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Zhou C, Gao P, Wang J. Comprehensive Analysis of Microbiome, Metabolome, and Transcriptome Revealed the Mechanisms of Intestinal Injury in Rainbow Trout under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108569. [PMID: 37239914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming is one of the most common environmental challenges faced by cold-water fish farming. Intestinal barrier function, gut microbiota, and gut microbial metabolites are significantly altered under heat stress, posing serious obstacles to the healthy artificial culture of rainbow trout. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal injury in rainbow trout under heat stress remain unclear. In the present study, the optimal growth temperature for rainbow trout (16 °C) was used for the control group, and the maximum temperature tolerated by rainbow trout (24 °C) was used for the heat stress group, which was subjected to heat stress for 21 days. The mechanism of intestinal injury in rainbow trout under heat stress was explored by combining animal histology, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity of rainbow trout was enhanced under heat stress, the levels of stress-related hormones were significantly increased, and the relative expression of genes related to heat stress proteins was significantly increased, indicating that the heat stress model of rainbow trout was successfully established. Secondly, the intestinal tract of rainbow trout showed inflammatory pathological characteristics under heat stress, with increased permeability, activation of the inflammatory factor signaling pathway, and increased relative expression of inflammatory factor genes, suggesting that the intestinal barrier function was impaired. Thirdly, heat stress caused an imbalance of intestinal commensal microbiota and changes in intestinal metabolites in rainbow trout, which participated in the stress response mainly by affecting lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Finally, heat stress promoted intestinal injury in rainbow trout by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α signaling pathway. These results not only expand the understanding of fish stress physiology and regulation mechanisms, but also provide a scientific basis for healthy artificial culture and the reduction of rainbow trout production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Grassland Agriculture Engineering Center, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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2
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Ragon M, Bertheau L, Dumont J, Bellanger T, Grosselin M, Basu M, Pourcelot E, Horrigue W, Denimal E, Marin A, Vaucher B, Berland A, Lepoivre C, Dupont S, Beney L, Davey H, Guyot S. The Yin-Yang of the Green Fluorescent Protein: Impact on Saccharomyces cerevisiae stress resistance. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112603. [PMID: 36459911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although fluorescent proteins are widely used as biomarkers (Yin), no study focuses on their influence on the microbial stress response. Here, the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) was fused to two proteins of interest in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pab1p and Sur7p, respectively involved in stress granules structure and in Can1 membrane domains. These were chosen since questions remain regarding the understanding of the behavior of S. cerevisiae facing different heat kinetics or oxidative stresses. The main results showed that Pab1p-GFP fluorescent mutant displayed a higher resistance than that of the wild type under a heat shock. Moreover, fluorescent mutants exposed to oxidative stresses displayed changes in the cultivability compared to the wild type strain. In silico approaches showed that the presence of the GFP did not influence the structure and so the functionality of the tagged proteins meaning that changes in yeast resistance were certainly related to GFP ROS-scavenging ability (Yang).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Ragon
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lucie Bertheau
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jennifer Dumont
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Tiffany Bellanger
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Grosselin
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mohini Basu
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Eléonore Pourcelot
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Walid Horrigue
- UMR Agroécologie Équipe Biocom, INRAE Dijon, Institut Agro, 26 Bd Dr Petitjean, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuel Denimal
- Institut Agro Dijon, Direction Scientifique, Appui à la Recherche, 26 Bd Dr Petitjean, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Ambroise Marin
- Plateau Technique d'IMagerie Spectroscopique (PIMS), DImaCell Platform Université de Bourgogne - INRAE, Dijon, France
| | - Basile Vaucher
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Antoine Berland
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Corentin Lepoivre
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Beney
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Hazel Davey
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphane Guyot
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut Agro, PAM UMR A 02.102, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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3
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Schink SJ, Gough Z, Biselli E, Huiman MG, Chang YF, Basan M, Gerland U. MetA is a "thermal fuse" that inhibits growth and protects Escherichia coli at elevated temperatures. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111290. [PMID: 36044860 PMCID: PMC10477958 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive stress resistance in microbes is mostly attributed to the expression of stress response genes, including heat-shock proteins. Here, we report a response of E. coli to heat stress caused by degradation of an enzyme in the methionine biosynthesis pathway (MetA). While MetA degradation can inhibit growth, which by itself is detrimental for fitness, we show that it directly benefits survival at temperatures exceeding 50°C, increasing survival chances by more than 1,000-fold. Using both experiments and mathematical modeling, we show quantitatively how protein expression, degradation rates, and environmental stressors cause long-term growth inhibition in otherwise habitable conditions. Because growth inhibition can be abolished with simple mutations, namely point mutations of MetA and protease knockouts, we interpret the breakdown of methionine synthesis as a system that has evolved to halt growth at high temperatures, analogous to "thermal fuses" in engineering that shut off electricity to prevent overheating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin J Schink
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Physics of Complex Biosystems, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Zara Gough
- Physics of Complex Biosystems, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Elena Biselli
- Physics of Complex Biosystems, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mariel Garcia Huiman
- Physics of Complex Biosystems, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Yu-Fang Chang
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Markus Basan
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ulrich Gerland
- Physics of Complex Biosystems, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Abstract
Water is the cellular milieu, drives all biochemistry within Earth's biosphere and facilitates microbe-mediated decay processes. Instead of reviewing these topics, the current article focuses on the activities of water as a preservative-its capacity to maintain the long-term integrity and viability of microbial cells-and identifies the mechanisms by which this occurs. Water provides for, and maintains, cellular structures; buffers against thermodynamic extremes, at various scales; can mitigate events that are traumatic to the cell membrane, such as desiccation-rehydration, freeze-thawing and thermal shock; prevents microbial dehydration that can otherwise exacerbate oxidative damage; mitigates against biocidal factors (in some circumstances reducing ultraviolet radiation and diluting solute stressors or toxic substances); and is effective at electrostatic screening so prevents damage to the cell by the intense electrostatic fields of some ions. In addition, the water retained in desiccated cells (historically referred to as 'bound' water) plays key roles in biomacromolecular structures and their interactions even for fully hydrated cells. Assuming that the components of the cell membrane are chemically stable or at least repairable, and the environment is fairly constant, water molecules can apparently maintain membrane geometries over very long periods provided these configurations represent thermodynamically stable states. The spores and vegetative cells of many microbes survive longer in the presence of vapour-phase water (at moderate-to-high relative humidities) than under more-arid conditions. There are several mechanisms by which large bodies of water, when cooled during subzero weather conditions remain in a liquid state thus preventing potentially dangerous (freeze-thaw) transitions for their microbiome. Microbial life can be preserved in pure water, freshwater systems, seawater, brines, ice/permafrost, sugar-rich aqueous milieux and vapour-phase water according to laboratory-based studies carried out over periods of years to decades and some natural environments that have yielded cells that are apparently thousands, or even (for hypersaline fluid inclusions of mineralized NaCl) hundreds of millions, of years old. The term preservative has often been restricted to those substances used to extend the shelf life of foods (e.g. sodium benzoate, nitrites and sulphites) or those used to conserve dead organisms, such as ethanol or formaldehyde. For living microorganisms however, the ultimate preservative may actually be water. Implications of this role are discussed with reference to the ecology of halophiles, human pathogens and other microbes; food science; biotechnology; biosignatures for life and other aspects of astrobiology; and the large-scale release/reactivation of preserved microbes caused by global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Hallsworth
- Institute for Global Food SecuritySchool of Biological SciencesQueen’s University Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfastBT9 5DLUK
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5
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MnSOD functions as a thermoreceptor activated by low temperature. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 229:111745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Vitorino Carvalho A, Hennequet-Antier C, Brionne A, Crochet S, Jimenez J, Couroussé N, Collin A, Coustham V. Embryonic thermal manipulation impacts the postnatal transcriptome response of heat-challenged Japanese quails. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:488. [PMID: 34193035 PMCID: PMC8243606 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thermal-manipulation (TM) during egg incubation is a cyclic exposure to hot or cold temperatures during embryogenesis that is associated to long-lasting effects on growth performance, physiology, metabolism and temperature tolerance in birds. An increase of the incubation temperature of Japanese quail eggs affected the embryonic and post-hatch survival, growth, surface temperatures and blood characteristics potentially related to thermoregulation capacities. To gain new insights in the molecular basis of TM in quails, we investigated by RNA-seq the hypothalamus transcriptome of 35 days-old male and female quails that were treated by TM or not (C, control) during embryogenesis and that were exposed (HC) or not (RT) to a 36 °C heat challenge for 7 h before sampling. RESULTS For males, 76, 27, 47 and 0 genes were differentially expressed in the CHC vs. CRT, CRT vs. TMRT, TMHC vs. TMRT and CHC vs. TMHC comparisons, respectively. For females, 17, 0, 342 and 1 genes were differentially expressed within the same respective comparisons. Inter-individual variability of gene expression response was observed particularly when comparing RT and HC female animals. The differential expression of several genes was corroborated by RT-qPCR analysis. Gene Ontology functional analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed a prevalent enrichment of terms related to cellular responses to stimuli and gene expression regulation in both sexes. Gene Ontology terms related to the membrane transport, the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial functions as well as DNA metabolism and repair were also identified in specific comparisons and sexes. CONCLUSIONS TM had little to no effect on the regulation of gene expression in the hypothalamus of 35 days-old Japanese quails. However, the consequences of TM on gene expression were revealed by the HC, with sex-specific and common functions altered. The effects of the HC on gene expression were most prominent in TM females with a ~ 20-fold increase of the number of differentially expressed genes, suggesting that TM may enhance the gene response during challenging conditions in female quail hypothalamus. TM may also promote new cellular strategies in females to help coping to the adverse conditions as illustrated by the identification of differentially expressed genes related to the mitochondrial and heat-response functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vitorino Carvalho
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France
- IFCE, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Tours, PRC, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Aurélien Brionne
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France
- INRAE, LPGP, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Sabine Crochet
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Anne Collin
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Vincent Coustham
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, INRAE, NUMEA, E2S UPPA, 64310, Saint- Pée-sur-Nivelle, France.
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7
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 34204152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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8
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6119. [PMID: 34204152 PMCID: PMC8201344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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9
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Martínez-Matías N, Chorna N, González-Crespo S, Villanueva L, Montes-Rodríguez I, Melendez-Aponte LM, Roche-Lima A, Carrasquillo-Carrión K, Santiago-Cartagena E, Rymond BC, Babu M, Stagljar I, Rodríguez-Medina JR. Toward the discovery of biological functions associated with the mechanosensor Mtl1p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae via integrative multi-OMICs analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7411. [PMID: 33795741 PMCID: PMC8016984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86671-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional analysis of the Mtl1 protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed that this transmembrane sensor endows yeast cells with resistance to oxidative stress through a signaling mechanism called the cell wall integrity pathway (CWI). We observed upregulation of multiple heat shock proteins (HSPs), proteins associated with the formation of stress granules, and the phosphatase subunit of trehalose 6-phosphate synthase which suggests that mtl1Δ strains undergo intrinsic activation of a non-lethal heat stress response. Furthermore, quantitative global proteomic analysis conducted on TMT-labeled proteins combined with metabolome analysis revealed that mtl1Δ strains exhibit decreased levels of metabolites of carboxylic acid metabolism, decreased expression of anabolic enzymes and increased expression of catabolic enzymes involved in the metabolism of amino acids, with enhanced expression of mitochondrial respirasome proteins. These observations support the idea that Mtl1 protein controls the suppression of a non-lethal heat stress response under normal conditions while it plays an important role in metabolic regulatory mechanisms linked to TORC1 signaling that are required to maintain cellular homeostasis and optimal mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Martínez-Matías
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Nataliya Chorna
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Sahily González-Crespo
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Lilliam Villanueva
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Ingrid Montes-Rodríguez
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico Medical Center, Rio Piedras, PR 00936-3027 USA
| | - Loyda M. Melendez-Aponte
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Abiel Roche-Lima
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo-Carrión
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Ednalise Santiago-Cartagena
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
| | - Brian C. Rymond
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
| | - Mohan Babu
- grid.57926.3f0000 0004 1936 9131Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Igor Stagljar
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Donnelly Centre, Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1 Canada ,grid.482535.d0000 0004 4663 8413Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences, Split, Croatia
| | - José R. Rodríguez-Medina
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067 USA
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10
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Waqas MS, Elabasy ASS, Shoaib AAZ, Cheng X, Zhang Q, Shi Z. Lethal and sublethal effect of heat shock on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). J Therm Biol 2020; 92:102679. [PMID: 32888575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is an important abiotic environmental factor, and is responsible for various kinds of behavioral and physiological changes in living organisms. Induced heat shock is associated with feeding behaviour, reproduction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that causes oxidative damage. In this experiment, we examined the lethal and sublethal effects of heat shock on reproduction, feeding behaviour and antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD) in P. solenopsis. Results showed that males were highly susceptible to heat shock treatments than females, as LTemp50 values were 43.8 °C for males and 45.11 °C for females. Heat shock events non-significantly affected the fecundity in female only treated adults and significantly affected the both sexes heat treated adults, it increased the xylem feeding duration, percentage of xylem feeding adults and reduce the phloem feeding duration and percentage of phloem feeding adults. Similarly it alter the antioxidant enzymes activities, an increase of CAT, SOD and POD activities were noticed in response to highest intensity of heat shock while a reduction of CAT and SOD activity were noticed in response to lowest intensity of heat shock compared to control (30 °C). These results suggest that heat shock may result in loss of body water and induce oxidative stress in P. solenopsis. However, antioxidant enzymes play a significant role in overcoming the oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Waqas
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Asem Saad Saad Elabasy
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Pesticides, Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Ali Ahmed Zaky Shoaib
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Pesticides, Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Xinlai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Anggarini S, Murata M, Kido K, Kosaka T, Sootsuwan K, Thanonkeo P, Yamada M. Improvement of Thermotolerance of Zymomonas mobilis by Genes for Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging Enzymes and Heat Shock Proteins. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3073. [PMID: 32082264 PMCID: PMC7002363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermotolerant genes, which are essential for survival at a high temperature, have been identified in three mesophilic microbes, including Zymomonas mobilis. Contrary to expectation, they include only a few genes for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes and heat shock proteins, which are assumed to play key roles at a critical high temperature (CHT) as an upper limit of survival. We thus examined the effects of increased expression of these genes on the cell growth of Z. mobilis strains at its CHT. When overexpressed, most of the genes increased the CHT by about one degree, and some of them enhanced tolerance against acetic acid. These findings suggest that ROS-damaged molecules or unfolded proteins that prevent cell growth are accumulated in cells at the CHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakunda Anggarini
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kido
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kosaka
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kaewta Sootsuwan
- Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Kalasin, Thailand
| | - Pornthap Thanonkeo
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Mamoru Yamada
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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12
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Xu K, Gao L, Hassan JU, Zhao Z, Li C, Huo YX, Liu G. Improving the thermo-tolerance of yeast base on the antioxidant defense system. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Sun H, Jia H, Li J, Feng X, Liu Y, Zhou X, Li C. Rational synthetic combination genetic devices boosting high temperature ethanol fermentation. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2017; 2:121-129. [PMID: 29062969 PMCID: PMC5636948 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and production of yeast in the industrial fermentation are seriously restrained by heat stress and exacerbated by heat induced oxidative stress. In this study, a novel synthetic biology approach was developed to globally boost the viability and production ability of S. cerevisiae at high temperature through rationally designing and combing heat shock protein (HSP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genetic devices to ultimately synergistically alleviate both heat stress and oxidative stress. HSP and SOD from extremophiles were constructed to be different genetic devices and they were preliminary screened by heat resistant experiments and anti-oxidative experiments, respectively. Then in order to customize and further improve thermotolerance of S. cerevisiae, the HSP genetic device and SOD genetic device were rationally combined. The results show the simply assemble of the same function genetic devices to solve heat stress or oxidative stress could not enhance the thermotolerance considerably. Only S. cerevisiae with the combination genetic device (FBA1p-sod-MB4-FBA1p-shsp-HB8) solving both stress showed 250% better thermotolerance than the control and displayed further 55% enhanced cell density compared with the strains with single FBA1p-sod-MB4 or FBA1p-shsp-HB8 at 42 °C. Then the most excellent combination genetic device was introduced into lab S. cerevisiae and industrial S. cerevisiae for ethanol fermentation. The ethanol yields of the two strains were increased by 20.6% and 26.3% compared with the control under high temperature, respectively. These results indicate synergistically defensing both heat stress and oxidative stress is absolutely necessary to enhance the thermotolerance and production of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haiyang Jia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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14
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Mejía-Barajas JA, Montoya-Pérez R, Salgado-Garciglia R, Aguilera-Aguirre L, Cortés-Rojo C, Mejía-Zepeda R, Arellano-Plaza M, Saavedra-Molina A. Oxidative stress and antioxidant response in a thermotolerant yeast. Braz J Microbiol 2017; 48:326-332. [PMID: 28094115 PMCID: PMC5470443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress tolerance is a key attribute that must be considered when using yeast cells for industrial applications. High temperature is one factor that can cause stress in yeast. High environmental temperature in particular may exert a natural selection pressure to evolve yeasts into thermotolerant strains. In the present study, three yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, MC4, and Kluyveromyces marxianus, OFF1 and SLP1) isolated from hot environments were exposed to increased temperatures and were then compared with a laboratory yeast strain. Their resistance to high temperature, oxidative stress, and antioxidant response were evaluated, along with the fatty acid composition of their cell membranes. The SLP1 strain showed a higher specific growth rate, biomass yield, and biomass volumetric productivity while also showing lower duplication time, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the SLP1 strain demonstrated more catalase activity after temperature was increased, and this strain also showed membranes enriched in saturated fatty acids. It is concluded that the SLP1 yeast strain is a thermotolerant yeast with less oxidative stress and a greater antioxidant response. Therefore, this strain could be used for fermentation at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Mejía-Barajas
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | - Rafael Salgado-Garciglia
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | | | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | - Ricardo Mejía-Zepeda
- Universidade Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, FES Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Melchor Arellano-Plaza
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Morelia, Mich., Mexico.
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15
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Day M. Yeast petites and small colony variants: for everything there is a season. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 85:1-41. [PMID: 23942147 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407672-3.00001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The yeast petite mutant was first found in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The colony is small because of a block in the aerobic respiratory chain pathway, which generates ATP. The petite yeasts are thus unable to grow on nonfermentable carbon sources (such as glycerol or ethanol), and form small anaerobic-sized colonies when grown in the presence of fermentable carbon sources (such as glucose). The petite phenotype results from mutations in the mitochondrial genome, loss of mitochondria, or mutations in the host cell genome. The latter mutations affect nuclear-encoded genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and these mutants are termed neutral petites. They all produce wild-type progeny when crossed with a wild-type strain. The staphylococcal small colony variant (SCV) is a slow-growing mutant that typically exhibits the loss of many phenotypic characteristics and pathogenic traits. SCVs are mostly small, nonpigmented, and nonhaemolytic. Their small size is often due to an inability to synthesize electron transport chain components and so cannot generate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Evidence suggests that they are responsible for persistent and/or recurrent infections. This chapter compares the physiological and genetic basis of the petite mutants and SCVs. The review focuses principally on two representatives, the eukaryote S. cerevisiae and the prokaryote Staphylococcus aureus. There is, clearly, commonality in the physiological response. Interestingly, the similarity, based on their physiological states, has not been commented on previously. The finding of an overlapping physiological response that occurs across a taxonomic divide is novel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Day
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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16
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Bhardwaj M, Paul S, Jakhar R, Kang SC. Potential role of vitexin in alleviating heat stress-induced cytotoxicity: Regulatory effect of Hsp90 on ER stress-mediated autophagy. Life Sci 2015; 142:36-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Molon M, Zadrag-Tecza R. Effect of temperature on replicative aging of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biogerontology 2015; 17:347-57. [PMID: 26481919 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in gerontological studies was based on the assumption that the reproduction limit of a single cell (replicative aging) is a consequence of accumulation of a hypothetical universal "senescence factor" within the mother cell. However, some evidence suggests that molecules or structures proposed as the "aging factor", such as rDNA circles, oxidatively damaged proteins (with carbonyl groups) or mitochondria, have little effect on replicative lifespan of yeast cells. Our results also suggest that protein aggregates associated with Hsp104, treated as a marker of yeast aging, do not seem to affect the numeric value of replicative lifespan of yeast. What these results indicate, however, is the need for finding a different way of expressing age and longevity of yeast cells instead of the commonly used number of daughters produced over units of time, as in the case of other organisms. In this paper, we show that the temperature has a stronger influence on the time of life (the total lifespan) than on the reproductive potential of yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Molon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Renata Zadrag-Tecza
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601, Rzeszow, Poland
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18
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Yang X, Shen Y, Garre E, Hao X, Krumlinde D, Cvijović M, Arens C, Nyström T, Liu B, Sunnerhagen P. Stress granule-defective mutants deregulate stress responsive transcripts. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004763. [PMID: 25375155 PMCID: PMC4222700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To reduce expression of gene products not required under stress conditions, eukaryotic cells form large and complex cytoplasmic aggregates of RNA and proteins (stress granules; SGs), where transcripts are kept translationally inert. The overall composition of SGs, as well as their assembly requirements and regulation through stress-activated signaling pathways remain largely unknown. We have performed a genome-wide screen of S. cerevisiae gene deletion mutants for defects in SG formation upon glucose starvation stress. The screen revealed numerous genes not previously implicated in SG formation. Most mutants with strong phenotypes are equally SG defective when challenged with other stresses, but a considerable fraction is stress-specific. Proteins associated with SG defects are enriched in low-complexity regions, indicating that multiple weak macromolecule interactions are responsible for the structural integrity of SGs. Certain SG-defective mutants, but not all, display an enhanced heat-induced mutation rate. We found several mutations affecting the Ran GTPase, regulating nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNA and proteins, to confer SG defects. Unexpectedly, we found stress-regulated transcripts to reach more extreme levels in mutants unable to form SGs: stress-induced mRNAs accumulate to higher levels than in the wild-type, whereas stress-repressed mRNAs are reduced further in such mutants. Our findings are consistent with the view that, not only are SGs being regulated by stress signaling pathways, but SGs also modulate the extent of stress responses. We speculate that nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of RNA-binding proteins is required for gene expression regulation during stress, and that SGs modulate this traffic. The absence of SGs thus leads the cell to excessive, and potentially deleterious, reactions to stress. When cells encounter harsh conditions, they face an energy crisis since the stress will reduce their energy production, and at the same time cause extra demands on energy expenditure. To tackle this dilemma, cells under stress form giant agglomerates of RNA and protein, called stress granules. In these, mRNA molecules are kept silent, preventing waste of energy on producing proteins not needed under these conditions. A few mRNAs, encoding proteins required for the cell to survive, stay outside of stress granules and escape this silencing. This mechanism can protect plants and microbes against cold spells or heat shocks, and human cells exposed to oxidative damage or toxic drugs. We have investigated which genes are necessary to form stress granules, and their impact on the stress response. We discovered that mutant cells unable to form stress granules overreacted to stress, in that they produced much higher levels of the induced mRNAs. We think this means that gene regulatory proteins are sequestered inside stress granules, inhibiting their action. Stress granules may thus function as moderators that dampen the stress response, safeguarding the cell against excessive reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Shen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Elena Garre
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Xinxin Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Krumlinde
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marija Cvijović
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christina Arens
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Beidong Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail: (BL); (PS)
| | - Per Sunnerhagen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Lundberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail: (BL); (PS)
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19
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Cao J, Barbosa JM, Singh NK, Locy RD. GABA shunt mediates thermotolerance inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeby reducing reactive oxygen production. Yeast 2013; 30:129-44. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robert D. Locy
- Department of Biological Sciences; Auburn University; AL; USA
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20
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Ravindran C, Varatharajan GR, Rajasabapathy R, Vijayakanth S, Kumar AH, Meena RM. A role for antioxidants in acclimation of marine derived pathogenic fungus (NIOCC 1) to salt stress. Microb Pathog 2012; 53:168-79. [PMID: 22809619 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salinity tolerance a key factor helps in understanding the ionic homeostasis in general, which is a fundamental cellular phenomenon in all living cells. Here, a marine derived pathogenic fungus was examined for its adaptation under salt stress using antioxidant properties. The aqueous extracts of halophilic fungus exhibited different levels of antioxidant activity in all the in vitro tests such as α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(·)), Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Assay (HRSA), Metal chelating assay and β-carotene-linoleic acid model system. The antioxidant capacity of marine fungus exposed to high salt condition showed an increase in activity. In addition, the production of intra and extracellular antioxidant enzymes of the fungus at various salt stresses were analyzed and discussed for their possible role in the stress mechanism. The marine derived fungus was identified as Phialosimplex genus, which is associated with infections in dogs. Thus the present study elucidates that the scavenging activity is one of the protective mechanisms developed in the fungus to avoid the deleterious effect of salt stress. In addition, the study also helps in understanding how the pathogenic fungus tackles the oxidative burst i.e. hypersensitivity reaction performed by host to kill the pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnarajan Ravindran
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Biological Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India.
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21
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Parts L, Cubillos FA, Warringer J, Jain K, Salinas F, Bumpstead SJ, Molin M, Zia A, Simpson JT, Quail MA, Moses A, Louis EJ, Durbin R, Liti G. Revealing the genetic structure of a trait by sequencing a population under selection. Genome Res 2011; 21:1131-8. [PMID: 21422276 PMCID: PMC3129255 DOI: 10.1101/gr.116731.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One approach to understanding the genetic basis of traits is to study their pattern of inheritance among offspring of phenotypically different parents. Previously, such analysis has been limited by low mapping resolution, high labor costs, and large sample size requirements for detecting modest effects. Here, we present a novel approach to map trait loci using artificial selection. First, we generated populations of 10-100 million haploid and diploid segregants by crossing two budding yeast strains of different heat tolerance for up to 12 generations. We then subjected these large segregant pools to heat stress for up to 12 d, enriching for beneficial alleles. Finally, we sequenced total DNA from the pools before and during selection to measure the changes in parental allele frequency. We mapped 21 intervals with significant changes in genetic background in response to selection, which is several times more than found with traditional linkage methods. Nine of these regions contained two or fewer genes, yielding much higher resolution than previous genomic linkage studies. Multiple members of the RAS/cAMP signaling pathway were implicated, along with genes previously not annotated with heat stress response function. Surprisingly, at most selected loci, allele frequencies stopped changing before the end of the selection experiment, but alleles did not become fixed. Furthermore, we were able to detect the same set of trait loci in a population of diploid individuals with similar power and resolution, and observed primarily additive effects, similar to what is seen for complex trait genetics in other diploid organisms such as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Parts
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco A. Cubillos
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Warringer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Kanika Jain
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco Salinas
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mikael Molin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amin Zia
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J4, Canada
| | - Jared T. Simpson
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Quail
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Moses
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2J4, Canada
| | - Edward J. Louis
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Durbin
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Gianni Liti
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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22
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Sarkar P, Suraishkumar GK. pH and Temperature Stresses in Bioreactor Cultures: Intracellular Superoxide Levels. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie200081k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pritish Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India
| | - G. K. Suraishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 India
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23
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Respiration-deficient mutants of Zymomonas mobilis show improved growth and ethanol fermentation under aerobic and high temperature conditions. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 111:414-9. [PMID: 21236727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Respiration-deficient mutant (RDM) strains of Zymomonas mobilis were isolated from antibiotic-resistant mutants. These RDM strains showed various degrees of respiratory deficiency. All RDM strains exhibited much higher ethanol fermentation capacity than the wild-type strain under aerobic conditions. The strains also gained thermotolerance and exhibited greater ethanol production at high temperature (39°C), under both non-aerobic and aerobic conditions, compared with the wild-type strain. Microarray and subsequent quantitative PCR analyses suggest that enhanced gene expression involved in the metabolism of glucose to ethanol resulted in the high ethanol production of RDM strains under aerobic growth conditions. Reduction of intracellular oxidative stress may also result in improved ethanol fermentation by RDM strains at high temperatures.
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24
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Abstract
Fungi are amongst the most industrially important microorganisms in current use within the biotechnology industry. Most such fungal cultures are highly aerobic in nature, a character that has been frequently referred to in both reactor design and fungal physiology. The most fundamentally significant outcome of the highly aerobic growth environment in fermenter vessels is the need for the fungal culture to effectively combat in the intracellular environment the negative consequences of high oxygen transfer rates. The use of oxygen as the respiratory substrate is frequently reported to lead to the development of oxidative stress, mainly due to oxygen-derived free radicals, which are collectively termed as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, there has been extensive research on the occurrence, extent, and consequences of oxidative stress in microorganisms, and the underlying mechanisms through which cells prevent and repair the damage caused by ROS. In the present study, we critically review the current understanding of oxidative stress events in industrially relevant fungi. The review first describes the current state of knowledge of ROS concisely, and then the various antioxidant strategies employed by fungal cells to counteract the deleterious effects, together with their implications in fungal bioprocessing are also discussed. Finally, some recommendations for further research are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Strathclyde Fermentation Centre, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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25
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Zhang HB, Zhang HF, Chen QH, Ruan H, Fu ML, He GQ. Effects of proteinase A on cultivation and viability characteristics of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae WZ65. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 10:769-76. [PMID: 19817002 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0920057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteinase A (PrA), encoded by PEP4 gene, is a key enzyme in the vacuoles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We characterized the effects of PrA on cell growth and glucose metabolism in the industrial S. cerevisiae WZ65. It was observed that the lag phase of cell growth of partial PEP4 gene deletion mutant (36 h) and PrA-negative mutant (48 h) was significantly extended, compared with the wild type strain (24 h) (P<0.05), but PrA had no effect on glucose metabolism either under shaking or steady state cultivations. The logistic model was chosen to evaluate the effect of PrA on S. cerevisiae cell growth, and PrA was found to promote cell growth against insufficient oxygen condition in steady state cultivation, but had no effect in shaking cultivation. The effects of glucose starvation on cell growth of partial PEP4 gene deletion strain and PrA-negative mutant were also evaluated. The results show that PrA partial deficiency increased the adaption of S. cerevisiae to unfavorable nutrient environment, but had no effect on glucose metabolism under the stress of low glucose. During heat shock test, at 60 degrees C the reduced cell viability rate (RCVR) was 10% for the wild type S. cerevisiae and 90% for both mutant strains (P<0.01), suggesting that PrA was a negative factor for S. cerevisiae cells to survive under heat shock. As temperatures rose from 60 degrees C to 70 degrees C, the wild type S. cerevisiae had significantly lower relative glucose consumption rate (RGCR) (61.0% and 80.0%) than the partial mutant (78.0% and 98.5%) and the complete mutant (80.0% and 98.0%) (P<0.05), suggesting that, in coping with heat shock, cells of the PrA mutants increased their glucose consumption to survive. The present study may provide meaningful information for brewing industry; however, the role of PrA in industrial S. cerevisiae physiology is complex and needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-bo Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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26
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Abrashev RI, Pashova SB, Stefanova LN, Vassilev SV, Dolashka-Angelova PA, Angelova MB. Heat-shock-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant response in Aspergillus niger 26. Can J Microbiol 2009; 54:977-83. [PMID: 19096452 DOI: 10.1139/w08-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To extend the knowledge about the relationship between heat shock and oxidative stress in lower eukaryotes, the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger 26 was chosen as a model system. Here, the response of A. niger cells to heat shock is reported. The temperature treatment significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, superoxide anions (O2), and hydrogen peroxide and the rate of cyanide-resistant respiration as a marker of oxidative stress. Enhanced reactive oxygen species generation coincided with an increase in the content of oxidative damaged protein and in the accumulation of the storage carbohydrates trehalose and glycogen. Thermal survival of the A. niger cells corresponded to a significant increase in the levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase for all variants. These observations suggest that heat and oxidative stress have a common cellular effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav I Abrashev
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Academician G. Bonchev, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Panaretou B, Zhai C. The heat shock proteins: Their roles as multi-component machines for protein folding. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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The effects of elevated process temperature on the protein carbonyls in the filamentous fungus, Aspergillus niger B1-D. Process Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Timperio AM, Egidi MG, Zolla L. Proteomics applied on plant abiotic stresses: role of heat shock proteins (HSP). J Proteomics 2008; 71:391-411. [PMID: 18718564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Revised: 07/14/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The most crucial function of plant cell is to respond against stress induced for self-defence. This defence is brought about by alteration in the pattern of gene expression: qualitative and quantitative changes in proteins are the result, leading to modulation of certain metabolic and defensive pathways. Abiotic stresses usually cause protein dysfunction. They have an ability to alter the levels of a number of proteins which may be soluble or structural in nature. Nowadays, in higher plants high-throughput protein identification has been made possible along with improved protein extraction, purification protocols and the development of genomic sequence databases for peptide mass matches. Thus, recent proteome analysis performed in the vegetal Kingdom has provided new dimensions to assess the changes in protein types and their expression levels under abiotic stress. As reported in this review, specific and novel proteins, protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications have been identified, which play a role in signal transduction, anti-oxidative defence, anti-freezing, heat shock, metal binding etc. However, beside specific proteins production, plants respond to various stresses in a similar manner by producing heat shock proteins (HSPs), indicating a similarity in the plant's adaptive mechanisms; in plants, more than in animals, HSPs protect cells against many stresses. A relationship between ROS and HSP also seems to exist, corroborating the hypothesis that during the course of evolution, plants were able to achieve a high degree of control over ROS toxicity and are now using ROS as signalling molecules to induce HSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Timperio
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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30
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Gibson B, Prescott K, Smart K. Petite mutation in aged and oxidatively stressed ale and lager brewing yeast. Lett Appl Microbiol 2008; 46:636-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Gibson BR, Lawrence SJ, Leclaire JPR, Powell CD, Smart KA. Yeast responses to stresses associated with industrial brewery handling: Figure 1. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2007; 31:535-69. [PMID: 17645521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During brewery handling, production strains of yeast must respond to fluctuations in dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, osmolarity, ethanol concentration, nutrient supply and temperature. Fermentation performance of brewing yeast strains is dependent on their ability to adapt to these changes, particularly during batch brewery fermentation which involves the recycling (repitching) of a single yeast culture (slurry) over a number of fermentations (generations). Modern practices, such as the use of high-gravity worts and preparation of dried yeast for use as an inoculum, have increased the magnitude of the stresses to which the cell is subjected. The ability of yeast to respond effectively to these conditions is essential not only for beer production but also for maintaining the fermentation fitness of yeast for use in subsequent fermentations. During brewery handling, cells inhabit a complex environment and our understanding of stress responses under such conditions is limited. The advent of techniques capable of determining genomic and proteomic changes within the cell is likely vastly to improve our knowledge of yeast stress responses during industrial brewery handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Gibson
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
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32
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Smirnova GV, Muzyka NG, Oktyabrsky ON. Enhanced resistance to peroxide stress in Escherichia coli grown outside their niche temperatures. J Therm Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Genetic and physiological alterations occurring in a yeast population continuously propagated at increasing temperatures with cell recycling. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 23:1667. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bisson LF, Karpel JE, Ramakrishnan V, Joseph L. Functional genomics of wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2007; 53:65-121. [PMID: 17900497 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-4526(07)53003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The application of genomic technologies to the analysis of wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has greatly enhanced our understanding of both native and laboratory strains of this important model eukaryote. Not only are differences in transcript, protein, and metabolite profiles being uncovered, but the heritable basis of these differences is also being elucidated. Although some challenges remain in the application of functional genomic technologies to commercial and native strains of S. cerevisiae, recent improvements, particularly in data analysis, have greatly extended the utility of these tools. Comparative analysis of laboratory and wine isolates is refining our understanding of the mechanisms of genome evolution. Genomic analysis of Saccharomyces in native environments is providing evidence of gene function to previously uncharacterized open reading frames and delineating the physiological parameters of ecological niche specialization and stress adaptation. The wealth of information being generated will soon be utilized to construct commercial stains with more desirable phenotypes, traits that will be designed to be genetically stable under commercial production conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda F Bisson
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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35
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Singh RK, Krishna M. DNA damage induced nucleotide excision repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 290:103-12. [PMID: 16607478 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the most versatile and universal pathway of DNA repair that is capable of repairing virtually any damages other than a double strand break (DSB). This pathway has been shown to be inducible in several systems. However, question of a threshold and the nature of the damage that can signal induction of this pathway remain poorly understood. In this study it has been shown that prior exposure to very low doses of osmium tetroxide enhanced the survival of wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae when the cells were challenged with UV light. Moreover, it was also found that osmium tetroxide treated rad3 mutants did not show enhanced survival indicating an involvement of nucleotide excision repair in the enhanced survival. To probe this further the actual removal of pyrimidine dimers by the treated and control cells was studied. Osmium tetroxide treated cells removed pyrimidine dimers more efficiently as compared to control cells. This was confirmed by measuring the in vitro repair synthesis in cell free extracts prepared from control and primed cells. It was found that the uptake of active (32)P was significantly higher in the plasmid substrates incubated with extracts of primed cells. This induction is dependent on de novo synthesis of proteins as cycloheximide treatment abrogated this response. The nature of induced repair was found to be essentially error free. Study conclusively shows that NER is an inducible pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its induction is dependent on exposure to a threshold of a genotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India 400085.
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Medina-Silva R, Barros MP, Galhardo RS, Netto LES, Colepicolo P, Menck CFM. Heat stress promotes mitochondrial instability and oxidative responses in yeast deficient in thiazole biosynthesis. Res Microbiol 2006; 157:275-81. [PMID: 16171982 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2005.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2005] [Revised: 07/07/2005] [Accepted: 07/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Thi4 protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of thiazole, a precursor of thiamine (vitamin B1). In addition, the thi4-disrupted strain has shown increased frequencies of mitochondrial mutants (petite colonies) upon treatment with DNA damaging agents. In this work, we show that the thi4 strain presents significant induction of petites and reduced oxygen consumption when grown at 37 degrees C, a condition that induces high levels of reactive oxygen species in yeast. Oxidative stress parameters were thus measured in thi4 cells. The activities of superoxide dismutase and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased when these mutants were grown at 37 degrees C compared to the wild-type strain (W303). The levels of carbonyl protein groups were also significantly higher for the thi4 strain than for W303. Still, significant reductions in protein thiols and reduced glutathione were observed for the mutated strain. Therefore, the Thi4 protein appears to play an important protective role during heat stress in yeast cells, a feature probably related to the mitochondrial instability and altered oxidative status observed in thi4 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Medina-Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Brazil
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37
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Abrashev R, Dolashka P, Christova R, Stefanova L, Angelova M. Role of antioxidant enzymes in survival of conidiospores of Aspergillus niger 26 under conditions of temperature stress. J Appl Microbiol 2005; 99:902-9. [PMID: 16162242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02669.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A better understanding of the role of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the protection of Aspergillus niger spores against thermal stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Conidiospores from A. niger 26 were subjected to wide range of temperatures (30, 50, 60 and 80 degrees C). The stress response was investigated by the determination of spore germination and mycelial growth of survivors under submerged cultivation. Exposure to any temperature above the optimal value induced an increase in SOD and CAT activities. PAGE demonstrated enhanced level of Cu/ZnSOD under stress conditions. We compared the influence of heat shock and superoxide-generating agent paraquat on growth and antioxidant enzyme defence and found different response to the both type of stresses. CONCLUSIONS Heat stress elicits the enhanced synthesis of enzymes whose functions are to scavenge reactive oxygen species. These results suggested an association between thermal and oxidative stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Evidence is provided for the possibility that oxidative stress plays a major role in the effect of heat in low eucaryotes such as A. niger. This knowledge may be of importance in controlling both fermentation and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abrashev
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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38
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Temple MD, Perrone GG, Dawes IW. Complex cellular responses to reactive oxygen species. Trends Cell Biol 2005; 15:319-26. [PMID: 15953550 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2005.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2004] [Revised: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 04/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide analyses of yeast provide insight into cellular responses to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many deletion mutants are sensitive to at least one ROS, but no one oxidant is representative of 'oxidative stress' despite the widespread use of a single compound such as H(2)O(2). This has major implications for studies of pathological situations. Cells have a range of mechanisms for maintaining resistance that involves either induction or repression of many genes and extensive remodeling of the transcriptome. Cells have constitutive defense systems that are largely unique to each oxidant, but overlapping, inducible repair systems. The pattern of the transcriptional response to a particular ROS depends on its concentration, and 'classical' antioxidant systems that are induced by high concentrations of ROS can be repressed when cells adapt to low concentrations of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Temple
- Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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39
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Marques ER, Ferreira MES, Drummond RD, Felix JM, Menossi M, Savoldi M, Travassos LR, Puccia R, Batista WL, Carvalho KC, Goldman MHS, Goldman GH. Identification of genes preferentially expressed in the pathogenic yeast phase of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, using suppression subtraction hybridization and differential macroarray analysis. Mol Genet Genomics 2004; 271:667-77. [PMID: 15138890 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-004-1016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2004] [Accepted: 04/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a thermodimorphic fungus, is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Pathogenicity appears to be intimately related to the dimorphic transition from the hyphal to the yeast form, which is induced by a shift from environmental temperature to the temperature of the mammalian host. Little information is available on the P. brasiliensis genes that are necessary during the pathogenic phase. We have therefore undertaken Suppression Subtraction Hybridization (SSH) and macroarray analyses with the aim of identifying genes that are preferentially expressed in the yeast phase. Genes identified by both procedures as being more highly expressed in the yeast phase are involved in basic metabolism, signal transduction, growth and morphogenesis, and sulfur metabolism. In order to test whether the observed changes in gene expression reflect the differences between the growth conditions used to obtain the two morphological forms rather than differences intrinsic to the cell types, we performed real-time RT-PCR experiments using RNAs derived from both yeast cells and mycelia that had been cultured at 37 degrees C and 26 degrees C in either complete medium (YPD or Sabouraud) or minimal medium. Twenty genes, including AGS1 (alpha-1,3-glucan synthase) and TSA1 (thiol-specific antioxidant), were shown to be more highly expressed in the yeast cells than in the hyphae. Although their levels of expression could be different in rich and minimal media, there was a general tendency for these genes to be more highly expressed in the yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Marques
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café S/N, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Abstract
Glutathione (GSH; gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine), a non-protein thiol with a very low redox potential (E'0 = 240 mV for thiol-disulfide exchange), is present in high concentration up to 10 mM in yeasts and filamentous fungi. GSH is concerned with basic cellular functions as well as the maintenance of mitochondrial structure, membrane integrity, and in cell differentiation and development. GSH plays key roles in the response to several stress situations in fungi. For example, GSH is an important antioxidant molecule, which reacts non-enzymatically with a series of reactive oxygen species. In addition, the response to oxidative stress also involves GSH biosynthesis enzymes, NADPH-dependent GSH-regenerating reductase, glutathione S-transferase along with peroxide-eliminating glutathione peroxidase and glutaredoxins. Some components of the GSH-dependent antioxidative defence system confer resistance against heat shock and osmotic stress. Formation of protein-SSG mixed disulfides results in protection against desiccation-induced oxidative injuries in lichens. Intracellular GSH and GSH-derived phytochelatins hinder the progression of heavy metal-initiated cell injuries by chelating and sequestering the metal ions themselves and/or by eliminating reactive oxygen species. In fungi, GSH is mobilized to ensure cellular maintenance under sulfur or nitrogen starvation. Moreover, adaptation to carbon deprivation stress results in an increased tolerance to oxidative stress, which involves the induction of GSH-dependent elements of the antioxidant defence system. GSH-dependent detoxification processes concern the elimination of toxic endogenous metabolites, such as excess formaldehyde produced during the growth of the methylotrophic yeasts, by formaldehyde dehydrogenase and methylglyoxal, a by-product of glycolysis, by the glyoxalase pathway. Detoxification of xenobiotics, such as halogenated aromatic and alkylating agents, relies on glutathione S-transferases. In yeast, these enzymes may participate in the elimination of toxic intermediates that accumulate in stationary phase and/or act in a similar fashion as heat shock proteins. GSH S-conjugates may also form in a glutathione S-transferases-independent way, e.g. through chemical reaction between GSH and the antifugal agent Thiram. GSH-dependent detoxification of penicillin side-chain precursors was shown in Penicillium sp. GSH controls aging and autolysis in several fungal species, and possesses an anti-apoptotic feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Pócsi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
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Ueom J, Kwon S, Kim S, Chae Y, Lee K. Acquisition of heat shock tolerance by regulation of intracellular redox states. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1642:9-16. [PMID: 12972288 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(03)00081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a mild heat treatment strongly induces Hsp104p which provides acquisition of thermotolerance. The mechanism by which Hsp104p protects cells from the severe heat shock has not yet been completely elucidated. In this study, a pivotal role of Hsp104p as an efficient scavenger of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) is investigated. In our previous study, we reported that Hsp104p acted as a regulator in the mitochondrial respiration pathway. In this report, the recombinant wild-type and hypersensitive ras mutants (ira2Delta) with the extrachromosomal plasmids wild-type and mutant hsp104 genes were studied. The resulting strains successfully expressed both wild-type and mutant Hsp104p and showed the thermotolerance phenotype in the strain with the functional wild-type Hsp104p expressed. Upon treatment with H2O2 and menadione, the strains with the functional Hsp104p expressed showed higher survival rates than the other mutants, indicating the protective role of Hsp104p from the oxidative stress. Fluorescence measurement of the oxidation-dependent probe, 2',7'-dichlorofluoroscein diacetate (H2DCFDA), also indicated that Hsp104p significantly reduced the amount of ROS. Resistance to the oxidative stress was independent of the amount of the glutathione in the hyperactivated ras mutants. Taken all together, this study confirms that Hsp104p plays a crucial role in keeping cells from being damaged by the oxidative stress, thus acting as a modulator of the intracellular redox state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Ueom
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Recombinant Protein Expression Center, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
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Voit EO. Biochemical and genomic regulation of the trehalose cycle in yeast: review of observations and canonical model analysis. J Theor Biol 2003; 223:55-78. [PMID: 12782117 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5193(03)00072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The physiological hallmark of heat-shock response in yeast is a rapid, enormous increase in the concentration of trehalose. Normally found in growing yeast cells and other organisms only as traces, trehalose becomes a crucial protector of proteins and membranes against a variety of stresses, including heat, cold, starvation, desiccation, osmotic or oxidative stress, and exposure to toxicants. Trehalose is produced from glucose 6-phosphate and uridine diphosphate glucose in a two-step process, and recycled to glucose by trehalases. Even though the trehalose cycle consists of only a few metabolites and enzymatic steps, its regulatory structure and operation are surprisingly complex. The article begins with a review of experimental observations on the regulation of the trehalose cycle in yeast and proposes a canonical model for its analysis. The first part of this analysis demonstrates the benefits of the various regulatory features by means of controlled comparisons with models of otherwise equivalent pathways lacking these features. The second part elucidates the significance of the expression pattern of the trehalose cycle genes in response to heat shock. Interestingly, the genes contributing to trehalose formation are up-regulated to very different degrees, and even the trehalose degrading trehalases show drastically increased activity during heat-shock response. Again using the method of controlled comparisons, the model provides rationale for the observed pattern of gene expression and reveals benefits of the counterintuitive trehalase up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard O Voit
- Department of Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 303K Cannon Place, 135 Cannon Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Cabiscol E, Bellí G, Tamarit J, Echave P, Herrero E, Ros J. Mitochondrial Hsp60, resistance to oxidative stress, and the labile iron pool are closely connected in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:44531-8. [PMID: 12200437 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m206525200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we have analyzed the role of the molecular chaperone Hsp60 in protection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against oxidative damage. We constructed mutant strains in which the levels of Hsp60 protein, compared with wild-type cells, were four times greater, and the addition of doxycycline gradually reduces them to 20% of wild-type. Under oxidative-stress conditions, the progressive decrease in Hsp60 levels in these mutants resulted in reduced cell viability and an increase in both cell peroxide species and protein carbonyl content. Protection of Fe/S-containing enzymes from oxidative inactivation was found to be dose-dependent with respect to Hsp60 levels. As these enzymes release their iron ions under oxidative-stress conditions, the intracellular labile iron pool, monitored with calcein, was higher in cells with reduced Hsp60 levels. Consistently, the iron chelator deferoxamine protected low Hsp60-expressing cells from both oxidant-induced death and protein oxidation. These results indicate that the role of Hsp60 in oxidative-stress defense is explained by protection of several Fe/S proteins, which prevent the release of iron ions and thereby avert further damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2001. [PMID: 11746606 DOI: 10.1002/yea.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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