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Dollery SJ, Harro JM, Wiggins TJ, Wille BP, Kim PC, Tobin JK, Bushnell RV, Tasker NJPER, MacLeod DA, Tobin GJ. Select Whole-Cell Biofilm-Based Immunogens Protect against a Virulent Staphylococcus Isolate in a Stringent Implant Model of Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060833. [PMID: 35746441 PMCID: PMC9231243 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many microbes of concern to human health remain without vaccines. We have developed a whole-microbe inactivation technology that enables us to rapidly inactivate large quantities of a pathogen while retaining epitopes that were destroyed by previous inactivation methods. The method that we call UVC-MDP inactivation can be used to make whole-cell vaccines with increased potency. We and others are exploring the possibility of using improved irradiation-inactivation technologies to develop whole-cell vaccines for numerous antibiotic-resistant microbes. Here, we apply UVC-MDP to produce candidate MRSA vaccines which we test in a stringent tibia implant model of infection challenged with a virulent MSRA strain. We report high levels of clearance in the model and observe a pattern of protection that correlates with the immunogen protein profile used for vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Dollery
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Janette M. Harro
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.M.H.); (B.P.W.); (P.C.K.)
| | - Taralyn J. Wiggins
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Brendan P. Wille
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.M.H.); (B.P.W.); (P.C.K.)
| | - Peter C. Kim
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (J.M.H.); (B.P.W.); (P.C.K.)
| | - John K. Tobin
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Ruth V. Bushnell
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Naomi J. P. E. R. Tasker
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - David A. MacLeod
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Gregory J. Tobin
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (T.J.W.); (J.K.T.); (R.V.B.); (N.J.P.E.R.T.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
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2
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Unger H, Kangethe RT, Liaqat F, Viljoen GJ. Advances in Irradiated Livestock Vaccine Research and Production Addressing the Unmet Needs for Farmers and Veterinary Services in FAO/IAEA Member States. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853874. [PMID: 35418985 PMCID: PMC8997582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Animal Production and Health section (APH) of the Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture at the International Atomic Energy Agency has over the last 58 years provided technical and scientific support to more than 100 countries through co-ordinated research activities and technical co-operation projects in peaceful uses of nuclear technologies. A key component of this support has been the development of irradiated vaccines targeting diseases that are endemic to participating countries. APH laboratories has over the last decade developed new techniques and has put in place a framework that allows researchers from participating member states to develop relevant vaccines targeting local diseases while using irradiation as a tool for improving livestock resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Unger
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard T Kangethe
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Fatima Liaqat
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerrit J Viljoen
- Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
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3
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Bhatia SS, Pillai SD. Ionizing Radiation Technologies for Vaccine Development - A Mini Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:845514. [PMID: 35222438 PMCID: PMC8873931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.845514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the current pandemic the world is struggling with, there is an urgent need to continually improve vaccine technologies. Ionizing radiation technology has a long history in the development of vaccines, dating back to the mid-20th century. Ionizing radiation technology is a highly versatile technology that has a variety of commercial applications around the world. This brief review summarizes the core technology, the overall effects of ionizing radiation on bacterial cells and reviews vaccine development efforts using ionizing technologies, namely gamma radiation, electron beam, and X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini S. Bhatia
- National Center for Electron Beam Research, an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Center for Electron Beam Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Suresh D. Pillai
- National Center for Electron Beam Research, an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Center for Electron Beam Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Suresh D. Pillai,
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4
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Dollery SJ, Zurawski DV, Gaidamakova EK, Matrosova VY, Tobin JK, Wiggins TJ, Bushnell RV, MacLeod DA, Alamneh YA, Abu-Taleb R, Escatte MG, Meeks HN, Daly MJ, Tobin GJ. Radiation-Inactivated Acinetobacter baumannii Vaccine Candidates. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020096. [PMID: 33514059 PMCID: PMC7912630 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterial pathogen that is often multidrug-resistant (MDR) and causes a range of life-threatening illnesses, including pneumonia, septicemia, and wound infections. Some antibiotic treatments can reduce mortality if dosed early enough before an infection progresses, but there are few other treatment options when it comes to MDR-infection. Although several prophylactic strategies have been assessed, no vaccine candidates have advanced to clinical trials or have been approved. Herein, we rapidly produced protective whole-cell immunogens from planktonic and biofilm-like cultures of A. baumannii, strain AB5075 grown using a variety of methods. After selecting a panel of five cultures based on distinct protein profiles, replicative activity was extinguished by exposure to 10 kGy gamma radiation in the presence of a Deinococcus antioxidant complex composed of manganous (Mn2+) ions, a decapeptide, and orthophosphate. Mn2+ antioxidants prevent hydroxylation and carbonylation of irradiated proteins, but do not protect nucleic acids, yielding replication-deficient immunogenic A. baumannii vaccine candidates. Mice were immunized and boosted twice with 1.0 × 107 irradiated bacterial cells and then challenged intranasally with AB5075 using two mouse models. Planktonic cultures grown for 16 h in rich media and biofilm cultures grown in static cultures underneath minimal (M9) media stimulated immunity that led to 80–100% protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Dollery
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel V. Zurawski
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.V.Z.); (Y.A.A.); (R.A.-T.); (M.G.E.)
| | - Elena K. Gaidamakova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (E.K.G.); (V.Y.M.); (M.J.D.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Vera Y. Matrosova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (E.K.G.); (V.Y.M.); (M.J.D.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - John K. Tobin
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Taralyn J. Wiggins
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Ruth V. Bushnell
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - David A. MacLeod
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
| | - Yonas A. Alamneh
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.V.Z.); (Y.A.A.); (R.A.-T.); (M.G.E.)
| | - Rania Abu-Taleb
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.V.Z.); (Y.A.A.); (R.A.-T.); (M.G.E.)
| | - Mariel G. Escatte
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.V.Z.); (Y.A.A.); (R.A.-T.); (M.G.E.)
| | | | - Michael J. Daly
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (E.K.G.); (V.Y.M.); (M.J.D.)
| | - Gregory J. Tobin
- Biological Mimetics, Inc., 124 Byte Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (J.K.T.); (T.J.W.); (R.V.B.); (D.A.M.); (G.J.T.)
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5
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X-ray inactivation of RNA viruses without loss of biological characteristics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21431. [PMID: 33293534 PMCID: PMC7722841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77972-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the event of an unpredictable viral outbreak requiring high/maximum biosafety containment facilities (i.e. BSL3 and BSL4), X-ray irradiation has the potential to relieve pressures on conventional diagnostic bottlenecks and expediate work at lower containment. Guided by Monte Carlo modelling and in vitro 1-log10 decimal-reduction value (D-value) predictions, the X-ray photon energies required for the effective inactivation of zoonotic viruses belonging to the medically important families of Flaviviridae, Nairoviridae, Phenuiviridae and Togaviridae are demonstrated. Specifically, it is shown that an optimized irradiation approach is attractive for use in a multitude of downstream detection and functional assays, as it preserves key biochemical and immunological properties. This study provides evidence that X-ray irradiation can support emergency preparedness, outbreak response and front-line diagnostics in a safe, reproducible and scalable manner pertinent to operations that are otherwise restricted to higher containment BSL3 or BSL4 laboratories.
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Jesudhasan PR, McReynolds JL, Byrd AJ, He H, Genovese KJ, Droleskey R, Swaggerty CL, Kogut MH, Duke S, Nisbet DJ, Praveen C, Pillai SD. Electron-Beam-Inactivated Vaccine Against Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Molting Hens. Avian Dis 2015; 59:165-70. [PMID: 26292553 DOI: 10.1637/10917-081014-resnoter] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Electron-beam (eBeam) irradiation technology has a variety of applications in modern society. The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam-inactivated Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) cells can serve as a vaccine to control SE colonization and shedding in poultry birds. An eBeam dose of 2.5 kGy (kilograys) was used to inactivate a high-titer (10(8) colony-forming units [CFU]) preparation of SE cells. Microscopic studies revealed that the irradiation did not damage the bacterial cell membranes. The vaccine efficacy was evaluated by administering the eBeam-killed SE cells intramuscularly (1 x 10(6) CFU/bird) into 50-wk-old single comb white leghorn hens. On day 14 postvaccination, the hens were challenged orally with live SE cells (1 x 10(9) CFU) and SE colonization of liver, spleen, ceca, and ovaries determined on day 23. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 14, and 23 postvaccination and the sera were analyzed to quantify SE-specific IgG titers. The vaccinated chickens exhibited significantly (P < 0.0001) higher SE-specific IgG antibody responses and reduced SE ceca colonization (1.46 ± 0.39 logi10 CFU/g) compared to nonvaccinated birds (5.32 ± 0.32 log10 CFU/g). They also exhibited significantly lower SE colonization of the ovaries (1/30), spleen (3/30), liver (4/30), and ceca (7/30) compared to nonvaccinated birds. These results provide empirical evidence that eBeam-based SE vaccines are immunogenic and are capable of protecting chickens against SE colonization. The advantages of eBeam-based vaccine technology are that it is nonthermal, avoids the use of formalin, and can be used to generate inactivated vaccines rapidly to address strain-specific infections in farms or flocks.
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Gaidamakova EK, Myles IA, McDaniel DP, Fowler CJ, Valdez PA, Naik S, Gayen M, Gupta P, Sharma A, Glass PJ, Maheshwari RK, Datta SK, Daly MJ. Preserving immunogenicity of lethally irradiated viral and bacterial vaccine epitopes using a radio- protective Mn2+-Peptide complex from Deinococcus. Cell Host Microbe 2013; 12:117-124. [PMID: 22817993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although pathogen inactivation by γ-radiation is an attractive approach for whole-organism vaccine development, radiation doses required to ensure sterility also destroy immunogenic protein epitopes needed to mount protective immune responses. We demonstrate the use of a reconstituted manganous peptide complex from the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans to protect protein epitopes from radiation-induced damage and uncouple it from genome damage and organism killing. The Mn(2+) complex preserved antigenic structures in aqueous preparations of bacteriophage lambda, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, and Staphylococcus aureus during supralethal irradiation (25-40 kGy). An irradiated vaccine elicited both antibody and Th17 responses, and induced B and T cell-dependent protection against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in mice. Structural integrity of viruses and bacteria are shown to be preserved at radiation doses far above those which abolish infectivity. This approach could expedite vaccine production for emerging and established pathogens for which no protective vaccines exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena K Gaidamakova
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Ian A Myles
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dennis P McDaniel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Cedar J Fowler
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Patricia A Valdez
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shruti Naik
- Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Immunology Graduate group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manoshi Gayen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.,Biological Sciences Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Paridhi Gupta
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.,Biological Sciences Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Pamela J Glass
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Radha K Maheshwari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Sandip K Datta
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael J Daly
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ephrati
- Department of Radiology and Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
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9
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Moore HN, Kersten H. The Inactivation of Encephalitis Virus (St. Louis Type) by Means of Soft X-rays. J Bacteriol 2006; 33:615-8. [PMID: 16560028 PMCID: PMC545175 DOI: 10.1128/jb.33.6.615-618.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H N Moore
- Department of Bacteriology and Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati
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10
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Neter E. THE GENUS SHIGELLA: (Dysentery Bacilli and Allied Species). BACTERIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 2006; 6:1-36. [PMID: 16350076 PMCID: PMC440856 DOI: 10.1128/br.6.1.1-36.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Neter
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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