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Liu X, Xia X, Liu Y, Li Z, Shi T, Zhang H, Dong Q. Recent advances on the formation, detection, resistance mechanism, and control technology of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm in food industry. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114067. [PMID: 38395584 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis, a severe and fatal condition. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms nested within a self-secreted extracellular polymeric substance, and they protect L. monocytogenes from environmental stresses. Biofilms, once formed, can lead to the persistence of L. monocytogenes in processing equipment and are therefore considered to be a major concern for the food industry. This paper briefly introduces the recent advancements on biofilm formation characteristics and detection methods, and focuses on analysis of the mechanism of L. monocytogenes biofilm resistance; Moreover, this paper also summarizes and discusses the existing different techniques of L. monocytogenes biofilm control according to the physical, chemical, biological, and combined strategies, to provide a theoretical reference to aid the choice of effective control technology in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Xuejuan Xia
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yangtai Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Zhuosi Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Tianqi Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
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2
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Olsen JE, Frees D, Kyvsgaard NC, Barco L. Lack of correlation between growth, stress, and virulence phenotypes in strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium DT104, S. 4,12, b:- and S. Liverpool. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae015. [PMID: 38366187 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Strains of Salmonella Enteritidis (SEnt, n = 10) and S. Typhimurium (STm, n = 11), representing clones with high impact on human health, and strains of S. 4,12: b:- (S412B n = 11) and S. Liverpool (SLiv, n = 4), representing clones with minor impact on human health were characterized for 16 growth, stress, and virulence phenotypes to investigate whether systematic differences exist in their performance in these phenotypes and whether there was correlation between performance in different phenotypes. The term serotype was not found to be predictive of a certain type of performance in any phenotype, and surprisingly, on average, strains of SEnt and STm were not significantly better in adhering to and invading cultured intestinal cells than the less pathogenic types. Forest analysis identified desiccation tolerance and the ability to grow at 42°C with high salt as the characters that separated serovars with low human health impact (S412B/SLiv) from serovars with high human health impact (SEnt/STm). The study showed that variation in phenotypes was high even within serovars and correlation between phenotypes was low, i.e. the way that a strain performed phenotypically in one of the tested conditions had a low predictive value for the performance of the strain in other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Elmerdahl Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark
| | - Dorte Frees
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark
| | - Niels Christian Kyvsgaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark
| | - Lisa Barco
- WOAH, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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3
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Esposito MM, Turku S. The Use of Natural Methods to Control Foodborne Biofilms. Pathogens 2022; 12. [PMID: 36678393 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are large aggregates of various species of bacteria or other microorganisms tightly attached to surfaces through an intricate extracellular matrix. These complex microbial communities present quite the challenge in the food processing industry, as conditions such as raw meats and diverse food product content in contact with workers, drains, machinery, and ventilation systems, make for prime circumstances for contamination. Adding to the challenge is the highly resistant nature of these biofilm growths and the need to keep in mind that any antimicrobials utilized in these situations risk health implications with human consumption of the products that are being processed in these locations. For that reason, the ideal means of sanitizing areas of foodborne biofilms would be natural means. Herein, we review a series of innovative natural methods of targeting foodborne biofilms, including bacteriocins, bacteriophages, fungi, phytochemicals, plant extracts, essential oils, gaseous and aqueous control, photocatalysis, enzymatic treatments, and ultrasound mechanisms.
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4
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Xu T, Xiao Y, Wang H, Zhu J, Lee Y, Zhao J, Lu W, Zhang H. Characterization of Mixed-Species Biofilms Formed by Four Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122332. [PMID: 36557585 PMCID: PMC9781930 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In natural settings, approximately 40-80% of bacteria exist as biofilms, most of which are mixed-species biofilms. Previous studies have typically focused on single- or dual-species biofilms. To expand the field of study on gut biofilms, we found a group of gut microbiota that can form biofilms well in vitro: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacteroides ovatus, and Lactobacillus gasseri. The increase in biomass and bio-volume of the mixed-species biofilm was confirmed via crystal violet staining, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy, revealing a strong synergistic relationship in these communities, with B. longum being the key biofilm-contributing species. This interaction may be related to changes in the cell number, biofilm-related genes, and metabolic activities. After quantifying the cell number using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, B. longum and L. gasseri were found to be the dominant flora in the mixed-species biofilm. In addition, this study analyzed biological properties of mixed-species biofilms, such as antibiotic resistance, cell metabolic activity, and concentration of water-insoluble polysaccharides. Compared with single-species biofilms, mixed-species biofilms had higher metabolic activity, more extracellular matrix, and greater antibiotic resistance. From these results, we can see that the formation of biofilms is a self-protection mechanism of gut microbiota, and the formation of mixed-species biofilms can greatly improve the survival rate of different strains. Finally, this study is a preliminary exploration of the biological characteristics of gut biofilms, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of biofilms warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuankun Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-510-8591-2155
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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5
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Yan P, Chelliah R, Jo KH, Selvakumar V, Chen X, Jo HY, Oh DH. Stability and Antibiofilm Efficiency of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water Against Mixed-Species of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865918. [PMID: 35633663 PMCID: PMC9135065 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the natural environment, most microorganisms live in mixed-species biofilms, in which the metabolism and growth of organisms are different from that in single-species biofilms. Adhesive bacteria and their biofilms on the surface of food processing equipment are the sources of cross-contamination, leading to the risk for humans. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) has been proposed as a novel sanitizer in the food and agriculture industry. In this study, we investigated the changes in the physical properties of SAEW under different conditions and the disinfection abilities of SAEW against spore-forming and non-spore-forming pathogens. Furthermore, we examined the disinfection abilities of SAEW after 12 months of shelf life on a mixed-species biofilm of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that SAEW at 30 and 50 ppm achieved all-kill of the spore-forming pathogen Bacillus cereus within 30 s. Changes in the ACC and pH of the produced SAEW were generally affected by the storage conditions. Both spore-forming and non-spore-forming pathogens were not detected under treatment with 50 ppm SAEW for 5 min under HDPE-closed conditions throughout the whole storage period. Moreover, 25 mg/L SAEW can inactivate L. monocytogenes Scott A and S. aureus biofilm cells in ~2.45 and 2.57 log CFU/mL in biofilms within 5-min treatment. However, the decline of the two bacteria in the mixed-species biofilm was 1.95 and 1.43 log CFU/mL, respectively. The changes in the cell membrane permeability of the mixed-species biofilm under treatment with SAEW were observed by using atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. L. monocytogenes Scott A was more sensitive to SAEW in the mixed-species biofilm cells. These findings exhibited strong antibiofilm activities of SAEW in impairing biofilm cell membranes, decreasing cell density, and eliminating biofilm, which suggest that SAEW is an excellent antibacterial agent in the food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Yan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,SeouLin Bioscience Company and Limited, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology (KIIT), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Saveetha School of Engineering, (SIMATS) University, Sriperumbudur, India
| | - Kyoung-Hee Jo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,SeouLin Bioscience Company and Limited, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Vijayalakshmi Selvakumar
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Xiuqin Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Yeong Jo
- SeouLin Bioscience Company and Limited, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Deog Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,SeouLin Bioscience Company and Limited, Seongnam-si, South Korea
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6
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Butucel E, Balta I, Ahmadi M, Dumitrescu G, Morariu F, Pet I, Stef L, Corcionivoschi N. Biocides as Biomedicines against Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020379. [PMID: 35203588 PMCID: PMC8962343 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocides are currently considered the first line of defense against foodborne pathogens in hospitals or food processing facilities due to the versatility and efficiency of their chemical active ingredients. Understanding the biological mechanisms responsible for their increased efficiency, especially when used against foodborne pathogens on contaminated surfaces and materials, represents an essential first step in the implementation of efficient strategies for disinfection as choosing an unsuitable product can lead to antibiocide resistance or antibiotic–biocide cross-resistance. This review describes these biological mechanisms for the most common foodborne pathogens and focuses mainly on the antipathogen effect, highlighting the latest developments based on in vitro and in vivo studies. We focus on biocides with inhibitory effects against foodborne bacteria (e.g., Escherichia spp., Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp.), aiming to understand their biological mechanisms of action by looking at the most recent scientific evidence in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Butucel
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (E.B.); (I.B.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Igori Balta
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (E.B.); (I.B.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mirela Ahmadi
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Gabi Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Florica Morariu
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Ioan Pet
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
| | - Lavinia Stef
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (E.B.); (I.B.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, Banat University of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine—King Michael I of Romania, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (M.A.); (G.D.); (F.M.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (N.C.)
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7
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Tan L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Peng Z, He T, Liu Y, Zeng Q, Wang JJ. Potent eradication of mixed-species biofilms using photodynamic inactivation coupled with slightly alkaline electrolyzed water. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Cai S, Snyder AB. Thermoresistance in Black Yeasts Is Associated with Halosensitivity and High Pressure Processing Tolerance but Not with UV Tolerance or Sanitizer Tolerance. J Food Prot 2022; 85:203-212. [PMID: 34614188 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Black yeasts can survive extreme conditions in food production because of their polyextremotolerant character. However, significant strain-to-strain variation in black yeast thermoresistance has been observed. In this study, we assessed the variability in tolerance to nonthermal interventions among a collection of food-related black yeast strains. Variation in tolerance to UV light treatment, high pressure processing (HPP), sanitizers, and osmotic pressure was observed within each species. The two strains previously shown to possess high thermotolerance, Exophiala phaeomuriformis FSL-E2-0572 and Exophiala dermatitidis YB-734, were also the most HPP tolerant but were the least halotolerant. Meanwhile, Aureobasidium pullulans FSL-E2-0290 was the most UV and sanitizer tolerant but had been shown to have relatively low thermoresistance. Fisher's exact tests showed that thermoresistance in black yeasts was associated with HPP tolerance and inversely with halotolerance, but no association was found with UV tolerance or sanitizer tolerance. Collectively, the relative stress tolerance among strains varied across interventions. Given this variation, different food products are susceptible to black yeast spoilage. In addition, different strains should be selected in challenge studies specific to the intervention. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Cai
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Abigail B Snyder
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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9
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Pacheappan GD, Samsudin NIP, Hasan H. The effects of different disinfectants and application conditions on microbial contaminants at dairy processing line. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganga Dewi Pacheappan
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Hanan Hasan
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research Halal Products Research Institute Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
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10
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Li Q, Liu L, Guo A, Zhang X, Liu W, Ruan Y. Formation of Multispecies Biofilms and Their Resistance to Disinfectants in Food Processing Environments: A Review. J Food Prot 2021; 84:2071-2083. [PMID: 34324690 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In food processing environments, various microorganisms can adhere and aggregate on the surface of equipment, resulting in the formation of multispecies biofilms. Complex interactions among microorganisms may affect the formation of multispecies biofilms and resistance to disinfectants, which are food safety and quality concerns. This article reviews the various interactions among microorganisms in multispecies biofilms, including competitive, cooperative, and neutral interactions. Then, the preliminary mechanisms underlying the formation of multispecies biofilms are discussed in relation to factors, such as quorum-sensing signal molecules, extracellular polymeric substances, and biofilm-regulated genes. Finally, the resistance mechanisms of common contaminating microorganisms to disinfectants in food processing environments are also summarized. This review is expected to facilitate a better understanding of interspecies interactions and provide some implications for the control of multispecies biofilms in food processing. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailing Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China.,National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinshuai Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wukang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Ruan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
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11
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Abreu ACDS, Crippa BL, Souza VVMAD, Nuñez KVM, Almeida JMD, Rodrigues MX, Silva NCC. Assessment of sanitiser efficacy against Staphylococcus spp. isolated from Minas Frescal cheese producers in São Paulo, Brazil. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Wan Y, Wang X, Zhang P, Zhang M, Kou M, Shi C, Peng X, Wang X. Control of Foodborne Staphylococcus aureus by Shikonin, a Natural Extract. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122954. [PMID: 34945505 PMCID: PMC8700560 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has attracted widespread attention due to its foodborne infection and food poisoning in human. Shikonin exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of microorganisms, but there are few studies on its antibacterial activity against S. aureus. This study aims to explore the antibacterial activity and mechanism of shikonin against foodborne S. aureus. The results show that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of shikonin were equal for all tested strains ranging from 35 μg/mL to 70 μg/mL. Shikonin inhibited the growth of S. aureus by reducing intracellular ATP concentrations, hyperpolarizing cell membrane, destroying the integrity of cell membrane, and changing cell morphology. At the non-inhibitory concentrations (NICs), shikonin significantly inhibited biofilm formation of S. aureus, which was attributed to inhibiting the expression of cidA and sarA genes. Moreover, shikonin also markedly inhibited the transcription and expression of virulence genes (sea and hla) in S. aureus. In addition, shikonin has exhibited antibacterial ability against both planktonic and biofilm forms of S. aureus. Importantly, in vivo results show that shikonin has excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, both the heat stability of shikonin and the antimicrobial activity of shikonin against S. aureus were excellent in food. Our findings suggest that shikonin are promising for use as a natural food additive, and it also has great potential in effectively controlling the contamination of S. aureus in food and reducing the number of illnesses associated with S. aureus.
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13
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Li S, Duan W, Lei Y, Wang Z, Fu C, He L, Shen Z, Li M, Chen Y, Huang Y. Effects of lipid emulsions on the formation of Escherichia coli-Candida albicans mixed-species biofilms on PVC. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16929. [PMID: 34413406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving lipid emulsions are at increased risk of contracting catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in the clinic. More than 15% of CRBSIs are polymicrobial. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of lipid emulsions on the formation of Escherichia coli (E. coli)–Candida albicans (C. albicans) mixed-species biofilms (BFs) on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surfaces and the underlying mechanism. Mixed-species BFs were produced by coculturing E. coli and C. albicans with PVC in various concentrations of lipid emulsions. Crystal violet staining and XTT assays were performed to test the mixed-species BF biomass and the viability of microbes in the BFs. The microstructures of the BFs were observed by an approach that combined confocal laser scanning microscopy, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and scanning electron microscopy. The study found that lipid emulsions could promote the formation of E. coli–C. albicans mixed-species BFs, especially with 10% lipid emulsions. The mechanism by which lipid emulsions promote mixed-species BF formation may involve significant upregulation of the expression of the flhDC, iha, HTA1, and HWP1 genes, which are associated with bacterial motility, adhesion, and BF formation. The results derived from this study necessitate strict aseptic precautions when handling lipid emulsions and avoiding the use of high concentrations of lipid emulsions for as long as possible.
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14
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Detusheva EV, Ershova ON, Fursova NK. The sensitivity of planktonic cultures and biofilms of gram-negative bacteria to commercial disinfectant and antiseptic preparations. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:438-447. [PMID: 34292687 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-7-438-447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro antibacterial activity of 11 commercial disinfectant preparations and 8 antiseptics against 10 strains of the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloaceae and Providencia stuartii obtained from international collections and isolated from neuroresuscitation patients in Moscow in 2018 was studied. The sensitivity of planktonic cultures to the preparations was determined by the method of serial dilutions in broth and the spot method on solid nutrient media, the sensitivity of biofilms by the applicator method. A general pattern was revealed: the level of sensitivity to tested disinfectants in clinical strains was lower than in reference strains. It was found that the disinfectants «Mikrobak-Forte», «SAT-22», «Neobak-Oksi» at the concentrations recommended by the manufacturers were effective against bacteria of all test strains, both in the plankton state and in the form of biofilms. On the contrary, the disinfectant preparations «Biodez-Optima», «Biodez-Extra DVU», «Novodez-Aktiv», «Triosept-Oksi», «Tristel Fusion for Surfaces», «Effect-Forte Plus», «Lactic-Oxy» did not have sufficient effectiveness in the concentrations recommended by the manufacturers, therefore it is proposed to use these drugs in higher concentrations. It was found that the disinfectant «Biodez-Extra DVU» is able to inhibit the growth of biofilms of bacteria of the species K. pneumoniae. The ability to suppress the growth of bacterial biofilms of K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa was revealed for the «Triestel Fusion for surfaces disinfectant». The bacteria of all used test strains in the planktonic state were sensitive to all tested antiseptic preparations. However, the biofilms of the clinical strains of P. aeruginosa and P. stuartii. possessed resistance to the antiseptics «Octenidol», «Octenisept», «Miramistin», «Hexoral». Our studies indicate the need for sensitivity analysis of antibacterial drugs in representatives of hospital pathogens, including the modeling of bacterial biofilms, which is a very relevant and important scientific direction, necessary to improve the control of nosocomial infections in the Russian Federation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N K Fursova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
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15
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Parlindungan E, Lugli GA, Ventura M, van Sinderen D, Mahony J. Lactic Acid Bacteria Diversity and Characterization of Probiotic Candidates in Fermented Meats. Foods 2021; 10:1519. [PMID: 34359389 PMCID: PMC8305854 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains have been classified as probiotics and fermented foods are an excellent source of such LAB. In this study, novel probiotic candidates from two fermented meats (pancetta and prosciutto) were isolated and characterized. LAB populations present in pancetta and prosciutto were evaluated and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was found to be the dominant species. The antagonistic ability of selected isolates against LAB and non-LAB strains was investigated, in particular, the ability to produce anti-microbial compounds including organic acids and bacteriocins. Probiotic characteristics including antibiotic susceptibility, hydrophobicity and autoaggregation capacity; and ability to withstand simulated gastric juice, bile salt, phenol and NaCl were assessed. Among the characterized strains, L. plantarum 41G isolated from prosciutto was identified as the most robust probiotic candidate compared. Results from this study demonstrate that artisanal fermented meat is a rich source of novel strains with probiotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvina Parlindungan
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Gabriele A. Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy; (G.A.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy; (G.A.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Jennifer Mahony
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
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16
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Tan L, Li H, Chen B, Huang J, Li Y, Zheng H, Liu H, Zhao Y, Wang JJ. Dual-species biofilms formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shewanella putrefaciens and their tolerance to photodynamic inactivation. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Lee SH, Fröhling A, Schlüter O, Corassin CH, De Martinis EC, Alves VF, Pimentel TC, Oliveira CA. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma inactivation of dairy associated planktonic cells of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Haddad S, Elliot M, Savard T, Deschênes L, Smith T, Ells T. Variations in biofilms harbouring Listeria monocytogenes in dual and triplex cultures with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Lactobacillus plantarum produced under a model system of simulated meat processing conditions, and their resistance to benzalkonium chloride. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Sadiq FA, Burmølle M, Heyndrickx M, Flint S, Lu W, Chen W, Zhao J, Zhang H. Community-wide changes reflecting bacterial interspecific interactions in multispecies biofilms. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:338-358. [PMID: 33651958 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1887079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Existence of most bacterial species, in natural, industrial, and clinical settings in the form of surface-adhered communities or biofilms has been well acknowledged for decades. Research predominantly focusses on single-species biofilms as these are relatively easy to study. However, microbiologists are now interested in studying multispecies biofilms and revealing interspecific interactions in these communities because of the existence of a plethora of different bacterial species together in almost all natural settings. Multispecies biofilms-led emergent properties are triggered by bacterial social interactions which have huge implication for research and practical knowledge useful for the control and manipulation of these microbial communities. Here, we discuss some important bacterial interactions that take place in multispecies biofilm communities and provide insights into community-wide changes that indicate bacterial interactions and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Steve Flint
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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20
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El Kadri H, Costello KM, Thomas P, Wantock T, Sandison G, Harle T, Fabris AL, Gutierrez-Merino J, Velliou EG. The antimicrobial efficacy of remote cold atmospheric plasma effluent against single and mixed bacterial biofilms of varying age. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110126. [PMID: 33641993 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a minimal food processing technology of increasing interest in the food industry, as it is mild in nature compared to traditional methods (e.g. pasteurisation) and thus can maintain the food's desirable qualities. However, due to this mild nature, the potential exists for post-treatment microbial survival and/or stress adaptation. Furthermore, biofilm inactivation by CAP is underexplored and mostly studied on specific foods or on plastic/polymer surfaces. Co-culture effects, biofilm age, and innate biofilm-associated resistance could all impact CAP efficacy, while studies on real foods are limited to the food product investigated without accounting for structural complexity. The effect of a Remote and Enclosed CAP device (Fourth State Medicine Ltd) was investigated on Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua grown as planktonic cells and as single or mixed bacterial biofilms of variable age, on a biphasic viscoelastic food model of controlled rheological and structural complexity. Post-CAP viability was assessed by plate counts, cell sublethal injury was quantified using flow cytometry, and biofilms were characterised and assessed using total protein content and microscopy techniques. A greater impact of CAP on planktonic cells was observed at higher air flow rates, where the ReCAP device operates in a mode more favourable to reactive oxygen species than reactive nitrogen species. Although planktonic E. coli was more susceptible to CAP than planktonic L. innocua, the opposite was observed in biofilm form. The efficacy of CAP was reduced with increasing biofilm age. Furthermore, E. coli produced much higher protein content in both single and mixed biofilms than L. innocua. Consequently, greater survival of L. innocua in mixed biofilms was attributed to a protective effect from E. coli. These results show that biofilm susceptibility to CAP is age and bacteria dependent, and that in mixed biofilms bacteria may become less susceptible to CAP. These findings are of significance to the food industry for the development of effective food decontamination methods using CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani El Kadri
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Katherine M Costello
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Phillip Thomas
- Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Thomas Wantock
- Fourth State Medicine Ltd, Longfield, Fernhurst, Haslemere GU27 3HA, UK
| | - Gavin Sandison
- Fourth State Medicine Ltd, Longfield, Fernhurst, Haslemere GU27 3HA, UK
| | - Thomas Harle
- Fourth State Medicine Ltd, Longfield, Fernhurst, Haslemere GU27 3HA, UK
| | | | | | - Eirini G Velliou
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
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21
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Fagerlund A, Langsrud S, Møretrø T. Microbial diversity and ecology of biofilms in food industry environments associated with Listeria monocytogenes persistence. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Cai S, Phinney DM, Heldman DR, Snyder AB. All Treatment Parameters Affect Environmental Surface Sanitation Efficacy, but Their Relative Importance Depends on the Microbial Target. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 87:e01748-20. [PMID: 33097504 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01748-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental sanitation in food manufacturing plants promotes food safety and product microbial quality. However, the development of experimental models remains a challenge due to the complex nature of commercial cleaning processes, which include spraying water and sanitizer on equipment and structural surfaces within manufacturing space. Although simple in execution, the physical driving forces are difficult to simulate in a controlled laboratory environment. Here, we present a bench-scale bioreactor system which mimics the flow conditions in environmental sanitation programs. We applied computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to obtain fluid flow parameters that better approximate and predict industrial outcomes. According to the CFD model, the local wall shear stress achieved on the target surface ranged from 0.015 to 5.00 Pa. Sanitation efficacy on six types of environmental surface materials (hydrophobicity, 57.59 to 88.61°; roughness, 2.2 to 11.9 μm) against two different microbial targets, the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and Exophiala species spoilage fungi, were evaluated using the bench-scale bioreactor system. The relative reduction ranged from 0.0 to 0.82 for Exophiala spp., which corresponded to a 0.0 to 2.21 log CFU/coupon reduction, and the relative reduction ranged from 0.0 to 0.93 in L. monocytogenes which corresponded to a 0.0 to 6.19 log CFU/coupon reduction. Although most treatment parameters were considered statistically significant against either L. monocytogenes or Exophiala spp., contact time was ranked as the most important predictor for L. monocytogenes reduction. Shear stress contributed the most to Exophiala spp. removal on stainless steel and Buna-N rubber, while contact time was the most important factor on HDPE (high-density polyethylene), cement, and epoxy.IMPORTANCE Commercial food manufacturers commonly employ a single sanitation program that addresses both bacterial pathogen and fungal spoilage microbiota, despite the fact that the two microbial targets respond differently to various environmental sanitation conditions. Comparison of outcome-based clusters of treatment combinations may facilitate the development of compensatory sanitation regimes where longer contact time or greater force are applied so that lower sanitizer concentrations can be used. Determination of microbiological outcomes related to sanitation program efficacy against a panel of treatment conditions allows food processors to balance tradeoffs between quality and safety with cost and waste stream management, as appropriate for their facility.
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23
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Duraisamy S, Balakrishnan S, Ranjith S, Husain F, Sathyan A, Peter AS, Prahalathan C, Kumarasamy A. Bacteriocin-a potential antimicrobial peptide towards disrupting and preventing biofilm formation in the clinical and environmental locales. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:44922-44936. [PMID: 33006097 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm, a consortium of microbial cells, protected by extracellular polymeric matrix, is considered a global challenge due to the inherent antibiotic resistance conferred by its lifestyle. Besides, it poses environmental threats causing huge damage in food industries, fisheries, refineries, water systems, pharmaceutical industries, medical industries, etc. Living in a community of microbial populations is most critical in the clinical field, making it responsible for about 80% of severe and chronic microbial diseases. The necessity to find an alternative approach is the need of the hour to solve these crises. So far, many approaches have been attempted to disrupt the initial stage of biofilm formation, including adherence and maturation. Bacteriocins are a group of antimicrobial peptides, produced by bacteria having the potential to disrupt biofilm either by itself or in combination with other drugs than antibiotic counterparts. A clear understanding on mechanisms of bacterial biofilm formation, progression, and resistance will surely lead to the development of innovative, effective biofilm control strategies in pharmaceutical, health care industries and environmental locales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbagam Duraisamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Senthilkumar Balakrishnan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Sukumar Ranjith
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Fazal Husain
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Aswathy Sathyan
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Ansu Susan Peter
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Chidambaram Prahalathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Anbarasu Kumarasamy
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
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24
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Abebe GM. The Role of Bacterial Biofilm in Antibiotic Resistance and Food Contamination. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:1705814. [PMID: 32908520 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1705814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is a microbial association or community attached to different biotic or abiotic surfaces or environments. These surface-attached microbial communities can be found in food, medical, industrial, and natural environments. Biofilm is a critical problem in the medical sector since it is formed on medical implants within human tissue and involved in a multitude of serious chronic infections. Food and food processing surface become an ideal environment for biofilm formation where there are sufficient nutrients for microbial growth and attachment. Therefore, biofilm formation on these surfaces, especially on food processing surface becomes a challenge in food safety and human health. Microorganisms within a biofilm are encased within a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances that can act as a barrier and recalcitrant for different hostile conditions such as sanitizers, antibiotics, and other hygienic conditions. Generally, they persist and exist in food processing environments where they become a source of cross-contamination and foodborne diseases. The other critical issue with biofilm formation is their antibiotic resistance which makes medication difficult, and they use different physical, physiological, and gene-related factors to develop their resistance mechanisms. In order to mitigate their production and develop controlling methods, it is better to understand growth requirements and mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the role of bacterial biofilms in antibiotic resistance and food contamination and emphasizes ways for controlling its production.
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25
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Yuan L, Sadiq FA, Wang N, Yang Z, He G. Recent advances in understanding the control of disinfectant-resistant biofilms by hurdle technology in the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3876-3891. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Faizan A. Sadiq
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ni Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Matereke LT, Okoh AI. Listeria monocytogenes Virulence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Environmental Persistence: A Review. Pathogens 2020; 9:E528. [PMID: 32629911 PMCID: PMC7400505 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen responsible for the well-known listeriosis disease. This bacterium has become a common contaminant of food, threatening the food processing industry. Once consumed, the pathogen is capable of traversing epithelial barriers, cellular invasion, and intracellular replication through the modulation of virulence factors such as internalins and haemolysins. Mobile genetic elements (plasmids and transposons) and other sophisticated mechanisms are thought to contribute to the increasing antimicrobial resistance of L. monocytogenes. The environmental persistence of the pathogen is aided by its ability to withstand environmental stresses such as acidity, cold stress, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. This review seeks to give an insight into L. monocytogenes biology, with emphasis on its virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and adaptations to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavious Tapiwa Matereke
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
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27
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Yuan L, Wang NI, Sadiq FA, He G. Interspecies Interactions in Dual-Species Biofilms Formed by Psychrotrophic Bacteria and the Tolerance of Sessile Communities to Disinfectants. J Food Prot 2020; 83:951-958. [PMID: 32428932 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Biofilms on the surface of food processing equipment act as potential reservoirs of microbial contamination. Bacterial interactions are believed to play key roles in both biofilm formation and antimicrobial tolerance. In this study, Aeromonas hydrophila, Chryseobacterium oncorhynchi, and Pseudomonas libanensis, which were previously isolated from Chinese raw milk samples, were selected to establish two dual-species biofilm models (P. libanensis plus A. hydrophila and P. libanensis plus C. oncorhynchi) on stainless steel at 7°C. Subsequently, three disinfectants, hydrogen peroxide (100 ppm), peracetic acid (100 ppm), and sodium hypochlorite (100 ppm), were used to treat the developed sessile communities for 10 min. Structural changes after exposure to disinfectants were analyzed with confocal laser scanning microscopy. The cell numbers of both A. hydrophila and C. oncorhynchi recovered from surfaces increased when grown as dual species biofilms with P. libanensis. Dual-species biofilms were more tolerant of disinfectants than were each single-species biofilm. Peracetic acid was the most effective disinfectant for removing biofilms, followed by hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite. The results expand the knowledge of mixed-species biofilms formed by psychrotrophic bacteria and will be helpful for developing effective strategies to eliminate bacterial mixed-species biofilms. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, People's Republic of China.,College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - N I Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Faizan A Sadiq
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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28
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Leroy S, Lebert I, Andant C, Talon R. Interaction in dual species biofilms between Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 326:108653. [PMID: 32449679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus xylosus, a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, is frequently isolated from food products of animal origin and used as a starter culture in these products in which it contributes to their flavour, while Staphylococcus aureus, a coagulase-positive bacterium, causes foodborne intoxication and is implicated in a broad diversity of infections in medical sector, notably in nosocomial infections. S. xylosus and S. aureus are both capable of forming a biofilm and share the same ecological niches, thus we explored their interaction in biofilms with a view to limiting the risks associated with S. aureus. Cell-free supernatants of different strains of S. xylosus were able to inhibit the biofilm formation of S. aureus. The S. xylosus C2a strain released into the supernatant a molecule of molecular weight above 30 kDa that is resistant to proteolytic enzymes and inhibits the formation of S. aureus MW2 biofilm, though the mechanism involved has yet to be elucidated. Furthermore, S. xylosus C2a modified the architecture of S. aureus MW2 in co-culture biofilm. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that S. aureus formed a biofilm with a flat and compact structure while in co-culture with S. xylosus the two species formed large juxtaposed aggregates throughout the period of incubation. This architecture made the S. aureus biofilm more susceptible to detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Leroy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Isabelle Lebert
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Andant
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Régine Talon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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29
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Frazilio DA, de Almeida OGG, Niño-Arias FC, De Martinis ECP. Finding a common core microbiota in two Brazilian dairies through culture and DNA metabarcoding studies. J Food Sci Technol 2019; 56:5326-35. [PMID: 31749480 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Dairy foods are complex ecosystems composed of microorganisms from different origins that can affect flavor and safety of final products. The objective of this paper is to assess the in-house microbiota of two Brazilian dairies and to discuss the possible implications of the taxa determined for food protection. In total, 27 samples from dairies were cultured in selective (Baird Parker, de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) and non-selective (Brain Heart Infusion) media, and the isolates were identified by Sanger sequencing. Moreover, metagenomic DNA was directly extracted from samples and the structure of the bacterial community was determined by massive DNA sequencing followed by bioinformatics analyses. The results showed the majority of isolates belonged to the group of lactic acid bacteria, but Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcacceae, Bacillaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Moraxellaceae were also detected. From the reads obtained in metataxonomics analyses, a heatmap was constructed and the top 20 OTUs (operational taxonomic units) were determined. Besides, 12 most prevalent bacterial taxa were assigned to the core microbiota of the dairies evaluated, which included Thiomonas thermosulfata, Alkalibacillus salilacus, Pseudomonas clemancea, Erythrobacter aquimans, Tetragenococcus doogicus, Macrococcus brunensis, Pseudomonas ludensis, Streptococcus dentinousetti, Serratia entomophila, Vagococcus teuberi, Lactococcus fujiensis and Tolumonas auensis. In conclusion, the results reveal the presence of bacteria that may be related to spoilage and also foodborne diseases, in microbial niches that also present rare taxa, highlighting the importance to consider culture-independent results to evaluate and improve food safety.
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Oliveira NA, Bittencourt GM, Barancelli GV, Kamimura ES, Lee SHI, Oliveira CAF. Listeria monocytogenes in Brazilian foods: occurrence, risks to human health and their prevention. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.7.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen which occurs mainly in ready-to-eat food products, especially in artisanal products manufactured from raw milk such as some types of cheese, meat products and leafy vegetables. L. monocytogenes requires special attention in the food industry because of its ability to survive under adverse conditions and form biofilms on different surfaces in food processing environments. The potential for product contamination by L. monocytogenes strains in the industrial environment emphasizes the importance of preventive measures in the food industry. This review presents an overview on the main characteristics, pathogenicity and occurrence data of L. monocytogenes in Brazilian foods. The main prevention measures to avoid contamination by L. monocytogenes in foods are also highlighted, especially the adoption of quality assurance programs by the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Albertina Oliveira
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Marques Bittencourt
- Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition, College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Giovana Verginia Barancelli
- Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition, College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Eliana Setsuko Kamimura
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Sarah Hwa In Lee
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
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Stoller A, Stevens MJA, Stephan R, Guldimann C. Characteristics of Listeria Monocytogenes Strains Persisting in a Meat Processing Facility over a 4-Year Period. Pathogens 2019; 8:E32. [PMID: 30866522 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes can persist in food production facilities, resulting in serious threats to consumers due to the high mortality associated with listeriosis, especially in the very young, old and pregnant. We subtyped 124 strains of L. monocytogenes isolated from a meat processing facility in Switzerland by serotyping, multi locus sequence typing (MLST) typing and whole genome sequencing. We then analyzed their ability to form biofilms and their resistance to the disinfectants benzalkonium chloride (BC) and peracetic acid (PAA). The genotyping results of the strains showed that several clonal populations of L. monocytogenes belonging to CC9, CC204 and CC121 had persisted in this meat processing facility for at least four years. All of the strains showed biofilm forming capacity comparable to a known high biofilm forming strain. Known efflux pumps for BC were present in CC204, CC9 (brcABC) and CC121 (qacH) strains, while strains from other CC showed very low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for BC. For PAA, minimal bactericidal concentrations of 1.2–1.6% for 20 min and minimal inhibitory concentrations between 0.1 and 0.2% were observed. These values were close to or above the recommended concentration for use (0.5–1%), suggesting that PAA might be ineffective at controlling L. monocytogenes in this and potentially other meat processing facilities.
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