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Sabat AJ, Durfee T, Baldwin S, Akkerboom V, Voss A, Friedrich AW, Bathoorn E. The complete genome sequence of unculturable Mycoplasma faucium obtained through clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1368923. [PMID: 38694516 PMCID: PMC11062135 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1368923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diagnosing Mycoplasma faucium poses challenges, and it's unclear if its rare isolation is due to infrequent occurrence or its fastidious nutritional requirements. Methods This study analyzes the complete genome sequence of M. faucium, obtained directly from the pus of a sternum infection in a lung transplant patient using metagenomic sequencing. Results Genome analysis revealed limited therapeutic options for the M. faucium infection, primarily susceptibility to tetracyclines. Three classes of mobile genetic elements were identified: two new insertion sequences, a new prophage (phiUMCG-1), and a species-specific variant of a mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element (MICE). Additionally, a Type I Restriction-Modification system was identified, featuring 5'-terminally truncated hsdS pseudogenes with overlapping repeats, indicating the potential for forming alternative hsdS variants through recombination. Conclusion This study represents the first-ever acquisition of a complete circularized bacterial genome directly from a patient sample obtained from invasive infection of a primary sterile site using culture-independent, PCR-free clinical metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur J. Sabat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Tim Durfee
- DNASTAR, Inc., Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Viktoria Akkerboom
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Voss
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Bathoorn
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Wani AK, Roy P, Kumar V, Mir TUG. Metagenomics and artificial intelligence in the context of human health. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 100:105267. [PMID: 35278679 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human microbiome is ubiquitous, dynamic, and site-specific consortia of microbial communities. The pathogenic nature of microorganisms within human tissues has led to an increase in microbial studies. Characterization of genera, like Streptococcus, Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus through culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques has been reported. However, due to the unique environment within human tissues, it is difficult to culture these microorganisms making their molecular studies strenuous. MGs offer a gateway to explore and characterize hidden microbial communities through a culture-independent mode by direct DNA isolation. By function and sequence-based MGs, Scientists can explore the mechanistic details of numerous microbes and their interaction with the niche. Since the data generated from MGs studies is highly complex and multi-dimensional, it requires accurate analytical tools to evaluate and interpret the data. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides the luxury to automatically learn the data dimensionality and ease its complexity that makes the disease diagnosis and disease response easy, accurate and timely. This review provides insight into the human microbiota and its exploration and expansion through MG studies. The review elucidates the significance of MGs in studying the changing microbiota during disease conditions besides highlighting the role of AI in computational analysis of MG data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Priyanka Roy
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat 131 028, Haryana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat 131 028, Haryana, India.
| | - Tahir Ul Gani Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab 144411, India
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Edouard S, Courtois GD, Gautret P, Jouve JL, Minodier P, Noël G, Roch A, Brouqui P, Stein A, Drancourt M, Fournier PE, Raoult D. High Prevalence of Mycoplasma faucium DNA in the Human Oropharynx. J Clin Microbiol 2016; 54:194-6. [PMID: 26511735 PMCID: PMC4702739 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02068-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma faucium has recently been associated with brain abscesses and seems to originate from the mouth. We evaluated its prevalence by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in the oropharynxes of 644 subjects and found that 25% harbored M. faucium, probably constituting the gateway for entrance of the bacteria into cerebral abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Edouard
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Gaëlle Denis Courtois
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Gautret
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Luc Jouve
- Urgence Pédiatrique, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Minodier
- Urgence Pédiatrique, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Guilhem Noël
- Urgence Pédiatrique, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Roch
- Urgence Adulte, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Brouqui
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Andreas Stein
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, INSERM U 1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France IHU Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Abstract
Eight Mycoplasma species of human origin were successfully cultivated on glass. Complement-fixing (CF) antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas were potent, specific, and free from anticomplementary activity. PPLO broth medium supplemented with 1 to 5% PPLO serum fraction (bovine), 2.5% fresh yeast extract, and 1% glucose (glycolytic species) or 1% arginine (arginine-utilizing species) supported moderate to luxuriant growth of mycoplasmas on glass. The potency of CF antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas varied with the species of Mycoplasma tested and the duration of incubation. When the potency of CF antigens prepared from glass-adherent mycoplasmas was compared with that material sedimented from the broth phase of the same culture, three patterns of growth were observed: M. hominis and M. orale type 2 grew preferentially in the broth phase; M. salivarium, M. orale types 1 and 3, M. pneumoniae, and M. lipophilum preferentially adhered to the glass; and M. fermentans was biphasic. The growth of mycoplasmas on glass provides a simple means of concentrating and purifying such organisms for immunological and biochemical studies.
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