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Wu S. Dietary Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ameliorates the growth performance and innate immunity of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:877-881. [PMID: 32027906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (AMP) on the growth and innate immunity of crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Crucian carps were randomly divided into a control group (fed with basal diet) and three AMP groups (received basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg AMP). After 60 days of culture, the crucian carps from each group were weighed, and their immune indexes were measured. Another batch crucian carps from each group was injected with 0.15 ml of 107 CFU/ml Aeromonas hydrophila. The body weight gain, feed conversion rate, specific growth rate and digestive enzyme activity of the crucian carps in the low and middle doses of AMP groups were higher than those in the control group. The AMP groups had significantly higher survival rate and alkaline phosphatase level but lower glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-alanine transaminase and serum bacteria number compared with the control group. The optimal dose of dietary AMP required for the maximum growth of crucian carp was 100 mg/kg. These results showed that AMP could promote the growth of crucian carps, improve their disease resistance and thus may be developed as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou 222005, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou 222005, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou 222005, China.
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Wu S. Effect of dietary Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide on the growth performance and immunity of juvenile broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3489-3493. [PMID: 29897509 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (AMP) supplementation on the growth performance and immunity of juvenile broilers. High-performance liquid chromatography spectrum and sugar composition analysis indicated that AMP is a heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 11,078 Da and consists of glucose, galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose. Four diets supplemented with four different levels of AMP (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g kg-1) were formulated and tested for their effects on the growth performance and immunity of juvenile broilers. After 6 wk of feeding, the juvenile broilers fed with AMP-containing diets exhibited higher body weight gains; the activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease), superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase; and serum IgG, IgM, and IgA levels; and lower malondialdehyde level than the control. However, excessive AMP dose (>1 g kg-1) could not improve its efficiency further. Results indicate that dietary administration of AMP can improve the growth performance and immune responses of juvenile broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environment, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, 222005, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, 222005, China.,Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Haizhou, 222005, China
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Tang JF, Li WX, Zhang F, Li YH, Cao YJ, Zhao Y, Li XL, Ma ZJ. Discrimination of Radix Polygoni Multiflori from different geographical areas by UPLC-QTOF/MS combined with chemometrics. Chin Med 2017; 12:34. [PMID: 29234461 PMCID: PMC5721361 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-017-0155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM, Heshouwu in Chinese) from different geographical origins were used in clinic. In order to characterize the chemical profiles of different geographical origins of RPM samples, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) combined with chemometrics (partial least squared discriminant analysis, PLS‑DA) method was applied in the present study. Methods The chromatography, chemical composition and MS information of RPM samples from 18 geographical origins were acquired and profiled by UPLC-QTOF/MS. The chemical markers contributing the differentiation of RPM samples were observed and characterized by supervised PLS‑DA method of chemometrics. Results The chemical composition differences of RPM samples derived from 18 different geographical origins were observed. Nine chemical markers were tentatively identified which could be used as specific chemical markers for the differentiation of geographical RPM samples. Conclusions UPLC-QTOF/MS method coupled with chemometrics analysis has potential to be used for discriminating different geographical TCMs. Results will help to develop strategies for conservation and utilization of RPM samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13020-017-0155-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fa Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xia Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jie Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jie Ma
- Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yongan Road, Xuanwu District, Beijing, 100050 China
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Ho TT, Lee JD, Jeong CS, Paek KY, Park SY. Improvement of biosynthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds by elicitation in adventitious root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:199-209. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Anti-inflammatory effects of trans -2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene 2- O - β -glucopyranoside (THSG) from Polygonum multiflorum (PM) and hypoglycemic effect of cis -THSG enriched PM extract. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Wang XH, Li GP, Yang WS, Jiao ZQ, Liu HM, Ni YP. Cardioprotective effects of traditional Chinese medicine Guanmaitong on acute myocardial infarction. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3927-3933. [PMID: 28105124 PMCID: PMC5228390 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanmaitong (GMT) is a traditional Chinese herbal compound that has been used for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) and other cardiovascular diseases. However, the efficacy of GMT in treating cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective mechanisms and identify the targeted proteins and signaling networks associated with the physiological activity of GMT in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into five groups: Control group (sham-operated), the model group, and small, medium, and large dosage GMT groups. The rat model of AMI was established via ligation of the coronary artery. The results indicate that GMT was able to reduce myocardial infarction size and improve the activities of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin-1. Furthermore, the reduced apoptotic index of the GMT-treated cardiocytes (P<0.05 vs. model group) was in accordance with the downregulated expression of Bax and the upregulated expression of Bcl-2. In conclusion, GMT may exert a protective potential against myocardial infarction injury by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation of cardiomyocytes, and may offer a promising adjunct treatment for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Song Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Quan Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ping Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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Kondeva-Burdina M, Simeonova R, Krasteva I, Benbassat N. Protective Effects of Extract fromAstragalus Glycyphylloideson Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2013.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Dietary safety of cycloastragenol from Astragalus spp.: Subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 64:322-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Liu DS, Zhou YH, Liang ES, Li W, Lin WW, Chen FF, Gao W. Neuroprotective effects of the Chinese Yi-Qi-Bu-Shen recipe extract on injury of rat hippocampal neurons induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:168-174. [PMID: 23127652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effects of the Chinese Yi-Qi-Bu-Shen recipe (YB) against neuronal injury induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation, which has shown beneficial effect in improving the brain function of type 2 diabetics likely through its antihyperglycemic, antioxidant activity, and investigate its mechanisms. METHODS The bilateral hippocampus was collected from newborn rats to establish single cell suspension. On the 10th day, the primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were randomly divided into five groups: the normal group (NG), the hypoxia/reoxygenation group (HG), and groups protected with small, medium and large dosages of YB (SG, MG and LG, respectively). The YB-protected groups were treated with different concentrations of YB containing serum before reoxygenation. The metabolic rate of MTT, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured with assay kits. The apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons were tested using flow cytometry analysis. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expressions of bcl-2 and bax genes. RESULTS The SOD activity, the cell survival rate, the bcl-2/bax ratio, and the bcl-2mRNA expression in the HG group were significantly lower (all P<0.01), but the levels of MDA and LDH, the apoptosis rate, and the bax mRNA expression were higher (all P<0.01) than those in the NG group. The SOD activity, the cell survival, the bcl-2mRNA expression, and the bcl-2/bax ratio were significantly higher in all of the YB-protected groups (all P<0.01), but the level of MDA and LDH, the apoptosis rate, and the bax mRNA expression were lower (P<0.01, P<0.05) than those in the HG group in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION The YB extract has a protective effect on hippocampal neurons against injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation, through its antioxidant activity and the regulation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-shan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Hong MJ, Ko EB, Park SK, Chang MS. Inhibitory effect of Astragalus membranaceus root on matrix metalloproteinase-1 collagenase expression and procollagen destruction in ultraviolet B-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts by suppressing nuclear factor kappa-B activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:142-8. [PMID: 23215697 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01570.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The root of Astragalus membranaceus, regarded as a tonic in traditional Korean medicine, has been prescribed for long periods to treat chronic illness by boosting the immune system. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes damage to skin connective tissue by degrading collagen, which is a major structural component of the extracellular matrix. Such damage is considered to be a cause of the wrinkling observed in premature ageing of the skin. This study has investigated the photo-protective effect of A. membranaceus on UVB radiation-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity in human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS HS68 fibroblast cells cultured with various concentrations of A. membranaceus were exposed to UVB (40 mJ/cm²). Activation of NF-κB P65 and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and type 1 procollagen were measured by Western blotting. Translocation of NF-κB P65 and MMP-1 regulation were also examined by immunocytochemistry. KEY FINDINGS Western blotting and immunocytochemistry results showed that A. membranaceus inhibited UVB-induced translocation of NF-κB P65 and MMP-1 expression. The data suggested that A. membranaceus restored type 1 procollagen synthesis by inhibiting NF-κB P65 activity and MMP-1 expression in UVB-exposed human dermal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION A. membranaceus is a candidate for use in skin protection from UVB-induced skin inflammation and photoageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Hong
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Zhong R, Yu M, Liu H, Sun H, Cao Y, Zhou D. Effects of dietary Astragalus polysaccharide and Astragalus membranaceus root supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation, immune responses, and antioxidant status of lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mitochondrial protection and anti-aging activity of Astragalus polysaccharides and their potential mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:1747-1761. [PMID: 22408421 PMCID: PMC3291990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13021747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was performed to investigate mitochondrial protection and anti-aging activity of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and the potential underlying mechanism. Lipid peroxidation of liver and brain mitochondria was induced by Fe2+–Vit C in vitro. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) colorimetry was used to measure the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Mouse liver mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) was induced by calcium overload in vitro and spectrophotometry was used to measure it. The scavenging activities of APS on superoxide anion (O2•−) and hydroxyl radical (•OH), which were produced by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)—N-Methylphenazonium methyl sulfate (PMS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)–Fe2+ system respectively, were measured by 4-nitrobluetetrazolium chloride (NBT) reduction and Fenton reaction colorimetry respectively. The Na2S2O3 titration method was used to measure the scavenging activities of APS on H2O2. APS could inhibit TBARS production, protect mitochondria from PT, and scavenge O2•−, •OH and H2O2 significantly in a concentration-dependent manner respectively. The back of the neck of mice was injected subcutaneously with D-galactose to induce aging at a dose of 100 mg/kg/d for seven weeks. Moreover, the activities of catalase (CAT), surperoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and anti-hydroxyl radical which were assayed by using commercial monitoring kits were increased significantly in vivo by APS. According to this research, APS protects mitochondria by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting mitochondrial PT and increasing the activities of antioxidases. Therefore, APS has the effect of promoting health.
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Liu LP, Liao ZP, Yin D, Li WD, Liu D, Li Q, Huang QR, Yang YF, He M. The protective effects of Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside preconditioning in an ischemia/reperfusion model of HUVECs. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:405-12. [PMID: 20228828 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the protective effects of preconditioning human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside (PMS) under anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R), and the mechanism of protection. METHODS Prior to A/R, HUVECs were incubated with PMS (0.6 x 10(-11), 1.2 x 10(-11), or 2.4 x 10(-11) mol/L) for 3 h. Cell injury was subsequently evaluated by measuring cell viability with an MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, whereas lipid peroxidation was assayed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Antioxidant capacity was quantified by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. Nitric oxide (NO) production was determined by nitrite accumulation. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Guanylate cyclase activity and cyclic GMP (cGMP) activity were assessed by an enzyme immunoassay kit. RESULTS PMS incubation attenuated A/R-induced injury in a concentration-dependent manner, as evidenced by a decrease in LDH activity and an increase in cell viability. PMS exerted its protective effect by inhibiting the A/R-mediated elevation of MDA content, as well as by promoting the recovery of SOD and GSH-Px activities. Additionally, PMS incubation enhanced NO and cGMP formation by increasing iNOS expression and guanylate cyclase activity. The protective effects of PMS were markedly attenuated by NOS inhibitor L-NAME, soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ or PKG inhibitor KT5823. CONCLUSION PMS preincubation resulted in the enhancement of antioxidant activity and anti-lipid peroxidation. The NO/cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) signaling pathway was involved in the effect of PMS on HUVECs.
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El-Mawla AA. Production of cycloartane triterpene glycosides in shoot cultures ofAstragalus sieberiDC. Nat Prod Res 2010; 24:416-22. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410902975632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hwang IK, Yoo KY, Kim DW, Jeong SJ, Won CK, Moon WK, Kim YS, Kwon DY, Won MH, Kim DW. An extract of Polygonum multiflorum protects against free radical damage induced by ultraviolet B irradiation of the skin. Braz J Med Biol Res 2006; 39:1181-8. [PMID: 16972004 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2006000900005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Accepted: 08/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the incidence of ultraviolet B (UVB)-related skin problems has been increasing. Damages induced by UVB radiation are related to mutations that occur as a result of direct DNA damage and/or the production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the anti-oxidant effects of a Polygonum multiflorum thumb extract against skin damage induced by UVB irradiation. Female SKH-1 hairless mice were divided into three groups: control (N = 7), distilled water- (N = 10), and P. multiflorum extract-treated (PM, N = 10) groups. The PM (10 g) was extracted with 100 mL distilled water, cryo-dried and 9.8 g was obtained. The animals received a topical application of 500 microL distilled water or PM extract (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16%, w/v, dissolved in distilled water) for 30 min after UVB irradiation (wavelength 280-320 nm, 300 mJ/cm(2); 3 min) of the dorsal kin for 14 days, and skin immunohistochemistry and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity were determined. SOD1 immunoreactivity, its protein levels and activities in the skin were significantly reduced by 70% in the distilled water-treated group after UVB irradiation compared to control. However, in the PM extract-treated groups, SOD1 immunoreactivity and its protein and activity levels increased in a dose-dependent manner (1-16%, w/v, PM extract) compared to the distilled water-treated group. SOD1 protein levels and activities in the groups treated with 8 and 16%, w/v, PM extract recovered to 80-90% of the control group levels after UVB. These results suggest that PM extract strongly inhibits the destruction of SOD1 by UV radiation and probably contains anti-skin photoaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Hwang
- Central Research Center, Natural F & P Co., Ltd., Chunchon, South Korea
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LI-SHUANG L, GU XIAOHONG, HO CHITANG, TANG JIAN. STILBENE GLYCOSIDES FROM THE ROOTS OF POLYGONUM MULTIFLORUM THUNB AND THEIR IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2006.00039.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ohkawara S, Okuma Y, Uehara T, Yamagishi T, Nomura Y. Astrapterocarpan isolated from Astragalus membranaceus inhibits proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 525:41-7. [PMID: 16297381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of astrapterocarpan, formononetin, and calycosin isolated from Astragalus membraneceus on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferative response in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (A10 cells) were investigated. Astrapterocarpan significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner. This inhibition was not attributed to toxicity. In contrast, formononetin and calycosin had no effect. We next examined the effect of astrapterocarpan on PDGF-BB signal transduction. Astrapterocarpan inhibited PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERIC1/2) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. However, this compound had no effect on phosphorylation of PDGF-beta-receptor, Akt kinase and p38 MAP kinase. These results indicated that astrapterocarpan inhibits PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and that this effect may be mediated, at least in part, by inhibition of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohkawara
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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Fan Y, Wu DZ, Gong YQ, Zhou JY, Hu ZB. Effects of calycosin on the impairment of barrier function induced by hypoxia in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 481:33-40. [PMID: 14637172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of calycosin, an isoflavonoid isolated from Astragali Radix, on the impairment of barrier function induced by hypoxia in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Hypoxia induced an increase in endothelial cell monolayer permeability, indicating endothelial cell barrier impairment. Endothelial barrier dysfunction induced by hypoxia was accompanied by decreases in cytosolic ATP concentration and cAMP level, the development of actin stress fibers and intercellular gap formation, suggesting that the decreases in cytosolic ATP and cAMP levels and rearrangements of F-actin could be associated with an increase in permeability of endothelial monolayers. Application of calycosin inhibited the hypoxia-induced increase in endothelial permeability in a dose-dependent fashion, which is compatible with inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase release, decrease of the fall in ATP and cAMP contents, and improvement of F-actin rearrangements. These findings indicate that calycosin protected endothelial cells from hypoxia-induced barrier impairment by increasing intracellular energetic sources and promoting regeneration of the cAMP level, as well as improving cytoskeleton remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, WHO Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 530 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Luo Y, Qin Z, Hong Z, Zhang X, Ding D, Fu JH, Zhang WD, Chen J. Astragaloside IV protects against ischemic brain injury in a murine model of transient focal ischemia. Neurosci Lett 2004; 363:218-23. [PMID: 15182947 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2003] [Revised: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 03/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus is a herbal medicine that has been used clinically in stroke patients in China for decades, but its potential neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain injury has not been experimentally tested. In this study, we investigated the effect of Astragaloside IV, a purified extract from Astragalus membranaceus, in a murine model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion produced by transient (1.5 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion. As determined at 72 h after ischemia, post-ischemic treatment of Astragaloside IV (20 or 40 mg/kg) markedly and significantly (P < 0.03 vs. vehicle-treated animals) reduced infarct volume. Astragaloside IV treatment also decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and increased the levels of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in ischemic tissues. The results presented here provide the first evidence of a neuroprotective effect of Astragaloside IV in the model of ischemic brain injury. We suggest that the anti-infarction effect by Astragaloside IV may be derived at least in part from its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Luo
- Institute of Neurology, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200040, PR China
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Chan YC, Wang MF, Chang HC. Polygonum multiflorum extracts improve cognitive performance in senescence accelerated mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2003; 31:171-9. [PMID: 12856856 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x03000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Polygonum multflorum (PM) Thunb. on the learning and memory ability in one and seven-month-old male senescence accelerated mice (SAMP8). The mice were fed with two different diets for 18 weeks; they were casein dietary group (control group) and casein diet supplemented with PM extracts. Active shuttle avoidance test was performed to determine the learning and memory ability of the mice while the spongy degeneration and the lipofuscin, malondialdehyde, and total thiol levels of the brain were measured to evaluate the extent of the brain degeneration and oxidative status. Results of active shuttle avoidance test showed the mice fed with the PM extracts had significantly better learning and memory ability than the control group. The spongy degeneration and the lipofuscin and malondialdehyde concentrations of the mice in the PM groups were significantly lower than the control in both age groups, whereas the total thiol levels were higher but not significantly different. It was concluded that the supplement of the PM extracts could improve the learning and memory ability and reduce the brain pathological changes in mice. This might be due to the antioxidant phytochemicals of the PM extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ching Chan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chan YC, Wang MF, Chen YC, Yang DY, Lee MS, Cheng FC. Long-term administration of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. reduces cerebral ischemia-induced infarct volume in gerbils. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2003; 31:71-7. [PMID: 12723756 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x03000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Focal cerebral ischemia was produced by an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 1, 3 and 24 hours in gerbils. Infarct volumes were determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) transcardiac perfusion 24 hours after cerebral ischemia. Significant and consistent infarct sizes were produced in gerbils subjected to 24-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral arterey when compared to the 1 and 3-hour occlusion group. Longterm pretreatment of the 50% ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. for 2 weeks significantly reduced the infarct volume by 50% as compared to that of the 24-hour occlusion group. The results revealed that long term pretreatment of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. may protect the brain against focal cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ching Chan
- Department of Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, 433 Taiwan, ROC
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Lin LC, Nalawade SM, Mulabagal V, Yeh MS, Tsay HS. Micropropagation of Polygonum multiflorum THUNB and Quantitative Analysis of the Anthraquinones Emodin and Physcion Formed in in Vitro Propagated Shoots and Plants. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26:1467-71. [PMID: 14519956 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and rapid protocol for in vitro induction and complete plant regeneration of Polygonum multiflorum THUNB has been developed. Nodal explants were grown in vitro on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) basal medium containing different concentrations of alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA). The nodal explants (97%) produced multiple shoots (4.7 shoots per explant) on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l NAA and 2.0 mg/l BA after 6 weeks of culture. Eighty-eight percent to 100% of the shoots (1.0 cm in length) elongated (about 3.02-4.28 cm) and rooted on MS basal medium supplemented with NAA or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). All the rooted shoots were transferred to pots containing autoclaved soil, vermiculite, and peat moss (1 : 1 : 1). The plantlets were successfully acclimatized under greenhouse conditions with high humidity before transferring to the field. The anthraquinone contents were determined using HPLC. Analysis revealed that the contents of the major medicinal compounds-emodin and physcion in the 6 weeks old in vitro grown shoots and three month old in vitro propagated plants grown in greenhouse were higher than those of the marketed crude drug (processed underground or stem parts of P. multiflorum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chang Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shao Z, Li C, Becker LB, Vanden Hoek TL, Schumacker PT, Attele AS, Zhang L, Xie J, Yuan C. Qian-Kun-Nin, a Chinese herbal medicine formulation, attenuates mitochondrial oxidant stress in cardiomyocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2001; 74:63-68. [PMID: 11137349 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Qian-Kun-Nin is a Chinese herbal medicine formulation used for several indications, including the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This formulation contains herbs which possess antioxidant properties. In this study, Qian-Kun-Nin's ability to confer protection to cardiomyocytes against reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during mitochondrial electron transport inhibition was tested. The intracellular fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA, sensitive to H(2)O(2) and hydroxyl radicals) was used to assess intracellular ROS, and propidium iodide (PI) was used to assess viability in cultured chick embryonic cardiomyocytes. Qian-Kun-Nin significantly attenuated oxidation of DCFH in cells exposed to the mitochondrial site III inhibitor, antimycin A, consistent with a decrease in oxidative stress. These attenuated oxidant levels were associated with improved cell survival. After antimycin A exposure, Qian-Kun-Nin decreased cell death from 51. 6+/-3.3% in untreated cells to 27.3+/-3.8% in treated cells at 2 h. We conclude that Qian-Kun-Nin attenuates oxidant stress and protects cells from lethal oxidant damage during mitochondrial electron transport inhibition, and thus its therapeutic potential in treating cardiovascular diseases may relate to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shao
- Department of Medicine-Sections of Emergency Medicine and Pulmonary/Critical Care, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Chiu JH, Ho CT, Wei YH, Lui WY, Hong CY. In vitro and in vivo protective effect of honokiol on rat liver from peroxidative injury. Life Sci 1997; 61:1961-71. [PMID: 9364201 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Honokiol, a compound extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, has a strong antioxidant effect on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat heart mitochondria. To investigate the protective effect of honokiol on hepatocytes from peroxidative injury, oxygen consumption and malondialdehyde formation for in vitro iron-induced lipid peroxidation were assayed, and the mitochondrial respiratory function for in vivo ischemia-reperfusion injury were evaluated in rat liver, respectively. The inhibitory effect of honokiol on oxygen consumption and malondialdehyde formation during iron-induced lipid peroxidation in liver mitochondria showed obvious dose-dependent responses with a concentration of 50% inhibition being 2.3 x 10(-7) M and 4.96 x 10(-7) M, respectively, that is, 550 times and 680 times more potent than alpha-tocopherol, respectively. When rat livers were introduced with ischemia 60 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min, and then pretreated with honokiol (10 micrograms/kg BW), the mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (the quotient of the respiration rate of State 3 to that of State 4) and ADP/O ratio from the honokiol-treated livers were significantly higher than those of non-treated livers during reperfusion. The dose-dependent protective effect of honokiol on ischemia-reperfusion injury was 10 microgram-100 micrograms/Kg body weight. We conclude that honokiol is a strong antioxidant and shed insight into clinical implications for protection of hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Chiu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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