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Halloran KM, Saadat N, Pallas B, Vyas AK, Sargis R, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming: Testosterone excess masculinizes female pancreatic transcriptome and function in sheep. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 588:112234. [PMID: 38588858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Hyperandrogenic disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, are often associated with metabolic disruptions such as insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Studies in sheep, a precocial model of translational relevance, provide evidence that in utero exposure to excess testosterone during days 30-90 of gestation (the sexually dimorphic window where males naturally experience elevated androgens) programs insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in female offspring. Extending earlier findings that adverse effects of testosterone excess are evident in fetal day 90 pancreas, the end of testosterone treatment, the present study provides evidence that transcriptomic and phenotypic effects of in utero testosterone excess on female pancreas persist after cessation of treatment, suggesting lasting organizational changes, and induce a male-like phenotype in female pancreas. These findings demonstrate that the female pancreas is susceptible to programmed masculinization during the sexually dimorphic window of fetal development and shed light on underlying connections between hyperandrogenism and metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Saadat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brooke Pallas
- Unit Lab Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arpita K Vyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Sargis
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Jung YS, Radhakrishnan K, Kim HJ, Kim YH, Lee CH, Choi HS. Macrophage stimulating protein is a novel transcriptional target of estrogen related receptor gamma in alcohol-intoxicated mice. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111059. [PMID: 38237793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is a multifunctional serum protein produced in the liver, belonging to the plasminogen-related kringle protein family. It exerts diverse biological functions by activating a transmembrane receptor protein-tyrosine kinase known as RON in humans and SKT in mice. MSP plays a pivotal role in innate immunity and is involved in various activities such as cell survival, migration, and phagocytosis. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms governing MSP gene expression is of great importance. In this study, we comprehensively elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying hepatic MSP gene expression in response to alcoholism. Exposure to ethanol specifically upregulated the expression of ERRγ and MSP in the liver, while not in other organs. Liver-specific knockout of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), an upstream regulator of ERRγ, inhibited the alcohol-induced upregulation of MSP expression. Overexpression of ERRγ alone was sufficient to enhance MSP expression in hepatic cell lines and in mice. Conversely, knockdown of ERRγ in cell lines or liver-specific knockout of ERRγ in mice reversed ethanol-induced MSP gene expression. Promoter studies revealed the direct binding of ERRγ to the MSP gene promoter at the ERR response element (ERRE), resulting in the positive regulation of MSP gene expression in response to alcohol. This finding was further supported by ERRE-mutated MSP-luciferase reporter assays. Notably, treatment with GSK5182, an ERRγ-specific inverse agonist, significantly suppressed alcohol-induced hepatic MSP expression. Collectively, we exposed a novel mechanistic understanding of how alcohol-induced ERRγ controls the transcriptional regulation of MSP gene expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seok Jung
- Host-Directed Antiviral Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamalakannan Radhakrishnan
- Host-Directed Antiviral Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Host-Directed Antiviral Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- Host-Directed Antiviral Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Chia CW, Yeager SM, Egan JM. Endocrinology of Taste with Aging. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:295-315. [PMID: 36948781 PMCID: PMC10037529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Taste is one of our five primary senses, and taste impairment has been shown to increase with aging. The ability to taste allows us to enjoy the food we eat and to avoid foods that are potentially spoiled or poisonous. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of taste receptor cells located within taste buds help us decipher how taste works. The discoveries of "classic" endocrine hormones in taste receptor cells point toward taste buds being actual endocrine organs. A better understanding of how taste works may help in reversing taste impairment associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee W Chia
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 3001 S. Hanover Street, 5th Floor, Room NM536, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA
| | - Shayna M Yeager
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 3001 S. Hanover Street, 5th Floor, Room NM547, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 3001 S. Hanover Street, 5th Floor, Room NM527, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA.
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4
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Qi M, Kaddis JS, Chen KT, Rawson J, Omori K, Chen ZB, Dhawan S, Isenberg JS, Kandeel F, Roep BO, Al-Abdullah IH. Chronic marijuana usage by human pancreas donors is associated with impaired islet function. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258434. [PMID: 34705837 PMCID: PMC8550598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of chronic marijuana use, defined as 4 times weekly for more than 3 years, on human pancreatic islets. Pancreata from deceased donors who chronically used marijuana were compared to those from age, sex and ethnicity matched non-users. The islets from marijuana-users displayed reduced insulin secretion as compared to islets from non-users upon stimulation with high glucose (AUC, 3.41 ± 0.62 versus 5.14 ±0.47, p<0.05) and high glucose plus KCl (AUC, 4.48 ± 0.41 versus 7.69 ± 0.58, p<0.001). When human islets from chronic marijuana-users were transplanted into diabetic mice, the mean reversal rate of diabetes was 35% versus 77% in animals receiving islets from non-users (p<0.01). Immunofluorescent staining for cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) was shown to be colocalized with insulin and enhanced significantly in beta cells from marijuana-users vs. non-users (CB1R intensity/islet area, 14.95 ± 2.71 vs. 3.23 ± 0.87, p<0.001). In contrast, CB1R expression was not co-localized with glucagon or somatostatin. Furthermore, isolated islets from chronic marijuana-users appeared hypertrophic. In conclusion, excessive marijuana use affects islet endocrine phenotype and function in vitro and in vivo. Given the increasing use of marijuana, our results underline the importance of including lifestyle when evaluating human islets for transplantation or research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirigeng Qi
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - John S. Kaddis
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Discovery Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Kuan-Tsen Chen
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Keiko Omori
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications & Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sangeeta Dhawan
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey S. Isenberg
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Bart O. Roep
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Ismail H. Al-Abdullah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Barajas-Martínez A, Bermeo K, de la Cruz L, Martínez-Vargas M, Martínez-Tapia RJ, García DE, Navarro L. Cannabinoid receptors are differentially regulated in the pancreatic islets during the early development of metabolic syndrome. Islets 2020; 12:134-144. [PMID: 33289595 PMCID: PMC7751681 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2020.1849927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is found in tissues that regulate the glycemia, including adipose tissue, muscle, and pancreatic islets. Diet-induced metabolic syndrome changes the expression of the CB receptors in muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. However, it is poorly understood whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects the expression of CB receptors in pancreatic β cells. We analyzed the expression of CB receptors in pancreatic β cells under chronic high-sucrose diet (HSD)-induced MetS. Wistar rats fed an HSD as a model of MetS were used to investigate changes in cannabinoid receptors. After 8 weeks of treatment, we evaluated the appearance of the following MetS biomarkers: glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and an increase in visceral adiposity. To determine the presence of CB1 and CB2 receptors in pancreatic β cells, immunofluorescence of primary cell cultures and pancreatic sections was performed. For whole-islet quantification of membrane-bound CB1 and CB2 receptors, western-blotting following differential centrifugation was conducted. Our results revealed that an HSD treatment closely mimics the alterations seen in MetS. We observed that in primary cell culture, CB1 and CB2 receptors were expressed at a higher level in pancreatic β cells compared with non-β cells. MetS resulted in a reduction of CB1 in the islet, whereas abundant CB2 was observed after the treatment. CB1 and CB2 receptors are differentially expressed in pancreatic β cells during MetS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barajas-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Karina Bermeo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lizbeth de la Cruz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marina Martínez-Vargas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Jesús Martínez-Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - David Erasmo García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luz Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
- CONTACT Luz Navarro Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de MéxicoC.P. 04510, México
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Quarta C, Cota D. Anti-obesity therapy with peripheral CB1 blockers: from promise to safe(?) practice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:2179-2193. [PMID: 32317751 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological blockers of the cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1) have been considered for a long time as the holy grail of obesity pharmacotherapy. These agents were hastily released in the clinical setting, due to their clear-cut therapeutic efficacy. However, the first generation of these drugs, which were able to target both the brain and peripheral tissues, had serious neuropsychiatric effects, leading authorities to ban their clinical use. New peripherally restricted CB1 blockers, characterized by low brain penetrance, have been developed over the past 10 years. In preclinical studies, these molecules seem to overcome the neuropsychiatric negative effects previously observed with brain-penetrant CB1 inhibitors, while retaining or even outperforming their efficacy. The mechanisms of action of these peripherally restricted compounds are only beginning to emerge, and a balanced discussion of the risk/benefits ratio associated to their possible clinical use is urgently needed, in order to avoid repeating past mistakes. Here, we will critically discuss the advantages and the possible hidden threats associated with the use of peripheral CB1 blockers for the pharmacotherapy of obesity and its associated metabolic complications. We will address whether this novel pharmacological approach might 'compete' with current pharmacotherapies for obesity and diabetes, while also conceptualizing future CB1-based pharmacological trends that may significantly lower the risk/benefits ratio associated with the use of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Quarta
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. .,University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Daniela Cota
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. .,University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
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7
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Stasiulewicz A, Znajdek K, Grudzień M, Pawiński T, Sulkowska JI. A Guide to Targeting the Endocannabinoid System in Drug Design. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082778. [PMID: 32316328 PMCID: PMC7216112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is one of the most crucial systems in the human organism, exhibiting multi-purpose regulatory character. It is engaged in a vast array of physiological processes, including nociception, mood regulation, cognitive functions, neurogenesis and neuroprotection, appetite, lipid metabolism, as well as cell growth and proliferation. Thus, ECS proteins, including cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands’ synthesizing and degrading enzymes, are promising therapeutic targets. Their modulation has been employed in or extensively studied as a treatment of multiple diseases. However, due to a complex nature of ECS and its crosstalk with other biological systems, the development of novel drugs turned out to be a challenging task. In this review, we summarize potential therapeutic applications for ECS-targeting drugs, especially focusing on promising synthetic compounds and preclinical studies. We put emphasis on modulation of specific proteins of ECS in different pathophysiological areas. In addition, we stress possible difficulties and risks and highlight proposed solutions. By presenting this review, we point out information pivotal in the spotlight of ECS-targeting drug design, as well as provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on ECS-related pharmacodynamics and show possible directions for needed research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Stasiulewicz
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.I.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Znajdek
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Grudzień
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomasz Pawiński
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (T.P.)
| | - Joanna I. Sulkowska
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Systems Modelling, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.I.S.)
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Veilleux A, Di Marzo V, Silvestri C. The Expanded Endocannabinoid System/Endocannabinoidome as a Potential Target for Treating Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diab Rep 2019; 19:117. [PMID: 31686231 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-019-1248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The endocannabinoid (eCB) system, i.e. the receptors that respond to the psychoactive component of cannabis, their endogenous ligands and the ligand metabolic enzymes, is part of a larger family of lipid signals termed the endocannabinoidome (eCBome). We summarize recent discoveries of the roles that the eCBome plays within peripheral tissues in diabetes, and how it is being targeted, in an effort to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of this increasingly prevalent disease. RECENT FINDINGS As with the eCB system, many eCBome members regulate several physiological processes, including energy intake and storage, glucose and lipid metabolism and pancreatic health, which contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Preclinical studies increasingly support the notion that targeting the eCBome may beneficially affect T2D. The eCBome is implicated in T2D at several levels and in a variety of tissues, making this complex lipid signaling system a potential source of many potential therapeutics for the treatments for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Veilleux
- École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canadian Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- École de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canadian Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Québec, Canada
- Institut de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Canadian Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Québec, Canada.
- Institut de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Department de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Abstract
Aging and diabetes mellitus are 2 well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). During the past 50 years, there has been an dramatic increase in life expectancy with a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the older population. This large number of older individuals with diabetes mellitus is problematic given that CVD risk associated with aging and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize epidemiological data relating to diabetes mellitus and CVD, with an emphasis on the aging population. We then present data on hyperglycemia as a risk factor for CVD and review the current knowledge of age-related changes in glucose metabolism. Next, we review the role of obesity in the pathogenesis of age-related glucose dysregulation, followed by a summary of the results from major randomized controlled trials that focus on cardiovascular risk reduction through glycemic control, with a special emphasis on older adults. We then conclude with our proposed model of aging that body composition changes and insulin resistance link possible dysregulation of physiological pathways leading to obesity and diabetes mellitus-both forms of accelerated aging-and risks for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee W Chia
- From the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Josephine M Egan
- From the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- From the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
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