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Dadwal SS, Bansal R, Schuster MW, Yared JA, Myers GD, Matzko M, Adnan S, McNeel D, Ma J, Gilmore SA, Vasileiou S, Leen AM, Hill JA, Young JAH. Final outcomes from a phase 2 trial of posoleucel in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Blood Adv 2024; 8:4740-4750. [PMID: 38593233 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) recipients are susceptible to viral infections. We conducted a phase 2 trial evaluating the safety and rate of clinically significant infections (CSIs; viremia requiring treatment or end-organ disease) after infusion of posoleucel, a partially HLA-matched, allogeneic, off-the-shelf, multivirus-specific T-cell investigational product for preventing CSIs with adenovirus, BK virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus-6, or JC virus. This open-label trial enrolled allo-HCT recipients at high risk based on receiving grafts from umbilical cord blood, haploidentical, mismatched, or matched unrelated donors; post-HCT lymphocytes of <180/mm3; or use of T-cell depletion. Posoleucel dosing was initiated within 15 to 49 days of allo-HCT and subsequently every 14 days for up to 7 doses. The primary end point was the number of CSIs due to the 6 target viruses by week 14. Of the 26 patients enrolled, only 3 (12%) had a CSI by week 14, each with a single target virus. In vivo expansion of functional virus-specific T cells detected via interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay was associated with viral control. Persistence of posoleucel-derived T-cell clones for up to 14 weeks after the last infusion was confirmed by T-cell-receptor deep sequencing. Five patients (19%) had acute graft-versus-host disease grade 2 to 4. No patient experienced cytokine release syndrome. All 6 deaths were due to relapse or disease progression. allo-HCT recipients at high risk who received posoleucel had low rates of CSIs from 6 targeted viruses. Repeat posoleucel dosing was generally safe and well tolerated and associated with functional immune reconstitution. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT04693637.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet S Dadwal
- Division of Infectious Disease, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Rajat Bansal
- Department of Hematology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Michael W Schuster
- Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation, Stony Brook University Hospital Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Jean A Yared
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gary Douglas Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy of Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Spyridoula Vasileiou
- AlloVir, Waltham, MA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ann M Leen
- AlloVir, Waltham, MA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Joshua A Hill
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jo-Anne H Young
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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2
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Zhu S, Jin Y, Zhou M, Li L, Song X, Su X, Liu B, Shen J. KK-LC-1, a biomarker for prognosis of immunotherapy for primary liver cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:811. [PMID: 38972967 PMCID: PMC11229184 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is mounting evidence that patients with liver cancer can benefit from Immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, due to the high cost and low efficacy, we aimed to explore new biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy. METHODS Specimens and medical records of liver cancer patients treated at Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University were collected, and the expression of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) in tissues as well as the corresponding antibodies in serum were examined to find biomarkers related to the prognosis of immunotherapy and to explore its mechanism in the development of liver cancer. RESULTS KK-LC-1 expression was found to be 34.4% in histopathological specimens from 131 patients and was significantly correlated with Foxp3 expression (P = 0.0356). The expression of Foxp3 in the tissues of 24 patients who received immunotherapy was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0247), and there was also a tendency for prolonged OS in patients with high expression of KK-LC-1. In addition, the expression of KK-LC-1 antibody in the serum of patients who received immunotherapy with a first efficacy evaluation of stable disease (SD) was significantly higher than those with partial response (PR) (P = 0.0413). CONCLUSIONS Expression of KK-LC-1 in both tissues and serum has been shown to correlate with the prognosis of patients treated with immunotherapy, and KK-LC-1 is a potential therapeutic target for oncological immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Zhu
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing international Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuncheng Jin
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhou
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pathologyof Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueru Song
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Su
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jie Shen
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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3
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Lu Q, Yang D, Li H, Niu T, Tong A. Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:25. [PMID: 38961036 PMCID: PMC11222366 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00188-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy of plasma cells, characterized by osteolytic bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, renal failure, and the accumulation of malignant plasma cells. The pathogenesis of MM involves the interaction between MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment through soluble cytokines and cell adhesion molecules, which activate various signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/MAPK, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB pathways. Aberrant activation of these pathways contributes to the proliferation, survival, migration, and drug resistance of myeloma cells, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Currently, approved drugs targeting these signaling pathways in MM are limited, with many inhibitors and inducers still in preclinical or clinical research stages. Therapeutic options for MM include non-targeted drugs like alkylating agents, corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Additionally, targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific T-cell engagers, and bispecific antibodies are being used in MM treatment. Despite significant advancements in MM treatment, the disease remains incurable, emphasizing the need for the development of novel or combined targeted therapies based on emerging theoretical knowledge, technologies, and platforms. In this review, we highlight the key role of signaling pathways in the malignant progression and treatment of MM, exploring advances in targeted therapy and potential treatments to offer further insights for improving MM management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhong Lu
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hexian Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Research Unit of Gene and Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China.
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4
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Leung WK, Torres Chavez AG, French-Kim M, Shafer P, Mamonkin M, Hill LC, Kuvalekar M, Velazquez Y, Watanabe A, Watanabe N, Hoyos V, Lulla P, Leen AM. Targeting IDH2R140Q and other neoantigens in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2024; 143:1726-1737. [PMID: 38241630 PMCID: PMC11103096 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT For patients with high-risk or relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the graft-versus-leukemia effect mediated by donor T cells, offer the best chance of long-term remission. However, the concurrent transfer of alloreactive T cells can lead to graft-versus-host disease that is associated with transplant-related morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, ∼60% of patients will ultimately relapse after allo-HSCT, thus, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies that are safe and effective. In this study, we explored the feasibility of immunotherapeutically targeting neoantigens, which arise from recurrent nonsynonymous mutations in AML and thus represent attractive targets because they are exclusively present on the tumor. Focusing on 14 recurrent driver mutations across 8 genes found in AML, we investigated their immunogenicity in 23 individuals with diverse HLA profiles. We demonstrate the immunogenicity of AML neoantigens, with 17 of 23 (74%) reactive donors screened mounting a response. The most immunodominant neoantigens were IDH2R140Q (n = 11 of 17 responders), IDH1R132H (n = 7 of 17), and FLT3D835Y (n = 6 of 17). In-depth studies of IDH2R140Q-specific T cells revealed the presence of reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells capable of recognizing distinct mutant-specific epitopes restricted to different HLA alleles. These neo-T cells could selectively recognize and kill HLA-matched AML targets endogenously expressing IDH2R140Q both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings support the clinical translation of neoantigen-specific T cells to treat relapsed/refractory AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wingchi K. Leung
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Alejandro G. Torres Chavez
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Matthew French-Kim
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Paul Shafer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Maksim Mamonkin
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - LaQuisa C. Hill
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Manik Kuvalekar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Yovana Velazquez
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ayumi Watanabe
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Norihiro Watanabe
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Valentina Hoyos
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Premal Lulla
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ann M. Leen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
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5
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Pateraki P, Latsoudis H, Papadopoulou A, Gontika I, Fragiadaki I, Mavroudi I, Bizymi N, Batsali A, Klontzas ME, Xagorari A, Michalopoulos E, Sotiropoulos D, Yannaki E, Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Papadaki HA. Perspectives for the Use of Umbilical Cord Blood in Transplantation and Beyond: Initiatives for an Advanced and Sustainable Public Banking Program in Greece. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1152. [PMID: 38398465 PMCID: PMC10889829 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The umbilical cord blood (UCB) donated in public UCB banks is a source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) alternative to bone marrow for allogeneic HSC transplantation (HSCT). However, the high rejection rate of the donated units due to the strict acceptance criteria and the wide application of the haploidentical HSCT have resulted in significant limitation of the use of UCB and difficulties in the economic sustainability of the public UCB banks. There is an ongoing effort within the UCB community to optimize the use of UCB in the field of HSCT and a parallel interest in exploring the use of UCB for applications beyond HSCT i.e., in the fields of cell therapy, regenerative medicine and specialized transfusion medicine. In this report, we describe the mode of operation of the three public UCB banks in Greece as an example of an orchestrated effort to develop a viable UCB banking system by (a) prioritizing the enrichment of the national inventory by high-quality UCB units from populations with rare human leukocyte antigens (HLA), and (b) deploying novel sustainable applications of UCB beyond HSCT, through national and international collaborations. The Greek paradigm of the public UCB network may become an example for countries, particularly with high HLA heterogeneity, with public UCB banks facing sustainability difficulties and adds value to the international efforts aiming to sustainably expand the public UCB banking system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Pateraki
- Law Directorate of the Health Region of Crete, Ministry of Health, Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Institute of Computer Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology–Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Anastasia Papadopoulou
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Department of Hematology-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioanna Gontika
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Irene Fragiadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Irene Mavroudi
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Nikoleta Bizymi
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Aristea Batsali
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Michail E. Klontzas
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Angeliki Xagorari
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Department of Hematology, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.X.); (D.S.)
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank (HCBB), Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Damianos Sotiropoulos
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Department of Hematology, George Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.X.); (D.S.)
| | - Evangelia Yannaki
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank (HCBB), Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Helen A. Papadaki
- Public Cord Blood Bank of Crete, Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (I.G.); (I.F.); (I.M.); (N.B.); (A.B.)
- Hemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
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6
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Tsimberidou AM, Baysal MA, Chakraborty A, Andersson BS. Autologous engineered T cell receptor therapy in advanced cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2290356. [PMID: 38114231 PMCID: PMC10732691 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2290356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome challenges associated with adoptive cell therapy (ACT), we developed a personalized autologous T-cell therapy program. Patients with advanced cancer with HLA-A *02:01 allele and tumor expression of PRAME, MAGEA1, MAGEA4, MAGEA8, NY-ESO-1, COL6A3 exon 6, MXRA5, and/or MMP1 underwent leukapheresis and T-cell product manufacturing. Patients received lymphodepletion, IMA101 infusion and interleukin 2 for 14 days. Of 214 screened patients, 14 were treated (6, IMA101; 8, IMA101 and atezolizumab). The most common adverse events were cytokine release syndrome (G1, n = 6; G2, n = 4) and cytopenia. At 6 weeks, 12 (85.7%) patients had stable disease. Three patients had prolonged disease stabilization for 12.9, 7.3, and 13.7 months, respectively. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.4 months and 9.4 months, respectively. Target-specific T cells expanded to constitute up to 78.7% of CD8+ cells. In conclusion, IMA101 was feasible and well tolerated, leveraging the potential of multi-targeted ACT that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia M. Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mehmet A. Baysal
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhijit Chakraborty
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Borje S. Andersson
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Mateus D, Sebastião AI, Frasco MF, Carrascal MA, Falcão A, Gomes CM, Neves B, Sales MGF, Cruz MT. Artificial Dendritic Cells: A New Era of Promising Antitumor Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303940. [PMID: 37469192 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The accelerated development of antitumor immunotherapies in recent years has brought immunomodulation into the spotlight. These include immunotherapeutic treatments with dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines which can elicit tumor-specific immune responses and prolong survival. However, this personalized treatment has several drawbacks, including being costly, labor-intensive, and time consuming. This has sparked interest in producing artificial dendritic cells (aDCs) to open up the possibility of standardized "off-the-shelf" protocols and circumvent the cumbersome and expensive personalized medicine. aDCs take advantage of materials that can be designed and tailored for specific clinical applications. Here, an overview of the immunobiology underlying antigen presentation by DCs is provided in an attempt to select the key features to be mimicked and/or improved through the development of aDCs. The inherent properties of aDCs that greatly impact their performance in vivo and, consequently, the fate of the triggered immune response are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mateus
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology-CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
- BioMark@UC/CEB - LABBELS Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Ana I Sebastião
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology-CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Manuela F Frasco
- BioMark@UC/CEB - LABBELS Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | | | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Célia M Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIBB, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Bruno Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria G F Sales
- BioMark@UC/CEB - LABBELS Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Maria T Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology-CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-504, Portugal
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8
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Tsimberidou AM, Guenther K, Andersson BS, Mendrzyk R, Alpert A, Wagner C, Nowak A, Aslan K, Satelli A, Richter F, Kuttruff-Coqui S, Schoor O, Fritsche J, Coughlin Z, Mohamed AS, Sieger K, Norris B, Ort R, Beck J, Vo HH, Hoffgaard F, Ruh M, Backert L, Wistuba II, Fuhrmann D, Ibrahim NK, Morris VK, Kee BK, Halperin DM, Nogueras-Gonzalez GM, Kebriaei P, Shpall EJ, Vining D, Hwu P, Singh H, Reinhardt C, Britten CM, Hilf N, Weinschenk T, Maurer D, Walter S. Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:925-945. [PMID: 37172100 PMCID: PMC10330623 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
IMA101 is an actively personalized, multi-targeted adoptive cell therapy (ACT), whereby autologous T cells are directed against multiple novel defined peptide-HLA (pHLA) cancer targets. HLA-A*02:01-positive patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors expressing ≥1 of 8 predefined targets underwent leukapheresis. Endogenous T cells specific for up to 4 targets were primed and expanded in vitro. Patients received lymphodepletion (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide), followed by T-cell infusion and low-dose IL2 (Cohort 1). Patients in Cohort 2 received atezolizumab for up to 1 year (NCT02876510). Overall, 214 patients were screened, 15 received lymphodepletion (13 women, 2 men; median age, 44 years), and 14 were treated with T-cell products. IMA101 treatment was feasible and well tolerated. The most common adverse events were cytokine release syndrome (Grade 1, n = 6; Grade 2, n = 4) and expected cytopenias. No patient died during the first 100 days after T-cell therapy. No neurotoxicity was observed. No objective responses were noted. Prolonged disease stabilization was noted in three patients lasting for 13.7, 12.9, and 7.3 months. High frequencies of target-specific T cells (up to 78.7% of CD8+ cells) were detected in the blood of treated patients, persisted for >1 year, and were detectable in posttreatment tumor tissue. Individual T-cell receptors (TCR) contained in T-cell products exhibited broad variation in TCR avidity, with the majority being low avidity. High-avidity TCRs were identified in some patients' products. This study demonstrates the feasibility and tolerability of an actively personalized ACT directed to multiple defined pHLA cancer targets. Results warrant further evaluation of multi-target ACT approaches using potent high-avidity TCRs. See related Spotlight by Uslu and June, p. 865.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia M Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Borje S Andersson
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Anna Nowak
- Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Aslan
- Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Becky Norris
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rita Ort
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer Beck
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Henry Hiep Vo
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Manuel Ruh
- Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Nuhad K Ibrahim
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Van Karlyle Morris
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas
| | - Bryan K Kee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas
| | - Daniel M Halperin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas
| | | | - Partow Kebriaei
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David Vining
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Norbert Hilf
- Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
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9
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Ren S, Yang D, Dong Y, Ni W, Wang M, Xing L, Liu T, Hou W, Sun W, Zhang H, Yu Z, Liu Y, Cao J, Yan H, Feng Y, Fang X, Wang Q, Chen F. Protamine 1 as a secreted colorectal cancer-specific antigen facilitating G1/S phase transition under nutrient stress conditions. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:357-373. [PMID: 36593375 PMCID: PMC10060357 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00754-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are optimal tumor diagnostic markers and involved in carcinogenesis. However, colorectal cancer (CRC) related CTAs are less reported with impressive diagnostic capability or relevance with tumor metabolism rewiring. Herein, we demonstrated CRC-related CTA, Protamine 1 (PRM1), as a promising diagnostic marker and involved in regulation of cellular growth under nutrient deficiency. METHODS Transcriptomics of five paired CRC tissues was used to screen CRC-related CTAs. Capability of PRM1 to distinguish CRC was studied by detection of clinical samples through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cellular functions were investigated in CRC cell lines through in vivo and in vitro assays. RESULTS By RNA-seq and detection in 824 clinical samples from two centers, PRM1 expression were upregulated in CRC tissues and patients` serum. Serum PRM1 showed impressive accuracy to diagnose CRC from healthy controls and benign gastrointestinal disease patients, particularly more sensitive for early-staged CRC. Furthermore, we reported that when cells were cultured in serum-reduced medium, PRM1 secretion was upregulated, and secreted PRM1 promoted CRC growth in culture and in mice. Additionally, G1/S phase transition of CRC cells was facilitated by PRM1 protein supplementation and overexpression via activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in serum deficient medium. CONCLUSIONS In general, our research presented PRM1 as a specific CRC antigen and illustrated the importance of PRM1 in CRC metabolism rewiring. The new vulnerability of CRC cells was also provided with the potential to be targeted in future. Diagnostic value and grow factor-like biofunction of PRM1 A represents the secretion process of PRM1 regulated by nutrient deficiency. B represents activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway of secreted PRM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Nanomedicine and Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dingquan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongli Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Weidong Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Nanomedicine and Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjia Hou
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixuan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haolong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingrui Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbo Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Nanomedicine and Translational Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Welty NE, Gill SI. Cancer Immunotherapy Beyond Checkpoint Blockade: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review. JACC CardioOncol 2022; 4:563-578. [PMID: 36636439 PMCID: PMC9830230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Avoidance of immune destruction is recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer development. Although first predicted as a potential antitumor treatment modality more than 50 years ago, the widespread clinical use of cancer immunotherapies has only recently become a reality. Cancer immunotherapy works by reactivation of a stalled pre-existing immune response or by eliciting a de novo immune response, and its toolkit comprises antibodies, vaccines, cytokines, and cell-based therapies. The treatment paradigm in some malignancies has completely changed over the past 10 to 15 years. Massive efforts in preclinical development have led to a surge of clinical trials testing innovative therapeutic approaches as monotherapy and, increasingly, in combination. Here we provide an overview of approved and emerging antitumor immune therapies, focusing on the rich landscape of therapeutic approaches beyond those that block the canonical PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 axes and placing them in the context of the latest understanding of tumor immunology.
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Key Words
- BiTE, bispecific T cell engager
- CAR, chimeric antigen receptor
- CRS, cytokine-release syndrome
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor
- IL, interleukin
- NK, natural killer
- NSCLC, non–small cell lung cancer
- TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
- alloHCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- cancer
- immune therapy
- immunotherapy
- innovation
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan E. Welty
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saar I. Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr Saar I. Gill, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Room 8-101, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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11
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Thelen M, Keller D, Lehmann J, Wennhold K, Weitz H, Bauer E, Gathof B, Brüggemann M, Kotrova M, Quaas A, Mallmann C, Chon SH, Hillmer AM, Bruns C, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Garcia-Marquez MA, Schlößer HA. Immune responses against shared antigens are common in esophago-gastric cancer and can be enhanced using CD40-activated B cells. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005200. [PMID: 36600602 PMCID: PMC9743382 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific immune response is a hallmark of cancer immunotherapy and shared tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are important targets. Recent advances using combined cellular therapy against multiple TAAs renewed the interest in this class of antigens. Our study aims to determine the role of TAAs in esophago-gastric adenocarcinoma (EGA). METHODS RNA expression was assessed by NanoString in tumor samples of 41 treatment-naïve EGA patients. Endogenous T cell and antibody responses against the 10 most relevant TAAs were determined by FluoroSpot and protein-bound bead assays. Digital image analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of TAAs and T-cell abundance. T-cell receptor sequencing, in vitro expansion with autologous CD40-activated B cells (CD40Bs) and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were applied to determine specific expansion, clonality and cytotoxic activity of expanded T cells. RESULTS 68.3% of patients expressed ≥5 TAAs simultaneously with coregulated clusters, which were similar to data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n=505). Endogenous cellular or humoral responses against ≥1 TAA were detectable in 75.0% and 53.7% of patients, respectively. We found a correlation of T-cell abundance and the expression of TAAs and genes related to antigen presentation. TAA-specific T-cell responses were polyclonal, could be induced or enhanced using autologous CD40Bs and were cytotoxic in vitro. Despite the frequent expression of TAAs co-occurrence with immune responses was rare. CONCLUSIONS We identified the most relevant TAAs in EGA for monitoring of clinical trials and as therapeutic targets. Antigen-escape rather than missing immune response should be considered as mechanism underlying immunotherapy resistance of EGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thelen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Diandra Keller
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonas Lehmann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wennhold
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Weitz
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eugen Bauer
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Gathof
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Monika Brüggemann
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michaela Kotrova
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Mallmann
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seung-Hun Chon
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel M Hillmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Alejandra Garcia-Marquez
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Anton Schlößer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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12
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T-Cell-Based Cellular Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma: Current Developments. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174249. [PMID: 36077787 PMCID: PMC9455067 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over the past two decades, there has been significant progress in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Starting with the approval of bortezomib and lenalidomide, followed by newer agents in the same classes, monoclonal antibodies, and most recently idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel, which are genetically engineered autologous T-cell-based therapies, our view of this disease has changed from incurable to controllable and potentially curable. In addition to multiple myeloma and B-cell lymphomas, T-cell-based therapies are also actively investigated in various types of hematological and non-hematological malignancies and are considered one of the most impactful evolutions in cancer therapeutics. This review aims to summarize existing data regarding the efficacy, toxicity, and management of unique adverse events in T-cell-based therapies that are both clinically available and under investigation. We will also address undergoing efforts to improve the survival outcomes of multiple myeloma patients through this treatment modality. Abstract T-cell-based cellular therapy was first approved in lymphoid malignancies (B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and large B-cell lymphoma) and expanding its investigation and application both in hematological and non-hematological malignancies. Two anti-BCMA (B cell maturation antigen) CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell therapies have been recently approved for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma with excellent efficacy even in the heavily pre-treated patient population. This new therapeutic approach significantly changes our practice; however, there is still room for further investigation to optimize antigen receptor engineering, cell harvest/selection, treatment sequence, etc. They are also associated with unique adverse events, especially CRS (cytokine release syndrome) and ICANS (immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome), which are not seen with other anti-myeloma therapies and require expertise for management and prevention. Other T-cell based therapies such as TCR (T Cell Receptor) engineered T-cells and non-genetically engineered adoptive T-cell transfers (Vγ9 Vδ2 T-cells and Marrow infiltrating lymphocytes) are also actively studied and worth attention. They can potentially overcome therapeutic challenges after the failure of CAR T-cell therapy through different mechanisms of action. This review aims to provide readers clinical data of T-cell-based therapies for multiple myeloma, management of unique toxicities and ongoing investigation in both clinical and pre-clinical settings.
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Hoyos V, Vasileiou S, Kuvalekar M, Watanabe A, Tzannou I, Velazquez Y, French-Kim M, Leung W, Lulla S, Robertson C, Foreman C, Wang T, Bulsara S, Lapteva N, Grilley B, Ellis M, Osborne CK, Coscio A, Nangia J, Heslop HE, Rooney CM, Vera JF, Lulla P, Rimawi M, Leen AM. Multi-antigen-targeted T-cell therapy to treat patients with relapsed/refractory breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221107113. [PMID: 35860837 PMCID: PMC9290161 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221107113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Adoptively transferred, ex vivo expanded multi-antigen-targeted T cells (multiTAA-T) represent a new, potentially effective, and nontoxic therapeutic approach for patients with breast cancer (BC). In this first-in-human trial, we investigated the safety and clinical effects of administering multiTAA T cells targeting the tumor-expressed antigens, Survivin, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A4, SSX2, and PRAME, to patients with relapsed/refractory/metastatic BC. Materials and methods MultiTAA T-cell products were generated from the peripheral blood of heavily pre-treated patients with metastatic or locally recurrent unresectable BC of all subtypes and infused at a fixed dose level of 2 × 107/m2. Patients received two infusions of cells 4 weeks apart and safety and clinical activity were determined. Cells were administered in an outpatient setting and without prior lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Results All patients had estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor positive BC, with one patient also having human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive. There were no treatment-related toxicities and the infusions were well tolerated. Of the 10 heavily pre-treated patients enrolled and infused with multiTAA T cells, nine had disease progression while one patient with 10 lines of prior therapies experienced prolonged (5 months) disease stabilization that was associated with the in vivo expansion and persistence of T cells directed against the targeted antigens. Furthermore, antigen spreading and the endogenous activation of T cells directed against a spectrum of non-targeted tumor antigens were observed in 7/10 patients post-multiTAA infusion. Conclusion MultiTAA T cells were well tolerated and induced disease stabilization in a patient with refractory BC. This was associated with in vivo T-cell expansion, persistence, and antigen spreading. Future directions of this approach may include additional strategies to enhance the therapeutic benefit of multiTAA T cells in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Hoyos
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Ave, Feigin Center 17th Floor. Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Spyridoula Vasileiou
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manik Kuvalekar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayumi Watanabe
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ifigeneia Tzannou
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yovana Velazquez
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew French-Kim
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wingchi Leung
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suhasini Lulla
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Robertson
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudette Foreman
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaun Bulsara
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natalia Lapteva
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bambi Grilley
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Ellis
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles Kent Osborne
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela Coscio
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julie Nangia
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helen E. Heslop
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cliona M. Rooney
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan F. Vera
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Premal Lulla
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mothaffar Rimawi
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Ann M. Leen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Chen BZ, Zhao ZQ, Shahbazi MA, Guo XD. Microneedle-based technology for cell therapy: current status and future directions. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:715-728. [PMID: 35674378 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00188h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the growing technological innovations in medical treatments, cell-based therapies hold great potential as efficient tools against various previously incurable diseases by restoring or altering the function of certain sets of cells. Along this line, an essential factor to determine the success of cell therapy is the choice of cell delivery strategy. In recent years, a novel trend is blooming in the application of microneedle systems, which are based on the miniaturization of multiple needles within a patch to the micrometer dimensions, aimed at the delivery of therapeutic cells to the target site with high efficiency and in a minimally invasive manner. This review aims to demonstrate the advantages of exploiting microneedle-based technology as a new tool for cell therapy. The advancements of microneedle-based strategies for cell delivery are summarized in terms of two categories: cell-free and cell-loaded microneedle systems. The majority of research on microneedle-based cell therapy has shown promising results for tissue regeneration, cancer immunotherapy, skin immune monitoring and targeted cell delivery. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives toward the development and application of microneedles for cell therapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10029, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ze Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10029, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56184 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10029, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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15
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The generation and application of antigen-specific T cell therapies for cancer and viral-associated disease. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2130-2152. [PMID: 35149193 PMCID: PMC9171249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with antigen-specific T cells is a promising, targeted therapeutic option for patients with cancer as well as for immunocompromised patients with virus infections. In this review, we characterize and compare current manufacturing protocols for the generation of T cells specific to viral and non-viral tumor-associated antigens. Specifically, we discuss: (1) the different methodologies to expand virus-specific T cell and non-viral tumor-associated antigen-specific T cell products, (2) an overview of the immunological principles involved when developing such manufacturing protocols, and (3) proposed standardized methodologies for the generation of polyclonal, polyfunctional antigen-specific T cells irrespective of donor source. Ex vivo expanded cells have been safely administered to treat numerous patients with virus-associated malignancies, hematologic malignancies, and solid tumors. Hence, we have performed a comprehensive review of the clinical trial results evaluating the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of these products in the clinic. In summary, this review seeks to provide new insights regarding antigen-specific T cell technology to benefit a rapidly expanding T cell therapy field.
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16
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Shafer P, Kelly LM, Hoyos V. Cancer Therapy With TCR-Engineered T Cells: Current Strategies, Challenges, and Prospects. Front Immunol 2022; 13:835762. [PMID: 35309357 PMCID: PMC8928448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To redirect T cells against tumor cells, T cells can be engineered ex vivo to express cancer-antigen specific T cell receptors (TCRs), generating products known as TCR-engineered T cells (TCR T). Unlike chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), TCRs recognize HLA-presented peptides derived from proteins of all cellular compartments. The use of TCR T cells for adoptive cellular therapies (ACT) has gained increased attention, especially as efforts to treat solid cancers with ACTs have intensified. In this review, we describe the differing mechanisms of T cell antigen recognition and signal transduction mediated through CARs and TCRs. We describe the classes of cancer antigens recognized by current TCR T therapies and discuss both classical and emerging pre-clinical strategies for antigen-specific TCR discovery, enhancement, and validation. Finally, we review the current landscape of clinical trials for TCR T therapy and discuss what these current results indicate for the development of future engineered TCR approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Shafer
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lauren M. Kelly
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Cancer & Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Valentina Hoyos
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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17
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Dave H, Terpilowski M, Mai M, Toner K, Grant M, Stanojevic M, Lazarski C, Shibli A, Bien SA, Maglo P, Hoq F, Schore R, Glenn M, Hu B, Hanley PJ, Ambinder R, Bollard CM. Tumor-associated antigen-specific T cells with nivolumab are safe and persist in vivo in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood Adv 2022; 6:473-485. [PMID: 34495306 PMCID: PMC8791594 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) Reed Sternberg cells express tumor-associated antigens (TAA) that are potential targets for cellular therapies. We recently demonstrated that TAA-specific T cells (TAA-Ts) targeting WT1, PRAME, and Survivin were safe and associated with prolonged time to progression in solid tumors. Hence, we evaluated whether TAA-Ts when given alone or with nivolumab were safe and could elicit antitumor effects in vivo in patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) HL. Ten patients were infused with TAA-Ts (8 autologous and 2 allogeneic) for active HL (n = 8) or as adjuvant therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (n = 2). Six patients received nivolumab priming before TAA-Ts and continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All 10 products recognized 1 or more TAAs and were polyfunctional. Patients were monitored for safety for 6 weeks after the TAA-Ts and for response until disease progression. The infusions were safe with no clear dose-limiting toxicities. Patients receiving TAA-Ts as adjuvant therapy remain in continued remission at 3+ years. Of the 8 patients with active disease, 1 patient had a complete response and 7 had stable disease at 3 months, 3 of whom remain with stable disease at 1 year. Antigen spreading and long-term persistence of TAA-Ts in vivo were observed in responding patients. Nivolumab priming impacted TAA-T recognition and persistence. In conclusion, treatment of patients with r/r HL with TAA-Ts alone or in combination with nivolumab was safe and produced promising results. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT022039303 and #NCT03843294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Dave
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Madeline Terpilowski
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Mimi Mai
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Keri Toner
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Melanie Grant
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Maja Stanojevic
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Christopher Lazarski
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Abeer Shibli
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Philip Maglo
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Fahmida Hoq
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Reuven Schore
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Martha Glenn
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute/University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and
| | - Boyu Hu
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute/University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and
| | - Patrick J. Hanley
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | | | - Catherine M. Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics, George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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18
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Raskin S, Van Pelt S, Toner K, Balakrishnan PB, Dave H, Bollard CM, Yvon E. Novel TCR-like CAR-T cells targeting an HLA∗0201-restricted SSX2 epitope display strong activity against acute myeloid leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 23:296-306. [PMID: 34729377 PMCID: PMC8526777 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The synovial sarcoma X breakpoint 2 (SSX2) belongs to a multigene family of cancer-testis antigens and can be found overexpressed in multiple malignancies. Its restricted expression in immune-privileged normal tissues suggest that SSX2 may be a relevant target antigen for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy. We have developed a T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody (Fab/3) that binds SSX2 peptide 41-49 (KASEKIFYV) in the context of HLA-A∗-0201. The sequence of Fab/3 was utilized to engineer a CAR with the CD3 zeta intra-cellular domain along with either a CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory endodomain. Human T cells from HLA-A2+ donors were transduced to mediate anti-tumor activity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tumor cells. Upon challenge with HLA-A2+/SSX2+ AML tumor cells, CAR-expressing T cells released interferon-γ and eliminated the tumor cells in a long-term co-culture assay. Using the HLA-A2+ T2 cell line, we demonstrated a strong specificity of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) for SSX2 p41-49 and the closely related SSX3 p41-49, with no response against the others SSX-homologous peptides or unrelated homologous peptides. Since SSX3 has not been observed in tumor cells and expression cannot be induced by pharmacological intervention, SSX241-49 represents an attractive target for CAR-based cellular therapy to treat multiple types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Raskin
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Stacey Van Pelt
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Keri Toner
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | - Hema Dave
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Eric Yvon
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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19
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Abstract
Advances in understanding the ways in which the immune system fails to control tumor growth or prevent autoimmunity have led to the development of powerful therapeutic strategies to treat these diseases. In contrast to conventional therapies that have a broadly suppressive effect, immunotherapies are more akin to targeted therapies because they are mechanistically driven and are typically developed with the goal of "drugging" a specific underlying pathway or phenotype. This means that their effects and toxicities are, at least in theory, more straightforward to anticipate. The development of functionalized antibodies, genetically engineered T cells, and immune checkpoint inhibitors continues to accelerate, illuminating new biology and bringing new treatment to patients. In the following sections, we provide an overview of immunotherapeutic concepts, highlight recent advances in the field of immunotherapies, and discuss controversies and future directions, particularly as these pertain to hematologic oncology or blood-related diseases. We conclude by illustrating how original research published in this journal fits into and contributes to the overall framework of advances in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Lesch
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; and
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Saar Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; and
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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20
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Multipeptide stimulated PBMCs generate T EM/T CM for adoptive cell therapy in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2051-2067. [PMID: 34611479 PMCID: PMC8487724 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients suffer disease relapse due to the development of therapeutic resistance. Increasing evidence suggests that immunotherapeutic strategies can provide durable responses. Here we evaluate the possibility of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) by generating ex vivo T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from MM patients by employing our previously devised protocols. We designed peptides from antigens (Ags) including cancer testis antigens (CTAs) that are over expressed in MM. We exposed PBMCs from different healthy donors (HDs) to single peptides. We observed reproducible Ag-specific cluster of differentiation 4+ (CD4+) and CD8+ T cell responses on exposure of PBMCs to different single peptide sequences. These peptide sequences were used to compile four different peptide cocktails. Naïve T cells from PBMCs from MM patients or HDs recognized the cognate Ag in all four peptide cocktails, leading to generation of multiclonal Ag-specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector and central memory T (TEM and TCM, respectively) cells which produced interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), granzyme B and perforin on secondary restimulation. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that immune cells from MM patients are capable of switching metabolic programs to induce effector and memory responses. Multiple peptides and cocktails were identified that induce IFN-γ+, T1-type, metabolically active T cells, thereby paving the way for feasibility testing of ACT in phase I clinical trials.
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21
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Koukoulias K, Papadopoulou A, Kouimtzidis A, Papayanni PG, Papaloizou A, Sotiropoulos D, Yiangou M, Costeas P, Anagnostopoulos A, Yannaki E, Kaloyannidis P. Non-transplantable cord blood units as a source for adoptive immunotherapy of leukaemia and a paradigm of circular economy in medicine. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:158-167. [PMID: 34036576 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in immunotherapy with T cells armed with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-Ts), opened up new horizons for the treatment of B-cell lymphoid malignancies. However, the lack of appropriate targetable antigens on the malignant myeloid cell deprives patients with refractory acute myeloid leukaemia of effective CAR-T therapies. Although non-engineered T cells targeting multiple leukaemia-associated antigens [i.e. leukaemia-specific T cells (Leuk-STs)] represent an alternative approach, the prerequisite challenge to obtain high numbers of dendritic cells (DCs) for large-scale Leuk-ST generation, limits their clinical implementation. We explored the feasibility of generating bivalent-Leuk-STs directed against Wilms tumour 1 (WT1) and preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) from umbilical cord blood units (UCBUs) disqualified for allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. By repurposing non-transplantable UCBUs and optimising culture conditions, we consistently produced at clinical scale, both cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ cell-derived myeloid DCs and subsequently polyclonal bivalent-Leuk-STs. Those bivalent-Leuk-STs contained CD8+ and CD4+ T cell subsets predominantly of effector memory phenotype and presented high specificity and cytotoxicity against both WT1 and PRAME. In the present study, we provide a paradigm of circular economy by repurposing unusable UCBUs and a platform for future banking of Leuk-STs, as a 'third-party', 'off-the-shelf' T-cell product for the treatment of acute leukaemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiriakos Koukoulias
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Papadopoulou
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Kouimtzidis
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Penelope-Georgia Papayanni
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Damianos Sotiropoulos
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Minas Yiangou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Achilles Anagnostopoulos
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Yannaki
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-HCT Unit, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayotis Kaloyannidis
- Adult Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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22
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MAGEA4 Coated Extracellular Vesicles Are Stable and Can Be Assembled In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105208. [PMID: 34069064 PMCID: PMC8155938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are valued candidates for the development of new tools for medical applications. Vesicles carrying melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGEA) proteins, a subfamily of cancer-testis antigens, are particularly promising tools in the fight against cancer. Here, we have studied the biophysical and chemical properties of MAGEA4-EVs and show that they are stable under common storage conditions such as keeping at +4 °C and -80 °C for at least 3 weeks after purification. The MAGEA4-EVs can be freeze-thawed two times without losing MAGEA4 in detectable quantities. The attachment of MAGEA4 to the surface of EVs cannot be disrupted by high salt concentrations or chelators, but the vesicles are sensitive to high pH. The MAGEA4 protein can bind to the surface of EVs in vitro, using robust passive incubation. In addition, EVs can be loaded with recombinant proteins fused to the MAGEA4 open reading frame within the cells and also in vitro. The high stability of MAGEA4-EVs ensures their potential for the development of EV-based anti-cancer applications.
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23
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Clinical effects of administering leukemia-specific donor T cells to patients with AML/MDS after allogeneic transplant. Blood 2021; 137:2585-2597. [PMID: 33270816 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is the leading cause of death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Infusion of unselected donor lymphocytes (DLIs) enhances the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. However, because the infused lymphocytes are not selected for leukemia specificity, the GVL effect is often accompanied by life-threatening graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), related to the concurrent transfer of alloreactive lymphocytes. Thus, to minimize GVHD and maximize GVL, we selectively activated and expanded stem cell donor-derived T cells reactive to multiple antigens expressed by AML/MDS cells (PRAME, WT1, Survivin, and NY-ESO-1). Products that demonstrated leukemia antigen specificity were generated from 29 HCT donors. In contrast to DLIs, leukemia-specific T cells (mLSTs) selectively recognized and killed leukemia antigen-pulsed cells, with no activity against recipient's normal cells in vitro. We administered escalating doses of mLSTs (0.5 to 10 × 107 cells per square meter) to 25 trial enrollees, 17 with high risk of relapse and 8 with relapsed disease. Infusions were well tolerated with no grade >2 acute or extensive chronic GVHD seen. We observed antileukemia effects in vivo that translated into not-yet-reached median leukemia-free and overall survival at 1.9 years of follow-up and objective responses in the active disease cohort (1 complete response and 1 partial response). In summary, mLSTs are safe and promising for the prevention and treatment of AML/MDS after HCT. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.com as #NCT02494167.
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24
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Hossain NM, Stiff PJ. Expanding the Toolbox of Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:1479-1482. [PMID: 33764792 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nasheed M Hossain
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Patrick J Stiff
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
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25
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Suarez L, Wang R, Carmer S, Bednarik D, Myint H, Jones K, Oelke M. AIM Platform: A Novel Nano Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cell-Based Clinical System Designed to Consistently Produce Multi-Antigen-Specific T-Cell Products with Potent and Durable Anti-Tumor Properties. Transfus Med Hemother 2021; 47:464-471. [PMID: 33442341 DOI: 10.1159/000512788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in the field of adoptive cell therapy. The two prevailing modalities include endogenous non-engineered approaches and genetically engineered T-cell approaches. Endogenous non-engineered approaches include dendritic cell-based systems and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) that are used to produce multi-antigen-specific T-cell products. Genetically engineered approaches, such as T-cell receptor engineered cells and chimeric antigen receptor T cells are used to produce single antigen-specific T-cell products. It is noted by the authors that there are alternative methods to sort for antigen-specific T cells such as peptide multimer sorting or cytokine secretion assay-based sorting, both of which are potentially challenging for broad development and commercialization. In this review, we are focusing on a novel nanoparticle technology that generates a non-engineered product from the endogenous T-cell repertoire. The most common approaches for ex vivo activation and expansion of endogenous, non-genetically engineered cell therapy products rely on dendritic cell-based systems or IL-2 expanded TIL. Hurdles remain in developing efficient, consistent, controlled processes; thus, these processes still have limited access to broad patient populations. Here, we describe a novel approach to produce cellular therapies at clinical scale, using proprietary nanoparticles combined with a proprietary manufacturing process to enrich and expand antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell products with consistent purity, identity, and composition required for effective and durable anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Han Myint
- NexImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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26
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Rafia C, Harly C, Scotet E. Beyond CAR T cells: Engineered Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to fight solid tumors. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:117-133. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chirine Rafia
- INSERMCNRSCRCINAUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology” Nantes France
- ImCheck Therapeutics Marseille France
| | - Christelle Harly
- INSERMCNRSCRCINAUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology” Nantes France
| | - Emmanuel Scotet
- INSERMCNRSCRCINAUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology” Nantes France
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27
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Crunkhorn S. Multi-antigen-specific T cell therapy for multiple myeloma. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:588. [PMID: 32753720 DOI: 10.1038/d41573-020-00138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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