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Pérez-Prieto I, Plaza-Florido A, Ubago-Guisado E, Ortega FB, Altmäe S. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and microbiome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00227-5. [PMID: 39048485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on human health are well known, however, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Growing evidence points to physical activity as an important modulator of the composition and function of microbial communities, while evidence of sedentary behavior is scarce. We aimed to synthesize and meta-analyze the current evidence about the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on microbiome across different body sites and in different populations. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases was conducted until September 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses including cross-sectional studies (active vs. inactive/athletes vs. non-athletes) or trials reporting the chronic effect of physical activity interventions on gut microbiome alpha-diversity in healthy individuals were performed. RESULTS Ninety-one studies were included in this systematic review. Our meta-analyses of 2632 participants indicated no consistent effect of physical activity on microbial alpha-diversity, although there seems to be a trend toward a higher microbial richness in athletes compared to non-athletes. Most of studies reported an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Veillonella or Roseburia in active individuals and after physical activity interventions. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity levels were positively associated with the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. Athletes seem to have a richer microbiome compared to non-athletes. However, high heterogeneity between studies avoids obtaining conclusive information on the role of physical activity in microbial composition. Future multi-omics studies would enhance our understanding of the molecular effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain.
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain; Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, UC Irvine School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Esther Ubago-Guisado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Zhang X, Li PH, Wang D, Li H, Kong X, Zhang G, Zhao Y, Liu J, Wu W, Zhang Y, Li ZH, Luo H. Causal effect of gut microbiota of Defluviitaleaceae on the clinical pathway of "Influenza-Subacute Thyroiditis-Hypothyroidism". Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1354989. [PMID: 38476943 PMCID: PMC10929266 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1354989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypothyroidism has been found to be influenced by gut microbiota. However, it remains unclear which a taxon of gut microbiota plays a key role in this function. Identifying the key bacteria affects hypothyroidism and through what mechanism will be helpful for the prevention of hypothyroidism through specific clinical pathways. Materials and methods In Study A, 35 families and 130 genera of gut microbiota are used as exposures, with hypothyroidism as the outcome. The causal effect of the gut microbiota on hypothyroidism is estimated through two-sample Mendelian randomization. Combining the results of the two taxonomical levels, key taxa are selected, which in Study B are investigated for their causal association with multiple generally admitted causes of hypothyroidism and their more upstream factors. For validating and revealing the potential mechanism, enrichment analyses of the related genes and interacting transcription factors were performed. Results In Study A, Defluviitaleaceae (OR: 0.043, 95% CI: 0.005-0.363, P = 0.018)/Defluviitaleaceae_UCG_011 (OR: 0.385, 95% CI: 0.172-0.865, P = 0.021) are significantly causally associated with hypothyroidism at both taxonomical levels. In Study B, Defluviitaleaceae family and Defluviitaleaceae_UCG_011 genus show the causal association with decreased thyroiditis (Family: OR: 0.174, 95% CI: 0.046-0.653, P = 0.029; Genus: OR: 0.139, 95% CI: 0.029-0.664, P = 0.043), decreased subacute thyroiditis (Family: OR: 0.028, 95% CI: 0.004-0.213, P = 0.007; Genus: OR: 0.018, 95% CI: 0.002-0.194, P = 0.013), decreased influenza (Family: OR: 0.818, 95% CI: 0.676-0.989, P = 0.038; Genus: OR: 0.792, 95% CI: 0.644-0.974, P = 0.027), and increased anti-influenza H3N2 IgG levels (Family: OR: 1.934, 95% CI: 1.123-3.332, P = 0.017; Genus: OR: 1.675, 95% CI: 0.953-2.943, P = 0.073). The results of the enrichment analysis are consistent with the findings and the suggested possible mechanisms. Conclusion Defluviitaleaceae of the gut microbiota displays the probability of causally inhibiting the clinical pathway of "Influenza-Subacute Thyroiditis-Hypothyroidism" and acts as the potential probiotics to prevent influenza, subacute thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei-Heng Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongyue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hancong Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gongshuang Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenshuang Wu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Luo
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Cullen JMA, Shahzad S, Dhillon J. A systematic review on the effects of exercise on gut microbial diversity, taxonomic composition, and microbial metabolites: identifying research gaps and future directions. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1292673. [PMID: 38187136 PMCID: PMC10770260 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1292673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome, hosting a diverse microbial community, plays a pivotal role in metabolism, immunity, and digestion. While the potential of exercise to influence this microbiome has been increasingly recognized, findings remain incongruous. This systematic review examined the effects of exercise on the gut microbiome of human and animal models. Databases (i.e., PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched up to June 2022. Thirty-two exercise studies, i.e., 19 human studies, and 13 animal studies with a minimum of two groups that discussed microbiome outcomes, such as diversity, taxonomic composition, or microbial metabolites, over the intervention period, were included in the systematic review (PROSPERO registration numbers for human review: CRD42023394223). Results indicated that over 50% of studies found no significant exercise effect on human microbial diversity. When evident, exercise often augmented the Shannon index, reflecting enhanced microbial richness and evenness, irrespective of disease status. Changes in beta-diversity metrics were also documented with exercise but without clear directionality. A larger percentage of animal studies demonstrated shifts in diversity compared to human studies, but without any distinct patterns, mainly due to the varied effects of predominantly aerobic exercise on diversity metrics. In terms of taxonomic composition, in humans, exercise usually led to a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and consistent increases with Bacteroides and Roseburia genera. In animal models, Coprococcus, another short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producer, consistently rose with exercise. Generally, SCFA producers were found to increase with exercise in animal models. With regard to metabolites, SCFAs emerged as the most frequently measured metabolite. However, due to limited human and animal studies examining exercise effects on microbial-produced metabolites, including SCFAs, clear patterns did not emerge. The overall risk of bias was deemed neutral. In conclusion, this comprehensive systematic review underscores that exercise can potentially impact the gut microbiome with indications of changes in taxonomic composition. The significant variability in study designs and intervention protocols demands more standardized methodologies and robust statistical models. A nuanced understanding of the exercise-microbiome relationship could guide individualized exercise programs to optimize health. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=394223, identifier CRD42023394223.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M A Cullen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shahim Shahzad
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jaapna Dhillon
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Wang C, Wu L, Zhou R, Song C, Chen P, Huang S, Ali Khan A, Lu D, Hu Y, Chen L. Integration of microbiota and metabolomics reveals the analgesic mechanisms of emodin against neuropathic pain. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111170. [PMID: 37944218 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neuropathic pain (NeP) induced dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats. Emodin has analgesic effect but the detailed mechanism is not clear at the present time. This study aims to explore the underling mechanism of action of emodin against NeP with in CCI model. METHODS Male SD rats (180-220 g) were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, CCI group, and emodin group. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of emodin on CCI model. Feces and spinal cords of all rats were collected 15 days after surgery. 16S rDNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, qPCR and ELISA were performed. RESULTS Mechanical withdrawal thresholds (MWT), thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and Sciatic functional index (SFI) in emodin group were significantly higher than CCI group (P < 0.05). Emodin not only inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cords and colonic tissue, but also increased the expression of tight junction protein in colonic tissue. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that emodin treatment changed the community structure of intestinal microbiota in CCI rats. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that 33 differential metabolites were screened out between CCI group and emodin group. After verification, we found that emodin increased the level of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and Histamine in the spinal cord of CCI rats. CONCLUSION Emodin was effective in relieving neuropathic pain, which is linked to inhibition inflammatory response, increasing the proportion of beneficial bacteria and beneficial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runjin Zhou
- Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiwen Song
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Basic Medical School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ahsan Ali Khan
- Section of Neurosurgery, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Deng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Pingnan, Pingnan, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Hart NH, Wallen MP, Farley MJ, Haywood D, Boytar AN, Secombe K, Joseph R, Chan RJ, Kenkhuis MF, Buffart LM, Skinner TL, Wardill HR. Exercise and the gut microbiome: implications for supportive care in cancer. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:724. [PMID: 38012463 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08183-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing recognition of the gut microbiome as an influential modulator of cancer treatment efficacy and toxicity has led to the emergence of clinical interventions targeting the microbiome to enhance cancer and health outcomes. The highly modifiable nature of microbiota to endogenous, exogenous, and environmental inputs enables interventions to promote resilience of the gut microbiome that have rapid effects on host health, or response to cancer treatment. While diet, probiotics, and faecal microbiota transplant are primary avenues of therapy focused on restoring or protecting gut function in people undergoing cancer treatment, the role of physical activity and exercise has scarcely been examined in this population. METHODS A narrative review was conducted to explore the nexus between cancer care and the gut microbiome in the context of physical activity and exercise as a widely available and clinically effective supportive care strategy used by cancer survivors. RESULTS Exercise can facilitate a more diverse gut microbiome and functional metabolome in humans; however, most physical activity and exercise studies have been conducted in healthy or athletic populations, primarily using aerobic exercise modalities. A scarcity of exercise and microbiome studies in cancer exists. CONCLUSIONS Exercise remains an attractive avenue to promote microbiome health in cancer survivors. Future research should elucidate the various influences of exercise modalities, intensities, frequencies, durations, and volumes to explore dose-response relationships between exercise and the gut microbiome among cancer survivors, as well as multifaceted approaches (such as diet and probiotics), and examine the influences of exercise on the gut microbiome and associated symptom burden prior to, during, and following cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas H Hart
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, 2030, Australia.
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.
| | - Matthew P Wallen
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Morgan J Farley
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, 2030, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Darren Haywood
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, 2030, Australia
- Mental Health Division, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander N Boytar
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate Secombe
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ria Joseph
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Raymond J Chan
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marlou-Floor Kenkhuis
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurien M Buffart
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tina L Skinner
- Human Performance Research Centre, INSIGHT Research Institute, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, NSW, 2030, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Hannah R Wardill
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Supportive Oncology Research Group, Precision Cancer Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Van Pee T, Nawrot TS, van Leeuwen R, Hogervorst J. The Gut Microbiome and Residential Surrounding Greenness: a Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023:10.1007/s40572-023-00398-4. [PMID: 37296363 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A healthy indigenous intestinal microbiome is essential for human health. Well-established gut microbiome determinants only explain 16% of the inter-individual variation in gut microbiome composition. Recent studies have focused on green space as a potential determinant of the intestinal microbiome. We systematically summarize all evidence concerning the association between green space and intestinal bacterial diversity, evenness, and richness indices, specific bacterial taxa, and potential underlying mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Seven epidemiological studies were included in this review. The majority of the included studies (n = 4) reported a positive association between green space and intestinal bacterial diversity, evenness, and richness, while two reported the opposite. There was little overlap between the publications regarding the association between green space and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Only a decrease in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Anaerostipes and an increase in Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae were reported in multiple studies, predominantly suggesting that green space is positively associated with the intestinal microbiome composition, and subsequently with human health. Lastly, the only examined mechanism was a reduction in perceived psychosocial stress. Mechanisms indicated in blue and white represent tested or hypothesized mechanisms, respectively. The graphical abstract was created with illustrations from BioRender, Noun Project, and Pngtree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thessa Van Pee
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Herestraat 49-Box 706, 3000, Louvain, Belgium.
| | - Romy van Leeuwen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Deng R, Wang M, Song Y, Shi Y. A Bibliometric Analysis on the Research Trend of Exercise and the Gut Microbiome. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040903. [PMID: 37110325 PMCID: PMC10141121 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to provide an overview of research hotspots and trends in exercise and the gut microbiome, a field which has recently gained increasing attention. The relevant publications on exercise and the gut microbiome were identified from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The publication types were limited to articles and reviews. VOSviewer 1.6.18 (Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands) and the R package "bibliometrix" (R Foundation: Vienna, Austria) were used to conduct a bibliometric analysis. A total of 327 eligible publications were eventually identified, including 245 original articles and 82 reviews. A time trend analysis showed that the number of publications rapidly increased after 2014. The leading countries/regions in this field were the USA, China, and Europe. Most of the active institutions were from Europe and the USA. Keyword analysis showed that the relationship between disease, the gut microbiome, and exercise occurs throughout the development of this field of research. The interactions between the gut microbiota, exercise, status of the host's internal environment, and probiotics, are important facets as well. The research topic evolution presents a trend of multidisciplinary and multi-perspective comprehensive analysis. Exercise might become an effective intervention for disease treatment by regulating the gut microbiome. The innovation of exercise-centered lifestyle intervention therapy may become a significant trend in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Deng
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mopei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yahan Song
- Library, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Boytar AN, Skinner TL, Wallen RE, Jenkins DG, Dekker Nitert M. The Effect of Exercise Prescription on the Human Gut Microbiota and Comparison between Clinical and Apparently Healthy Populations: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061534. [PMID: 36986264 PMCID: PMC10054511 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study systematically reviewed all human longitudinal exercise interventions that reported changes in the gut microbiota; frequency, intensity, duration and type of exercise were assessed to determine the influence of these variables on changes to the gut microbiota in both healthy individuals and clinical populations (PROPERO registration: CRD42022309854). Using PRISMA guidelines, trials analysing gut microbiota change with exercise interventions were included independent of trial randomisation, population, trial duration or analysis technique. Studies were excluded when microbiota abundance was not reported or when exercise was combined with other interventions. Twenty-eight trials were included, of which twelve involved healthy populations only and sixteen involved mixed or clinical-only populations. The findings show that participation in exercise of moderate to high-intensity for 30-90 min ≥3 times per week (or between 150-270 min per week) for ≥8 weeks is likely to produce changes in the gut microbiota. Exercise appears to be effective in modifying the gut microbiota in both clinical and healthy populations. A more robust methodology is needed in future studies to improve the certainty of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Boytar
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tina L Skinner
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ruby E Wallen
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David G Jenkins
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
- Applied Sports Science Technology and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Wales SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Marloes Dekker Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Van Pee T, Hogervorst J, Dockx Y, Witters K, Thijs S, Wang C, Bongaerts E, Van Hamme JD, Vangronsveld J, Ameloot M, Raes J, Nawrot TS. Accumulation of Black Carbon Particles in Placenta, Cord Blood, and Childhood Urine in Association with the Intestinal Microbiome Diversity and Composition in Four- to Six-Year-Old Children in the ENVIR ONAGE Birth Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:17010. [PMID: 36719212 PMCID: PMC9888258 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome plays an essential role in human health. Despite the link between air pollution exposure and various diseases, its association with the gut microbiome during susceptible life periods remains scarce. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined the association between black carbon particles quantified in prenatal and postnatal biological matrices and bacterial richness and diversity measures, and bacterial families. METHODS A total of 85 stool samples were collected from 4- to 6-y-old children enrolled in the ENVIRonmental influence ON early AGEing birth cohort. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to calculate bacterial richness and diversity indices (Chao1 richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson diversity) and the relative abundance of bacterial families. Black carbon particles were quantified via white light generation under femtosecond pulsed laser illumination in placental tissue and cord blood, employed as prenatal exposure biomarkers, and in urine, used as a post-natal exposure biomarker. We used robust multivariable-adjusted linear models to examine the associations between quantified black carbon loads and measures of richness (Chao1 index) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices), adjusting for parity, season of delivery, sequencing batch, age, sex, weight and height of the child, and maternal education. Additionally, we performed a differential relative abundance analysis of bacterial families with a correction for sampling fraction bias. Results are expressed as percentage difference for a doubling in black carbon loads with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Two diversity indices were negatively associated with placental black carbon [Shannon: -4.38% (95% CI: -8.31%, -0.28%); Simpson: -0.90% (95% CI: -1.76%, -0.04%)], cord blood black carbon [Shannon: -3.38% (95% CI: -5.66%, -0.84%); Simpson: -0.91 (95% CI: -1.66%, -0.16%)], and urinary black carbon [Shannon: -3.39% (95% CI: -5.77%, -0.94%); Simpson: -0.89% (95% CI: -1.37%, -0.40%)]. The explained variance of black carbon on the above indices varied from 6.1% to 16.6%. No statistically significant associations were found between black carbon load and the Chao1 richness index. After multiple testing correction, placental black carbon was negatively associated with relative abundance of the bacterial families Defluviitaleaceae and Marinifilaceae, and urinary black carbon with Christensenellaceae and Coriobacteriaceae; associations with cord blood black carbon were not statistically significant after correction. CONCLUSION Black carbon particles quantified in prenatal and postnatal biological matrices were associated with the composition and diversity of the childhood intestinal microbiome. These findings address the influential role of exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and early life in human health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thessa Van Pee
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Katrien Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D Van Hamme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Instituut, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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See JRC, Amos D, Wright J, Lamendella R, Santanam N. Synergistic effects of exercise and catalase overexpression on gut microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4220-4235. [PMID: 34270161 PMCID: PMC8761204 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exercise influences metabolic parameters in part by modulating redox stress and as recently suggested, by affecting the gut microbiome. However, whether excess endogenous antioxidant potentiates or interferes with the beneficial effects of exercise on the gut microbiome is not known. A comparison of the gut microbiome of C57Bl6 (C57/WT) mice to the 'stress-less' catalase overexpressing mice models ([Tg(CAT)± ] and Bob-Cat), that were either exercised or remained sedentary, showed differences in both alpha and beta diversity. The significant variation was explained by genotypes along with exercise, suggesting a synergistic relationship between exercise and genotypic traits. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis also revealed differential taxa within the exercised/genotype cohorts in contrast to those within sedentary/genotype cohorts. Functional pathway predictions from PICRUSt2 showed enrichment for the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids, butanoate and propanoate pathways in exercised groups. Spearman correlations between enriched taxa and metabolic parameters showed correlations with body or fat weight in some of the cohorts. However, there were significant correlations of differential taxa among all cohorts against parameters that predict energy metabolism, such as respiratory exchange ratio and energy expenditure. Overall, our study showed that there was a synergistic beneficial influence of antioxidant overexpression and exercise on the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Amos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School
of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Justin Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Juniata College,
Huntingdon, PA
| | | | - Nalini Santanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School
of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
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11
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Dowd AJ, Tang KTY, Chen MY, Jung ME, Mosewich A, Welstead L, Culos-Reed SN. Improvements in self-compassion after an online program for adults with celiac disease: Findings from the POWER-C study. SELF AND IDENTITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2074091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Justine Dowd
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen T. Y. Tang
- Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michelle Y. Chen
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary E. Jung
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia at Okanagan,Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amber Mosewich
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lori Welstead
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - S. Nicole Culos-Reed
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Bielik V, Hric I, Ugrayová S, Kubáňová L, Putala M, Grznár Ľ, Penesová A, Havranová A, Šardzíková S, Grendar M, Baranovičová E, Šoltys K, Kolisek M. Effect of High-intensity Training and Probiotics on Gut Microbiota Diversity in Competitive Swimmers: Randomized Controlled Trial. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:64. [PMID: 35536489 PMCID: PMC9091066 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise has favorable effects on the structure of gut microbiota and metabolite production in sedentary subjects. However, little is known whether adjustments in an athletic program impact overall changes of gut microbiome in high-level athletes. We therefore characterized fecal microbiota and serum metabolites in response to a 7-week, high-intensity training program and consumption of probiotic Bryndza cheese. METHODS Fecal and blood samples and training logs were collected from young competitive male (n = 17) and female (n = 7) swimmers. Fecal microbiota were categorized using specific primers targeting the V1-V3 region of 16S rDNA, and serum metabolites were characterized by NMR-spectroscopic analysis and by multivariate statistical analysis, Spearman rank correlations, and Random Forest models. RESULTS We found higher α-diversity, represented by the Shannon index value (HITB-pre 5.9 [± 0.4]; HITB-post 6.4 [± 0.4], p = 0.007), (HIT-pre 5.5 [± 0.6]; HIT-post 5.9 [± 0.6], p = 0.015), after the end of the training program in both groups independently of Bryndza cheese consumption. However, Lactococcus spp. increased in both groups, with a higher effect in the Bryndza cheese consumers (HITB-pre 0.0021 [± 0.0055]; HITB-post 0.0268 [± 0.0542], p = 0.008), (HIT-pre 0.0014 [± 0.0036]; HIT-post 0.0068 [± 0.0095], p = 0.046). Concomitant with the increase of high-intensity exercise and the resulting increase of anaerobic metabolism proportion, pyruvate (p[HITB] = 0.003; p[HIT] = 0.000) and lactate (p[HITB] = 0.000; p[HIT] = 0.030) increased, whereas acetate (p[HITB] = 0.000; p[HIT] = 0.002) and butyrate (p[HITB] = 0.091; p[HIT] = 0.019) significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data demonstrate a significant effect of high-intensity training (HIT) on both gut microbiota composition and serum energy metabolites. Thus, the combination of intensive athletic training with the use of natural probiotics is beneficial because of the increase in the relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria.
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Grants
- 1/0554/19 The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic
- 1/0129/20 The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic
- 1/0260/21 The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic
- APVV-17-0099 Agentúra Ministerstva Školstva, Vedy, Výskumu a Športu SR
- APVV-19-0222 Agentúra Ministerstva Školstva, Vedy, Výskumu a Športu SR
- The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Bielik
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ivan Hric
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simona Ugrayová
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Libuša Kubáňová
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matúš Putala
- Department of Outdoor Sports and Swimming, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľuboš Grznár
- Department of Outdoor Sports and Swimming, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adela Penesová
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Havranová
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sára Šardzíková
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marián Grendar
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Eva Baranovičová
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Šoltys
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University in Bratislava, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia
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13
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Dowd AJ, Kronlund L, Warbeck C, Parmar C, Daun JT, Wytsma-Fisher K, Reimer RA, Millet G, Fung T, Culos-Reed SN. Effects of a 12-week HIIT + group mediated cognitive behavioural intervention on quality of life among inactive adults with coeliac disease: findings from the pilot MOVE-C study. Psychol Health 2021; 37:440-456. [PMID: 34038293 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1921774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the pilot MOVE-C study was to examine the effects of a 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) plus lifestyle education program on quality of life (QoL), behavioural and psychosocial outcomes among inactive adults with coeliac disease. DESIGN This study used a 3 (time: baseline, immediately post and three months post) × 2 (group: experimental versus waitlist control) mixed design. After completing baseline testing, 41 participants were randomised to one of two groups: HIIT + or waitlist control (WLC). The HIIT + intervention involved twice-weekly HIIT, during which participants progressed to 14 × 30 s intervals (90% heart rate max; HRmax), with 2-minute recovery (50% HRmax). The HIIT + intervention also included six bi-weekly education sessions. RESULTS Participants in HIIT + reported significant improvements in QoL and exercise behaviour immediately post-intervention, and this was sustained three months post-intervention, whereas no changes in QoL nor exercise behaviour were reported in WLC. Improvements were also reported among HIIT + immediately after the intervention for gastrointestinal symptoms and self-compassion. All participants reported significant improvements in adherence to a GFD immediately post-intervention. CONCLUSION Findings from this pilot study provide preliminary evidence that a tailored exercise and lifestyle intervention can lead to improved QoL, exercise behaviour, gastrointestinal symptoms and self-compassion among inactive adults with coeliac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Justine Dowd
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Liam Kronlund
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cassandra Warbeck
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Julia T Daun
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Raylene A Reimer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Guillaume Millet
- Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, University Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, Inter-University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Tak Fung
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Nicole Culos-Reed
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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