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Duarte RMF, Malta SM, Mascarenhas FNADP, Bittar VP, Borges AL, Teixeira RR, Zanon RG, Vieira CU, Espindola FS. Chronic exposure to 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane that induces intestinal damage and oxidative stress in larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104388. [PMID: 38355029 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic development is exceptionally susceptible to pathogenic, chemistry and mechanical stressors as they can disrupt homeostasis, causing damage and impacted viability. Oxidative stress has the capacity to induce alterations and reshape the environment. However, the specific impacts of these oxidative stress-induced damages in the gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila melanogaster larvae have been minimally explored. This study used 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), a free radical generator, to investigate oxidative stress effects on Drosophila embryo development. The results showed that exposing Drosophila eggs to 30 mM AAPH during 1st instar larva, 2nd instar larva and 3rd instar larva stages significantly reduced hatching rates and pupal generation. It increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased oxidative damage to proteins and MDA content, indicating severe oxidative stress. Morphological changes in 3rd individuals included decreased brush borders in enterocytes and reduced lipid vacuoles in trophocytes, essential fat bodies for insect metabolism. Immunostaining revealed elevated cleaved caspase 3, an apoptosis marker. This evidence validates the impact of oxidative stress toxicity and cell apoptosis following exposure, offering insights into comprehending the chemically induced effects of oxidative stress by AAPH on animal development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Mares Malta
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Prado Bittar
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Borges
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Graciele Zanon
- Institute of Biomedicals Science, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ueira Vieira
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
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2
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Diniz F, Parmeggiani B, Brandão G, Ferreira BK, Teixeira MF, Streck EL, Olivera-Bravo S, Barbeito LH, Schuck PF, de Melo Reis RA, Ferreira GC. Dual Effect of Carnosine on ROS Formation in Rat Cultured Cortical Astrocytes. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03880-0. [PMID: 38151612 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Carnosine is composed of β-alanine and L-histidine and is considered to be an important neuroprotective agent with antioxidant, metal chelating, and antisenescence properties. However, children with serum carnosinase deficiency present increased circulating carnosine and severe neurological symptoms. We here investigated the in vitro effects of carnosine on redox and mitochondrial parameters in cultured cortical astrocytes from neonatal rats. Carnosine did not alter mitochondrial content or mitochondrial membrane potential. On the other hand, carnosine increased mitochondrial superoxide anion formation, levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA), indicating that carnosine per se acts as a pro-oxidant agent. Nonetheless, carnosine prevented DCF-DA oxidation induced by H2O2 in cultured cortical astrocytes. Since alterations on mitochondrial membrane potential are not likely to be involved in these effects of carnosine, the involvement of N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the pro-oxidant actions of carnosine was investigated. MK-801, an antagonist of NMDA receptors, prevented DCF-DA oxidation induced by carnosine in cultured cortical astrocytes. Astrocyte reactivity induced by carnosine was also prevented by the coincubation with MK-801. The present study shows for the very first time the pro-oxidant effects of carnosine per se in astrocytes. The data raise awareness on the importance of a better understanding of the biological actions of carnosine, a nutraceutical otherwise widely reported as devoid of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Diniz
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas:Biofísica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brandão
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Klippel Ferreira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Monique Fonseca Teixeira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilio Luiz Streck
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patricia Fernanda Schuck
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas:Biofísica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Costa Ferreira
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas:Biofísica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Hajimoradi S, Hassanpour S, Vazir B. Maternal supplementation of L-Carnosine improves Reflexive Motor Behaviors in Mice Offspring. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137266. [PMID: 37088351 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal supplementation of L-carnosine on improved reflexive motor behaviors in mice offspring. Forty pregnant female NMRI mice were allocated into four groups. In the control group, mice received water, while in groups 2-4, female mice received supplementation of the L-carnosine (0.001, 0.01, or 0.1 mg/kg) at gestation days (G.D.) 5, 8, 11, 14, and 17. Newborn male pups were selected, and reflexive motor behaviors were analyzed on days 5, 7, 10, and 10-15, respectively. Serum malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPx) and total antioxidant status(TAS) of was determined in offspring's. According to findings, prenatal supplementation of the L-carnosine significantly increased ambulation score, surface righting, hind-limb suspension score, grip strength, front-limb suspension time, and negative geotaxis in mice offspring (P<0.05). Hind-limb foot angle decreased in mice offspring by maternal supplementation of the L-carnosine (P<0.05). Prenatal supplementation of the L-carnosine significantly decreased the MDA and increased the SOD, GPx, and TAS levels in offspring (P<0.05). These results suggested maternal supplementation of the L-carnosine improved reflexive motor behaviors and antioxidant status in mice offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hajimoradi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahin Hassanpour
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bita Vazir
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Privitera A, Cardaci V, Weerasekara D, Saab MW, Diolosà L, Fidilio A, Jolivet RB, Lazzarino G, Amorini AM, Camarda M, Lunte SM, Caraci F, Caruso G. Microfluidic/HPLC combination to study carnosine protective activity on challenged human microglia: Focus on oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1161794. [PMID: 37063279 PMCID: PMC10095171 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1161794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a naturally occurring endogenous peptide widely distributed in excitable tissues such as the brain. This dipeptide possesses well-demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aggregation properties, and it may be useful for treatment of pathologies characterized by oxidative stress and energy unbalance such as depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, are involved in different physiological brain activities such synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, but their dysregulation has been linked to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. In AD brain, the activation of microglia towards a pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory phenotype has found in an early phase of cognitive decline, reason why new pharmacological targets related to microglia activation are of great importance to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. In particular, microglia represent a common model of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced activation to identify novel pharmacological targets for depression and AD and numerous studies have linked the impairment of energy metabolism, including ATP dyshomeostasis, to the onset of depressive episodes. In the present study, we first investigated the toxic potential of LPS + ATP in the absence or presence of carnosine. Our studies were carried out on human microglia (HMC3 cell line) in which LPS + ATP combination has shown the ability to promote cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Additionally, to shed more light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effect of carnosine, its ability to modulate reactive oxygen species production and the variation of parameters representative of cellular energy metabolism was evaluated by microchip electrophoresis coupled to laser-induced fluorescence and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In our experimental conditions, carnosine prevented LPS + ATP-induced cell death and oxidative stress, also completely restoring basal energy metabolism in human HMC3 microglia. Our results suggest a therapeutic potential of carnosine as a new pharmacological tool in the context of multifactorial disorders characterize by neuroinflammatory phenomena including depression and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Privitera
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardaci
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
- Scuola Superiore di Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Dhanushka Weerasekara
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Miriam Wissam Saab
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lidia Diolosà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Annamaria Fidilio
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Renaud Blaise Jolivet
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Maria Amorini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Susan Marie Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
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5
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Lopachev AV, Abaimov DA, Filimonov IS, Kulichenkova KN, Fedorova TN. An assessment of the transport mechanism and intraneuronal stability of L-carnosine. Amino Acids 2021; 54:1115-1122. [PMID: 34694500 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
L-Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a well-known antioxidant and neuroprotector in various models on animals and cell cultures. However, while there is a plethora of data demonstrating its efficiency as a neuroprotector, there is a distinct lack of data regarding the mechanism of its take up by neurons. According to literature, cultures of rat astrocytes, SKPT cells and rat choroid plexus epithelial cells take up carnosine via the H+-coupled PEPT2 membrane transporter. We've assessed the effectiveness and mechanism of carnosine transport, and its stability in primary rat cortical culture neurons. We demonstrated that neurons take up carnosine via active transport with Km = 119 μM and a maximum velocity of 0.289 nmol/mg (prot)/min. Passive transport speed constituted 0.21∙10-4 nmol/mg (prot)/min (with 119 μM concentration in the medium)-significantly less than active transport speed. However, carnosine concentrations over 12.5 mM led to passive transport speed becoming greater than active transport speed. Using PEPT2 inhibitor zofenopril, we demonstrated that PEPT2-dependent transport is one of the main modes of carnosine take up by neurons. Our experiments demonstrated that incubation with carnosine does not affect PEPT2 amount present in culture. At the same time, after removing carnosine from the medium, its elimination speed by culture cells reached 0.035 nmol/mg (prot)/min, which led to a decrease in carnosine quantity to control levels in culture within 1 h. Thus, carnosine is taken up by neurons with an effectiveness comparable to that of other PEPT2 substrates, but its elimination rate suggests that for effective use as a neuroprotector it's necessary to either maintain a high concentration in brain tissue, or increase the effectiveness of glial cell synthesis of endogenous carnosine and its shuttling into neurons, or use more stable chemical modifications of carnosine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denis A Abaimov
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan S Filimonov
- All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements, 119361, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Caruso G, Benatti C, Musso N, Fresta CG, Fidilio A, Spampinato G, Brunello N, Bucolo C, Drago F, Lunte SM, Peterson BR, Tascedda F, Caraci F. Carnosine Protects Macrophages against the Toxicity of Aβ1-42 Oligomers by Decreasing Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050477. [PMID: 33926064 PMCID: PMC8146816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a naturally occurring endogenous peptide widely distributed in excitable tissues such as the brain. This dipeptide has well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aggregation activities, and it may be useful for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this disease, peripheral infiltrating macrophages play a substantial role in the clearance of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides from the brain. Correspondingly, in patients suffering from AD, defects in the capacity of peripheral macrophages to engulf Aβ have been reported. The effects of carnosine on macrophages and oxidative stress associated with AD are consequently of substantial interest for drug discovery in this field. In the present work, a model of stress induced by Aβ1-42 oligomers was investigated using a combination of methods including trypan blue exclusion, microchip electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and high-throughput quantitative real-time PCR. These assays were used to assess the ability of carnosine to protect macrophage cells, modulate oxidative stress, and profile the expression of genes related to inflammation and pro- and antioxidant systems. We found that pre-treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with carnosine counteracted cell death and apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42 oligomers by decreasing oxidative stress as measured by levels of intracellular nitric oxide (NO)/reactive oxygen species (ROS) and production of peroxynitrite. This protective activity of carnosine was not mediated by modulation of the canonical inflammatory pathway but instead can be explained by the well-known antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities of carnosine, enhanced macrophage phagocytic activity, and the rescue of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1. These new findings obtained with macrophages challenged with Aβ1-42 oligomers, along with the well-known multimodal mechanism of action of carnosine in vitro and in vivo, substantiate the therapeutic potential of this dipeptide in the context of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-7384265
| | - Cristina Benatti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.B.); (N.B.); (F.T.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (C.G.F.); (G.S.); (C.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Claudia G. Fresta
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (C.G.F.); (G.S.); (C.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Annamaria Fidilio
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Giorgia Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (C.G.F.); (G.S.); (C.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Nicoletta Brunello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.B.); (N.B.); (F.T.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (C.G.F.); (G.S.); (C.B.); (F.D.)
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (N.M.); (C.G.F.); (G.S.); (C.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Susan M. Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA
| | - Blake R. Peterson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (C.B.); (N.B.); (F.T.)
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (F.C.)
- Department of Laboratories, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
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Shchelkonogov VA, Darnotuk ES, Chekanov AV, Baranova OA, Kazarinov KD, Shastina NS, Stvolinsky SL, Fedorova TN, Solov’eva EY, Fedin AI, Sorokoumova GM. Liposomal Drug with Carnosine and Lipoic Acid: Preparation, Antioxidant and Antiplatelet Properties. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350921020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Masuoka N, Lei C, Li H, Hisatsune T. Influence of Imidazole-Dipeptides on Cognitive Status and Preservation in Elders: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020397. [PMID: 33513893 PMCID: PMC7912684 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increase in the number of patients with dementia is becoming a growing problem, while Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a primary neurodegenerative disorder, accounts for more than 70% of all dementia cases. Research on the prevention or reduction of AD occurrence through food ingredients has been widely conducted. In particular, histidine-containing dipeptides, also known as imidazole dipeptides derived from meat, have received much attention. Imidazole dipeptides are abundant in meats such as poultry, fish, and pork. As evidenced by data from recent human intervention trials conducted worldwide, daily supplementation of carnosine and anserine, which are both imidazole dipeptides, can improve memory loss in the elderly and reduce the risk of developing AD. This article also summarizes the latest researches on the biochemical properties of imidazole dipeptides and their effects on animal models associated with age-related cognitive decline. In this review, we focus on the results of human intervention studies using supplements of poultry-derived imidazole dipeptides, including anserine and carnosine, affecting the preservation of cognitive function in the elderly, and discuss how imidazole dipeptides act in the brain to prevent age-related cognitive decline and the onset of dementia.
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Calabrese V, Scuto M, Salinaro AT, Dionisio G, Modafferi S, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto S, Schmitt CP, Calabrese EJ, Peters V. Hydrogen Sulfide and Carnosine: Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Kidney and Brain Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121303. [PMID: 33353117 PMCID: PMC7767317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the dysregulation of cellular redox homeostasis and chronic inflammatory processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney and brain disorders. In this light, endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exert cytoprotective actions through the modulation of redox-dependent resilience pathways during oxidative stress and inflammation. Several recent studies have elucidated a functional crosstalk occurring between kidney and the brain. The pathophysiological link of this crosstalk is represented by oxidative stress and inflammatory processes which contribute to the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and dementia during the natural history of chronic kidney disease. Herein, we provide an overview of the main pathophysiological mechanisms related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neurotoxins, which play a critical role in the kidney–brain crosstalk. The present paper also explores the respective role of H2S and carnosine in the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney–brain axis. It suggests that these activities are likely mediated, at least in part, via hormetic processes, involving Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-like 2), Hsp 70 (heat shock protein 70), SIRT-1 (Sirtuin-1), Trx (Thioredoxin), and the glutathione system. Metabolic interactions at the kidney and brain axis level operate in controlling and reducing oxidant-induced inflammatory damage and therefore, can be a promising potential therapeutic target to reduce the severity of renal and brain injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Dionisio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark;
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Edward J. Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
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Chester JE, Rowneki M, Van Doren W, Helmer DA. Progression of intervention-focused research for Gulf War illness. Mil Med Res 2019; 6:31. [PMID: 31627737 PMCID: PMC6798371 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-019-0221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Persian Gulf War of 1990 to 1991 involved the deployment of nearly 700,000 American troops to the Middle East. Deployment-related exposures to toxic substances such as pesticides, nerve agents, pyridostigmine bromide (PB), smoke from burning oil wells, and petrochemicals may have contributed to medical illness in as many as 250,000 of those American troops. The cluster of chronic symptoms, now referred to as Gulf War Illness (GWI), has been studied by many researchers over the past two decades. Although over $500 million has been spent on GWI research, to date, no cures or condition-specific treatments have been discovered, and the exact pathophysiology remains elusive.Using the 2007 National Institute of Health (NIH) Roadmap for Medical Research model as a reference framework, we reviewed studies of interventions involving GWI patients to assess the progress of treatment-related GWI research. All GWI clinical trial studies reviewed involved investigations of existing interventions that have shown efficacy in other diseases with analogous symptoms. After reviewing the published and ongoing registered clinical trials for cognitive-behavioral therapy, exercise therapy, acupuncture, coenzyme Q10, mifepristone, and carnosine in GWI patients, we identified only four treatments (cognitive-behavioral therapy, exercise therapy, CoQ10, and mifepristone) that have progressed beyond a phase II trial.We conclude that progress in the scientific study of therapies for GWI has not followed the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research model. Establishment of a standard case definition, prioritized GWI research funding for the characterization of the pathophysiology of the condition, and rapid replication and adaptation of early phase, single site clinical trials could substantially advance research progress and treatment discovery for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy E Chester
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Healthcare System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA. .,War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving St., Washington, DC, NW, 20422, USA.
| | - Mazhgan Rowneki
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Healthcare System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA
| | - William Van Doren
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Healthcare System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA
| | - Drew A Helmer
- War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Healthcare System, 385 Tremont Avenue, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA.,Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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11
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Schön M, Mousa A, Berk M, Chia WL, Ukropec J, Majid A, Ukropcová B, de Courten B. The Potential of Carnosine in Brain-Related Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061196. [PMID: 31141890 PMCID: PMC6627134 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders represent a serious burden because of their increasing prevalence, risk of disability, and the lack of effective causal/disease-modifying treatments. There is a growing body of evidence indicating potentially favourable effects of carnosine, which is an over-the-counter food supplement, in peripheral tissues. Although most studies to date have focused on the role of carnosine in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, the physiological presence of this di-peptide and its analogues in the brain together with their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier as well as evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies suggest carnosine as a promising therapeutic target in brain disorders. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of carnosine in neurological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, summarizing current evidence from cell, animal, and human cross-sectional, longitudinal studies, and randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schön
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
- Orygen, The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Wern L Chia
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Arshad Majid
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81439 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, 81469 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia.
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12
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Caruso G, Fresta CG, Musso N, Giambirtone M, Grasso M, Spampinato SF, Merlo S, Drago F, Lazzarino G, Sortino MA, Lunte SM, Caraci F. Carnosine Prevents Aβ-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Microglial Cells: A Key Role of TGF-β1. Cells 2019; 8:E64. [PMID: 30658430 PMCID: PMC6356400 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine), a dipeptide, is an endogenous antioxidant widely distributed in excitable tissues like muscles and the brain. Carnosine is involved in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress, including the inhibition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and the scavenging of reactive species. Microglia play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, promoting neuroinflammation through the secretion of inflammatory mediators and free radicals. However, the effects of carnosine on microglial cells and neuroinflammation are not well understood. In the present work, carnosine was tested for its ability to protect BV-2 microglial cells against oligomeric Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Carnosine prevented cell death in BV-2 cells challenged with Aβ oligomers through multiple mechanisms. Specifically, carnosine lowered the oxidative stress by decreasing NO and O₂-• intracellular levels as well as the expression of iNOS and Nox enzymes. Carnosine also decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, simultaneously rescuing IL-10 levels and increasing the expression and the release of TGF-β1. Carnosine also prevented Aβ-induced neurodegeneration in mixed neuronal cultures challenged with Aβ oligomers, and these neuroprotective effects were completely abolished by SB431542, a selective inhibitor of the type-1 TGF-β receptor. Our data suggest a multimodal mechanism of action of carnosine underlying its protective effects on microglial cells against Aβ toxicity with a key role of TGF-β1 in mediating these protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia G Fresta
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA.
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Bio-nanotech Research and Innovation Tower (BRIT), University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | | | - Margherita Grasso
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy.
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Simona F Spampinato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Sara Merlo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Division of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria A Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Susan M Lunte
- Ralph N. Adams Institute for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047-1620, USA.
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy.
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Colín‐Barenque L, Bizarro‐Nevares P, González Villalva A, Pedraza‐Chaverri J, Medina‐Campos ON, Jimenez‐Martínez R, Rodríguez‐Rangel DS, Reséndiz S, Fortoul TI. Neuroprotective effect of carnosine in the olfactory bulb after vanadium inhalation in a mouse model. Int J Exp Pathol 2018; 99:180-188. [PMID: 30198103 PMCID: PMC6157302 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is synthesized in the olfactory system, has antioxidant activity as a scavenger of free radicals and has been reported to have neuroprotective action in diseases which have been attributed to oxidative damage. In neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, impairment of olfactory function has been described. Vanadium derivatives are environmental pollutants, and its toxicity has been associated with oxidative stress. Vanadium toxicity on the olfactory bulb was reported previously. This study investigates the neuroprotective effect of carnosine on the olfactory bulb in a mice model of vanadium inhalation. Male mice were divided into four groups: vanadium pentoxide (V2 O5 ) [0.02 mol/L] inhalation for one hour twice a week; V2 O5 inhalation plus 1 mg/kg of carnosine administered daily; carnosine only, and the control group that inhaled saline. The olfactory function was evaluated using the odorant test. Animals were sacrificed four weeks after exposure. The olfactory bulbs were dissected and processed using the rapid Golgi method; cytological and ultrastructural analysis was performed and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were measured. The results showed evidence of olfactory dysfunction caused by vanadium exposure and also an increase in MDA levels, loss of dendritic spines and necrotic neuronal death in the granule cells. But, in contrast, vanadium-exposed mice treated with carnosine showed an increase in dendritic spines and a decrease in neuronal death and in MDA levels when compared with the group exposed to vanadium without carnosine. These results suggest that dendritic spine loss and ultrastructural alterations in the granule cells induced by vanadium are mediated by oxidative stress and that carnosine may modulate the neurotoxic vanadium action, improving the olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefanie Reséndiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TisularFacultad de MedicinaUNAMMéxico CityMéxico
| | - Teresa I. Fortoul
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TisularFacultad de MedicinaUNAMMéxico CityMéxico
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14
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Tiwari N, Bhatia P, Kumar A, Jaggi AS, Singh N. Potential of carnosine, a histamine precursor in rat model of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion-induced vascular dementia. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2018; 32:516-531. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tiwari
- CNS Research Lab.; Pharmacology Division; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Pankaj Bhatia
- CNS Research Lab.; Pharmacology Division; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Amit Kumar
- CNS Research Lab.; Pharmacology Division; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
- Pharmacology Division; Maharaja Agrasen School of Pharmacy; Maharaja Agrasen University; Baddi 174103 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Amteshwar S. Jaggi
- Pharmacology Division; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Pharmacology Division; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research; Faculty of Medicine; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
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Lopachev AV, Lopacheva OM, Nikiforova KA, Filimonov IS, Fedorova TN, Akkuratov EE. Comparative Action of Cardiotonic Steroids on Intracellular Processes in Rat Cortical Neurons. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:140-151. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Chistyakov DV, Azbukina NV, Lopachev AV, Kulichenkova KN, Astakhova AA, Sergeeva MG. Rosiglitazone as a Modulator of TLR4 and TLR3 Signaling Pathways in Rat Primary Neurons and Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E113. [PMID: 29301276 PMCID: PMC5796062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An antidiabetic drug of the thiazolidinedione class, rosiglitazone (RG) demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties in various brain pathologies. The mechanism of RG action in brain cells is not fully known. To unravel mechanisms of RG modulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, we compare primary rat neuron and astrocyte cultures stimulated with the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the TLR3 agonist poly I:C (PIC). Both TLR agonists induced tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) release in astrocytes, but not in neurons. Neurons and astrocytes released interleukin-10 (IL-10) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) in response to LPS and PIC. RG decreased TLR-stimulated TNFα release in astrocytes as well as potentiated IL-10 and PGE₂ release in both astrocytes and neurons. RG induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) in neurons. The results reveal new role of RG as a modulator of resolution of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Chistyakov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
- Laboratory of electrophysiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Nadezda V Azbukina
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow 119234 Russia.
| | | | | | - Alina A Astakhova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Marina G Sergeeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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17
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Carnosine protects brain mitochondria under hyperammonemic conditions: Relevance to hepatic encephalopathy treatment. PHARMANUTRITION 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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Font J, López-Cano M, Notartomaso S, Scarselli P, Di Pietro P, Bresolí-Obach R, Battaglia G, Malhaire F, Rovira X, Catena J, Giraldo J, Pin JP, Fernández-Dueñas V, Goudet C, Nonell S, Nicoletti F, Llebaria A, Ciruela F. Optical control of pain in vivo with a photoactive mGlu 5 receptor negative allosteric modulator. eLife 2017; 6:e23545. [PMID: 28395733 PMCID: PMC5388536 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-operated drugs constitute a major target in drug discovery, since they may provide spatiotemporal resolution for the treatment of complex diseases (i.e. chronic pain). JF-NP-26 is an inactive photocaged derivative of the metabotropic glutamate type 5 (mGlu5) receptor negative allosteric modulator raseglurant. Violet light illumination of JF-NP-26 induces a photochemical reaction prompting the active-drug's release, which effectively controls mGlu5 receptor activity both in ectopic expressing systems and in striatal primary neurons. Systemic administration in mice followed by local light-emitting diode (LED)-based illumination, either of the thalamus or the peripheral tissues, induced JF-NP-26-mediated light-dependent analgesia both in neuropathic and in acute/tonic inflammatory pain models. These data offer the first example of optical control of analgesia in vivo using a photocaged mGlu5 receptor negative allosteric modulator. This approach shows potential for precisely targeting, in time and space, endogenous receptors, which may allow a better management of difficult-to-treat disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Font
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc López-Cano
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanny Malhaire
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Rovira
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Juanlo Catena
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Fernández-Dueñas
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyril Goudet
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Lopachev AV, Lopacheva OM, Akkuratov EE, Stvolinskii SL, Fedorova TN. Carnosine protects a primary cerebellar cell culture from acute NMDA toxicity. NEUROCHEM J+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712417010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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