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Mathieu NM, Nakagawa P, Grobe JL, Sigmund CD. Insights Into the Role of Angiotensin-II AT 1 Receptor-Dependent β-Arrestin Signaling in Cardiovascular Disease. Hypertension 2024; 81:6-16. [PMID: 37449411 PMCID: PMC10787814 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.19419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
β-arrestins are a family of intracellular signaling proteins that play a key role in regulating the activity of G protein-coupled receptors. The angiotensin-II type 1 receptor is an important G protein-coupled receptor involved in the regulation of cardiovascular function and has been implicated in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to canonical G protein signaling, G protein-coupled receptors including the angiotensin-II type 1 receptor can signal via β-arrestin. Dysregulation of β-arrestin signaling has been linked to several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Understanding the role of β-arrestins in these conditions is critical to provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will discuss the beneficial and maladaptive physiological outcomes of angiotensin-II type 1 receptor-dependent β-arrestin activation in different cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Nakagawa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Justin L. Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Curt D. Sigmund
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Edwards A, Ralph DL, Mercado A, McDonough AA. Angiotensin II hypertension along the female rat tubule: predicted impact on coupled transport of Na + and K . Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F733-F749. [PMID: 37823196 PMCID: PMC10878725 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00232.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic infusion of subpressor level of angiotensin II (ANG II) increases the abundance of Na+ transporters along the distal nephron, balanced by suppression of Na+ transporters along the proximal tubule and medullary thick ascending limb (defined as "proximal nephron"), which impacts K+ handling along the entire renal tubule. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the impact of chronic ANG II on the renal handling of Na+ and K+ in female rats, using a computational model of the female rat renal tubule. Our results indicate that the downregulation of proximal nephron Na+ reabsorption (TNa), which occurs in response to ANG II-triggered hypertension, involves changes in both transporter abundance and trafficking. Our model suggests that substantial (∼30%) downregulation of active NHE3 in proximal tubule (PT) microvilli is needed to reestablish the Na+ balance at 2 wk of ANG II infusion. The 35% decrease in SGLT2, a known NHE3 regulator, may contribute to this downregulation. Both depression of proximal nephron TNa and stimulation of distal ENaC raise urinary K+ excretion in ANG II-treated females, while K+ loss is slightly mitigated by cortical NKCC2 and NCC upregulation. Our model predicts that K+ excretion may be more significantly limited during ANG II infusion by ROMK inhibition in the distal nephron and/or KCC3 upregulation in the PT, which remain open questions for experimental validation. In summary, our analysis indicates that ANG II hypertension triggers a series of events from distal TNa stimulation followed by compensatory reduction in proximal nephron TNa and accompanying adjustments to limit excessive K+ secretion.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used a computational model of the renal tubule to assess the impact of 2-wk angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion on the handling of Na+ and K+ in female rats. ANG II strongly stimulates distal Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion. Simulations indicate that substantial downregulation of proximal tubule NHE3 is needed to reestablish Na+ balance at 2 wk. Proximal adaptations challenge K+ homeostasis, and regulation of distal NCC and specific K+ channels likely limit urinary K+ losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Edwards
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Donna L Ralph
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Adriana Mercado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alicia A McDonough
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Mathieu NM, Nakagawa P, Grobe CC, Reho JJ, Brozoski DT, Lu KT, Wackman KK, Ritter ML, Segar JL, Grobe JL, Sigmund CD. ARRB2 (β-Arrestin-2) Deficiency Alters Fluid Homeostasis and Blood Pressure Regulation. Hypertension 2022; 79:2480-2492. [PMID: 36215165 PMCID: PMC9669141 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors) are implicated in blood pressure (BP) and fluid intake regulation. There is a developing concept that these effects are mediated by both canonical G protein signaling and noncanonical β-arrestin mediated signaling, but the contributions of each remain largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesized that β-arrestin contributes to fluid homeostasis and blood pressure (BP) regulation in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt hypertension, a prototypical model of salt-sensitive hypertension. METHODS Global β-arrestin1 (Arrb1) and β-arrestin2 (Arrb2) knockout mice were employed to evaluate drinking behavior, and BP was evaluated in Arrb2-knockout mice. Age- and sex-matched C57BL/6 mice served as controls. We measured intake of water and different sodium chloride solutions and BP employing a 2-bottle choice paradigm with and without DOCA. RESULTS Without DOCA (baseline), Arrb2-knockout mice exhibited a significant elevation in saline intake with no change in water intake. With DOCA treatment, Arrb2-knockout mice exhibited a significant increase in both saline and water intake. Although Arrb2-knockout mice exhibited hypernatremia at baseline conditions, we did not find significant changes in total body sodium stores or sodium palatability. In a separate cohort, BP was measured via telemetry in Arrb2-knockout and C57BL/6 mice with and without DOCA. Arrb2-knockout did not exhibit significant differences in BP before DOCA treatment when provided water alone, or when provided a choice of water and saline. However, Arrb2-knockout exhibited an increased pressor response to DOCA-salt. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that in salt-sensitive hypertension, ARRB2, but not ARRB1 (β-arrestin 1), might counterbalance the canonical signaling of GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Mathieu
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Pablo Nakagawa
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (P.N., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Connie C Grobe
- Department of Pediatrics (C.C.G., J.L.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - John J Reho
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core (J.J.R., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Daniel T Brozoski
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Ko-Ting Lu
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Kelsey K Wackman
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - McKenzie L Ritter
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jeffrey L Segar
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (P.N., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Pediatrics (C.C.G., J.L.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (P.N., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core (J.J.R., J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.L.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Center (N.M.M., P.N., J.J.R., D.T.B., K.-T.L., K.K.W., M.L.R., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (P.N., J.L.S., J.L.G., C.D.S.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Lin H, Geurts F, Hassler L, Batlle D, Mirabito Colafella KM, Denton KM, Zhuo JL, Li XC, Ramkumar N, Koizumi M, Matsusaka T, Nishiyama A, Hoogduijn MJ, Hoorn EJ, Danser AHJ. Kidney Angiotensin in Cardiovascular Disease: Formation and Drug Targeting. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:462-505. [PMID: 35710133 PMCID: PMC9553117 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of local formation of angiotensin II in the kidney has changed over the last 10-15 years. Local synthesis of angiotensinogen in the proximal tubule has been proposed, combined with prorenin synthesis in the collecting duct. Binding of prorenin via the so-called (pro)renin receptor has been introduced, as well as megalin-mediated uptake of filtered plasma-derived renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components. Moreover, angiotensin metabolites other than angiotensin II [notably angiotensin-(1-7)] exist, and angiotensins exert their effects via three different receptors, of which angiotensin II type 2 and Mas receptors are considered renoprotective, possibly in a sex-specific manner, whereas angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptors are believed to be deleterious. Additionally, internalized angiotensin II may stimulate intracellular receptors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) not only generates angiotensin-(1-7) but also acts as coronavirus receptor. Multiple, if not all, cardiovascular diseases involve the kidney RAS, with renal AT1 receptors often being claimed to exert a crucial role. Urinary RAS component levels, depending on filtration, reabsorption, and local release, are believed to reflect renal RAS activity. Finally, both existing drugs (RAS inhibitors, cyclooxygenase inhibitors) and novel drugs (angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, soluble ACE2) affect renal angiotensin formation, thereby displaying cardiovascular efficacy. Particular in the case of the latter three, an important question is to what degree they induce renoprotection (e.g., in a renal RAS-dependent manner). This review provides a unifying view, explaining not only how kidney angiotensin formation occurs and how it is affected by drugs but also why drugs are renoprotective when altering the renal RAS. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Angiotensin formation in the kidney is widely accepted but little understood, and multiple, often contrasting concepts have been put forward over the last two decades. This paper offers a unifying view, simultaneously explaining how existing and novel drugs exert renoprotection by interfering with kidney angiotensin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Frank Geurts
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Luise Hassler
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Daniel Batlle
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Katrina M Mirabito Colafella
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Kate M Denton
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Jia L Zhuo
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Xiao C Li
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Nirupama Ramkumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Masahiro Koizumi
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Taiji Matsusaka
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine (H.L., A.H.J.D.) and Division of Nephrology and Transplantation (F.G., M.J.H., E.J.H.), Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (L.H., D.B.); Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (K.M.M.C., K.M.D.); Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (J.L.Z., X.C.L.); Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah (N.R.); Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (M.K.) and Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine (M.K., T.M.), Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan; and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Japan (A.N.)
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5
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Nava RC, McKenna Z, Fennel Z, Berkemeier Q, Ducharme J, de Castro Magalhães F, Amorim FT, Mermier C. Repeated sprint exercise in hypoxia stimulates HIF-1-dependent gene expression in skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:1097-1107. [PMID: 35190865 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to determine the effect of repeated sprint exercise in hypoxia on HIF-1 and HIF-1-regulated genes involved in glycolysis, mitochondrial turnover and oxygen transport. We also determined whether genes upregulated by exercise in hypoxia were dependent on the activation of HIF-1 in an in vitro model of exercise in hypoxia. METHODS Eight endurance athletes performed bouts of repeated sprint exercise in control and hypoxic conditions. Skeletal muscle was sampled pre, post and 3 h post-exercise. HIF-1α protein and HIF1A, PDK1, GLUT4, VEGFA, BNIP3, PINK1 and PGC1A mRNA were measured. C2C12 myotubes were exposed to hypoxia and muscle contraction following treatment with a HIF-1α inhibitor to determine whether hypoxia-sensitive gene expression was dependent on HIF-1α. RESULTS Sprint exercise in hypoxia increased HIF-1α protein expression immediately post-exercise [fold change (FC) = 3.5 ± 2.0]. Gene expression of PDK1 (FC = 2.1 ± 1.2), BNIP3 (FC = 2.4 ± 1.4) and VEGFA (FC = 2.7 ± 1.7) increased 3 h post-exercise in hypoxia but not control. PGC1A mRNA increased 3 h post-exercise in control (FC = 5.16) and hypoxia (FC = 5.7 ± 4.1) but there was no difference between the trials. Results from the in vitro experiment showed that hypoxia plus contraction also increased PDK1, BNIP3, and VEGFA gene expression. These responses were inhibited when HIF-1 protein activity was suppressed. CONCLUSION Repeated sprint exercise in hypoxia upregulates some genes involved in glycolytic metabolism, mitochondrial turnover, and oxygen transport. HIF-1α is necessary for the expression of these genes in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Carlos Nava
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Zachary McKenna
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Zachary Fennel
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Quint Berkemeier
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jeremy Ducharme
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Flávio de Castro Magalhães
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Christine Mermier
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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6
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Nelson JW, McDonough AA, Xiang Z, Ralph DL, Robertson JA, Giani JF, Bernstein KE, Gurley SB. Local and downstream actions of proximal tubule angiotensin II signaling on Na + transporters in the mouse nephron. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F69-F81. [PMID: 34056928 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00014.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The renal nephron consists of a series of distinct cell types that function in concert to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and blood pressure. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is central to Na+ and volume balance. We aimed to determine how loss of angiotensin II signaling in the proximal tubule (PT), which reabsorbs the bulk of filtered Na+ and volume, impacts solute transport throughout the nephron. We hypothesized that PT renin-angiotensin system disruption would not only depress PT Na+ transporters but also impact downstream Na+ transporters. Using a mouse model in which the angiotensin type 1a receptor (AT1aR) is deleted specifically within the PT (AT1aR PTKO), we profiled the abundance of Na+ transporters, channels, and claudins along the nephron. Absence of PT AT1aR signaling was associated with lower abundance of PT transporters (Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3, electrogenic Na+-bicarbonate cotransporter 1, and claudin 2) as well as lower abundance of downstream transporters (total and phosphorylated Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter, medullary Na+-K+-ATPase, phosphorylated NaCl cotransporter, and claudin 7) versus controls. However, transport activities of Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter and NaCl cotransporter (assessed with diuretics) were similar between groups in order to maintain electrolyte balance. Together, these results demonstrate the primary impact of angiotensin II regulation on Na+ reabsorption in the PT at baseline and the associated influence on downstream Na+ transporters, highlighting the ability of the nephron to integrate Na+ transport along the nephron to maintain homeostasis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study defines a novel role for proximal tubule angiotensin receptors in regulating the abundance of Na+ transporters throughout the nephron, thereby contributing to the integrated control of fluid balance in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Nelson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Alicia A McDonough
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhidan Xiang
- Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Donna L Ralph
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joshua A Robertson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Susan B Gurley
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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7
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Polidoro JZ, Rebouças NA, Girardi ACC. The Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Associated Protein Attenuates Angiotensin II-Mediated Inhibition of the Renal Outer Medullary Potassium Channel in Collecting Duct Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:642409. [PMID: 34054566 PMCID: PMC8160308 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.642409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjustments in renal K+ excretion constitute a central mechanism for K+ homeostasis. The renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channel accounts for the major K+ secretory route in collecting ducts during basal conditions. Activation of the angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) by Ang II is known to inhibit ROMK activity under the setting of K+ dietary restriction, underscoring the role of the AT1R in K+ conservation. The present study aimed to investigate whether an AT1R binding partner, the AT1R-associated protein (ATRAP), impacts Ang II-mediated ROMK regulation in collecting duct cells and, if so, to gain insight into the potential underlying mechanisms. To this end, we overexpressed either ATRAP or β-galactosidase (LacZ; used as a control), in M-1 cells, a model line of cortical collecting duct cells. We then assessed ROMK channel activity by employing a novel fluorescence-based microplate assay. Experiments were performed in the presence of 10−10 M Ang II or vehicle for 40 min. We observed that Ang II-induced a significant inhibition of ROMK in LacZ, but not in ATRAP-overexpressed M-1 cells. Inhibition of ROMK-mediated K+ secretion by Ang II was accompanied by lower ROMK cell surface expression. Conversely, Ang II did not affect the ROMK-cell surface abundance in M-1 cells transfected with ATRAP. Additionally, diminished response to Ang II in M-1 cells overexpressing ATRAP was accompanied by decreased c-Src phosphorylation at the tyrosine 416. Unexpectedly, reduced phospho-c-Src levels were also found in M-1 cells, overexpressing ATRAP treated with vehicle, suggesting that ATRAP can also downregulate this kinase independently of Ang II-AT1R activation. Collectively, our data support that ATRAP attenuates inhibition of ROMK by Ang II in collecting duct cells, presumably by reducing c-Src activation and blocking ROMK internalization. The potential role of ATRAP in K+ homeostasis and/or disorders awaits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy Amaral Rebouças
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Physiological and Biochemical Vascular Reactivity Parameters of Angiotensin II and the Action of Biased Agonist TRV023. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2020; 2020:3092721. [PMID: 32259102 PMCID: PMC7094174 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3092721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular reactivity experiments using isolated aortic rings have been widely used as a model for physiological and pharmacological studies since the early sixties. Here, we suggest several parameters that the researcher should pay attention to when investigating angiotensin II in their experimental models. Angiotensin II is one of the active peptides of the renin-angiotensin system and exerts its effect through the AT1 and AT2 receptors. Some studies seek to understand the effects of angiotensin II receptors at the vascular level by using vascular reactivity experiments. However, because of the large number of variations, there are only a handful of reactivity studies that seek to use this method. Thus, the objective of this study was to standardize experimental methods with angiotensin II, through vascular reactivity protocols. For this, variables such as basal tension, concentration interval, single concentration, curve concentration response, and multiple experiments using the same aortic ring were developed using the technique of vascular reactivity in an organ bath. This is the first study that has standardized the vascular reactivity protocol. In addition, we demonstrated the effects of TRV023-biased ligand of the AT1R at vascular sites.
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9
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Han F, Konkalmatt P, Mokashi C, Kumar M, Zhang Y, Ko A, Farino ZJ, Asico LD, Xu G, Gildea J, Zheng X, Felder RA, Lee REC, Jose PA, Freyberg Z, Armando I. Dopamine D 2 receptor modulates Wnt expression and control of cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16861. [PMID: 31727925 PMCID: PMC6856370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the most conserved signaling pathways across species with essential roles in development, cell proliferation, and disease. Wnt signaling occurs at the protein level and via β-catenin-mediated transcription of target genes. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating the expression of the key Wnt ligand Wnt3a or the modulation of its activity. Here, we provide evidence that there is significant cross-talk between the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Our data suggest that D2R-dependent cross-talk modulates Wnt3a expression via an evolutionarily-conserved TCF/LEF site within the WNT3A promoter. Moreover, D2R signaling also modulates cell proliferation and modifies the pathology in a renal ischemia/reperfusion-injury disease model, via its effects on Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Together, our results suggest that D2R is a transcriptional modulator of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction with broad implications for health and development of new therapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Dependovirus/genetics
- Dependovirus/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Genetic Vectors/chemistry
- Genetic Vectors/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Primary Cell Culture
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/genetics
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Transfection
- Wnt3A Protein/genetics
- Wnt3A Protein/metabolism
- beta Catenin/genetics
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Prasad Konkalmatt
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Chaitanya Mokashi
- Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Megha Kumar
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Allen Ko
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zachary J Farino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Laureano D Asico
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - John Gildea
- Department of Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Xiaoxu Zheng
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Robin A Felder
- Department of Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Robin E C Lee
- Department of Computational & Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Ines Armando
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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10
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Crajoinas RO, Polidoro JZ, Girardi ACC. The potential role of myosin motor proteins in mediating the subcellular distribution of NHE3 in the renal proximal tubule. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F986-F992. [PMID: 30864843 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00577.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoform 3 of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3) is responsible for the majority of the reabsorption of NaCl, NaHCO3, and, consequently, water in the renal proximal tubule. As such, this transporter plays an essential role in acid-base balance and extracellular fluid volume homeostasis and determining systemic arterial blood pressure levels. NHE3 activity is modulated by a number of mechanisms, including the redistribution of the transporter between the body of the microvilli (where NHE3 is active) and the base of the microvilli (where NHE3 is less active). Although the physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological importance of the subcellular distribution of NHE3 has been well established, the exact mechanism whereby NHE3 is translocated along microvilli microdomains of the proximal tubule apical membrane is unknown. Nonmuscle myosin IIA and unconventional myosin VI move cargoes in anterograde and retrograde directions, respectively, and are known to redistribute along with NHE3 in the proximal tubule in response to a variety of natriuretic and antinatriuretic stimuli, including stimulation or inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system, high dietary Na+ intake, and high blood pressure. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the current evidence that suggests a potential role of myosin IIA and myosin VI in mediating the subcellular distribution of NHE3 along the kidney proximal tubule microvilli and their possible contribution in modifying NHE3-mediated Na+ reabsorption under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato O Crajoinas
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Juliano Z Polidoro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Adriana C C Girardi
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School , São Paulo , Brazil
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11
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Turu G, Balla A, Hunyady L. The Role of β-Arrestin Proteins in Organization of Signaling and Regulation of the AT1 Angiotensin Receptor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:519. [PMID: 31447777 PMCID: PMC6691095 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AT1 angiotensin receptor plays important physiological and pathophysiological roles in the cardiovascular system. Renin-angiotensin system represents a target system for drugs acting at different levels. The main effects of ATR1 stimulation involve activation of Gq proteins and subsequent IP3, DAG, and calcium signaling. It has become evident in recent years that besides the well-known G protein pathways, AT1R also activates a parallel signaling pathway through β-arrestins. β-arrestins were originally described as proteins that desensitize G protein-coupled receptors, but they can also mediate receptor internalization and G protein-independent signaling. AT1R is one of the most studied receptors, which was used to unravel the newly recognized β-arrestin-mediated pathways. β-arrestin-mediated signaling has become one of the most studied topics in recent years in molecular pharmacology and the modulation of these pathways of the AT1R might offer new therapeutic opportunities in the near future. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the field of β-arrestin signaling of the AT1R, emphasizing its role in cardiovascular regulation and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Semmelweis University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Semmelweis University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Semmelweis University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: László Hunyady
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12
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Veiras LC, Girardi ACC, Curry J, Pei L, Ralph DL, Tran A, Castelo-Branco RC, Pastor-Soler N, Arranz CT, Yu ASL, McDonough AA. Sexual Dimorphic Pattern of Renal Transporters and Electrolyte Homeostasis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:3504-3517. [PMID: 28774999 PMCID: PMC5698077 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with males, females have lower BP before age 60, blunted hypertensive response to angiotensin II, and a leftward shift in pressure natriuresis. This study tested the concept that this female advantage associates with a distinct sexual dimorphic pattern of transporters along the nephron. We applied quantitative immunoblotting to generate profiles of transporters, channels, claudins, and selected regulators in both sexes and assessed the physiologic consequences of the differences. In rats, females excreted a saline load more rapidly than males did. Compared with the proximal tubule of males, the proximal tubule of females had greater phosphorylation of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), distribution of NHE3 at the base of the microvilli, and less abundant expression of Na+/Pi cotransporter 2, claudin-2, and aquaporin 1. These changes associated with less bicarbonate reabsorption and higher lithium clearance in females. The distal nephrons of females had a higher abundance of total and phosphorylated Na+/Cl- cotransporter (NCC), claudin-7, and cleaved forms of epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) α and γ subunits, which associated with a lower baseline plasma K+ concentration. A K+-rich meal increased the urinary K+ concentration and decreased the level of renal phosphorylated NCC in females. Notably, we observed similar abundance profiles in female versus male C57BL/6 mice. These results define sexual dimorphic phenotypes along the nephron and suggest that lower proximal reabsorption in female rats expedites excretion of a saline load and enhances NCC and ENaC abundance and activation, which may facilitate K+ secretion and set plasma K+ at a lower level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Curry
- Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Lei Pei
- Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - An Tran
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences and
| | - Regiane C Castelo-Branco
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Nuria Pastor-Soler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cristina T Arranz
- University of Buenos Aires, National Council of Science and Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alan S L Yu
- Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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13
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Crajoinas RO, Polidoro JZ, Carneiro de Morais CPA, Castelo-Branco RC, Girardi ACC. Angiotensin II counteracts the effects of cAMP/PKA on NHE3 activity and phosphorylation in proximal tubule cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C768-C776. [PMID: 27510906 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00191.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Binding of angiotensin II (ANG II) to the AT1 receptor (AT1R) in the proximal tubule stimulates Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) activity through multiple signaling pathways. However, the effects of ANG II/AT1R-induced inihibitory G protein (Gi) activation and subsequent decrease in cAMP accumulation on NHE3 regulation are not well established. We therefore tested the hypothesis that ANG II reduces cAMP/PKA-mediated phosphorylation of NHE3 on serine 552 and, in doing so, stimulates NHE3 activity. Under basal conditions, ANG II stimulated NHE3 activity but did not affect PKA-mediated NHE3 phosphorylation at serine 552 in opossum kidney (OKP) cells. However, in the presence of the cAMP-elevating agent forskolin (FSK), ANG II blocked FSK-induced NHE3 inhibition, reduced intracellular cAMP concentrations, lowered PKA activity, and prevented the FSK-mediated increase in NHE3 serine 552 phosphorylation. All effects of ANG II were blocked by pretreating OKP cells with the AT1R antagonist losartan, highlighting the contribution of the AT1R/Gi pathway in ANG II-mediated NHE3 upregulation under cAMP-elevating conditions. Accordingly, Gi inhibition by pertussis toxin treatment decreased NHE3 activity both in vitro and in vivo and, more importantly, prevented the stimulatory effect of ANG II on NHE3 activity in rat proximal tubules. Collectively, our results suggest that ANG II counteracts the effects of cAMP/PKA on NHE3 phosphorylation and inhibition by activating the AT1R/Gi pathway. Moreover, these findings support the notion that NHE3 dephosphorylation at serine 552 may represent a key event in the regulation of renal proximal tubule sodium handling by ANG II in the presence of natriuretic hormones that promote cAMP accumulation and transporter phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato O Crajoinas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Juliano Z Polidoro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Carla P A Carneiro de Morais
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Regiane C Castelo-Branco
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana C C Girardi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
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14
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McDonough AA. ISN Forefronts Symposium 2015: Maintaining Balance Under Pressure-Hypertension and the Proximal Tubule. Kidney Int Rep 2016; 1:166-176. [PMID: 27840855 PMCID: PMC5102061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal control of effective circulating volume (ECV) is key for circulatory performance. When renal sodium excretion is inadequate, blood pressure rises and serves as a homeostatic signal to drive natriuresis to re-establish ECV. Recognizing that hypertension involves both renal and vascular dysfunction, this report concerns proximal tubule sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) regulation during acute and chronic hypertension. NHE3 is distributed in tall microvilli (MV) in the proximal tubule, where it reabsorbs a significant fraction of the filtered sodium. NHE3 redistributes, in the plane of the MV membrane, between the MV body, where NHE3 is active, and the MV base, where NHE3 is less active. A high-salt diet and acute hypertension both retract NHE3 to the base and reduce proximal tubule sodium reabsorption independent of a change in abundance. The renin angiotensin system provokes NHE3 redistribution independent of blood pressure: The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril redistributes NHE3 to the base and subsequent angiotensin II (AngII) infusion returns NHE3 to the body of the MV and restores reabsorption. Chronic AngII infusion presents simultaneous AngII stimulation and hypertension; that is, NHE3 remains in the body of the MV, due to the high local AngII level and inflammation, and exhibits a compensatory decrease in abundance driven by the hypertension. Genetically modified mice with blunted hypertensive responses to chronic AngII infusion (due to lack of the proximal tubule AngII receptors interleukin-17A or interferon-γ expression) exhibit reduced local AngII accumulation and inflammation and larger decreases in NHE3 abundance, which improves the pressure natriuresis response and reduces the need for elevated blood pressure to facilitate circulating volume balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia A McDonough
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California
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