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Hinsen M, Nagel AM, May MS, Wiesmueller M, Uder M, Heiss R. Lung Nodule Detection With Modern Low-Field MRI (0.55 T) in Comparison to CT. Invest Radiol 2024; 59:215-222. [PMID: 37490031 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of modern low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for lung nodule detection and to correlate nodule size measurement with computed tomography (CT) as reference. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between November 2020 and July 2021, a prospective clinical trial using low-field MRI at 0.55 T was performed in patients with known pulmonary nodules from a single academic medical center. Every patient underwent MRI and CT imaging on the same day. The primary aim was to evaluate the detection accuracy of pulmonary nodules using MRI with transversal periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction in combination with coronal half-Fourier acquired single-shot turbo spin-echo MRI sequences. The secondary outcome was the correlation of the mean lung nodule diameter with CT as reference according to the Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman analysis were applied to analyze the results. RESULTS A total of 46 participants (mean age ± SD, 66 ± 11 years; 26 women) were included. In a blinded analysis of 964 lung nodules, the detection accuracy was 100% for those ≥6 mm (126/126), 80% (159/200) for those ≥4-<6 mm, and 23% (147/638) for those <4 mm in MRI compared with reference CT. Spearman correlation coefficient of MRI and CT size measurement was r = 0.87 ( P < 0.001), and the mean difference was 0.16 ± 0.9 mm. CONCLUSIONS Modern low-field MRI shows excellent accuracy in lesion detection for lung nodules ≥6 mm and a very strong correlation with CT imaging for size measurement, but could not compete with CT in the detection of small nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hinsen
- From the Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany (M.H., A.M.N., M.S.M., M.W., M.U., R.H.); and Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.N.)
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Bhure U, Cieciera M, Lehnick D, Del Sol Pérez Lago M, Grünig H, Lima T, Roos JE, Strobel K. Incorporation of CAD (computer-aided detection) with thin-slice lung CT in routine 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging read-out protocol for detection of lung nodules. Eur J Hybrid Imaging 2023; 7:17. [PMID: 37718372 PMCID: PMC10505603 DOI: 10.1186/s41824-023-00177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the detection rate and performance of 18F-FDG PET alone (PET), the combination of PET and low-dose thick-slice CT (PET/lCT), PET and diagnostic thin-slice CT (PET/dCT), and additional computer-aided detection (PET/dCT/CAD) for lung nodules (LN)/metastases in tumor patients. Along with this, assessment of inter-reader agreement and time requirement for different techniques were evaluated as well. METHODS In 100 tumor patients (56 male, 44 female; age range: 22-93 years, mean age: 60 years) 18F-FDG PET images, low-dose CT with shallow breathing (5 mm slice thickness), and diagnostic thin-slice CT (1 mm slice thickness) in full inspiration were retrospectively evaluated by three readers with variable experience (junior, mid-level, and senior) for the presence of lung nodules/metastases and additionally analyzed with CAD. Time taken for each analysis and number of the nodules detected were assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy, and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of each technique was calculated. Histopathology and/or imaging follow-up served as reference standard for the diagnosis of metastases. RESULTS Three readers, on an average, detected 40 LN in 17 patients with PET only, 121 LN in 37 patients using ICT, 283 LN in 60 patients with dCT, and 282 LN in 53 patients with CAD. On average, CAD detected 49 extra LN, missed by the three readers without CAD, whereas CAD overall missed 53 LN. There was very good inter-reader agreement regarding the diagnosis of metastases for all four techniques (kappa: 0.84-0.93). The average time required for the evaluation of LN in PET, lCT, dCT, and CAD was 25, 31, 60, and 40 s, respectively; the assistance of CAD lead to average 33% reduction in time requirement for evaluation of lung nodules compared to dCT. The time-saving effect was highest in the less experienced reader. Regarding the diagnosis of metastases, sensitivity and specificity combined of all readers were 47.8%/96.2% for PET, 80.0%/81.9% for PET/lCT, 100%/56.7% for PET/dCT, and 95.6%/64.3% for PET/CAD. No significant difference was observed regarding the ROC AUC (area under the curve) between the imaging methods. CONCLUSION Implementation of CAD for the detection of lung nodules/metastases in routine 18F-FDG PET/CT read-out is feasible. The combination of diagnostic thin-slice CT and CAD significantly increases the detection rate of lung nodules in tumor patients compared to the standard PET/CT read-out. PET combined with low-dose CT showed the best balance between sensitivity and specificity regarding the diagnosis of metastases per patient. CAD reduces the time required for lung nodule/metastasis detection, especially for less experienced readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujwal Bhure
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Matthäus Cieciera
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Lehnick
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Clinical Trial Unit Central Switzerland, University of Lucerne, 6002, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Hannes Grünig
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Thiago Lima
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Justus E Roos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Strobel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, 6000, Lucerne 16, Switzerland.
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Jo GD, Ahn C, Hong JH, Kim DS, Park J, Kim H, Kim JH, Goo JM, Nam JG. 75% radiation dose reduction using deep learning reconstruction on low-dose chest CT. BMC Med Imaging 2023; 23:121. [PMID: 37697262 PMCID: PMC10494344 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have explored the clinical feasibility of using deep-learning reconstruction to reduce the radiation dose of CT. We aimed to compare the image quality and lung nodule detectability between chest CT using a quarter of the low dose (QLD) reconstructed with vendor-agnostic deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) and conventional low-dose (LD) CT reconstructed with iterative reconstruction (IR). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected 100 patients (median age, 61 years [IQR, 53-70 years]) who received LDCT using a dual-source scanner, where total radiation was split into a 1:3 ratio. QLD CT was generated using a quarter dose and reconstructed with DLIR (QLD-DLIR), while LDCT images were generated using a full dose and reconstructed with IR (LD-IR). Three thoracic radiologists reviewed subjective noise, spatial resolution, and overall image quality, and image noise was measured in five areas. The radiologists were also asked to detect all Lung-RADS category 3 or 4 nodules, and their performance was evaluated using area under the jackknife free-response receiver operating characteristic curve (AUFROC). RESULTS The median effective dose was 0.16 (IQR, 0.14-0.18) mSv for QLD CT and 0.65 (IQR, 0.57-0.71) mSv for LDCT. The radiologists' evaluations showed no significant differences in subjective noise (QLD-DLIR vs. LD-IR, lung-window setting; 3.23 ± 0.19 vs. 3.27 ± 0.22; P = .11), spatial resolution (3.14 ± 0.28 vs. 3.16 ± 0.27; P = .12), and overall image quality (3.14 ± 0.21 vs. 3.17 ± 0.17; P = .15). QLD-DLIR demonstrated lower measured noise than LD-IR in most areas (P < .001 for all). No significant difference was found between QLD-DLIR and LD-IR for the sensitivity (76.4% vs. 72.2%; P = .35) or the AUFROCs (0.77 vs. 0.78; P = .68) in detecting Lung-RADS category 3 or 4 nodules. Under a noninferiority limit of -0.1, QLD-DLIR showed noninferior detection performance (95% CI for AUFROC difference, -0.04 to 0.06). CONCLUSION QLD-DLIR images showed comparable image quality and noninferior nodule detectability relative to LD-IR images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Deok Jo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulkyun Ahn
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- ClariPi Research, Seoul, 03088, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Hong
- Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Kim
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- ClariPi Research, Seoul, 03088, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju Gang Nam
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Wang H, Zhu H, Ding L, Yang K. A diagnostic classification of lung nodules using multiple-scale residual network. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11322. [PMID: 37443333 PMCID: PMC10345110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) scans have been shown to be an effective way of improving diagnostic efficacy and reducing lung cancer mortality. However, distinguishing benign from malignant nodules in CT imaging remains challenging. This study aims to develop a multiple-scale residual network (MResNet) to automatically and precisely extract the general feature of lung nodules, and classify lung nodules based on deep learning. The MResNet aggregates the advantages of residual units and pyramid pooling module (PPM) to learn key features and extract the general feature for lung nodule classification. Specially, the MResNet uses the ResNet as a backbone network to learn contextual information and discriminate feature representation. Meanwhile, the PPM is used to fuse features under four different scales, including the coarse scale and the fine-grained scale to obtain more general lung features of the CT image. MResNet had an accuracy of 99.12%, a sensitivity of 98.64%, a specificity of 97.87%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 99.92%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.87% in the training set. Additionally, its area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.9998 (0.99976-0.99991). MResNet's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC in the testing set were 85.23%, 92.79%, 72.89%, 84.56%, 86.34%, and 0.9275 (0.91662-0.93833), respectively. The developed MResNet performed exceptionally well in estimating the malignancy risk of pulmonary nodules found on CT. The model has the potential to provide reliable and reproducible malignancy risk scores for clinicians and radiologists, thereby optimizing lung cancer screening management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Wang
- School of Network Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- School of Network Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kaili Yang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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Chao HS, Tsai CY, Chou CW, Shiao TH, Huang HC, Chen KC, Tsai HH, Lin CY, Chen YM. Artificial Intelligence Assisted Computational Tomographic Detection of Lung Nodules for Prognostic Cancer Examination: A Large-Scale Clinical Trial. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010147. [PMID: 36672655 PMCID: PMC9856020 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has emerged as a standard method for detecting early-stage lung cancer. However, the tedious computer tomography (CT) slide reading, patient-by-patient check, and lack of standard criteria to determine the vague but possible nodule leads to variable outcomes of CT slide interpretation. To determine the artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted CT examination, AI algorithm-assisted CT screening was embedded in the hospital picture archiving and communication system, and a 200 person-scaled clinical trial was conducted at two medical centers. With AI algorithm-assisted CT screening, the sensitivity of detecting nodules sized 4−5 mm, 6~10 mm, 11~20 mm, and >20 mm increased by 41%, 11.2%, 10.3%, and 18.7%, respectively. Remarkably, the overall sensitivity of detecting varied nodules increased by 20.7% from 67.7% to 88.4%. Furthermore, the sensitivity increased by 18.5% from 72.5% to 91% for detecting ground glass nodules (GGN), which is challenging for radiologists and physicians. The free-response operating characteristic (FROC) AI score was ≥0.4, and the AI algorithm standalone CT screening sensitivity reached >95% with an area under the localization receiver operating characteristic curve (LROC-AUC) of >0.88. Our study demonstrates that AI algorithm-embedded CT screening significantly ameliorates tedious LDCT practices for doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Sheng Chao
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yun Tsai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Wei Chou
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Hui Shiao
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chih Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chieh Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 545301, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hung Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department for Biomedical Engineering, Collage of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28712121 (ext. 7865)
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Sekeroglu K, Soysal ÖM. Multi-Perspective Hierarchical Deep-Fusion Learning Framework for Lung Nodule Classification. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8949. [PMID: 36433541 PMCID: PMC9697252 DOI: 10.3390/s22228949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cancer type that causes mortality in both men and women. Computer-aided detection (CAD) and diagnosis systems can play a very important role for helping physicians with cancer treatments. This study proposes a hierarchical deep-fusion learning scheme in a CAD framework for the detection of nodules from computed tomography (CT) scans. In the proposed hierarchical approach, a decision is made at each level individually employing the decisions from the previous level. Further, individual decisions are computed for several perspectives of a volume of interest. This study explores three different approaches to obtain decisions in a hierarchical fashion. The first model utilizes raw images. The second model uses a single type of feature image having salient content. The last model employs multi-type feature images. All models learn the parameters by means of supervised learning. The proposed CAD frameworks are tested using lung CT scans from the LIDC/IDRI database. The experimental results showed that the proposed multi-perspective hierarchical fusion approach significantly improves the performance of the classification. The proposed hierarchical deep-fusion learning model achieved a sensitivity of 95% with only 0.4 fp/scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sekeroglu
- Department of Computer Science, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA
| | - Ömer Muhammet Soysal
- Department of Computer Science, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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[Low-dose Spiral Computed Tomography in Lung Cancer Screening]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:678-683. [PMID: 36172733 PMCID: PMC9549430 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.101.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. The low early diagnosis rate and poor prognosis of patients have caused serious social burden. Regular screening of high-risk population by low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) can significantly improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer and bring new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. In recent years, LDCT lung cancer screening programs have been carried out in many countries around the world and achieved good results, but there are still some controversies in the selection of screening subjects, screening frequency, cost effectiveness and other aspects. In this paper, the key factors of LDCT lung cancer screening, screening effect, pulmonary nodule management and artificial intelligence contribution to the development of LDCT will be reviewed, and the application progress of LDCT in lung cancer screening will be discussed.
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Lancaster HL, Heuvelmans MA, Oudkerk M. Low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening: Clinical evidence and implementation research. J Intern Med 2022; 292:68-80. [PMID: 35253286 PMCID: PMC9311401 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer causes more deaths than breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer combined. Nevertheless, population-based lung cancer screening is still not considered standard practice in most countries worldwide. Early lung cancer detection leads to better survival outcomes: patients diagnosed with stage 1A lung cancer have a >75% 5-year survival rate, compared to <5% at stage 4. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) thorax imaging for the secondary prevention of lung cancer has been studied at length, and has been shown to significantly reduce lung cancer mortality in high-risk populations. The US National Lung Screening Trial reported a 20% overall reduction in lung cancer mortality when comparing LDCT to chest X-ray, and the Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek (NELSON) trial more recently reported a 24% reduction when comparing LDCT to no screening. Hence, the focus has now shifted to implementation research. Consequently, the 4-IN-THE-LUNG-RUN consortium based in five European countries, has set up a large-scale multicenter implementation trial. Successful implementation of and accessibility to LDCT lung cancer screening are dependent on many factors, not limited to population selection, recruitment strategy, computed tomography screening frequency, lung-nodule management, participant compliance, and cost effectiveness. This review provides an overview of current evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening, and draws attention to major factors that need to be addressed to successfully implement standardized, effective, and accessible screening throughout Europe. Evidence shows that through the appropriate use of risk-prediction models and a more personalized approach to screening, efficacy could be improved. Furthermore, extending the screening interval for low-risk individuals to reduce costs and associated harms is a possibility, and through the use of volumetric-based measurement and follow-up, false positive results can be greatly reduced. Finally, smoking cessation programs could be a valuable addition to screening programs and artificial intelligence could offer a solution to the added workload pressures radiologists are facing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet L Lancaster
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Diagnostic Accuracy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein A Heuvelmans
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Diagnostic Accuracy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Oudkerk
- Institute for Diagnostic Accuracy, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ko JP, Bagga B, Gozansky E, Moore WH. Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Evaluation: Pearls and Pitfalls. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2022; 43:230-245. [PMID: 35688534 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung nodules are frequently encountered while interpreting chest CTs and are challenging to detect, characterize, and manage given they can represent both benign or malignant etiologies. An understanding of features associated with malignancy and causes of interpretive pitfalls is helpful to avoid misdiagnoses. This review addresses pertinent topics related to the etiologies for missed lung nodules on radiography and CT. Additionally, CT imaging technical pitfalls and challenges in addition to issues in the evaluation of nodule morphology, attenuation, and size will be discussed. Nodule management guidelines will be addressed as well as recent investigations that further our understanding of lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane P Ko
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Barun Bagga
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Elliott Gozansky
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - William H Moore
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Too Hot to Handle, Too Cold to Care: The Future of Renal Mass Imaging. Eur Urol 2022; 81:489-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jacobs C, Schreuder A, van Riel SJ, Scholten ET, Wittenberg R, Wille MMW, de Hoop B, Sprengers R, Mets OM, Geurts B, Prokop M, Schaefer-Prokop C, van Ginneken B. Assisted versus Manual Interpretation of Low-Dose CT Scans for Lung Cancer Screening: Impact on Lung-RADS Agreement. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2021; 3:e200160. [PMID: 34559005 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.2021200160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the inter- and intraobserver agreement and reading times achieved when assigning Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) categories to baseline and follow-up lung cancer screening studies by using a dedicated CT lung screening viewer with integrated nodule detection and volumetric support with those achieved by using a standard picture archiving and communication system (PACS)-like viewer. Materials and Methods Data were obtained from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). By using data recorded by NLST radiologists, scans were assigned to Lung-RADS categories. For each Lung-RADS category (1 or 2, 3, 4A, and 4B), 40 CT scans (20 baseline scans and 20 follow-up scans) were randomly selected for 160 participants (median age, 61 years; interquartile range, 58-66 years; 61 women) in total. Seven blinded observers independently read all CT scans twice in a randomized order with a 2-week washout period: once by using the standard PACS-like viewer and once by using the dedicated viewer. Observers were asked to assign a Lung-RADS category to each scan and indicate the risk-dominant nodule. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was analyzed by using Fleiss κ values and Cohen weighted κ values, respectively. Reading times were compared by using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results The interobserver agreement was moderate for the standard viewer and substantial for the dedicated viewer, with Fleiss κ values of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.60) and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.68), respectively. The intraobserver agreement was substantial, with a mean Cohen weighted κ value of 0.67. The median reading time was significantly reduced from 160 seconds with the standard viewer to 86 seconds with the dedicated viewer (P < .001). Conclusion Lung-RADS interobserver agreement increased from moderate to substantial when using the dedicated CT lung screening viewer. The median reading time was substantially reduced when scans were read by using the dedicated CT lung screening viewer. Keywords: CT, Thorax, Lung, Computer Applications-Detection/Diagnosis, Observer Performance, Technology Assessment Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Jacobs
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Anton Schreuder
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Sarah J van Riel
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Ernst Th Scholten
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Rianne Wittenberg
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Mathilde M Winkler Wille
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Bartjan de Hoop
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Ralf Sprengers
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Onno M Mets
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Bram Geurts
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Mathias Prokop
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
| | - Bram van Ginneken
- From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Anatomy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.J., A.S., S.J.v.R., E.T.S., B.G., M.P., C.S.P., B.v.G.); Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (R.W.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Radiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark (M.M.W.W.); Department of Radiology, Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, the Netherlands (B.d.H.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.M.M.); Department of Radiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (O.M.M., R.S.); and Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany (B.v.G.)
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12
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Park S, Park H, Lee SM, Ahn Y, Kim W, Jung K, Seo JB. Application of computer-aided diagnosis for Lung-RADS categorization in CT screening for lung cancer: effect on inter-reader agreement. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:1054-1064. [PMID: 34331112 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) on inter-reader agreement in Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) categorization. METHODS Two hundred baseline CT scans covering all Lung-RADS categories were randomly selected from the National Lung Cancer Screening Trial. Five radiologists independently reviewed the CT scans and assigned Lung-RADS categories without CAD and with CAD. The CAD system presented up to five of the most risk-dominant nodules with measurements and predicted Lung-RADS category. Inter-reader agreement was analyzed using multirater Fleiss κ statistics. RESULTS The five readers reported 139-151 negative screening results without CAD and 126-142 with CAD. With CAD, readers tended to upstage (average, 12.3%) rather than downstage Lung-RADS category (average, 4.4%). Inter-reader agreement of five readers for Lung-RADS categorization was moderate (Fleiss kappa, 0.60 [95% confidence interval, 0.57, 0.63]) without CAD, and slightly improved to substantial (Fleiss kappa, 0.65 [95% CI, 0.63, 0.68]) with CAD. The major cause for disagreement was assignment of different risk-dominant nodules in the reading sessions without and with CAD (54.2% [201/371] vs. 63.6% [232/365]). The proportion of disagreement in nodule size measurement was reduced from 5.1% (102/2000) to 3.1% (62/2000) with the use of CAD (p < 0.001). In 31 cancer-positive cases, substantial management discrepancies (category 1/2 vs. 4A/B) between reader pairs decreased with application of CAD (pooled sensitivity, 85.2% vs. 91.6%; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Application of CAD demonstrated a minor improvement in inter-reader agreement of Lung-RADS category, while showing the potential to reduce measurement variability and substantial management change in cancer-positive cases. KEY POINTS • Inter-reader agreement of five readers for Lung-RADS categorization was minimally improved by application of CAD, with a Fleiss kappa value of 0.60 to 0.65. • The major cause for disagreement was assignment of different risk-dominant nodules in the reading sessions without and with CAD (54.2% vs. 63.6%). • In 31 cancer-positive cases, substantial management discrepancies between reader pairs, referring to a difference in follow-up interval of at least 9 months (category 1/2 vs. 4A/B), were reduced in half by application of CAD (32/310 to 16/310) (pooled sensitivity, 85.2% vs. 91.6%; p = 0.004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
| | | | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
| | - Yura Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
| | - Wooil Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.,Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Joon Beom Seo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
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13
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Hsu HH, Ko KH, Chou YC, Wu YC, Chiu SH, Chang CK, Chang WC. Performance and reading time of lung nodule identification on multidetector CT with or without an artificial intelligence-powered computer-aided detection system. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:626.e23-626.e32. [PMID: 34023068 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the performance and reading time of different readers using automatic artificial intelligence (AI)-powered computer-aided detection (CAD) to detect lung nodules in different reading modes. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty multidetector computed tomography (CT) datasets containing 340 nodules ≤10 mm in diameter were collected retrospectively. A CAD with vessel-suppressed function was used to interpret the images. Three junior and three senior readers were assigned to read (1) CT images without CAD, (2) second-read using CAD in which CAD was applied only after initial unassisted assessment, and (3) a concurrent read with CAD in which CAD was applied at the start of assessment. Diagnostic performances and reading times were compared using analysis of variance. RESULTS For all readers, the mean sensitivity improved from 64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 62%, 66%) for the without-CAD mode to 82% (95% CI: 80%, 84%) for the second-reading mode and to 80% (95% CI: 79%, 82%) for the concurrent-reading mode (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the two modes in terms of the mean sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for both junior and senior readers and all readers (p>0.05). The reading time of all readers was significantly shorter for the concurrent-reading mode (124 ± 25 seconds) compared to without CAD (156 ± 34 seconds; p<0.001) and the second-reading mode (197 ± 46 seconds; p<0.001). CONCLUSION In CAD for lung nodules at CT, the second-reading mode and concurrent-reading mode may improve detection performance for all readers in both screening and clinical routine practice. Concurrent use of CAD is more efficient for both junior and senior readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-H Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - K-H Ko
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Wu
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S-H Chiu
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-K Chang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-C Chang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Feng H, Shi G, Liu H, Du Y, Zhang N, Wang Y. The Value of PETRA in Pulmonary Nodules of <3 cm Among Patients With Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649625. [PMID: 34084745 PMCID: PMC8167054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the visibility of different subgroups of lung nodules of <3 cm using the pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) sequence on 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with that obtained using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). Methods The appropriate detection rate was calculated for each of the different subgroups of lung nodules of <3 cm. The mean diameter of each detected nodule was determined. The detection rates and diameters of the lung nodules detected by MRI with the PETRA sequence were compared with those detected by computed tomography (CT). The sensitivity of detection for the different subgroups of pulmonary nodules was determined based on the location, size, type of nodules and morphologic characteristics. Agreement of nodule characteristics between CT and MRI were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa test. Results The CT scans detected 256 lung nodules, comprising 99 solid nodules (SNs) and 157 subsolid nodules with a mean nodule diameter of 8.3 mm. For the SNs, the MRI detected 30/47 nodules of <6 mm in diameter and 52/52 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. For the subsolid nodules, the MRI detected 30/51 nodules of <6 mm in diameter and 102/106 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. The PETRA sequence returned a high detection rate (84%). The detection rates of SN, ground glass nodules, and PSN were 82%, 72%, and 94%, respectively. For nodules with a diameter of >6 mm, the sensitivity of the PETRA sequence reached 97%, with a higher rate for nodules located in the upper lung fields than those in the middle and lower lung fields. Strong agreement was found between the CT and PETRA results (correlation coefficients = 0.97). Conclusion The PETRA technique had high sensitivity for different type of nodule detection and enabled accurate assessment of their diameter and morphologic characteristics. It may be an effective alternative to CT as a tool for screening and follow up pulmonary nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Gaofeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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15
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El Ayachy R, Giraud N, Giraud P, Durdux C, Giraud P, Burgun A, Bibault JE. The Role of Radiomics in Lung Cancer: From Screening to Treatment and Follow-Up. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603595. [PMID: 34026602 PMCID: PMC8131863 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer represents the first cause of cancer-related death in the world. Radiomics studies arise rapidly in this late decade. The aim of this review is to identify important recent publications to be synthesized into a comprehensive review of the current status of radiomics in lung cancer at each step of the patients’ care. Methods A literature review was conducted using PubMed/Medline for search of relevant peer-reviewed publications from January 2012 to June 2020 Results We identified several studies at each point of patient’s care: detection and classification of lung nodules (n=16), determination of histology and genomic (n=10) and finally treatment outcomes predictions (=23). We reported the methodology of those studies and their results and discuss the limitations and the progress to be made for clinical routine applications. Conclusion Promising perspectives arise from machine learning applications and radiomics based models in lung cancers, yet further data are necessary for their implementation in daily care. Multicentric collaboration and attention to quality and reproductivity of radiomics studies should be further consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radouane El Ayachy
- Radiation Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1138 Team 22: Information Sciences to support Personalized Medicine, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Giraud
- INSERM UMR 1138 Team 22: Information Sciences to support Personalized Medicine, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Radiation Oncology Department, Haut-Lévêque Hospital, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Paul Giraud
- Radiation Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1138 Team 22: Information Sciences to support Personalized Medicine, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Durdux
- Radiation Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Giraud
- Radiation Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anita Burgun
- Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1138 Team 22: Information Sciences to support Personalized Medicine, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Jean Emmanuel Bibault
- Radiation Oncology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine-Integrated Cancer Research Center (SIRIC), Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1138 Team 22: Information Sciences to support Personalized Medicine, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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16
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Schreuder A, Scholten ET, van Ginneken B, Jacobs C. Artificial intelligence for detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules in lung cancer CT screening: ready for practice? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2378-2388. [PMID: 34164285 PMCID: PMC8182724 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-2020-lcs-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer computed tomography (CT) screening trials using low-dose CT have repeatedly demonstrated a reduction in the number of lung cancer deaths in the screening group compared to a control group. With various countries currently considering the implementation of lung cancer screening, recurring discussion points are, among others, the potentially high false positive rates, cost-effectiveness, and the availability of radiologists for scan interpretation. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to increase the efficiency of lung cancer screening. We discuss the performance levels of AI algorithms for various tasks related to the interpretation of lung screening CT scans, how they compare to human experts, and how AI and humans may complement each other. We discuss how AI may be used in the lung cancer CT screening workflow according to the current evidence and describe the additional research that will be required before AI can take a more prominent role in the analysis of lung screening CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Schreuder
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Anatomy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst T Scholten
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Anatomy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram van Ginneken
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Anatomy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Colin Jacobs
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Anatomy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Snoeckx A, Franck C, Silva M, Prokop M, Schaefer-Prokop C, Revel MP. The radiologist's role in lung cancer screening. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2356-2367. [PMID: 34164283 PMCID: PMC8182709 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is still the deadliest cancer in men and women worldwide. This high mortality is related to diagnosis in advanced stages, when curative treatment is no longer an option. Large randomized controlled trials have shown that lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (CT) can detect lung cancers at earlier stages and reduce lung cancer-specific mortality. The recent publication of the significant reduction of cancer-related mortality by 26% in the Dutch-Belgian NELSON LCS trial has increased the likelihood that implementation of LCS in Europe will move forward. Radiologists are important stakeholders in numerous aspects of the LCS pathway. Their role goes beyond nodule detection and nodule management. Being part of a multidisciplinary team, radiologists are key players in numerous aspects of implementation of a high quality LCS program. In this non-systematic review we discuss the multifaceted role of radiologists in LCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemiek Snoeckx
- Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Caro Franck
- Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Mario Silva
- Scienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mathias Prokop
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie-Pierre Revel
- Department of Radiology, Cochin Hospital, APHP Centre, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Xiao Y, Wang X, Li Q, Fan R, Chen R, Shao Y, Chen Y, Gao Y, Liu A, Chen L, Liu S. A cascade and heterogeneous neural network for CT pulmonary nodule detection and its evaluation on both phantom and patient data. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2021; 90:101889. [PMID: 33848755 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2021.101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Screening of pulmonary nodules in computed tomography (CT) is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Although computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been designed to assist radiologists to detect nodules, fully automated detection is still challenging due to variations in nodule size, shape, and density. In this paper, we first propose a fully automated nodule detection method using a cascade and heterogeneous neural network trained on chest CT images of 12155 patients, then evaluate the performance by using phantom (828 CT images) and clinical datasets (2640 CT images) scanned with different imaging parameters. The nodule detection network employs two feature pyramid networks (FPNs) and a classification network (BasicNet). The first FPN is trained to achieve high sensitivity for nodule detection, and the second FPN refines the candidates for false positive reduction (FPR). Then, a BasicNet is combined with the second FPR to classify the candidates into either nodules or non-nodules for the final refinement. This study investigates the performance of nodule detection of solid and ground-glass nodules in phantom and patient data scanned with different imaging parameters. The results show that the detection of the solid nodules is robust to imaging parameters, and for GGO detection, reconstruction methods "iDose4-YA" and "STD-YA" achieve better performance. For thin-slice images, higher performance is achieved across different nodule sizes with reconstruction method "iDose4-STD". For 5 mm slice thickness, the best choice is the reconstruction method "iDose4-YA" for larger nodules (>5 mm). Overall, the reconstruction method "iDose4-YA" is suggested to achieve the best balanced results for both solid and GGO nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingchu Li
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rutan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., China
| | - Yanbo Chen
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., China
| | - Yaozong Gao
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., China
| | - Aie Liu
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., China.
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Failures Hiding in Success for Artificial Intelligence in Radiology. J Am Coll Radiol 2021; 18:517-519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Couraud S, Ferretti G, Milleron B, Cortot A, Girard N, Gounant V, Laurent F, Leleu O, Quoix E, Revel MP, Wislez M, Westeel V, Zalcman G, Scherpereel A, Khalil A. [Recommendations of French specialists on screening for lung cancer]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:310-325. [PMID: 33637394 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Couraud
- Service de pneumologie aiguë spécialisée et cancérologie thoracique, hospices civils de Lyon, hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France; Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France.
| | - G Ferretti
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de radiologie diagnostique et interventionnel, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - B Milleron
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France
| | - A Cortot
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - N Girard
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Unité d'oncologie thoracique, institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - V Gounant
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service d'oncologie thoracique, groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - F Laurent
- Service de radiologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - O Leleu
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de pneumologie, centre hospitalier Abbeville, Abbeville, France
| | - E Quoix
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de pneumologie, CHRU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M-P Revel
- Service de radiologie, hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - M Wislez
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service d'oncologie thoracique, hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - V Westeel
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de pneumologie et cancérologie thoracique, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - G Zalcman
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service d'oncologie thoracique, groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - A Scherpereel
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Khalil
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Paris, France; Service de radiologie, groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, France
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21
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Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique, Société de pneumologie de langue française, and Société d'imagerie thoracique statement paper on lung cancer screening. Diagn Interv Imaging 2021; 102:199-211. [PMID: 33648872 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Following the American National Lung Screening Trial results in 2011 a consortium of French experts met to edit a statement. Recent results of other randomized trials gave the opportunity for our group to meet again in order to edit updated guidelines. After literature review, we provide here a new update on lung cancer screening in France. Notably, in accordance with all international guidelines, the experts renew their recommendation in favor of individual screening for lung cancer in France as per the conditions laid out in this document. In addition, the experts recommend the very rapid organization and funding of prospective studies, which, if conclusive, will enable the deployment of lung cancer screening organized at the national level.
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Park S, Lee SM, Kim W, Park H, Jung KH, Do KH, Seo JB. Computer-aided Detection of Subsolid Nodules at Chest CT: Improved Performance with Deep Learning-based CT Section Thickness Reduction. Radiology 2021; 299:211-219. [PMID: 33560190 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021203387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies on the optimal CT section thickness for detecting subsolid nodules (SSNs) with computer-aided detection (CAD) are lacking. Purpose To assess the effect of CT section thickness on CAD performance in the detection of SSNs and to investigate whether deep learning-based super-resolution algorithms for reducing CT section thickness can improve performance. Materials and Methods CT images obtained with 1-, 3-, and 5-mm-thick sections were obtained in patients who underwent surgery between March 2018 and December 2018. Patients with resected synchronous SSNs and those without SSNs (negative controls) were retrospectively evaluated. The SSNs, which ranged from 6 to 30 mm, were labeled ground-truth lesions. A deep learning-based CAD system was applied to SSN detection on CT images of each section thickness and those converted from 3- and 5-mm section thickness into 1-mm section thickness by using the super-resolution algorithm. The CAD performance on each section thickness was evaluated and compared by using the jackknife alternative free response receiver operating characteristic figure of merit. Results A total of 308 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 62 years ± 10; 183 women) with 424 SSNs (310 part-solid and 114 nonsolid nodules) and 182 patients without SSNs (mean age, 65 years ± 10; 97 men) were evaluated. The figures of merit differed across the three section thicknesses (0.92, 0.90, and 0.89 for 1, 3, and 5 mm, respectively; P = .04) and between 1- and 5-mm sections (P = .04). The figures of merit varied for nonsolid nodules (0.78, 0.72, and 0.66 for 1, 3, and 5 mm, respectively; P < .001) but not for part-solid nodules (range, 0.93-0.94; P = .76). The super-resolution algorithm improved CAD sensitivity on 3- and 5-mm-thick sections (P = .02 for 3 mm, P < .001 for 5 mm). Conclusion Computer-aided detection (CAD) of subsolid nodules performed better at 1-mm section thickness CT than at 3- and 5-mm section thickness CT, particularly with nonsolid nodules. Application of a super-resolution algorithm improved the sensitivity of CAD at 3- and 5-mm section thickness CT. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Goo in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Park
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Sang Min Lee
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Wooil Kim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Hyunho Park
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Kyu-Hwan Jung
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Kyung-Hyun Do
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea (S.P., S.M.L., W.K., K.H.D., J.B.S.); and VUNO, Seoul, South Korea (H.P., K.H.J.)
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Perl RM, Grimmer R, Hepp T, Horger MS. Can a Novel Deep Neural Network Improve the Computer-Aided Detection of Solid Pulmonary Nodules and the Rate of False-Positive Findings in Comparison to an Established Machine Learning Computer-Aided Detection? Invest Radiol 2021; 56:103-108. [PMID: 32796198 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the performance of 2 approved computer-aided detection (CAD) systems for detection of pulmonary solid nodules (PSNs) in an oncologic cohort. The first CAD system is based on a conventional machine learning approach (VD10F), and the other is based on a deep 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) CAD software (VD20A). METHODS AND MATERIALS Nine hundred sixty-seven patients with a total of 2451 PSNs were retrospectively evaluated using the 2 different CAD systems. All patients had thin-slice chest computed tomography (0.6 mm) using 100 kV and 100 mAs and a high-resolution kernel (I50f). The CAD images generated by VD10F were transferred to the PACS for evaluation. The images generated by VD20A were evaluated using a Web browser-based viewer. Finally, a senior radiologist who was blinded for the CAD results examined the thin-slice images of every patient (ground truth). RESULTS A total of 2451 PSNs were detected by the senior radiologist. CAD-VD10F detected 1401 true-positive, 143 false-negative, 565 false-positive (FP), and 342 true-negative PSNs, resulting in sensitivity of 90.7%, specificity of 37.7%, positive predictive value of 0.71, and negative predictive value of 0.70. CAD-VD20A detected 1381 true-positive, 163 false-negative, 337 FP, and 570 true-negative PSNs, resulting in sensitivity of 89.4%, specificity of 62.8%, positive predictive value of 0.80, and negative predictive value 0.77, respectively. The rate of FP per scan was 0.6 for CAD-VD10F and 0.3 for CAD-VD20A. CONCLUSIONS The new deep learning-based CAD software (VD20A) shows similar sensitivity with the conventional CAD software (VD10F), but a significantly higher specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Mariette Perl
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | | | | | - Marius Stefan Horger
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen
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Wang J, Fan Y, Xia L. Nomograms to predict lung metastasis probability and lung metastasis subgroup survival in malignant bone tumors. Future Oncol 2021; 17:649-661. [PMID: 33464127 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct and validate nomograms for predicting lung metastasis and lung metastasis subgroup overall survival in malignant primary osseous neoplasms. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, logistic and Cox analyses were used to identify risk factors for lung metastasis in malignant primary osseous neoplasms and prognostic factors for overall survival in the lung metastasis subgroup. Further, nomograms were established and validated. A total of 3184 patients were collected. Variables including age, histology type, American Joint Committee on Cancer T and N stage, other site metastasis, tumor extension and surgery were extracted for the nomograms. The authors found that nomograms could provide an effective approach for clinicians to identify patients with a high risk of lung metastasis in malignant primary osseous neoplasms and perform a personalized overall survival evaluation for the lung metastasis subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Yonggang Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, PR China
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Fletcher JG, Levin DL, Sykes AMG, Lindell RM, White DB, Kuzo RS, Suresh V, Yu L, Leng S, Holmes DR, Inoue A, Johnson MP, Carter RE, McCollough CH. Observer Performance for Detection of Pulmonary Nodules at Chest CT over a Large Range of Radiation Dose Levels. Radiology 2020; 297:699-707. [PMID: 32990514 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020200969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background There is a wide variation in radiation dose levels that can be used with chest CT in order to detect indeterminate pulmonary nodules. Purpose To compare the performance of lower-radiation-dose chest CT with that of routine dose in the detection of indeterminate pulmonary nodules 5 mm or greater. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, CT projection data from 83 routine-dose chest CT examinations performed in 83 patients (120 kV, 70 quality reference mAs [QRM]) were collected between November 2013 and April 2014. Reference indeterminate pulmonary nodules were identified by two nonreader thoracic radiologists. By using validated noise insertion, five lower-dose data sets were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) or iterative reconstruction (IR; 30 QRM with FBP, 10 QRM with IR, 5 QRM with FBP, 5 QRM with IR, and 2.5 QRM with IR). Three thoracic radiologists circled pulmonary nodules, rating confidence that the nodule was a 5-mm-or-greater indeterminate pulmonary nodule, and graded image quality. Analysis was performed on a per-nodule basis by using jackknife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic figure of merit (FOM) and noninferiority limit of -0.10. Results There were 66 indeterminate pulmonary nodules (mean size, 8.6 mm ± 3.4 [standard deviation]; 21 part-solid nodules) in 42 patients (mean age, 51 years ± 17; 21 men and 21 women). Compared with the FOM for routine-dose CT (size-specific dose estimate, 6.5 mGy ± 1.8; FOM, 0.86 [95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.91]), FOM was noninferior for all lower-dose configurations except for 2.5 QRM with IR. The sensitivity for subsolid nodules at 70 QRM was 60% (range, 48%-72%) and was significantly worse at a dose of 5 QRM and lower, whether or not IR was used (P < .05). Diagnostic image quality decreased with decreasing dose (P < .001) and was better with IR at 5 QRM (P < .05). Conclusion CT images reconstructed at dose levels down to 10 quality reference mAs (size-specific dose estimate, 0.9 mGy) had noninferior performance compared with routine dose in depicting pulmonary nodules. Iterative reconstruction improved subjective image quality but not performance at low dose levels. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by White and Kazerooni in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G Fletcher
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - David L Levin
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Anne-Marie G Sykes
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Rebecca M Lindell
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Darin B White
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Ronald S Kuzo
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Vighnesh Suresh
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Lifeng Yu
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Shuai Leng
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - David R Holmes
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Akitoshi Inoue
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Matthew P Johnson
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Rickey E Carter
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
| | - Cynthia H McCollough
- From the Department of Radiology (J.G.F., D.L.L., A.M.G.S., R.M.L., D.B.W., R.S.K., V.S., L.Y., S.L., A.I., C.H.M.), Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (D.R.H.), and Department of Health Science Research (M.P.J.), Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.E.C.)
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Yu KH, Lee TLM, Yen MH, Kou SC, Rosen B, Chiang JH, Kohane IS. Reproducible Machine Learning Methods for Lung Cancer Detection Using Computed Tomography Images: Algorithm Development and Validation. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e16709. [PMID: 32755895 PMCID: PMC7439139 DOI: 10.2196/16709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chest computed tomography (CT) is crucial for the detection of lung cancer, and many automated CT evaluation methods have been proposed. Due to the divergent software dependencies of the reported approaches, the developed methods are rarely compared or reproduced. OBJECTIVE The goal of the research was to generate reproducible machine learning modules for lung cancer detection and compare the approaches and performances of the award-winning algorithms developed in the Kaggle Data Science Bowl. METHODS We obtained the source codes of all award-winning solutions of the Kaggle Data Science Bowl Challenge, where participants developed automated CT evaluation methods to detect lung cancer (training set n=1397, public test set n=198, final test set n=506). The performance of the algorithms was evaluated by the log-loss function, and the Spearman correlation coefficient of the performance in the public and final test sets was computed. RESULTS Most solutions implemented distinct image preprocessing, segmentation, and classification modules. Variants of U-Net, VGGNet, and residual net were commonly used in nodule segmentation, and transfer learning was used in most of the classification algorithms. Substantial performance variations in the public and final test sets were observed (Spearman correlation coefficient = .39 among the top 10 teams). To ensure the reproducibility of results, we generated a Docker container for each of the top solutions. CONCLUSIONS We compared the award-winning algorithms for lung cancer detection and generated reproducible Docker images for the top solutions. Although convolutional neural networks achieved decent accuracy, there is plenty of room for improvement regarding model generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hsing Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Ming-Hsuan Yen
- Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S C Kou
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Bruce Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jung-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Isaac S Kohane
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States
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Liew CJY, Leong LCH, Teo LLS, Ong CC, Cheah FK, Tham WP, Salahudeen HMM, Lee CH, Kaw GJL, Tee AKH, Tsou IYY, Tay KH, Quah R, Tan BP, Chou H, Tan D, Poh ACC, Tan AGS. A practical and adaptive approach to lung cancer screening: a review of international evidence and position on CT lung cancer screening in the Singaporean population by the College of Radiologists Singapore. Singapore Med J 2020; 60:554-559. [PMID: 31781779 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2019145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death around the world, being the top cause of cancer-related deaths among men and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Singapore. Currently, no screening programme for lung cancer exists in Singapore. Since there is mounting evidence indicating a different epidemiology of lung cancer in Asian countries, including Singapore, compared to the rest of the world, a unique and adaptive approach must be taken for a screening programme to be successful at reducing mortality while maintaining cost-effectiveness and a favourable risk-benefit ratio. This review article promotes the use of low-dose computed tomography of the chest and explores the radiological challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lynette Li San Teo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ching Ching Ong
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Foong Koon Cheah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Wei Ping Tham
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Chau Hung Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Augustine Kim Huat Tee
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ian Yu Yan Tsou
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kiang Hiong Tay
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Raymond Quah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Farrer Park Hospital, Singapore
| | - Bien Peng Tan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hong Chou
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Daniel Tan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Oncology, Farrer Park Hospital, Singapore
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Efficiency of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system with deep learning in detection of pulmonary nodules on 1-mm-thick images of computed tomography. Jpn J Radiol 2020; 38:1052-1061. [PMID: 32592003 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-020-01009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system at detecting pulmonary nodules on CT by comparing radiologists' readings with and without CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 chest CT images were randomly selected from patients with suspected lung cancer. The gold standard of nodules ≥ 3 mm was established by a panel of three expert radiologists. Two less experienced radiologists read the images without and afterward with CAD system. Their reading times were recorded. RESULTS The radiologists' sensitivity increased from 20.9% to 38.0% with the introduction of CAD. The positive predictive value (PPV) decreased from 70.5% to 61.8%, and the F1-score increased from 32.2% to 47.0%. The sensitivity significantly increased from 13.7% to 32.4% for small nodules (3-6 mm) and from 33.3% to 47.6% for medium nodules (6-10 mm). CAD alone showed a sensitivity of 70.3%, a PPV of 57.9%, and an F1-score of 63.5%. Reading time decreased by 11.3% with the use of CAD. CONCLUSION CAD improved the less experienced radiologists' sensitivity in detecting pulmonary nodules of all sizes, especially including a significant improvement in the detection of clinically important-sized medium nodules (6-10 mm) as well as small nodules (3-6 mm) and reduced their reading time.
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Wood DE, Kazerooni EA, Baum SL, Eapen GA, Ettinger DS, Hou L, Jackman DM, Klippenstein D, Kumar R, Lackner RP, Leard LE, Lennes IT, Leung ANC, Makani SS, Massion PP, Mazzone P, Merritt RE, Meyers BF, Midthun DE, Pipavath S, Pratt C, Reddy C, Reid ME, Rotter AJ, Sachs PB, Schabath MB, Schiebler ML, Tong BC, Travis WD, Wei B, Yang SC, Gregory KM, Hughes M. Lung Cancer Screening, Version 3.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2019; 16:412-441. [PMID: 29632061 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States and worldwide. Early detection of lung cancer is an important opportunity for decreasing mortality. Data support using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of the chest to screen select patients who are at high risk for lung cancer. Lung screening is covered under the Affordable Care Act for individuals with high-risk factors. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) covers annual screening LDCT for appropriate Medicare beneficiaries at high risk for lung cancer if they also receive counseling and participate in shared decision-making before screening. The complete version of the NCCN Guidelines for Lung Cancer Screening provides recommendations for initial and subsequent LDCT screening and provides more detail about LDCT screening. This manuscript focuses on identifying patients at high risk for lung cancer who are candidates for LDCT of the chest and on evaluating initial screening findings.
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Integrating manual diagnosis into radiomics for reducing the false positive rate of 18F-FDG PET/CT diagnosis in patients with suspected lung cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2770-2779. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Allen BC, Florez E, Sirous R, Lirette ST, Griswold M, Remer EM, Wang ZJ, Bieszczad JE, Cox KL, Goenka AH, Howard-Claudio CM, Kang HC, Nandwana SB, Sanyal R, Shinagare AB, Henegan JC, Storrs J, Davenport MS, Ganeshan B, Vasanji A, Rini B, Smith AD. Comparative Effectiveness of Tumor Response Assessment Methods: Standard of Care Versus Computer-Assisted Response Evaluation. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2019; 1:1-16. [PMID: 30657391 DOI: 10.1200/cci.17.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of metastatic tumor response evaluation with computed tomography using computer-assisted versus manual methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study, 11 readers from 10 different institutions independently categorized tumor response according to three different therapeutic response criteria by using paired baseline and initial post-therapy computed tomography studies from 20 randomly selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who were treated with sunitinib as part of a completed phase III multi-institutional study. Images were evaluated with a manual tumor response evaluation method (standard of care) and with computer-assisted response evaluation (CARE) that included stepwise guidance, interactive error identification and correction methods, automated tumor metric extraction, calculations, response categorization, and data and image archiving. A crossover design, patient randomization, and 2-week washout period were used to reduce recall bias. Comparative effectiveness metrics included error rate and mean patient evaluation time. RESULTS The standard-of-care method, on average, was associated with one or more errors in 30.5% (6.1 of 20) of patients, whereas CARE had a 0.0% (0.0 of 20) error rate ( P < .001). The most common errors were related to data transfer and arithmetic calculation. In patients with errors, the median number of error types was 1 (range, 1 to 3). Mean patient evaluation time with CARE was twice as fast as the standard-of-care method (6.4 minutes v 13.1 minutes; P < .001). CONCLUSION CARE reduced errors and time of evaluation, which indicated better overall effectiveness than manual tumor response evaluation methods that are the current standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Allen
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Florez
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Sirous
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Seth T Lirette
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Griswold
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erick M Remer
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhen J Wang
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob E Bieszczad
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly L Cox
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ajit H Goenka
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Candace M Howard-Claudio
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hyunseon C Kang
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sadhna B Nandwana
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rupan Sanyal
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Atul B Shinagare
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Clark Henegan
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judd Storrs
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew S Davenport
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Balaji Ganeshan
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amit Vasanji
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Rini
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Smith
- Brian C. Allen, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Edward Florez, Reza Sirous, Seth T. Lirette, Michael Griswold, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, J. Clark Henegan, Judd Storrs, and Andrew D. Smith, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Erick M. Remer and Brian Rini, The Cleveland Clinic; Amit Vasanji, ImageIQ, Cleveland; Jacob E. Bieszczad, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH; Zhen J. Wang, University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA; Kelly L. Cox and Sadhna B. Nandwana, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Ajit H. Goenka, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Hyunseon C. Kang, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Rupan Sanyal, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL; Atul B. Shinagare, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Matthew S. Davenport, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; and Balaji Ganeshan, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
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Winkels M, Cohen TS. Pulmonary nodule detection in CT scans with equivariant CNNs. Med Image Anal 2019; 55:15-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kumar SP, Latte MV. Fully Automated Segmentation of Lung Parenchyma Using Break and Repair Strategy. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/jisys-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The traditional segmentation methods available for pulmonary parenchyma are not accurate because most of the methods exclude nodules or tumors adhering to the lung pleural wall as fat. In this paper, several techniques are exhaustively used in different phases, including two-dimensional (2D) optimal threshold selection and 2D reconstruction for lung parenchyma segmentation. Then, lung parenchyma boundaries are repaired using improved chain code and Bresenham pixel interconnection. The proposed method of segmentation and repairing is fully automated. Here, 21 thoracic computer tomography slices having juxtapleural nodules and 115 lung parenchyma scans are used to verify the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method. Results are compared with the most cited active contour methods. Empirical results show that the proposed fully automated method for segmenting lung parenchyma is more accurate. The proposed method is 100% sensitive to the inclusion of nodules/tumors adhering to the lung pleural wall, the juxtapleural nodule segmentation is >98%, and the lung parenchyma segmentation accuracy is >96%.
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Weber NM, Koo CW, Yu L, Bartholmai BJ, Halaweish AF, McCollough CH, Fletcher JG. Breathe New Life Into Your Chest CT Exams: Using Advanced Acquisition and Postprocessing Techniques. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2019; 48:152-160. [DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yoshida Y, Sakane T, Isogai J, Suzuki Y, Miki S, Nomura Y, Nakajima J. Computer-assisted detection of metastatic lung tumors on computed tomography. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019; 27:199-207. [PMID: 30789307 DOI: 10.1177/0218492319831836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study examined the performance of computer-assisted detection in the identification of pulmonary metastases. METHODS Fifty-five patients (41.8% male) who underwent surgery for metastatic lung tumors in our hospital from 2005 to 2012 were included. Computer-assisted detection software configured to display the top five nodule candidates according to likelihood was applied as the first reader for the preoperative computed tomography images. Results from the software were classified as "metastatic nodule", "benign nodule", or "false-positive finding" by two observers. RESULTS Computer-assisted detection identified 85.3% (64/75) of pulmonary metastases that radiologists had detected, and 3 more (4%, 3/75) that radiologists had overlooked. Nodule candidates identified by computer-assisted detection included 86 benign nodules (median size 3.1 mm, range 1.2-18.7 mm) and 121 false-positive findings. CONCLUSIONS Computer-assisted detection identified pulmonary metastases overlooked by radiologists. However, this was at the cost of identifying a substantial number of benign nodules and false-positive findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoya Sakane
- 2 Department of Radiology, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Isogai
- 2 Department of Radiology, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Suzuki
- 3 Department of Pathology, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Soichiro Miki
- 4 Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nomura
- 4 Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- 5 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang K, Zeng Z, Peng H, Jiang Y. Attitudes Of Chinese Cancer Patients Toward The Clinical Use Of Artificial Intelligence. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:1867-1875. [PMID: 31802856 PMCID: PMC6830378 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s225952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a substantial role in many domains, including medical fields. However, we still lack evidence to support whether or not cancer patients will accept the clinical use of AI. This research aims to assess the attitudes of Chinese cancer patients toward the clinical use of artificial intelligence in medicine (AIM), and to analyze the possible influencing factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS A questionnaire was delivered to 527 participants. Targeted people were Chinese cancer patients who were informed of their cancer diagnosis. RESULTS The effective response rate was 76.3% (402/527). Most cancer patients trusted AIMs in both stages of diagnosis and treatment, and participants who had heard of AIMs were more likely to trust them in the diagnosis phase. When an AIM's diagnosis diverged from a human doctor' s, ethnic minorities, and those who had received traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), had never received chemotherapy, were more likely to choose "AIM", and when an AIM's therapeutic advice diverged from a human doctor's, male participants, and those who had received TCM or surgery, were more likely to choose "AIM". CONCLUSION Most Chinese cancer patients believed in the AIM to some extent. Nevertheless, most still thought that oncology physicians were more trustworthy when their opinions diverged. Participants' gender, race, treatment received, and AIM related knowledge might influence their attitudes toward the AIM. Most participants thought AIM would assist oncology physicians in the future, while little really believed that oncology physicians would completely be replaced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Peng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Jiang Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/fax +86 28 85423278 Email
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van Beek EJR, Murchison JT. Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Assisted Evaluation of Chest Pathology. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94878-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Li L, Liu Z, Huang H, Lin M, Luo D. Evaluating the performance of a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (DL-CAD) system for detecting and characterizing lung nodules: Comparison with the performance of double reading by radiologists. Thorac Cancer 2018; 10:183-192. [PMID: 30536611 PMCID: PMC6360226 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a state‐of‐the‐art commercial deep learning‐based computer‐aided diagnosis (DL‐CAD) system for detecting and characterizing pulmonary nodules. Methods Pulmonary nodules in 346 healthy subjects (male: female = 221:125, mean age 51 years) from a lung cancer screening program conducted from March to November 2017 were screened using a DL‐CAD system and double reading independently, and their performance in nodule detection and characterization were evaluated. An expert panel combined the results of the DL‐CAD system and double reading as the reference standard. Results The DL‐CAD system showed a higher detection rate than double reading, regardless of nodule size (86.2% vs. 79.2%; P < 0.001): nodules ≥ 5 mm (96.5% vs. 88.0%; P = 0.008); nodules < 5 mm (84.3% vs. 77.5%; P < 0.001). However, the false positive rate (per computed tomography scan) of the DL‐CAD system (1.53, 529/346) was considerably higher than that of double reading (0.13, 44/346; P < 0.001). Regarding nodule characterization, the sensitivity and specificity of the DL‐CAD system for distinguishing solid nodules > 5 mm (90.3% and 100.0%, respectively) and ground‐glass nodules (100.0% and 96.1%, respectively) were close to that of double reading, but dropped to 55.5% and 93%, respectively, when discriminating part solid nodules. Conclusion Our DL‐CAD system detected significantly more nodules than double reading. In the future, false positive findings should be further reduced and characterization accuracy improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meng Lin
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dehong Luo
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Radiologist performance in the detection of lung cancer using CT. Clin Radiol 2018; 74:67-75. [PMID: 30470412 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To measure the level of radiologists' performance in lung cancer detection, and to explore radiologists' performance in cancer specialised and non-specialised centres. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty radiologists read 60 chest computed tomography (CT) examinations. Thirty cases had surgically or biopsy-proven lung cancer and 30 were cancer-free cases. The cancer cases were validated by four expert radiologists who located the malignant lung nodules. Reader performance was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, location sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). In addition, sensitivity at fixed specificity (0.794) was computed from each reader's estimated ROC curve. RESULTS The radiologists had a mean sensitivity of 0.749, sensitivity at fixed specificity of 0.744, location sensitivity of 0.666, specificity of 0.81 and AUC of 0.846. Radiologists in the specialised and non-specialised cancer centres had the following (specialised, non-specialised) pairs of values: sensitivity=(0.80, 0.719); sensitivity for fixed 0.794 specificity=(0.752, 0.740); location sensitivity=(0.712, 0.637); specificity=(0.794, 0.82) and AUC=(0.846, 0.846). CONCLUSION The efficacy of radiologists was comparable to other studies. Furthermore, AUC outcomes were similar for specialised and non-specialised cancer centre radiologists, suggesting they have similar discriminatory ability and that the higher sensitivity and lower specificity for specialised-centre radiologists can be attributed to them being less conservative in interpreting case images.
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Dandıl E. A Computer-Aided Pipeline for Automatic Lung Cancer Classification on Computed Tomography Scans. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2018; 2018:9409267. [PMID: 30515286 PMCID: PMC6236771 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9409267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer types. For the survival of the patient, early detection of lung cancer with the best treatment method is crucial. In this study, we propose a novel computer-aided pipeline on computed tomography (CT) scans for early diagnosis of lung cancer thanks to the classification of benign and malignant nodules. The proposed pipeline is composed of four stages. In preprocessing steps, CT images are enhanced, and lung volumes are extracted from the image with the help of a novel method called lung volume extraction method (LUVEM). The significance of the proposed pipeline is using LUVEM for extracting lung region. In nodule detection stage, candidate nodules are determined according to the circular Hough transform- (CHT-) based method. Then, lung nodules are segmented with self-organizing maps (SOM). In feature computation stage, intensity, shape, texture, energy, and combined features are used for feature extraction, and principal component analysis (PCA) is used for feature reduction step. In the final stage, probabilistic neural network (PNN) classifies benign and malign nodules. According to the experiments performed on our dataset, the proposed pipeline system can classify benign and malign nodules with 95.91% accuracy, 97.42% sensitivity, and 94.24% specificity. Even in cases of small-sized nodules (3-10 mm), the proposed system can determine the nodule type with 94.68% accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Dandıl
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Gulumbe Campus, 11210 Bilecik, Turkey
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Prospective Pilot Evaluation of Radiologists and Computer-aided Pulmonary Nodule Detection on Ultra–low-Dose CT With Tin Filtration. J Thorac Imaging 2018; 33:396-401. [DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Aissa J, Schaarschmidt BM, Below J, Bethge OT, Böven J, Sawicki LM, Hoff NP, Kröpil P, Antoch G, Boos J. Performance and clinical impact of machine learning based lung nodule detection using vessel suppression in melanoma patients. Clin Imaging 2018; 52:328-333. [PMID: 30236779 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate performance and the clinical impact of a novel machine learning based vessel-suppressing computer-aided detection (CAD) software in chest computed tomography (CT) of patients with malignant melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively included consecutive malignant melanoma patients with a chest CT between 01/2015 and 01/2016. Machine learning based CAD software was used to reconstruct additional vessel-suppressed axial images. Three radiologists independently reviewed a maximum of 15 lung nodules per patient. Vessel-suppressed reconstructions were reviewed independently and results were compared. Follow-up CT examinations and clinical follow-up were used to assess the outcome. Impact of additional nodules on clinical management was assessed. RESULTS In 46 patients, vessel-suppressed axial images led to the detection of additional nodules in 25/46 (54.3%) patients. CT or clinical follow up was available in 25/25 (100%) patients with additionally detected nodules. 2/25 (8%) of these patients developed new pulmonary metastases. None of the additionally detected nodules were found to be metastases. None of the lung nodules detected by the radiologists was missed by the CAD software. The mean diameter of the 92 additional nodules was 1.5 ± 0.8 mm. The additional nodules did not affect therapeutic management. However, in 14/46 (30.4%) of patients the additional nodules might have had an impact on the radiological follow-up recommendations. CONCLUSION Machine learning based vessel suppression led to the detection of significantly more lung nodules in melanoma patients. Radiological follow-up recommendations were altered in 30% of the patients. However, all lung nodules turned out to be non-malignant on follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Aissa
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany.
| | | | - Janina Below
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Clinic of Dermatology, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Th Bethge
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
| | - Judith Böven
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
| | - Lino Morris Sawicki
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
| | - Norman-Philipp Hoff
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Clinic of Dermatology, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Patric Kröpil
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
| | - Gerald Antoch
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
| | - Johannes Boos
- University Dusseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Germany
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Smith TB, Rubin GD, Solomon J, Harrawood B, Choudhury KR, Samei E. Local complexity metrics to quantify the effect of anatomical noise on detectability of lung nodules in chest CT imaging. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2018; 5:045502. [PMID: 30840750 PMCID: PMC6250496 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.5.4.045502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to (1) develop metrics to characterize the regional anatomical complexity of the lungs, and (2) relate these metrics with lung nodule detection in chest CT. A free-scrolling reader-study with virtually inserted nodules (13 radiologists × 157 total nodules = 2041 responses) is used to characterize human detection performance. Metrics of complexity based on the local density and orientation of distracting vasculature are developed for two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) considerations of the image volume. Assessed characteristics included the distribution of 2-D/3-D vessel structures of differing orientation (dubbed "2-D/3-D and dot-like/line-like distractor indices"), contiguity of inserted nodules with local vasculature, mean local gray-level surrounding each nodule, the proportion of lung voxels to total voxels in each section, and 3-D distance of each nodule from the trachea bifurcation. A generalized linear mixed-effects statistical model is used to determine the influence of each these metrics on nodule detectability. In order of decreasing effect size: 3-D line-like distractor index, 2-D line-like distractor index, 2-D dot-like distractor index, local mean gray-level, contiguity with 2-D dots, lung area, and contiguity with 3-D lines all significantly affect detectability ( P < 0.05 ). These data demonstrate that local lung complexity degrades detection of lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Brunton Smith
- Duke University, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Medical Physics Graduate Program, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Geoffrey D. Rubin
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Justin Solomon
- Duke University, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Medical Physics Graduate Program, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Brian Harrawood
- Duke University, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kingshuk Roy Choudhury
- Duke University, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Ehsan Samei
- Duke University, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Radiology, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Medical Physics Graduate Program, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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A cloud-based computer-aided detection system improves identification of lung nodules on computed tomography scans of patients with extra-thoracic malignancies. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:144-152. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Rastogi A, Maheshwari S, Shinagare AB, Baheti AD. Computed Tomography Advances in Oncoimaging. Semin Roentgenol 2018; 53:147-156. [PMID: 29861006 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashita Rastogi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sharad Maheshwari
- Department of Radiology, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Atul B Shinagare
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Akshay D Baheti
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.
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Vlahos I, Stefanidis K, Sheard S, Nair A, Sayer C, Moser J. Lung cancer screening: nodule identification and characterization. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018; 7:288-303. [PMID: 30050767 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accurate identification and characterization of small pulmonary nodules at low-dose CT is an essential requirement for the implementation of effective lung cancer screening. Individual reader detection performance is influenced by nodule characteristics and technical CT parameters but can be improved by training, the application of CT techniques, and by computer-aided techniques. However, the evaluation of nodule detection in lung cancer screening trials differs from the assessment of individual readers as it incorporates multiple readers, their inter-observer variability, reporting thresholds, and reflects the program accuracy in identifying lung cancer. Understanding detection and interpretation errors in screening trials aids in the implementation of lung cancer screening in clinical practice. Indeed, as CT screening moves to ever lower radiation doses, radiologists must be cognisant of new technical challenges in nodule assessment. Screen detected lung cancers demonstrate distinct morphological features from incidentally or symptomatically detected lung cancers. Hence characterization of screen detected nodules requires an awareness of emerging concepts in early lung cancer appearances and their impact on radiological assessment and malignancy prediction models. Ultimately many nodules remain indeterminate, but further imaging evaluation can be appropriate with judicious utilization of contrast enhanced CT or MRI techniques or functional evaluation by PET-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vlahos
- St George's NHS Foundation Hospitals Trust and School of Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Arjun Nair
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Charles Sayer
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals Trust, Haywards Heath, UK
| | - Joanne Moser
- St George's NHS Foundation Hospitals Trust and School of Medicine, London, UK
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47
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Ability of FDG PET and CT radiomics features to differentiate between primary and metastatic lung lesions. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 45:1649-1660. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-3987-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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48
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Added value of double reading in diagnostic radiology,a systematic review. Insights Imaging 2018; 9:287-301. [PMID: 29594850 PMCID: PMC5990995 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-018-0599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Double reading in diagnostic radiology can find discrepancies in the original report, but a systematic program of double reading is resource consuming. There are conflicting opinions on the value of double reading. The purpose of the current study was to perform a systematic review on the value of double reading. Methods A systematic review was performed to find studies calculating the rate of misses and overcalls with the aim of establishing the added value of double reading by human observers. Results The literature search resulted in 1610 hits. After abstract and full-text reading, 46 articles were selected for analysis. The rate of discrepancy varied from 0.4 to 22% depending on study setting. Double reading by a sub-specialist, in general, led to high rates of changed reports. Conclusions The systematic review found rather low discrepancy rates. The benefit of double reading must be balanced by the considerable number of working hours a systematic double-reading scheme requires. A more profitable scheme might be to use systematic double reading for selected, high-risk examination types. A second conclusion is that there seems to be a value of sub-specialisation for increased report quality. A consequent implementation of this would have far-reaching organisational effects. Key Points • In double reading, two or more radiologists read the same images. • A systematic literature review was performed. • The discrepancy rates varied from 0.4 to 22% in various studies. • Double reading by sub-specialists found high discrepancy rates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13244-018-0599-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users.
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Verhagen MV, Smets AMJB, van Schuppen J, Deurloo EE, Schaefer-Prokop C. The impact of reconstruction techniques on observer performance for the detection and characterization of small pulmonary nodules in chest CT of children under 13 years. Eur J Radiol 2018; 100:142-146. [PMID: 29496073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare three different reconstruction techniques of CT data for the detection of pulmonary nodules in children under 13 years. Secondly to assess the prevalence of perifissural nodular opacities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of chest CTs of 31 children (median age 6.9 years, range 2.1-12.7), of whom 17 had known extra-thoracic malignancies. Four observers assessed three techniques for the presence of nodules: axial 5 mm maximum intensity projections (MIPs) used in conjunction with 1 mm slices (mode A), 1 mm slices alone (mode B) and 3 mm slices (mode C). All modes were available in 3D. Per mode sensitivities were determined above a certain threshold of reader agreement. Confidence level and reader agreement for identification of an opacity as nodule served as surrogate for quality of nodule characterization. RESULTS 103 nodules (median size 2.0 mm) were detected. Mode A yielded the highest interreader agreement (κ 0.336) and a superior sensitivity (71%, p = 0.003) compared to mode B and C (κ 0.218, sensitivity 57% and κ 0.247, sensitivity 56%, respectively). Mode B provided the highest confidence level and interreader agreement with respect to nodule identification (mean 4.3/5, κw 0.508). Double reading improved and evened interreader agreement for all modes (κ 0.450), mode A maintained the highest sensitivity (89.1%, p = 0.05-0.08). A median of 1 intrapulmonary lymph node/patient was seen in children with and without malignancy. CONCLUSION MIP improves the detection of pulmonary nodules in chest CTs of children, but overall interreader agreement is only fair. Double reading represents a powerful tool to increase diagnostic reliability in chest CTs of children with a malignancy. Nodule characterization is best with 1 mm slices. Intrapulmonary lymph nodes occur in children with and without malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn V Verhagen
- Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
| | - Anne M J B Smets
- Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
| | - Joost van Schuppen
- Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
| | - Eline E Deurloo
- Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, Netherlands.
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50
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Gupta A, Saar T, Martens O, Moullec YL. Automatic detection of multisize pulmonary nodules in CT images: Large-scale validation of the false-positive reduction step. Med Phys 2018; 45:1135-1149. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Gupta
- Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics; Tallinn University of Technology; Tallinn 19086 Estonia
| | - Tonis Saar
- Eliko Tehnoloogia Arenduskeskus OÜ; Tallinn 12618 and OÜ Tallinn 10143 Estonia
| | - Olev Martens
- Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics; Tallinn University of Technology; Tallinn 19086 Estonia
| | - Yannick Le Moullec
- Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics; Tallinn University of Technology; Tallinn 19086 Estonia
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