1
|
Zhang C, Xiao W, Wang H, Li L, Yang Y, Hao Y, Xu Z, Chen H, Nan W. Exosomes Derived from Mouse Breast Carcinoma Cells Facilitate Diabetic Wound Healing. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:571-586. [PMID: 38472732 PMCID: PMC11087414 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes derived from breast cancer have been reported to play a role in promoting cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, which has the potential to accelerate the healing process of diabetic wounds. The aim of this investigation was to examine the function of exosomes originating from 4T1 mouse breast carcinoma cells (TEXs) in the process of diabetic wound healing. METHODS The assessment of primary mouse skin fibroblasts cell proliferation and migration was conducted through the utilization of CCK-8 and wound healing assays, while the tube formation of HUVECs was evaluated by tube formation assay. High-throughput sequencing, RT-qPCR and cell experiments were used to detect the roles of miR-126a-3p in HUVECs functions in vitro. The in vivo study employed a model of full-thickness excisional wounds in diabetic subjects to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of TEXs. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent techniques were utilized to evaluate histological changes in skin tissues. RESULTS The findings suggested that TEXs facilitate diabetic wound healing through the activation of cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. An upregulation of miR-126a-3p has been observed in TEXs, and it has demonstrated efficient transferability from 4T1 cells to HUVEC cells. The activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway has been attributed to miR-126a-3p derived from TEXs. CONCLUSIONS The promotion of chronic wound healing can be facilitated by TEXs through the activation of cellular migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway by miR-126a-3p originating from TEXs has been discovered, indicating a potential avenue for enhancing the regenerative capabilities of wounds treated with TEXs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Wenchi Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Linxiao Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yongwei Hao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Wenbin Nan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Nano Biomedical Materials Research Center, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jain N, Goyal Y, Dunagin MC, Cote CJ, Mellis IA, Emert B, Jiang CL, Dardani IP, Reffsin S, Arnett M, Yang W, Raj A. Retrospective identification of cell-intrinsic factors that mark pluripotency potential in rare somatic cells. Cell Syst 2024; 15:109-133.e10. [PMID: 38335955 PMCID: PMC10940218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotency can be induced in somatic cells by the expression of OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and MYC. Usually only a rare subset of cells reprogram, and the molecular characteristics of this subset remain unknown. We apply retrospective clone tracing to identify and characterize the rare human fibroblasts primed for reprogramming. These fibroblasts showed markers of increased cell cycle speed and decreased fibroblast activation. Knockdown of a fibroblast activation factor identified by our analysis increased the reprogramming efficiency. We provide evidence for a unified model in which cells can move into and out of the primed state over time, explaining how reprogramming appears deterministic at short timescales and stochastic at long timescales. Furthermore, inhibiting the activity of LSD1 enlarged the pool of cells that were primed for reprogramming. Thus, even homogeneous cell populations can exhibit heritable molecular variability that can dictate whether individual rare cells will reprogram or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Jain
- Genetics and Epigenetics Program, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Margaret C Dunagin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher J Cote
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian A Mellis
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin Emert
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Connie L Jiang
- Genetics and Epigenetics Program, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian P Dardani
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sam Reffsin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Miles Arnett
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenli Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arjun Raj
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
李 京, 李 凡, 牛 璐, 安 斌, 成 晓, 刘 媛, 王 金. [Smeglutide inhibits high glucose-induced proliferation of myocardial fibroblasts by downregulating TGFβ/Smad3 signaling]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1935-1940. [PMID: 38081612 PMCID: PMC10713456 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of semaglutide on high glucose-induced proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and explore its possible mechanism. METHODS Primary mouse CFs, identified by detecting vimentin expression, were stimulated with 25 mmol/L and treated with 5-20 nmol/L semaglutide, and the cell proliferation was examined with CKK-8 assay for concentration screening.Cultured CFs exposed to high glucose (25 mmol/L) were treated with 5 nmol/L semaglutide, and the changes in cell cycle were detected using Cell Cycle Staining Kit; The mRNA expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and Smad3 were detected using RT-qPCR, and the levels of type Ⅰ collagen (CoLⅠ) and type Ⅲ collagen (CoLIII) in the cell cultures were determined with ELISA. RESULTS Compared with the control cells, the CFs cultured in high glucose exhibited significantly enhanced proliferative activity (P<0.05) with increased percentage of S-phase cells.Semagutide treatment obviously inhibited high glucose-induced proliferation of the CFs (P<0.05) and reduced the percentage of S-phase cells.High glucose stimulation significantly increased the mRNA expressions of α-SMA, CoL Ⅰ and CoLIII in the cells (P<0.01), which were effectively lowered by semaglutide treatment (P<0.01).The expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3 were significantly increased in high glucose-stimulated CFs (P<0.01) and were lowered by semaglutide treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Semaglutide can inhibit high glucose-induced proliferation and collagen synthesis in mouse CFs possibly by downregulating the TGFβ/Smad3 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 京娟 李
- 甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州 730000First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 凡凡 李
- 甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州 730000First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 璐 牛
- 甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州 730000First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 斌斌 安
- 甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州 730000First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 晓琼 成
- 甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃 兰州 730000First Clinical Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 媛媛 刘
- 甘肃省人民医院内分泌科,甘肃 兰州 730000Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - 金羊 王
- 甘肃省人民医院内分泌科,甘肃 兰州 730000Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Q, Xie Z. GAS5 silencing attenuates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes injury by targeting miR-21/PTEN. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e945. [PMID: 37506155 PMCID: PMC10373574 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myocardial hypoxia is an important factor causing myocardial infarction (MI). Interestingly, many unknown factors in the molecular mechanism of MI remain unclear. Our study explored the role of lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) in cell injury under hypoxia. METHODS AS5 expression was assessed in MI and human cardiomyocytes under hypoxia through RT-qPCR assay. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, flow cytometry assay, and transwell assay was carried out for cell viability, cell apoptosis, cell migration, and invasion, respectively. The regulatory target of GAS5 was explored through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Our findings indicated that the upregulation of GAS5 was related to hypoxia. Downregulation of GAS5 expression could decrease hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis and increase cell migration and invasion. Moreover, GAS 5 targeted miR-21, which regulated the phosphatase and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten gene (PTEN) expression. Furthermore, the knockdown of miR-21 eliminated the effect of GAS5 silencing on cell injury. CONCLUSION These results indicated that lncRNA GAS5 silencing decreased cardiomyocyte injury by hypoxia-induced through regulating miR-21/PTEN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baudo G, Wu S, Massaro M, Liu H, Lee H, Zhang A, Hamilton DJ, Blanco E. Polymer-Functionalized Mitochondrial Transplantation to Fibroblasts Counteracts a Pro-Fibrotic Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10913. [PMID: 37446100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) leads to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition-a well-known hallmark of fibrotic disease. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the primary cytokine driving FMT, and this phenotypic conversion is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, notably a metabolic reprogramming towards enhanced glycolysis. The objective of this study was to examine whether the establishment of favorable metabolic phenotypes in TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts could attenuate FMT. The hypothesis was that mitochondrial replenishment of TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts would counteract a shift towards glycolytic metabolism, consequently offsetting pro-fibrotic processes. Isolated mitochondria, functionalized with a dextran and triphenylphosphonium (TPP) (Dex-TPP) polymer conjugate, were administered to fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) stimulated with TGF-β, and effects on bioenergetics and fibrotic programming were subsequently examined. Results demonstrate that TGF-β stimulation of fibroblasts led to FMT, which was associated with enhanced glycolysis. Dex-TPP-coated mitochondria (Dex-TPP/Mt) delivery to TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts abrogated a metabolic shift towards glycolysis and led to a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Importantly, TGF-β-stimulated fibroblasts treated with Dex-TPP/Mt had lessened expression of FMT markers and ECM proteins, as well as reduced migration and proliferation. Findings highlight the potential of mitochondrial transfer, as well as other strategies involving functional reinforcement of mitochondria, as viable therapeutic modalities in fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gherardo Baudo
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Suhong Wu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matteo Massaro
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyunho Lee
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dale J Hamilton
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elvin Blanco
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Chen D, Xie H, Zhou S, Jia M, He X, Guo F, Lai Y, Tang XX. LncRNA GAS5 suppresses TGF-β1-induced transformation of pulmonary pericytes into myofibroblasts by recruiting KDM5B and promoting H3K4me2/3 demethylation of the PDGFRα/β promoter. Mol Med 2023; 29:32. [PMID: 36918759 PMCID: PMC10015786 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition that may cause persistent pulmonary damage. The transformation of pericytes into myofibroblasts has been recognized as a key player during IPF progression. This study aimed to investigate the functions of lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in myofibroblast transformation during IPF progression. METHODS We created a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) via intratracheal administration of bleomycin. Pericytes were challenged with exogenous transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). To determine the expression of target molecules, we employed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. The pathological changes in the lungs were evaluated via H&E and Masson staining. Furthermore, the subcellular distribution of GAS5 was examined using FISH. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, RNA pull-down, and RIP experiments were conducted to determine the molecular interaction. RESULTS GAS5 expression decreased whereas PDGFRα/β expression increased in the lungs of IPF patients and mice with bleomycin-induced PF. The in vitro overexpression of GAS5 or silencing of PDGFRα/β inhibited the TGF-β1-induced differentiation of pericytes to myofibroblasts, as evidenced by the upregulation of pericyte markers NG2 and desmin as well as downregulation of myofibroblast markers α-SMA and collagen I. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that GAS5 recruited KDM5B to promote H3K4me2/3 demethylation, thereby suppressing PDGFRα/β expression. In addition, KDM5B overexpression inhibited pericyte-myofibroblast transformation and counteracted the promotional effect of GAS5 knockdown on pericyte-myofibroblast transformation. Lung fibrosis in mice was attenuated by GAS5 overexpression but promoted by GAS5 deficiency. CONCLUSION GAS5 represses pericyte-myofibroblast transformation by inhibiting PDGFRα/β expression via KDM5B-mediated H3K4me2/3 demethylation in IPF, identifying GAS5 as an intervention target for IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Diyu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwang Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihuan Lai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 195 Dongfeng West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Long Non-Coding RNAs in Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:561-574. [PMID: 35226226 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic optic neuropathy or other neurodegenerative diseases, including optic nerve transection, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy, can lead to progressive and irreversible visual damage. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which belong to the family of non-protein-coding transcripts, have been linked to the pathogenesis, progression, and prognosis of these lesions. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are critical for the transmission of visual information to the brain, damage to which results in visual loss. Apoptosis has been identified as one of the most essential modes of RGC death. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs can regulate RGC degeneration by directly or indirectly modulating apoptosis-associated signaling pathways. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the role of lncRNAs in RGC apoptosis at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels, emphasizing on the potential mechanisms of action. The current limitations and future perspectives of exploring the connection between lncRNAs and RGC apoptosis have been summarized. Understanding the intricate molecular interaction network of lncRNAs and RGC apoptosis will open new avenues for the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and molecules for prognostic evaluation of diseases related to RGC injury.
Collapse
|
8
|
Jain N, Goyal Y, Dunagin MC, Cote CJ, Mellis IA, Emert B, Jiang CL, Dardani IP, Reffsin S, Raj A. Retrospective identification of intrinsic factors that mark pluripotency potential in rare somatic cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.527870. [PMID: 36798299 PMCID: PMC9934612 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.527870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotency can be induced in somatic cells by the expression of the four "Yamanaka" factors OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and MYC. However, even in homogeneous conditions, usually only a rare subset of cells admit reprogramming, and the molecular characteristics of this subset remain unknown. Here, we apply retrospective clone tracing to identify and characterize the individual human fibroblast cells that are primed for reprogramming. These fibroblasts showed markers of increased cell cycle speed and decreased fibroblast activation. Knockdown of a fibroblast activation factor identified by our analysis led to increased reprogramming efficiency, identifying it as a barrier to reprogramming. Changing the frequency of reprogramming by inhibiting the activity of LSD1 led to an enlarging of the pool of cells that were primed for reprogramming. Our results show that even homogeneous cell populations can exhibit heritable molecular variability that can dictate whether individual rare cells will reprogram or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Jain
- Genetics and Epigenetics Program, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Margaret C Dunagin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J Cote
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian A Mellis
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Emert
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Connie L Jiang
- Genetics and Epigenetics Program, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian P Dardani
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sam Reffsin
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arjun Raj
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Function and Therapeutic Potential of lncRNAs in Cardiac Fibrosis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020154. [PMID: 36829433 PMCID: PMC9952806 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis remains an unresolved problem in cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis of the myocardium plays a key role in the clinical outcomes of patients with heart injuries. Moderate fibrosis is favorable for cardiac structure maintaining and contractile force transmission, whereas adverse fibrosis generally progresses to ventricular remodeling and cardiac systolic or diastolic dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms involved in these processes are multifactorial and complex. Several molecular mechanisms, such as TGF-β signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation, and non-coding RNAs, positively or negatively regulate myocardial fibrosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant mediators in gene regulation in cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are crucial in genetic programming and gene expression during myocardial fibrosis. We summarize the function of lncRNAs in cardiac fibrosis and their contributions to miRNA expression, TGF-β signaling, and ECMs synthesis, with a particular attention on the exosome-derived lncRNAs in the regulation of adverse fibrosis as well as the mode of action of lncRNAs secreted into exosomes. We also discuss how the current knowledge on lncRNAs can be applied to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Zhou Y, Wen D, Wang J. Noncoding RNAs: Master Regulator of Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition in Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1801. [PMID: 36675315 PMCID: PMC9861037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts escape apoptosis and proliferate abnormally under pathological conditions, especially fibrosis; they synthesize and secrete a large amount of extracellular matrix (ECM), such as α-SMA and collagen, which leads to the distortion of organ parenchyma structure, an imbalance in collagen deposition and degradation, and the replacement of parenchymal cells by fibrous connective tissues. Fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT) is considered to be the main source of myofibroblasts. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the influencing factors regulating the process of FMT for the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of FMT-related diseases. In recent years, non-coding RNAs, including microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have attracted extensive attention from scientists due to their powerful regulatory functions, and they have been found to play a vital role in regulating FMT. In this review, we summarized ncRNAs which regulate FMT during fibrosis and found that they mainly regulated signaling pathways, including TGF-β/Smad, MAPK/P38/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT, and WNT/β-catenin. Furthermore, the expression of downstream transcription factors can be promoted or inhibited, indicating that ncRNAs have the potential to be a new therapeutic target for FMT-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha 410000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nassar SZ, Abdelmonsif DA, Ali RG, Badae NM. Sodium hydrosulfide and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells combined therapy for bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats: Implication of micro RNA-21 and Lnc GAS5. Life Sci 2022; 309:120988. [PMID: 36155181 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is considered as an end stage for many lung diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as regenerative therapy have become a remarkably valuable therapeutic strategy in different diseases. Hydrogen sulfide has been recently introduced into the medical field for its antifibrotic properties in addition to enhancement of MSC stemness and function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of BM-MSC in combination with NaHS to attenuate Bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis was studied in rats. A special emphasis was given to miR-21 and GAS5 as important players in the development of PF. MAIN METHODS PF was induced in 32 Wistar male rats by single endotracheal injection of bleomycin, those were randomly divided into four groups (8 rats each): (untreated PF group) - (PF + MSC) treated group- (PF + NaHS treated group) - PF + combined (NAHS + MSC) treated group. KEY FINDINGS Induction of PF was associated with increased miR-21 and decreased lncRNA-GAS5 expression. Treatment with either NaHS or BM-MSC leads to an inhibitory effect on pulmonary fibrosis as evidenced by improvement of histopathological studies, pulmonary function tests, reduction of inflammatory and fibrotic markers like Hydroxyproline, TNF α, TGF-β and caspase -3 together with downregulation miR-21 and increase lncRNA-GAS5 expression. SIGNIFICANCE The current work revealed the inhibitory effect of combined NaHS and BM-MSC on pulmonary fibrosis with concomitant modulation of miR-21 and lncRNA-GAS5 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seham Z Nassar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Abdelmonsif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine Labs, Centre of Excellence for Regenerative Medicine Research & Applications, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Gaber Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Mohamed Badae
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Long noncoding RNA GAS5 attenuates cigarette smoke-induced airway remodeling by regulating miR-217-5p/PTEN axis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:931-939. [PMID: 35880572 PMCID: PMC9828483 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a remarkable pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and long noncoding RNAs have been demonstrated to participate in COPD development and pathogenesis. Here, we investigate the role of long noncoding RNA GAS5 in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway remodeling. GAS5 expression is significantly lower in lung tissues of CS-exposed mice than in tissues of control mice without exposure to CS. Forced GAS5 overexpression suppresses CS-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. GAS5 overexpression also inhibits CS extract-induced inflammatory-cytokine expression and fibroblast activation in vitro. Regarding the mechanism, GAS5 acts as a sponge of miR-217-5p, thereby increasing PTEN expression. MiR-217-5p overexpression and PTEN knockdown separately reverse the inhibitory effects of GAS5 overexpression on the inflammatory-cytokine expression and fibroblast activation. Collectively, these results suggest that GAS5 can suppress airway inflammation and fibroblast activation by regulating miR-217-5p/PTEN axis, which may help develop novel therapeutic strategies against COPD.
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiang Z, Liqing Y, Qingqing Y, Qiang H, Hongbo C. Retard or exacerbate: Role of long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 in the fibrosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 67:89-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Zhao Y, Yan G, Mi J, Wang G, Yu M, Jin D, Tong X, Wang X. The Impact of lncRNA on Diabetic Kidney Disease: Systematic Review and In Silico Analyses. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:8400106. [PMID: 35528328 PMCID: PMC9068318 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8400106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It is necessary to identify the expression of lncRNA from DKD patients through systematic reviews, and then carry out silico analyses to recognize the dysregulated lncRNA and their associated pathways. Methods The study searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, WanFang, VIP, CNKI, and CBM to find lncRNA studies on DKD published before March 1, 2021. Systematic review of the literature on this topic was conducted to determine the expression of lncRNA in DKD and non-DKD controls. For the dysregulated lncRNA in DKD patients, silico analysis was performed, and lncRNA2Target v2.0 and starBase were used to search for potential target genes of lncRNA. The Encyclopedia of Genomics (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed to better identify dysregulated lncRNAs in DKD and determine the associated signal pathways. Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 28 publications meeting the eligibility criteria were included in the systematic evaluation. A total of 3,394 patients were enrolled in this study, including 1,238 patients in DKD group, and 1,223 diabetic patients, and 933 healthy adults in control group. Compared with the control, there were eight lncRNA disorders in DKD patients (MALAT1, GAS5, MIAT, CASC2, NEAT1, NR_033515, ARAP1-AS2, and ARAP1-AS1). In addition, five lncRNAs (MALAT1, GAS5, MIAT, CASC2, and NEAT1) participated in disease-related signal pathways, indicating their role in DKD. Discussion. This study showed that there were eight lncRNAs in DKD that were persistently dysregulated, especially five lncRNAs which were closely related to the disease. Although systematic review included 28 studies that analyzed the expression of lncRNA in DKD-related tissues, the potential of these dysregulated lncRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for DKD remains to be further explored. Trial registration. PROSPERO (CRD42021248634).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guanchi Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Di Jin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Northeast Asian Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ge Z, Yin C, Li Y, Tian D, Xiang Y, Li Q, Tang Y, Zhang Y. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 promotes cardiac fibrosis in heart failure through increased recruitment of EZH2 to the Smad7 promoter region. J Transl Med 2022; 20:7. [PMID: 34980170 PMCID: PMC8722118 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, a well-known major pathological process that ultimately leads to heart failure, has attracted increasing attention and focus in recent years. A large amount of research indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cardiac fibrosis, but little is known about the specific function and mechanism of the lncRNA NEAT1 in the progression of cardiac fibrosis to heart failure. In the present study, we have demonstrated that the lncRNA NEAT1 is upregulated in patients with heart failure. Similarly, the expression of Neat1 was also increased in the left ventricular tissue of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery mice and cardiac fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1. Further, gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments showed that silencing of Neat1 attenuated cardiac fibrosis, while overexpression of Neat1 with adenovirus significantly aggravated the in vitro progression of fibrosis. With regard to the underlying mechanism, our experiments showed that Neat1 recruited EZH2 to the promoter region of Smad7 through physical binding of EZH2 to the promoter region, as a result of which Smad7 expression was inhibited and the progression of cardiac fibrosis was ultimately exacerbated. We found that the introduction of shNeat1 carried by adeno-associated virus-9 significantly ameliorated cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction caused by TAC surgery in mice. Overall, our study findings demonstrate that the lncRNA Neat1 accelerates the progression of cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction by recruiting EZH2 to suppress Smad7 expression. Thus, NEAT1 may serve as a target for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chengye Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingze Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ding Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yin Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qianhui Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yachen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu C, Zhang H, Wei D, Sun Z. Silencing lncRNA GAS5 alleviates apoptosis and fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by targeting miR-26a/b-5p. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:1491-1501. [PMID: 34091757 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNA GAS5 is associated with high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury, but its role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear. METHODS Mice were administered with streptozotocin to construct the diabetic model (DM). Primary mouse cardiomyocytes were isolated and treated with 30 mmol/L high glucose to mimic the diabetic condition in vitro. GAS5 expression was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between GAS5 and miR-26a/b-5p was determined by bioinformatic prediction, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. The cardiac function of diabetic mice was evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiography. RESULTS GAS5 was significantly upregulated in diabetic cardiomyopathy both in vitro and in vivo. GAS5 knockdown and miR-26a/b-5p overexpression not only effectively attenuated myocardial fibrosis of diabetic mice in vivo but also inhibited high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury in vitro. miR-26a/b-5p was identified as a target of GAS5. GAS5 knockdown efficiently attenuated myocardial fibrosis and high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury through negatively regulating miR-26a/b-p. CONCLUSION Our study showed that GAS5 promotes DCM progression by regulating miR-26a/b-5p, suggesting that GAS5 might be a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Function, The First Hospital of Qiqihar & Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar & Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 30 Park Road, Longsha, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Qiqihar & Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qiqihar & Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 30 Park Road, Longsha, Qiqihar, 161005, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mei X, Cui XB, Li Y, Chen SY. CircSOD2: A Novel Regulator for Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Neointima Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2961-2973. [PMID: 34670409 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation contributes to neointima formation following vascular injury. Circular RNA-a novel type of noncoding RNA with closed-loop structure-exhibits cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns. However, the role of circular RNA in SMC proliferation and neointima formation is largely unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of circSOD2 in SMC proliferation and neointima formation. Approach and Results: Circular RNA profiling of human aortic SMCs revealed that PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)-BB up- and downregulated numerous circular RNAs. Among them, circSOD2, derived from back-splicing event of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), was significantly enriched. Knockdown of circSOD2 by short hairpin RNA blocked PDGF-BB-induced SMC proliferation. Inversely, circSOD2 ectopic expression promoted SMC proliferation. Mechanistically, circSOD2 acted as a sponge for miR-206, leading to upregulation of NOTCH3 (notch receptor 3) and NOTCH3 signaling, which regulates cyclin D1 and CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 4/6. In vivo studies showed that circSOD2 was induced in neointima SMCs in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Importantly, knockdown of circSOD2 attenuated injury-induced neointima formation along with decreased neointimal SMC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS CircSOD2 is a novel regulator mediating SMC proliferation and neointima formation following vascular injury. Therefore, circSOD2 could be a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting the development of proliferative vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Mei
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (X.M., S.-Y.C.), University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
| | - Yiran Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics (Y.L.), University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (X.M., S.-Y.C.), University of Georgia, Athens
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bai Y, Liu X, Chen Q, Chen T, Jiang N, Guo Z. Myricetin ameliorates ox-LDL-induced HUVECs apoptosis and inflammation via lncRNA GAS5 upregulating the expression of miR-29a-3p. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19637. [PMID: 34608195 PMCID: PMC8490408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell dysfunction is a significant event in the progression of atherosclerosis. Even Myricetin (Myr) has been exhibited strong antioxidant potency, the effect on atherosclerosis is still elusive. HUVECs were subjected to ox-LDL, before which cells were preconditioned with Myr. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were carried out to assess the impacts of ox-LDL and Myr on HUVECs. The expression of EndMT markers was determined by Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. In addition, the relationship of GAS5 and miR-29a-3p was evaluated by RNA Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Myr preconditioning prevented ox-LDL-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and EndMT. GAS5 was upregulated in response to ox-LDL while it was down-regulated by Myr preconditioning. GAS5 over-expression attenuates Myr protective effects against ox-LDL–mediated HUVEC injury. Besides, miR-29a-3p is a target of GAS5 and down-regulated miR-29a-3p could further reduce the effects of GAS5 in ox-LDL–mediated HUVEC. Furthermore, Myr inactivated the TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway in ox-LDL-treated HUVEC by down-regulating GAS5 or upregulating miR-26a-5p. Myr possessed an anti-inflammatory and anti-EndMT function against ox-LDL-induced HUVEC injury by regulating the GAS5/miR-29a-3p, indicating that Myr may have an important therapeutic function for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Bai
- Chest hospital, Tianjin university, Tianjin, 300222, China.,Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xiankun Liu
- Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Qingliang Chen
- Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Tongyun Chen
- Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Tianjin chest hospital, Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mei X, Chen SY. Circular RNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107991. [PMID: 34592203 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) produce a unique class of biologically active molecules namely circular RNAs (circRNAs) with a covalently closed-loop structure via back-splicing. Because of this unconventional circular form, circRNAs exhibit much higher stability than linear RNAs due to the resistance to exonuclease degradation and thereby play exclusive cellular regulatory roles. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs are widely expressed in eukaryotes and display tissue- and disease-specific expression patterns, including in the cardiovascular system. Although numerous circRNAs are discovered by in silico methods, a limited number of circRNAs have been studied. This review intends to summarize the current understanding of the characteristics, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs and delineate the practical approaches for circRNAs investigation. Moreover, we discuss the emerging roles of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Mei
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America; Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang YC, Cai D, Cui XB, Chuang YH, Fay WP, Chen SY. Janus Kinase 3 Deficiency Promotes Vascular Reendothelialization-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2019-2026. [PMID: 33910370 PMCID: PMC8159884 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chun Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
- Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Ya-Hui Chuang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - William P. Fay
- Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
- Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
- The Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65212
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
- Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fortier SM, Penke LR, King D, Pham TX, Ligresti G, Peters-Golden M. Myofibroblast dedifferentiation proceeds via distinct transcriptomic and phenotypic transitions. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144799. [PMID: 33561015 PMCID: PMC8026183 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are the major cellular source of collagen, and their accumulation - via differentiation from fibroblasts and resistance to apoptosis - is a hallmark of tissue fibrosis. Clearance of myofibroblasts by dedifferentiation and restoration of apoptosis sensitivity has the potential to reverse fibrosis. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and mitogens such as FGF2 have each been shown to dedifferentiate myofibroblasts, but - to our knowledge - the resultant cellular phenotypes have neither been comprehensively characterized or compared. Here, we show that PGE2 elicited dedifferentiation of human lung myofibroblasts via cAMP/PKA, while FGF2 utilized MEK/ERK. The 2 mediators yielded transitional cells with distinct transcriptomes, with FGF2 promoting but PGE2 inhibiting proliferation and survival. The gene expression pattern in fibroblasts isolated from the lungs of mice undergoing resolution of experimental fibrosis resembled that of myofibroblasts treated with PGE2 in vitro. We conclude that myofibroblast dedifferentiation can proceed via distinct programs exemplified by treatment with PGE2 and FGF2, with dedifferentiation occurring in vivo most closely resembling the former.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loka R. Penke
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Dana King
- BCRF Bioinformatics Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tho X. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Non-coding RNAs modulate function of extracellular matrix proteins. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111240. [PMID: 33454598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) creates a multifaceted system for the interaction of diverse structural proteins, matricellular molecules, proteoglycans, hyaluronan, and various glycoproteins that collaborate and bind with each other to produce a bioactive polymer. Alterations in the composition and configuration of ECM elements influence the cellular phenotype, thus participating in the pathogenesis of several human disorders. Recent studies indicate the crucial roles of non-coding RNAs in the modulation of ECM. Several miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-26, miR-19, miR-140, miR-29, miR-30, miR-133 have been dysregulated in disorders that are associated with disruption or breakdown of the ECM. Moreover, expression of MALAT1, PVT1, SRA1, n379519, RMRP, PFL, TUG1, TM1P3, FAS-AS1, PART1, XIST, and expression of other lncRNAs is altered in disorders associated with the modification of ECM components. In the current review, we discuss the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the modification of ECM and their relevance with the pathophysiology of human disorders such as cardiac/ lung fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, asthma, osteoarthritis, and cancers.
Collapse
|
23
|
Li J, Gao Y, Li Q, Chen L, Chen Y, Li J. LncRNA COL1A2-AS1 promotes skin fibroblast apoptosis by repressing p-Smad3 and promoting β-catenin expression. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1090-1098. [PMID: 33354832 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
LncRNA COL1A2-AS1 has been demonstrated to inhibit fibroblast proliferation of hypertrophic scars. However, the function of COL1A2-AS1 in normal skin fibroblasts remains poorly studied. Here, we report that overexpression of COL1A2-AS1 promoted normal skin fibroblast apoptosis. On the basis of mRNA-seq data and gene set enrichment analysis plus Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis, 16 upregulated and 125 downregulated mRNAs were found; TGF-β, Wnt, and MAPK pathways were potentially involved. Western blot assay confirmed that overexpression of COL1A2-AS1 repressed p-Smad3 expression and promoted β-catenin expression. Furthermore, COL1A2-AS1 overexpression combined with either TGF-β1 or siRNA against β-catenin reversed the upregulation of apoptosis in the COL1A2-AS1 overexpression group. In conclusion, our study revealed the roles of COL1A2-AS1 in normal skin fibroblast apoptosis, with COL1A2-AS1 functioning by repressing p-Smad3 expression and promoting β-catenin expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Yanli Gao
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Guo Y, Li G, Gao L, Cheng X, Wang L, Qin Y, Zhang D. Exaggerated renal fibrosis in lncRNA Gas5-deficient mice after unilateral ureteric obstruction. Life Sci 2021; 264:118656. [PMID: 33121989 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) occurs in several diseases including renal fibrosis. Notably, growth arrest-specific 5 (Gas5) is a lncRNA, which functions as an essential modulator of cell proliferation and growth. However, the role and expression of lncRNA Gas5 associated with renal fibrosis remains controversial. Herein, we investigate the effect of lncRNA Gas5 deficiency in renal fibrosis induced by the operation of unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) in mice. MAIN METHODS Sera and urine of mice were used to detect markers of renal function. Further, Masson and immunohistochemical staining, western blotting as well as qRT-PCR were performed to observe the distribution and expression of fibrosis marker in the kidney tissue of the mice. KEY FINDINGS Unlike the wild type mice, the obstructed kidney in Gas5+/- mice showed more severe renal fibrosis and collagen deposition. In the UUO-Gas5+/- group, the serum levels of uric acid, serum creatinine, and the urine levels of albumin-to-creatinine ratio were higher. Moreover, the expression of mRNA and protein of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin, collagen IV, fibronectin, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) were higher, whereas that of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were lower with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE lncRNA Gas5 was up-regulated in renal fibrosis tissues, and its deficiency exacerbated renal fibrosis in the UUO mice model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaocheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liyou Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhong Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|