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Guo J, Zhao L, Duan M, Yang Z, Zhao H, Liu B, Wang Y, Deng L, Wang C, Jiang X, Jiang X. Demethylases in tumors and the tumor microenvironment: Key modifiers of N 6-methyladenosine methylation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116479. [PMID: 38537580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation modifications are widespread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) the most common among them. Demethylases, including Fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) and AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), are important in maintaining the balance between RNA methylation and demethylation. Recent studies have clearly shown that demethylases affect the biological functions of tumors by regulating their m6A levels. However, their effects are complicated, and even opposite results have appeared in different articles. Here, we summarize the complex regulatory networks of demethylases, including the most important and common pathways, to clarify the role of demethylases in tumors. In addition, we describe the relationships between demethylases and the tumor microenvironment, and introduce their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we discuss evaluation of demethylases for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the clinical application of demethylase inhibitors, providing a strong basis for their large-scale clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Guo
- Departmentof Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Baiming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Liping Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
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2
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Venz R, Goyala A, Soto-Gamez A, Yenice T, Demaria M, Ewald CY. In-vivo screening implicates endoribonuclease Regnase-1 in modulating senescence-associated lysosomal changes. GeroScience 2024; 46:1499-1514. [PMID: 37644339 PMCID: PMC10828269 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of senescent cells accelerates aging and age-related diseases, whereas preventing this accumulation extends the lifespan in mice. A characteristic of senescent cells is increased staining with β-galactosidase (β-gal) ex vivo. Here, we describe a progressive accumulation of β-gal staining in the model organism C. elegans during aging. We show that distinct pharmacological and genetic interventions targeting the mitochondria and the mTORC1 to the nuclear core complex axis, the non-canonical apoptotic, and lysosomal-autophagy pathways slow the age-dependent accumulation of β-gal. We identify a novel gene, rege-1/Regnase-1/ZC3H12A/MCPIP1, modulating β-gal staining via the transcription factor ets-4/SPDEF. We demonstrate that knocking down Regnase-1 in human cell culture prevents senescence-associated β-gal accumulation. Our data provide a screening pipeline to identify genes and drugs modulating senescence-associated lysosomal phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Venz
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anita Goyala
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Abel Soto-Gamez
- European Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA)/University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tugce Yenice
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA)/University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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3
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Pereira B, Correia FP, Alves IA, Costa M, Gameiro M, Martins AP, Saraiva JA. Epigenetic reprogramming as a key to reverse ageing and increase longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102204. [PMID: 38272265 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit for the fountain of youth has long been a fascination amongst scientists and humanity. Ageing is broadly characterized by a cellular decline with increased susceptibility to age-related diseases, being intimately associated with epigenetic modifications. Recently, reprogramming-induced rejuvenation strategies have begun to greatly alter longevity research not only to tackle age-related defects but also to possibly reverse the cellular ageing process. Hence, in this review, we highlight the major epigenetic changes during ageing and the state-of-art of the current emerging epigenetic reprogramming strategies leveraging on transcription factors. Notably, partial reprogramming enables the resetting of the ageing clock without erasing cellular identity. Promising chemical-based rejuvenation strategies harnessing small molecules, including DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors are also discussed. Moreover, in parallel to longevity interventions, the foundations of epigenetic clocks for accurate ageing assessment and evaluation of reprogramming approaches are briefly presented. Going further, with such scientific breakthroughs, we are witnessing a rise in the longevity biotech industry aiming to extend the health span and ideally achieve human rejuvenation one day. In this context, we overview the main scenarios proposed for the future of the socio-economic and ethical challenges associated with such an emerging field. Ultimately, this review aims to inspire future research on interventions that promote healthy ageing for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Inês A Alves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Margarida Costa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana Gameiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana P Martins
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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4
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Dai M, Yang N, Xu K, Zhang J, Li X, Zhang Y, Li W. Discovering human cell-compatible gene therapy virus variants via optimized screening in mouse models. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13565. [PMID: 37864397 PMCID: PMC10905335 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In gene therapy, intravenous injection of viral vectors reigns as the primary administration route. These vectors include adeno-associated viruses, adenoviruses, herpes viruses, rhabdoviruses and others. However, these naturally occurring viruses lack inherent tissue or organ tropism for tailored disease treatment. To address this, we devised an optimized process involving directed viral capsid evolution, organ-specific humanized mouse models and in vitro-in vivo virus screening. Our approach allows for the rapid generation specifically modified adeno-associated virus variants, surpassing the time required for natural evolution, which spans millions of years. Notably, these variants exhibit robust targeting of the liver, favouring chimeric human liver cells over murine hepatocytes. Furthermore, certain variants achieve augmented targeting with reduced off-target organ infection, thereby mitigating dosage requirements and enhancing safety in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xueke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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5
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Merjaneh N, Hajjar M, Lan YW, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. The Promise of Combination Therapies with FOXM1 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:756. [PMID: 38398147 PMCID: PMC10886945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor in the forkhead (FOX) family, which is required for cellular proliferation in normal and neoplastic cells. FOXM1 is highly expressed in many different cancers, and its expression is associated with a higher tumor stage and worse patient-related outcomes. Abnormally high expression of FOXM1 in cancers compared to normal tissue makes FOXM1 an attractive target for pharmacological inhibition. FOXM1-inhibiting agents and specific FOXM1-targeted small-molecule inhibitors have been developed in the lab and some of them have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles in mouse models. While the future goal is to translate FOXM1 inhibitors to clinical trials, potential synergistic drug combinations can maximize anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. Hence, we discuss the rationale and efficacy of all previously studied drug combinations with FOXM1 inhibitors for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Merjaneh
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mona Hajjar
- The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
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6
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van der Weijden VA, Stötzel M, Iyer DP, Fauler B, Gralinska E, Shahraz M, Meierhofer D, Vingron M, Rulands S, Alexandrov T, Mielke T, Bulut-Karslioglu A. FOXO1-mediated lipid metabolism maintains mammalian embryos in dormancy. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:181-193. [PMID: 38177284 PMCID: PMC10866708 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian developmental timing is adjustable in vivo by preserving pre-implantation embryos in a dormant state called diapause. Inhibition of the growth regulator mTOR (mTORi) pauses mouse development in vitro, yet how embryonic dormancy is maintained is not known. Here we show that mouse embryos in diapause are sustained by using lipids as primary energy source. In vitro, supplementation of embryos with the metabolite L-carnitine balances lipid consumption, puts the embryos in deeper dormancy and boosts embryo longevity. We identify FOXO1 as an essential regulator of the energy balance in dormant embryos and propose, through meta-analyses of dormant cell signatures, that it may be a common regulator of dormancy across adult tissues. Our results lift a constraint on in vitro embryo survival and suggest that lipid metabolism may be a critical metabolic transition relevant for longevity and stem cell function across tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A van der Weijden
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Stötzel
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dhanur P Iyer
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrix Fauler
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elzbieta Gralinska
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Shahraz
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Vingron
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Rulands
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aydan Bulut-Karslioglu
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
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7
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Shen ZQ, Chang CY, Yeh CH, Lu CK, Hung HC, Wang TW, Wu KS, Tung CY, Tsai TF. Hesperetin activates CISD2 to attenuate senescence in human keratinocytes from an older person and rejuvenates naturally aged skin in mice. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:15. [PMID: 38263133 PMCID: PMC10807130 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2 (CISD2), a pro-longevity gene, mediates healthspan in mammals. CISD2 is down-regulated during aging. Furthermore, a persistently high level of CISD2 promotes longevity and ameliorates an age-related skin phenotype in transgenic mice. Here we translate the genetic evidence into a pharmaceutical application using a potent CISD2 activator, hesperetin, which enhances CISD2 expression in HEK001 human keratinocytes from an older person. We also treated naturally aged mice in order to study the activator's anti-aging efficacy. METHODS We studied the biological effects of hesperetin on aging skin using, firstly, a cell-based platform, namely a HEK001 human keratinocyte cell line established from an older person. Secondly, we used a mouse model, namely old mice at 21-month old. In the latter case, we investigate the anti-aging efficacy of hesperetin on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photoaging and naturally aged skin. Furthermore, to identify the underlying mechanisms and potential biological pathways involved in this process we carried out transcriptomic analysis. Finally, CISD2 knockdown HEK001 keratinocytes and Cisd2 knockout mice were used to study the Cisd2-dependent effects of hesperetin on skin aging. RESULTS Four findings are pinpointed. Firstly, in human skin, CISD2 is mainly expressed in proliferating keratinocytes from the epidermal basal layer and, furthermore, CISD2 is down-regulated in the sun-exposed epidermis. Secondly, in HEK001 human keratinocytes from an older person, hesperetin enhances mitochondrial function and protects against reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress via increased CISD2 expression; this enhancement is CISD2-dependent. Additionally, hesperetin alleviates UVB-induced damage and suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, the latter being a major indicator of UVB-induced damage in keratinocytes. Thirdly, transcriptomic analysis revealed that hesperetin modulates a panel of differentially expressed genes that are associated with mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis, keratinocyte function, and inflammation in order to attenuate senescence. Intriguingly, hesperetin activates two known longevity-associated regulators, namely FOXO3a and FOXM1, in order to suppress the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Finally, in mouse skin, hesperetin enhances CISD2 expression to ameliorate UVB-induced photoaging and this occurs via a mechanism involving CISD2. Most strikingly, late-life treatment with hesperetin started at 21-month old and lasting for 5 months, is able to retard skin aging and rejuvenate naturally aged skin in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that a pharmacological elevation of CISD2 expression at a late-life stage using hesperetin treatment is a feasible approach to effectively mitigating both intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging and that hesperetin could act as a functional food or as a skincare product for fighting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Qing Shen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Chang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiao Yeh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chih Hung
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wen Wang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Sheng Wu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Tung
- Genomics Center for Clinical and Biotechnological Applications, Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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8
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Cipriano A, Moqri M, Maybury-Lewis SY, Rogers-Hammond R, de Jong TA, Parker A, Rasouli S, Schöler HR, Sinclair DA, Sebastiano V. Mechanisms, pathways and strategies for rejuvenation through epigenetic reprogramming. Nat Aging 2024; 4:14-26. [PMID: 38102454 PMCID: PMC11058000 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in efforts to ameliorate aging and the diseases it causes, with transient expression of nuclear reprogramming factors recently emerging as an intriguing approach. Expression of these factors, either systemically or in a tissue-specific manner, has been shown to combat age-related deterioration in mouse and human model systems at the cellular, tissue and organismal level. Here we discuss the current state of epigenetic rejuvenation strategies via partial reprogramming in both mouse and human models. For each classical reprogramming factor, we provide a brief description of its contribution to reprogramming and discuss additional factors or chemical strategies. We discuss what is known regarding chromatin remodeling and the molecular dynamics underlying rejuvenation, and, finally, we consider strategies to improve the practical uses of epigenetic reprogramming to treat aging and age-related diseases, focusing on the open questions and remaining challenges in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cipriano
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mahdi Moqri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Tineke Anna de Jong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Parker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sajede Rasouli
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hans Robert Schöler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vittorio Sebastiano
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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9
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Gaspar-Silva F, Trigo D, Magalhaes J. Ageing in the brain: mechanisms and rejuvenating strategies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:190. [PMID: 37354261 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the progressive loss of cellular homeostasis, leading to an overall decline of the organism's fitness. In the brain, ageing is highly associated with cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. With the rise in life expectancy, characterizing the brain ageing process becomes fundamental for developing therapeutic interventions against the increased incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases and to aim for an increase in human life span and, more importantly, health span. In this review, we start by introducing the molecular/cellular hallmarks associated with brain ageing and their impact on brain cell populations. Subsequently, we assess emerging evidence on how systemic ageing translates into brain ageing. Finally, we revisit the mainstream and the novel rejuvenating strategies, discussing the most successful ones in delaying brain ageing and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Gaspar-Silva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Trigo
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Magalhaes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Kandhaya-Pillai R, Miro-Mur F, Alijotas-Reig J, Tchkonia T, Schwartz S, Kirkland JL, Oshima J. Key elements of cellular senescence involve transcriptional repression of mitotic and DNA repair genes through the p53-p16/RB-E2F-DREAM complex. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:4012-4034. [PMID: 37219418 PMCID: PMC10258023 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a dynamic stress response process that contributes to aging. From initiation to maintenance, senescent cells continuously undergo complex molecular changes and develop an altered transcriptome. Understanding how the molecular architecture of these cells evolve to sustain their non-proliferative state will open new therapeutic avenues to alleviate or delay the consequences of aging. Seeking to understand these molecular changes, we studied the transcriptomic profiles of endothelial replication-induced senescence and senescence induced by the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α. We previously reported gene expressional pattern, pathways, and the mechanisms associated with upregulated genes during TNF-α induced senescence. Here, we extend our work and find downregulated gene signatures of both replicative and TNF-α senescence were highly overlapped, involving the decreased expression of several genes associated with cell cycle regulation, DNA replication, recombination, repair, chromatin structure, cellular assembly, and organization. We identified multiple targets of p53/p16-RB-E2F-DREAM that are essential for proliferation, mitotic progression, resolving DNA damage, maintaining chromatin integrity, and DNA synthesis that were repressed in senescent cells. We show that repression of multiple target genes in the p53/p16-RB-E2F-DREAM pathway collectively contributes to the stability of the senescent arrest. Our findings show that the regulatory connection between DREAM and cellular senescence may play a potential role in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Kandhaya-Pillai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Francesc Miro-Mur
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Jaume Alijotas-Reig
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Simo Schwartz
- Drug Delivery and Targeting Group, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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11
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Zhang Z, Li M, Sun T, Zhang Z, Liu C. FOXM1: Functional Roles of FOXM1 in Non-Malignant Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050857. [PMID: 37238726 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are a wing-like helix family of transcription factors in the DNA-binding region. By mediating the activation and inhibition of transcription and interactions with all kinds of transcriptional co-regulators (MuvB complexes, STAT3, β-catenin, etc.), they play significant roles in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, biological aging and immune regulation, development, and diseases in mammals. Recent studies have focused on translating these essential findings into clinical applications in order to improve quality of life, investigating areas such as diabetes, inflammation, and pulmonary fibrosis, and increase human lifespan. Early studies have shown that forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) functions as a key gene in pathological processes in multiple diseases by regulating genes related to proliferation, the cell cycle, migration, and apoptosis and genes related to diagnosis, therapy, and injury repair. Although FOXM1 has long been studied in relation to human diseases, its role needs to be elaborated on. FOXM1 expression is involved in the development or repair of multiple diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, diabetes, liver injury repair, adrenal lesions, vascular diseases, brain diseases, arthritis, myasthenia gravis, and psoriasis. The complex mechanisms involve multiple signaling pathways, such as WNT/β-catenin, STAT3/FOXM1/GLUT1, c-Myc/FOXM1, FOXM1/SIRT4/NF-κB, and FOXM1/SEMA3C/NRP2/Hedgehog. This paper reviews the key roles and functions of FOXM1 in kidney, vascular, lung, brain, bone, heart, skin, and blood vessel diseases to elucidate the role of FOXM1 in the development and progression of human non-malignant diseases and makes suggestions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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12
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Wang M, Shen Y, Tan Z, Yasen A, Fan B, Shen X. Metabolomics analysis of dietary restriction results in a longer lifespan due to alters of amino acid levels in larval hemolymph of Bombyx mori. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6828. [PMID: 37100857 PMCID: PMC10133320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) has been a very important discovery in modern aging biology research. Its remarkable anti-aging effect has been proved in a variety of organisms, including members of Lepidoptera, but mechanisms by which DR increases longevity are not fully understood. By using the silkworm (Bombyx mori), a model of lepidopteran insect, we established a DR model, isolated hemolymph from fifth instar larvae and employed LC-MS/MS metabolomics to analyze the effect of DR on the endogenous metabolites of silkworm, and tried to clarify the mechanism of DR to prolong lifespan. We identified the potential biomarkers by analyzing the metabolites of the DR and control groups. Then, we constructed relevant metabolic pathways and networks with MetaboAnalyst. DR significantly prolonged the lifespan of silkworm. The differential metabolites between the DR and control groups were mainly organic acids (including amino acid), and amines. These metabolites are involved in metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism. Further analysis showed that, the levels of 17 amino acids were significantly changed in the DR group, indicating that the prolonged lifespan was mainly due to changes in amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, we identified 41 and 28 unique differential metabolites in males and females, respectively, demonstrating sex differences in biological responses to DR. The DR group showed higher antioxidant capacity and lower lipid peroxidation and inflammatory precursors, with differences between the sexes. These results provide evidence for various DR anti-aging mechanisms at the metabolic level and novel reference for the future development of DR-simulating drugs or foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichen Shen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhicheng Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ayinuer Yasen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingyan Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingjia Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212100, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Qin M, Chen W, Hua L, Meng Y, Wang J, Li H, Yang R, Yan L, Qiao J. DNA methylation abnormalities induced by advanced maternal age in villi prime a high-risk state for spontaneous abortion. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:44. [PMID: 36945044 PMCID: PMC10029192 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01432-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced maternal age (AMA) has increased in many high-income countries in recent decades. AMA is generally associated with a higher risk of various pregnancy complications, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In the current study, we profiled the DNA methylome of 24 human chorionic villi samples (CVSs) from early pregnancies in AMA and young maternal age (YMA), 11 CVSs from early spontaneous abortion (SA) cases using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), and the transcriptome of 10 CVSs from AMA and YMA pregnancies with mRNA sequencing(mRNA-seq). Single-cell villous transcriptional atlas presented expression patterns of targeted AMA-/SA-related genes. Trophoblast cellular impairment was investigated through the knockdown of GNE expression in HTR8-S/Vneo cells. RESULTS AMA-induced local DNA methylation changes, defined as AMA-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), may be derived from the abnormal expression of genes involved in DNA demethylation, such as GADD45B. These DNA methylation changes were significantly enriched in the processes involved in NOTCH signaling and extracellular matrix organization and were reflected in the transcriptional alterations in the corresponding biological processes and specific genes. Furthermore, the DNA methylation level of special AMA-related DMRs not only significantly changed in AMA but also showed more excessive defects in CVS from spontaneous abortion (SA), including four AMA-related DMRs whose nearby genes overlapped with AMA-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (CDK11A, C19orf71, COL5A1, and GNE). The decreased DNA methylation level of DMR near GNE was positively correlated with the downregulated expression of GNE in AMA. Single-cell atlas further revealed comparatively high expression of GNE in the trophoblast lineage, and knockdown of GNE in HTR8-S/Vneo cells significantly impaired cellular proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION Our study provides valuable resources for investigating AMA-induced epigenetic abnormalities and provides new insights for explaining the increased risks of pregnancy complications in AMA pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lingyue Hua
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hanna Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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14
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Ji S, Xiong M, Chen H, Liu Y, Zhou L, Hong Y, Wang M, Wang C, Fu X, Sun X. Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:116. [PMID: 36918530 PMCID: PMC10015098 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration, with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells or organisms more youthful characteristics through various techniques, such as cellular reprogramming and epigenetic regulation. The great leaps in cellular rejuvenation prove that ageing is not a one-way street, and many rejuvenative interventions have emerged to delay and even reverse the ageing process. Defining the mechanism by which roadblocks and signaling inputs influence complex ageing programs is essential for understanding and developing rejuvenative strategies. Here, we discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that counteract cell rejuvenation, and the targeted cells and core mechanisms involved in this process. Then, we critically summarize the latest advances in state-of-art strategies of cellular rejuvenation. Various rejuvenation methods also provide insights for treating specific ageing-related diseases, including cellular reprogramming, the removal of senescence cells (SCs) and suppression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), metabolic manipulation, stem cells-associated therapy, dietary restriction, immune rejuvenation and heterochronic transplantation, etc. The potential applications of rejuvenation therapy also extend to cancer treatment. Finally, we analyze in detail the therapeutic opportunities and challenges of rejuvenation technology. Deciphering rejuvenation interventions will provide further insights into anti-ageing and ageing-related disease treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifei Ji
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huating Chen
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Laixian Zhou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiyue Hong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
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15
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Zhang J, Wang S, Liu B. New Insights into the Genetics and Epigenetics of Aging Plasticity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020329. [PMID: 36833255 PMCID: PMC9956228 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is characterized by irreversible cell cycle blockade, a decreased capacity for tissue regeneration, and an increased risk of age-related diseases and mortality. A variety of genetic and epigenetic factors regulate aging, including the abnormal expression of aging-related genes, increased DNA methylation levels, altered histone modifications, and unbalanced protein translation homeostasis. The epitranscriptome is also closely associated with aging. Aging is regulated by both genetic and epigenetic factors, with significant variability, heterogeneity, and plasticity. Understanding the complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of aging will aid the identification of aging-related markers, which may in turn aid the development of effective interventions against this process. This review summarizes the latest research in the field of aging from a genetic and epigenetic perspective. We analyze the relationships between aging-related genes, examine the possibility of reversing the aging process by altering epigenetic age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shixiao Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention (SKL-SAI), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Lihu Campus, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-75586674609
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16
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López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G. Hallmarks of aging: An expanding universe. Cell 2023; 186:243-278. [PMID: 36599349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 784] [Impact Index Per Article: 784.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aging is driven by hallmarks fulfilling the following three premises: (1) their age-associated manifestation, (2) the acceleration of aging by experimentally accentuating them, and (3) the opportunity to decelerate, stop, or reverse aging by therapeutic interventions on them. We propose the following twelve hallmarks of aging: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, disabled macroautophagy, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis. These hallmarks are interconnected among each other, as well as to the recently proposed hallmarks of health, which include organizational features of spatial compartmentalization, maintenance of homeostasis, and adequate responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria A Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
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17
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Abstract
'Age reprogramming' refers to the process by which the molecular and cellular pathways of a cell that are subject to age-related decline are rejuvenated without passage through an embryonic stage. This process differs from the rejuvenation observed in differentiated derivatives of induced pluripotent stem cells, which involves passage through an embryonic stage and loss of cellular identity. Accordingly, the study of age reprogramming can provide an understanding of how ageing can be reversed while retaining cellular identity and the specialised function(s) of a cell, which will be of benefit to regenerative medicine. Here, we highlight recent work that has provided a more nuanced understanding of age reprogramming and point to some open questions in the field that might be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prim B. Singh
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, 5/1 Kerei Zhanibek Khandar Street, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan,Author for correspondence ()
| | - Assem Zhakupova
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, 5/1 Kerei Zhanibek Khandar Street, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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18
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Liu H, Chen L, Xiao W, Liu J, Long C, Zhan W, Cui C, Yang L, Chen S. Alteration of E2F2 Expression in Governing Endothelial Cell Senescence. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1522. [PMID: 36140689 PMCID: PMC9498592 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell senescence has a vital implication for vascular dysfunction, leading to age-related cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension and atherosclerosis. E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2) plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and DNA damage response. Up to date, no study has ever connected E2F2 to vascular endothelial cell senescence. Here, we demonstrate that E2F2 is involved in endothelial cellular senescence. We found that E2F2 expression is decreased during the replicative senescence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the aortas of aged mice. The knockdown of E2F2 in young HUVECs induces premature senescence characterized by an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, a reduction in phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), and the upregulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) IL-6 and IL-8. The lack of E2F2 promoted cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and cell proliferation inhibition. Conversely, E2F2 overexpression reversed the senescence phenotype and enhanced the cellular function in the senescent cells. Furthermore, E2F2 deficiency downregulated downstream target genes including CNNA2, CDK1, and FOXM1, and overexpression restored the expression of these genes. Our findings demonstrate that E2F2 plays an indispensable role in endothelial cell senescence.
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Yang EJ, Park JH, Cho HJ, Hwang JA, Woo SH, Park CH, Kim SY, Park JT, Park SC, Hwang D, Lee YS. Co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK synergistically improves cell proliferation in replicative senescence by activating FOXM1 and E2F1. Commun Biol 2022; 5:702. [PMID: 35835838 PMCID: PMC9283421 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted nature of senescent cell cycle arrest necessitates the targeting of multiple factors arresting or promoting the cell cycle. We report that co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK by KU-60019 and Y-27632, respectively, synergistically increases the proliferation of human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence through activation of the transcription factors E2F1 and FOXM1. Time-course transcriptome analysis identified FOXM1 and E2F1 as crucial factors promoting proliferation. Co-inhibition of the kinases ATM and ROCK first promotes the G2/M transition via FOXM1 activation, leading to accumulation of cells undergoing the G1/S transition via E2F1 activation. The combination of both inhibitors increased this effect more significantly than either inhibitor alone, suggesting synergism. Our results demonstrate a FOXM1- and E2F1-mediated molecular pathway enhancing cell cycle progression in cells with proliferative potential under replicative senescence conditions, and treatment with the inhibitors can be tested for senomorphic effect in vivo. Inhibitors to ATM and ROCK kinases increases the proliferation via transcriptional changes in human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence in a synergistic manner
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jae Yang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Cho
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Hwang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Woo
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
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Ouchi Y, Sahu SK, Izpisua Belmonte JC. FOXM1 delays senescence and extends lifespan. Nat Aging 2022; 2:373-374. [PMID: 37118068 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00222-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Ouchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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