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Mays JB, Mariem MN, Alabadi HI. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (Herpesviridae: Simplexvirus: Human alphaherpesvirus 1) in smokers. Vopr Virusol 2024; 69:187-192. [PMID: 38843024 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most common human viral infections and has a double-stranded DNA genome belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Smoking is one of the leading causes of disease and premature death worldwide, responsible for the death of up to six million people annually. The purpose of the current study was to determine the seroprevalence of HSV-1 infection among smokers. Methods. The search strategy was conducted in the period from December 2022 to January 2023. The study included a random sample of 94 (88 males, and 6 females) healthy participants, aged between ≤ 20 to ≥ 60 years, with 50 participants as the control group. The HSV serological testing consisted of detecting antibodies to HSV-1 IgG with the help of ELISA. RESULTS Most participants were university students, consisting of 45.7% males and 5.3% females, followed by employed smokers, consisting of 0.2% males and 1.1% females. The number of females was much lower than that of males reaching 6.4 and 93.6% respectively, due to customs and traditions. The seroprevalence was 24.47, 22.3 and 2.1% in males and females respectively. The seroprevalence rate was 13.8% in hookah and cigarette smokers, 9% in cigarette smokers and 1.1% in hookah smokers exclusively. The highest rate was observed in the age groups of 21-30 and 31-40 years with 12.80% and 7.40% respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed that the seroprevalence of HSV-1 IgG was 24.47%, and was higher among hookah and cigarette smokers compared to those who exclusively smoked cigarettes or hookah.
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Zakiawati D, Farisyi MA, Wahyuni IS. Clinical variability of recurrent oral HSV-1 infection with a high level of serum IgG antibody: Three case reports. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04735. [PMID: 34484769 PMCID: PMC8405539 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent HSV-1 infection has various clinical features. This case report addresses three differences in the oral clinical manifestation of HSV-1 with the same high level of IgG titers reaching 200 U/mL. IgG antibody level indicates the state of recurrency but does not correlate with clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Zakiawati
- Oral Medicine Residency ProgramFaculty of DentistryUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
- Department of Oral MedicineFaculty of DentistryUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
| | - Muhammad Al Farisyi
- Oral Medicine Residency ProgramFaculty of DentistryUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
| | - Indah Suasani Wahyuni
- Department of Oral MedicineFaculty of DentistryUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
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Debrah O, Agyemang-Yeboah F, Asmah RH, Timmy-Donkoh E, Seini MM, Fondjo LA, Sight N, Owusu-Dabo E. SERO-prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among women attending routine Cervicare clinics in Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:378. [PMID: 30086705 PMCID: PMC6081947 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus infection is a global health concern with disproportionately high burden in low and middle-income countries. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of HSV infection in Ghana, which necessitated the present study. The aim of the study was to provide up-to-date data on sero-prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection among women attending Cervicare clinics in Ghana. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in which 380 women attending routine Cervicare clinics at Regional Hospitals in Kumasi and Accra, Ghana were enrolled into the study. Serum HSV-1 IgG and HSV-2 IgG were determined by ELISA method. The Chi-square test was used to investigate the association between sero-prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 and socio-demographic and behavioral factors using the Statistical Package for the Social Scientists (SPSS) version 22. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. RESULTS The overall HSV-1 and HSV-2 sero-prevalence estimates were 99.2% (95% CI: 98.0-100%) and 78.4% (95% CI: 74.5-81.8%) respectively. The study observed 78.2% cross-positive prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among the studied participants. There was no association between the presence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection and age (χ2 = 2.351, p = 0.799 and χ2 = 1.655, p = 0.895 respectively). Our findings however, revealed association between the prevalence of HSV-2 and the age at coitarche (p = 0.021) as well as with number of sexual partners (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS The sero-prevalence estimates of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among the study population of women in Ghana were found to be high. This high prevalence could be attributed to high endemicity and inadequate intervention in this population. There is the need to raise awareness through organized public health screening and education to ensure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Debrah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. .,Laboratory Department, Ridge Regional Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Francis Agyemang-Yeboah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Emmanuel Timmy-Donkoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Kumasi Center for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mohammed Mustapha Seini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Laboratory Department, Ridge Regional Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Nilok Sight
- Laboratory Department, C&J Medicare Hospital and Diagnostic Center, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Kumasi Center for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Global Health, School of Public Health,KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
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Study on antiviral activities, drug-likeness and molecular docking of bioactive compounds of Punica granatum L. to Herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2). Microb Pathog 2018; 118:301-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Stettler K, Beltramello M, Espinosa DA, Graham V, Cassotta A, Bianchi S, Vanzetta F, Minola A, Jaconi S, Mele F, Foglierini M, Pedotti M, Simonelli L, Dowall S, Atkinson B, Percivalle E, Simmons CP, Varani L, Blum J, Baldanti F, Cameroni E, Hewson R, Harris E, Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F, Corti D. Specificity, cross-reactivity, and function of antibodies elicited by Zika virus infection. Science 2016; 353:823-6. [PMID: 27417494 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf8505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus with homology to Dengue virus (DENV), has become a public health emergency. By characterizing memory lymphocytes from ZIKV-infected patients, we dissected ZIKV-specific and DENV-cross-reactive immune responses. Antibodies to nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) were largely ZIKV-specific and were used to develop a serological diagnostic tool. In contrast, antibodies against E protein domain I/II (EDI/II) were cross-reactive and, although poorly neutralizing, potently enhanced ZIKV and DENV infection in vitro and lethally enhanced DENV disease in mice. Memory T cells against NS1 or E proteins were poorly cross-reactive, even in donors preexposed to DENV. The most potent neutralizing antibodies were ZIKV-specific and targeted EDIII or quaternary epitopes on infectious virus. An EDIII-specific antibody protected mice from lethal ZIKV infection, illustrating the potential for antibody-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Stettler
- Humabs BioMed SA, Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Diego A Espinosa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Victoria Graham
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Siro Bianchi
- Humabs BioMed SA, Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Minola
- Humabs BioMed SA, Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Jaconi
- Humabs BioMed SA, Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Federico Mele
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Pedotti
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Simonelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Dowall
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Barry Atkinson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Elena Percivalle
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cameron P Simmons
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK. Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Center for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Luca Varani
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Blum
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland. University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Roger Hewson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Lanzavecchia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Institute for Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs BioMed SA, Via Mirasole 1, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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Shanehsazzadeh M, Sharifi-Rad J, Behbahani M, Pourazar A. Analysis of human papillomavirus and herpes simplex virus genus -2 from patients with cervical cancer in isfahan, iran. Mater Sociomed 2014; 26:234-6. [PMID: 25395883 PMCID: PMC4214813 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2014.26.234-236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cervical uterine cancer is a second form of cancer among women, but it occupies fifth form among all cancer types. METHODS In the present study, human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) in cervical cancer patients by using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and the relation between their viral loads were investigated. 156 cervical carcinoma tissues were collected from married women in health centers in Isfahan, Iran. RESULTS The results showed that among 156 specimens, 58.97%, 45.51% and 7.05% were positive for HPV DNA, HPV-16 and HPV-18 respectively. Only in 2.3% specimens, HSV-2 and HPV-16 were positively detected where viral load HSV-2 in conjunction with HSV-16 dramatically increased. CONCLUSION Thus the present study not only confirmed that viral load of HPV-16 is more than other HPV types, but also in possible conjunction with HSV-2, both rates will significantly increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Shanehsazzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Biology, Zist Partak Institute, Academic Center for Education and Research, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran ; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mandana Behbahani
- Department of Medicinal Biology, Zist Partak Institute, Academic Center for Education and Research, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Pourazar
- Department of Medicinal Biology, Zist Partak Institute, Academic Center for Education and Research, Isfahan, Iran
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Liermann K, Schäfler A, Henke A, Sauerbrei A. Evaluation of commercial herpes simplex virus IgG and IgM enzyme immunoassays. J Virol Methods 2014; 199:29-34. [PMID: 24418499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Serological methods are used widely for the determination of herpes simplex virus (HSV) IgG and IgM antibodies in virological laboratories. The present study evaluates the automated performance of the Virion\Serion (Würzburg, Germany) and Orgentec (Mainz, Germany) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the determination of HSV type-common and type-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Two hundred sixty-three sera from HSV-negative children, healthy blood donors as well as patients without and with acute HSV infections were included. The Serion ELISAs classic HSV 1+2, HSV 1 and HSV 2 IgG showed sensitivities between 89.1% and 98.0% and specificities from 82.8% to 100%. Sensitivities of the Orgentec ELISAs Anti-HSV-1 and Anti-HSV-2 IgG were calculated as 91.0-96.0% and 88.5-95.4% accompanied by specificities between 93.1% and 100%. The HSV type-common Serion IgM ELISA revealed also a high sensitivity and specificity. However, the single-type HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgM ELISAs from both companies did not detect reliably HSV-1- and HSV-2-specific IgM antibodies. In conclusion, the automated performance of Serion ELISAs classic HSV 1+2, HSV 1 and HSV 2 IgG as well Orgentec ELISAs Anti-HSV-1 and Anti-HSV-2 IgG provide highly dependable results for identifying HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgG-positive or -negative individuals. While HSV type-common IgM ELISAs can be useful to confirm acute newly acquired HSV infections, the use of single-type IgM ELISAs on the basis of whole-virus antigen is dispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Liermann
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Schäfler
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Henke
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Sauerbrei
- Institute of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, German Reference Laboratory for HSV and VZV, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
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Fernandez-Obregon AC, Shah D, Howell AI, Bentahar IT, Carrodeguas L, Siddiqui A, Ejiogu JA. Challenges in anti-infective therapy for skin conditions: part 1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.3.3.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Association between IgM anti-herpes simplex virus and plasma amyloid-beta levels. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29480. [PMID: 22216291 PMCID: PMC3247269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation has been identified as a possible risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plasma amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels might be considered as possible biomarkers of the risk of AD. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between anti-HSV antibodies and plasma Aβ levels. Methods The study sample consisted of 1222 subjects (73.9 y in mean) from the Three-City cohort. IgM and IgG anti-HSV antibodies were quantified using an ELISA kit, and plasma levels of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 were measured using an xMAP-based assay technology. Cross-sectional analyses of the associations between anti-HSV antibodies and plasma Aβ levels were performed by multi-linear regression. Results After adjustment for study center, age, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E-e4 polymorphism, plasma Aβ1–42 and Aβ1–40 levels were specifically inversely associated with anti-HSV IgM levels (β = −20.7, P = 0.001 and β = −92.4, P = 0.007, respectively). In a sub-sample with information on CLU- and CR1-linked SNPs genotyping (n = 754), additional adjustment for CR1 or CLU markers did not modify these associations (adjustment for CR1 rs6656401, β = −25.6, P = 0.002 for Aβ1–42 and β = −132.7, P = 0.002 for Aβ1–40; adjustment for CLU rs2279590, β = −25.6, P = 0.002 for Aβ1–42 and β = −134.8, P = 0.002 for Aβ1–40). No association between the plasma Aβ1–42-to-Aβ1–40 ratio and anti-HSV IgM or IgG were evidenced. Conclusion High anti-HSV IgM levels, markers of HSV reactivation, are associated with lower plasma Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 levels, which suggest a possible involvement of the virus in the alterations of the APP processing and potentially in the pathogenesis of AD in human.
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Abu-Raddad LJ, Schiffer JT, Ashley R, Mumtaz G, Alsallaq RA, Akala FA, Semini I, Riedner G, Wilson D. HSV-2 serology can be predictive of HIV epidemic potential and hidden sexual risk behavior in the Middle East and North Africa. Epidemics 2010; 2:173-82. [PMID: 21352788 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV prevalence is low in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, though the risk or potential for further spread in the future is not well understood. Behavioral surveys are limited in this region and when available have serious limitations in assessing the risk of HIV acquisition. We demonstrate the potential use of herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) seroprevalence as a marker for HIV risk within MENA. METHODS We designed a mathematical model to assess whether HSV-2 prevalence can be predictive of future HIV spread. We also conducted a systematic literature review of HSV-2 seroprevalence studies within MENA. RESULTS We found that HSV-2 prevalence data are rather limited in this region. Prevalence is typically low among the general population but high in established core groups prone to sexually transmitted infections such as men who have sex with men and female sex workers. Our model predicts that if HSV-2 prevalence is low and stable, then the risk of future HIV epidemics is low. However, expanding or high HSV-2 prevalence (greater than about 20%), implies a risk for a considerable HIV epidemic. Based on available HSV-2 prevalence data, it is not likely that the general population in MENA is experiencing or will experience such a considerable HIV epidemic. Nevertheless, the risk for concentrated HIV epidemics among several high-risk core groups is present. CONCLUSIONS HSV-2 prevalence surveys provide a useful mechanism for identifying and corroborating populations at risk for HIV within MENA. HSV-2 serology offers an effective tool for probing hidden sexual risk behaviors in a region where quality behavioral data are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
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Zawar V, Godse K, Sankalecha S. Chronic urticaria associated with recurrent genital herpes simplex infection and success of antiviral therapy — a report of two cases. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14:e514-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Badawi H, Ahmed H, Aboul Fadl L, Helmi A, Fam N, Diab M, Ismail A, Badawi A, Saber M. Herpes simplex virus type-2 in Egyptian patients with bladder cancer or cystitis. APMIS 2010; 118:37-44. [PMID: 20041869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02556.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) in Egyptian patients with bladder cancer or cystitis and to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic HSV-2 assays. The study included 50 patients: 27 with bladder cancer (group I), 23 with cystitis (group II) and 20 subjects as controls (group III). HSV-2 DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on bladder tissue and buffy coat cells (BCC). Electron microscopic studies (EMS) on BCC and ELISAs for IgM, IgG and specific glycoprotein G-2 (gG-2) IgG were performed. HSV-2 DNA was detected by PCR on bladder tissue biopsies in 29.6% and 21.7% of group I and II respectively and it was also detected by PCR on BCC in 22.2% and 21.7% of group I and II respectively. EMS revealed HSV like particles in 16.6% of cases. IgG, specific gG-2 IgG and IgM were detected in 30%, 16% and 6% of cases respectively. The different assays were evaluated in relation to PCR on bladder tissue biopsies. The gG-2-based ELISA and EMS on BCC were found to be highly specific (97.3% and 100% respectively), with similar low sensitivity of approximately 54%. PCR on BCC was the most sensitive assay. The association of HSV-2 with bladder cancer is suggested especially in schistosomal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Badawi
- Department of Microbiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Fatahzadeh M, Schwartz RA. Human herpes simplex virus infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology, diagnosis, and management. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 57:737-63; quiz 764-6. [PMID: 17939933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Eight of the more than 80 known herpesviruses are human pathogens. Human herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a contagious infection with a large reservoir in the general population. It has a potential for significant complications in the immunocompromised host. In addition, psychological distress caused by the negative stigma associated with genital herpes and visible facial lesions in those experiencing frequent outbreaks renders it a challenging clinical dilemma. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic features of HSV infections, providing the clinician with an up-to-date understanding of the available management strategies for mucocutaneous HSV-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Fatahzadeh
- Department of Oral Medicine, New Jersey Dental School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
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Ichai P, Roque Afonso AM, Sebagh M, Gonzalez ME, Codés L, Azoulay D, Saliba F, Karam V, Dussaix E, Guettier C, Castaing D, Samuel D. Herpes simplex virus-associated acute liver failure: a difficult diagnosis with a poor prognosis. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:1550-5. [PMID: 16315311 DOI: 10.1002/lt.20545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report 5 cases of acute liver failure related to herpes simplex (HSV) infection in 1 immunocompetent and 4 immunosuppressed patients. One patient was too ill for liver transplantation indication. Three patients, among the 4 listed, underwent liver transplantation. Three patients died 11 days to 1 year after transplantation and 2 patients died 2 to 3 days after admission. All presented with fever and none with skin lesions. The diagnosis of HSV-related hepatitis was made antemortem in only 2 patients on the basis of positive blood cultures and/or immunohistochemic findings. In the remaining patients, HSV diagnosis was made retrospectively on further histologic and virologic investigations. Primary HSV infection was certain or likely in all cases, including an HSV2 superinfection of an anti-HSV1-positive patient and two HSV superinfections of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related chronic liver disease. In these latter patients, HSV diagnosis was totally unsuspected, despite fever. HSV superinfection has significantly contributed to liver dysfunction aggravation and death. In conclusion, the diagnosis of HSV hepatitis is difficult to establish in the absence of specific clinical signs. This may suggest the need for early administration of acyclovir in patients with suspected HSV hepatitis, without waiting for virologic confirmation. Diagnosis methods providing fast results (real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Ichai
- Centre Hépatobiliaire, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 12 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800 Villejuif Cedex, France.
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Andréoletti L, Piednoir E, Legoff J, Brodard V, Beguinot I, Strady C, Rouger C, Piketty C, Si-Mohamed A, Kazatchkine MD, Malkin JE, Bélec L. High seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in French human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected outpatients. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:4215-7. [PMID: 16081982 PMCID: PMC1233922 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.8.4215-4217.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using commercially available herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-specific serological diagnostic tests, HSV type 2 (HSV-2) antibody prevalence was assessed in two parallel prospective studies including 534 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected outpatients living in two areas of northern France. In the first cohort of 434 subjects, 223 (51%) individuals demonstrated a positive HSV-2 serological status while 66 (66%) of 100 subjects in the second cohort were seropositive for HSV-2 (51 versus 66%; P = 0.08). Among the 223 HSV-2-seropositive subjects identified in the first study cohort, only 22 (10%) had suffered from recurrent anogenital lesions during the past 12 months while 154 (69%) had no clinical history of herpesvirus infection. Our findings demonstrate high proportions of subclinical and undiagnosed HSV-2 infection in HIV-1-infected individuals and suggest that HSV type-specific serological testing in the French HIV-1-infected subpopulation could be an efficient strategy to diagnose clinically asymptomatic HSV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Andréoletti
- Unité de Virologie Médicale, Unité d'Hygiène Hospitalière et Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Reims, and IFR-53/EA-3798, Faculté de Médecine de Reims, Reims, France.
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Dan M, Sadan O, Glezerman M, Raveh D, Samra Z. Prevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant women in Israel. Sex Transm Dis 2004; 30:835-8. [PMID: 14603091 DOI: 10.1097/01.olq.0000086608.07893.1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although usually a nuisance to the adult patient, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection can have devastating consequences on the infected newborn. It is thus important to document the prevalence and risk factors of this infection among pregnant women in a defined population. The availability of the new type-specific assays that provide accurate serologic results prompted us to study the seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection among pregnant women in Israel. STUDY DESIGN In a cross-sectional descriptive study, 512 pregnant women were tested. The study population included Israeli-born Jewish and Arab women, and new immigrants from the former Soviet Union. A competition-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect type-specific HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for HSV-2 seropositivity. RESULTS The prevalence of HSV-2 infection was 13.3% (95% confidence interval, 10.5-16.5%) and that of HSV-1 was 94.9%. History of genital or labial herpes was reported by 1.3% and 26.8% of the participants, respectively. The HSV-2 infection rate was 3-fold higher among immigrants from the former Soviet Union (27.5%) than among Israeli-born Jewish and Arab women (9%). The only risk factor independently associated with HSV-2 seropositivity was multiple lifetime sexual partners. CONCLUSION We have documented a relatively low seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection in a demographically mixed group of pregnant women in Israel. The role of high-risk sexual behavior in the spread of the infection has been reconfirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dan
- Infectious Diseases Unit, the E. Wolfson Hospital, Holon, Israel.
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