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Hassan M, Shahzadi S, Yasir M, Chun W, Kloczkowski A. Therapeutic Implication of miRNAs as an Active Regulatory Player in the Management of Pain: A Review. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1003. [PMID: 39202362 PMCID: PMC11353898 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is frequently associated with neuropathy, inflammation, or the malfunctioning of nerves. Chronic pain is associated with a significant burden of morbidity due to opioid use, associated with addiction and tolerance, and disability. MicroRNAs (miRs) are emerging therapeutic targets to treat chronic pain through the regulation of genes associated with inflammation, neuronal excitability, survival, or de-differentiation. In this review, we discuss the possible involvement of miRs in pain-related molecular pathways. miRs are known to regulate high-conviction pain genes, supporting their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (S.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (S.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (S.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Dash S, Singh PA, Bajwa N, Choudhury A, Bisht P, Sharma R. Why Pharmacovigilance of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs is Important in India? Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:731-748. [PMID: 37855282 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303247469230926092404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are among the drugs that are most regularly administered to manage inflammation and pain. Over-the-Counter (OTC) NSAIDs are widely accessible, particularly in developing countries like India. This casual approach to using NSAIDs may operate as a magnet for NSAID-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients. OBJECTIVES As patients in India are less informed about the appropriate use of NSAIDs and consumption patttern, adverse drug reactions, and the importance of reporting ADRs, the current study's objective is to promote patient safety by using pharmacovigilance as a tool to educate patients. METHODS A targeted literature methodology was utilized to gather the data pertaining to NSAIDs, their ADRs and their pharmacovigilance. Different scientific databases, such as Science Direct, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Springer, and Google Scholar, along with authentic textbooks, were explored as reference literature. RESULTS In general, NSAIDs consumption pattern depends upon the different age groups. Around 1.6 billion tablets of NSAIDs are consumed in India for ailments, such as headaches, arthritis, menstrual cramps, osteoarthritis, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoporosis, tendinitis, cancer pain and chronic pain. Common ADRs of NSAIDs include nausea, vomiting, headache, gastritis, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea. Also, they can cause renal damage and cardiovascular problems if not consumed in a dose-dependent manner. However, Diclofenac and Ibuprofen have both been linked to depression and dementia. There have been reports of aplastic anaemia, agranulocytosis linked to phenylbutazone, Stevens-Johnson, and Lyell's syndrome linked to isoxicam and piroxicam, as well as the vulnerability of new-borns to Reye's syndrome after aspirin use. Lack of awareness, time constraints and unpredictability, poor training in ADRs identification, etc., are some of the reasons for the under-reporting of ADR of NSAIDs in India. CONCLUSION In order to rationally prescribe NSAIDs, it is essential to be aware of probable ADR's and establish prescription guidelines. Prescribers' behaviour can be changed toward excellent prescribing practices by conducting routine prescription assessments dealing with NSAIDs and providing feedback. In the near future, it will be critical to strengthen ADR data management and expand the reach of pharmacovigilance programs, ADR monitoring centers, and healthcare professionals' especially pharmacists' training in rural locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhransu Dash
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Preet Amol Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Bajwa
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Abinash Choudhury
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Bisht
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- College of Pharmacy, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
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Coates MD, Dalessio S, Stuart A, Walter V, Tinsley A, Clarke K, Williams ED. Lifestyle Factors and Silent Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Intest Dis 2023; 8:153-160. [PMID: 38115910 PMCID: PMC10727519 DOI: 10.1159/000534413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypoalgesic or silent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a poorly understood condition that has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. There is evidence that lifestyle factors, including diet, exercise, and substance use can influence inflammatory activity and symptoms in IBD. It is unclear, though, whether these issues impact pain experience in IBD. We performed this study to evaluate the potential relationship between several key lifestyle factors and silent IBD. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis using an IBD natural history registry based in a single tertiary care referral center. We compared demographic and clinical features in 2 patient cohorts defined using data from simultaneous pain surveys and ileocolonoscopy: (a) active IBD without pain (silent IBD) and (b) active IBD with pain. We also evaluated the relative incidence of characteristics related to diet, exercise, sexual activity, and substance abuse. Results One hundred and eighty IBD patients had active disease and 69 (38.3%) exhibited silent IBD. Silent IBD patients exhibited incidences of disease type, location, and severity as pain-perceiving IBD patients. Silent IBD patients were more likely to be male and less likely to exhibit anxiety and/or depression or to use cannabis, analgesic medication, or corticosteroids. There were no significant differences in dietary, exercise-related, or sexual activities between silent and pain-perceiving IBD patients. Conclusions Silent IBD was associated with reduced incidence of substance and analgesic medication use. No relationships were found between silent IBD and diet, exercise, or sexual activity, though specific elements of each require further dedicated study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Coates
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shannon Dalessio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - August Stuart
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Tinsley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kofi Clarke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Emmanuelle D. Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Laucirica I, García Iglesias P, Calvet X. [Peptic ulcer]. Med Clin (Barc) 2023; 161:260-266. [PMID: 37365037 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is a frequent pathology; although the incidence has decreased in recent years, it continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality associated with high healthcare costs. The most important risk factors are Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Most patients with peptic ulcer disease remain asymptomatic, with dyspepsia being the most frequent and often characteristic symptom. It can also debut with complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation or stenosis. The diagnostic technique of choice is upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors, eradication of H. pylori and avoiding the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the basis of treatment. However, prevention is the best strategy, it includes an adequate indication of proton pump inhibitors, investigation and treatment of H. pylori, avoiding non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or using those that are less gastrolesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Laucirica
- Servei d'Aparell Digestiu, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España
| | - Pilar García Iglesias
- Servei d'Aparell Digestiu, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Servei d'Aparell Digestiu, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, España.
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X R, W M, W G, Z L, W X, C W, W C. Chemotherapy-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with multiple myeloma, a case report and literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1227448. [PMID: 37601673 PMCID: PMC10433741 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1227448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and patient concerns Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are severe drug-induced skin reactions associated with a high mortality rate. The patient in this case report developed TEN after receiving the Velcade-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (VRD) regimen for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). The patient's concerns included the progression of the rash, pain, itching, and potential long-term complications. TEN is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt medical intervention and hospitalization. Interventions The treatment approach for the patient included discontinuation of the causative medication (lenalidomide) and comprehensive supportive therapy. Supportive measures included the administration of systemic corticosteroids (methylprednisolone), intravenous immunoglobulin infusion, pain relief medication (ebastine), antibiotic prophylaxis, laminar bed use, and regular dressing changes. The goal was to alleviate symptoms, promote skin and mucous membrane healing, and prevent complications such as infection. Diagnosis The patient was diagnosed with stage III A DS and stage III ISS MM, specifically of the immunoglobulin G (λ) type. Diagnostic procedures included CT and MRI scans, bone marrow testing through flow cytometry and morphology analysis, and laboratory tests to assess blood markers. The diagnosis of TEN was made based on the clinical presentation, skin biopsy, and exclusion of other potential causes. Outcomes With the implemented interventions, the patient's condition gradually improved, and the rash resolved without any residual scarring. The patient's skin and mucosa healed, blood markers improved, and bone pain was relieved. The patient was discharged within a month of receiving the final treatment with bortezomib and dexamethasone. The patient got partial response(PR) of multiple myeloma. Lessons Drug-induced SJS/TEN is more prevalent in Asian populations, potentially due to differences in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. The use of systemic corticosteroid therapy in SJS/TEN cases is controversial due to the potential risks of immune suppression and complications. Balancing the immune response to prevent SJS/TEN while maintaining an effective cytotoxic immune response for tumor control remains a challenge. Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory agent, can enhance antitumor immune responses but also contribute to the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN. Increased awareness of HLA variations and frequently mutated genes in different malignancies can help prevent SJS/TEN and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui X
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meidan W
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gongqiang W
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longyi Z
- Clinical Laboratory, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxia W
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei C
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenhui W
- Department of Hematology, Dongyang Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
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Jafari H, Latifi SA, Bayani M. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Lactuca Sativa syrup in controlling pain after periodontal flap surgery: a split-mouth, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:457-463. [PMID: 35796290 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective pain control after oral surgeries including periodontal flap surgery is one of the biggest problems in the periodontology field. The use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain after periodontal flap surgery is common, but these have some adverse side effects such as impaired platelet function and causing digestive problems. Today, the tendency to use omedicinal plants is more than synthetic drugs due to their safety. Therefore, we designed a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effects of Lactuca Sativa (L. Sativa) syrup as an adjunct therapy in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery. METHODS This split-mouth, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 26 subjects. Patients were assigned for two surgery. Primary surgery was performed on the right maxilla and after 30 days, secondary surgery was performed on the left maxilla. In primary surgery, patients consumed L. Sativa syrup (3 times a day for 72 h) and in secondary surgery, patients consumed placebo syrup (3 times a day for 72 h). Pain intensity was measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after a periodontal flap surgery in both surgeries using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). All patients received their routine drugs, including analgesics. The number of analgesics used after surgery was recorded. Statistical analysis of t-test was used to compare the results of the two surgery. RESULTS The results showed that the mean pain based on VAS score at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after primary periodontal flap surgery was significantly reduced compared to the secondary periodontal flap surgery (p<0.001). The results also showed that the use of analgesics after 72 h of surgery was significantly reduced in the primary periodontal flap surgery compared to the secondary periodontal flap surgery (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS According to the results of this study, L.Sativa syrup can be effective as adjuvant therapy in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Jafari
- Periodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Latifi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Bayani
- Periodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Shinde SU, Khairnar MR, Wadgave U, Kalghatgi S, Kadam HR. Comparative Efficacy of Analdent (Herbal Analgesic Preparation) and Aceclofenac on Pain Intensity After Tooth Extraction: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2023; 22:152-158. [PMID: 36703681 PMCID: PMC9871148 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-022-01748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Pain management following tooth extraction is crucial in minimizing patient suffering and risk of infection and hastening the recovery. Safety issues with routinely prescribed drugs such as NSAIDs for pain management call for search of an effective and safe alternative. Advances in the field of alternative medicine have led to the use of various natural products for pain management in the field of dentistry. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy between the analdent and aceclofenac in terms of alleviation of post-operative pain and facial swelling after extraction of tooth. Methods A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted on 22 participants in the age range of 13-25 years requiring extraction of first permanent premolars for orthodontic reason. The extraction sites were randomized to receive either analdent or aceclofenac post-orthodontic extraction. Post-extraction dental pain was assessed after 8 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-operatively using a visual analog scale, and incidence of swelling was recorded. Results Pain score showed a significant reduction (p = 0.001) post-operatively within analdent (herbal drug) group as well as Zerodol (aceclofenac) group. However, there was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two groups at each interval. Two participants in analdent group and one participant in aceclofenac group reported swelling after 8 h of extraction which subsided after cold pack application. Conclusion Analdent was found to be equally effective as aceclofenac in managing pain after the tooth extraction with relatively no side effects.CTRI Registration Number: CTRI/2020/ 03/024296 dated 27/03/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil U. Shinde
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra India
| | - Mahesh R. Khairnar
- Unit of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Umesh Wadgave
- Dental Surgeon, Wadgave Dental Home, Bidar, Karnataka India
| | - Shrivardhan Kalghatgi
- Dept. of Public Health Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra India
| | - Harshawardhan R. Kadam
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra India
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Pasha I, Arshad A, Ahmad F, Raza A. Antiulcerative potential of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) against aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in a rabbit model. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111799. [PMID: 36096055 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is accredited as a functional food because of its nutraceutical compounds. These dietary components may help heal lesions and ulcer scars in the stomach. This research was designed to examine the antioxidant and antiulcerative potential of sweet potato (red skin, white flesh) against aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in a rabbit model. METHODS Sweet potato samples were analyzed for in vitro analysis, such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. In a bioefficacy study, rabbits were divided into five groups (n = 6) in which G0 received the standard diet only, G1 150 mg/kg aspirin, G2 20 mg/kg omeprazole, G3 1000 mg/kg aqueous extract of sweet potato, and G4 1000 mg/kg ethanolic extract of sweet potato. After completion of the trial, the animals were decapitated and examined for antiulcer parameters, serum analysis, and hematologic parameters. RESULTS The mean values for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content were 57%, 927 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g, and 1901 µg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively. The values for gastric volume, acid output, ulcer scores and index, total oxidant status, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte count were increased significantly (P < 0.05) for the positive control group compared with G2, G3, and G4. Gastric pH and body weight at the end of the experiment were significantly reduced for the positive control group (P < 0.05) compared with G2, G3, and G4. Histology test results of gastric tissues in G1 depicted severe epithelial damage compared with G2, G3, and G4. CONCLUSIONS The results for the antiulcer parameters ascertained the antiulcer activity of sweet potato in aspirin-induced gastric ulcer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Pasha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Arshad
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farah Ahmad
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Raza
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Priya S, Singhvi G. Microneedles-based drug delivery strategies: A breakthrough approach for the management of pain. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113717. [PMID: 36174381 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a personalized event or body alarm system that can limit a patient's activities and lead to negative repercussions. The commercially available conventional treatment strategies like oral, parenteral, and topical drug delivery systems for pain management are associated with side effects and poor patient compliance. The transdermal route is eminent for its painless distribution. Among transdermal drug delivery system, microneedles (MNs) are gaining attention for their application with delivery at the deeper dermal layer because it bypasses the major barrier of the skin, easily accesses the skin dermal microcirculation, prevents damage to dermal blood vessels, and can be simply inserted into the skin without utilizing any additional applicator devices. Hence, considered a promising drug delivery strategy with high patient compliance. This review highlights the recent advancements of MNs in pain management. The present work mainly emphasizes all the case studies reported from the past 10 years that utilize MNs containing therapeutics in the treatment of chronic pain-associated diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and atopic dermatitis. These studies have proven the efficacious application of MNs in the management of chronic pain and inflammation. The review also covered the clinical trials, patents, and future goals of pain management by using MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Priya
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) - Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) - Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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Development and Challenges of Diclofenac-Based Novel Therapeutics: Targeting Cancer and Complex Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184385. [PMID: 36139546 PMCID: PMC9496891 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diclofenac is a widely used drug for its anti-inflammatory and pain alleviating properties. This review summarizes the current understanding about the drug diclofenac. The potential applications of diclofenac beyond its well-known anti-inflammatory properties for other diseases such as cancer are discussed, along with existing limitations. Abstract Diclofenac is a highly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that relieves inflammation, pain, fever, and aches, used at different doses depending on clinical conditions. This drug inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 enzymes, which are responsible for the generation of prostaglandin synthesis. To improve current diclofenac-based therapies, we require new molecular systematic therapeutic approaches to reduce complex multifactorial effects. However, the critical challenge that appears with diclofenac and other drugs of the same class is their side effects, such as signs of stomach injuries, kidney problems, cardiovascular issues, hepatic issues, and diarrhea. In this article, we discuss why defining diclofenac-based mechanisms, pharmacological features, and its medicinal properties are needed to direct future drug development against neurodegeneration and imperfect ageing and to improve cancer therapy. In addition, we describe various advance molecular mechanisms and fundamental aspects linked with diclofenac which can strengthen and enable the better designing of new derivatives of diclofenac to overcome critical challenges and improve their applications.
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Ting AKY, Tay VSY, Chng HT, Xie S. A Critical Review on the Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Opioid Drugs Used in Reptiles. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 17:100267. [PMID: 36043206 PMCID: PMC9420515 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2022.100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are analgesics used for moderate to severe pain in many animals, including reptiles. However, reptilian dosing regimens are often extrapolated from other animal species. This is not ideal as inter- and intra-species variability in physiology may result in varied drug disposition. Therefore, this critical review aims to collate data from pharmacological studies of selected NSAIDs and opioids performed in reptile and provide an analysis and discussion on the existing pharmacodynamic knowledge and pharmacokinetic data of NSAIDs and opioids use in reptiles. Additionally, key pharmacokinetic trends that may aid dosing of NSAIDs and opioids in reptiles will also be highlighted. Most of the existing reports of NSAID used in reptiles did not observe any adverse effects directly associated to the respective NSAID used, with meloxicam being the most well-studied. Despite the current absence of analgesic efficacy studies for NSAIDs in reptiles, most reports observed behavioural improvements in reptiles after NSAID treatment. Fentanyl and morphine were studied in the greatest number of reptile species with analgesic effects observed with the doses used, while adverse effects such as sedation were observed most with butorphanol use. While pharmacokinetic trends were drug- and species-specific, it was observed that clearance (CL) of drugs tended to be higher in squamates compared to chelonians. The half-life (t1/2) of meloxicam also appeared to be longer when dosed orally compared to other routes of drug administration. This could have been due to absorption-rate limited disposition. Although current data provided beneficial information, there is an urgent need for future research on NSAID and opioid pharmacology to ensure the safe and effective use of opioids in reptiles.
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Ellis K, Munro D, Wood R. The experiences of endometriosis patients with diagnosis and treatment in New Zealand. Front Glob Womens Health 2022; 3:991045. [PMID: 36118149 PMCID: PMC9471549 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2022.991045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronically painful, invasive, inflammatory disease, with limited treatment options and long delays to diagnosis, which impacts 10% of females in New Zealand. Introduction As part of a larger group discussion study, this paper covers three themes associated with endometriosis patient experiences: intensity of pain, diagnostic tool shortcomings and perspectives of treatment options. Materials and methods The goal of this research was the inclusion of patient voices to guide research priorities. In early 2022, 50 New Zealand endometriosis patients participated in anonymous, asynchronous, text-based group discussions on the VisionsLive platform. The patients ranged in age from 18-48. The patients answered 50 questions, 23 text-based and 27 quantitative, and then took part in online group discussions. Results and discussion The average age of symptom onset was 15.3 years, while the average delay from symptom onset to a working or surgically confirmed diagnosis was 7.91 years. The top five reported symptoms within the cohort were pain-based, and the participants discussed the many impacts of this pain on their work and education. The four main diagnostic tools employed on this cohort were abdominal ultrasound (72%), transvaginal ultrasound (68%), laparoscopy (82%) and sharing their symptom history with a medical practitioner (88%). The most common emotions patients experienced following receiving a diagnosis of endometriosis were relief (86%), feeling overwhelmed (54%), and anger (32%). The main treatments offered to this cohort were pain relief (96%), laparoscopic surgery (84%) and the combined oral contraceptive pill (80%). Of these three treatments, only laparoscopic surgery was viewed positively by the majority of users, with 67% considering laparoscopy an effective treatment, compared to 46% of users for pain relief, and 25% of users for the combined oral contraceptive pill. Conclusions Gathering the voice of patients revealed that long delays to diagnosis and dismissal by medical practitioners frequently manifests as a reaction of relief by patients once diagnosed. Results also showed treatment options such as pain relief and hormonal medications were often considered ineffective, but were routinely offered as the first, or only, options for patients. It is therefore important that both quicker routes to diagnosis and more effective treatment options be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Ellis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Deborah Munro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- The Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachael Wood
- The Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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13
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Anjani QK, Sabri AHB, Moreno-Castellanos N, Utomo E, Cárcamo-Martínez Á, Domínguez-Robles J, Wardoyo LAH, Donnelly RF. Soluplus®-based dissolving microarray patches loaded with colchicine: towards a minimally invasive treatment and management of gout. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5838-5855. [PMID: 35972236 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Considered as one of the most common inflammatory arthritis, gout is characterised by a sudden onset of severe joint pain. As the first-line drug of choice used in treating acute gout, colchicine (CLC) is hindered by poor gastrointestinal permeability as well as unfavourable gastrointestinal side effects. Herein, we present, for the first time, the preparation of microarray array patches (MAPs) made of a polymeric solubiliser, Soluplus®, loaded with CLC for its systemic delivery. The fabricated MAPs displayed acceptable mechanical properties and were capable of being inserted into the skin to a depth of ≈500 μm in full thickness ex vivo neonatal porcine skin, as evidenced by optical coherence tomography. In vitro dermatokinetic studies utilising full thickness neonatal porcine skin demonstrated that the CLC-loaded MAPs delivered CLC across all skin strata, resulting in a delivery efficiency of 73% after 24 hours. Furthermore, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell proliferation assays along with LIVE/DEAD™ staining on the 3T3-L1 cell line showed that the MAP formulation displayed minimal toxicity, with acceptable biocompatibility. Lastly, the anti-inflammatory properties of the formulation were evaluated using a THP-1 macrophage cell line. It was shown that treatment of THP-1 macrophages that are exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with CLC-loaded MAPs caused a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of TNF-α production, a pro-inflammatory cytokine typically associated with the early onset of acute gout. Accordingly, CLC-loaded MAPs could represent a new minimally-invasive alternative strategy for management of acute gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK. .,Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Megarezky, Jl. Antang Raya No. 43, Makassar 90234, Indonesia
| | - Akmal Hidayat Bin Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Natalia Moreno-Castellanos
- Basic Science Department, Faculty of Health, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680001, Colombia
| | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Álvaro Cárcamo-Martínez
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Luki Ahmadi Hari Wardoyo
- Fakultas Seni Rupa dan Desain, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No.10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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14
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Vemulakonda SHP, Dutta S, Jain A, Reddy A, Nelamangala Ramakrishnaiah VP. A Rare Case of Kissing Gastric Ulcers Secondary to Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Intake. Cureus 2022; 14:e27490. [PMID: 36060338 PMCID: PMC9423786 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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Gupta S, Gautam S, Kumar U, Arora T, Dada R. Potential Role of Yoga Intervention in the Management of Chronic Non-malignant Pain. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5448671. [PMID: 35668780 PMCID: PMC9167073 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5448671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant and upsetting experience. Persistent pain has an impact on an individual's quality of life which causes stress and mood disorders. There are currently no pain-relieving techniques available that can eliminate pain and offer relief without causing any adverse effects. These factors draw attention to traditional treatments like yoga and meditation, which can reduce biological stress and hence increase immunity, as well as alleviate the psychological and emotional suffering produced by pain. Yoga reduces the stress response and the pain cascade via the downregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and vagal stimulation. Yoga is a cost-effective growing health practice that, unlike pharmaceuticals, has no side effects and can help patients stay in remission for longer periods of time with fewer relapses. Yoga not only reduces stress and depression severity but also improves functional status and reduces pain perception. This article highlights the impact of yoga on pain management and on a malfunctioning immune system, which leads to improved health, pain reduction, disease management, and improvement in overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Gupta
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gautam
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Uma Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal & Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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16
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Assefa B, Tadesse A, Abay Z, Abebe A, Tesfaye T, Tadesse M, Molla A. Peptic ulcer disease among dyspeptic patients at endoscopy unit, University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:164. [PMID: 35382748 PMCID: PMC8980767 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dyspepsia is a common complaint in upper gastrointestinal disorders. It is described as predominant epigastric pain lasting for at least one month. Globally, peptic ulcer disease occurs in 3.5–32% of patients with dyspepsia. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/aspirin use are the widely known risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. There was no recent document on H. pylori infection rate among patients with peptic ulcer disease in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine magnitude and associated factors of peptic ulcer disease among dyspeptic patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 218 study subjects. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to extract clinical information. Olympus flexible fiber-optic endoscope (Olympus, GIF-E 600, Olympus Corp., Hamburg, Germany) was used to confirm the presence of peptic ulcer disease. Diagnosis of active H. pylori infection was made using the fecal H. pylori Antigen 25 T Card Test (Anamol Lab., Pvt. Ltd., Palghar, India). The Data were entered into EPI Info version 4.6.0.2, and then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Explanatory variables associated with peptic ulcer disease were analyzed by applying logistic regression model. P value < 0.05 was used to declare significant association.
Result A total of 218 dyspeptic patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic evaluations were included in the study. The mean (+ SD) age of patients was 42 ± 16.4 years. Forty nine percent (95% CI 42.4–56.2) of dyspeptic patients had active H. pylori infection. Peptic ulcer disease was diagnosed in 35% (95% CI 31.4–39.2) of patients with dyspepsia. H. pylori infection (AOR = 6.298, 95% CI 2.965–13.378, P value < 0.001) and NSAIDs/ASA use (AOR = 6.252, 95% CI 2.925–13.362, P value < 0.001) were identified as risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. Conclusion Medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease should target treatment of H. pylori infection and cautious use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Assefa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abilo Tadesse
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Zenahebezu Abay
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alula Abebe
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tsebaot Tesfaye
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Tadesse
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Molla
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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17
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CHEN PINGHSUN. A Pharmaceutical Formulation as a Claim Term Cannot “Target” a Plasma Concentration-Time Profile Under 35 U.S.C. § 112: A Lesson from Horizon Pharma, Inc. v. Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc.. Biotechnol Law Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/blr.2022.29262.phc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- PING-HSUN CHEN
- Ping-Hsun Chen is Associate Professor at the Graduate Institute of Technology, Innovation, and Intellectual Property Management at National Chengchi University in Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Mazhar H, Samudrawar R, Tamgadge P, Wasekar R, Tiwari RVC, Tiwari H. Preemptive Oral Ketorolac with Local Tramadol Versus Oral Ketorolac in Third Molar Surgery: A Comparative Clinical Trial. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2022; 21:227-234. [PMID: 35400910 PMCID: PMC8934834 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-020-01400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To assess preemptive analgesic efficacy of oral ketorolac with submucous placebo versus oral ketorolac with submucous tramadol during impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Methodology A double-blind, split-mouth clinical study was carried on 40 patients having bilateral impacted mandibular third molars. They were divided as group A comprising of 40 patients in whom oral ketorolac with submucous tramadol was administered and group B comprising of 40 patients in whom oral ketorolac with submucous placebo was administered. The study parameters included were pain intensity scores, duration to take 1st rescue analgesia, need of analgesic intake during the first 24 h postoperatively and patient's experience. Results The patient's experience was found to be better in the group A as compared to group B while evaluating mean pain intensity scores (VRS, VAS); need of postoperative analgesics and drug-related complications. Conclusion Preemptive oral ketorolac with tramadol in comparison to oral ketorolac results in better pain relief, longer pain free intervals with minimum rescue analgesics requirement & lesser postoperative analgesics consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Mazhar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh India
| | - Ratna Samudrawar
- Oral Medicine & Radiology, EJHS Wellness Center, Adilabad, Telangana India
| | - Prashant Tamgadge
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh India
| | - Rashmi Wasekar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Wadhamna Road, Hingna, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
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19
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Piceatannol Affects Gastric Ulcers Induced by Indomethacin: Association of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Angiogenesis Mechanisms in Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030356. [PMID: 35330107 PMCID: PMC8953771 DOI: 10.3390/life12030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major aggressive factors that affect gastric injury is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Indomethacin (Indo) showed higher potentiality in gastric injury over conventional NSAIDs. Piceatannol (PIC) is a natural polyphenolic stilbene that possesses potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The gastroprotective properties of PIC have been overlooked previously. Hence, we aim to study gastric injury induced by Indo and the protective action manifested by PIC, as well as to elucidate the likely underlying mechanisms of action in a rat model. The rats have been treated with vehicle, Indo alone, combined treatment with Indo, and PIC at (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg), respectively. The rats were also treated with Indo and omeprazole. In our study, we found that PIC at both 5 and 10 mg/kg doses was effective by averting the rise in ulcer and lesion indices, acid production, and histological variations persuaded by Indo. Mechanistically, PIC significantly reduced lipid peroxidation product (MDA), increased the GSH content, and enhanced SOD and CAT activity. In addition, PIC exhibits a distinct reduction in the levels of inflammatory parameters (Cox-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and NFκB). Contrastingly, PIC augmented both mucin and PGE2 content. Moreover, PIC fostered angiogenesis by increasing the expression of proangiogenic factors (VEGF, bFGF, and PDGF). Overall, the above results suggest PIC exhibits a potential protective effect against Indo-induced gastric ulcers by the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic mechanisms.
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20
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Głowacka U, Magierowska K, Wójcik D, Hankus J, Szetela M, Cieszkowski J, Korbut E, Danielak A, Surmiak M, Chmura A, Wallace JL, Magierowski M. Microbiome Profile and Molecular Pathways Alterations in Gastrointestinal Tract by Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (ATB-352): Insight into Possible Safer Polypharmacy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:189-210. [PMID: 33678013 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including ketoprofen, induce adverse effects within the gastrointestinal (GI)-tract. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an antioxidative gaseous mediator contributing to GI-protection. We aimed to evaluate the GI safety of a novel H2S-releasing derivative of ketoprofen (ATB-352) versus classic ketoprofen and the molecular mechanisms of their activity after chronic treatment in experimental animal models. Results: Ketoprofen (10 mg/kg/day) administered intragastrically for 7 days in contrast with ATB-352 (14 mg/kg/day) reduced mucosal H2S content inducing GI damage with significantly increased injury score, altered intestinal microbiome profile, and modulation of more than 50% of 36 investigated molecular sensors (e.g., mammalian target of rapamycin or suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 [SOCS3]). Polypharmacy with aspirin (10 mg/kg/day) enhanced ketoprofen toxicity not affecting GI safety of ATB-352. Omeprazole (20 mg/kg/day) decreased ketoprofen-induced injury to the level of ATB-352 alone. Both compounds combined or not with aspirin or omeprazole maintained the ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) activity manifested by decreased prostaglandin production. Innovation and Conclusions: Ketoprofen-induced H2S-production decrease and intestinal microbiome profile alterations lead to GI toxicity observed on macro-/microscopic and molecular levels. Ketoprofen but not ATB-352 requires concomitant treatment with omeprazole to eliminate GI adverse effects. ATB-352 applied alone or in a polypharmacy setting with aspirin effectively inhibited COX and maintained GI safety due to H2S-release. Neither compound affected DNA oxidation in the GI mucosa, but ATB-352 had lower impact on molecular oxidative/inflammatory response pathways and intestinal microbiome. The GI safety of ATB-352 could be due to the involvement of heme oxygenase 1 and SOCS3 pathway activation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 189-210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Głowacka
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Dagmara Wójcik
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Hankus
- Department of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szetela
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Jakub Cieszkowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Edyta Korbut
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Danielak
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Chmura
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - John L Wallace
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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21
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Nisha, Singh S, Sharma N, Chandra R. The indole nucleus as a selective COX-2 inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent (2011–2022). Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory bioactivity of diversely substituted indole derivatives, mainly N-1 and C-3 substituted indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Snigdha Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Neera Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Institute of Nanomedical Science (INMS), University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
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22
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Brătucu MN, Prunoiu VM, Strâmbu V, Brătucu E, Răvaş MM, Simion L, Petre R. Unusual Complicated Gastric Ulcers. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 57:medicina57121345. [PMID: 34946290 PMCID: PMC8703598 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We here draw attention to a practical issue: the approach to certain unusual gastric ulcers with haemorrhage- or perforation-induced complications. This category of ulcers, i.e., giant (over 2–3 cm) and multiple ulcers, is rarely encountered. We discuss the circumstances determining the occurrence of such lesions, their diverse aetiology and pathogenesis, their common manifestations, and the severity of their evolution. Some of the lesions are benign (chronic or acute ulcers), whereas others are neoplastic: carcinoma, stromal tumours, and lymphomas. In gastric ulcers, the characteristics of this particular and rare category of lesions strictly places them in the surgical field, requiring primary surgical intention. Conservative treatments are not effective in such cases, and preoperative biopsies are not appropriate for emergency interventions. Whether these unusual ulcers are benign or malign, they need to be surgically removed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virgiliu-Mihail Prunoiu
- “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Oncological Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (M.-M.R.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Victor Strâmbu
- “Carol Davila” Hospital Surgery, 010731 Bucharest, Romania; (M.N.B.); (V.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Eugen Brătucu
- “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Oncological Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (M.-M.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria-Manuela Răvaş
- “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Oncological Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (M.-M.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurenţiu Simion
- “Alexandru Trestioreanu” Oncological Institute, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (E.B.); (M.-M.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Radu Petre
- “Carol Davila” Hospital Surgery, 010731 Bucharest, Romania; (M.N.B.); (V.S.); (R.P.)
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Abstract
Pain associated with infections of the tooth pulp and periapical tissues is intense and often the most common reason for patients seeking emergency dental care. Effective management of acute dental pain requires a deep understanding of pain mechanisms, which enables accurate diagnosis and definitive treatment. While drugs are only used as an adjunct to definitive dental treatment, a thorough understanding of their mechanism of action and effectiveness enables clinicians to effectively control intra-operative and post-operative pain and prevent persistent pain. This review describes how pain is detected, processed, and perceived. It also provides information on evidence-based strategies on the use of different classes of drugs to effectively manage endodontic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma A Khan
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Anibal Diogenes
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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24
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O'Brien JB, Roman DL. Novel treatments for chronic pain: moving beyond opioids. Transl Res 2021; 234:1-19. [PMID: 33727192 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is essential that safe and effective treatment options be available to patients suffering from chronic pain. The emergence of an opioid epidemic has shaped public opinions and created stigmas surrounding the use of opioids for the management of pain. This reality, coupled with high risk of adverse effects from chronic opioid use, has led chronic pain patients and their healthcare providers to utilize nonopioid treatment approaches. In this review, we will explore a number of cellular reorganizations that are associated with the development and progression of chronic pain. We will also discuss the safety and efficacy of opioid and nonopioid treatment options for chronic pain. Finally, we will review the evidence for adenylyl cyclase type 1 (AC1) as a novel target for the treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B O'Brien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - David L Roman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
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25
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Kikuchi S, Togo K, Ebata N, Fujii K, Yonemoto N, Abraham L, Katsuno T. A Retrospective Database Study of Gastrointestinal Events and Medical Costs Associated with Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Japanese Patients of Working Age with Osteoarthritis and Chronic Low Back Pain. PAIN MEDICINE 2021; 22:1029-1038. [PMID: 33585939 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The real-world burden of gastrointestinal (GI) events associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in Japanese patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and/or chronic low back pain (CLBP) remains unreported. OBJECTIVE To assess the incidence and economic burden of NSAID-induced GI events by using data from large-scale real-world databases. METHODS We used the Japanese Medical Data Center database to retrospectively evaluate anonymized claims data of medical insurance beneficiaries employed by middle- to large-size Japanese companies who were prescribed NSAIDs for OA and/or CLBP between 2009 and 2018. RESULTS Overall, 180,371 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 32.9% had OA, 53.8% had CLBP, and 13.4% had both OA and CLBP. NSAIDs were administered as first-line analgesics to 161,152 (89.3%) of the patients in the sample, in oral form to 90.3% and as topical patches to 80.4%. A total of 65.1% used combined oral/topical patches. Of the 21.0% of patients consistently using NSAIDs (percentage of days supplied ≥70%), 54.5% received patches. A total of 51.5% patients used NSAIDs for >1 to ≤6 months. The incidence of GI events was 9.97 per 10,000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 8.92-11.03). The risk of developing GI events was high in elderly patients and patients with comorbidities and remained similar for patients receiving oral vs. topical NSAIDs. Longer treatment duration and consistent NSAID use increased the risk of GI events. The cost (median [interquartile range]) of medications (n = 327) was US$ 80.70 ($14.10, $201.40), that of hospitalization (n = 33) was US$ 2,035.50 ($1,517.80, $2,431.90), and that of endoscopic surgery (n = 52) was US$ 418.20 ($418.20, $418.20). CONCLUSION NSAID-associated GI toxicity imposes a significant health and economic burden on patients with OA and/or CLBP, irrespective of whether oral or topical NSAIDs are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Takayuki Katsuno
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
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McEvoy L, Carr DF, Pirmohamed M. Pharmacogenomics of NSAID-Induced Upper Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:684162. [PMID: 34234675 PMCID: PMC8256335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.684162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drugs which are widely used globally for the treatment of pain and inflammation, and in the case of aspirin, for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is associated with potentially serious upper gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including peptic ulcer disease and gastrointestinal bleeding. A few clinical and genetic predisposing factors have been identified; however, genetic data are contradictory. Further research is needed to identify clinically relevant genetic and non-genetic markers predisposing to NSAID-induced peptic ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L McEvoy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D F Carr
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Razak S, Afsar T, Bibi N, Abulmeaty M, Qamar W, Almajwal A, Inam A, Al Disi D, Shabbir M, Bhat MA. Molecular docking, pharmacokinetic studies, and in vivo pharmacological study of indole derivative 2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-yl)-N'-[(E)-(3-nitrophenyl) methylidene] acetohydrazide as a promising chemoprotective agent against cisplatin induced organ damage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6245. [PMID: 33737575 PMCID: PMC7973782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is an efficient anticancer drug against various types of cancers however, its usage involves side effects. We investigated the mechanisms of action of indole derivative, 2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-N'-[(E)-(3-nitrophenyl) methylidene] acetohydrazide (MMINA) against anticancer drug (cisplatin) induced organ damage using a rodent model. MMINA treatment reversed Cisplatin-induced NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) augmentation while boosted the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The animals were divided into five groups (n = 7). Group1: Control (Normal) group, Group 2: DMSO group, Group 3: cisplatin group, Group 4: cisplatin + MMINA group, Group 5: MMINA group. MMINA treatment normalized plasma levels of biochemical enzymes. We observed a significant decrease in CD4+COX-2, STAT3, and TNF-α cell population in whole blood after MMINA dosage. MMINA downregulated the expression of various signal transduction pathways regulating the genes involved in inflammation i.e. NF-κB, STAT-3, IL-1, COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-α. The protein expression of these regulatory factors was also downregulated in the liver, kidney, heart, and brain. In silico docking and dynamic simulations data were in agreement with the experimental findings. The physiochemical properties of MMINA predicted it as a good drug-like molecule and its mechanism of action is predictably through inhibition of ROS and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nousheen Bibi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmocology and Toxicology, Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anam Inam
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Dara Al Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Shabbir
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Orally Administered NSAIDs-General Characteristics and Usage in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030219. [PMID: 33807930 PMCID: PMC7998670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative joint disease. The aim of this review was to present the general characteristics of orally administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to present the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. Methods: PubMed database was analyzed with the keywords: "(temporomandibular joint) AND ((disorders) OR (osteoarthritis) AND (treatment)) AND (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)". After screening of 180 results, 6 studies have been included in this narrative review. Results and Conclusions: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most commonly used drugs for alleviation of pain localized in the orofacial area. The majority of articles predominantly examined and described diclofenac sodium in the treatment of pain in the course of TMJ OA. Because of the limited number of randomized studies evaluating the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA, as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for the usage of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. However, it is highly recommended to use the lowest effective dose of NSAIDs for the shortest possible time. Moreover, in patients with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications, supplementary gastroprotective agents should be prescribed.
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Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. Alleviates Indomethacin-Induced Acute Gastric Injury by Enhancing Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. (white cabbage) is a valuable vegetable with diverse nutraceutical benefit. Present study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of B. oleracea extract (BOE) standardized by vitamin U on indomethacin (IND)-induced acute gastric injury in Sprague-Dawley rats. Pre-administration of three different doses of BOE (12.5–50 mg/kg) for 14 days significantly decreased visible ulcerative lesions in the gastric tissue. In addition, BOE alleviated IND-mediated increase in histological score with inhibiting invaded percentage of lesion and restoring mucosa thickness in peri-ulcerative region. BOE increased the gastric tissue bound to Alcian blue and inhibited the decrease in hexose, sialic acid, and collagen levels by IND, suggesting that BOE protects the gastric tissue through preserving mucus and mucosal integrity. Moreover, BOE pre-administration blocked the reduction of prostaglandin E2 and down-regulated histamine and mRNA expression related to secret gastric acid. Furthermore, BOE mitigated inflammatory responses in the gastric tissue by decreasing activity of myeloperoxidase and expression of nuclear factor-κB-dependent inflammatory genes. BOE also suppressed malondialdehyde with preventing the reduction of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the gastric tissue. Therefore, results from present study suggest that BOE will have a potential for preventing gastric injury.
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Tiwari A, Bag P, Sarkar M, Chawla V, Chawla PA. Formulation, validation and evaluation studies on metaxalone and diclofenac potassium topical gel. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2021; 36:e2021001-0. [PMID: 33499562 PMCID: PMC8207004 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2021001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty different batches of gels containing metaxalone and diclofenac potassium were prepared for topical application. These drugs act synergistically in the management of pain and inflammation. Gels were prepared by varying the type of gelling agent (ten batches each of hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and carbopol 934). The prepared gels were characterized and evaluated. Batch F7 emerged as the best batch on the basis of favourable pH, high drug content, homogeneity and drug release. HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography) method validation of gel formulation was also carried out and the developed and validated method was found to be robust and accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Tiwari
- Gyani Inder Singh Institute of Professional Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Puja Bag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Mrinmoy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Viney Chawla
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Şen LS, Özdemir Kumral ZN, Memi G, Ercan F, Yeğen BC, Yeğen C. The gastroprotective effect of obestatin on indomethacin-induced acute ulcer is mediated by a vagovagal mechanism. Physiol Int 2020; 107:243-255. [PMID: 32692714 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the role of the vagus nerve in the possible gastroprotective effect of obestatin on the indomethacin-induced acute oxidative gastric injury, Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes were injected subcutaneously with indomethacin (25 mg/kg, 5% NaHCO3) followed by obestatin (10, 30 or 100 μg/kg). In other sets of rats, surgical vagotomy (Vx) or selective degeneration of vagal afferent fibers by perivagal capsaicin was performed before the injections of indomethacin or indomethacin + obestatin (30 μg/kg). Gastric serosal blood flow was measured, and 4 h after ulcer induction gastric tissue samples were taken for histological and biochemical assays. Obestatin reduced the severity of indomethacin-induced acute ulcer via the reversal of reactive hyperemia, by inhibiting ulcer-induced neutrophil infiltration and lipid peroxidation along with the replenishment of glutathione (GSH) stores, whereas Vx abolished the inhibitory effect of obestatin on blood flow and lipid peroxidation, and worsened the severity of ulcer. On the other hand, serosal blood flow was even amplified by the selective denervation of the capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers, but obestatin-induced reduction in ulcer severity was not altered. In conclusion, the gastroprotective effect of obestatin on indomethacin-induced ulcer appears to involve the activation of the vagovagal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Semiha Şen
- 1Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.,3Department of General Surgery, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Gülsün Memi
- 1Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- 2Department of Histology & Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak C Yeğen
- 1Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Yeğen
- 3Department of General Surgery, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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El-Haj BM, Ahmed SB. Metabolic-Hydroxy and Carboxy Functionalization of Alkyl Moieties in Drug Molecules: Prediction of Structure Influence and Pharmacologic Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:E1937. [PMID: 32331223 PMCID: PMC7222001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkyl moieties-open chain or cyclic, linear, or branched-are common in drug molecules. The hydrophobicity of alkyl moieties in drug molecules is modified by metabolic hydroxy functionalization via free-radical intermediates to give primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols depending on the class of the substrate carbon. The hydroxymethyl groups resulting from the functionalization of methyl groups are mostly oxidized further to carboxyl groups to give carboxy metabolites. As observed from the surveyed cases in this review, hydroxy functionalization leads to loss, attenuation, or retention of pharmacologic activity with respect to the parent drug. On the other hand, carboxy functionalization leads to a loss of activity with the exception of only a few cases in which activity is retained. The exceptions are those groups in which the carboxy functionalization occurs at a position distant from a well-defined primary pharmacophore. Some hydroxy metabolites, which are equiactive with their parent drugs, have been developed into ester prodrugs while carboxy metabolites, which are equiactive to their parent drugs, have been developed into drugs as per se. In this review, we present and discuss the above state of affairs for a variety of drug classes, using selected drug members to show the effect on pharmacologic activity as well as dependence of the metabolic change on drug molecular structure. The review provides a basis for informed predictions of (i) structural features required for metabolic hydroxy and carboxy functionalization of alkyl moieties in existing or planned small drug molecules, and (ii) pharmacologic activity of the metabolites resulting from hydroxy and/or carboxy functionalization of alkyl moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babiker M. El-Haj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fufairah 00971, UAE
| | - Samrein B.M. Ahmed
- College of Medicine, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 00971, UAE;
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Martir J, Flanagan T, Mann J, Fotaki N. Co-administration of Paediatric Medicines with Food and Drinks in the Context of Their Physicochemical Properties-a Global Perspective on Practices and Recommendations. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:54. [PMID: 32133550 PMCID: PMC7056676 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-0432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicine co-administration with food or drink vehicles is a common administration practice in paediatrics. The aims of this review were (i) to describe the current recommended strategies for co-administration of paediatric medicines with food and drinks (vehicles); (ii) to compare current administration recommendations from different countries; and (iii) to obtain a global perspective on the rationale behind the choice of recommended vehicle, in the context of the physicochemical properties of the drug and formulation. This study used a defined search strategy on the practices of paediatric medicine co-administration with vehicles, recommended in a commonly used paediatric and neonatal handbook, in addition to the information previously gathered from UK formularies. Logistic regression analysis was performed to further understand the biopharmaceutical basis of the choice of recommended vehicle for medicine co-administration. Differences were identified in the type of vehicles globally recommended for medicine co-administration. Ultimately, a statistical model was developed which provided an understanding on which vehicle is recommended for use with drugs/formulations, with basis on their biopharmaceutical properties. Overall, this review highlights the areas where further information is needed to support standardised procedures and guide the recommendation of age-appropriate and acceptable vehicles for use in the co-administration of paediatric medicines. Unified requirements are needed for harmonisation of the practice of medicine co-administration with vehicles. In vitro and/or in silico tools should be developed to evaluate the potential clinical outcomes of this practice during paediatric drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Martir
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Talia Flanagan
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Astra Zeneca, Macclesfield, UK.,Currently at UCB Pharma, Chemin du Foriest, B - 1420, Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - James Mann
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Astra Zeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Sheng J, Sun H, Yu FB, Li B, Zhang Y, Zhu YT. The Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1095-1101. [PMID: 32410839 PMCID: PMC7211146 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.44439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in this world, accounting for more than 1 million cases each year. However, detailed etiology and mechanism of colorectal cancer have not been fully understood. For example, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been closely linked to its occurrence, progression and prognosis. However, the mechanisms on how COX-2 and PGE2-mediate the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer are obscure. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in studies of pathogenesis and control in colorectal cancer to assist further advances in the research for the cure of the cancer. In addition, the knowledge gained may also guide the audiences for reduction of the risk and control of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, China
| | - Hong Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Fu-Bing Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Tissue Tech Inc, Miami, Florida 33032, USA
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COX-2 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1277:87-104. [PMID: 33119867 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50224-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep, complicated process, and many studies have been completed over the last few decades to elucidate this process. Increasingly, many studies have shifted focus toward the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which consists of cellular players, cell-cell communications, and extracellular matrix (ECM). In the TME, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been found to be a key molecule mediating the microenvironment changes. COX-2 is an inducible form of the enzyme that converts arachidonic acid into the signal transduction molecules (thromboxanes and prostaglandins). COX-2 is frequently expressed in many types of cancers and has been closely linked to its occurrence, progression, and prognosis. For example, COX-2 has been shown to (1) regulate tumor cell growth, (2) promote tissue invasion and metastasis, (3) inhibit apoptosis, (4) suppress antitumor immunity, and (5) promote sustainable angiogenesis. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances of studies that have evaluated COX-2 signaling in TME.
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Coates MD, Soriano C, Dalessio S, Stuart A, Walter V, Koltun W, Bernasko N, Tinsley A, Clarke K, Williams ED. Gastrointestinal hypoalgesia in inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Gastroenterol 2019; 33:45-52. [PMID: 31892797 PMCID: PMC6928483 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2019.0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pain perception is critical for detection of noxious bodily insults. Gastrointestinal hypoalgesia in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a poorly understood phenomenon previously linked to poor patient outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with this condition and to discern characteristics that might differentiate these patients from pain-free quiescent counterparts. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using an IBD natural history registry based in a single tertiary care referral center. We compared demographic and clinical features in 3 patient cohorts defined using data from simultaneous pain surveys and ileocolonoscopy: a) active IBD without pain (hypoalgesic IBD); b) active IBD with pain; and c) inactive IBD without pain. Results: One hundred fifty-three IBD patients had active disease and 43 (28.1%) exhibited hypoalgesia. Hypoalgesic IBD patients were more likely to develop non-perianal fistulae (P=0.03). On logistic regression analysis, hypoalgesic IBD was independently associated with male sex, advancing age and mesalamine use, and inversely associated with anxious/depressed state and opiate use. Hypoalgesic IBD patients were demographically and clinically similar to the pain-free quiescent IBD cohort (n=59). Platelet count and C-reactive protein were more likely to be pathologically elevated in hypoalgesic IBD (P=0.03), though >25% did not exhibit elevated inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Hypoalgesia is common in IBD, particularly in male and older individuals, and is associated with an increased incidence of fistulae and corticosteroid use. Novel noninvasive diagnostic tools are needed to screen for this population, as inflammatory markers are not always elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Coates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | | | - Shannon Dalessio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | - August Stuart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | - Vonn Walter
- Public Health Sciences and Department of Biochemistry (Vonn Walter)
| | - Walter Koltun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery (Walter Koltun), Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nana Bernasko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | - Andrew Tinsley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | - Kofi Clarke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
| | - Emmanuelle D Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Matthew D. Coates, Shannon Dalessio, August Stuart, Nana Bernasko, Andrew Tinsley, Kofi Clarke, Emmanuelle D. Williams)
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García-López JP, Vilos C, Feijóo CG. Zebrafish, a model to develop nanotherapeutics that control neutrophils response during inflammation. J Control Release 2019; 313:14-23. [PMID: 31622693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are crucial modulators of the inflammation process, and their uncontrolled response worsens several chronic pathologies. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activity is critical for normal immune and inflammatory response through the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis. In this work, we study the effect of hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles loaded with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 in an acute and chronic inflammatory model in zebrafish containing a transgenic neutrophil cell line that constitutively expresses a green fluorescent protein. We identify the existence of at least two neutrophils subpopulation involved in the response during the acute inflammation triggered; a first-responder p38α-independent subset and a second-responder p38α-dependent subset. In the case of chronic inflammation, neutrophils recruited in the intestine only during the inflammation process, migrate in a p38α-dependent manner. Likewise, we establish that SB203580-loaded in NPs exerts their action during at least a double period than the inhibitor administers directly in both types of inflammation. Our results demonstrate the exceptional potential of the zebrafish as an inflammatory model for studying novel nanotherapeutics that selectively inhibit the neutrophils response, and to identify functional neutrophils subpopulations involved in the inflammation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P García-López
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170124, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carmen G Feijóo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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Elibol B, Aritan Oğur B, Doğru H. Prenatal exposure of diclofenac sodium alters the behavioral development of young Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:305-313. [PMID: 31768103 PMCID: PMC6823911 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1904-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DS), a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, reduces the release of arachidonic acid and formation of prostaglandins. Being a nonsteroid drug that shows antiinflammatory action, the possible side effects of fetal DS administration gain importance in public and medical applications. Herein, the effects of DS administration (1 mg/kg) during gestational days 5–20 were investigated on the performance of Wistar rat pups in a variety of behavioral tasks. Four-week-old pups were subjected to sensory motor tests, a plus maze, an open field, the Morris water maze, and a radial arm maze. Fetal DS disrupted some sensory motor performances, such as visual placing and climbing in both females and males. In the open field, DS females had a higher level of anxiety and male DS pups habituated to the environment slowly compared to controls. The DS pups showed slower rates of learning, whereas no substantial between-group differences were found in the performance of spatial memory compared to both controls. Furthermore, working memory was negatively affected by fetal DS. In conclusion, it was indicated that DS administration during pregnancy had slight behavioral impacts with a delay in learning and a defect in the short-term memory in juvenile rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Elibol
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmiâlem Vakıf University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Begüm Aritan Oğur
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gülhane Medical Hospital, Ankara Turkey
| | - Havva Doğru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara Turkey
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Hassan M, Alshana U. Switchable-hydrophilicity solvent liquid–liquid microextraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from biological fluids prior to HPLC-DAD determination. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:509-517. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hisamuddin N, Shaik Mossadeq WM, Sulaiman MR, Abas F, Leong SW, Kamarudin N, Ong HM, Ahmad Azmi AF, Ayumi RR, Talib M. Anti-Edematogenic and Anti-Granuloma Activity of a Synthetic Curcuminoid Analog, 5-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dien-1-one, in Mouse Models of Inflammation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142614. [PMID: 31323775 PMCID: PMC6680833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, derived from the rhizome Curcuma longa, has been scientifically proven to possess anti-inflammatory activity but is of limited clinical and veterinary use owing to its low bioavailability and poor solubility. Hence, analogs of curcuminoids with improved biological properties have been synthesized to overcome these limitations. This study aims to provide the pharmacological basis for the use of 5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)penta-2,4-dien-1-one (DHHPD), a synthetic curcuminoid analog, as an anti-edematogenic and anti-granuloma agent. The carrageenan-induced paw edema and the cotton pellet-induced granuloma assays were used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of DHHPD in mice. The effects of DHHPD on the histaminergic, serotonergic, and bradykininergic systems were determined by the histamine-, serotonin-, and bradykinin-induced paw edema tests, respectively. DHHPD (0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) evoked significant reductions (p < 0.05) in carrageenan-induced paw edema at different time intervals and granuloma formation (p < 0.0001) by 22.08, 32.57, 37.20, and 49.25%, respectively. Furthermore, DHHPD significantly reduced paw edema (p < 0.05) induced by histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin. The present study suggests that DHHPD exerts anti-edematogenic activity, possibly by inhibiting the synthesis or release of autacoid mediators of inflammation through the histaminergic, serotonergic, and bradykininergic systems. The anti-granuloma effect may be attributed to the suppression of transudative, exudative, and proliferative activities associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hisamuddin
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mastura Shaik Mossadeq
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sze Wei Leong
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nadhirah Kamarudin
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Ming Ong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Farhan Ahmad Azmi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasyidah Ryta Ayumi
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Madihah Talib
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ligand based design and synthesis of pyrazole based derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:583-597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Indole Derivatives as Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Docking Studies. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061250. [PMID: 29882911 PMCID: PMC6100013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-N′-[(E)-(substituted phenyl) methylidene] acetohydrazide derivatives (S1–S18) were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity, ulcerogenic activity, lipid peroxidation, ulcer index and cyclooxygenase expression activities. All the synthesized compounds were in good agreement with spectral and elemental analysis. Three synthesized compounds (S3, S7 and S14) have shown significant anti-inflammatory activity as compared to the reference drug indomethacin. Compound S3 was further tested for ulcerogenic index and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression activity. It was selectively inhibiting COX-2 expression and providing the gastric sparing activity. Docking studies have revealed the potential of these compounds to bind with COX-2 enzyme. Compound S3 formed a hydrogen bond between OH of Tyr 355 and NH2 of Arg 120 with carbonyl group and this hydrogen bond was similar to that formed by indomethacin. This study provides insight for compound S3, as a new lead compound as anti-inflammatory agent and selective COX-2 inhibitor.
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Gulcicek OB, Solmaz A, Yigitbas H, Ercetin C, Yavuz E, Ozdogan K, Biricik A, Akkalp AK, Uzun H, Kutnu M, Celebi F, Celik A. Role of diclofenac sodium and paracetamol on colonic anastomosis: An experimental rodent model. Asian J Surg 2018; 41:264-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Factors Associated With Initiation of Biologics in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis in an Urban Asian City: A PRESPOND Study. J Clin Rheumatol 2018; 25:59-64. [PMID: 29667943 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine if patients' sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and patient-reported outcomes were associated with biologics initiation in patients with axial spondyloarthritis in Singapore. METHODS Data from a dedicated registry from a tertiary referral center in Singapore from January 2011 to July 2016 were used. Initiation of first biologics was the main outcome of interest. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association of various factors on biologics initiation. RESULTS Of 189 eligible patients (aged 37.7 ± 13.3 years; 76.2% were males), 30 (15.9 %) were started on biologics during follow-up. In the multivariable analysis model, age (odds ratio [OR]; 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-0.98; p < 0.01), mental component summary score of Short-Form 36 Health Survey (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.03-0.89; p = 0.04), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; p = 0.02), presence of peptic ulcer disease (OR, 10.4; 95% CI, 2.21-48.8; p < 0.01), and lack of good response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR, 4.44; 95% CI, 1.63-12.1; p < 0.01) were found to be associated with biologics initiation. CONCLUSIONS Age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mental component summary score, comorbidities of peptic ulcer disease, and responsiveness to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were associated with biologics initiation. It is essential that clinicians recognize these factors in order to optimize therapy.
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Shi J, Xu M, Tang Q, Zhao K, Deng A, Li J. Highly sensitive determination of diclofenac based on resin beads and a novel polyclonal antibody by using flow injection chemiluminescence competitive immunoassay. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 191:1-7. [PMID: 28965083 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for simple, sensitive and low-cost detection of diclofenac was established based on specific binding of antigen and antibody. Carboxylic resin beads used as solid phase carrier materials provided good biocompatibility and large surface-to-volume ratio for modifying more coating antigen. There was a competitive process between the diclofenac in solution and the immobilized coating antigen to react with the limited binding sites of the polyclonal antibody to form the immunocomplex. The second antibody labelled with horseradish peroxidase was introduced into the immunosensor and trapped by captured polyclonal antibody against diclofenac, which could effectively amplify chemiluminescence signals of luminol-PIP-H2O2. Under optimal conditions, the diclofenac could be detected quantitatively. The chemiluminescence intensity decreased linearly with the logarithm of the diclofenac concentration in the range of 0.1-100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.05ngmL-1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity, specificity and acceptable stability. This easy-operated and cost-effective analytical method could be valuable for the diclofenac determination in real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mingxia Xu
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qinghui Tang
- Suzhou Industrial Park QingYuan Hong Kong & China Water Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Ranjbarnejad T, Saidijam M, Moradkhani S, Najafi R. Methanolic extract of Boswellia serrata exhibits anti-cancer activities by targeting microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in human colon cancer cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 131:1-8. [PMID: 28549801 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer. A proper method to reduce mortality of CRC is chemoprevention to prevent initiation and promotion of intestinal tumorgenesis. One of the promising and developing chemopreventive agents is natural compounds found in plants. Frankincense, the resin extract from the Boswellia specious, has been used in traditional and modern medicine for treating various diseases with very minimal side effects. In the current study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of methanolic extract of Boswellia serrata (B. serrata) on HT-29 human colon cancer cells. METHODS HT-29 cells were treated with different concentrations of B. serrata and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. mRNA expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Apoptosis was evaluated by the proportion of sub-G1 cells. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level and caspase 3 activity were determined by ELISA assay. Tube formation potential and HT-29 cells migration were assessed using three-dimensional vessel formation assay and scratch test. RESULTS B. serrata extract considerably decreased the expression of mPGES-1, VEGF, CXCR4, MMP-2, MMP-9 and HIF-1. The caspase 3 activity and percent of cells in sub-G1 phase were increased by B. serrata extract. Cell viability, PGE2 generation, in vitro tube formation and cell migration were decreased significantly in B. serrata-treated HT-29 compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that B. serrata extract inhibits proliferation, angiogenesis and migration and induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells by inhibiting of mPGES-1 and decreasing the PGE2 level and its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shirin Moradkhani
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Depatment of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Prenatal exposure to low-dose diclofenac sodium does not affect total neuron numbers in spinal segment T13 in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 87:49-53. [PMID: 28495518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of diclofenac sodium (DS) on the total number of neurons in segment T13 of the spinal cord of offspring of pregnant rats using stereological methods. Eighteen adult female Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200g were used. Pregnant female rats were divided into three groups; a control group, a sham group and a DS (1mg/kg, intramuscular) exposed group. The DS and sham groups received injection from the 5th day of gestation to the 19th. Twenty eight days after birth, the offspring rats were perfused with 4% buffered formalin. T13, which is one of transverse spinal cord segments, were isolated and processed for routine paraffin histology. 5μm sections were obtained using a rotary microtome according to systematic random sampling strategies. Every 40th section was taken and sections were stained with modified Giemsa. All types of motor neuron cell were identified according to their morphology. In this study, the "disector-Cavalieri combination" method was used in the stereological examination of neurons. The motor neurons were counted in the right gray matter of the ventral horn in the spinal cord segment. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison the groups. In terms of motoneuron number, no significant difference among the groups was found (p>0.05). In conclusion, our results indicated that prenatal exposure to DS has no effect on the total number of motor neuron of the offspring rats.
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Ilexgenin A, a novel pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from Aquifoliaceae shows reduction of LPS-induced peritonitis in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 797:94-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Demirkaya K, Akgün ÖM, Şenel B, Öncel Torun Z, Seyrek M, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M, Doğrul A. Selective 5-HT7 receptor agonists LP 44 and LP 211 elicit an analgesic effect on formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:218-22. [PMID: 27383702 PMCID: PMC5022221 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recently identified serotonin (5-HT) receptor is the 5-HT7 receptor. The antinociceptive effects of a 5-HT7 receptor agonist have been shown in neuropathic and inflammatory animal models of pain. A recent study demonstrated the functional expression of 5-HT7 receptors in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis, which receives and processes orofacial nociceptive inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriye Demirkaya
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Martı Akgün
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buğra Şenel
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Öncel Torun
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melik Seyrek
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pharmacology and Pain Research Centre, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Enza Lacivita
- - Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Bari, Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- - Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Bari, Italy
| | - Ahmet Doğrul
- - Gulhane Medical Academy, Department of Pharmacology and Pain Research Centre, Ankara, Turkey
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Micallef D, Micallef S, Schembri-Wismayer P, Calleja-Agius J. Novel applications of COX-2 inhibitors, metformin, and statins for the primary chemoprevention of breast cancer. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2016; 17:214-223. [PMID: 27990091 DOI: 10.5152/jtgga.2016.15200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that commonly prescribed drugs, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), metformin, and statins, may have beneficial roles in the primary chemoprevention of breast cancer. Therefore, these drugs could potentially be used in addition to the hormonal drugs currently used for this purpose (namely, selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors) due to their alternative mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Micallef
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, Malta
| | - Sarah Micallef
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, Malta
| | - Pierre Schembri-Wismayer
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, Malta
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Tal-Qroqq, Msida, Malta
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