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Darwish T, Al-Khulaifi A, Ali M, Mowafy R, Arredouani A, Doi SA, Emara MM. Assessing the consistency of iPSC and animal models in cystic fibrosis modelling: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272091. [PMID: 35944004 PMCID: PMC9362911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary autosomal recessive disorder caused by a range of mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. This gene encodes the CFTR protein, which acts as a chloride channel activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the responsiveness of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to cAMP analogues to that of commonly used animal models. METHODS Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Medline from inception to January 2020. A total of 8 and 3 studies, respectively, for animal models and iPSCs, were analyzed. Studies were extracted for investigating cAMP-stimulated anion transport by measuring the short circuit current (Isc) of chloride channels in different animal models and iPSC systems We utilized an inverse variance heterogeneity model for synthesis. RESULTS Our analysis showed considerable heterogeneity in the mean Isc value in both animal models and iPSCs studies (compared to their WT counterparts), and both suffer from variable responsiveness based on the nature of the underlying model. There was no clear advantage of one over the other. CONCLUSIONS Studies on both animal and iPSCs models generated considerable heterogeneity. Given the potential of iPSC-derived models to study different diseases, we recommend paying more attention to developing reproducible models of iPSC as it has potential if adequately developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toqa Darwish
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Azhar Al-Khulaifi
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Menatalla Ali
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rana Mowafy
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suhail A. Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed M. Emara
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Kato T, Mikami Y, Sun L, Rogers TD, Grubb BR, Morrison CB, Ehre C, Sears PR, Ostrowski LE, Randell SH, Boucher RC. Reuse of Cell Culture Inserts for In Vitro Human Primary Airway Epithelial Cell Studies. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:760-764. [PMID: 33788673 PMCID: PMC8456889 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0033le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- University of North CarolinaChapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Yu Mikami
- University of North CarolinaChapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ling Sun
- University of North CarolinaChapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | - Camille Ehre
- University of North CarolinaChapel Hill, North Carolina
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Sayes CM, Singal M. Optimizing a Test Bed System to Assess Human Respiratory Safety After Exposure to Chemical and Particle Aerosolization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2017.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhuri Singal
- Safety, Quality, Regulatory, and Compliance, Reckitt Benckiser, LLC, Montvale, New Jersey
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Guimbellot J, Sharma J, Rowe SM. Toward inclusive therapy with CFTR modulators: Progress and challenges. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017; 52:S4-S14. [PMID: 28881097 PMCID: PMC6208153 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is caused by gene mutations that result in an abnormal Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein on the surface of cells. CFTR modulators are a novel class of drugs that directly target the molecular defect. CFTR modulators include potentiators that result in improved activity of the channel; correctors that help the protein traffic to the cell surface properly; and readthrough agents that restore full-length CFTR by suppression of premature termination codons, among other novel classes more recently established. While some of these drugs, CFTR potentiators in particular, have provided remarkable improvements for CF patients, others have yet to achieve profoundly improved outcomes, and many CF patients are not yet impacted by CFTR modulators due to lack of knowledge regarding susceptibility of their mutations to treatment. One limitation to expanding these types of therapies to the maximum number of patients with CF is the lack of rigorously validated clinical biomarkers that can determine efficacy on an individual basis, as well as few pre-clinical tools that can predict whether an individual with a rare combination of mutant alleles will respond to a particular CFTR modulator regimen. In this review, we discuss the various groups of CFTR modulators and their status in clinical development, as well as address the current literature on biomarkers, pre-clinical cell-based tools, and the role of pharmacometrics in creating therapeutic strategies to improve the lives of all patients with cystic fibrosis, regardless of their specific mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Guimbellot
- Departments of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Steven M. Rowe
- Departments of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Departments of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Grubb BR, O'Neal WK, Ostrowski LE, Kreda SM, Button B, Boucher RC. Transgenic hCFTR expression fails to correct β-ENaC mouse lung disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 302:L238-47. [PMID: 22003093 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00083.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationships between airway epithelial Cl(-) secretion-Na(+) absorption balance, airway surface liquid (ASL) homeostasis, and lung disease were investigated in selected transgenic mice. 1) To determine if transgenic overexpression of wild-type (WT) human CFTR (hCFTR) accelerated Cl(-) secretion and regulated Na(+) absorption in murine airways, we utilized a Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP)-specific promoter to generate mice expressing airway-specific hCFTR. Ussing chamber studies revealed significantly (∼2.5-fold) elevated basal Cl(-) secretory currents in CCSP-hCFTR transgenic mouse airways. Endogenous murine airway Na(+) absorption was not regulated by hCFTR, and these mice exhibited no lung disease. 2) We tested whether hCFTR, transgenically expressed on a transgenic mouse background overexpressing the β-subunit of the epithelial Na(+) channel (β-ENaC), restored ion transport balance and ASL volume homeostasis and ameliorated lung disease. Both transgenes were active in CCSP-hCFTR/β-ENaC transgenic mouse airways, which exhibited an elevated basal Cl(-) secretion and Na(+) hyperabsorption. However, the airway disease characteristic of β-ENaC mice persisted. Confocal studies of ASL volume homeostasis in cultured tracheal cells revealed ASL autoregulation to a height of ∼6 μm in WT and CCSP-hCFTR cultures, whereas ASL was reduced to <4 μm in β-ENaC and CCSP-hCFTR/β-ENaC cultures. We conclude that 1) hCFTR overexpression increases basal Cl(-) secretion but does not regulate Na(+) transport in WT mice and 2) transgenic hCFTR produces increased Cl(-) secretion, but not regulation of Na(+) channels, in β-ENaC mouse airways and does not ameliorate β-ENaC mouse lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Grubb
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7248, USA.
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Defective fluid secretion from submucosal glands of nasal turbinates from CFTR-/- and CFTR (ΔF508/ΔF508) pigs. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24424. [PMID: 21935358 PMCID: PMC3164206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by reduced CFTR function, includes severe sinonasal disease which may predispose to lung disease. Newly developed CF pigs provide models to study the onset of CF pathophysiology. We asked if glands from pig nasal turbinates have secretory responses similar to those of tracheal glands and if CF nasal glands show reduced fluid secretion. Methodology/Principal Findings Unexpectedly, we found that nasal glands differed from tracheal glands in five ways, being smaller, more numerous (density per airway surface area), more sensitive to carbachol, more sensitive to forskolin, and nonresponsive to Substance P (a potent agonist for pig tracheal glands). Nasal gland fluid secretion from newborn piglets (12 CF and 12 controls) in response to agonists was measured using digital imaging of mucus bubbles formed under oil. Secretion rates were significantly reduced in all conditions tested. Fluid secretory rates (Controls vs. CF, in pl/min/gland) were as follows: 3 µM forskolin: 9.2±2.2 vs. 0.6±0.3; 1 µM carbachol: 143.5±35.5 vs. 52.2±10.3; 3 µM forskolin + 0.1 µM carbachol: 25.8±5.8 vs. CF 4.5±0.9. We also compared CFΔF508/ΔF508 with CFTR-/- piglets and found significantly greater forskolin-stimulated secretion rates in the ΔF508 vs. the null piglets (1.4±0.8, n = 4 vs. 0.2±0.1, n = 7). An unexpected age effect was also discovered: the ratio of secretion to 3 µM forskolin vs. 1 µM carbachol was ∼4 times greater in adult than in neonatal nasal glands. Conclusions/Significance These findings reveal differences between nasal and tracheal glands, show defective fluid secretion in nasal glands of CF pigs, reveal some spared function in the ΔF508 vs. null piglets, and show unexpected age-dependent differences. Reduced nasal gland fluid secretion may predispose to sinonasal and lung infections.
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Respiratory syncytial virus engineered to express the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator corrects the bioelectric phenotype of human cystic fibrosis airway epithelium in vitro. J Virol 2010; 84:7770-81. [PMID: 20504917 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00346-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal recessive genetic disease in the Caucasian population. It is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene that is normally expressed in ciliated airway epithelial cells and the submucosal glands of the lung. Since the CFTR gene was first characterized in 1989, a major goal has been to develop an effective gene therapy for CF lung disease, which has the potential to ameliorate morbidity and mortality. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) naturally infects the ciliated cells in the human airway epithelium. In addition, the immune response mounted against an RSV infection does not prevent subsequent infections, suggesting that an RSV-based vector might be effectively readministered. To test whether the large 4.5-kb CFTR gene could be expressed by a recombinant RSV and whether infectious virus could be used to deliver CFTR to ciliated airway epithelium derived from CF patients, we inserted the CFTR gene into four sites in a recombinant green fluorescent protein-expressing RSV (rgRSV) genome to generate virus expressing four different levels of CFTR protein. Two of these four rgRSV-CFTR vectors were capable of expressing CFTR with little effect on viral replication. rgRSV-CFTR infection of primary human airway epithelial cultures derived from CF patients resulted in expression of CFTR protein that was properly localized at the luminal surface and corrected the chloride ion channel defect in these cells.
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Li W, Zhang L, Johnson JS, Zhijian W, Grieger JC, Ping-Jie X, Drouin LM, Agbandje-McKenna M, Pickles RJ, Samulski RJ. Generation of novel AAV variants by directed evolution for improved CFTR delivery to human ciliated airway epithelium. Mol Ther 2009; 17:2067-77. [PMID: 19603002 PMCID: PMC2801879 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene have been used to deliver CFTR to the airway epithelium of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, no significant CFTR function has been demonstrated likely due to low transduction efficiencies of the AAV vectors. To improve AAV transduction efficiency for human airway epithelium (HAE), we generated a chimeric AAV library and performed directed evolution of AAV on an in vitro model of human ciliated airway epithelium. Two independent and novel AAV variants were identified that contained capsid components from AAV-1, AAV-6, and/or AAV-9. The transduction efficiencies of the two novel AAV variants for human ciliated airway epithelium were three times higher than that for AAV-6. The novel variants were then used to deliver CFTR to ciliated airway epithelium from CF patients. Here we show that our novel AAV variants, but not the parental, AAV provide sufficient CFTR delivery to correct the chloride ion transport defect to ~25% levels measured in non-CF cells. These results suggest that directed evolution of AAV on relevant in vitro models will enable further improvements in CFTR gene transfer efficiency and the development of an efficacious and safe gene transfer vector for CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuping Li
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7352, USA
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Gavilanes X, Huaux F, Meyer M, Lebecque P, Marbaix E, Lison D, Scholte B, Wallemacq P, Leal T. Azithromycin fails to reduce increased expression of neutrophil-related cytokines in primary-cultured epithelial cells from cystic fibrosis mice. J Cyst Fibros 2009; 8:203-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Grubb BR, Rogers TD, Boucher RC, Ostrowski LE. Ion transport across CF and normal murine olfactory and ciliated epithelium. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2009; 296:C1301-9. [PMID: 19321738 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00578.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The nasal epithelium of the cystic fibrosis (CF) mouse has been used extensively in CF research because it exhibits ion transport defects similar to those of human CF airways. This tissue is composed of approximately 50% olfactory (OE) and approximately 50% ciliated epithelium (CE), and on the basis of previous observations, we hypothesized that a significant fraction of the bioelectric signals from murine nasal tissue may arise from OE rather than CE, while CE is the target tissue for CF gene therapy. We compared the bioelectric properties of isolated OE from the nasal cavity and CE from the nasopharynx in Ussing chamber studies. Hyperabsorption of Na(+) [amiloride response; CF vs. wild type (WT)] was approximately 7.5-fold greater in the OE compared with the CE. The forskolin response in native tissues did not reliably distinguish genotypes, likely due to a cyclic nucleotide-gated cation conductance in OE and a calcium-mediated Cl(-) conductance in CE. By potential difference assay, hyperabsorption of Na(+) (CF vs. WT) and the difference in response to apical 0 Cl(-) buffer (CF vs. WT) were approximately 2-fold greater in the nasal cavity compared with the nasopharynx. Our studies demonstrate that in the CF mouse, both the hyperabsorption of Na(+) and the Cl(-) transport defect are of larger magnitude in the OE than in the CE. Thus, while the murine CF nasal epithelium is a valuable model for CF studies, the bioelectrics are likely dominated by the signals from the OE, and assays of the nasopharynx may be more specific for studying the ciliated epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Grubb
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, 7011 Thurston-Bowles Bldg., CB 7248, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolia 27599-7248, USA.
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Liang L, MacDonald K, Schwiebert EM, Zeitlin PL, Guggino WB. Spiperone, identified through compound screening, activates calcium-dependent chloride secretion in the airway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 296:C131-41. [PMID: 18987251 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00346.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene producing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CFTR functions as a Cl(-) channel. Its dysfunction limits Cl(-) secretion and enhances Na+ absorption, leading to viscous mucus in the airway. Ca2+-activated Cl(-) channels (CaCCs) are coexpressed with CFTR in the airway surface epithelia. Increases in cytosolic Ca(2+) activate the epithelial CaCCs, which provides an alternative Cl(-) secretory pathway in CF. We developed a screening assay and screened a library for compounds that could enhance cytoplasmic Ca2+, activate the CaCC, and increase Cl(-) secretion. We found that spiperone, a known antipsychotic drug, is a potent intracellular Ca2+ enhancer and demonstrated that it stimulates intracellular Ca2+, not by acting in its well-known role as an antagonist of serotonin 5-HT2 or dopamine D2 receptors, but through a protein tyrosine kinase-coupled phospholipase C-dependent pathway. Spiperone activates CaCCs, which stimulates Cl(-) secretion in polarized human non-CF and CF airway epithelial cell monolayers in vitro and in CFTR-knockout mice in vivo. In conclusion, we have identified spiperone as a new therapeutic platform for correction of defective Cl(-) secretion in CF via a pathway independent of CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Liang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Jing Y, Dowdy JA, Van Scott MR, Fedan JS. Simultaneous measurement of mechanical responses and transepithelial potential difference and resistance, in guinea-pig isolated, perfused trachea using a novel apparatus: Pharmacological characterization. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 598:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Barro Soria R, Spitzner M, Schreiber R, Kunzelmann K. Bestrophin-1 enables Ca2+-activated Cl- conductance in epithelia. J Biol Chem 2006; 284:29405-12. [PMID: 17003041 PMCID: PMC2785573 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m605716200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells express calcium-activated Cl(-) channels of unknown molecular identity. These Cl(-) channels play a central role in diseases such as secretory diarrhea, polycystic kidney disease, and cystic fibrosis. The family of bestrophins has been suggested to form calcium-activated Cl(-) channels. Here, we demonstrate molecular and functional expression of bestrophin-1 (BEST1) in mouse and human airways, colon, and kidney. Endogenous calcium-activated whole cell Cl(-) currents coincide with endogenous expression of the Vmd2 gene product BEST1 in murine and human epithelial cells, whereas calcium-activated Cl(-) currents are absent in epithelial tissues lacking BEST1 expression. Blocking expression of BEST1 with short interfering RNA or applying an anti-BEST1 antibody to a patch pipette suppressed ATP-induced whole cell Cl(-) currents. Calcium-dependent Cl(-) currents were activated by ATP in HEK293 cells expressing BEST1. Thus, BEST1 may form the Ca2+-activated Cl(-) current, or it may be a component of a Cl(-) channel complex in epithelial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Barro Soria
- From the Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Spitzner
- From the Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- From the Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karl Kunzelmann
- From the Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraβe 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-954-4302; Fax: 49-941-4315; E-mail:
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Scholte BJ, Colledge WH, Wilke M, de Jonge H. Cellular and animal models of cystic fibrosis, tools for drug discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2006.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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