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Shebl N, El-Jaafary S, Saeed AA, Elkafrawy P, El-Sayed A, Shamma S, Elnemr R, Mekky J, Mohamed LA, Kittaneh O, El-Fawal H, Rizig M, Salama M. Metabolomic profiling reveals altered phenylalanine metabolism in Parkinson's disease in an Egyptian cohort. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1341950. [PMID: 38516193 PMCID: PMC10955577 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1341950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common motor neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Given the complexity of PD etiology and the different metabolic derangements correlated to the disease, metabolomics profiling of patients is a helpful tool to identify patho-mechanistic pathways for the disease development. Dopamine metabolism has been the target of several previous studies, of which some have reported lower phenylalanine and tyrosine levels in PD patients compared to controls. Methods: In this study, we have collected plasma from 27 PD patients, 18 reference controls, and 8 high-risk controls to perform a metabolomic study using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results: Our findings revealed higher intensities of trans-cinnamate, a phenylalanine metabolite, in patients compared to reference controls. Thus, we hypothesize that phenylalanine metabolism has been shifted to produce trans-cinnamate via L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), instead of producing tyrosine, a dopamine precursor, via phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Discussion: Given that these metabolites are precursors to several other metabolic pathways, the intensities of many metabolites such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which connects phenylalanine metabolism to that of tryptophan, have been altered. Consequently, and in respect to Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA) theory, the levels of tryptophan metabolites have also been altered. Some of these metabolites are tryptamine, melatonin, and nicotinamide. Thus, we assume that these alterations could contribute to the dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotonergic neurodegeneration that happen in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Shebl
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa El-Jaafary
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ayman A Saeed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Passent Elkafrawy
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr El-Sayed
- Social Research Center, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elnemr
- Climate Change Information Center & Expert Systems (CCICES), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jaidaa Mekky
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Mohamed
- Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omar Kittaneh
- Technology and Energy Research Center, Effat University-College of Engineering-NSMTU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan El-Fawal
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mie Rizig
- Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Salama
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (I-GHHE), The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Gómez-Cebrián N, Vázquez Ferreiro P, Carrera Hueso FJ, Poveda Andrés JL, Puchades-Carrasco L, Pineda-Lucena A. Pharmacometabolomics by NMR in Oncology: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101015. [PMID: 34681239 PMCID: PMC8539252 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacometabolomics (PMx) studies aim to predict individual differences in treatment response and in the development of adverse effects associated with specific drug treatments. Overall, these studies inform us about how individuals will respond to a drug treatment based on their metabolic profiles obtained before, during, or after the therapeutic intervention. In the era of precision medicine, metabolic profiles hold great potential to guide patient selection and stratification in clinical trials, with a focus on improving drug efficacy and safety. Metabolomics is closely related to the phenotype as alterations in metabolism reflect changes in the preceding cascade of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics changes, thus providing a significant advance over other omics approaches. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most widely used analytical platforms in metabolomics studies. In fact, since the introduction of PMx studies in 2006, the number of NMR-based PMx studies has been continuously growing and has provided novel insights into the specific metabolic changes associated with different mechanisms of action and/or toxic effects. This review presents an up-to-date summary of NMR-based PMx studies performed over the last 10 years. Our main objective is to discuss the experimental approaches used for the characterization of the metabolic changes associated with specific therapeutic interventions, the most relevant results obtained so far, and some of the remaining challenges in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Gómez-Cebrián
- Drug Discovery Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | | | | | | | - Leonor Puchades-Carrasco
- Drug Discovery Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (L.P.-C.); (A.P.-L.); Tel.: +34-963246713 (L.P.-C.)
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.P.-C.); (A.P.-L.); Tel.: +34-963246713 (L.P.-C.)
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Pharmacometabolomics reveals a role for histidine, phenylalanine, and threonine in the development of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 171:657-666. [PMID: 29946863 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Approximately 25% of breast cancer patients experience treatment delays or discontinuation due to paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PN). Currently, there are no predictive biomarkers of PN. Pharmacometabolomics is an informative tool for biomarker discovery of drug toxicity. We conducted a secondary whole blood pharmacometabolomics analysis to assess the association between pretreatment metabolome, early treatment-induced metabolic changes, and the development of PN. METHODS Whole blood samples were collected pre-treatment (BL), just before the end of the first paclitaxel infusion (EOI), and 24 h after the first infusion (24H) from sixty patients with breast cancer receiving (80 mg/m2) weekly treatment. Neuropathy was assessed at BL and prior to each infusion using the sensory subscale (CIPN8) of the EORTC CIPN20 questionnaire. Blood metabolites were quantified from 1-D-1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra using Chenomx® software. Metabolite concentrations were normalized in preparation for Pearson correlation and one-way repeated measures ANOVA with multiple comparisons corrected by false discovery rate (FDR). RESULTS Pretreatment histidine, phenylalanine, and threonine concentrations were inversely associated with maximum change in CIPN8 (ΔCIPN8) (p < 0.02; FDR ≤ 25%). Paclitaxel caused a significant change in concentrations of 2-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate, o-acetylcarnitine, and several amino acids from BL to EOI and/or 24H (p < 0.05; FDR ≤ 25%), although these changes were not associated with ΔCIPN8. CONCLUSIONS Whole blood metabolomics is a feasible approach to identify potential biomarker candidates of paclitaxel-induced PN. The findings suggest that pretreatment concentrations of histidine, phenylalanine, and threonine may be predictive of the severity of future PN and paclitaxel-induced metabolic changes may be related to disruption of energy homeostasis.
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Giulivi C, Napoli E, Tassone F, Halmai J, Hagerman R. Plasma Biomarkers for Monitoring Brain Pathophysiology in FMR1 Premutation Carriers. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:71. [PMID: 27570505 PMCID: PMC4981605 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Premutation carriers have a 55–200 CGG expansion in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Currently, 1.5 million individuals are affected in the United States, and carriers are at risk of developing the late-onset neurodegenerative disorder Fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). Limited efforts have been made to develop new methods for improved early patient monitoring, treatment response, and disease progression. To this end, plasma metabolomic phenotyping was obtained for 23 premutation carriers and 16 age- and sex-matched controls. Three biomarkers, phenylethylamine normalized by either aconitate or isocitrate and oleamide normalized by isocitrate, exhibited excellent model performance. The lower phenylethylamine and oleamide plasma levels in carriers may indicate, respectively, incipient nigrostriatal degeneration and higher incidence of substance abuse, anxiety and sleep disturbances. Higher levels of citrate, isocitrate, aconitate, and lactate may reflect deficits in both bioenergetics and neurotransmitter metabolism (Glu, GABA). This study lays important groundwork by defining the potential utility of plasma metabolic profiling to monitor brain pathophysiology in carriers before and during the progression of FXTAS, treatment efficacy and evaluation of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Giulivi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CAUSA; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CAUSA
| | - Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Flora Tassone
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CAUSA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CAUSA
| | - Julian Halmai
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Randi Hagerman
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, CAUSA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CAUSA
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Lam VM, Espinoza S, Gerasimov AS, Gainetdinov RR, Salahpour A. In-vivo pharmacology of Trace-Amine Associated Receptor 1. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 763:136-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Cerebrospinal fluid biochemical studies in patients with Parkinson's disease: toward a potential search for biomarkers for this disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:369. [PMID: 25426023 PMCID: PMC4227512 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier supplies brain tissues with nutrients and filters certain compounds from the brain back to the bloodstream. In several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), there are disruptions of the blood-brain barrier. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been widely investigated in PD and in other parkinsonian syndromes with the aim of establishing useful biomarkers for an accurate differential diagnosis among these syndromes. This review article summarizes the studies reported on CSF levels of many potential biomarkers of PD. The most consistent findings are: (a) the possible role of CSF urate on the progression of the disease; (b) the possible relations of CSF total tau and phosphotau protein with the progression of PD and with the preservation of cognitive function in PD patients; (c) the possible value of CSF beta-amyloid 1-42 as a useful marker of further cognitive decline in PD patients, and (d) the potential usefulness of CSF neurofilament (NFL) protein levels in the differential diagnosis between PD and other parkinsonian syndromes. Future multicentric, longitudinal, prospective studies with long-term follow-up and neuropathological confirmation would be useful in establishing appropriate biomarkers for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena García-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of ExtremaduraCáceres, Spain
- AMGenomicsCáceres, Spain
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- AMGenomicsCáceres, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of ExtremaduraCáceres, Spain
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Matsuishi T, Yamashita Y, Takahashi T, Nagamitsu S. Rett syndrome: the state of clinical and basic research, and future perspectives. Brain Dev 2011; 33:627-31. [PMID: 21232889 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the pathophysiology of brain and spinal cord impairment in Rett syndrome (RTT), we report on the current status of research on Rett syndrome and review the abnormalities reported in neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and other biological markers in patients with RTT. We have previously investigated the levels of various factors in the blood, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of RTT patients, including biogenic amines, lactate, melatonin, pyruvate and other citric acid cycle intermediates, substance P, β-endorphin and other neuropeptides, and a neuromodulator of β-phenylethylamine. In addition, we have performed near-infrared spectroscopy of the cerebral cortices in patients with RTT and genetic studies of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) in these patients. Taken together, the multiple abnormalities we and other authors have revealed in the various neurotransmitters/neuromodulator systems explain the pervasive effects of Rett syndrome. We also discuss the possible role of plasma ghrelin and present the results of our mouse study of the MECP2-null mutation using ES cells. Finally, we consider the potential for future analyses using our recently developed iPS cell system and discuss the future perspectives for the treatment and management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyojiro Matsuishi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
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Sengupta T, Mohanakumar K. 2-Phenylethylamine, a constituent of chocolate and wine, causes mitochondrial complex-I inhibition, generation of hydroxyl radicals and depletion of striatal biogenic amines leading to psycho-motor dysfunctions in Balb/c mice. Neurochem Int 2010; 57:637-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Mollenhauer B, Trenkwalder C. Neurochemical biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of movement disorders. Mov Disord 2009; 24:1411-26. [PMID: 19412961 DOI: 10.1002/mds.22510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the neurochemical analysis of neuronal proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has become increasingly accepted for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementia diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. CSF surrounds the central nervous system, and in the composition of CSF proteins one finds brain-specific proteins that are prioritized from blood-derived proteins. Levels of specific CSF proteins could be very promising biomarkers for central nervous system diseases. We need the development of more easily accessible biomarkers, in the blood. In neurodegenerative diseases with and without dementia, studies on CSF and blood proteins have investigated the usefulness of biomarkers in differential diagnosis. The clinical diagnoses of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration still rely mainly on clinical symptoms as defined by international classification criteria. In this article, we review CSF biomarkers in these movement disorders and discuss recent published reports on the neurochemical intra vitam diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders (including recent CSF alpha-synuclein findings).
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Kawamura K, Matsumoto T, Nakahara T, Hirano M, Uchimura H, Maeda H. IMPROVED METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF β-PHENYLETHYLAMINE IN HUMAN PLASMA BY SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kawamura
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nakahara
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Uchimura
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hisao Maeda
- a Department of Neuropsychiatry , School of Medicine, Kurume University , Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
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Kusaga A, Yamashita Y, Koeda T, Hiratani M, Kaneko M, Yamada S, Matsuishi T. Increased urine phenylethylamine after methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD. Ann Neurol 2002; 52:372-4. [PMID: 12205654 DOI: 10.1002/ana.10302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The urine levels of beta-phenylethylamine, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were measured to clarify the neurochemical mechanism in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. beta-Phenylethylamine levels were significantly lower in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder individuals (n = 37) than in controls (n = 21). The 22 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were treated with methylphenidate, and they were further divided into methylphenidate responders (n = 18) and nonresponders (n = 4). beta-Phenylethylamine levels significantly increased after methylphenidate therapy in responders, whereas they did not increase in nonresponders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kusaga
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume City, Japan
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Abstract
The current status of neurobiological and neurochemical research on Rett syndrome is reviewed, and correlations are developed with previously described neurophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and immunohistochemical changes. We review the abnormalities reported in the biogenic amine neurotransmitters/receptor systems, and of beta-phenylethylamine, an endogenous amine synthesized by the decarboxylation of phenylalanine in dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system. We also discuss the roles of other neurotransmitters, including beta-endorphin and substance P, and neurotrophic factors, including nerve growth factors. Recently, DNA mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2, mapped to Xq28, have been identified in some patients with Rett syndrome. The multiple abnormalities in the various neurotransmitters/receptor systems explain the pervasive effects of Rett syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Matsuishi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, 830-0011, Kurume, Japan.
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Satoi M, Matsuishi T, Yamada S, Yamashita Y, Ohtaki E, Mori K, Riikonen R, Kato H, Percy AK. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid levels of ?-phenylethylamine in patients with Rett syndrome. Ann Neurol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(200006)47:6<801::aid-ana13>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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