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Britten J, Roura-Monllor JA, Malik M, Moran S, DeAngelis A, Driggers P, Afrin S, Borahay M, Catherino WH. Simvastatin induces degradation of the extracellular matrix in human leiomyomata: novel in vitro, in vivo, and patient level evidence of matrix metalloproteinase involvement. F&S SCIENCE 2024; 5:80-91. [PMID: 38043603 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of simvastatin on uterine leiomyoma growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. DESIGN Laboratory analysis of human leiomyoma cell culture, xenograft in a mouse model, and patient tissue from a clinical trial. SETTING Academic research center. PATIENT(S) Tissue culture from human leiomyoma tissue and surgical leiomyoma tissue sections from a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. INTERVENTION(S) Simvastatin treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum concentrations, xenograft volumes, and protein expression. RESULTS Mice xenografted with 3-dimensional human leiomyoma cultures were divided as follows: 7 untreated controls; 12 treated with activated simvastatin at 10 mg/kg body weight; and 15 at 20 mg/kg body weight. Simvastatin was detected in the serum of mice injected at the highest dose. Xenograft volumes were significantly smaller (mean 53% smaller at the highest concentration). There was dissolution of compact ECM, decreased ECM formation, and lower collagen protein expression in xenografts. Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase was increased in vitro and in vivo. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 were increased in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin exhibited antitumoral activity with ECM degradation and decreased leiomyoma tumor volume in vivo. Activation of the matrix metalloproteinase 2, membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase, and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 pathway may explain these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Britten
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jaime A Roura-Monllor
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Minnie Malik
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sean Moran
- Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anthony DeAngelis
- National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul Driggers
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mostafa Borahay
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William H Catherino
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Shi Y, Chen S, Xing H, Jiang G, Wu N, Liu Q, Sakamoto N, Kuno T, Sugiura R, Xiao Q, Jin F, Fang Y, Yao F. Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic Microenvironment-Related Genes in Invasive Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:576911. [PMID: 35047378 PMCID: PMC8761742 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.576911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reveal that tumor microenvironment contributes to breast cancer (BRCA) development, progression, and therapeutic response. However, the contribution of the tumor microenvironment-related genes in routine diagnostic testing or therapeutic decision making for BRCA remains elusive. Immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm quantify immune and stromal components in a tumor, and thus can reflect tumor microenvironment. To investigate the association of the tumor microenvironment-related genes with invasive BRCA prognosis, here we analyzed the immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores in combination with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database in invasive BRCA. We found that immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores were significantly correlated with the invasive BRCA clinicopathological factors. Based on the immune/stromal/ESTIMATE scores, we extracted a series of differential expression genes (DEGs) related to the tumor microenvironment. Survival analysis was further performed to identify a list of high-frequency DEGs (HF-DEGs), which exhibited prognostic value in invasive BRCA. Importantly, consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry results showed that high SASH3 expression was associated with a good prognosis in invasive BRCA patients. Our findings suggest that the tumor microenvironment-related HF-DEGs identified in this study have prognostic values and may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for invasive BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrong Shi
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huijuan Xing
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanglie Jiang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Norihiro Sakamoto
- Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuno
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Qinghuan Xiao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Research Unit of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Fang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Research Unit of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Fındık O, Baris O, Yazir Y, Yilmaz MY, Rencber SF, Sarihan KK, Kunt AT. Changes in cardiac cells due to ticagrelor and enoxaparin in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2021; 67:1764-1770. [PMID: 34909947 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on ischemia/reperfusion injury remain the focus of interest. Ticagrelor and enoxaparin, which are antiaggregant and anticoagulant drugs developed for use in many cardiovascular pathologies, are still included in many ischemia/reperfusion studies. Remarkably, their new protective effects, especially with regard to ticagrelor, continue to be reported in the current literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of ticagrelor and enoxaparin pretreatments on the rat heart with histological and immunohistochemical markers in an ischemia/reperfusion model. METHODS Wistar-albino rats (weighing 350-400 g) were divided into four groups as follows: Sham-Control (Group 1), Control-Saline+ischemia/reperfusion (Group 2), Ticagrelor+ischemia/reperfusion (Group 3), and Enoxaparin+ischemia/reperfusion (Group 4). The ischemia/reperfusion injury model was applied to Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4. Heart tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological examinations. Caspase 3 immunostaining was evaluated to detect apoptosis in the heart tissue sections. RESULTS Both pretreatments ameliorated the ischemic damage but especially tissue sections belonging to Group 3 were nearly similar to control levels. The results indicated that ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial damage was significantly increased in Group 2, whereas ticagrelor and enoxaparin pretreatments in Group 3 and Group 4 significantly decreased apoptotic scores and the histological appearance of the Group 3 close to the normal myocardium (p<0.001). CONCLUSION As supported by histological findings in our study, ticagrelor and enoxaparin have protective properties for heart tissue in this ischemia/reperfusion injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Fındık
- Health Sciences University, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Baris
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yusufhan Yazir
- Kocaeli University, Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice - Kocaeli, Turkey.,Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Melda Yardimoglu Yilmaz
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Selenay Furat Rencber
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kübra Kavram Sarihan
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Atike Tekeli Kunt
- Kirikkale University School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery - Kirikkale, Turkey
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Carbonic Anhydrase IX and Survivin in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells: Slovakian Population Study. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090872. [PMID: 34571749 PMCID: PMC8466885 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This retrospective study (Slovakian population study) brings information about immunohistochemical detection of CAIX and survivin in 74 samples of human colorectal adenocarcinoma and comparison their expression with expression in healthy colon tissue. Our results show that all of samples with healthy colon tissue were CAIX and survivin-negative and there is no statistically significant dependence of these proteins and the chosen clinicopathological parameters. These findings demonstrate that detection of these proteins could be useful for tumor diagnostic and prognostic and CAIX and survivin could represent independent negative prognostic markers of colorectal cancer. Abstract The aim of this study was to detect carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and survivin in the colorectal adenocarcinoma cells of the Slovakian population. We used an indirect three-step immunohistochemical method with DAB staining for the localization of the proteins and investigation their expression. We compared their expression with expression in healthy colorectal tissue. In 74 tissues of colorectal adenocarcinomas, 42% showed CAIX positivity and 20% showed survivin positivity. Brown membrane immunostaining was visible in CAIX-positive tumors. Survivin-positive tumors had strong brown cytoplasmic immunostaining. Co-expression of both proteins was present in five specimens (7%). The samples of normal colorectal tissue (without carcinoma) were CAIX-negative and survivin-negative. We also applied the Chi-squared test for evaluation statistically significant association between the expression of proteins and selected clinical and histopathological parameters. We did not find any statistically significant correlations between CAIX or survivin expression and sex of patients, the grade of the tumor, nodal status and presence of metastasis (p > 0.05). The fact that all samples of normal colorectal tissue were CAIX- and survivin-negative could lead to the possibility of using these two proteins as potential tumor diagnostic markers. On the basic of the available publications and data, we suggest that CAIX and survivin could be negative independent prognostic markers of colorectal cancer, which could affect response to therapy.
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Karakaya FB, Yavuz M, Sirvanci S. Histological analysis of the effects of thymoquinone on testicular damage in pentylenetetrazole-induced temporal lobe epilepsy model. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14130. [PMID: 34414592 DOI: 10.1111/and.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate possible ameliorating effects of thymoquinone on testicular damage in an epilepsy model. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. The animals in sham-operated groups were given saline or thymoquinone (s.c.); and the animals in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) group were applied PTZ. The animals in PTZ+thymoquinone group were given thymoquinone (i.p) for 6 days after applying PTZ. Hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and TUNEL staining and PCNA, StAR, inhibin β-B immunohistochemistry and ZO-1 immunofluorescence methods were applied. Staining intensity and cell numbers were determined. Degeneration of seminiferous tubules was observed in PTZ group. Most of the tubules showed normal morphology in the PTZ+thymoquinone group. Apoptotic cell index was found to be increased and proliferative index decreased in PTZ group. Thymoquinone administration decreased apoptotic index and increased proliferation index. In PTZ group, ZO-1, StAR and inhibin β-B immunohistochemical staining intensity was observed to be decreased and after thymoquinone application, ZO-1 was increased. StAR and inhibin β-B-positive cell numbers were decreased in PTZ group and increased in the PTZ +thymoquinone group. In this study, it was observed that PTZ-induced epileptic seizures caused testicular damage in the rat and thymoquinone ameliorated these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Bedia Karakaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melis Yavuz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Sirvanci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Su KM, Gao HW, Chang CM, Lu KH, Yu MH, Lin YH, Liu LC, Chang CC, Li YF, Chang CC. Synergistic AHR Binding Pathway with EMT Effects on Serous Ovarian Tumors Recognized by Multidisciplinary Integrated Analysis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:866. [PMID: 34440070 PMCID: PMC8389648 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) are fatal and obstinate among gynecological malignancies in advanced stage or relapsed status, with serous carcinomas accounting for the vast majority. Unlike EOCs, borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs), including serous BOTs, maintain a semimalignant appearance. Using gene ontology (GO)-based integrative analysis, we analyzed gene set databases of serous BOTs and serous ovarian carcinomas for dysregulated GO terms and pathways and identified multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in various aspects. The SRC (SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase) gene and dysfunctional aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding pathway consistently influenced progression-free survival and overall survival, and immunohistochemical staining revealed elevated expression of related biomarkers (SRC, ARNT, and TBP) in serous BOT and ovarian carcinoma samples. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important during tumorigenesis, and we confirmed the SNAI2 (Snail family transcriptional repressor 2, SLUG) gene showing significantly high performance by immunohistochemistry. During serous ovarian tumor formation, activated AHR in the cytoplasm could cooperate with SRC, enter cell nuclei, bind to AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) together with TATA-Box Binding Protein (TBP), and act on DNA to initiate AHR-responsive genes to cause tumor or cancer initiation. Additionally, SNAI2 in the tumor microenvironment can facilitate EMT accompanied by tumorigenesis. Although it has not been possible to classify serous BOTs and serous ovarian carcinomas as the same EOC subtype, the key determinants of relevant DEGs (SRC, ARNT, TBP, and SNAI2) found here had a crucial role in the pathogenetic mechanism of both tumor types, implying gradual evolutionary tendencies from serous BOTs to ovarian carcinomas. In the future, targeted therapy could focus on these revealed targets together with precise detection to improve therapeutic effects and patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Min Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Hong-Wei Gao
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Mu-Hsien Yu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Li-Chun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Yao-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (K.-M.S.); (M.-H.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (L.-C.L.); (C.-C.C.)
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Groiss S, Somvilla I, Daxböck C, Fuchs J, Lang-Olip I, Stiegler P, Leber B, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Brislinger D. Quantification of increased MUC5AC expression in airway mucus of smoker using an automated image-based approach. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:5-18. [PMID: 34288207 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic analysis of mucus quantity and composition is crucial in research and diagnostics on muco-obstructive diseases. Currently used image-based methods are unable to extract concrete numeric values of mucosal proteins, especially on the expression of the key mucosal proteins MUC5AC and MUC5B. Since their levels increase under pathologic conditions such as extensive exposure to cigarette smoke, it is imperative to quantify them to improve treatment strategies of pulmonary diseases. This study presents a simple, image-based, and high-processing computational method that allows determining the ratio of MUC5AC and MUC5B within the overall airway mucus while providing information on their spatial distribution. The presented pipeline was optimized for automated downstream analysis using a combination of bright field and immunofluorescence imaging suitable for tracheal and bronchial tissue samples, and air-liquid interface (ALI) cell cultures. To validate our approach, we compared tracheal tissue and ALI cell cultures of isolated primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells derived from smokers and nonsmokers. Our data indicated 18-fold higher levels of MUC5AC in submucosal glands of smokers covering about 8% of mucosal areas compared to <1% in nonsmoking individuals, confirming results of previous studies. We further identified a subpopulation of nonsmokers with slightly elevated glandular MUC5AC levels suggesting moderate exposure to second-hand smoke or fine particulate air pollution. Overall, this study demonstrates a novel, user-friendly and freely available tool for digital pathology and the analysis of therapeutic interventions tested in ALI cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Groiss
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ina Somvilla
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Daxböck
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingrid Lang-Olip
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Stiegler
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bettina Leber
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Brislinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Liang SK, Hsu CC, Song HL, Huang YC, Kuo CW, Yao X, Li CC, Yang HC, Hung YL, Chao SY, Wu SC, Tsai FR, Chen JK, Liao WN, Cheng SC, Tsou TC, Wang IC. FOXM1 is required for small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis and associated with poor clinical prognosis. Oncogene 2021; 40:4847-4858. [PMID: 34155349 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) continues to cause poor clinical outcomes due to limited advances in sustained treatments for rapid cancer cell proliferation and progression. The transcriptional factor Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) regulates cell proliferation, tumor initiation, and progression in multiple cancer types. However, its biological function and clinical significance in SCLC remain unestablished. Analysis of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and SCLC datasets in the present study disclosed significant upregulation of FOXM1 mRNA in SCLC cell lines and tissues. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that FOXM1 is positively correlated with pathways regulating cell proliferation and DNA damage repair, as evident from sensitization of FOXM1-depleted SCLC cells to chemotherapy. Furthermore, Foxm1 knockout inhibited SCLC formation in the Rb1fl/flTrp53fl/flMycLSL/LSL (RPM) mouse model associated with increased levels of neuroendocrine markers, Ascl1 and Cgrp, and decrease in Yap1. Consistently, FOXM1 depletion in NCI-H1688 SCLC cells reduced migration and enhanced apoptosis and sensitivity to cisplatin and etoposide. SCLC with high FOXM1 expression (N = 30, 57.7%) was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, extrathoracic metastases, and decrease in overall survival (OS), compared with the low-FOXM1 group (7.90 vs. 12.46 months). Moreover, the high-FOXM1 group showed shorter progression-free survival after standard chemotherapy, compared with the low-FOXM1 group (3.90 vs. 8.69 months). Our collective findings support the utility of FOXM1 as a prognostic biomarker and potential molecular target for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chan Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Lin Song
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Kuo
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Xiang Yao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Hung
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yang Chao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chi Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Ren Tsai
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Neng Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chin Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361102, China
| | - Tsui-Chun Tsou
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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Wang J, Hu L, Liu Z, Wang H, Zhang H, Song X, Sun X, Wang D. Identification of Heat Shock Protein 90 as a Recurrence Related Marker in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 36:8-17. [PMID: 33940949 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211012820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a highly recurrent tumor after curative surgery. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression in JNA and its association with tumor recurrence. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess HSP90 expression using tissue microarrays containing 70 JNA patients and 10 control subjects. The associations of HSP90 expression with clinicopathological features and tumor recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed high HSP90 expression in JNA compared with normal middle turbinate samples. High expression of HSP90, which correlated with MVD (P = .001), ER-α (P = .001), VEGF (P < .001) and JNA recurrence (P = .009), was an independent prognostic factor of time to recurrence (P = .017). The combination of HSP90 and ER-α had a better power to predict disease recurrence than other clinicopathological features (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS HSP90 may be an independent prognostic marker in JNA patients administered surgical treatment. Combination of HSP90 and ER-α expression may be the best predictor of tumor recurrence among all clinicopathological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Experimental Center, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuofu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Huankang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaole Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - XiCai Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - DeHui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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10
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Lizárraga-Verdugo E, Carmona TG, Ramos-Payan R, Avendaño-Félix M, Bermúdez M, Parra-Niebla M, López-Camarillo C, Fernandez-Figueroa E, Lino-Silva L, Saavedra HA, Vela-Sarmiento I, Ovando RC, Ruíz-García E, Aguilar-Medina M. SOX9 is associated with advanced T-stages of clinical stage II colon cancer in young Mexican patients. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:497. [PMID: 33981359 PMCID: PMC8108287 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and includes colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC). Regarding CC, the development of novel molecular biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis, as well as the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention, are urgently needed. SRY-related high-mobility group box 9 (SOX9), a transcription factor, is involved in development, and has been associated with the progression of human cancer. However, its underlying clinical and functional effects in CRC have not been fully understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional relevance of SOX9 expression in CC. The expression of SOX9 in tumor tissues was evaluated in 97 biopsies from Mexican patients with CC with early-stage I and II disease by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, SOX9 silencing in the HCT116 cell line was performed using specific small interfering RNAs, while downregulation efficiency was verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. Spheroid-formation assay was carried out using ultra-low attachment plates. The IHC results showed that SOX9 was upregulated in patients with stage II (91%) and advanced T3 stage (67%) CC. Interestingly, higher SOX9 expression was associated with clinical stage, tumor size and tumor location. Furthermore, increased SOX9 expression was found in relapsed cases with local tumors; however, it was not associated with increased survival probability. Additionally, functional analysis indicated that SOX9 silencing significantly attenuated the sphere-formation capability of HCT116 cells. The present study was the first to evaluate the expression levels of SOX9 in Mexican patients diagnosed with early-stage CC. The aforementioned findings indicated that high SOX9 expression could play an important role in tumorigenesis and be associated with advanced T-stages of clinical-stage II patients, but not with relapse-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Lizárraga-Verdugo
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Rosalío Ramos-Payan
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Félix
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Bermúdez
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Maryelv Parra-Niebla
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Oncogenomics Laboratory, Autonomous University of Mexico City, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Fernandez-Figueroa
- Department of Computational Genomics Laboratories, National Cancer Institute, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Lino-Silva
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Itzel Vela-Sarmiento
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumors, National Cancer Institute, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Department of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Institute, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, 80010 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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11
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Dysregulated Immunological Functionome and Dysfunctional Metabolic Pathway Recognized for the Pathogenesis of Borderline Ovarian Tumors by Integrative Polygenic Analytics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084105. [PMID: 33921111 PMCID: PMC8071470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of ovarian low malignant potential (LMP) tumors or borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) have not been fully elucidated to date. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment for this disease, and diagnosis is mainly made by histopathology to date. However, there is no integrated analysis investigating the tumorigenesis of BOTs with open experimental data. Therefore, we first utilized a functionome-based speculative model from the aggregated obtainable datasets to explore the expression profiling data among all BOTs and two major subtypes of BOTs, serous BOTs (SBOTs) and mucinous BOTs (MBOTs), by analyzing the functional regularity patterns and clustering the separate gene sets. We next prospected and assembled the association between these targeted biomolecular functions and their related genes. Our research found that BOTs can be accurately recognized by gene expression profiles by means of integrative polygenic analytics among all BOTs, SBOTs, and MBOTs; the results exhibited the top 41 common dysregulated biomolecular functions, which were sorted into four major categories: immune and inflammatory response-related functions, cell membrane- and transporter-related functions, cell cycle- and signaling-related functions, and cell metabolism-related functions, which were the key elements involved in its pathogenesis. In contrast to previous research, we identified 19 representative genes from the above classified categories (IL6, CCR2 for immune and inflammatory response-related functions; IFNG, ATP1B1, GAS6, and PSEN1 for cell membrane- and transporter-related functions; CTNNB1, GATA3, and IL1B for cell cycle- and signaling-related functions; and AKT1, SIRT1, IL4, PDGFB, MAPK3, SRC, TWIST1, TGFB1, ADIPOQ, and PPARGC1A for cell metabolism-related functions) that were relevant in the cause and development of BOTs. We also noticed that a dysfunctional pathway of galactose catabolism had taken place among all BOTs, SBOTs, and MBOTs from the analyzed gene set databases of canonical pathways. With the help of immunostaining, we verified significantly higher performance of interleukin 6 (IL6) and galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) among BOTs than the controls. In conclusion, a bioinformatic platform of gene-set integrative molecular functionomes and biophysiological pathways was constructed in this study to interpret the complicated pathogenic pathways of BOTs, and these important findings demonstrated the dysregulated immunological functionome and dysfunctional metabolic pathway as potential roles during the tumorigenesis of BOTs and may be helpful for the diagnosis and therapy of BOTs in the future.
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12
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Oungsakul P, Choi E, Shah AK, Mohamed A, O’Leary C, Duffy D, Hill MM, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. Candidate Glycoprotein Biomarkers for Canine Visceral Hemangiosarcoma and Validation Using Semi-Quantitative Lectin/Immunohistochemical Assays. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8030038. [PMID: 33673507 PMCID: PMC7997418 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is one of the more frequent cancers in dogs and has a high metastatic rate and poor prognosis, as clinical signs only become apparent in advanced stages of tumor development. In order to improve early and differential diagnostic capabilities and hence, prognosis for dogs with HSA, two types of biomarker are needed: a point-of-care diagnostic biomarker and a prognostic biomarker—preferentially based on samples obtained with minimally invasive methods. In this study, we applied a lectin magnetic bead array-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LeMBA-MS/MS) workflow through discovery and validation phases to discover serum glycoprotein biomarker candidates for canine HSA. By this approach, we found that Datura stramonium (DSA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Sambucus nigra (SNA), and Pisum sativum (PSA) lectins captured the highest number of validated candidate glycoproteins. Secondly, we independently validated serum LeMBA-MS/MS results by demonstrating the in situ relationship of lectin-binding with tumor cells. Using lectin-histochemistry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for key proteins on tissues with HSA and semi-quantitation of the signals, we demonstrate that a combination of DSA histochemistry and IHC for complement C7 greatly increases the prospect of a more specific diagnosis of canine HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patharee Oungsakul
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia; (P.O.); (C.O.)
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (E.C.); (A.K.S.); (D.D.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Eunju Choi
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (E.C.); (A.K.S.); (D.D.); (M.M.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alok K. Shah
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (E.C.); (A.K.S.); (D.D.); (M.M.H.)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Ahmed Mohamed
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Caroline O’Leary
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia; (P.O.); (C.O.)
| | - David Duffy
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (E.C.); (A.K.S.); (D.D.); (M.M.H.)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Michelle M. Hill
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (E.C.); (A.K.S.); (D.D.); (M.M.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia; (P.O.); (C.O.)
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence:
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13
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Geng H, Guo M, Xu W, Zang X, Wu T, Teng F, Wang Y, Liu X, Wang X, Sun Q, Liang J. SHCBP1 Promotes Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Carcinogenesis and Progression Through Promoting Formation of Integrin and Collagen and Maintaining Cell Stemness. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 11:613879. [PMID: 33716952 PMCID: PMC7953042 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.613879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer with a rapidly increasing incidence globally. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that SHCBP1 (SHC SH2 Domain-Binding Protein 1) was significantly up-regulated in PTC tumor tissues, which was further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and qPCR analyses in Xuzhou cohort. Moreover, the results indicated that the mRNA level of SHCBP1 was negatively associated with patients' disease-free survival rate, and further analysis reveals that patients with high SHCBP1 expression tend to have more lymph node metastasis. Afterward, MTT, colony formation, cell-cycle assay, FACS apoptosis assay, invasion, migration, as well as scratch assay were performed to study the phenotypes change of PTC cells after knocking down SHCBP1. The in vivo subcutaneous tumor model was developed to study the proliferation ability of PTC cells after SHCBP1 knockdown. We show that knock down of SHCBP1 significantly inhibits PTC cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and migration in vivo and in vitro. Western blot and qRT-PCR showed that knockdown of SHCBP1 could significantly reduce MYC, KLF4, CD44, ITGA6, ITGB1, ITGB5, and COL4A2 expression at both RNA and protein levels, which indicated that SHCBP1 might be involved in PTC carcinogenesis and progression through targeting formation of integrin and collagen and cell stemness pathways, and can be a potential diagnosis biomarker and therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houfa Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengzhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiu Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Clinical School, Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical Science, Postgraduate Workstation of Soochow University, Xuzhou, China
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14
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Chen T, Chen Z, Lian X, Wu W, Chu L, Zhang S, Wang L. MUC 15 Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion through Livin, MMP-2/MMP-9 and Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:467-473. [PMID: 33391443 PMCID: PMC7739004 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the high expression of MUC15 in promoting proliferation, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma (OS) cell and its potential mechanism. Methods: The expressions of MUC15 in OS patients were analyzed from GEO Datasets, tumor cell lines and clinical samples. The roles of MUC15 in OS were explored by CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell and western blot assay, respectively. Results: MUC15 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma, and there was a significant negative correlation between MUC15 and the prognosis. Knockdown of MUC15 in HOS and U-2OS could promote tumor cell apoptosis, down-regulate the expression of MMP2/9, reduce the epithelial interstitial transition and silence the Wnt/b-Catenin signal pathway. Conclusion: The high-expression of MUC15 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma through anti-apoptosis, increasing the invasive ability by epithelial interstitial transition, and activating the Wnt/b-Catenin signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonglei Chen
- Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, China
| | - Zhenshi Chen
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China.,Danyang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China
| | - Xiaoning Lian
- Department of Assay Development, TOT BIOPHARM co., LTD, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215024, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China.,Danyang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China
| | - Lei Chu
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China.,Danyang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China
| | - Shaoru Zhang
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China.,Danyang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China.,Danyang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu 212300, China
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15
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A Preliminary Study of the Cross-Reactivity of Canine MAGE-A with Hominid Monoclonal Antibody 6C1 in Canine Mammary Gland Tumors: An Attractive Target for Cancer Diagnostic, Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Development in Dogs. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030109. [PMID: 32784970 PMCID: PMC7558761 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma-associated antigen-A (MAGE-A), a family of cancer/testis antigens, has been recognized as a potential target molecule for cancer immunotherapy. However, there has been very little information available with regard to this antigen in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the expression of MAGE-A in canine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting with human monoclonal MAGE-A antibody 6C1. The present study has provided evidence of cross-reactivity of the canine MAGE-A expression with the human MAGE-A antibody in CMTs. The MAGE-A antigens were expressed in moderate- and high-grade malignant CMTs (22.22%, 2/9), but no expression was observed in benign CMTs. The immunohistochemical staining of canine MAGE antigen in CMT cells showed nuclear and nuclear–cytoplasmic expression patterns that may be involved with the mitotic cell division of tumor cells. Molecular weights of the canine MAGE-A antigen presented in this study were approximately 42–62 kDa, which were close to those of other previous studies involving humans and dogs. The findings on this protein in CMTs could supply valuable oncological knowledge for the development of novel diagnostic, prognostic and immunotherapeutic tumor markers in veterinary medicine.
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16
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Parikh TP, Malik M, Britten J, Aly JM, Pilgrim J, Catherino WH. Steroid hormones and hormone antagonists regulate the neural marker neurotrimin in uterine leiomyoma. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:176-186. [PMID: 32033718 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the role of steroid hormone and antihormone exposure on neurotrimin (NTM) expression in human leiomyoma and myometrial tissue and cells. DESIGN Laboratory study of placebo and ulipristal acetate (UPA)-treated patient tissue. In vitro assessment of immortalized myometrial and leiomyoma cell lines after hormone and antihormone exposure. SETTING Academic research center. PATIENT(S) Not applicable. INTERVENTIONS(S) Exposure of leiomyoma cell lines to 17β-E2, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), UPA, and fulvestrant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Messenger RNA expression quantified with the use of RNASeq analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein levels quantified by means of Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on placebo- and UPA-treated patient uterine tissue specimens. RESULT(S) Expression of NTM in human uterine leiomyoma specimens according to RNASeq was increased compared with myometrium (5.22 ± 0.57-fold), which was confirmed with the use of qRT-PCR (1.95 ± 0.05). Furthermore, NTM protein was elevated in leiomyoma tissue compared with matched myometrium (2.799 ± 0.575). IHC revealed increased staining intensity in leiomyoma surgical specimens compared with matched myometrium of placebo patients. Western blot analysis in immortalized leiomyoma cell lines demonstrated an up-regulation of NTM protein expression (2.4 ± 0.04). Treatment of leiomyoma cell lines with 17β-E2 yielded a 1.98 ± 0.11-fold increase in NTM protein expression; however, treatment with fulvestrant showed no significant change compared with control. Leiomyoma cell lines demonstrated a 1.91 ± 0.97-fold increase in NTM protein expression after progesterone treatment. RNASeq analysis demonstrated a reduced expression in patient leiomyoma after UPA treatment (0.75 ± 0.14). Treatment of leiomyoma cells with UPA demonstrated a reduced total NTM protein amount (0.54 ± 0.31) in patients, which was confirmed with the use of IHC (UPA10 147.2 ± 9.40, UPA20 182.8 ± 8.98). In vitro studies with UPA treatment revealed a concentration-dependent effect that supported these findings. CONCLUSION(S) NTM, a neural cell adhesion molecule, is increased in leiomyoma compared with myometrium in patient tissue and in vitro models after estrogen and progesterone treatment. Down-regulation of expression occurs after UPA treatment, but not after fulvestrant exposure. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00290251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toral P Parikh
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Minnie Malik
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Britten
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jasmine M Aly
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Justin Pilgrim
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William H Catherino
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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17
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Hsu YC, Luo CW, Huang WL, Wu CC, Chou CL, Chen CI, Chang SJ, Chai CY, Wang HC, Chen TY, Li CF, Pan MR. BMI1-KLF4 axis deficiency improves responses to neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020; 149:249-258. [PMID: 32592893 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is a gold standard treatment for patients with stage II/III rectal cancer. B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 (BMI1) is a member of the polycomb group of proteins that are involved in regulating gene expression. High levels of BMI1 have been demonstrated to contribute to the malignant phenotypes of several cancers; however, its relevance in rectal cancer treated with CCRT is largely unknown. METHODS AND MATERIALS We used two patient cohorts to address the clinical relevance of BMI1 in human cancers. In addition, HT-29 and HCT-116 cells were chosen as our in vitro models to verify the role of BMI1 in cell response to ionizing radiation. Stemness-related proteins were analyzed by western blotting and cell survival was determined using clonogenic assays. RESULTS BMI1 overexpression was found to significantly correlate with advanced pre-treatment nodal status (N1-N2; p < 0.001), post-treatment tumor stage (T1-T2; p = 0.015), inferior tumor regression grade (p = 0.001), and also an independent prognosis factor in 172 rectal cancer patients receiving CCRT. Serial cell-based functional examination indicated that BMI1 deficiency sensitized cells to radiation treatment by modulating the gene expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and enhanced radiosensitivity in microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers. Overexpression of KLF4 partially overcame BMI1-deficiency-mediated γ-H2AX expression after ionizing radiation exposure. Consistent with in vitro data, an analysis of an additional 30 rectal cancer tissue specimens revealed a positive correlation between BMI1 and KLF4 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Higher levels of BMI1 are associated with poor therapeutic response and adverse outcomes in rectal cancer patients receiving CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Chou Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Luo
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Chen
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jyuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ren Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Inhibition of HIF-1α by Atorvastatin During 131I-RTX Therapy in Burkitt's Lymphoma Model. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051203. [PMID: 32403237 PMCID: PMC7281655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) serves as a targeted therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). Although HIF(Hypoxia-inducible factors)-1α is an important biomarker during radiation therapy, its role in NHL is unclear. Atorvastatin (ATV) is used as a combination drug for chemotherapy. Methods: We investigated whether ATV downregulated tumor radio-resistance and enhanced the anticancer effect of 131I-RTX (rituximab) in Raji xenograft mouse models. First, the increased uptake and enhanced therapeutic effect of 131I-RTX by ATV was confirmed using molecular imaging in Raji xenograft subcutaneous model and orthotropic model with SPECT and IVIS images. Second, we examined the profile of differentially expressed miRNAs using miRNA array. Results: We found that miR-346 inhibited HIF-1α/VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) during ATV combination therapy with 131I-RTX. The underlying mechanism of ATV involved induction of anti-angiogenesis and radiosensitivity by downregulating HIF-1α in Raji cells. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that combination therapy with ATV and 131I-RTX is a promising strategy for enhancing the potency of 131I-RTX therapy in poorly responding patients and those with radio-resistance.
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Akşit E, Kurt T, Büyük B, Çokkalender Ö. Drug-eluting Vein Graft with Acetylsalicylic Acid-Ticagrelor-Unfractionated Heparin Complex Inhibits Early Graft Thrombosis. Balkan Med J 2020; 37:269-275. [PMID: 32353222 PMCID: PMC7424184 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.1.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bypass graft surgery remains to be an important treatment option for left main and multivessel coronary artery disease. Approximately 2% of saphenous vein grafts are lost immediately after the coronary artery bypass graft operations and 12% in the first month due to thrombosis. Aims To administer one anticoagulant and two antiplatelet agents in a way that locally affects the vein graft before the bypass operation and to thereby analyse their effects on early graft thrombosis. Study Design Animal experimentation. Methods Since ticagrelor was used locally for the first time in this study, its efficacy in combination with other drugs (acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and ticagrelor, and acetylsalicylic acid + ticagrelor + unfractionated heparin) was examined on rats including control (untreated) and sham (pluronic gel) group (n=14 for each group). Before the tunica adventitia layer of the femoral veins was bypassed to the femoral artery, it was coated with the drug-eluting pluronic F-127 gel. The presence or absence of thrombus in the vein graft samples was recorded under light microscopy. In vein graft preparations where thrombus was detected, the thrombus area (μm2) was calculated using the Axiovision software. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with the anti-rat von Willebrand factor polyclonal antibody kit. Results The number of preparations containing thrombus was significantly lower in the acetylsalicylic acid + ticagrelor + unfractionated heparin group than in the acetylsalicylic acid, control, and sham groups, according to the comparisons made on the 1st and 3rd days (p=0.001 and 0.02, respectively). von Willebrand factor staining was significantly lower in the acetylsalicylic acid + ticagrelor + unfractionated heparin group than in the other groups on the 3rd day (p=0.005). Conclusion Locally effective acetylsalicylic acid-ticagrelor-unfractionated heparin complex has been shown to significantly reduce thrombus formation in vein grafts in this experimental model. Local administration of these drugs, which are routinely administered orally just before stent implantations, on the vein graft before the bypass is performed can prevent the loss of vein grafts due to thrombus, thereby reducing the mortality and morbidity of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Akşit
- Department of Cardiology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Tolga Kurt
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Başak Büyük
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İzmir Demokrasi University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ömer Çokkalender
- Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, 25 Aralık State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Watt J, Maguire DG, Reid CN, Lamont JV, Fitzgerald SP, Ruddock MW. Thrombomodulin Expression in Bladder Cancer Tissue and Its Association with Prognosis and Patient Survival. Res Rep Urol 2020; 12:157-165. [PMID: 32432058 PMCID: PMC7201128 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s249417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Decreased expression of thrombomodulin (TM) in bladder cancer tissue has been shown to be associated with cell proliferation, increased malignancy and a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoexpression of TM in bladder tissue cores by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the relationship between TM score and patient survival for the following pathologies: transitional cell papillary carcinoma (TCPC), transitional cell carcinoma (non-papillary) (TCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma, and sarcoma. TM immunoexpression was also evaluated in normal adjacent bladder tissue cores. Methods TM immunoexpression was assessed in n=185 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) bladder tissue cores from n=98 patients by IHC. Tissue cores included TCPC (n=29), TCC (n=85), SCC (n=21), adenocarcinoma (n=12), sarcoma (n=4), and normal tissue cores (n=34). Results TM immunoexpression scores are stronger in TCPC, TCC and SCC bladder cancer tissue cores with respect to adenocarcinoma and sarcoma (mean TM immunoexpression scores: 3.04, 2.57, 2.55, 1.55 and 1.19, respectively) (Kruskal–Wallis p<0.001). TM immunoexpression scores significantly decreased in bladder cancer tissue cores across both stage (p<0.001) and grade (p<0.001) (Kruskal–Wallis). Survival data were available for n=45 bladder cancer patients (mean follow-up of 34 months). Applying a TM immunoexpression cut-off score of 3.0 demonstrated that patients with bladder cancer who had a TM immunoexpression score <3.0 had lower survival rates (median survival 23.5 months). In contrast, patients with TM immunoexpression scores ≥3.0 had longer survival rates (median survival 40 months) (log-rank; p=0.045). Conclusion TM immunoexpression in bladder cancer tissue may be a clinically relevant predictor of tumor progression and survival. Low expression of TM in bladder cancer biopsies or in recurrent bladder cancer may be indicative of a poor prognosis. TM immunoexpression could be used to guide clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Watt
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Daniel G Maguire
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Cherith N Reid
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - John V Lamont
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Stephen P Fitzgerald
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mark W Ruddock
- Randox Laboratories Ltd, Molecular Biology, Crumlin, County Antrim BT29 4QY, Northern Ireland, UK
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Immunohistochemical Markers With Potential Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Significance in Uterine Carcinosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic Study of 43 Cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2019; 40:84-93. [PMID: 31855950 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCS) are rare and highly aggressive tumors. Although it is currently accepted that the majority of UCS are metaplastic carcinomas, their aggressive behavior is unparalleled to that of any other high-grade endometrial neoplasms. Therefore, the search for the distinct immunohistochemical and molecular features that could help in the development of new treatment strategies continues. We evaluated the expression of PDL-1, growth hormone releasing hormone receptor, p53, WT1, PAX-8, estrogen receptor, HNF-1, and mismatch repair proteins in 43 UCS. Tumors were selected from the archives of the Magee-Womens Hospital University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Department of Pathology. Seventeen were stage I, 4 were stage II, 15 were stage III, and 7 were stage IV. The median age was 67 yr and median overall survival was 3.2 yr. Immunostaining for PAX8, HNF-1, and estrogen receptor showed statistically significant difference between epithelial and stromal components. Expression of p53 was significantly associated with clinical high stage, but other markers did not correlate with stage or survival. Immunostaining for programmed death ligand-1 was strongly positive in 30 UCS (70%), including 24 cases with tumor cell positivity, 12 cases with tumor cell and tumor-infiltrating immune cell positivity, and 6 cases with tumor-infiltrating immune cell positivity only. Of 27 tumors tested for mismatch repair expression, 12 (44%) showed loss of expression, 7 of which were PDL-1 positive. Growth hormone releasing hormone receptor was positive in 38 tumors (88%) and predominantly expressed in the epithelial component. The range of positivity for programmed death ligand-1 and growth hormone releasing hormone receptor suggests a possible potential adjuvant treatment that may be considered for UCS.
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Azizpour S, Ezati R, Saidijam M, Razavi AE, Jalilian FA, Mahdavinezhad A, Eslami H, Soltanian A, Mohammadpour H, Kamali F, Amini R. The Expression of Glypican-3 in Colorectal Cancer. CYTOL GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452719050037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Therapeutic effects of resveratrol in Escherichia coli-induced rat endometritis model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1577-1589. [PMID: 31367863 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is an inflammatory disorder of the endometrial lining of the uterine tissue in postpartum stage. Endometritis mostly progresses subclinically and causes infertility through the disruption of the hormonal balance. It has been shown in many studies that resveratrol has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the possible beneficial effects of resveratrol in endometritis have not been determined yet. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the treatment potential of resveratrol in an experimentally induced endometritis model in rats. Endometritis was induced in 12-week-old female, nonpregnant, Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were divided into six groups: control (NaCl 0.9%) and endometritis (NaCl 0.9%), marbofloxacin + PGF2α, marbofloxacin, marbofloxacin + resveratrol, and resveratrol groups. To induce endometritis, 5 mg/kg/s.c. progesterone was given for 5 days, and then Escherichia coli (50 μl, 1 × 105 cfu/rat) was injected in the right cornu uteri following laparotomy. Sixteen hours after bacterial inoculation, the treatment protocol was applied for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were examined spectrophotometrically in uterus tissues. The severity of inflammation in uterus samples and follicular activity in ovarian tissues were histopathologically evaluated. In addition, serum cytokine levels were determined. While TAS in uterine tissue significantly increased in the resveratrol group when compared to that of the other groups (p < 0.05), there was no difference between the groups in TOS (p > 0.05). The inflammation of the endometrium and the numbers of corpus luteum in the endometritis group were highly significant when compared to those of the other groups (p < 0.05). The recovery of inflammation and follicular activity were similar to those of the other groups in resveratrol group. However, it was realized that resveratrol administration reduced serum cytokine levels. According to the results of the current study, resveratrol was found to be effective in the treatment of endometritis with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions.
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Huss L, Butt ST, Borgquist S, Elebro K, Sandsveden M, Rosendahl A, Manjer J. Vitamin D receptor expression in invasive breast tumors and breast cancer survival. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:84. [PMID: 31358030 PMCID: PMC6664551 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D has been suggested to prevent and improve the prognosis of several cancers, including breast cancer. We have previously shown a U-shaped association between pre-diagnostic serum levels of vitamin D and risk of breast cancer-related death, with poor survival in patients with the lowest and the highest levels respectively, as compared to the intermediate group. Vitamin D exerts its functions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the aim of the current study was to investigate if the expression of VDR in invasive breast tumors is associated with breast cancer prognosis. METHODS VDR expression was evaluated in a tissue microarray of 718 invasive breast tumors. Covariation between VDR expression and established prognostic factors for breast cancer was analyzed, as well as associations between VDR expression and breast cancer mortality. RESULTS We found that positive VDR expression in the nuclei and cytoplasm of breast cancer cells was associated with favorable tumor characteristics such as smaller size, lower grade, estrogen receptor positivity and progesterone receptor positivity, and lower expression of Ki67. In addition, both intranuclear and cytoplasmic VDR expression were associated with a low risk of breast cancer mortality, hazard ratios 0.56 (95% CI 0.34-0.91) and 0.59 (0.30-1.16) respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study found that high expression of VDR in invasive breast tumors is associated with favorable prognostic factors and a low risk of breast cancer death. Hence, a high VDR expression is a positive prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Huss
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Salma Tunå Butt
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University, Aarhus University Hospital, DE-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Karin Elebro
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Rosendahl
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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Additive effects of dietary glycotoxins and androgen excess on the kidney of a female rat model. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Malik M, Britten J, Borahay M, Segars J, Catherino WH. Simvastatin, at clinically relevant concentrations, affects human uterine leiomyoma growth and extracellular matrix production. Fertil Steril 2019; 110:1398-1407.e1. [PMID: 30503138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the antifibroid effects of therapeutic concentrations of simvastatin, which interferes with cholesterol biosynthesis, a known precursor of five major classes of steroid hormones, including progesterone and estrogen, which play a major role in the development and growth of uterine leiomyomas. DESIGN Two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture study of immortalized human leiomyoma and patient-matched myometrium cells treated with simvastatin. SETTING University laboratory. PATIENT(S) None. INTERVENTIONS(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Cell proliferation, alteration in apoptotic signaling pathways, and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production. RESULT(S) Simvastatin demonstrated a concentration-dependent antiproliferative effect on both the leiomyoma cells and the patient-matched myometrium cells, but a higher inhibitory effect at lower concentrations of simvastatin was observed in leiomyoma cells. Simvastatin also regulated leiomyoma cell apoptosis through a concentration-dependent increase in activity of caspase-3. Simvastatin significantly inhibited expression of major ECM proteins collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin, versican, and brevican in leiomyoma cells at concentrations as low as 10-9 mol/L within 48 hours of exposure. CONCLUSION(S) Simvastatin induces apoptosis in uterine leiomyoma cells at low concentrations, as evidenced by increased active caspase levels. Furthermore, inhibited production of the ECM proteins may lead to reduction in tumor size. Simvastatin may represent a novel therapeutic treatment strategy for uterine leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minnie Malik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Britten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mostafa Borahay
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James Segars
- Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William H Catherino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Wang J, Zuo J, Wang M, Ma X, Gao K, Bai X, Wang N, Xie W, Liu H. Polo‑like kinase 4 promotes tumorigenesis and induces resistance to radiotherapy in glioblastoma. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2159-2167. [PMID: 30816483 PMCID: PMC6412581 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant tumors in adults, associated with severe outcomes (median survival, <2 years). Multiple mechanisms are known to be involved in tumor recurrence and treatment resistance in GBM, however, the key regulator for GBM tumorigenesis and therapy resistance remains unclear. To clarify a novel potential functional mechanism of GBM recurrence, a wide range of experiments including in vitro molecular biological experiments and in vivo intracranial xenograft tumor models were performed in the present study. With bioinformatics analysis, polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) was initially identified as one of the most upregulated kinase encoding genes in GBM, which was functionally required for both in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumorigenesis in GBM. Clinically, an elevated PLK4 expression was observed in high grade glioma patients, which was associated with poor prognosis. In addition, PLK4 enhanced radioresistance in GBM, while PLK4 knockdown via lentivirus transfection significantly increased the radiosensitivity of GBM cells. Mechanically, PLK4 expression was markedly elevated by the exogenous overexpression of ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 2 (ATAD2) in GBM cells. Collectively, the results suggested that the ATAD2-dependent transcriptional regulation of PLK4 promoted cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, as well as radioresistance in GBM, thus potentially inducing tumor recurrence. PLK4 could therefore serve as a potential therapeutic target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zuo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Maode Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wanfu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Mitroi M, Albulescu D, Capitanescu A, Docea AO, Musat G, Mitroi G, Zlatian O, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis G, Spandidos DA, Calina D. Differences in the distribution of CD20, CD3, CD34 and CD45RO in nasal mucosa and polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2792-2800. [PMID: 30720103 PMCID: PMC6423629 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate that characterizes nasal polyps in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Inflammatory cell type was determined using specific markers. This evaluation was made possible by determining the expression of the following markers: CD20, a marker of B lymphocytes [using activated T cells (ATC) armed with CD20 antibody]; CD3, a marker of T lymphocytes (using ATC armed with anti-CD3 antibody); CD45, the leukocyte common antigen (using ATC armed with anti-CD45 antibody; and CD34, for the microvasculature of the nasal polyp (using anti-CD34 antibody). The diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was made according to current EPOS guidelines based on patient history, clinical examination and nasal endoscopy. We examined surgically resected nasal polyps from 127 patients diagnosed with CRSwNP, who benefited from surgical procedures at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of our institution. The polyps were analyzed at the Department of Pathology of our institution utilizing histopathological and immunohistochemical methods as follows: Firstly, the tissues were paraffin-impregnated, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We then examined the expression of CD3, CD20, CD34 and CD45RO by immunohistochemistry with soluble labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP) complexes. We observed the following histopathological changes: The structure of the epithelium was evidenced by collagenous subjacent stroma with mixed areas, sometimes associated with hyaline zones. In all types of polyps, we also observed a diffuse underlayer or periglandular lymphoplasmacytic in filtrate composed predominantly from T lymphocytes and eosinophils. The histopathological changes suggest the chronic inflammation of the sinus mucosa, which was diffusely distributed in allergic polyps and with nodular distribution in fibro-inflammatory polyps. The number of B lymphocytes was greater in the fibro-inflammatory polyps. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that the inflammatory infiltrate in nasal polyps from patients with CRSwNP is mainly composed of T cells and eosinophils in all types of polyposis. In addition, a diffuse distribution of allergic polyps and the nodular distribution of fibro-inflammatory polyps, and the hyperplasia of the seromucous glands was observed. The determination of CD20, CD3, CD34 and CD45RO could be used to assess the inflammatory infiltrate of the nasal poplyps in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Mitroi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dana Albulescu
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Capitanescu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela Musat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mitroi
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Britten JL, Malik M, Lewis TD, Catherino WH. Ulipristal Acetate Mediates Decreased Proteoglycan Expression Through Regulation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells (NFAT5). Reprod Sci 2018; 26:184-197. [PMID: 30567472 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118816836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT5) is a tissue specific, osmoadaptive transcription factor essential for the control of hydration homeostasis in mammalian cells. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells regulates osmolyte transporters aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1) and solute carrier family 5 member 3 (SLC5A3) to maintain fluid equilibrium in cells. The osmotic potential of the extracellular matrix of leiomyomas is attributed to the role of proteoglycans. In leiomyoma cells, NFAT5 is overexpressed compared to myometrial cells. The selective progesterone receptor modulator, ulipristal acetate, has been reported to decrease the size of leiomyomas in clinical trials. When treated with ulipristal acetate, both patient leiomyoma tissue and leiomyoma cells grown in 3-dimensional cultures show a decrease in the expression of NFAT5 protein, solute transporters AKR1B1 and SLC5A3, and results in an associated decline in the expression of proteoglycans, versican, aggrecan, and brevican. In summary, ulipristal acetate induces changes in leiomyoma cell osmoregulation which result in a decrease in proteoglycan expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy L Britten
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Minnie Malik
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terrence D Lewis
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William H Catherino
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Flores VA, Vanhie A, Dang T, Taylor HS. Progesterone Receptor Status Predicts Response to Progestin Therapy in Endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4561-4568. [PMID: 30357380 PMCID: PMC6226602 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Context Progestin-based therapy is the first-line treatment for managing endometriosis-associated pain. However, response to progestins is currently variable and unpredictable. Predictive markers for response to progestin-based therapy would allow for a personalized approach to endometriosis treatment. Objective We hypothesize that progesterone receptor (PR) levels in endometriotic lesions determine response to progestin-based therapy. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Academic center. Patients Fifty-two subjects with histologically confirmed endometriosis and a previous documented response to hormonal therapy were included. Interventions Immunohistochemistry was performed on sections of endometriotic lesions using a rabbit polyclonal IgG for detection of PR-A/B. Main Outcome Measures The Histo (H)-score was used for quantifying PR status. Response to progestin-based therapies was determined from review of the electronic medical record. Results H-score was higher in responders compared with nonresponders. Subjects were categorized into three groups: high (H-score > 80, n = 7), medium (H-score 6 to 80, n = 28), and low (H-score ≤ 5, n = 17) PR status. The threshold of PR > 80 was associated with a 100% positive predictive value. The threshold of PR < 5 was associated with a 94% negative predictive value. Conclusion PR status is strongly associated with response to progestin-based therapy. Receptor status in endometriosis could be used to tailor hormonal-based regimens after surgery, and negate trialing progestin-based therapy to determine resistance. Ascertainment of PR status may allow for a novel, targeted, precision-based approach to treating endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie A Flores
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Arne Vanhie
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tran Dang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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ALDH1A1 expression is associated with poor differentiation, 'right-sidedness' and poor survival in human colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205536. [PMID: 30308036 PMCID: PMC6181398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) encodes an enzyme that oxidizes aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. In colorectal cancer ALDH1A1 marks cancer stem cells and plays putative roles in tumor progression and drug resistance. However, the potential value of ALDH1A1 as a diagnostic marker or target for therapy remains unclear. Here, we have analyzed ALDH1A1 mRNA and protein levels in relation to clinical, histopathological and molecular tumor features in large series of human colorectal cancer. Methods ALDH1A1 protein levels were determined by immunohistochemistry in a series of primary colorectal tumors and their corresponding liver metastases (n = 158). ALDH1A1 mRNA levels were analyzed in several large patient cohorts of colorectal cancer. ALDH1A1 mRNA and protein levels were then related to overall survival and to clinical, histopathological and molecular tumor features. Results High levels of ALDH1A1 were associated with a poorly differentiated histology and a right-sided tumor location, but not to a mesenchymal-like molecular subtype. Liver metastases contained significantly higher levels of ALDH1A1 compared to the corresponding primary tumors. Radio- and/or chemotherapy prior to tumor resection was associated with increased ALDH1A1 levels regardless of the molecular subtype. Finally, ALDH1A1 protein expression in primary tumors and metastases correlated with shorter overall survival. Conclusions ALDH1A1 expression is associated with features of poor prognosis, including a poorly differentiated histology and ‘right-sidedness’ of the primary tumor, and with shorter overall survival. ALDH1A1 is also highly expressed in therapy-surviving tumors and in liver metastases. These results warrant further research into the potential value of targeting ALDH1A1 in order to improve the efficacy of standard treatment and thereby preventing tumor recurrence.
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Ito M, Nishizawa H, Tsutsumi M, Kato A, Sakabe Y, Noda Y, Ohwaki A, Miyazaki J, Kato T, Shiogama K, Sekiya T, Kurahashi H, Fujii T. Potential role for nectin-4 in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia: a molecular genetic study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:166. [PMID: 30217189 PMCID: PMC6137934 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nectins are cell adhesion molecules that play a pivotal role in adherens junctions and tight junctions. Our previous study using whole-genome oligonucleotide microarrays revealed that nectin-4 was upregulated in pre-eclamptic placentas. We investigated the role of nectin-4 in the etiology of pre-eclampsia. METHODS We investigated the expression of nectin-4 using real-time RT-PCR, western blot and immunostaining. Additionally, we performed matrigel invasion assay and cytotoxicity assay using cells overexpressing the nectin-4. RESULTS NECTIN4 transcripts were elevated in pre-eclamptic placentas relative to uncomplicated pregnancies. Nectin-4 protein levels in pre-eclamptic placentas were higher on a semi-quantitative western blot. Nectin-4 was localized at the apical cell membrane in syncytiotrophoblast cells and not at the adherens junctions. Nectin-4 was also detected in cytotrophoblasts and a subset of cells in the decidua. Nectin-4 overexpressing trophoblast cells migrated normally in the matrix. However, Natural killer (NK) cells showed a strong cytotoxic effect against nectin-4 overexpressing trophoblast cells. No causative genetic variation was evident in the NECTIN4 gene from a pre-eclamptic placenta. CONCLUSIONS There are as yet unknown factors that induce nectin-4 overexpression in trophoblast cells that may contribute to abnormal placentation via an aberrant immune response and the onset of a pre-eclamptic pregnancy.
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Grants
- Ogyaa Donation Foundation from the Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
- grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
- grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Ito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Haruki Nishizawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Makiko Tsutsumi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Asuka Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Yoshiko Sakabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Akiko Ohwaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Jun Miyazaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takema Kato
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shiogama
- Division of Morphology and Cell Function, Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takao Sekiya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurahashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takuma Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 Japan
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Oria VO, Bronsert P, Thomsen AR, Föll MC, Zamboglou C, Hannibal L, Behringer S, Biniossek ML, Schreiber C, Grosu AL, Bolm L, Rades D, Keck T, Werner M, Wellner UF, Schilling O. Proteome Profiling of Primary Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas Undergoing Additive Chemoradiation Link ALDH1A1 to Early Local Recurrence and Chemoradiation Resistance. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:1307-1322. [PMID: 30172883 PMCID: PMC6121830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis with frequent post-surgical local recurrence. The combination of adjuvant chemotherapy with radiotherapy is under consideration to achieve a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS). To date, few studies have determined the proteome profiles associated with response to adjuvant chemoradiation. We herein analyzed the proteomes of primary PDAC tumors subjected to additive chemoradiation after surgical resection and achieving short PFS (median 6 months) versus prolonged PFS (median 28 months). Proteomic analysis revealed the overexpression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member A1 (ALDH1A1) and Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) in the short PFS cohort, which were corroborated by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, specific inhibition of ALDH1A1 by A37 in combination with gemcitabine, radiation, and chemoradiation lowered cell viability and augmented cell death in MiaPaCa-2 and Panc 05.04 cells. ALDH1A1 silencing in both cell lines dampened cell proliferation, cell metabolism, and colony formation. In MiaPaCa-2 cells, ALDH1A1 silencing sensitized cells towards treatment with gemcitabine, radiation or chemoradiation. In Panc 05.04, increased cell death was observed upon gemcitabine treatment only. These findings are in line with previous studies that have suggested a role of ALDH1A1 chemoradiation resistance, e.g., in esophageal cancer. In summary, we present one of the first proteome studies to investigate the responsiveness of PDAC to chemoradiation and provide further evidence for a role of ALDH1A1 in therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Oria
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Bronsert
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - A R Thomsen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - M C Föll
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Zamboglou
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department for Pediatrics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Behringer
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department for Pediatrics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M L Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Schreiber
- Institute of Pathology, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - A L Grosu
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Bolm
- Clinic of Surgery, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - D Rades
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - T Keck
- Clinic of Surgery, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Werner
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - U F Wellner
- Clinic of Surgery, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - O Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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34
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van der Waals LM, Jongen JMJ, Elias SG, Veremiyenko K, Trumpi K, Trinh A, Laoukili J, Ubink I, Schenning-van Schelven SJ, van Diest PJ, Borel Rinkes IHM, Kranenburg O. Increased Levels of Oxidative Damage in Liver Metastases Compared with Corresponding Primary Colorectal Tumors: Association with Molecular Subtype and Prior Treatment. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:2369-2377. [PMID: 30031728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
High levels of oxidative stress in disseminated colorectal cancer tumor cells may form a therapeutically exploitable vulnerability. However, it is unclear whether oxidative stress and damage persist in metastases. Therefore, we analyzed markers of oxidative damage in primary colorectal tumors and their corresponding liver metastases. Markers of generic and oxidative DNA damage [phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] were significantly higher in liver metastases compared with their corresponding primary tumors. Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy before tumor resection was associated with increased persistent oxidative DNA damage, and this effect was more pronounced in metastases. Immunohistochemistry-based molecular classification into epithelial- and mesenchymal-like molecular subtypes revealed that untreated mesenchymal-like tumors contained lower levels of oxidative DNA damage compared with epithelial-like tumors. Treated mesenchymal-like tumors, but not epithelial-like tumors, showed significantly higher levels of γH2AX and 8-OHdG. Mesenchymal-like tumors expressed significantly lower levels of phosphorylated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, a master regulator of the antioxidant response, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-controlled genes. Of interest, a positive 8-OHdG status identified a subgroup of mesenchymal-like metastases with a poor overall survival. An increased capacity to tolerate therapy-induced oxidative damage in mesenchymal-like colorectal cancer may explain, at least in part, the poor responsiveness of these tumors to chemotherapy, which could contribute to the poor survival of this patient subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizet M van der Waals
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer M J Jongen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd G Elias
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kateryna Veremiyenko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kari Trumpi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Trinh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jamila Laoukili
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Ubink
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne J Schenning-van Schelven
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inne H M Borel Rinkes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Department of Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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35
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Principles and approaches for reproducible scoring of tissue stains in research. J Transl Med 2018; 98:844-855. [PMID: 29849125 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of tissues is a common and important aspect of translational research studies. Labeling techniques such as immunohistochemistry can stain cells/tissues to enhance identification of specific cell types, cellular activation states, and protein expression. While qualitative evaluation of labeled tissues has merit, use of semiquantitative and quantitative scoring approaches can greatly enhance the rigor of the tissue data. Adhering to key principles for reproducible scoring can enhance the quality and reproducibility of the tissue data so as to maximize its biological relevance and scientific impact.
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36
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Bang YJ, Takano T, Lin CC, Fasanmade A, Yang H, Danaee H, Asato T, Kalebic T, Wang H, Doi T. TAK-264 (MLN0264) in Previously Treated Asian Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Carcinoma Expressing Guanylyl Cyclase C: Results from an Open-Label, Non-randomized Phase 1 Study. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 50:398-404. [PMID: 28494535 PMCID: PMC5912138 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase 1 dose-escalation portion of the study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antitumor activity of TAK-264 in Asian patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoma or metastatic or recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma expressing guanylyl cyclase C (GCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult patients with advanced GI malignancies expressing GCC (H-score ≥ 10) received TAK-264 on day 1 of 3-week cycles as 30-minute intravenous infusions for up to 1 year or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objectives were to evaluate the safety profile including dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) during cycle 1, determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and characterize the PK profile of TAK-264. RESULTS Twelve patients were enrolled and treated with 1.2 mg/kg (n=3), 1.5 mg/kg (n=3), or 1.8 mg/kg TAK-264 (n=6). Median number of treatment cycles received was two (range, 1 to 10). None of the patients experienced a DLT and the MTD was not determined. Ten patients (83%) experienced adverse events (AEs). The most common were neutropenia, anorexia, and nausea (each reported by four patients). Five patients (42%) experienced grade ≥ 3 AEs consisting of tumor hemorrhage and hypertension, ascites, adrenal insufficiency, neutropenia and asthenia. Serum exposure to TAK-264 increased proportionally with the dose and the median half-life was approximately 5.5-6.6 days. No patients experienced an objective response. CONCLUSION TAK-264 demonstrated a manageable safety profile with limited antitumor activity consistent with studies conducted in Western patients with advanced GI malignancies. TAK-264 exposure increased proportionally with the dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Toshimi Takano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Adedigbo Fasanmade
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Huyuan Yang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hadi Danaee
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Takayuki Asato
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thea Kalebic
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
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Müller AK, Föll M, Heckelmann B, Kiefer S, Werner M, Schilling O, Biniossek ML, Jilg CA, Drendel V. Proteomic Characterization of Prostate Cancer to Distinguish Nonmetastasizing and Metastasizing Primary Tumors and Lymph Node Metastases. Neoplasia 2018; 20:140-151. [PMID: 29248718 PMCID: PMC5735259 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) have a poorer prognosis than patients with organ-confined tumors. We strove to uncover the proteome signature of primary PCa and associated lymph node metastases (LNMs) in order to identify proteins that may indicate or potentially promote metastases formation. We performed a proteomic comparative profiling of PCa tissue from radical prostatectomy (RPE) of patients without nodal metastases or relapse at the time of surgical resection (n=5) to PCa tissue from RPE of patients who suffered from nodal relapse (n=5). For the latter group, we also included patient-matched tissue of the nodal metastases. All samples were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. We identified and quantified more than 1200 proteins by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with subsequent label-free quantification. An increase of ribosomal or proteasomal proteins in LNM (compared to corresponding PCa) became apparent, while extracellular matrix components rather decreased. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) corroborated accumulation of poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1 and N-myc-downstream-regulated-gene 3, alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 11, and protein phosphatase slingshot homolog 3 in LNM. These findings strengthen the present interest in examining PARP inhibitors for the treatment of aggressive PCa. IHC also corroborated increased abundance of retinol dehydrogenase 11 in metastasized primary PCa compared to organ-confined PCa. Generally, metastasizing primary tumors were characterized by an enrichment of proteins involved in cellular lipid metabolic processes with concomitant decrease of cell adhesion proteins. This study highlights the usefulness of a combined proteomic-IHC approach to explore novel aspects in tumor biology. Our initial results open novel opportunities for follow-up studies.
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Key Words
- pca, prostate cancer
- lnm, lymph node metastasis
- tu, primary tumor
- rpe, radical prostatectomy
- lnd, lymph node dissection
- ffpe, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded
- ms, mass-spectrometry
- ihc, immunohistochemistry
- fc, fold change
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Müller
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Föll
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bianca Heckelmann
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Selina Kiefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Werner
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin L Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Annette Jilg
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Urology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Drendel
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
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Shen G, Ma H, Pang F, Ren P, Kuang A. Correlations of 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT uptake on PET with Ki-67 expression in patients with lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:188-195. [PMID: 28475024 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117706609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using the radiotracers 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) or 18F-fluorothymidine (FLT) has been proposed as imaging biomarkers of cell proliferation. Purpose To explore the correlations of FDG and FLT uptake with the Ki-67 labeling index in patients with lung cancer. Material and Methods Major databases were systematically searched for all relevant literature published in English. The correlation coefficient (rho) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of individual studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. The sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analyses. Results Twenty-seven articles involving 1213 patients were included in this meta-analysis, comprising 22 studies for FDG uptake/Ki-67 expression correlation and eight for FLT uptake/Ki-67 expression correlation. The pooled rho values for 18F-FDG/Ki-67 correlation and 18F-FLT/Ki-67 correlation were 0.45 (95% CI, 0.41-0.50) and 0.65 (95% CI, 0.56-0.73), respectively, which indicated a moderate correlation for the former and a significant one for the latter. Although the subgroup analyses based on study design, scanner, sample method, and Ki-67 labeling method did not significantly explain the heterogeneity, these factors were potential sources of heterogeneity. In lung cancer, the pooled SUVmax of FDG uptake was significantly higher than that of FLT uptake (7.59 versus 3.86, P < 0.05). In addition, compared to FDG, FLT showed higher specificity yet lower sensitivity for the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions. Conclusion Both 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT correlate significantly with the Ki-67 labeling index in pulmonary lesions, and the latter, with a stronger correlation, may be more reliable for assessing tumor cell proliferation in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Fuwen Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Pengwei Ren
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Anren Kuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Ryu MS, Park HJ, Moon CM, Kim SE, Jung HK, Shim KN, Jung SA, Cho MS. Expression of CD44 according to Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Gastric Cancer. THE EWHA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018; 41:63. [DOI: 10.12771/emj.2018.41.3.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Park
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Nam Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Sun Cho
- Department of Pathology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kaplan M, Arici L, Ozturk S, Simsek BC, Hergunsel OB, Erol FS. A comparison of the type IX collagen levels of the intervertebral disc materials in diabetic and non-diabetic patients who treated with lumbar microdiscectomy. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2017; 27:214-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-017-5361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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41
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Foley NM, Coll JM, Lowery AJ, Hynes SO, Kerin MJ, Sheehan M, Brodie C, Sweeney KJ. Re-Appraisal of Estrogen Receptor Negative/Progesterone Receptor Positive (ER−/PR+) Breast Cancer Phenotype: True Subtype or Technical Artefact? Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 24:881-884. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Cui Y, Liu L, Dou X, Wang C, Zhang W, Gao K, Liu J, Wang H. Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ617 maintains intestinal integrity via regulating tight junction, autophagy and apoptosis in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77489-77499. [PMID: 29100403 PMCID: PMC5652795 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Live probiotics are effective in reducing gut permeability and inflammation. We have previously reported that Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ617 (ZJ617) with high adhesive and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can ameliorate intestine inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The present study was aimed at elucidating the roles of ZJ617 and LGG in alleviating the LPS-induced barrier dysfunction of ileum in mice. Six C57BL/6 mice per group were orally inoculated with ZJ617 or LGG for one week (1× 108 CFU/mouse) and intraperitoneally injected with LPS (10 mg/kg body weight) for 24 h. The results demonstrated that pretreatment with ZJ617 and LGG attenuated LPS-induced increase in intestinal permeability. The probiotics supplementation suppressed LPS-induced oxidative stress. Both ZJ617 and LGG strongly reversed the decline of occludin and claudin-3 expression induced by LPS challenge. ZJ617 relieved LPS-induced apoptosis by decreasing caspase-3 activity. Noticeably, ratio of microtubule-associated light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I and LC3 activity were elevated by LPS stimulation, whereas such increases were obviously attenuated by both of the probiotics treatment. Moreover, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) was significantly inhibited by LPS, whereas complementation of ZJ617 and LGG markedly increased the expression of p-mTOR. Collectively, our results indicated that ZJ617 could protect LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction via enhancing antioxidant activities and tight junction and attenuating apoptosis and autophagy via mTOR signaling pathway. These findings could serve as systematic mechanisms through which probiotics promote and maintain gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Cui
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Dou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China
| | - Kan Gao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, P.R. China.,College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China
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Li T, Liu X, Jiang Q, Lei X, Liu D. High expression of partitioning defective 3-like protein is associated with malignancy in colorectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698393. [PMID: 28443499 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Partitioning defective 3-like protein is a novel cell polarity protein. Recently, partitioning defective 3-like protein has been demonstrated with tumor-promoting function by disrupting tight junction, inhibiting tumor suppressor liver kinase B1, and maintaining mammary stem cells. For the first time, we studied partitioning defective 3-like protein expression in malignant colorectal cancer. We used immunohistochemistry scoring system to evaluate partitioning defective 3-like protein expression in 196 colorectal cancer tissues and 33 adjacent normal tissues. We found that colorectal cancer tissues had much stronger partitioning defective 3-like protein immunoreactivity than normal tissues, and colorectal cancer patients with positive partitioning defective 3-like protein expression were characterized with higher cancer stages, metastasis, poor tumor differentiation, larger tumor size, as well as high levels of colorectal cancer markers carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 19-9. Besides, partitioning defective 3-like protein overexpression was independently predictive of lower survival rate in colorectal cancer patients, even after adjusting the influence of cofactors. Moreover, we also found that partitioning defective 3-like protein was associated with rapid growing colorectal cancer, while knockdown of partitioning defective 3-like protein expression largely inhibited cancer cell proliferation. Our study provided the first evidence that partitioning defective 3-like protein was overexpressed in colorectal cancer and associated with disease malignancy. Also, partitioning defective 3-like protein may serve as a promising prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment. Further study is necessary to understand the regulatory mechanism of partitioning defective 3-like protein in colorectal cancer and the feasibility of its application in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyuan Li
- 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- 2 Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qunguang Jiang
- 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongning Liu
- 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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miRNA-34c-5p inhibits amphiregulin-induced ovarian cancer stemness and drug resistance via downregulation of the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e326. [PMID: 28459431 PMCID: PMC5525454 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer mainly due to late diagnosis, easy spreading and rapid development of chemoresistance. Cancer stem cells are considered to be one of the main mechanisms for chemoresistance, as well as metastasis and recurrent disease. To explore the stemness characteristics of ovarian cancer stem cells, we successfully enriched ovarian cancer stem-like cells from an established ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-I6) and a fresh ovarian tumor-derived cell line (OVS1). These ovarian cancer stem-like cells possess important cancer stemness characteristics including sphere-forming and self-renewing abilities, expressing important ovarian cancer stem cell and epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers, as well as increased drug resistance and potent tumorigenicity. Microarray analysis of OVS1-derived sphere cells revealed increased expression of amphiregulin (AREG) and decreased expression of its conserved regulatory microRNA, miR-34c-5p, when compared with the OVS1 parental cells. Overexpression of AREG and decreased miR-34c-5p expression in SKOV-I6 and OVS1 sphere cells were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Luciferase reporter assay and mutant analysis confirmed that AREG is a direct target of miR-34c-5p. Furthermore, AREG-mediated increase of sphere formation, drug resistance toward docetaxel and carboplatin, as well as tumorigenicity of SKOV-I6 and OVS1 cells could be abrogated by miR-34c-5p. We further demonstrated that miR-34c-5p inhibited ovarian cancer stemness through downregulation of the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway. Overexpression of AREG was found to be correlated with advanced ovarian cancer stages and poor prognosis. Taken together, our data suggest that AREG promotes ovarian cancer stemness and drug resistance via the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway and this is inhibited by miR-34c-5p. Targeting AREG, miR-34c-5p could be a potential strategy for anti-cancer-stem cell therapy in ovarian cancer.
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Colling R, Wang LM, Soilleux E. Validating a fully automated real-time PCR-based system for use in the molecular diagnostic analysis of colorectal carcinoma: a comparison with NGS and IHC. J Clin Pathol 2017; 70:610-614. [PMID: 28292978 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular testing is increasingly needed in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and the current clinically relevant mutations are in BRAF, KRAS and NRAS. This study aimed to further validate a new alternative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) platform (Idylla, Biocartis) against existing next-generation sequencing (NGS) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. METHODS 56 Idylla tests were performed on 43 CRC cases, in a total of 74 comparisons against an NGS panel (Ion Torrent) and the VE1 (anti-BRAF) antibody IHC. Discrepant cases were also compared with either conventional (Cobas) or droplet digital PCR (Bio-Rad). RESULTS Idylla showed an overall concordance of 100% (95% CI 93% to 100%) with comparator molecular testing and indications were that Idylla is likely to be more sensitive than routine NGS. BRAF IHC showed 90% concordance with NGS (95% CI 70% to 97%). CONCLUSIONS This study validates Idylla in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded CRC tissue. BRAF IHC, however, is an unreliable substitute for molecular testing in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Colling
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Molecular Diagnostics Centre, Molecular Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Lai Mun Wang
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, UK
| | - Elizabeth Soilleux
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Kolioulis I, Zafrakas M, Grimbizis G, Miliaras D, Timologou A, Bontis J, Tarlatzis B. Immunohistochemical expression pattern of metastasis suppressor KISS-1 protein in adenomyosis lesions and normal endometrium. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 210:64-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Méndez-López LF, Zavala-Pompa A, Cortés-Gutiérrez EI, Cerda-Flores RM, Davila-Rodriguez MI. Leptin receptor expression during the progression of endometrial carcinoma is correlated with estrogen and progesterone receptors. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:228-235. [PMID: 28144276 PMCID: PMC5206378 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.64721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The hormone leptin, which is produced in the adipose tissue, may influence tumorigenesis directly via its receptor (Ob-R). Thus, a role for Ob-R in endometrial carcinogenesis has been proposed. However, most studies neither included samples of the entire histological progression of endometrial carcinoma nor examined Ob-R jointly with the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively). MATERIAL AND METHODS To determine the fluctuations of Ob-R, ER, and PR during the histological progression of endometrial carcinoma, we assessed their expression via immunohistochemistry (IHC) in six histological types of endometrium (proliferative, secretory, nonatypical and atypical hyperplasia, and endometrioid and nonendometrioid endometrial carcinoma), in which we performed histopathological and digital scoring for the quantification of receptors. RESULTS We found that Ob-R expression was positively correlated with that of ER and PR (r = 1, p < 0.001; r = 0.943, p < 0.005, respectively), and there was a significant difference in Ob-R expression among proliferative normal endometrium, hyperplasias, and carcinomas, according to their relative digitally scored Ob-R expression (p < 0.001). In addition, we observed that Ob-R expression in the secretory endometrium was more similar to that of carcinomas than to its proliferative counterpart. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that Ob-R expression fluctuates during endometrial carcinogenesis in correlation with ER and PR, suggesting that Ob-R expression in vivo is highly dependent on estrogen and progesterone activities in the endometrium and on its ER and PR status, as suggested previously by in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Méndez-López
- Division of Genetics, Biomedical Research Center Northeast, Mexican Social Security Institute, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Elva I. Cortés-Gutiérrez
- Division of Genetics, Biomedical Research Center Northeast, Mexican Social Security Institute, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Martha I. Davila-Rodriguez
- Division of Genetics, Biomedical Research Center Northeast, Mexican Social Security Institute, Monterrey, México
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Evolution of Quality Assurance for Clinical Immunohistochemistry in the Era of Precision Medicine: Part 1: Fit-for-Purpose Approach to Classification of Clinical Immunohistochemistry Biomarkers. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 25:4-11. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Choi YJ, Kim N, Lee HS, Park SM, Park JH, Yoon H, Shin CM, Park YS, Kim JW, Lee DH. Expression of Leucine-rich Repeat-containing G-protein Coupled Receptor 5 and CD44: Potential Implications for Gastric Cancer Stem Cell Marker. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:279-287. [PMID: 28053963 PMCID: PMC5207613 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.4.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor (LGR) 5 and CD44 are one of the candidates for the marker of gastric cancer stem cells. We compared the expressions of two genes among control, dysplasia and cancer groups. METHODS We compared the mRNA expression of LGR5, CD44 and CD44v8-10 and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of LGR5 and CD44 in gastric antral mucosa of 45 controls, 36 patients with gastric dysplasia, and 39 patients with early gastric cancer. Additionally, IHC of LGR5 in gastric body mucosa was analyzed. Normal mucosa adjacent to dysplastic or cancer lesions was used for the quantitative real-time-PCR and IHC. RESULTS Immunoreactivity of LGR5 in base of antral mucosa was higher in non-cancerous tissues of cancer than those of control (P = 0.006), whereas the expression of LGR5 mRNA was not different among the three groups. Immunostaining of LGR5 was much stronger in the antrum than in the body of stomach (P < 0.001). Although there was no difference in antral immunointensity of LGR5 according to the severity of intestinal metaplasia, stronger immunostaining was found in the body with an aggravation of intestinal metaplasia (P trend < 0.001). The expression of CD44v8-10 mRNA was higher in cancer patients than control subjects and patients with dysplasia (P = 0.018 and 0.009) while the expression of CD44 mRNA was higher in the control groups than the others. CONCLUSIONS IHC of LGR5 in crypt base and CD44 may be used for gastric CSC markers. LGR5 expression may be associated with the developing of corporal intestinal metaplasia. The expression of CD44v8-10 mRNA would be more suitable for gastric cancer stem cell marker than CD44 or LGR5 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seon Mee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Expression of Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 6 in Primary Mucosal Malignant Melanoma of the Head and Neck. Head Neck Pathol 2016; 11:314-320. [PMID: 27844409 PMCID: PMC5550389 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-016-0769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal melanomas of the head and neck (MMHN) are aggressive tumors with poor prognosis, different opposed to cutaneous melanoma. In this study, we characterized primary mucosal malignant melanoma for the expression of Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6), a member of the KLK family with relevance to the malignant phenotype in various cancer types including cutaneous melanoma. Paraffin-embedded MMHN of 22 patients were stained immunohistochemically for KLK6 and results were correlated with clinical and pathological data. In 77.3% (17/22) of MMHN cases, positive KLK6 staining was found. Staining pattern for tumor cells showed a predominant cytoplasmic staining. However, in six cases we also observed a prominent nuclear staining. MMHN with a high KLK6 expression showed significantly better outcome concerning local recurrence-free survival (p = 0.013) and nuclear KLK6 staining was significantly associated with the survival status (p = 0.027). Overexpression of KLK6 was detected in more than 70% of MMHN and approximately 40% of tumors showed a strong expression pattern. Correlation between clinical outcome of MMHN patients and overexpression of KLK6 has not been addressed so far. Our data demonstrate for the first time increased levels of KLK6 in MMHN and strengthen the hypothesis that there might be a context-specific regulation and function of KLK6 in mucosal melanoma.
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