesprin-1 and -2 are associated with tissue-specific disorders, particularly related to striated muscle such as dilated cardiomyopathy and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Recent evidence suggests this muscle-specificity might be attributable in part, to the small muscle specific isoform, nesprin-1α2, which has a novel role in striated muscle function. Our current understanding of muscle-specific functions of nesprin-1 and its isoforms will be summarised in this review to provide insight into potential pathological mechanisms of nesprin-related muscle disease and may inform potential targets of therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanelle De Silva
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, U.K
| | - Zhijuan Fan
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, U.K
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Baoqiang Kang
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, U.K
| | - Catherine M. Shanahan
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, U.K
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London SE5 9NU, U.K
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6
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C. Luu J, Saadane A, Leinonen H, H. Choi E, Gao F, Lewandowski D, Halabi M, L. Sander C, Wu A, Wang JM, Singh R, Gao S, Lessieur EM, Dong Z, Palczewska G, Mullins RF, Peachey NS, Kiser PD, Tabaka M, Kern TS, Palczewski K. Stress resilience-enhancing drugs preserve tissue structure and function in degenerating retina via phosphodiesterase inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221045120. [PMID: 37126699 PMCID: PMC10175720 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221045120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic, progressive retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa, arise from genetic and environmental perturbations of cellular and tissue homeostasis. These disruptions accumulate with repeated exposures to stress over time, leading to progressive visual impairment and, in many cases, legal blindness. Despite decades of research, therapeutic options for the millions of patients suffering from these disorders remain severely limited, especially for treating earlier stages of pathogenesis when the opportunity to preserve the retinal structure and visual function is greatest. To address this urgent, unmet medical need, we employed a systems pharmacology platform for therapeutic development. Through integrative single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics, we identified universal molecular mechanisms across distinct models of age-related and inherited retinal degenerations, characterized by impaired physiological resilience to stress. Here, we report that selective, targeted pharmacological inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which serve as critical regulatory nodes that modulate intracellular second messenger signaling pathways, stabilized the transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome through downstream activation of protective mechanisms coupled with synergistic inhibition of degenerative processes. This therapeutic intervention enhanced resilience to acute and chronic forms of stress in the degenerating retina, thus preserving tissue structure and function across various models of age-related and inherited retinal disease. Taken together, these findings exemplify a systems pharmacology approach to drug discovery and development, revealing a new class of therapeutics with potential clinical utility in the treatment or prevention of the most common causes of blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennings C. Luu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Aicha Saadane
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Henri Leinonen
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio70211, Finland
| | - Elliot H. Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Fangyuan Gao
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Dominik Lewandowski
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Maximilian Halabi
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Christopher L. Sander
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Arum Wu
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Jacob M. Wang
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Rupesh Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Songqi Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Emma M. Lessieur
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Zhiqian Dong
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Grazyna Palczewska
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Robert F. Mullins
- Institute for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Neal S. Peachey
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH44195
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Philip D. Kiser
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA90822
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Marcin Tabaka
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Warsaw01224, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw01224, Poland
| | - Timothy S. Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Warsaw01224, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA92697
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7
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Hasper J, Welle K, Swovick K, Hryhorenko J, Ghaemmaghami S, Buchwalter A. Long lifetime and selective accumulation of the A-type lamins accounts for the tissue specificity of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.04.527139. [PMID: 37162946 PMCID: PMC10168242 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.04.527139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations to the LMNA gene cause laminopathies including Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) that severely affect the cardiovascular system. The origins of tissue specificity in these diseases are unclear, as the A-type Lamins are abundant and broadly expressed proteins. We show that A-type Lamin protein and transcript levels are uncorrelated across tissues. As protein-transcript discordance can be caused by variations in protein lifetime, we applied quantitative proteomics to profile protein turnover rates in healthy and progeroid tissues. We discover that tissue context and disease mutation each influence A-type Lamin protein lifetime. Lamin A/C has a weeks-long lifetime in the aorta, heart, and fat, where progeroid pathology is apparent, but a days-long lifetime in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, which are spared from disease. The A-type Lamins are insoluble and densely bundled in cardiovascular tissues, which may present an energetic barrier to degradation and promote long protein lifetime. Progerin is even more long-lived than Lamin A/C in the cardiovascular system and accumulates there over time. Progerin accumulation interferes broadly with protein homeostasis, as hundreds of abundant proteins turn over more slowly in progeroid tissues. These findings indicate that potential gene therapy interventions for HGPS will have significant latency and limited potency in disrupting the long-lived Progerin protein. Finally, we reveal that human disease alleles are significantly over-represented in the long-lived proteome, indicating that long protein lifetime may influence disease pathology and present a significant barrier to gene therapies for numerous human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hasper
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kevin Welle
- University of Rochester Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, Rochester, NY
| | - Kyle Swovick
- University of Rochester Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, Rochester, NY
| | - Jennifer Hryhorenko
- University of Rochester Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, Rochester, NY
| | - Sina Ghaemmaghami
- University of Rochester Mass Spectrometry Resource Laboratory, Rochester, NY
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Abigail Buchwalter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA
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8
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Murtada SI, Mikush N, Wang M, Ren P, Kawamura Y, Ramachandra AB, Li DS, Braddock DT, Tellides G, Gordon LB, Humphrey JD. Lonafarnib improves cardiovascular function and survival in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. eLife 2023; 12:82728. [PMID: 36930696 PMCID: PMC10023154 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials have demonstrated that lonafarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, extends the lifespan in patients afflicted by Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a devastating condition that accelerates many characteristics of aging and results in premature death due to cardiovascular sequelae. The US Food and Drug Administration approved Zokinvy (lonafarnib) in November 2020 for treating these patients, yet a detailed examination of drug-associated effects on cardiovascular structure, properties, and function has remained wanting. In this paper, we report encouraging outcomes of daily post-weaning treatment with lonafarnib on the composition and biomechanical phenotype of elastic and muscular arteries as well as associated cardiac function in a well-accepted mouse model of progeria that exhibits severe perimorbid cardiovascular disease. Lonafarnib resulted in 100% survival of the treated progeria mice to the study end-point (time of 50% survival of untreated mice), with associated improvements in arterial structure and function working together to significantly reduce pulse wave velocity and improve left ventricular diastolic function. By contrast, neither treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin alone nor dual treatment with lonafarnib plus rapamycin improved outcomes over that achieved with lonafarnib monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Nicole Mikush
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Pengwei Ren
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Yuki Kawamura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | | | - David S Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | | | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Leslie B Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital and Warren Albert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
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9
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Murtada SI, Kawamura Y, Cavinato C, Wang M, Ramachandra AB, Spronck B, Tellides G, Humphrey JD. Smooth Muscle Cell Death Drives an Osteochondrogenic Phenotype and Severe Proximal Vascular Disease in Progeria. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.10.523266. [PMID: 36711514 PMCID: PMC9882088 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.10.523266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome results in rapid aging and severe cardiovascular sequelae that accelerate near end of life. We associate progressive deterioration of arterial structure and function with single cell transcriptional changes, which reveals a rapid disease process in proximal elastic arteries that largely spares distal muscular arteries. These data suggest a novel sequence of progressive vascular disease in progeria: initial extracellular matrix remodeling followed by mechanical stress-induced smooth muscle cell death in proximal arteries, leading a subset of remnant smooth muscle cells to an osteochondrogenic phenotypic modulation that results in an accumulation of proteoglycans that thickens the wall and increases pulse wave velocity, with late calcification exacerbating these effects. Increased pulse wave velocity drives left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, the primary diagnosis in progeria children. Mitigating smooth muscle cell loss / phenotypic modulation promises to have important cardiovascular implications in progeria patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Il Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuki Kawamura
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jay D. Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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10
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Hamczyk MR, Nevado RM. Vascular smooth muscle cell aging: Insights from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2023; 35:42-51. [PMID: 35125249 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) constitute the principal cellular component of the medial layer of arteries and are responsible for vessel contraction and relaxation in response to blood flow. Alterations in VSMCs can hinder vascular system function, leading to vascular stiffness, calcification and atherosclerosis, which in turn may result in life-threatening complications. Pathological changes in VSMCs typically correlate with chronological age; however, there are certain conditions and diseases, such as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), that can accelerate this process, resulting in premature vascular aging. HGPS is a rare genetic disorder characterized by severe VSMC loss, accelerated atherosclerosis and death from myocardial infarction or stroke during the adolescence. Because experiments with mouse models have demonstrated that alterations in VSMCs are responsible for early atherosclerosis in HGPS, studies on this disease can provide insights into the mechanisms of vascular aging and assess the relative contribution of VSMCs to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda R Hamczyk
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa M Nevado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Coll-Bonfill N, Mahajan U, Shashkova EV, Lin CJ, Mecham RP, Gonzalo S. Progerin induces a phenotypic switch in vascular smooth muscle cells and triggers replication stress and an aging-associated secretory signature. GeroScience 2022; 45:965-982. [PMID: 36482259 PMCID: PMC9886737 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a premature aging disease caused by LMNA gene mutation and the production of a truncated prelamin A protein "progerin" that elicits cellular and organismal toxicity. Progerin accumulates in the vasculature, being especially detrimental for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Vessel stiffening and aortic atherosclerosis in HGPS patients are accompanied by VSMC depletion in the medial layer, altered extracellular matrix (ECM), and thickening of the adventitial layer. Mechanisms whereby progerin causes massive VSMC loss and vessel alterations remain poorly understood. Mature VSMC retain phenotypic plasticity and can switch to a synthetic/proliferative phenotype. Here, we show that progerin expression in human and mouse VSMC causes a switch towards the synthetic phenotype. This switch elicits some level of replication stress in normal cells, which is exacerbated in the presence of progerin, leading to telomere fragility, genomic instability, and ultimately VSMC death. Calcitriol prevents replication stress, telomere fragility, and genomic instability, reducing VSMC death. In addition, RNA-seq analysis shows induction of a profibrotic and pro-inflammatory aging-associated secretory phenotype upon progerin expression in human primary VSMC. Our data suggest that phenotypic switch-induced replication stress might be an underlying cause of VSMC loss in progeria, which together with loss of contractile features and gain of profibrotic and pro-inflammatory signatures contribute to vascular stiffness in HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Coll-Bonfill
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Urvashi Mahajan
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Elena V. Shashkova
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Chien-Jung Lin
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Cell Biology and Physiology Department & Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108 USA ,grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63104 USA
| | - Robert P. Mecham
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Cell Biology and Physiology Department & Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1100 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
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12
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Inesta-Vaquera F, Weiland F, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR. In vivo stress reporters as early biomarkers of the cellular changes associated with progeria. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5463-5472. [PMID: 36201626 PMCID: PMC9639039 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Age‐related diseases account for a high proportion of the total global burden of disease. Despite recent advances in understanding their molecular basis, there is a lack of suitable early biomarkers to test selected compounds and accelerate their translation to clinical trials. We have investigated the utility of in vivo stress reporter systems as surrogate early biomarkers of the degenerative disease progression. We hypothesized that cellular stress observed in models of human degenerative disease preceded overt cellular damage and at the same time will identify potential cytoprotective pathways. To test this hypothesis, we generated novel accelerated ageing (progeria) reporter mice by crossing the LmnaG609G mice into our oxidative stress/inflammation (Hmox1) and DNA damage (p21) stress reporter models. Histological analysis of reporter expression demonstrated a time‐dependent and tissue‐specific activation of the reporters in tissues directly associated with Progeria, including smooth muscle cells, the vasculature and gastrointestinal tract. Importantly, reporter expression was detected prior to any perceptible deleterious phenotype. Reporter expression can therefore be used as an early marker of progeria pathogenesis and to test therapeutic interventions. This work also demonstrates the potential to use stress reporter approaches to study and find new treatments for other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Inesta-Vaquera
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Florian Weiland
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Centre for Food and Microbial Technology (CLMT), Laboratory of Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Technology Campus Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin J Henderson
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Charles Roland Wolf
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
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13
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Kalukula Y, Stephens AD, Lammerding J, Gabriele S. Mechanics and functional consequences of nuclear deformations. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:583-602. [PMID: 35513718 PMCID: PMC9902167 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As the home of cellular genetic information, the nucleus has a critical role in determining cell fate and function in response to various signals and stimuli. In addition to biochemical inputs, the nucleus is constantly exposed to intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical forces that trigger dynamic changes in nuclear structure and morphology. Emerging data suggest that the physical deformation of the nucleus modulates many cellular and nuclear functions. These functions have long been considered to be downstream of cytoplasmic signalling pathways and dictated by gene expression. In this Review, we discuss an emerging perspective on the mechanoregulation of the nucleus that considers the physical connections from chromatin to nuclear lamina and cytoskeletal filaments as a single mechanical unit. We describe key mechanisms of nuclear deformations in time and space and provide a critical review of the structural and functional adaptive responses of the nucleus to deformations. We then consider the contribution of nuclear deformations to the regulation of important cellular functions, including muscle contraction, cell migration and human disease pathogenesis. Collectively, these emerging insights shed new light on the dynamics of nuclear deformations and their roles in cellular mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohalie Kalukula
- University of Mons, Soft Matter and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, CIRMAP, Place du Parc, 20 B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Andrew D. Stephens
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA,Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- University of Mons, Soft Matter and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, CIRMAP, Place du Parc, 20 B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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14
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Leong EL, Khaing NT, Cadot B, Hong WL, Kozlov S, Werner H, Wong ESM, Stewart CL, Burke B, Lee YL. Nesprin-1 LINC complexes recruit microtubule cytoskeleton proteins and drive pathology in Lmna-mutant striated muscle. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 32:177-191. [PMID: 35925868 PMCID: PMC9840208 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LMNA, the gene encoding A-type lamins, cause laminopathies-diseases of striated muscle and other tissues. The aetiology of laminopathies has been attributed to perturbation of chromatin organization or structural weakening of the nuclear envelope (NE) such that the nucleus becomes more prone to mechanical damage. The latter model requires a conduit for force transmission to the nucleus. NE-associated Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes are one such pathway. Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats to disrupt the Nesprin-1 KASH (Klarsicht, ANC-1, Syne Homology) domain, we identified this LINC complex protein as the predominant NE anchor for microtubule cytoskeleton components, including nucleation activities and motor complexes, in mouse cardiomyocytes. Loss of Nesprin-1 LINC complexes resulted in loss of microtubule cytoskeleton proteins at the nucleus and changes in nuclear morphology and positioning in striated muscle cells, but with no overt physiological defects. Disrupting the KASH domain of Nesprin-1 suppresses Lmna-linked cardiac pathology, likely by reducing microtubule cytoskeleton activities at the nucleus. Nesprin-1 LINC complexes thus represent a potential therapeutic target for striated muscle laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Cadot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, Paris 75013, France
| | - Wei Liang Hong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 6 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore,ASTAR Skin Research Labs (ASRL), Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 6 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Serguei Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hendrikje Werner
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 6 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore,ASTAR Skin Research Labs (ASRL), Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 6 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Esther Sook Miin Wong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 6 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 5 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Colin L Stewart
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Colin L. Stewart, ; Brian Burke, ; Yin Loon Lee,
| | - Brian Burke
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Colin L. Stewart, ; Brian Burke, ; Yin Loon Lee,
| | - Yin Loon Lee
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Colin L. Stewart, ; Brian Burke, ; Yin Loon Lee,
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15
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Salvador J, Iruela-Arispe ML. Nuclear Mechanosensation and Mechanotransduction in Vascular Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:905927. [PMID: 35784481 PMCID: PMC9247619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.905927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cells are constantly subjected to physical forces associated with the rhythmic activities of the heart, which combined with the individual geometry of vessels further imposes oscillatory, turbulent, or laminar shear stresses on vascular cells. These hemodynamic forces play an important role in regulating the transcriptional program and phenotype of endothelial and smooth muscle cells in different regions of the vascular tree. Within the aorta, the lesser curvature of the arch is characterized by disturbed, oscillatory flow. There, endothelial cells become activated, adopting pro-inflammatory and athero-prone phenotypes. This contrasts the descending aorta where flow is laminar and endothelial cells maintain a quiescent and atheroprotective phenotype. While still unclear, the specific mechanisms involved in mechanosensing flow patterns and their molecular mechanotransduction directly impact the nucleus with consequences to transcriptional and epigenetic states. The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) protein complex transmits both internal and external forces, including shear stress, through the cytoskeleton to the nucleus. These forces can ultimately lead to changes in nuclear integrity, chromatin organization, and gene expression that significantly impact emergence of pathology such as the high incidence of atherosclerosis in progeria. Therefore, there is strong motivation to understand how endothelial nuclei can sense and respond to physical signals and how abnormal responses to mechanical cues can lead to disease. Here, we review the evidence for a critical role of the nucleus as a mechanosensor and the importance of maintaining nuclear integrity in response to continuous biophysical forces, specifically shear stress, for proper vascular function and stability.
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16
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LINCing Senescence and Nuclear Envelope Changes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111787. [PMID: 35681483 PMCID: PMC9179861 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) has emerged as a nexus for cellular organization, signaling, and survival. Beyond its role as a barrier to separate the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm, the NE's role in supporting and maintaining a myriad of other functions has made it a target of study in many cellular processes, including senescence. The nucleus undergoes dramatic changes in senescence, many of which are driven by changes in the NE. Indeed, Lamin B1, a key NE protein that is consistently downregulated in senescence, has become a marker for senescence. Other NE proteins have also been shown to play a role in senescence, including LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex proteins. LINC complexes span the NE, forming physical connections between the cytoplasm to the nucleoplasm. In this way, they integrate nuclear and cytoplasmic mechanical signals and are essential not only for a variety of cellular functions but are needed for cell survival. However, LINC complex proteins have been shown to have a myriad of functions in addition to forming a LINC complex, often existing as nucleoplasmic or cytoplasmic soluble proteins in a variety of isoforms. Some of these proteins have now been shown to play important roles in DNA repair, cell signaling, and nuclear shape regulation, all of which are important in senescence. This review will focus on some of these roles and highlight the importance of LINC complex proteins in senescence.
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17
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Franco I, Revêchon G, Eriksson M. Challenges of proving a causal role of somatic mutations in the aging process. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13613. [PMID: 35435316 PMCID: PMC9124308 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the progressive accumulation of permanent changes to the genomic sequence, termed somatic mutations. Small mutations, including single‐base substitutions and insertions/deletions, are key determinants of the malignant transformations leading to cancer, but their role as initiators of other age‐related phenotypes is controversial. Here, we present recent advances in the study of somatic mutagenesis in aging tissues and posit that the current uncertainty about its causal effects in the aging process is due to technological and methodological weaknesses. We highlight classical and novel experimental systems, including premature aging syndromes, that could be used to model the increase of somatic mutation burden and understand its functional role. It is important that studies are designed to take into account the biological context and peculiarities of each tissue and that the downstream impact of somatic mutation accumulation is measured by methods able to resolve subtle cellular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Franco
- Cystic Kidney Disorders Unit Division of Genetics and Cell Biology IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | - Gwladys Revêchon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Center for Innovative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Center for Innovative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
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18
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Ribeiro R, Macedo JC, Costa M, Ustiyan V, Shindyapina AV, Tyshkovskiy A, Gomes RN, Castro JP, Kalin TV, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Nascimento DS, Dmitriev SE, Gladyshev VN, Kalinichenko VV, Logarinho E. In vivo cyclic induction of the FOXM1 transcription factor delays natural and progeroid aging phenotypes and extends healthspan. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:397-411. [PMID: 37118067 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The FOXM1 transcription factor exhibits pleiotropic C-terminal transcriptional and N-terminal non-transcriptional functions in various biological processes critical for cellular homeostasis. We previously found that FOXM1 repression during cellular aging underlies the senescence phenotypes, which were vastly restored by overexpressing transcriptionally active FOXM1. Yet, it remains unknown whether increased expression of FOXM1 can delay organismal aging. Here, we show that in vivo cyclic induction of an N-terminal truncated FOXM1 transgene on progeroid and naturally aged mice offsets aging-associated repression of full-length endogenous Foxm1, reinstating both transcriptional and non-transcriptional functions. This translated into mitigation of several cellular aging hallmarks, as well as molecular and histopathological progeroid features of the short-lived Hutchison-Gilford progeria mouse model, significantly extending its lifespan. FOXM1 transgene induction also reinstated endogenous Foxm1 levels in naturally aged mice, delaying aging phenotypes while extending their lifespan. Thus, we disclose that FOXM1 genetic rewiring can delay senescence-associated progeroid and natural aging pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ribeiro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana C Macedo
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Costa
- Anatomy Department, Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vladimir Ustiyan
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anastasia V Shindyapina
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Tyshkovskiy
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rita N Gomes
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sergey E Dmitriev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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19
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Mechanisms of A-Type Lamin Targeting to Nuclear Ruptures Are Disrupted in LMNA- and BANF1-Associated Progerias. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050865. [PMID: 35269487 PMCID: PMC8909658 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the genes LMNA and BANF1 can lead to accelerated aging syndromes called progeria. The protein products of these genes, A-type lamins and BAF, respectively, are nuclear envelope (NE) proteins that interact and participate in various cellular processes, including nuclear envelope rupture and repair. BAF localizes to sites of nuclear rupture and recruits NE-repair machinery, including the LEM-domain proteins, ESCRT-III complex, A-type lamins, and membranes. Here, we show that it is a mobile, nucleoplasmic population of A-type lamins that is rapidly recruited to ruptures in a BAF-dependent manner via BAF’s association with the Ig-like β fold domain of A-type lamins. These initially mobile lamins become progressively stabilized at the site of rupture. Farnesylated prelamin A and lamin B1 fail to localize to nuclear ruptures, unless that farnesylation is inhibited. Progeria-associated LMNA mutations inhibit the recruitment affected A-type lamin to nuclear ruptures, due to either permanent farnesylation or inhibition of BAF binding. A progeria-associated BAF mutant targets to nuclear ruptures but is unable to recruit A-type lamins. Together, these data reveal the mechanisms that determine how lamins respond to nuclear ruptures and how progeric mutations of LMNA and BANF1 impair recruitment of A-type lamins to nuclear ruptures.
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20
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Abolishing the prelamin A ZMPSTE24 cleavage site leads to progeroid phenotypes with near-normal longevity in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2118695119. [PMID: 35197292 PMCID: PMC8892526 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118695119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The zinc metalloprotease ZMPSTE24 removes the last 15 amino acids of prelamin A, including a farnesylated cysteine, to produce mature lamin A. The premature aging disorder Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome is caused by a permanently farnesylated prelamin A variant lacking the ZMPSTE24 cleavage site. ZMPSTE24 loss of function leads to the accumulation of farnesylated prelamin A and causes progeroid disorders. Some studies have implicated prelamin A in physiological aging. We describe mice with an amino acid substitution in prelamin A that blocks the ZMPSTE24-catalyzed cleavage. These mice develop progeroid phenotypes but, in contrast to those modeling Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome or ZMPSTE24 deficiency, have near-normal lifespans, thus providing a model to study the effects of farnesylated prelamin A during aging. Prelamin A is a farnesylated precursor of lamin A, a nuclear lamina protein. Accumulation of the farnesylated prelamin A variant progerin, with an internal deletion including its processing site, causes Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome. Loss-of-function mutations in ZMPSTE24, which encodes the prelamin A processing enzyme, lead to accumulation of full-length farnesylated prelamin A and cause related progeroid disorders. Some data suggest that prelamin A also accumulates with physiological aging. Zmpste24−/− mice die young, at ∼20 wk. Because ZMPSTE24 has functions in addition to prelamin A processing, we generated a mouse model to examine effects solely due to the presence of permanently farnesylated prelamin A. These mice have an L648R amino acid substitution in prelamin A that blocks ZMPSTE24-catalyzed processing to lamin A. The LmnaL648R/L648R mice express only prelamin and no mature protein. Notably, nearly all survive to 65 to 70 wk, with ∼40% of male and 75% of female LmnaL648R/L648R mice having near-normal lifespans of 90 wk (almost 2 y). Starting at ∼10 wk of age, LmnaL648R/L648R mice of both sexes have lower body masses than controls. By ∼20 to 30 wk of age, they exhibit detectable cranial, mandibular, and dental defects similar to those observed in Zmpste24−/− mice and have decreased vertebral bone density compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Cultured embryonic fibroblasts from LmnaL648R/L648R mice have aberrant nuclear morphology that is reversible by treatment with a protein farnesyltransferase inhibitor. These novel mice provide a model to study the effects of farnesylated prelamin A during physiological aging.
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21
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Danielsson BE, Peters HC, Bathula K, Spear LM, Noll NA, Dahl KN, Conway DE. Progerin-expressing endothelial cells are unable to adapt to shear stress. Biophys J 2022; 121:620-628. [PMID: 34999130 PMCID: PMC8873939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disease caused by a single-point mutation in the lamin A gene, resulting in a truncated and farnesylated form of lamin A. This mutant lamin A protein, known as progerin, accumulates at the periphery of the nuclear lamina, resulting in both an abnormal nuclear morphology and nuclear stiffening. Patients with HGPS experience rapid onset of atherosclerosis, with death from heart attack or stroke as teenagers. Progerin expression has been shown to cause dysfunction in both vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells (ECs). In this study, we examined how progerin-expressing endothelial cells adapt to fluid shear stress, the principal mechanical force from blood flow. We compared the response to shear stress for progerin-expressing, wild-type lamin A overexpressing, and control endothelial cells to physiological levels of fluid shear stress. Additionally, we also knocked down ZMPSTE24 in endothelial cells, which results in increased farnesylation of lamin A and similar phenotypes to HGPS. Our results showed that endothelial cells either overexpressing progerin or with ZMPSTE24 knockdown were unable to adapt to shear stress, experiencing significant cell loss at a longer duration of exposure to shear stress (3 days). Endothelial cells overexpressing wild-type lamin A also exhibited similar impairments in adaptation to shear stress, including similar levels of cell loss. Quantification of nuclear morphology showed that progerin-expressing endothelial cells had similar nuclear abnormalities in both static and shear conditions. Treatment of progerin-expressing cells and ZMPSTE24 KD cells with lonafarnib and methystat, drugs previously shown to improve HGPS nuclear morphology, resulted in improvements in adaptation to shear stress. Additionally, the prealignment of cells to shear stress before progerin-expression prevented cell loss. Our results demonstrate that changes in nuclear lamins can affect the ability of endothelial cells to properly adapt to shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Danielsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hannah C Peters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kranthi Bathula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Lindsay M Spear
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Natalie A Noll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kris N Dahl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department, Thornton Tomasetti, New York City, New York
| | - Daniel E Conway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
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22
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Abstract
The nuclear envelope is composed of the nuclear membranes, nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes. Laminopathies are diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding protein components of the lamina and these other nuclear envelope substructures. Mutations in the single gene encoding lamin A and C, which are expressed in most differentiated somatic cells, cause diseases affecting striated muscle, adipose tissue, peripheral nerve, and multiple systems with features of accelerated aging. Mutations in genes encoding other nuclear envelope proteins also cause an array of diseases that selectively affect different tissues or organs. In some instances, the molecular and cellular consequences of laminopathy-causing mutations are known. However, even when these are understood, mechanisms explaining specific tissue or organ pathology remain enigmatic. Current mechanistic hypotheses focus on how alterations in the nuclear envelope may affect gene expression, including via the regulation of signaling pathways, or cellular mechanics, including responses to mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Howard J. Worman
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Cabral WA, Tavarez UL, Beeram I, Yeritsyan D, Boku YD, Eckhaus MA, Nazarian A, Erdos MR, Collins FS. Genetic reduction of mTOR extends lifespan in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13457. [PMID: 34453483 PMCID: PMC8441492 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare accelerated aging disorder most notably characterized by cardiovascular disease and premature death from myocardial infarction or stroke. The majority of cases are caused by a de novo single nucleotide mutation in the LMNA gene that activates a cryptic splice donor site, resulting in production of a toxic form of lamin A with a 50 amino acid internal deletion, termed progerin. We previously reported the generation of a transgenic murine model of progeria carrying a human BAC harboring the common mutation, G608G, which in the single-copy state develops features of HGPS that are limited to the vascular system. Here, we report the phenotype of mice bred to carry two copies of the BAC, which more completely recapitulate the phenotypic features of HGPS in skin, adipose, skeletal, and vascular tissues. We further show that genetic reduction of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) significantly extends lifespan in these mice, providing a rationale for pharmacologic inhibition of the mTOR pathway in the treatment of HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne A. Cabral
- Molecular Genetics Section Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Urraca L. Tavarez
- Molecular Genetics Section Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Indeevar Beeram
- Translational Musculoskeletal Innovation Initiative Carl J. Shapiro Department of Orthopedic Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Diana Yeritsyan
- Translational Musculoskeletal Innovation Initiative Carl J. Shapiro Department of Orthopedic Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Yoseph D. Boku
- Molecular Genetics Section Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Michael A. Eckhaus
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch Division of Veterinary Resources Office of the Director National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Ara Nazarian
- Translational Musculoskeletal Innovation Initiative Carl J. Shapiro Department of Orthopedic Surgery Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Michael R. Erdos
- Molecular Genetics Section Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Molecular Genetics Section Center for Precision Health Research National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
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Kim PH, Chen NY, Heizer PJ, Tu Y, Weston TA, Fong JLC, Gill NK, Rowat AC, Young SG, Fong LG. Nuclear membrane ruptures underlie the vascular pathology in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. JCI Insight 2021; 6:151515. [PMID: 34423791 PMCID: PMC8409987 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutant nuclear lamin protein (progerin) produced in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) results in loss of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), but the mechanism has been unclear. We found that progerin induces repetitive nuclear membrane (NM) ruptures, DNA damage, and cell death in cultured SMCs. Reducing lamin B1 expression and exposing cells to mechanical stress - to mirror conditions in the aorta - triggered more frequent NM ruptures. Increasing lamin B1 protein levels had the opposite effect, reducing NM ruptures and improving cell survival. Remarkably, raising lamin B1 levels increased nuclear compliance in cells and was able to offset the increased nuclear stiffness caused by progerin. In mice, lamin B1 expression in aortic SMCs is normally very low, and in mice with a targeted HGPS mutation (LmnaG609G), levels of lamin B1 decrease further with age while progerin levels increase. Those observations suggest that NM ruptures might occur in aortic SMCs in vivo. Indeed, studies in LmnaG609G mice identified NM ruptures in aortic SMCs, along with ultrastructural abnormalities in the cell nucleus that preceded SMC loss. Our studies identify NM ruptures in SMCs as likely causes of vascular pathology in HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H. Kim
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Bioengineering
| | - Natalie Y. Chen
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy C. Rowat
- Department of Bioengineering
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, and
| | - Stephen G. Young
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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25
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Gauthier BR, Comaills V. Nuclear Envelope Integrity in Health and Disease: Consequences on Genome Instability and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147281. [PMID: 34298904 PMCID: PMC8307504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the nuclear envelope (NE) is often underestimated. The NE protects, regulates, and organizes the eukaryote genome and adapts to epigenetic changes and to its environment. The NE morphology is characterized by a wide range of diversity and abnormality such as invagination and blebbing, and it is a diagnostic factor for pathologies such as cancer. Recently, the micronuclei, a small nucleus that contains a full chromosome or a fragment thereof, has gained much attention. The NE of micronuclei is prone to collapse, leading to DNA release into the cytoplasm with consequences ranging from the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, an innate immune response, to the creation of chromosomal instability. The discovery of those mechanisms has revolutionized the understanding of some inflammation-related diseases and the origin of complex chromosomal rearrangements, as observed during the initiation of tumorigenesis. Herein, we will highlight the complexity of the NE biology and discuss the clinical symptoms observed in NE-related diseases. The interplay between innate immunity, genomic instability, and nuclear envelope leakage could be a major focus in future years to explain a wide range of diseases and could lead to new classes of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
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26
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Macicior J, Marcos-Ramiro B, Ortega-Gutiérrez S. Small-Molecule Therapeutic Perspectives for the Treatment of Progeria. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7190. [PMID: 34281245 PMCID: PMC8267806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), or progeria, is an extremely rare disorder that belongs to the class of laminopathies, diseases characterized by alterations in the genes that encode for the lamin proteins or for their associated interacting proteins. In particular, progeria is caused by a point mutation in the gene that codifies for the lamin A gene. This mutation ultimately leads to the biosynthesis of a mutated version of lamin A called progerin, which accumulates abnormally in the nuclear lamina. This accumulation elicits several alterations at the nuclear, cellular, and tissue levels that are phenotypically reflected in a systemic disorder with important alterations, mainly in the cardiovascular system, bones, skin, and overall growth, which results in premature death at an average age of 14.5 years. In 2020, lonafarnib became the first (and only) FDA approved drug for treating progeria. In this context, the present review focuses on the different therapeutic strategies currently under development, with special attention to the new small molecules described in recent years, which may represent the upcoming first-in-class drugs with new mechanisms of action endowed with effectiveness not only to treat but also to cure progeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Ortega-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (B.M.-R.)
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27
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Chen NY, Kim PH, Tu Y, Yang Y, Heizer PJ, Young SG, Fong LG. Increased expression of LAP2β eliminates nuclear membrane ruptures in nuclear lamin-deficient neurons and fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2107770118. [PMID: 34161290 PMCID: PMC8237679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107770118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects or deficiencies in nuclear lamins cause pathology in many cell types, and recent studies have implicated nuclear membrane (NM) ruptures as a cause of cell toxicity. We previously observed NM ruptures and progressive cell death in the developing brain of lamin B1-deficient mouse embryos. We also observed frequent NM ruptures and DNA damage in nuclear lamin-deficient fibroblasts. Factors modulating susceptibility to NM ruptures remain unclear, but we noted low levels of LAP2β, a chromatin-binding inner NM protein, in fibroblasts with NM ruptures. Here, we explored the apparent link between LAP2β and NM ruptures in nuclear lamin-deficient neurons and fibroblasts, and we tested whether manipulating LAP2β expression levels would alter NM rupture frequency. In cortical plate neurons of lamin B1-deficient embryos, we observed a strong correlation between low LAP2β levels and NM ruptures. We also found low LAP2β levels and frequent NM ruptures in neurons of cultured Lmnb1-/- neurospheres. Reducing LAP2β expression in Lmnb1-/- neurons with an siRNA markedly increased the NM rupture frequency (without affecting NM rupture duration), whereas increased LAP2β expression eliminated NM ruptures and reduced DNA damage. Consistent findings were observed in nuclear lamin-deficient fibroblasts. Reduced LAP2β expression increased NM ruptures, whereas increased LAP2β expression virtually abolished NM ruptures. Increased LAP2β expression nearly abolished NM ruptures in cells subjected to mechanical stress (an intervention that increases NM ruptures). Our studies showed that increasing LAP2β expression bolsters NM integrity in nuclear lamin-deficient cells and markedly reduces NM rupture frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Y Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Paul H Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yiping Tu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Patrick J Heizer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Stephen G Young
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Loren G Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
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28
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Driving Cardiovascular Disease in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: Lessons Learned from Animal Models. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051157. [PMID: 34064612 PMCID: PMC8151355 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disease that recapitulates many symptoms of physiological aging and precipitates death. Patients develop severe vascular alterations, mainly massive vascular smooth muscle cell loss, vessel stiffening, calcification, fibrosis, and generalized atherosclerosis, as well as electrical, structural, and functional anomalies in the heart. As a result, most HGPS patients die of myocardial infarction, heart failure, or stroke typically during the first or second decade of life. No cure exists for HGPS, and therefore it is of the utmost importance to define the mechanisms that control disease progression in order to develop new treatments to improve the life quality of patients and extend their lifespan. Since the discovery of the HGPS-causing mutation, several animal models have been generated to study multiple aspects of the syndrome and to analyze the contribution of different cell types to the acquisition of the HGPS-associated cardiovascular phenotype. This review discusses current knowledge about cardiovascular features in HGPS patients and animal models and the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which progerin causes cardiovascular disease.
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29
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Chen X, Yao H, Kashif M, Revêchon G, Eriksson M, Hu J, Wang T, Liu Y, Tüksammel E, Strömblad S, Ahearn IM, Philips MR, Wiel C, Ibrahim MX, Bergo MO. A small-molecule ICMT inhibitor delays senescence of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome cells. eLife 2021; 10:63284. [PMID: 33526168 PMCID: PMC7853716 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A farnesylated and methylated form of prelamin A called progerin causes Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Inhibiting progerin methylation by inactivating the isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase (ICMT) gene stimulates proliferation of HGPS cells and improves survival of Zmpste24-deficient mice. However, we don't know whether Icmt inactivation improves phenotypes in an authentic HGPS mouse model. Moreover, it is unknown whether pharmacologic targeting of ICMT would be tolerated by cells and produce similar cellular effects as genetic inactivation. Here, we show that knockout of Icmt improves survival of HGPS mice and restores vascular smooth muscle cell numbers in the aorta. We also synthesized a potent ICMT inhibitor called C75 and found that it delays senescence and stimulates proliferation of late-passage HGPS cells and Zmpste24-deficient mouse fibroblasts. Importantly, C75 did not influence proliferation of wild-type human cells or Zmpste24-deficient mouse cells lacking Icmt, indicating drug specificity. These results raise hopes that ICMT inhibitors could be useful for treating children with HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haidong Yao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Gwladys Revêchon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jianjiang Hu
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Elin Tüksammel
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Staffan Strömblad
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ian M Ahearn
- Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Mark R Philips
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mohamed X Ibrahim
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin O Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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30
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Chen NY, Kim PH, Fong LG, Young SG. Nuclear membrane ruptures, cell death, and tissue damage in the setting of nuclear lamin deficiencies. Nucleus 2020; 11:237-249. [PMID: 32910721 PMCID: PMC7529418 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2020.1815410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear membranes function as a barrier to separate the cell nucleus from the cytoplasm, but this barrier can be compromised by nuclear membrane ruptures, leading to intermixing of nuclear and cytoplasmic contents. Spontaneous nuclear membrane ruptures (i.e., ruptures occurring in the absence of mechanical stress) have been observed in cultured cells, but they are more frequent in the setting of defects or deficiencies in nuclear lamins and when cells are subjected to mechanical stress. Nuclear membrane ruptures in cultured cells have been linked to DNA damage, but the relevance of ruptures to developmental or physiologic processes in vivo has received little attention. Recently, we addressed that issue by examining neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex, a developmental process that subjects the cell nucleus to mechanical stress. In the setting of lamin B1 deficiency, we observed frequent nuclear membrane ruptures in migrating neurons in the developing cerebral cortex and showed that those ruptures are likely the cause of observed DNA damage, neuronal cell death, and profound neuropathology. In this review, we discuss the physiologic relevance of nuclear membrane ruptures, with a focus on migrating neurons in cell culture and in the cerebral cortex of genetically modified mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Y. Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul H. Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Loren G. Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen G. Young
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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31
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Decreased mechanotransduction prevents nuclear collapse in a Caenorhabditis elegans laminopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31301-31308. [PMID: 33229589 PMCID: PMC7733798 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015050117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear envelopathies are a complex group of human diseases caused by mutations in nuclear envelope proteins, including progeria, myopathy, and dystonia. Here, we used the Caenorhabditis elegans germline as a model system to investigate the function of the OOC-5/torsinA AAA+ ATPase, which localizes to the nuclear envelope and is mutated in early-onset DYT1 dystonia in humans. We show that OOC-5/torsinA promotes the function of the LINC complex, which spans the nuclear envelope and transmits forces to the nuclear lamina. Remarkably, decreasing the function of OOC-5/torsinA or the LINC complex prevents nuclear collapse in the absence of a functional nuclear lamina. Therapeutics targeting torsinA or the LINC complex might prevent nuclear damage from endogenous forces in certain nuclear envelopathies. The function of the nucleus depends on the integrity of the nuclear lamina, an intermediate filament network associated with the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. The LINC complex spans the nuclear envelope and mediates nuclear mechanotransduction, the process by which mechanical signals and forces are transmitted across the nuclear envelope. In turn, the AAA+ ATPase torsinA is thought to regulate force transmission from the cytoskeleton to the nucleus. In humans, mutations affecting nuclear envelope-associated proteins cause laminopathies, including progeria, myopathy, and dystonia, though the extent to which endogenous mechanical stresses contribute to these pathologies is unclear. Here, we use the Caenorhabditis elegans germline as a model to investigate mechanisms that maintain nuclear integrity as germ cell nuclei progress through meiotic development and migrate for gametogenesis—processes that require LINC complex function. We report that decreasing the function of the C. elegans torsinA homolog, OOC-5, rescues the sterility and premature aging caused by a null mutation in the single worm lamin homolog. We show that decreasing OOC-5/torsinA activity prevents nuclear collapse in lamin mutants by disrupting the function of the LINC complex. At a mechanistic level, OOC-5/torsinA promotes the assembly or maintenance of the lamin-associated LINC complex and this activity is also important for interphase nuclear pore complex insertion into growing germline nuclei. These results demonstrate that LINC complex-transmitted forces damage nuclei with a compromised nuclear lamina. Thus, the torsinA–LINC complex nexus might comprise a therapeutic target for certain laminopathies by preventing damage from endogenous cellular forces.
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Interleukin-11 is important for vascular smooth muscle phenotypic switching and aortic inflammation, fibrosis and remodeling in mouse models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17853. [PMID: 33082445 PMCID: PMC7576123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1) is a major driver of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching, an important pathobiology in arterial disease.
We performed RNA-sequencing of TGFβ1-stimulated human aortic or arterial VSMCs which revealed large and consistent upregulation of Interleukin 11 (IL11). IL11 has an unknown function in VSMCs, which highly express the IL11 receptor alpha, suggestive of an autocrine loop. In vitro, IL11 activated ERK signaling, but inhibited STAT3 activity, and caused VSMC phenotypic switching to a similar extent as TGFβ1 or angiotensin II (ANGII) stimulation. Genetic or therapeutic inhibition of IL11 signaling reduced TGFβ1- or ANGII-induced VSMC phenotypic switching, placing IL11 activity downstream of these factors. Aortas of mice with Myh11-driven IL11 expression were remodeled and had reduced contractile but increased matrix and inflammatory genes expression. In two models of arterial pressure loading, IL11 was upregulated in the aorta and neutralizing IL11 antibodies reduced remodeling along with matrix and pro-inflammatory gene expression. These data show that IL11 plays an important role in VSMC phenotype switching, vascular inflammation and aortic pathobiology.
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33
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Michel JB. Phylogenic Determinants of Cardiovascular Frailty, Focus on Hemodynamics and Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1779-1837. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of the circulatory system from invertebrates to mammals has involved the passage from an open system to a closed in-parallel system via a closed in-series system, accompanying the increasing complexity and efficiency of life’s biological functions. The archaic heart enables pulsatile motion waves of hemolymph in invertebrates, and the in-series circulation in fish occurs with only an endothelium, whereas mural smooth muscle cells appear later. The present review focuses on evolution of the circulatory system. In particular, we address how and why this evolution took place from a closed, flowing, longitudinal conductance at low pressure to a flowing, highly pressurized and bifurcating arterial compartment. However, although arterial pressure was the latest acquired hemodynamic variable, the general teleonomy of the evolution of species is the differentiation of individual organ function, supported by specific fueling allowing and favoring partial metabolic autonomy. This was achieved via the establishment of an active contractile tone in resistance arteries, which permitted the regulation of blood supply to specific organ activities via its localized function-dependent inhibition (active vasodilation). The global resistance to viscous blood flow is the peripheral increase in frictional forces caused by the tonic change in arterial and arteriolar radius, which backscatter as systemic arterial blood pressure. Consequently, the arterial pressure gradient from circulating blood to the adventitial interstitium generates the unidirectional outward radial advective conductance of plasma solutes across the wall of conductance arteries. This hemodynamic evolution was accompanied by important changes in arterial wall structure, supported by smooth muscle cell functional plasticity, including contractility, matrix synthesis and proliferation, endocytosis and phagocytosis, etc. These adaptive phenotypic shifts are due to epigenetic regulation, mainly related to mechanotransduction. These paradigms actively participate in cardio-arterial pathologies such as atheroma, valve disease, heart failure, aneurysms, hypertension, and physiological aging.
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34
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Pitrez PR, Estronca L, Monteiro LM, Colell G, Vazão H, Santinha D, Harhouri K, Thornton D, Navarro C, Egesipe AL, Carvalho T, Dos Santos RL, Lévy N, Smith JC, de Magalhães JP, Ori A, Bernardo A, De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Nissan X, Rosell A, Ferreira L. Vulnerability of progeroid smooth muscle cells to biomechanical forces is mediated by MMP13. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4110. [PMID: 32807790 PMCID: PMC7431909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease in children that leads to early death. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the most affected cells in HGPS individuals, although the reason for such vulnerability remains poorly understood. In this work, we develop a microfluidic chip formed by HGPS-SMCs generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), to study their vulnerability to flow shear stress. HGPS-iPSC SMCs cultured under arterial flow conditions detach from the chip after a few days of culture; this process is mediated by the upregulation of metalloprotease 13 (MMP13). Importantly, double-mutant LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13-/- mice or LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13+/+ mice treated with a MMP inhibitor show lower SMC loss in the aortic arch than controls. MMP13 upregulation appears to be mediated, at least in part, by the upregulation of glycocalyx. Our HGPS-SMCs chip represents a platform for developing treatments for HGPS individuals that may complement previous pre-clinical and clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Pitrez
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Estronca
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Monteiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guillem Colell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Vazão
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Santinha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Daniel Thornton
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Claire Navarro
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France
- Progelife, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Laure Egesipe
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Evry Cedex, France
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- IMM, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Nicolas Lévy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - James C Smith
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreia Bernardo
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG, Marseille, France
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
- CRB Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (CRB AP-HM, TAC), Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Nissan
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, Evry Cedex, France
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lino Ferreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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35
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Almendáriz-Palacios C, Gillespie ZE, Janzen M, Martinez V, Bridger JM, Harkness TAA, Mousseau DD, Eskiw CH. The Nuclear Lamina: Protein Accumulation and Disease. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E188. [PMID: 32630170 PMCID: PMC7400325 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8070188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular health is reliant on proteostasis-the maintenance of protein levels regulated through multiple pathways modulating protein synthesis, degradation and clearance. Loss of proteostasis results in serious disease and is associated with aging. One proteinaceous structure underlying the nuclear envelope-the nuclear lamina-coordinates essential processes including DNA repair, genome organization and epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. Loss of proteostasis within the nuclear lamina results in the accumulation of proteins, disrupting these essential functions, either via direct interactions of protein aggregates within the lamina or by altering systems that maintain lamina structure. Here we discuss the links between proteostasis and disease of the nuclear lamina, as well as how manipulating specific proteostatic pathways involved in protein clearance could improve cellular health and prevent/reverse disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Almendáriz-Palacios
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.)
| | - Zoe E. Gillespie
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (Z.E.G.); (M.J.); (T.A.A.H.)
| | - Matthew Janzen
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (Z.E.G.); (M.J.); (T.A.A.H.)
| | - Valeria Martinez
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.)
| | - Joanna M. Bridger
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, College of Health, Life and Medical Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK;
| | - Troy A. A. Harkness
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (Z.E.G.); (M.J.); (T.A.A.H.)
| | - Darrell D. Mousseau
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A5, Canada;
| | - Christopher H. Eskiw
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada; (Z.E.G.); (M.J.); (T.A.A.H.)
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36
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Song P, Zhao Q, Zou MH. Targeting senescent cells to attenuate cardiovascular disease progression. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101072. [PMID: 32298812 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common disease to increase as life expectancy increases. Most high-profile pharmacological treatments for age-related CVD have led to inefficacious results, implying that novel approaches to treating these pathologies are needed. Emerging data have demonstrated that senescent cardiovascular cells, which are characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and a distinct senescence-associated secretory phenotype, accumulate in aged or diseased cardiovascular systems, suggesting that they may impair cardiovascular function. This review discusses the evidence implicating senescent cells in cardiovascular ageing, the onset and progression of CVD, and the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiovascular cell senescence. We also review eradication of senescent cardiovascular cells by small-molecule-drug-mediated apoptosis and immune cell-mediated efferocytosis and toxicity as promising and precisely targeted therapeutics for CVD prevention and treatment.
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37
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Murtada SI, Kawamura Y, Caulk AW, Ahmadzadeh H, Mikush N, Zimmerman K, Kavanagh D, Weiss D, Latorre M, Zhuang ZW, Shadel GS, Braddock DT, Humphrey JD. Paradoxical aortic stiffening and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200066. [PMID: 32453981 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare disorder with devastating sequelae resulting in early death, presently thought to stem primarily from cardiovascular events. We analyse novel longitudinal cardiovascular data from a mouse model of HGPS (LmnaG609G/G609G) using allometric scaling, biomechanical phenotyping, and advanced computational modelling and show that late-stage diastolic dysfunction, with preserved systolic function, emerges with an increase in the pulse wave velocity and an associated loss of aortic function, independent of sex. Specifically, there is a dramatic late-stage loss of smooth muscle function and cells and an excessive accumulation of proteoglycans along the aorta, which result in a loss of biomechanical function (contractility and elastic energy storage) and a marked structural stiffening despite a distinctly low intrinsic material stiffness that is consistent with the lack of functional lamin A. Importantly, the vascular function appears to arise normally from the low-stress environment of development, only to succumb progressively to pressure-related effects of the lamin A mutation and become extreme in the peri-morbid period. Because the dramatic life-threatening aortic phenotype manifests during the last third of life there may be a therapeutic window in maturity that could alleviate concerns with therapies administered during early periods of arterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-I Murtada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Kawamura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A W Caulk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - H Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N Mikush
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K Zimmerman
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Kavanagh
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M Latorre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Z W Zhuang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G S Shadel
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - D T Braddock
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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38
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Lamin A/C Mechanotransduction in Laminopathies. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051306. [PMID: 32456328 PMCID: PMC7291067 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction translates forces into biological responses and regulates cell functionalities. It is implicated in several diseases, including laminopathies which are pathologies associated with mutations in lamins and lamin-associated proteins. These pathologies affect muscle, adipose, bone, nerve, and skin cells and range from muscular dystrophies to accelerated aging. Although the exact mechanisms governing laminopathies and gene expression are still not clear, a strong correlation has been found between cell functionality and nuclear behavior. New theories base on the direct effect of external force on the genome, which is indeed sensitive to the force transduced by the nuclear lamina. Nuclear lamina performs two essential functions in mechanotransduction pathway modulating the nuclear stiffness and governing the chromatin remodeling. Indeed, A-type lamin mutation and deregulation has been found to affect the nuclear response, altering several downstream cellular processes such as mitosis, chromatin organization, DNA replication-transcription, and nuclear structural integrity. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the molecular composition and architecture of the nuclear lamina, its role in healthy cells and disease regulation. We focus on A-type lamins since this protein family is the most involved in mechanotransduction and laminopathies.
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Cultured macrophages transfer surplus cholesterol into adjacent cells in the absence of serum or high-density lipoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:10476-10483. [PMID: 32354992 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922879117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-laden macrophage foam cells are a hallmark of atherosclerosis. For that reason, cholesterol metabolism in macrophages has attracted considerable scrutiny, particularly the mechanisms by which macrophages unload surplus cholesterol (a process referred to as "cholesterol efflux"). Many studies of cholesterol efflux in macrophages have focused on the role of ABC transporters in moving cholesterol onto high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), but other mechanisms for cholesterol efflux likely exist. We hypothesized that macrophages have the capacity to unload cholesterol directly onto adjacent cells. To test this hypothesis, we used methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to load mouse peritoneal macrophages with [13C]cholesterol. We then plated the macrophages (in the absence of serum or HDL) onto smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that had been metabolically labeled with [15N]choline. After incubating the cells overnight in the absence of HDL or serum, we visualized 13C and 15N distribution by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS). We observed substantial 13C enrichment in SMCs that were adjacent to [13C]cholesterol-loaded macrophages-including in cytosolic lipid droplets of SMCs. In follow-up studies, we depleted "accessible cholesterol" from the plasma membrane of [13C]cholesterol-loaded macrophages with MβCD before plating the macrophages onto the SMCs. After an overnight incubation, we again observed substantial 13C enrichment in the SMCs adjacent to macrophages. Thus, macrophages transfer cholesterol to adjacent cells in the absence of serum or HDL. We suspect that macrophages within tissues transfer cholesterol to adjacent cells, thereby contributing to the ability to unload surplus cholesterol.
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40
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Sun S, Qin W, Tang X, Meng Y, Hu W, Zhang S, Qian M, Liu Z, Cao X, Pang Q, Zhao B, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Liu B. Vascular endothelium-targeted Sirt7 gene therapy rejuvenates blood vessels and extends life span in a Hutchinson-Gilford progeria model. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay5556. [PMID: 32128409 PMCID: PMC7030934 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is a typical characteristic of aging, but its contributing roles to systemic aging and the therapeutic potential are lacking experimental evidence. Here, we generated a knock-in mouse model with the causative Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) LmnaG609G mutation, called progerin. The Lmnaf/f ;TC mice with progerin expression induced by Tie2-Cre exhibit defective microvasculature and neovascularization, accelerated aging, and shortened life span. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of murine lung endothelial cells revealed a substantial up-regulation of inflammatory response. Molecularly, progerin interacts and destabilizes deacylase Sirt7; ectopic expression of Sirt7 alleviates the inflammatory response caused by progerin in endothelial cells. Vascular endothelium-targeted Sirt7 gene therapy, driven by an ICAM2 promoter, improves neovascularization, ameliorates aging features, and extends life span in Lmnaf/f ;TC mice. These data support endothelial dysfunction as a primary trigger of systemic aging and highlight gene therapy as a potential strategy for the clinical treatment of HGPS and age-related vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Sun
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weifeng Qin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuju Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minxian Qian
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Bosheng Zhao
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Zimei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Carson International Cancer Center, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author.
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41
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Heizer PJ, Yang Y, Tu Y, Kim PH, Chen NY, Hu Y, Yoshinaga Y, de Jong PJ, Vergnes L, Morales JE, Li RL, Jackson N, Reue K, Young SG, Fong LG. Deficiency in ZMPSTE24 and resulting farnesyl-prelamin A accumulation only modestly affect mouse adipose tissue stores. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:413-421. [PMID: 31941672 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc metallopeptidase STE24 (ZMPSTE24) is essential for the conversion of farnesyl-prelamin A to mature lamin A, a key component of the nuclear lamina. In the absence of ZMPSTE24, farnesyl-prelamin A accumulates in the nucleus and exerts toxicity, causing a variety of disease phenotypes. By ∼4 months of age, both male and female Zmpste24 -/- mice manifest a near-complete loss of adipose tissue, but it has never been clear whether this phenotype is a direct consequence of farnesyl-prelamin A toxicity in adipocytes. To address this question, we generated a conditional knockout Zmpste24 allele and used it to create adipocyte-specific Zmpste24-knockout mice. To boost farnesyl-prelamin A levels, we bred in the "prelamin A-only" Lmna allele. Gene expression, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry experiments revealed that adipose tissue in these mice had decreased Zmpste24 expression along with strikingly increased accumulation of prelamin A. In male mice, Zmpste24 deficiency in adipocytes was accompanied by modest changes in adipose stores (an 11% decrease in body weight, a 23% decrease in body fat mass, and significantly smaller gonadal and inguinal white adipose depots). No changes in adipose stores were detected in female mice, likely because prelamin A expression in adipose tissue is lower in female mice. Zmpste24 deficiency in adipocytes did not alter the number of macrophages in adipose tissue, nor did it alter plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, or fatty acids. We conclude that ZMPSTE24 deficiency in adipocytes, and the accompanying accumulation of farnesyl-prelamin A, reduces adipose tissue stores, but only modestly and only in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Heizer
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ye Yang
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yiping Tu
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Paul H Kim
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Natalie Y Chen
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yan Hu
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Yuko Yoshinaga
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Pieter J de Jong
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Jazmin E Morales
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Robert L Li
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Nicholas Jackson
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Karen Reue
- Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Stephen G Young
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 .,Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Loren G Fong
- Departments of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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42
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Osmanagic-Myers S, Foisner R. The structural and gene expression hypotheses in laminopathic diseases-not so different after all. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 30:1786-1790. [PMID: 31306095 PMCID: PMC6727745 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-10-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are a diverse group of rare diseases with various pathologies in different tissues, which are linked to mutations in the LMNA gene. Historically, the structural disease model proposed mechanical defects of the lamina and nuclear fragility, the gene expression model impairment of spatial chromatin organization and signaling pathways as underlying mechanisms leading to the pathologies. Exciting findings in the past few years showing that mechanical forces are directly transmitted into the nucleus, where they affect chromatin organization and mechanoresponsive signaling molecules, have led to a revised concept of an integrative unified disease model, in which lamin-mediated pathways in mechanotransduction and chromatin regulation are highly interconnected and mutually dependent. In this Perspective we highlight breakthrough findings providing new insight into lamin-linked mechanisms of mechanotransduction and chromatin regulation and discuss how a combined and interrelated impairment of these functions by LMNA mutations may impair the complex mechanosignaling network and cause tissue-specific pathologies in laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Osmanagic-Myers
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Foisner
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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43
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Zaghini A, Sarli G, Barboni C, Sanapo M, Pellegrino V, Diana A, Linta N, Rambaldi J, D'Apice MR, Murdocca M, Baleani M, Baruffaldi F, Fognani R, Mecca R, Festa A, Papparella S, Paciello O, Prisco F, Capanni C, Loi M, Schena E, Lattanzi G, Squarzoni S. Long term breeding of the Lmna G609G progeric mouse: Characterization of homozygous and heterozygous models. Exp Gerontol 2019; 130:110784. [PMID: 31794853 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The transgenic LmnaG609G progeric mouse represents an outstanding animal model for studying the human Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) caused by a mutation in the LMNA gene, coding for the nuclear envelope protein Lamin A/C, and, as an important, more general scope, for studying the complex process governing physiological aging in humans. Here we give a comprehensive description of the peculiarities related to the breeding of LmnaG609G mice over a prolonged period of time, and of many features observed in a large colony for a 2-years period. We describe the breeding and housing conditions underlining the possible interference of the genetic background on the phenotype expression. This information represents a useful tool when planning and interpreting studies on the LmnaG609G mouse model, complementing any specific data already reported in the literature about this model since its production. It is also particularly relevant for the heterozygous mouse, which mirrors the genotype of the human pathology however requires an extended time to manifest symptoms and to be carefully studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Catia Barboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mara Sanapo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Pellegrino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Diana
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikolina Linta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julie Rambaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Michela Murdocca
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Baleani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Baruffaldi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Fognani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosaria Mecca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Festa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Capanni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Loi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza"- Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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Cong X, Zhang SM, Batty L, Luo J. Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Generating Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels as Vascular Grafts. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1581-1594. [PMID: 31663439 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In pace with the advancement of tissue engineering during recent decades, tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) have been generated using primary seed cells, and their impressive success in clinical trials have demonstrated the great potential of these TEBVs as implantable vascular grafts in human regenerative medicine. However, the production, therapeutic efficacy, and readiness in emergencies of current TEBVs could be hindered by the accessibility, expandability, and donor-donor variation of patient-specific primary seed cells. Alternatively, using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to derive seed vascular cells for vascular tissue engineering could fundamentally address this current dilemma in TEBV production. As an emerging research field with a promising future, the generation of hiPSC-based TEBVs has been reported recently with significant progress. Simultaneously, to further promote hiPSC-based TEBVs into vascular grafts for clinical use, several challenges related to the safety, readiness, and structural integrity of vascular tissue need to be addressed. Herein, this review will focus on the evolution and role of hiPSCs in vascular tissue engineering technology and summarize the current progress, challenges, and future directions of research on hiPSC-based TEBVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Luke Batty
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Stem Cell Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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45
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Starr DA. A network of nuclear envelope proteins and cytoskeletal force generators mediates movements of and within nuclei throughout Caenorhabditis elegans development. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1323-1332. [PMID: 31495194 PMCID: PMC6880151 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219871965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear migration and anchorage, together referred to as nuclear positioning, are central to many cellular and developmental events. Nuclear positioning is mediated by a conserved network of nuclear envelope proteins that interacts with force generators in the cytoskeleton. At the heart of this network are li nker of n ucleoskeleton and c ytoskeleton (LINC) complexes made of S ad1 and UN C-84 (SUN) proteins at the inner nuclear membrane and K larsicht, A NC-1, and S yne homology (KASH) proteins in the outer nuclear membrane. LINC complexes span the nuclear envelope, maintain nuclear envelope architecture, designate the surface of nuclei distinctly from the contiguous endoplasmic reticulum, and were instrumental in the early evolution of eukaryotes. LINC complexes interact with lamins in the nucleus and with various cytoplasmic KASH effectors from the surface of nuclei. These effectors regulate the cytoskeleton, leading to a variety of cellular outputs including pronuclear migration, nuclear migration through constricted spaces, nuclear anchorage, centrosome attachment to nuclei, meiotic chromosome movements, and DNA damage repair. How LINC complexes are regulated and how they function are reviewed here. The focus is on recent studies elucidating the best-understood network of LINC complexes, those used throughout Caenorhabditis elegans development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Starr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,
University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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46
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Östlund C, Chang W, Gundersen GG, Worman HJ. Pathogenic mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins and defective nucleocytoplasmic connections. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1333-1344. [PMID: 31299860 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219862243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamins and associated nuclear envelope proteins have been linked to a broad range of inherited diseases affecting different tissues and organs. These diseases are often referred to as laminopathies. Scientists have yet to elucidate exactly how pathogenic mutations leading to alteration of a nuclear envelope protein cause disease. Our relatively recent research has shown that pathogenic mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins lead to defective nucleocytoplasmic connections that disrupt proper functioning of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex in the establishment of cell polarity. These defects may explain, at least in part, pathogenic mechanisms underlying laminopathies.Impact statementMutations in genes encoding nuclear lamins and associated nuclear envelope proteins have been linked to several diseases affecting different tissues and organs. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying these diseases, often called laminopathies, remain poorly understood. Increased knowledge of the functions of different nuclear envelope proteins and the interactions between them is crucial to elucidate these disease mechanisms. Our research has shown that pathogenic mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins lead to defective nucleocytoplasmic connections that disrupt proper functioning of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex in the establishment of cell polarity. These defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of laminopathies and provide novel targets for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Östlund
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wakam Chang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gregg G Gundersen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Howard J Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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47
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Xu S, Jin ZG. Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome: Cardiovascular Pathologies and Potential Therapies. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 44:561-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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48
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Romero-Bueno R, de la Cruz Ruiz P, Artal-Sanz M, Askjaer P, Dobrzynska A. Nuclear Organization in Stress and Aging. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070664. [PMID: 31266244 PMCID: PMC6678840 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic nucleus controls most cellular processes. It is isolated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope, which plays a prominent role in the structural organization of the cell, including nucleocytoplasmic communication, chromatin positioning, and gene expression. Alterations in nuclear composition and function are eminently pronounced upon stress and during premature and physiological aging. These alterations are often accompanied by epigenetic changes in histone modifications. We review, here, the role of nuclear envelope proteins and histone modifiers in the 3-dimensional organization of the genome and the implications for gene expression. In particular, we focus on the nuclear lamins and the chromatin-associated protein BAF, which are linked to Hutchinson–Gilford and Nestor–Guillermo progeria syndromes, respectively. We also discuss alterations in nuclear organization and the epigenetic landscapes during normal aging and various stress conditions, ranging from yeast to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Romero-Bueno
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Patricia de la Cruz Ruiz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Marta Artal-Sanz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Peter Askjaer
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzynska
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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49
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Gill NK, Ly C, Kim PH, Saunders CA, Fong LG, Young SG, Luxton GWG, Rowat AC. DYT1 Dystonia Patient-Derived Fibroblasts Have Increased Deformability and Susceptibility to Damage by Mechanical Forces. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:103. [PMID: 31294022 PMCID: PMC6606767 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DYT1 dystonia is a neurological movement disorder that is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the DYT1/TOR1A gene, which encodes torsinA, a conserved luminal ATPases-associated with various cellular activities (AAA+) protein. TorsinA is required for the assembly of functional linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes, and consequently the mechanical integration of the nucleus and the cytoskeleton. Despite the potential implications of altered mechanobiology in dystonia pathogenesis, the role of torsinA in regulating cellular mechanical phenotype, or mechanotype, in DYT1 dystonia remains unknown. Here, we define the deformability of mouse fibroblasts lacking functional torsinA as well as human fibroblasts isolated from DYT1 dystonia patients. We find that the deletion of torsinA or the expression of torsinA containing the DYT1 dystonia-causing ΔE302/303 (ΔE) mutation results in more deformable cells. We observe a similar increased deformability of mouse fibroblasts that lack lamina-associated polypeptide 1 (LAP1), which interacts with and stimulates the ATPase activity of torsinA in vitro, as well as with the absence of the LINC complex proteins, Sad1/UNC-84 1 (SUN1) and SUN2, lamin A/C, or lamin B1. Consistent with these findings, we also determine that DYT1 dystonia patient-derived fibroblasts are more compliant than fibroblasts isolated from unafflicted individuals. DYT1 dystonia patient-derived fibroblasts also exhibit increased nuclear strain and decreased viability following mechanical stretch. Taken together, our results establish the foundation for future mechanistic studies of the role of cellular mechanotype and LINC-dependent nuclear-cytoskeletal coupling in regulating cell survival following exposure to mechanical stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur Gill
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chau Ly
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul H Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cosmo A Saunders
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Loren G Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen G Young
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - G W Gant Luxton
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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50
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Sola-Carvajal A, Revêchon G, Helgadottir HT, Whisenant D, Hagblom R, Döhla J, Katajisto P, Brodin D, Fagerström-Billai F, Viceconte N, Eriksson M. Accumulation of Progerin Affects the Symmetry of Cell Division and Is Associated with Impaired Wnt Signaling and the Mislocalization of Nuclear Envelope Proteins. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2272-2280.e12. [PMID: 31128203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is the result of a defective form of the lamin A protein called progerin. While progerin is known to disrupt the properties of the nuclear lamina, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the pathophysiology of HGPS remain less clear. Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that progerin expression in murine epidermal basal cells results in impaired stratification and halted development of the skin. Stratification and differentiation of the epidermis is regulated by asymmetric stem cell division. Here, we show that expression of progerin impairs the ability of stem cells to maintain tissue homeostasis as a result of altered cell division. Quantification of basal skin cells showed an increase in symmetric cell division that correlated with progerin accumulation in HGPS mice. Investigation of the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon revealed a putative role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further analysis suggested an alteration in the nuclear translocation of β-catenin involving the inner and outer nuclear membrane proteins, emerin and nesprin-2. Taken together, our results suggest a direct involvement of progerin in the transmission of Wnt signaling and normal stem cell division. These insights into the molecular mechanisms of progerin may help develop new treatment strategies for HGPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Sola-Carvajal
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Gwladys Revêchon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hafdis T Helgadottir
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Daniel Whisenant
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robin Hagblom
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Julia Döhla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Brodin
- Bioinformatics and Expression Core Facility, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Nikenza Viceconte
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maria Eriksson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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