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Ehrlich H, Bailey E, Wysokowski M, Jesionowski T. Forced Biomineralization: A Review. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:46. [PMID: 34287234 PMCID: PMC8293141 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologically induced and controlled mineralization of metals promotes the development of protective structures to shield cells from thermal, chemical, and ultraviolet stresses. Metal biomineralization is widely considered to have been relevant for the survival of life in the environmental conditions of ancient terrestrial oceans. Similar behavior is seen among extremophilic biomineralizers today, which have evolved to inhabit a variety of industrial aqueous environments with elevated metal concentrations. As an example of extreme biomineralization, we introduce the category of "forced biomineralization", which we use to refer to the biologically mediated sequestration of dissolved metals and metalloids into minerals. We discuss forced mineralization as it is known to be carried out by a variety of organisms, including polyextremophiles in a range of psychrophilic, thermophilic, anaerobic, alkaliphilic, acidophilic, and halophilic conditions, as well as in environments with very high or toxic metal ion concentrations. While much additional work lies ahead to characterize the various pathways by which these biominerals form, forced biomineralization has been shown to provide insights for the progression of extreme biomimetics, allowing for promising new forays into creating the next generation of composites using organic-templating approaches under biologically extreme laboratory conditions relevant to a wide range of industrial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Ehrlich
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland
- Centre for Climate Change Research, Toronto, ON M4P 1J4, Canada
- ICUBE-University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bailey
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA;
| | - Marcin Wysokowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Hoffmann TD, Reeksting BJ, Gebhard S. Bacteria-induced mineral precipitation: a mechanistic review. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2021; 167:001049. [PMID: 33881981 PMCID: PMC8289221 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Micro-organisms contribute to Earth's mineral deposits through a process known as bacteria-induced mineral precipitation (BIMP). It is a complex phenomenon that can occur as a result of a variety of physiological activities that influence the supersaturation state and nucleation catalysis of mineral precipitation in the environment. There is a good understanding of BIMP induced by bacterial metabolism through the control of metal redox states and enzyme-mediated reactions such as ureolysis. However, other forms of BIMP often cannot be attributed to a single pathway but rather appear to be a passive result of bacterial activity, where minerals form as a result of metabolic by-products and surface interactions within the surrounding environment. BIMP from such processes has formed the basis of many new innovative biotechnologies, such as soil consolidation, heavy metal remediation, restoration of historic buildings and even self-healing concrete. However, these applications to date have primarily incorporated BIMP-capable bacteria sampled from the environment, while detailed investigations of the underpinning mechanisms have been lagging behind. This review covers our current mechanistic understanding of bacterial activities that indirectly influence BIMP and highlights the complexity and connectivity between the different cellular and metabolic processes involved. Ultimately, detailed insights will facilitate the rational design of application-specific BIMP technologies and deepen our understanding of how bacteria are shaping our world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D. Hoffmann
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Bianca J. Reeksting
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Susanne Gebhard
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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Malavasi V, Soru S, Cao G. Extremophile Microalgae: the potential for biotechnological application. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:559-573. [PMID: 31917871 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that use sunlight as an energy source, and convert water, carbon dioxide, and inorganic salts into algal biomass. The isolation and selection of microalgae, which allow one to obtain large amounts of biomass and valuable compounds, is a prerequisite for their successful industrial production. This work provides an overview of extremophile algae, where their ability to grow under harsh conditions and the corresponding accumulation of metabolites are addressed. Emphasis is placed on the high-value products of some prominent algae. Moreover, the most recent applications of these microorganisms and their potential exploitation in the context of astrobiology are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Malavasi
- Interdepartmental Center of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Santina Soru
- Interdepartmental Center of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cao
- Interdepartmental Center of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
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4
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Yu X, Jiang J. Phosphate microbial mineralization consolidation of waste incineration fly ash and removal of lead ions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 191:110224. [PMID: 31991396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a green environment-friendly Bacillus subtilis to mineralize and consolidate waste incineration fly ash and heavy metal cations, and there is no harmful by-product in the mineralization process. Different phosphate products can be prepared, and are more stable than the microbially-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) in nature. Typical heavy metal oxides were mainly PbO, ZnO, CdO, NiO, CuO and Cr2O3 in the chemical composition of waste incineration fly ash. Microstructure and chemical composition of waste incineration fly ash before and after treatment were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the morphology of the Bacillus subtilis was mainly a rod-like structure. The optimal hydrolysis dosage of the organic phosphate monoester sodium salt was 0.2mol in the bacterial solution (1L, 20 g/L). The optimum required mass of the bacterial powder was 15 g/kg in treatment process of the waste incineration fly ash. The initial concentration of lead ions was 40.28 mg/L in waste incineration fly ash solution. After the optimum dosage treatment, the removal efficiency of lead ions was 78.15%, 79.64%, 77.70% and 80.14% when curing time was 1, 2, 4 and 6d, respectively. The waste incineration fly ash had a Shore hardness of 22 after the optimum amount of bacterial liquid treatment. Results of wind erosion test showed that the wind erosion rate of waste incineration fly ash was 2.6, 0, 0, 0, 0 and 0 g/h when blank group, deionized water, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mL of bacterial solutions treated, respectively. The bio-mineralization method provides an approach for the safe disposal of heavy metals in the contaminated areas of tailings, electroplating sewage, waste incineration plants, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoniu Yu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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5
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Ettamimi S, Carlier JD, Cox CJ, Elamine Y, Hammani K, Ghazal H, Costa MC. A meta-taxonomic investigation of the prokaryotic diversity of water bodies impacted by acid mine drainage from the São Domingos mine in southern Portugal. Extremophiles 2019; 23:821-834. [PMID: 31598797 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The prokaryotic communities of water bodies contaminated by acid mine drainage from the São Domingos mining area in southern Portugal were analyzed using a meta-taxonomics approach with 16S rRNA gene sequences. Samples were collected in two seasonal sampling campaigns (summer and winter of 2017) from the most contaminated sites from where the water flows downstream to the freshwater reservoir of the river Chança. The physicochemical data indicate a trend of decreasing acid mine drainage contamination downstream of the mining area to the Chança's reservoir. The most contaminated sites (pH = 2.3-3.1) are distinguished by prokaryotic diversity with high abundances of operational taxonomics units related to acidophiles (genera Metallibacterium, Acidibacter, Leptospirillum, Acidobacterium, Thiomonas, Acidicapsa, Acidocella, Acidiphilium; family Acidobacteriaceae, order CPla-3 termite group). Likewise, in the transition zone in the mouth of the contaminated water flow into the Chança´s reservoir (pH = 6.4), a specific prokaryotic flora exists with some acidophiles, but notably with a cyanobacteria bloom and a high abundance of the genus Sediminibacterium (family I; order Subsection III). Moreover, the strong correlation between the abundance of acidophiles and characteristic physiochemical parameters (metals, acidity, and sulfate) confirm their potential as biomarkers of acid mine drainage pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ettamimi
- Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Taza, Morocco
| | - Jorge D Carlier
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Gambelas Campus, University of the Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Cymon J Cox
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Gambelas Campus, University of the Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Youssef Elamine
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Dhar El Mehraz, Fez, Morocco
| | - Khalil Hammani
- Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Taza, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ghazal
- Laboratory of Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Maria C Costa
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Gambelas Campus, University of the Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Gambelas Campus, University of the Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Fancello D, Scalco J, Medas D, Rodeghero E, Martucci A, Meneghini C, De Giudici G. XRD-Thermal Combined Analyses: An Approach to Evaluate the Potential of Phytoremediation, Phytomining, and Biochar Production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1976. [PMID: 31167376 PMCID: PMC6603955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method for evaluating the potential of reuse of biomasses for economic purposes is here presented starting from a case study. Juncus acutus plants and rhizospheres were harvested from abandoned Zn-Pb mine areas of southwest Sardinia (Italy). Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal analyses were performed to evaluate the temperatures at which significant reactions occur. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out on raw samples and on samples heated ex-situ (by a conventional diffractometer) or in-situ (by synchrotron-based diffraction). Raw samples mainly consist of quartz, phyllosilicates, and feldspars with minor amounts of sulfides, sulfates, and Fe, Pb, and Zn carbonates, concentrated in the rhizosphere. After heating, Zn and Fe oxides and willemite are observed in internal roots and stems, revealing the presence of these metals in the plant tissues. In-situ heating was less effective than ex-situ in revealing minor phases in organic samples, probably because the scarcity of oxygen within the sample holder did not allow the degradation of organic compounds and the oxidation of sulfides, resulting in a low quality XRD signal even if obtained with the high resolution ensured by a synchrotron light source. This method can be applied to plants from polluted sites for metal exploitation, and/or to biomasses from unpolluted sites for biochar production, since both applications take advantage of the knowledge of the minerals formed after heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Fancello
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Jessica Scalco
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Daniela Medas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Elisa Rodeghero
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Martucci
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carlo Meneghini
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
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Medas D, Cidu R, De Giudici G, Podda F. Data on rare earth elements in mining environments under non-acidic conditions. Data Brief 2019; 22:836-850. [PMID: 30705928 PMCID: PMC6348289 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article contains analytical data on Rare Earth Elements (REE) concentration in waters and solid samples (mining wastes and biominerals) collected in an abandoned mining site characterized by near-neutral conditions, and they are related with the research article “Geochemistry of rare earth elements in water and solid materials at abandoned mines in SW Sardinia (Italy)” (Medas et al., 2013). REE can show specific signatures due to fractionation processes, giving an insight to the understanding of the natural processes ruling the water–rock interactions and the geo–bio-interactions. Most researches on REE behavior were performed in acidic environments, while only few data on REE are available for neutral waters. Elaboration of this dataset can be useful to evaluate the reactions controlling the geochemical behavior of REE under near-neutral to slightly alkaline conditions, driving the scientific community toward an efficient management of monitoring actions and remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Medas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Cidu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Podda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
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8
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Zhu C, Wen H, Zhang Y, Yin R, Cloquet C. Cd isotope fractionation during sulfide mineral weathering in the Fule Zn-Pb-Cd deposit, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:64-72. [PMID: 29107780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn)-Lead (Pb) deposits are generally rich in cadmium (Cd), and the weathering of sulfide minerals in such deposits results in large releases of Cd into the environment. From an environmental and public health standpoint, understanding Cd sources and cycling is critical to identifying potential hazards to humans. In this study, the Cd isotope compositions (expressed as δ114/110Cd) of secondary minerals such as anglesite (-0.57±0.03‰; 2S.D.), granular smithsonite (0.04±0.14‰; 2S.D.), layered smithsonite (0.15±0.40‰; 2S.D.), hydrozincite (0.26±0.01‰; 2S.D.) and clay minerals (-0.01±0.06‰; 2S.D.) from the Fule Zn-Pb-Cd deposit, Southwest China, are investigated to better understand the Cd sources and cycling in this area. Combined with our previous study (Zhu et al., 2017), the work herein elucidates the patterns of Cd isotopic fractionation during the formation processes of such secondary minerals and traces the weathering of these minerals into the ecosystem. The δ114/110Cd values of secondary minerals exhibit the following decreasing trend: hydrozincite>large granular smithsonite>small granular smithsonite>anglesite. Although different amounts of Cd were lost during the formation of equally sized samples, no or minor variations in Cd isotopic composition were observed. However, significant isotopic differences were observed between different size fractions. These results demonstrate that the particle size of secondary minerals and weathering products of sulfide significantly influence Cd isotope composition and fractionation during natural weathering. This systematic fractionation provides an initial foundation for the use of Cd isotopes as environmental tracers in ecosystems and in the global Cd isotope budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hanjie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Yuxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Christophe Cloquet
- Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques, CNRS/UMR 7358, 15, Rue Notre-Dame-Pauvres, B. P. 20, 54501 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France
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Tresintsi S, Kokkinos E, Kamou A, Simeonidis K, Kyriakou G, Zouboulis A, Mitrakas M. One step preparation of ZnFe2O4/Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2 nanocomposite with improved As(V) removal capacity. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1413390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Tresintsi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E. Kokkinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A. Kamou
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K. Simeonidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G. Kyriakou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A. Zouboulis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M. Mitrakas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Turianicová E, Kaňuchová M, Zorkovská A, Holub M, Bujňáková Z, Dutková E, Baláž M, Findoráková L, Balintová M, Obut A. CO2 utilization for fast preparation of nanocrystalline hydrozincite. J CO2 UTIL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Drewniak L, Krawczyk PS, Mielnicki S, Adamska D, Sobczak A, Lipinski L, Burec-Drewniak W, Sklodowska A. Physiological and Metagenomic Analyses of Microbial Mats Involved in Self-Purification of Mine Waters Contaminated with Heavy Metals. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1252. [PMID: 27559332 PMCID: PMC4978725 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two microbial mats found inside two old (gold and uranium) mines in Zloty Stok and Kowary located in SW Poland seem to form a natural barrier that traps heavy metals leaking from dewatering systems. We performed complex physiological and metagenomic analyses to determine which microorganisms are the main driving agents responsible for self-purification of the mine waters and identify metabolic processes responsible for the observed features. SEM and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed accumulation of heavy metals on the mat surface, whereas, sorption experiments showed that neither microbial mats were completely saturated with heavy metals present in the mine waters, indicating that they have a large potential to absorb significant quantities of metal. The metagenomic analysis revealed that Methylococcaceae and Methylophilaceae families were the most abundant in both communities, moreover, it strongly suggest that backbones of both mats were formed by filamentous bacteria, such as Leptothrix, Thiothrix, and Beggiatoa. The Kowary bacterial community was enriched with the Helicobacteraceae family, whereas the Zloty Stok community consist mainly of Sphingomonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and Caulobacteraceae families. Functional (culture-based) and metagenome (sequence-based) analyses showed that bacteria involved in immobilization of heavy metals, rather than those engaged in mobilization, were the main driving force within the analyzed communities. In turn, a comparison of functional genes revealed that the biofilm formation and heavy metal resistance (HMR) functions are more desirable in microorganisms engaged in water purification than the ability to utilize heavy metals in the respiratory process (oxidation-reduction). These findings provide insight on the activity of bacteria leading, from biofilm formation to self-purification, of mine waters contaminated with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Drewniak
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel S Krawczyk
- Laboratory of RNA Biology and Functional Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy Sciences Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mielnicki
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Adamska
- Laboratory of RNA Biology and Functional Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy Sciences Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Sobczak
- Laboratory of RNA Biology and Functional Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy Sciences Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Lipinski
- Laboratory of RNA Biology and Functional Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy Sciences Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Sklodowska
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Analysis, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Matsumura S, Horiguchi Y, Nishimura T, Sakai H, Kato T. Biomineralization-Inspired Preparation of Zinc Hydroxide Carbonate/Polymer Hybrids and Their Conversion into Zinc Oxide Thin-Film Photocatalysts. Chemistry 2016; 22:7094-101. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Matsumura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Horiguchi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science; Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science; Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki; Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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13
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Ngwenya BT, Magennis M, Podda F, Gromov A. Self-preservation strategies during bacterial biomineralization with reference to hydrozincite and implications for fossilization of bacteria. J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:20140845. [PMID: 25253036 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of mineralization by microbes has been widely demonstrated but whether induced biomineralization leads to distinct morphologies indicative of microbial involvement remains an open question. For calcium carbonate, evidence suggests that microbial induction enhances sphere formation, but the mechanisms involved and the role of microbial surfaces are unknown. Here, we describe hydrozincite biominerals from Sardinia, Italy, which apparently start life as smooth globules on cyanobacterial filaments, and evolve to spheroidal aggregates consisting of nanoplates. Complementary laboratory experiments suggest that organic compounds are critical to produce this morphology, possibly by inducing aggregation of nanoscopic crystals or nucleation within organic globules produced by metabolizing cells. These observations suggest that production of extracellular polymeric substances by microbes may constitute an effective mechanism to enhance formation of porous spheroids that minimize cell entombment while also maintaining metabolite exchange. However, the high porosity arising from aggregation-based crystal growth probably facilitates rapid oxidation of entombed cells, reducing their potential to be fossilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryne T Ngwenya
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
| | - Marisa Magennis
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
| | - Francesca Podda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Trentino 51, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrei Gromov
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
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14
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Neu TR, Lawrence JR. Investigation of microbial biofilm structure by laser scanning microscopy. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 146:1-51. [PMID: 24840778 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial bioaggregates and biofilms are hydrated three-dimensional structures of cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Microbial communities associated with interfaces and the samples thereof may come from natural, technical, and medical habitats. For imaging such complex microbial communities confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is the method of choice. CLSM allows flexible mounting and noninvasive three-dimensional sectioning of hydrated, living, as well as fixed samples. For this purpose a broad range of objective lenses is available having different working distance and resolution. By means of CLSM the signals detected may originate from reflection, autofluorescence, reporter genes/fluorescence proteins, fluorochromes binding to specific targets, or other probes conjugated with fluorochromes. Recorded datasets can be used not only for visualization but also for semiquantitative analysis. As a result CLSM represents a very useful tool for imaging of microbiological samples in combination with other analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Neu
- Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Brueckstrasse 3a, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany,
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15
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Fabisch M, Beulig F, Akob DM, Küsel K. Surprising abundance of Gallionella-related iron oxidizers in creek sediments at pH 4.4 or at high heavy metal concentrations. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:390. [PMID: 24385973 PMCID: PMC3866512 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified and quantified abundant iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) at three iron-rich, metal-contaminated creek sites with increasing sediment pH from extremely acidic (R1, pH 2.7), to moderately acidic (R2, pH 4.4), to slightly acidic (R3, pH 6.3) in a former uranium-mining district. The geochemical parameters showed little variations over the 1.5 year study period. The highest metal concentrations found in creek sediments always coincided with the lowest metal concentrations in creek water at the slightly acidic site R3. Sequential extractions of R3 sediment revealed large portions of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, U) bound to the iron oxide fraction. Light microscopy of glass slides exposed in creeks detected twisted stalks characteristic of microaerobic FeOB of the family Gallionellaceae at R3 but also at the acidic site R2. Sequences related to FeOB such as Gallionella ferruginea, Sideroxydans sp. CL21, Ferritrophicum radicicola, and Acidovorax sp. BrG1 were identified in the sediments. The highest fraction of clone sequences similar to the acidophilic "Ferrovum myxofaciens" was detected in R1. Quantitative PCR using primer sets specific for Gallionella spp., Sideroxydans spp., and "Ferrovum myxofaciens" revealed that ~72% (R2 sediment) and 37% (R3 sediment) of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies could be assigned to groups of FeOB with dominance of microaerobic Gallionella spp. at both sites. Gallionella spp. had similar and very high absolute and relative gene copy numbers in both sediment communities. Thus, Gallionella-like organisms appear to exhibit a greater acid and metal tolerance than shown before. Microaerobic FeOB from R3 creek sediment enriched in newly developed metal gradient tubes tolerated metal concentrations of 35 mM Co, 24 mM Ni, and 1.3 mM Cd, higher than those in sediments. Our results will extend the limited knowledge of FeOB at contaminated, moderately to slightly acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fabisch
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
| | - Felix Beulig
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
| | - Denise M. Akob
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Research ProgramReston, VA, USA
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
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Kaur M, Zhang H, Martin L, Todd T, Qiang Y. Conjugates of magnetic nanoparticle-actinide specific chelator for radioactive waste separation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:11942-11959. [PMID: 24070142 DOI: 10.1021/es402205q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel nanotechnology for the separation of radioactive waste that uses magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugated with actinide specific chelators (MNP-Che) is reviewed with a focus on design and process development. The MNP-Che separation process is an effective way of separating heat generating minor actinides (Np, Am, Cm) from spent nuclear fuel solution to reduce the radiological hazard. It utilizes coated MNPs to selectively adsorb the contaminants onto their surfaces, after which the loaded particles are collected using a magnetic field. The MNP-Che conjugates can be recycled by stripping contaminates into a separate, smaller volume of solution, and then become the final waste form for disposal after reusing number of times. Due to the highly selective chelators, this remediation method could be both simple and versatile while allowing the valuable actinides to be recovered and recycled. Key issues standing in the way of large-scale application are stability of the conjugates and their dispersion in solution to maintain their unique properties, especially large surface area, of MNPs. With substantial research progress made on MNPs and their surface functionalization, as well as development of environmentally benign chelators, this method could become very flexible and cost-effective for recycling used fuel. Finally, the development of this nanotechnology is summarized and its future direction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- Department of Physics, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
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Podda F, Medas D, De Giudici G, Ryszka P, Wolowski K, Turnau K. Zn biomineralization processes and microbial biofilm in a metal-rich stream (Naracauli, Sardinia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 21:6793-6808. [PMID: 23872900 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1987-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Several decades after the closure of the Ingurtosu mine (SW Sardinia), a variety of seasonal Zn biomineralizations occurs. In this work, waters, microbial consortia, and seasonal precipitates from the Naracauli stream were sampled to investigate chemical composition of stream waters and biominerals, and microbial strain identity. Molecular and morphological analysis revealed that activity of dominant cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya frigida results in precipitation of Zn silicate. The activity of the cyanobacterium was associated to other bacteria and many kind of diatoms, such as Halamphora subsalina and Encyonopsis microcephala, which are trapped in the process of biomineral growth. In this work, the precipitation process is shown to be the result of many different parameters such as hydrologic regime, microbial community adaptation, and biological mediation. It results in a decrease of dissolved Zn in the stream water, and is a potential tool for Zn pollution abatement.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Podda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09127, Cagliari, Italy
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Medas D, Lattanzi P, Podda F, Meneghini C, Trapananti A, Sprocati A, Casu MA, Musu E, De Giudici G. The amorphous Zn biomineralization at Naracauli stream, Sardinia: electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 21:6775-6782. [PMID: 23832800 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous Zn biomineralization ("white mud"), occurring at Naracauli stream, Sardinia, in association with cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya frigida and diatoms, was investigated by electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Preliminary diffraction analysis shows that the precipitate sampled on Naracauli stream bed is mainly amorphous, with some peaks ascribable to quartz and phyllosilicates, plus few minor unattributed peaks. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the white mud, precipitated in association with a seasonal biofilm, is made of sheaths rich in Zn, Si, and O, plus filaments likely made of organic matter. Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that the sheaths are made of smaller units having a size in the range between 100 and 200 nm. X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure data collected at the Zn K-edge indicate that the biomineral has a local structure similar to hemimorphite, a zinc sorosilicate. The differences of this biomineral with respect to the hydrozincite biomineralization documented about 3 km upstream in the same Naracauli stream may be related to either variations in the physicochemical parameters and/or different metabolic behavior of the involved biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Medas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09127, Cagliari, Italy,
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19
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Sauro S, Osorio R, Fulgêncio R, Watson TF, Cama G, Thompson I, Toledano M. Remineralisation properties of innovative light-curable resin-based dental materials containing bioactive micro-fillers. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2624-2638. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb00205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Lattanzi P, Meneghini C, De Giudici G, Podda F. Uptake of Pb by hydrozincite, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6--implications for remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 177:1138-1144. [PMID: 20045250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrozincite, Zn(5)(CO(3))(2)(OH)(6), periodically precipitates from heavy metal contaminated waters of the Rio Naracauli stream, Sardinia, in association with a biological photosynthetic community. The precipitation removes not only zinc from the waters, but also other toxic "heavy metals", such as Cd, Cu, Pb. The phenomenon is therefore of potential interest for "soft" remediation of contaminated waters. Previous cation exchange experiments suggested that binding of Pb to hydrozincite is fairly strong. This suggestion is in agreement with new release tests in deionized water and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra collected at the Pb L(III) edge for natural hydrozincites from Naracauli, and synthetic Pb-doped hydrozincites. The results suggest that, up to bulk concentration of 1.5 wt.% Pb, uptake of this metal occurs in two distinct ways: (1) as a substitution for Zn in the tetrahedral site of the hydrozincite structure, possibly via formation of a surface mononuclear tridentate inner sphere complex; (2) as an ill-defined, presumably amorphous, phase with a local atomic structure similar to cerussite. These data support the concept that Pb binding to hydrozincite is strong enough to make this mineral a potential sink for the metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfranco Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Cagliari, via Trentino 51, I-09127 Cagliari, Italy
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Diels L, Van Roy S, Taghavi S, Van Houdt R. From industrial sites to environmental applications with Cupriavidus metallidurans. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:247-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Pisani F, Italiano F, de Leo F, Gallerani R, Rinalducci S, Zolla L, Agostiano A, Ceci L, Trotta M. Soluble proteome investigation of cobalt effect on the carotenoidless mutant ofRhodobacter sphaeroides. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:338-49. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Bai HJ, Zhang ZM, Yang GE, Li BZ. Bioremediation of cadmium by growing Rhodobacter sphaeroides: kinetic characteristic and mechanism studies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:7716-7722. [PMID: 18358716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Revised: 01/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The removal kinetic characteristic and mechanism of cadmium by growing Rhodobacter sphaeroides were investigated. The removal data were fitted to the second-order equation, with a correlation coefficient, R2=0.9790-0.9916. Furthermore, it was found that the removal mechanism of cadmium was predominantly governed by bioprecipitation as cadmium sulfide with biosorption contributing to a minor extent. Also, the results revealed that the activities of cysteine desulfhydrase in strains grown in the presence of 10 and 20 mg/l of cadmium were higher than in the control, while the activities in the presence of 30 and 40 mg/l of cadmium were lower than in the control. Content analysis of subcellular fractionation showed that cadmium was mostly removed and transformed by precipitation on the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Juan Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China.
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24
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El-Bestawy E. Treatment of mixed domestic-industrial wastewater using cyanobacteria. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:1503-16. [PMID: 18726623 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company (ASDCO), Alexandria, Egypt has two primary treatment plants, the eastern and the western wastewater treatment plants (EWTP and WWTP) that receive mixed domestic-industrial influents and discharge into L. Mariut. The lake is subjected therefore to severe levels of pollution and dominated by members of cyanobacteria that can cope with the high pollution load in the lake water. Isolation and utilization of the locally generated cyanobacterial biomass for remediation processes of highly toxic pollutants offers a very efficient and cheap tool for governmental or private industrial activities in Alexandria and will generate a source of revenue in Egyptian localities. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the biodegradation and biosorption capacity of some potential cyanobacterial species dominating the lake ecosystem toward organic and inorganic contaminants polluting the primary-treated effluents of the EWTP and WWTP. The primary effluents were subjected to biological treatment using three axenic cyanobacterial strains (Anabaena oryzae, Anabaena variabilis and Tolypothrix ceytonica) as batch system for 7 days. Removal efficiencies (RE) of the different contaminants were evaluated and compared. Results confirmed the high efficiencies of the investigated species for the removal of the target contaminants which were species and contaminant-dependent. BOD5 and COD recorded 89.29 and 73.68% as maximum RE(s) achieved by Anabaena variabilis and Anabaena oryzae, respectively. The highest RE of the TSS recorded 64.37% achieved by Tolypothrix ceytonica, while 38.84% was recorded as the highest TSD RE achieved by Anabaena variabilis. Tolypothrix ceytonica also exhibited the highest RE for FOG recorded 93.75%. Concerning the contaminant metals, Tolypothrix ceytonica showed the highest biosorption capacity where 86.12 and 94.63% RE were achieved for Zn and Cu, respectively. In conclusion, results of the present study confirmed the advantageous potential of using the tested cyanobacterial species for the treatment of contaminated wastewater. Results also clearly showed the quality improvement of the discharged wastewater which in turn will eliminate or at least minimize the expected deterioration of the receiving environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam El-Bestawy
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horria Ave. El-Shatby, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Sprocati AR, Alisi C, Segre L, Tasso F, Galletti M, Cremisini C. Investigating heavy metal resistance, bioaccumulation and metabolic profile of a metallophile microbial consortium native to an abandoned mine. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2006; 366:649-58. [PMID: 16556455 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2005] [Revised: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated sites represent new ecological niches where historical pollution has originated an unusual microbial biodiversity. The knowledge of these microorganisms contributes to the discovery of new pathways and metabolic networks and may offer potential solutions for damaged areas. In the present work seven microbial consortia have been isolated from an abandoned mine of blend and galena (Ingurtosu, Italy) through a selection for resistance to zinc (tested up to 40 mM in solution). All the consortia were able to accumulate zinc and the best accumulator, named Ing5, has been studied for the following characteristics: resistance and accumulation of Zn, Cd, Hg, bioaccumulation mechanisms of Zn, and influence of Zn and Cd on the metabolic profile. The results indicate that the consortium Ing5 bears resistance systems for Cd and Hg as well as Zn and that, for some of the 5 isolates belonging to Ing5, the resistance thresholds are higher in consortium than in pure culture. The prevalent mechanism for zinc accumulation can be reasonably considered to be metabolism-dependent, inducible and regulated by metal concentrations. The study on the metabolic profile, carried out by the Biolog system, shows that Zn exerts a very low influence on the metabolic profile and that this influence can also be positive; Cd has a stronger negative influence but that, despite this, the consortium is able to maintain a wide metabolic potential in the presence of heavy metals. These features of Ing5 make it a good candidate for biotechnological applications and for further investigation of the degradation of organic pollutants in the presence of metals.
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Sequential extractions on mine tailings samples after and before bioassays: implications on the speciation of metals during microbial re-colonization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s00254-005-0101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Renninger N, Knopp R, Nitsche H, Clark DS, Keasling JD. Uranyl precipitation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa via controlled polyphosphate metabolism. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 70:7404-12. [PMID: 15574942 PMCID: PMC535141 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.12.7404-7412.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyphosphate kinase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was overexpressed in its native host, resulting in the accumulation of 100 times the polyphosphate seen with control strains. Degradation of this polyphosphate was induced by carbon starvation conditions, resulting in phosphate release into the medium. The mechanism of polyphosphate degradation is not clearly understood, but it appears to be associated with glycogen degradation. Upon suspension of the cells in 1 mM uranyl nitrate, nearly all polyphosphate that had accumulated was degraded within 48 h, resulting in the removal of nearly 80% of the uranyl ion and >95% of lesser-concentrated solutions. Electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) suggest that this removal was due to the precipitation of uranyl phosphate at the cell membrane. TRLFS also indicated that uranyl was initially sorbed to the cell as uranyl hydroxide and was then precipitated as uranyl phosphate as phosphate was released from the cell. Lethal doses of radiation did not halt phosphate secretion from polyphosphate-filled cells under carbon starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Renninger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1462, USA
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