1
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King N, Dhumal D, Lew SQ, Kuo SH, Galanakou C, Oh MW, Chong SY, Zhang N, Lee LTO, Hayouka Z, Peng L, Lau GW. Amphiphilic Dendrimer as Potent Antibacterial against Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Mouse Models of Human Infectious Diseases. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:453-466. [PMID: 38241613 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Modern medicine continues to struggle against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. Among the pathogens of critical concerns are the multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These pathogens are major causes of nosocomial infections among immunocompromised individuals, involving major organs such as lung, skin, spleen, kidney, liver, and bloodstream. Therefore, novel approaches are direly needed. Recently, we developed an amphiphilic dendrimer DDC18-8A exhibiting high antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy in vitro. DDC18-8A is composed of a long hydrophobic alkyl chain and a small hydrophilic poly(amidoamine) dendron bearing amine terminals, exerting its antibacterial activity by attaching and inserting itself into bacterial membranes to trigger cell lysis. Here, we examined the pharmacokinetics and in vivo toxicity as well as the antibacterial efficacy of DDC18-8A in mouse models of human infectious diseases. Remarkably, DDC18-8A significantly reduced the bacterial burden in mouse models of acute pneumonia and bacteremia by P. aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and neutropenic soft tissue infection by P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Most importantly, DDC18-8A outperformed pathogen-specific antibiotics against all three pathogens by achieving a similar bacterial clearance at 10-fold lower therapeutic concentrations. In addition, it showed superior stability and biodistribution in vivo, with excellent safety profiles yet without any observable abnormalities in histopathological analysis of major organs, blood serum biochemistry, and hematology. Collectively, we provide strong evidence that DDC18-8A is a promising alternative to the currently prescribed antibiotics in addressing challenges associated with nosocomial infections by MDR pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah King
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Dinesh Dhumal
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Shi Qian Lew
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Christina Galanakou
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Sook Yin Chong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Nian Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Leo Tsz On Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, China
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ling Peng
- CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), UMR 7325, Equipe Labelisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Aix Marseille University, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy 913, Marseille 13288, France
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
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2
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Wang X, Liu M, Yu C, Li J, Zhou X. Biofilm formation: mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:49. [PMID: 38097907 PMCID: PMC10721784 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00164-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are complex multicellular communities formed by bacteria, and their extracellular polymeric substances are observed as surface-attached or non-surface-attached aggregates. Many types of bacterial species found in living hosts or environments can form biofilms. These include pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, which can act as persistent infectious hosts and are responsible for a wide range of chronic diseases as well as the emergence of antibiotic resistance, thereby making them difficult to eliminate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a model organism for studying biofilm formation. In addition, other Pseudomonas utilize biofilm formation in plant colonization and environmental persistence. Biofilms are effective in aiding bacterial colonization, enhancing bacterial resistance to antimicrobial substances and host immune responses, and facilitating cell‒cell signalling exchanges between community bacteria. The lack of antibiotics targeting biofilms in the drug discovery process indicates the need to design new biofilm inhibitors as antimicrobial drugs using various strategies and targeting different stages of biofilm formation. Growing strategies that have been developed to combat biofilm formation include targeting bacterial enzymes, as well as those involved in the quorum sensing and adhesion pathways. In this review, with Pseudomonas as the primary subject of study, we review and discuss the mechanisms of bacterial biofilm formation and current therapeutic approaches, emphasizing the clinical issues associated with biofilm infections and focusing on current and emerging antibiotic biofilm strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuanjiang Yu
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xikun Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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3
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Marzhoseyni Z, Mousavi MJ, Saffari M, Ghotloo S. Immune escape strategies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to establish chronic infection. Cytokine 2023; 163:156135. [PMID: 36724716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The infection caused by P. aeruginosa still is dangerous throughout the world. This is partly due to its immune escape mechanisms considerably increasing the bacterial survival in the host. By escape from recognition by TLRs, interference with complement system activation, phagocytosis inhibition, production of ROS, inhibition of NET production, interference with the generation of cytokines, inflammasome inhibition, reduced antigen presentation, interference with cellular and humoral immunity, and induction of apoptotic cell death and MDSc, P. aeruginosa breaks down the barriers of the immune system and causes lethal infections in the host. Recognition of other immune escape mechanisms of P. aeruginosa may provide a basis for the future treatment of the infection. This manuscript may provide new insights and information for the development of new strategies to combat P. aeruginosa infection. In the present manuscript, the escape mechanisms of P. aeruginosa against immune response would be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Marzhoseyni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mousavi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahmood Saffari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ghotloo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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4
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Knoot CJ, Wantuch PL, Robinson LS, Rosen DA, Scott NE, Harding CM. Discovery and characterization of a new class of O-linking oligosaccharyltransferases from the Moraxellaceae family. Glycobiology 2022; 33:57-74. [PMID: 36239418 PMCID: PMC9829042 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial protein glycosylation is commonly mediated by oligosaccharyltransferases (OTases) that transfer oligosaccharides en bloc from preassembled lipid-linked precursors to acceptor proteins. Natively, O-linking OTases usually transfer a single repeat unit of the O-antigen or capsular polysaccharide to the side chains of serine or threonine on acceptor proteins. Three major families of bacterial O-linking OTases have been described: PglL, PglS, and TfpO. TfpO is limited to transferring short oligosaccharides both in its native context and when heterologously expressed in glycoengineered Escherichia coli. On the other hand, PglL and PglS can transfer long-chain polysaccharides when expressed in glycoengineered E. coli. Herein, we describe the discovery and functional characterization of a novel family of bacterial O-linking OTases termed TfpM from Moraxellaceae bacteria. TfpM proteins are similar in size and sequence to TfpO enzymes but can transfer long-chain polysaccharides to acceptor proteins. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that TfpM proteins cluster in distinct clades from known bacterial OTases. Using a representative TfpM enzyme from Moraxella osloensis, we determined that TfpM glycosylates a C-terminal threonine of its cognate pilin-like protein and identified the minimal sequon required for glycosylation. We further demonstrated that TfpM has broad substrate tolerance and can transfer diverse glycans including those with glucose, galactose, or 2-N-acetyl sugars at the reducing end. Last, we find that a TfpM-derived bioconjugate is immunogenic and elicits serotype-specific polysaccharide IgG responses in mice. The glycan substrate promiscuity of TfpM and identification of the minimal TfpM sequon renders this enzyme a valuable additional tool for expanding the glycoengineering toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory J Knoot
- Omniose, 4340 Duncan Ave, Suite 202, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paeton L Wantuch
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 4990 Children’s Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - David A Rosen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 4990 Children’s Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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5
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Caraway HE, Lau JZ, Maron B, Oh MW, Belo Y, Brill A, Malach E, Ismail N, Hayouka Z, Lau GW. Antimicrobial Random Peptide Mixtures Eradicate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms and Inhibit Mouse Models of Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030413. [PMID: 35326876 PMCID: PMC8944503 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest crises in human medicine. Increased incidents of antibiotic resistance are linked to clinical overuse and overreliance on antibiotics. Among the ESKAPE pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii, especially carbapenem-resistant isolates, has emerged as a significant threat in the context of blood, urinary tract, lung, and wound infections. Therefore, new approaches that limit the emergence of antibiotic resistant A. baumannii are urgently needed. Recently, we have shown that random peptide mixtures (RPMs) are an attractive alternative class of drugs to antibiotics with strong safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. RPMs are antimicrobial peptide mixtures produced by incorporating two amino acids at each coupling step, rendering them extremely diverse but still defined in their overall composition, chain length, and stereochemistry. The extreme diversity of RPMs may prevent bacteria from evolving resistance rapidly. Here, we demonstrated that RPMs rapidly and efficiently kill different strains of A. baumannii, inhibit biofilm formation, and disrupt mature biofilms. Importantly, RPMs attenuated bacterial burden in mouse models of acute pneumonia and soft tissue infection and significantly reduced mouse mortality during sepsis. Collectively, our results demonstrate RPMs have the potential to be used as powerful therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Caraway
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Jonathan Z. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Bar Maron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
| | - Yael Belo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Aya Brill
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel; (B.M.); (Y.B.); (A.B.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (G.W.L.)
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA; (H.E.C.); (J.Z.L.); (M.W.O.)
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (G.W.L.)
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6
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Escobar‐Salom M, Torrens G, Jordana‐Lluch E, Oliver A, Juan C. Mammals' humoral immune proteins and peptides targeting the bacterial envelope: from natural protection to therapeutic applications against multidrug‐resistant
Gram
‐negatives. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1005-1037. [PMID: 35043558 PMCID: PMC9304279 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian innate immunity employs several humoral ‘weapons’ that target the bacterial envelope. The threats posed by the multidrug‐resistant ‘ESKAPE’ Gram‐negative pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) are forcing researchers to explore new therapeutic options, including the use of these immune elements. Here we review bacterial envelope‐targeting (peptidoglycan and/or membrane‐targeting) proteins/peptides of the mammalian immune system that are most likely to have therapeutic applications. Firstly we discuss their general features and protective activity against ESKAPE Gram‐negatives in the host. We then gather, integrate, and discuss recent research on experimental therapeutics harnessing their bactericidal power, based on their exogenous administration and also on the discovery of bacterial and/or host targets that improve the performance of this endogenous immunity, as a novel therapeutic concept. We identify weak points and knowledge gaps in current research in this field and suggest areas for future work to obtain successful envelope‐targeting therapeutic options to tackle the challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Escobar‐Salom
- Department of Microbiology University Hospital Son Espases‐Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) Carretera de Valldemossa 79 Palma Balearic Islands 07010 Spain
| | - Gabriel Torrens
- Department of Microbiology University Hospital Son Espases‐Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) Carretera de Valldemossa 79 Palma Balearic Islands 07010 Spain
| | - Elena Jordana‐Lluch
- Department of Microbiology University Hospital Son Espases‐Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) Carretera de Valldemossa 79 Palma Balearic Islands 07010 Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Department of Microbiology University Hospital Son Espases‐Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) Carretera de Valldemossa 79 Palma Balearic Islands 07010 Spain
| | - Carlos Juan
- Department of Microbiology University Hospital Son Espases‐Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) Carretera de Valldemossa 79 Palma Balearic Islands 07010 Spain
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7
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Chadha J, Harjai K, Chhibber S. Revisiting the virulence hallmarks of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a chronicle through the perspective of quorum sensing. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:2630-2656. [PMID: 34559444 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of mortality among immunocompromised patients in clinical setups. The hallmarks of virulence in P. aeruginosa encompass six biologically competent attributes that cumulatively drive disease progression in a multistep manner. These multifaceted hallmarks lay the principal foundation for rationalizing the complexities of pseudomonal infections. They include factors for host colonization and bacterial motility, biofilm formation, production of destructive enzymes, toxic secondary metabolites, iron-chelating siderophores and toxins. This arsenal of virulence hallmarks is fostered and stringently regulated by the bacterial signalling system called quorum sensing (QS). The central regulatory functions of QS in controlling the timely expression of these virulence hallmarks for adaptation and survival drive the disease outcome. This review describes the intricate mechanisms of QS in P. aeruginosa and its role in shaping bacterial responses, boosting bacterial fitness. We summarize the virulence hallmarks of P. aeruginosa, relating them with the QS circuitry in clinical infections. We also examine the role of QS in the development of drug resistance and propose a novel antivirulence therapy to combat P. aeruginosa infections. This can prove to be a next-generation therapy that may eventually become refractory to the use of conventional antimicrobial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Chadha
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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8
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Kuang Z, Bennett RC, Lin J, Hao Y, Zhu L, Akinbi HT, Lau GW. Surfactant phospholipids act as molecular switches for premature induction of quorum sensing-dependent virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Virulence 2021; 11:1090-1107. [PMID: 32842850 PMCID: PMC7549932 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1809327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The virulence behaviors of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens are governed by quorum-sensing (QS), a hierarchical system of gene regulation that relies on population density by producing and detecting extracellular signaling molecules. Although extensively studied under in vitro conditions, adaptation of QS system to physiologically relevant host environment is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the influence of lung environment on the regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors by QS in a mouse model of acute pneumonia. When cultured under laboratory conditions in lysogeny broth, wild-type P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 began to express QS-regulated virulence factors elastase B (LasB) and rhamnolipids (RhlA) during transition from late-exponential into stationary growth phase. In contrast, during acute pneumonia as well as when cultured in mouse bronchial alveolar lavage fluids (BALF), exponential phase PAO1 bacteria at low population density prematurely expressed QS regulatory genes lasI-lasR and rhlI-rhlR and their downstream virulence genes lasB and rhlA. Further analysis indicated that surfactant phospholipids were the primary components within BALF that induced the synthesis of N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL), which triggered premature expression of LasB and RhlA. Both phenol extraction and phospholipase A2 digestion abolished the ability of mouse BALF to promote LasB and RhlA expression. In contrast, provision of the major surfactant phospholipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) restored the expression of both virulence factors. Collectively, our study demonstrates P. aeruginosa modulates its QS to coordinate the expression of virulence factors during acute pneumonia by recognizing pulmonary surfactant phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou Kuang
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Richard C Bennett
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jingjun Lin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yonghua Hao
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Luchang Zhu
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Henry T Akinbi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children Hospital , Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL, USA
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9
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Willcocks SJ, Denman C, Cia F, McCarthy E, Cuccui J, Wren BW. Virulence of the emerging pathogen, Burkholderia pseudomallei, depends upon the O-linked oligosaccharyltransferase, PglL. Future Microbiol 2021; 15:241-257. [PMID: 32271107 PMCID: PMC7611010 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We sought to characterize the contribution of the O-OTase, PglL, to virulence in two Burkholderia spp. by comparing isogenic mutants in Burkholderia pseudomallei with the related species, Burkholderia thailandensis. Materials & methods We utilized an array of in vitro assays in addition to Galleria mellonella and murine in vivo models to assess virulence of the mutant and wild-type strains in each Burkholderia species. Results We found that pglL contributes to biofilm and twitching motility in both species. PglL uniquely affected morphology; cell invasion; intracellular motility; plaque formation and intergenus competition in B. pseudomallei. This mutant was attenuated in the murine model, and extended survival in a vaccine-challenge experiment. Conclusion Our data support a broad role for pglL in bacterial fitness and virulence, particularly in B. pseudomallei.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Denman
- The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, London, UK
| | - Felipe Cia
- The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, London, UK
| | | | - Jon Cuccui
- The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, London, UK
| | - Brendan W Wren
- The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, London, UK
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10
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Morin CD, Déziel E, Gauthier J, Levesque RC, Lau GW. An Organ System-Based Synopsis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence. Virulence 2021; 12:1469-1507. [PMID: 34180343 PMCID: PMC8237970 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1926408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven in part by its metabolic versatility, high intrinsic antibiotic resistance, and a large repertoire of virulence factors, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is expertly adapted to thrive in a wide variety of environments, and in the process, making it a notorious opportunistic pathogen. Apart from the extensively studied chronic infection in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), P. aeruginosa also causes multiple serious infections encompassing essentially all organs of the human body, among others, lung infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primary ciliary dyskinesia and ventilator-associated pneumonia; bacteremia and sepsis; soft tissue infection in burns, open wounds and postsurgery patients; urinary tract infection; diabetic foot ulcers; chronic suppurative otitis media and otitis externa; and keratitis associated with extended contact lens use. Although well characterized in the context of CF, pathogenic processes mediated by various P. aeruginosa virulence factors in other organ systems remain poorly understood. In this review, we use an organ system-based approach to provide a synopsis of disease mechanisms exerted by P. aeruginosa virulence determinants that contribute to its success as a versatile pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Morin
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff Gauthier
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roger C Levesque
- Département De Microbiologie-infectiologie Et Immunologie, Institut De Biologie Intégrative Et Des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, US
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11
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Bennett RC, Oh MW, Kuo SH, Belo Y, Maron B, Malach E, Lin J, Hayouka Z, Lau GW. Random Peptide Mixtures as Safe and Effective Antimicrobials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA in Mouse Models of Bacteremia and Pneumonia. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:672-680. [PMID: 33650856 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a daunting challenge in modern medicine, and novel approaches that minimize the emergence of resistant pathogens are desperately needed. Antimicrobial peptides are newer therapeutics that attempt to do this; however, they fall short because of low to moderate antimicrobial activity, low protease stability, susceptibility to resistance development, and high cost of production. The recently developed random peptide mixtures (RPMs) are promising alternatives. RPMs are synthesized by incorporating a defined proportion of two amino acids at each coupling step rather than just one, making them highly variable but still defined in their overall composition, chain length, and stereochemistry. Because RPMs have extreme diversity, it is unlikely that bacteria would be capable of rapidly evolving resistance. However, their efficacy against pathogens in animal models of human infectious diseases remained uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrated that RPMs have strong safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. RPMs rapidly killed both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus efficiently and disrupted preformed biofilms by both pathogens. Importantly, RPMs were efficacious against both pathogens in mouse models of bacteremia and acute pneumonia. Our results demonstrate that RPMs are potent broad-spectrum therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Bennett
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Myung Whan Oh
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Shanny Hsuan Kuo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Yael Belo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Bar Maron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Einav Malach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jingjun Lin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Zvi Hayouka
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gee W. Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
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12
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Madaha EL, Mienie C, Gonsu HK, Bughe RN, Fonkoua MC, Mbacham WF, Alayande KA, Bezuidenhout CC, Ateba CN. Whole-genome sequence of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains UY1PSABAL and UY1PSABAL2 isolated from human broncho-alveolar lavage, Yaoundé, Cameroon. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238390. [PMID: 32886694 PMCID: PMC7473557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been implicated in a wide range of post-operation wound and lung infections. A wide range of acquired resistance and virulence markers indicate surviving strategy of P. aeruginosa. Complete-genome analysis has been identified as efficient approach towards understanding the pathogenicity of this organism. This study was designed to sequence the entire genome of P. aeruginosa UY1PSABAL and UY1PSABAL2; determine drug-resistance profiles and virulence factors of the isolates; assess factors that contribute toward stability of the genomes; and thereafter determine evolutionary relationships between the strains and other isolates from similar sources. The genomes of the MDR P. aeruginosa UY1PSABAL and UY1PSABAL2 were sequenced on the Illumina Miseq platform. The raw sequenced reads were assessed for quality using FastQC v.0.11.5 and filtered for low quality reads and adapter regions using Trimmomatic v.0.36. The de novo genome assembly was made with SPAdes v.3.13 and annotated using Prokka v.2.1.1 annotation pipeline; Rapid Annotation using Subsytems Technology (RAST) server v.2.0; and PATRIC annotation tool v.3.6.2. Antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence determinants were searched through the functional annotation data generated from Prokka, RAST and PATRIC annotation pipelines; In addition to ResFinder and Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) which were employed to determine resistance genes. The PHAge Search Tool Enhanced Release (PHASTER) web server was used for the rapid identification and annotation of prophage sequences within bacterial genome. Predictive secondary metabolites were identified with AntiSMASH v.5.0. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and cas genes regions were also investigated with the CRISPRone and CRISPRFinder server. The genome sizes of 7.0 and 6.4 Mb were determined for UY1PSABAL and UY1PSABAL2 strains with G+C contents of 66.1% and 66.48% respectively. β-lactamines resistance genes blaPAO, aminoglycoside phosphorylating enzymes genes aph(3')-IIb, fosfomycine resistance gene fosA, vancomycin vanW and tetracycline tetA were among identified resistance genes harboured in both isolates. UY1PSABAL bore additional aph(6)-Id, aph(3'')-Ib, ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme crpP and ribosomal methylation enzyme rmtB. Both isolates were found harbouring virulence markers such as flagella and type IV pili; and also present various type III secretion systems such as exoA, exoS, exoU, exoT. Secondary metabolites such as pyochelin and pyoverdine with iron uptake activity were found within the genomes as well as quorum-sensing systems, and various fragments for prophages and insertion sequences. Only the UY1PSABAL2 contains CRISPR-Cas system. The phylogeny revealed a very close evolutionary relationship between UY1PSABAL and the similar strain isolated from Malaysia; the same trend was observed between UY1PSABAL2 and the strain from Chinese origin. Complete analyses of the entire genomes provide a wide range of information towards understanding pathogenicity of the pathogens in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Longla Madaha
- Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Bacteriology Service, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Charlotte Mienie
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Hortense Kamga Gonsu
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rhoda Nsen Bughe
- Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Wilfred Fon Mbacham
- Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kazeem Adekunle Alayande
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | | | - Collins Njie Ateba
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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13
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Whole genome sequencing of Entamoeba nuttalli reveals mammalian host-related molecular signatures and a novel octapeptide-repeat surface protein. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007923. [PMID: 31805050 PMCID: PMC6917348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The enteric protozoa Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, which is one of the most common parasitic diseases in developed and developing countries. Entamoeba nuttalli is the genetically closest species to E. histolytica in current phylogenetic analyses of Entamoeba species, and is prevalent in wild macaques. Therefore, E. nuttalli may be a key organism in which to investigate molecules required for infection of human or non-human primates. To explore the molecular signatures of host-parasite interactions, we conducted de novo assembly of the E. nuttalli genome, utilizing self-correction of PacBio long reads and polishing corrected reads using Illumina short reads, followed by comparative genomic analysis with two other mammalian and a reptilian Entamoeba species. The final draft assembly of E. nuttalli included 395 contigs with a total length of approximately 23 Mb, and 9,647 predicted genes, of which 6,940 were conserved with E. histolytica. In addition, we found an E. histolytica-specific repeat known as ERE2 in the E. nuttalli genome. GO-term enrichment analysis of mammalian host-related molecules indicated diversification of transmembrane proteins, including AIG1 family and BspA-like proteins that may be involved in the host-parasite interaction. Furthermore, we identified an E. nuttalli-specific protein that contained 42 repeats of an octapeptide ([G,E]KPTDTPS). This protein was shown to be localized on the cell surface using immunofluorescence. Since many repeat-containing proteins in parasites play important roles in interactions with host cells, this unique octapeptide repeat-containing protein may be involved in colonization of E. nuttalli in the intestine of macaques. Overall, our draft assembly provides a valuable resource for studying Entamoeba evolution and host-parasite selection.
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14
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Sameni N, Shahbeik M, Dabiri H. Investigating the Presence of Type IV Pilin Subgenus in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Clinical and Non-Clinical Samples. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.30699/ijmm.13.3.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Maurice NM, Bedi B, Sadikot RT. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms: Host Response and Clinical Implications in Lung Infections. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 58:428-439. [PMID: 29372812 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0321tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major health challenge that causes recalcitrant multidrug-resistant infections, especially in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. P. aeruginosa is an important cause of nosocomial and ventilator-associated pneumonia characterized by high prevalence and fatality rates. P. aeruginosa also causes chronic lung infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Multidrug- and totally drug-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa are increasing threats that contribute to high mortality in these patients. The pathogenesis of many P. aeruginosa infections depends on its ability to form biofilms, structured bacterial communities that can coat mucosal surfaces or invasive devices. These biofilms make conditions more favorable for bacterial persistence, as embedded bacteria are inherently more difficult to eradicate than planktonic bacteria. The molecular mechanisms that underlie P. aeruginosa biofilm pathogenesis and the host response to P. aeruginosa biofilms remain to be fully defined. However, it is known that biofilms offer protection from the host immune response and are also extremely recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, development of novel therapeutic strategies specifically aimed at biofilms is urgently needed. Here, we review the host response, key clinical implications of P. aeruginosa biofilms, and novel therapeutic approaches to treat biofilms relevant to lung infections. Greater understanding of P. aeruginosa biofilms will elucidate novel avenues to improve outcomes for P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Maurice
- 1 Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; and.,2 Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- 1 Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; and
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- 1 Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; and.,2 Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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16
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Li Y, Cao S, Zhang L, Yuan J, Zhao Q, Wen Y, Wu R, Huang X, Yan Q, Huang Y, Ma X, Han X, Miao C, Wen X. A requirement of TolC1 for effective survival, colonization and pathogenicity of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Microb Pathog 2019; 134:103596. [PMID: 31212036 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To establish infection in the host, pathogens have evolved sophisticated systems to cope with environmental conditions and to protect cells against host immunity. TolC is the outer membrane channel component of type 1 secretion systems and multidrug efflux pumps that plays critical roles during the infection process in many pathogens. However, little is known about the exact roles of TolC1 in the pathogenicity of A. pleuropneumoniae, an etiological agent of the porcine contagious pleuropneumoniae that causes severe respiratory disease. In this study, deletion of tolC1 causes apparent ultrastructural defects in A. pleuropneumoniae cell examined by transmission electron microscopy. The tolC1 mutant is hypersensitivity to oxidative, osmotic and acid challenges by in vitro stress assays. Analysis on secreted proteins shows that the excretion of ApxIIA and an ApxIVA-like protein, ApxIVA-S, is abolished in the absence of TolC1. This result confirms the essential role of TolC1 in the secretion of Apx toxins and this is the first identification of an ApxIVA-like protein in in vitro culture of A. pleuropneumoniae. Besides, disruption of TolC1 leads to a significant attenuation of virulence in mice by an intraperitoneal route of A. pleuropneumoniae. The basis for the attenuation is further investigated using a mouse intranasal infection model, which reveals an impaired ability to colonize and induce lesions in the lungs for the loss of TolC1 of A. pleuropneumoniae. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate significant roles of TolC1 in facilitating bacterial survival in hostile conditions, maximum colonization as well as pathogenicity during the infection of A. pleuropneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, No. 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Luhua Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, No. 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianlin Yuan
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qigui Yan
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinfeng Han
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Miao
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xintian Wen
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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17
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Abstract
Type IV pilus (T4P)-like systems have been identified in almost every major phylum of prokaryotic life. They include the type IVa pilus (T4aP), type II secretion system (T2SS), type IVb pilus (T4bP), Tad/Flp pilus, Com pilus, and archaeal flagellum (archaellum). These systems are used for adhesion, natural competence, phage adsorption, folded-protein secretion, surface sensing, swimming motility, and twitching motility. The T4aP allows for all of these functions except swimming and is therefore a good model system for understanding T4P-like systems. Recent structural analyses have revolutionized our understanding of how the T4aP machinery assembles and functions. Here we review the structure and function of the T4aP.
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18
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Daum B, Gold V. Twitch or swim: towards the understanding of prokaryotic motion based on the type IV pilus blueprint. Biol Chem 2019; 399:799-808. [PMID: 29894297 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria and archaea are evolutionarily distinct prokaryotes that diverged from a common ancestor billions of years ago. However, both bacteria and archaea assemble long, helical protein filaments on their surface through a machinery that is conserved at its core. In both domains of life, the filaments are required for a diverse array of important cellular processes including cell motility, adhesion, communication and biofilm formation. In this review, we highlight the recent structures of both the type IV pilus machinery and the archaellum determined in situ. We describe the current level of functional understanding and discuss how this relates to the pressures facing bacteria and archaea throughout evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Daum
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.,College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Vicki Gold
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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19
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Fulton KM, Li J, Tomas JM, Smith JC, Twine SM. Characterizing bacterial glycoproteins with LC-MS. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:203-216. [PMID: 29400572 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1435276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Though eukaryotic glycoproteins have been studied since their discovery in the 1930s, the first bacterial glycoprotein was not identified until the 1970s. As a result, their role in bacterial pathogenesis is still not well understood and they remain an understudied component of bacterial virulence. In recent years, mass spectrometry has emerged as a leading technology for the study of bacterial glycoproteins, largely due to its sensitivity and versatility. Areas covered: Identification and comprehensive characterization of bacterial glycoproteins usually requires multiple complementary mass spectrometry approaches, including intact protein analysis, top-down analysis, and bottom-up methods used in combination with specialized liquid chromatography. This review provides an overview of liquid chromatography separation technologies, as well as current and emerging mass spectrometry approaches used specifically for bacterial glycoprotein identification and characterization. Expert commentary: Bacterial glycoproteins may have significant clinical utility as a result of their unique structures and exposure on the surface of the cells. Better understanding of these glycoconjugates is an essential first step towards that goal. These often unique structures, and by extension the key enzymes involved in their synthesis, represent promising targets for novel antimicrobials, while unique carbohydrate structures may be used as antigens in vaccines or as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Fulton
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Jianjun Li
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Juan M Tomas
- b Departament de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biologia , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jeffrey C Smith
- c Department of Chemistry , Carleton University , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Susan M Twine
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
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20
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Glycosylation of hemocyanin in Litopenaeus vannamei is an antibacterial response feature. Immunol Lett 2017; 192:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa defends against phages through type IV pilus glycosylation. Nat Microbiol 2017; 3:47-52. [DOI: 10.1038/s41564-017-0061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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22
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Li Y, Cao S, Zhang L, Yuan J, Yang Y, Zhu Z, Wen Y, Wu R, Zhao Q, Huang X, Yan Q, Huang Y, Ma X, Wen X. TolC2 is required for the resistance, colonization and virulence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1170-1176. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Luhua Zhang
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, No. 319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jianlin Yuan
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qigui Yan
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yong Huang
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xintian Wen
- Research Center of Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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23
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Vieira F, Kung JW, Bhatti F. Structure, genetics and function of the pulmonary associated surfactant proteins A and D: The extra-pulmonary role of these C type lectins. Ann Anat 2017; 211:184-201. [PMID: 28351530 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The collectins family encompasses several collagenous Ca2+-dependent defense lectins that are described as pathogen recognition molecules. They play an important role in both adaptive and innate immunity. Surfactant proteins A and D are two of these proteins which were initially discovered in association with surfactant in the pulmonary system. The structure, immune and inflammatory functions, and genetic variations have been well described in relation to their roles, function and pathophysiology in the pulmonary system. Subsequently, these proteins have been discovered in a wide range of other organs and organ systems. The role of these proteins outside the pulmonary system is currently an active area of research. This review intends to provide a current overview of the genetics, structure and extra-pulmonary functions of the surfactant collectin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Vieira
- Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
| | - Johannes W Kung
- Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
| | - Faizah Bhatti
- Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Oklahoma Center for Neurosciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
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24
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Piepenbrink KH, Lillehoj E, Harding CM, Labonte JW, Zuo X, Rapp CA, Munson RS, Goldblum SE, Feldman MF, Gray JJ, Sundberg EJ. Structural Diversity in the Type IV Pili of Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22924-22935. [PMID: 27634041 PMCID: PMC5087714 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.751099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus found primarily in hospital settings that has recently emerged as a source of hospital-acquired infections. A. baumannii expresses a variety of virulence factors, including type IV pili, bacterial extracellular appendages often essential for attachment to host cells. Here, we report the high resolution structures of the major pilin subunit, PilA, from three Acinetobacter strains, demonstrating that A. baumannii subsets produce morphologically distinct type IV pilin glycoproteins. We examine the consequences of this heterogeneity for protein folding and assembly as well as host-cell adhesion by Acinetobacter Comparisons of genomic and structural data with pilin proteins from other species of soil gammaproteobacteria suggest that these structural differences stem from evolutionary pressure that has resulted in three distinct classes of type IVa pilins, each found in multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian M Harding
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Jason W Labonte
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Xiaotong Zuo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | | | - Robert S Munson
- The Center for Microbial Pathogenesis in the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, and
| | - Simeon E Goldblum
- Departments of Medicine.,Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.,Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Mario F Feldman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Jeffrey J Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- From the Institute of Human Virology and .,Departments of Medicine.,Microbiology and Immunology
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Abstract
There is an ongoing race between bacterial evolution and medical advances. Pathogens have the advantages of short generation times and horizontal gene transfer that enable rapid adaptation to new host environments and therapeutics that currently outpaces clinical research. Antibiotic resistance, the growing impact of nosocomial infections, cancer-causing bacteria, the risk of zoonosis, and the possibility of biowarfare all emphasize the increasingly urgent need for medical research focussed on bacterial pathogens. Bacterial glycoproteins are promising targets for alternative therapeutic intervention since they are often surface exposed, involved in host-pathogen interactions, required for virulence, and contain distinctive glycan structures. The potential exists to exploit these unique structures to improve clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Translation of the potential in this field to actual clinical impact is an exciting prospect for fighting infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Fulton
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Jeffrey C Smith
- b Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry , Carleton University , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Susan M Twine
- a Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio , National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
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Rybtke M, Hultqvist LD, Givskov M, Tolker-Nielsen T. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infections: Community Structure, Antimicrobial Tolerance and Immune Response. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:3628-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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