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Hakim AH, Brewster L. Dyslipidemia impairs collateral artery formation after hindlimb ischemia: Adding insult to injury. JVS Vasc Sci 2024; 5:100204. [PMID: 38774714 PMCID: PMC11106532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Hakim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Luke Brewster
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Research and Surgical Services, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA
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2
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Cluzel GL, Ryan PM, Herisson FM, Caplice NM. High-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome: a contemporary synthesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E366-E381. [PMID: 35224983 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to describe and compare porcine models of metabolic syndrome. This syndrome and its associated secondary comorbidities are set to become the greatest challenge to healthcare providers and policy makers in the coming century. However, an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis has left significant knowledge gaps in terms of efficacious therapeutics. To further our comprehension and, in turn, management of metabolic syndrome, appropriate high-fidelity models of the disease complex are of great importance. In this context, our review aims to assess the most promising porcine models of metabolic syndrome currently available for their similarity to the human phenotype. In addition, we aim to highlight the strengths and shortcomings of each model in an attempt to identify the most appropriate application of each. Although no porcine model perfectly recapitulates the human metabolic syndrome, several pose satisfactory approximations. The Ossabaw miniature swine in particular represents a highly translatable model that develops each of the core parameters of the syndrome with many of the associated secondary comorbidities. Future high-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome need to focus on secondary sequelae replication, which may require extended induction period to reveal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston L Cluzel
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul M Ryan
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florence M Herisson
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel M Caplice
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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3
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Low-intensity exercise improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged female rats with metabolic syndrome. Exp Gerontol 2022; 160:111711. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Ismaeel A, Greathouse KL, Newton N, Miserlis D, Papoutsi E, Smith RS, Eidson JL, Dawson DL, Milner CW, Widmer RJ, Bohannon WT, Koutakis P. Phytochemicals as Therapeutic Interventions in Peripheral Artery Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:2143. [PMID: 34206667 PMCID: PMC8308302 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects over 200 million people worldwide, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality, yet treatment options remain limited. Among the manifestations of PAD is a severe functional disability and decline, which is thought to be the result of different pathophysiological mechanisms including oxidative stress, skeletal muscle pathology, and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Thus, compounds that target these mechanisms may have a therapeutic effect on walking performance in PAD patients. Phytochemicals produced by plants have been widely studied for their potential health effects and role in various diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. In this review, we focus on PAD and discuss the evidence related to the clinical utility of different phytochemicals. We discuss phytochemical research in preclinical models of PAD, and we highlight the results of the available clinical trials that have assessed the effects of these compounds on PAD patient functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; (A.I.); (K.L.G.); (E.P.)
| | - K. Leigh Greathouse
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; (A.I.); (K.L.G.); (E.P.)
- Department of Human Sciences and Design, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Nathan Newton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA;
| | - Dimitrios Miserlis
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Evlampia Papoutsi
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; (A.I.); (K.L.G.); (E.P.)
| | - Robert S. Smith
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA; (R.S.S.); (J.L.E.); (D.L.D.); (C.W.M.); (W.T.B.)
| | - Jack L. Eidson
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA; (R.S.S.); (J.L.E.); (D.L.D.); (C.W.M.); (W.T.B.)
| | - David L. Dawson
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA; (R.S.S.); (J.L.E.); (D.L.D.); (C.W.M.); (W.T.B.)
| | - Craig W. Milner
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA; (R.S.S.); (J.L.E.); (D.L.D.); (C.W.M.); (W.T.B.)
| | - Robert J. Widmer
- Heart & Vascular Department, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA;
| | - William T. Bohannon
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA; (R.S.S.); (J.L.E.); (D.L.D.); (C.W.M.); (W.T.B.)
| | - Panagiotis Koutakis
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; (A.I.); (K.L.G.); (E.P.)
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5
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Sharp TE, Scarborough AL, Li Z, Polhemus DJ, Hidalgo HA, Schumacher JD, Matsuura TR, Jenkins JS, Kelly DP, Goodchild TT, Lefer DJ. Novel Göttingen Miniswine Model of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Integrating Multiple Comorbidities. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:154-170. [PMID: 33665515 PMCID: PMC7907541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A lack of preclinical large animal models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) that recapitulate this comorbid-laden syndrome has led to the inability to tease out mechanistic insights and to test novel therapeutic strategies. This study developed a large animal model that integrated multiple comorbid determinants of HFpEF in a miniswine breed that exhibited sensitivity to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and vascular disease with overt clinical signs of heart failure. The combination of a Western diet and 11-deoxycorticosterone acetate salt-induced hypertension in the Göttingen miniswine led to the development of a novel large animal model of HFpEF that exhibited multiorgan involvement and a full spectrum of comorbidities associated with human HFpEF.
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Key Words
- DBP, diastolic blood pressure
- DOCA, 11-deoxycorticosterone acetate
- EC50, half-maximal effective concentration
- EF, ejection fraction
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- IVGTT, intravenous glucose tolerance test
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- LV, left ventricle
- PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
- SBP, systolic blood pressure
- TC, total cholesterol
- WD, Western diet
- animal models of human disease
- heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- hypertension
- metabolic syndrome
- obesity
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Sharp
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amy L Scarborough
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hunter A Hidalgo
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffery D Schumacher
- Department of Animal Care, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Timothy R Matsuura
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Stephen Jenkins
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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6
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Rushing AM, Donnarumma E, Polhemus DJ, Au KR, Victoria SE, Schumacher JD, Li Z, Jenkins JS, Lefer DJ, Goodchild TT. Effects of a novel hydrogen sulfide prodrug in a porcine model of acute limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69:1924-1935. [PMID: 30777693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.08.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts potent proangiogenic properties under in vitro conditions and in rodent models. We sought to determine whether a novel H2S prodrug promotes peripheral revascularization in a swine model of acute limb ischemia (ALI). METHODS ALI was induced in 17 female miniswine via intravascular occlusion of the external iliac. At day 7 after ALI induction, miniswine (n = 17) were randomized to received placebo or the H2S prodrug, SG-1002 (800 mg per os twice a day), for 35 days. At day 35 SG-1002 increased circulating levels of H2S (5.0 ± 1.2 μmol/L vs 1.8 ± 0.50 μmol/L; P < .05), sulfane sulfur (10.6 ± 2.3 μmol/L vs 2.6 ± 0.8 μmol/L; P < .05), and nitrite (0.5 ± 0.05 μmol/L vs 0.3 ± 0.03 μmol/L; P < .005) compared with placebo. SG-1002 therapy increased angiographic scoring in ischemic limb vessel number (27.6 ± 1.6 vs 22.2 ± 1.8; P < .05) compared with placebo. Treatment with SG-1002 preserved existing capillaries in ischemic limbs (128.3 ± 18.7 capillaries/mm2 vs 79.0 ± 9.8 capillaries/mm2; P < .05) compared with placebo. Interestingly, treatment with SG-1002 also improved coronary vasorelaxation responses to bradykinin and substance P in miniswine with ALI. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that daily administration of the H2S prodrug, SG-1002, leads to an increase in circulating H2S and nitric oxide signaling and preserves vessel number and density in ischemic limbs. Furthermore, SG-1002 therapy improved endothelial-dependent coronary artery vasorelaxation in the setting of ALI. Our data demonstrate that SG-1002 preserves the vascular architecture in ischemic limbs and exerts vascular protective effects in the coronary vasculature in a model of peripheral vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Rushing
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Erminia Donnarumma
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La; Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Kevin R Au
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Samuel E Victoria
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Jeffrey D Schumacher
- Department of Animal Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Zhen Li
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La; Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - J Stephen Jenkins
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, La
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La; Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La
| | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La; Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, La.
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7
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Yingchoncharoen T, Rakyhao T, Chuncharunee S, Sritara P, Pienvichit P, Paiboonsukwong K, Sathavorasmith P, Sirirat K, Sriwantana T, Srihirun S, Sibmooh N. Inhaled nebulized sodium nitrite decreases pulmonary artery pressure in β-thalassemia patients with pulmonary hypertension. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:174-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Bradley JM, Li Z, Organ CL, Polhemus DJ, Otsuka H, Islam KN, Bhushan S, Gorodnya OM, Ruchko MV, Gillespie MN, Wilson GL, Lefer DJ. A novel mtDNA repair fusion protein attenuates maladaptive remodeling and preserves cardiac function in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 314:H311-H321. [PMID: 29101177 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00515.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results in mtDNA damage and contributes to myocardial cell death. mtDNA repair enzymes are crucial for mtDNA repair and cell survival. We investigated a novel, mitochondria-targeted fusion protein (Exscien1-III) containing endonuclease III in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure. Male C57/BL6J mice (10-12 wk) were subjected to 45 min of myocardial ischemia and either 24 h or 4 wk of reperfusion. Exscien1-III (4 mg/kg ip) or vehicle was administered at the time of reperfusion. Male C57/BL6J mice were subjected to TAC, and Exscien1-III (4 mg/kg i.p) or vehicle was administered daily starting at 3 wk post-TAC and continued for 12 wk. Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular (LV) structure and function. Exscien1-III reduced myocardial infarct size ( P < 0.01) at 24 h of reperfusion and preserved LV ejection fraction at 4 wk postmyocardial ischemia. Exscien1-III attenuated TAC-induced LV dilation and dysfunction at 6-12 wk post-TAC ( P < 0.05). Exscien1-III reduced ( P < 0.05) cardiac hypertrophy and maladaptive remodeling after TAC. Assessment of cardiac mitochondria showed that Exscien1-III localized to mitochondria and increased mitochondrial antioxidant and reduced apoptotic markers. In conclusion, our results indicate that administration of Exscien1-III provides significant protection against myocardial ischemia and preserves myocardial structure and LV performance in the setting of heart failure. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial DNA damage is a prominent feature in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel, mitochondria-targeted fusion protein that traffics endonuclease III specifically for mitochondrial DNA repair in two well-characterized murine models of cardiac injury and failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Bradley
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zhen Li
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Chelsea L Organ
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Hiroyuki Otsuka
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kazi N Islam
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Olena M Gorodnya
- College of Medicine, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama
| | | | - Mark N Gillespie
- College of Medicine, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama
| | - Glenn L Wilson
- College of Medicine, University of South Alabama , Mobile, Alabama.,Exscien Corporation , Mobile, Alabama
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence and Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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9
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Vanhoutte PM, Shimokawa H, Feletou M, Tang EHC. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease - a 30th anniversary update. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:22-96. [PMID: 26706498 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 553] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best-characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO) which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase in the vascular smooth muscle cells, with the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) initiating relaxation. The endothelial cells also evoke hyperpolarization of the cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle (endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, EDH-mediated responses). As regards the latter, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) now appears to play a dominant role. Endothelium-dependent relaxations involve both pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi (e.g. responses to α2 -adrenergic agonists, serotonin, and thrombin) and pertussis toxin-insensitive Gq (e.g. adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin) coupling proteins. New stimulators (e.g. insulin, adiponectin) of the release of EDRFs have emerged. In recent years, evidence has also accumulated, confirming that the release of NO by the endothelial cell can chronically be upregulated (e.g. by oestrogens, exercise and dietary factors) and downregulated (e.g. oxidative stress, smoking, pollution and oxidized low-density lipoproteins) and that it is reduced with ageing and in the course of vascular disease (e.g. diabetes and hypertension). Arteries covered with regenerated endothelium (e.g. following angioplasty) selectively lose the pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway for NO release which favours vasospasm, thrombosis, penetration of macrophages, cellular growth and the inflammatory reaction leading to atherosclerosis. In addition to the release of NO (and EDH, in particular those due to H2 O2 ), endothelial cells also can evoke contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells by releasing endothelium-derived contracting factors. Recent evidence confirms that most endothelium-dependent acute increases in contractile force are due to the formation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids (endoperoxides and prostacyclin) which activate TP receptors of the vascular smooth muscle cells and that prostacyclin plays a key role in such responses. Endothelium-dependent contractions are exacerbated when the production of nitric oxide is impaired (e.g. by oxidative stress, ageing, spontaneous hypertension and diabetes). They contribute to the blunting of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in aged subjects and essential hypertensive and diabetic patients. In addition, recent data confirm that the release of endothelin-1 can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and that the peptide appears to be an important contributor to vascular dysfunction. Finally, it has become clear that nitric oxide itself, under certain conditions (e.g. hypoxia), can cause biased activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to the production of cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP) rather than cGMP and hence causes contraction rather than relaxation of the underlying vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
| | - H. Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - M. Feletou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research; Institut de Recherches Servier; Suresnes France
| | - E. H. C. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
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10
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Long CA, Timmins LH, Koutakis P, Goodchild TT, Lefer DJ, Pipinos II, Casale GP, Brewster LP. An endovascular model of ischemic myopathy from peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2016; 66:891-901. [PMID: 27693032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.07.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a significant age-related medical condition with limited pharmacologic options. Severe PAD, termed critical limb ischemia, can lead to amputation. Skeletal muscle is the end organ most affected by PAD, leading to ischemic myopathy and debility of the patient. Currently, there are not any therapeutics to treat ischemic myopathy, and proposed biologic agents have not been optimized owing to a lack of preclinical models of PAD. Because a large animal model of ischemic myopathy may be useful in defining the optimal dosing and delivery regimens, the objective was to create and to characterize a swine model of ischemic myopathy that mimics patients with severe PAD. METHODS Yorkshire swine (N = 8) underwent acute right hindlimb ischemia by endovascular occlusion of the external iliac artery. The effect of ischemia on limb function, perfusion, and degree of ischemic myopathy was quantified by weekly gait analysis, arteriography, hindlimb blood pressures, femoral artery duplex ultrasound scans, and histologic examination. Animals were terminated at 5 (n = 5) and 6 (n = 3) weeks postoperatively. Ossabaw swine (N = 8) fed a high-fat diet were used as a model of metabolic syndrome for comparison of arteriogenic recovery and validation of ischemic myopathy. RESULTS There was persistent ischemia in the right hindlimb, and occlusion pressures were significantly depressed compared with the untreated left hindlimb out to 6 weeks (systolic blood pressure, 31 ± 21 vs 83 ± 15 mm Hg, respectively; P = .0007). The blood pressure reduction resulted in a significant increase of ischemic myopathy in the gastrocnemius muscle in the treated limb. Gait analysis revealed a functional deficit of the right hindlimb immediately after occlusion that improved rapidly during the first 2 weeks. Peak systolic velocity values in the right common femoral artery were severely diminished throughout the entire study (P < .001), and the hemodynamic environment after occlusion was characterized by low and oscillatory wall shear stress. Finally, the internal iliac artery on the side of the ischemic limb underwent significant arteriogenic remodeling (1.8× baseline) in the Yorkshire but not in the Ossabaw swine model. CONCLUSIONS This model uses endovascular technology to produce the first durable large animal model of ischemic myopathy. Acutely (first 2 weeks), this model is associated with impaired gait but no tissue loss. Chronically (2-6 weeks), this model delivers persistent ischemia, resulting in ischemic myopathy similar to that seen in PAD patients. This model may be of use for testing novel therapeutics including biologic therapies for promoting neovascularization and arteriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandler A Long
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Lucas H Timmins
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | | | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La
| | | | | | - Luke P Brewster
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Surgical and Research Services, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Ga.
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11
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Donnarumma E, Bhushan S, Bradley JM, Otsuka H, Donnelly EL, Lefer DJ, Islam KN. Nitrite Therapy Ameliorates Myocardial Dysfunction via H2S and Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2)-Dependent Signaling in Chronic Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003551. [PMID: 27473036 PMCID: PMC5015282 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is reduced in heart failure (HF). Recent studies suggest cross-talk between NO and H2S signaling. We previously reported that sodium nitrite (NaNO2) ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and HF. Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the antioxidant proteins expression and is upregulated by H2S. We examined the NaNO2 effects on endogenous H2S bioavailability and Nrf2 activation in mice subjected to ischemia-induced chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS Mice underwent 60 minutes of left coronary artery occlusion and 4 weeks of reperfusion. NaNO2 (165 μg/kgic) or vehicle was administered at reperfusion and then in drinking water (100 mg/L) for 4 weeks. Left ventricular (LV), ejection fraction (EF), LV end diastolic (LVEDD) and systolic dimensions (LVESD) were determined at baseline and at 4 weeks of reperfusion. Myocardial tissue was analyzed for oxidative stress and respective gene/protein-related assays. We found that NaNO2 therapy preserved LVEF, LVEDD and LVSD at 4 weeks during ischemia-induced HF. Myocardial malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content were significantly reduced in NaNO2-treated mice as compared to vehicle, suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress. NaNO2 therapy markedly increased expression of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase during 4 weeks of reperfusion. Furthermore, NaNO2 upregulated the activity of Nrf2, as well as H2S-producing enzymes, and ultimately increased H2S bioavailability in ischemia-induced CHF in mice as compared with vehicle. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that NaNO2 therapy significantly improves LV function via increasing H2S bioavailability, Nrf2 activation, and antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erminia Donnarumma
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jessica M Bradley
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hiroyuki Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume, Japan
| | - Erinn L Donnelly
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Kazi N Islam
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
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Donnarumma E, Ali MJ, Rushing AM, Scarborough AL, Bradley JM, Organ CL, Islam KN, Polhemus DJ, Evangelista S, Cirino G, Jenkins JS, Patel RAG, Lefer DJ, Goodchild TT. Zofenopril Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Increasing Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Bioavailability. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003531. [PMID: 27381758 PMCID: PMC5015391 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Zofenopril, a sulfhydrylated angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), reduces mortality and morbidity in infarcted patients to a greater extent than do other ACEIs. Zofenopril is a unique ACEI that has been shown to increase hydrogen sulfide (H2S) bioavailability and nitric oxide (NO) levels via bradykinin‐dependent signaling. Both H2S and NO exert cytoprotective and antioxidant effects. We examined zofenopril effects on H2S and NO bioavailability and cardiac damage in murine and swine models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods and Results Zofenopril (10 mg/kg PO) was administered for 1, 8, and 24 hours to establish optimal dosing in mice. Myocardial and plasma H2S and NO levels were measured along with the levels of H2S and NO enzymes (cystathionine β‐synthase, cystathionine γ‐lyase, 3‐mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase). Mice received 8 hours of zofenopril or vehicle pretreatment followed by 45 minutes of ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion. Pigs received placebo or zofenopril (30 mg/daily orally) 7 days before 75 minutes of ischemia and 48 hours of reperfusion. Zofenopril significantly augmented both plasma and myocardial H2S and NO levels in mice and plasma H2S (sulfane sulfur) in pigs. Cystathionine β‐synthase, cystathionine γ‐lyase, 3‐mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase, and total endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were unaltered, while phospho‐endothelial nitric oxide synthase1177 was significantly increased in mice. Pretreatment with zofenopril significantly reduced myocardial infarct size and cardiac troponin I levels after I/R injury in both mice and swine. Zofenopril also significantly preserved ischemic zone endocardial blood flow at reperfusion in pigs after I/R. Conclusions Zofenopril‐mediated cardioprotection during I/R is associated with an increase in H2S and NO signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erminia Donnarumma
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Murtuza J Ali
- Department of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Amanda M Rushing
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Amy L Scarborough
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jessica M Bradley
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Chelsea L Organ
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Kazi N Islam
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - David J Polhemus
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - David J Lefer
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Traci T Goodchild
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
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Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, occurs in nearly 35% of adults and 50% of the aging population in the United States. However, the underlying mechanisms by which MetS orchestrates and amplifies cardiovascular events remain elusive. Furthermore, traditional therapeutic strategies addressing lifestyle modifications and individual components of MetS are often unsuccessful in decreasing morbidity due to MetS. The availability of an adequate experimental platform that mimics the complexity of MetS may allow development of novel management techniques. Swine models, including domestic pigs and minipigs, have made important contributions to our understanding of many aspects of MetS. Given their similarity to human anatomy and physiology, those models may have significant predictive power for elucidating the pathophysiology of MetS in a manner applicable to humans. Moreover, experimental maneuvers and drugs can be tested in these preclinical models before application in patients with MetS. This review highlights the utility of the pig as an animal model for metabolic disorders, which may play a crucial role in novel drug development to optimize management of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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