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Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Nayeem MA. Overexpression of Human Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Exacerbates Coronary Reactive Hyperemia Reduction in Angiotensin-II-Treated Mouse Hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:46-54. [PMID: 37788350 PMCID: PMC10841723 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH) is impaired in cardiovascular diseases, and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) exacerbates it. However, it is unknown how Ang-II affects CRH in Tie2-sEH Tr (human-sEH-overexpressed) versus wild-type (WT) mice. sEH-overexpression resulted in CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr versus WT. We hypothesized that Ang-II exacerbates CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr versus WT. The Langendorff system measured coronary flow in Tie2-sEH Tr and WT. The hearts were exposed to 15-second ischemia, and CRH was assessed in 10 mice each. Repayment volume was reduced by 40.50% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (7.42 ± 0.8 to 4.49 ± 0.8 mL/g) and 48% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (5.18 ± 0.4 to 2.68 ± 0.3 mL/g). Ang-II decreased repayment duration by 50% in WT-treated with Ang-II versus WT (2.46 ± 0.5 to 1.24 ± 0.4 minutes) and 54% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (1.66 ± 0.4 to 0.76 ± 0.2 minutes). Peak repayment flow was reduced by 11.2% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (35.98 ± 0.7 to 32.11 ± 1.4 mL/g) and 4% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (32.18 ± 0.6 to 30.89 ± 1.5 mL/g). Furthermore, coronary flow was reduced by 43% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (14.2 ± 0.5 to 8.15 ± 0.8 mL/min/g) and 32% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (12.1 ± 0.8 to 8.3 ± 1.2 mL/min/g). Moreover, the Ang-II-AT 1 -receptor and CYP4A were increased in Tie2-sEHTr. Our results demonstrate that Ang-II exacerbates CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mohammed A. Nayeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Edin ML, Gruzdev A, Bradbury JA, Graves JP, Lih FB, DeGraff LM, Fleming I, Zeldin DC. Disruption of Ephx2 in cardiomyocytes but not endothelial cells improves functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion in isolated mouse hearts. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103049. [PMID: 36822325 PMCID: PMC10040734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 metabolize arachidonic acid to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) which have numerous effects. After cardiac ischemia, EET-induced coronary vasodilation increases delivery of oxygen/nutrients to the myocardium, and EET-induced signaling protects cardiomyocytes against postischemic mitochondrial damage. Soluble epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) diminishes the benefits of EETs through hydrolysis to less active dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids. EPHX2 inhibition or genetic disruption improves recovery of cardiac function after ischemia. Immunohistochemical staining revealed EPHX2 expression in cardiomyocytes and some endothelial cells but little expression in cardiac smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts. To determine specific roles of EPHX2 in cardiac cell types, we generated mice with cell-specific disruption of Ephx2 in endothelial cells (Ephx2fx/fx/Tek-cre) or cardiomyocytes (Ephx2fx/fx/Myh6-cre) to compare to global Ephx2-deficient mice (global Ephx2-/-) and WT (Ephx2fx/fx) mice in expression, EET hydrolase activity, and heart function studies. Most cardiac EPHX2 expression and activity is in cardiomyocytes with substantially less activity in endothelial cells. Ephx2fx/fx/Tek-cre hearts have similar EPHX2 expression, hydrolase activity, and postischemic cardiac function as control Ephx2fx/fx hearts. However, Ephx2fx/fx/Myh6-cre hearts were similar to global Ephx2-/- hearts with significantly diminished EPHX2 expression, decreased hydrolase activity, and enhanced postischemic cardiac function compared to Ephx2fx/fx hearts. During reperfusion, Ephx2fx/fx/Myh6-cre hearts displayed increased ERK activation compared to Ephx2fx/fx hearts, which could be reversed by EEZE treatment. EPHX2 did not regulate coronary vasodilation in this model. We conclude that EPHX2 is primarily expressed in cardiomyocytes where it regulates EET hydrolysis and postischemic cardiac function, whereas endothelial EPHX2 does not play a significant role in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Alyce Bradbury
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joan P Graves
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fred B Lih
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura M DeGraff
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signaling, Centre of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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Nayeem MA, Geldenhuys WJ, Hanif A. Role of cytochrome P450-epoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase in the regulation of vascular response. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:37-131. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Nayeem MA, Hanif A, Geldenhuys WJ, Agba S. Crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in the modulation of cardiovascular, including coronary reactive hyperemic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108213. [PMID: 35597366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous endogenous nucleoside or autacoid that affects the cardiovascular system through the activation of four G-protein coupled receptors: adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR), adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR), adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR), and adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR). With the rapid generation of this nucleoside from cellular metabolism and the widespread distribution of its four G-protein coupled receptors in almost all organs and tissues of the body, this autacoid induces multiple physiological as well as pathological effects, not only regulating the cardiovascular system but also the central nervous system, peripheral vascular system, and immune system. Mounting evidence shows the role of CYP450-enzymes in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, and the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450s can increase susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). One of the most important physiological roles of CYP450-epoxygenases (CYP450-2C & CYP2J2) is the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and epoxyoctadecaenoic acid (EpOMEs) which generally involve in vasodilation. Like an increase in coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH), an increase in anti-inflammation, and cardioprotective effects. Moreover, the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases will change the beneficial cardiovascular effects of metabolites or oxylipins into detrimental effects. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is another crucial enzyme ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and almost all organs and tissues. However, in contrast to CYP450-epoxygenases, sEH converts EETs into dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHETs), EpOMEs into dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acid (DiHOMEs), and others and reverses the beneficial effects of epoxy-fatty acids leading to vasoconstriction, reducing CRH, increase in pro-inflammation, increase in pro-thrombotic and become less cardioprotective. Therefore, polymorphisms in the sEH gene (Ephx2) cause the enzyme to become overactive, making it more vulnerable to CVDs, including hypertension. Besides the sEH, ω-hydroxylases (CYP450-4A11 & CYP450-4F2) derived metabolites from AA, ω terminal-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (19-, 20-HETE), lipoxygenase-derived mid-chain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 11-, 12-, 15-HETEs), and the cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (prostaglandins: PGD2, PGF2α; thromboxane: Txs, oxylipins) are involved in vasoconstriction, hypertension, reduction in CRH, pro-inflammation and cardiac toxicity. Interestingly, the interactions of adenosine receptors (A2AAR, A1AR) with CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, sEH, and their derived metabolites or oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs or oxylipins) is shown in the regulation of the cardiovascular functions. In addition, much evidence demonstrates polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, and sEH genes (Ephx2) and adenosine receptor genes (ADORA1 & ADORA2) in the human population with the susceptibility to CVDs, including hypertension. CVDs are the number one cause of death globally, coronary artery disease (CAD) was the leading cause of death in the US in 2019, and hypertension is one of the most potent causes of CVDs. This review summarizes the articles related to the crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in vascular, including the CRH response in regular salt-diet fed and high salt-diet fed mice with the correlation of heart perfusate/plasma oxylipins. By using A2AAR-/-, A1AR-/-, eNOS-/-, sEH-/- or Ephx2-/-, vascular sEH-overexpressed (Tie2-sEH Tr), vascular CYP2J2-overexpressed (Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr), and wild-type (WT) mice. This review article also summarizes the role of pro-and anti-inflammatory oxylipins in cardiovascular function/dysfunction in mice and humans. Therefore, more studies are needed better to understand the crosstalk between the adenosine receptors and eicosanoids to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools by using plasma oxylipins profiles in CVDs, including hypertensive cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Nayeem
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Ahmad Hanif
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie Agba
- Graduate student, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Li S, Chen J, Liu M, Chen Y, Wu Y, Li Q, Ma T, Gao J, Xia Y, Fan M, Chen A, Lu D, Su E, Xu F, Chen Z, Qian J, Ge J. Protective effect of HINT2 on mitochondrial function via repressing MCU complex activation attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:65. [PMID: 34914018 PMCID: PMC8677646 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence indicates that coronary microcirculation is a key target for protecting against cardiac ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex activation and mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]m) overload are underlying mechanisms involved in cardiovascular disease. Histidine triad nucleotide-binding 2 (HINT2) has been reported to modulate [Ca2+]m via the MCU complex, and our previous work demonstrated that HINT2 improved cardiomyocyte survival and preserved heart function in mice with cardiac ischemia. This study aimed to explore the benefits of HINT2 on cardiac microcirculation in I/R injury with a focus on mitochondria, the MCU complex, and [Ca2+]m overload in endothelial cells. The present work demonstrated that HINT2 overexpression significantly reduced the no-reflow area and improved microvascular perfusion in I/R-injured mouse hearts, potentially by promoting endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and phosphorylation. Microvascular barrier function was compromised by reperfusion injury, but was repaired by HINT2 overexpression via inhibiting VE-Cadherin phosphorylation at Tyr731 and enhancing the VE-Cadherin/β-Catenin interaction. In addition, HINT2 overexpression inhibited the inflammatory response by suppressing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Mitochondrial fission occurred in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) subjected to oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury and resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis, the effects of which were largely relieved by HINT2 overexpression. Additional experiments confirmed that [Ca2+]m overload was an initiating factor for mitochondrial fission and that HINT2 suppressed [Ca2+]m overload via modulation of the MCU complex through directly interacting with MCU in CMECs. Regaining [Ca2+]m overload by spermine, an MCU agonist, abolished all the protective effects of HINT2 on OGD/R-injured CMECs and I/R-injured cardiac microcirculation. In conclusion, the present report demonstrated that HINT2 overexpression inhibited MCU complex-mitochondrial calcium overload-mitochondrial fission and apoptosis pathway, and thereby attenuated cardiac microvascular ischemia–reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Muyin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuqiong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengkang Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Xisi Road 20, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danbo Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Enyong Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Hartmann M, Bibli SI, Tews D, Ni X, Kircher T, Kramer JS, Kilu W, Heering J, Hernandez-Olmos V, Weizel L, Scriba GKE, Krait S, Knapp S, Chaikuad A, Merk D, Fleming I, Fischer-Posovszky P, Proschak E. Combined Cardioprotective and Adipocyte Browning Effects Promoted by the Eutomer of Dual sEH/PPARγ Modulator. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2815-2828. [PMID: 33620196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of cardiovascular and metabolic symptoms involving insulin resistance, steatohepatitis, obesity, hypertension, and heart disease, and patients suffering from MetS often require polypharmaceutical treatment. PPARγ agonists are highly effective oral antidiabetics with great potential in MetS, which promote adipocyte browning and insulin sensitization. However, the application of PPARγ agonists in clinics is restricted by potential cardiovascular adverse events. We have previously demonstrated that the racemic dual sEH/PPARγ modulator RB394 (3) simultaneously improves all risk factors of MetS in vivo. In this study, we identify and characterize the eutomer of 3. We provide structural rationale for molecular recognition of the eutomer. Furthermore, we could show that the dual sEH/PPARγ modulator is able to promote adipocyte browning and simultaneously exhibits cardioprotective activity which underlines its exciting potential in treatment of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hartmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Ni
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Theresa Kircher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan S Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Whitney Kilu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Victor Hernandez-Olmos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sulaiman Krait
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
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Adenosine A 2A receptor and vascular response: role of soluble epoxide hydrolase, adenosine A 1 receptor and angiotensin-II. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1965-1978. [PMID: 33511551 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04049-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have reported that the coronary reactive hyperemic response was reduced in adenosine A2A receptor-null (A2AAR-/-) mice, and it was reversed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor. However, it is unknown in aortic vascular response, therefore, we hypothesized that A2AAR-gene deletion in mice (A2AAR-/-) affects adenosine-induced vascular response by increase in sEH and adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) activities. A2AAR-/- mice showed an increase in sEH, AI AR and CYP450-4A protein expression but decrease in CYP450-2C compared to C57Bl/6 mice. NECA (adenosine-analog) and CCPA (adenosine A1 receptor-agonist)-induced dose-dependent vascular response was tested with t-AUCB (sEH-inhibitor) and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) in A2AAR-/- vs. C57Bl/6 mice. In A2AAR-/-, NECA and CCPA-induced increase in dose-dependent vasoconstriction compared to C57Bl/6 mice. However, NECA and CCPA-induced dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- was reduced by t-AUCB with NECA. Similarly, dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- was reduced by t-AUCB with CCPA. In addition, Ang-II enhanced NECA and CCPA-induced dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- with NECA. Similarly, the dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- was also enhanced by Ang-II with CCPA. Further, t-AUCB reduced Ang-II-enhanced NECA and CCPA-induced dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- mice. Our data suggest that the dose-dependent vascular contraction in A2AAR-/- mice depends on increase in sEH, A1AR and CYP4A protein expression.
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Du Y, Taylor CG, Aukema HM, Zahradka P. Role of oxylipins generated from dietary PUFAs in the modulation of endothelial cell function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 160:102160. [PMID: 32717531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins, which are circulating bioactive lipids generated from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by cyclooxygenase, lipooxygenase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, have diverse effects on endothelial cells. Although studies of the effects of oxylipins on endothelial cell function are accumulating, a review that provides a comprehensive compilation of current knowledge and recent advances in the context of vascular homeostasis is lacking. This is the first compilation of the various in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo reports to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of action of oxylipins on endothelial cells. The aggregate data indicate docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxylipins consistently show beneficial effects related to key endothelial cell functions, whereas oxylipins derived from other PUFAs exhibit both positive and negative effects. Furthermore, information is lacking for certain oxylipin classes, such as those derived from α-linolenic acid, which suggests additional studies are required to achieve a full understanding of how oxylipins affect endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Du
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Vascular Lipidomic Profiling of Potential Endogenous Fatty Acid PPAR Ligands Reveals the Coronary Artery as Major Producer of CYP450-Derived Epoxy Fatty Acids. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051096. [PMID: 32365470 PMCID: PMC7290345 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of oxylipins have been described as endogenous PPAR ligands. The very short biological half-lives of oxylipins suggest roles as autocrine or paracrine signaling molecules. While coronary arterial atherosclerosis is the root of myocardial infarction, aortic atherosclerotic plaque formation is a common readout of in vivo atherosclerosis studies in mice. Improved understanding of the compartmentalized sources of oxylipin PPAR ligands will increase our knowledge of the roles of PPAR signaling in diverse vascular tissues. Here, we performed a targeted lipidomic analysis of ex vivo-generated oxylipins from porcine aorta, coronary artery, pulmonary artery and perivascular adipose. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostanoids were the most abundant detectable oxylipin from all tissues. By contrast, the coronary artery produced significantly higher levels of oxylipins from CYP450 pathways than other tissues. The TLR4 ligand LPS induced prostanoid formation in all vascular tissue tested. The 11-HETE, 15-HETE, and 9-HODE were also induced by LPS from the aorta and pulmonary artery but not coronary artery. Epoxy fatty acid (EpFA) formation was largely unaffected by LPS. The pig CYP2J homologue CYP2J34 was expressed in porcine vascular tissue and primary coronary artery smooth muscle cells (pCASMCs) in culture. Treatment of pCASMCs with LPS induced a robust profile of pro-inflammatory target genes: TNFα, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MCP-1 and CD40L. The soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor TPPU, which prevents the breakdown of endogenous CYP-derived EpFAs, significantly suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory target genes. In conclusion, PPAR-activating oxylipins are produced and regulated in a vascular site-specific manner. The CYP450 pathway is highly active in the coronary artery and capable of providing anti-inflammatory oxylipins that prevent processes of inflammatory vascular disease progression.
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Agba S, Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Nayeem MA. Cyp2j5-Gene Deletion Affects on Acetylcholine and Adenosine-Induced Relaxation in Mice: Role of Angiotensin-II and CYP-Epoxygenase Inhibitor. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:27. [PMID: 32116704 PMCID: PMC7014568 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed vascular endothelial overexpression of human-CYP2J2 enhances coronary reactive hyperemia in Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr mice, and eNOS−/− mice had overexpression of CYP2J-epoxygenase with adenosine A2A receptor-induced enhance relaxation, but we did not see the response in CYP2J-epoxygenase knockout mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that Cyp2j5-gene deletion affects acetylcholine- and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) (adenosine)-induced relaxation and their response is partially inhibited by angiotensin-II (Ang-II) in mice. Acetylcholine (Ach)-induced response was tested with N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzenehexanamide (MS-PPOH, CYP-epoxygenase inhibitor; 10−5M) and Ang-II (10−6M). In Cyp2j5−/− mice, ACh-induced relaxation was different from C57Bl/6 mice, at 10−5 M (76.1 ± 3.3 vs. 58.3 ± 5.2, P < 0.05). However, ACh-induced relaxation was not blocked by MS-PPOH in Cyp2j5−/−: 58.5 ± 5.0%, P > 0.05, but blocked in C57Bl/6: 52.3 ± 7.5%, P < 0.05, and Ang-II reduces ACh-induced relaxation in both Cyp2j5−/− and C57Bl/6 mice (38.8 ± 3.9% and 45.9 ± 7.8, P <0.05). In addition, NECA-induced response was tested with Ang-II. In Cyp2j5−/− mice, NECA-induced response was not different from C57Bl/6 mice at 10−5M (23.1 ± 2.1 vs. 21.1 ± 3.8, P > 0.05). However, NECA-induced response was reduced by Ang-II in both Cyp2j5−/− and C57Bl/6 mice (−10.8 ± 2.3% and 3.2 ± 2.7, P < 0.05). Data suggest that ACh-induced relaxation in Cyp2j5−/− mice depends on nitric oxide (NO) but not CYP-epoxygenases, and the NECA-induced different response in male vs. female Cyp2j5−/− mice when Ang-II treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Agba
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Ahmad Hanif
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mohammed A Nayeem
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Nayeem MA. Ephx2-gene deletion affects acetylcholine-induced relaxation in angiotensin-II infused mice: role of nitric oxide and CYP-epoxygenases. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 465:37-51. [PMID: 31797255 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that adenosine A2A receptor induces relaxation independent of NO in soluble epoxide hydrolase-null mice (Nayeem et al. in Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 304:R23-R32, 2013). Currently, we hypothesize that Ephx2-gene deletion affects acetylcholine (Ach)-induced relaxation which is independent of A2AAR but dependent on NO and CYP-epoxygenases. Ephx2-/- aortas showed a lack of sEH (97.1%, P < 0.05) but an increase in microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH, 37%, P < 0.05) proteins compared to C57Bl/6 mice, and no change in CYP2C29 and CYP2J protein (P > 0.05). Ach-induced response was tested with nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) NO-inhibitor; 10-4 M), N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzenehexanamide (MS-PPOH) (CYP-epoxygenase inhibitor; 10-5 M), 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (14,15-EEZE, an epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-antagonist; 10-5 M), SCH-58261 (A2AAR-antagonist; 10-6 M), and angiotensin-II (Ang-II, 10-6 M). In Ephx2-/- mice, Ach-induced relaxation was not different from C57Bl/6 mice except at 10-5 M (92.75 ± 2.41 vs. 76.12 ± 3.34, P < 0.05). However, Ach-induced relaxation was inhibited with L-NAME (Ephx2-/-: 23.74 ± 3.76% and C57Bl/6: 11.61 ± 2.82%), MS-PPOH (Ephx2-/-: 48.16 ± 6.53% and C57Bl/6: 52.27 ± 7.47%), and 14,15-EEZE (Ephx2-/-: 44.29 ± 8.33% and C57Bl/6: 39.27 ± 7.47%) vs. non-treated (P < 0.05). But, it did not block with SCH-58261 (Ephx2-/-: 68.75 ± 11.41% and C57Bl/6: 66.26 ± 9.43%, P > 0.05) vs. non-treated (P > 0.05). Interestingly, Ang-II attenuates less relaxation in Ehx2-/- vs. C57Bl/6 mice (58.80 ± 7.81% vs. 45.92 ± 7.76, P < 0.05). Our data suggest that Ach-induced relaxation in Ephx2-/- mice depends on NO and CYP-epoxygenases but not on A2A AR, and Ephx2-gene deletion attenuates less Ach-induced relaxation in Ang-II-infused mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanif
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mohammed A Nayeem
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center-School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Biomedical Research Building, 2nd Floor, Room # 220, 1 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9530, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9530, USA.
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12
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Role of oxylipins in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1142-1154. [PMID: 29877318 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of mortality. Approximately 18 million people died from CVDs in 2015, representing more than 30% of all global deaths. New diagnostic tools and therapies are eagerly required to decrease the prevalence of CVDs related to mortality and/or risk factors leading to CVDs. Oxylipins are a group of metabolites, generated via oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are involved in inflammation, immunity, and vascular functions, etc. Thus far, over 100 oxylipins have been identified, and have overlapping and interconnected roles. Important CVD pathologies such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, thrombosis, hemostasis and diabetes have been linked to abnormal oxylipin signaling. Oxylipins represent a new era of risk markers and/or therapeutic targets in several diseases including CVDs. The role of many oxylipins in the progression or regression in CVD, however, is still not fully understood. An increased knowledge of the role of these oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular dysfunctions or CVDs including hypertension could possibly lead to the development of biomarkers for the detection and their treatment in the future.
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Martinez JA, Yang J, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Schriewer A, Lance P, Alberts DS, Hammock BD, Thompson PA. Celecoxib use and circulating oxylipins in a colon polyp prevention trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196398. [PMID: 29698447 PMCID: PMC5919576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) to prostaglandin E2 are potent anti-inflammatory agents used widely in the treatment of joint and muscle pain. Despite their benefits, daily use of these drugs has been associated with hypertension, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal toxicities. It is now recognized that ARA is metabolized to a number of bioactive oxygenated lipids (oxylipins) by cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Currently, the contribution of individual variability in ARA metabolism in response to the COX-2 inhibitors and potential adverse effects remains poorly understood. Using patient samples from the randomized, placebo-controlled phase III selenium/celecoxib (Sel/Cel) trial for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, we analyzed plasma concentrations of 74 oxylipins in a subset of participants who received celecoxib (n = 90) or placebo (n = 95). We assessed the effect of celecoxib (with and without low dose aspirin) on circulating oxylipins and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Individual CYP450- and LOX- but not COX-derived metabolites were higher with celecoxib than placebo (P<0.05) and differences were greater among non-aspirin users. LOX derived 5- and 8-HETE were elevated with celecoxib and positively associated with systolic blood pressure (P = 0.011 and P = 0.019 respectively). 20-HETE, a prohypertensive androgen-sensitive CYP450 metabolite was higher with celecoxib absent aspirin and was positively associated with SBP in men (P = 0.040) but not women. Independent of celecoxib or aspirin, LOX derived metabolites from ARA were strongly associated with SBP including 5- and 8-HETE. These findings support oxylipins, particularly the ARA LOX-derived, in blood pressure control and indicate that pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 has effects on LOX and CYP450 ARA metabolism that contribute to hypertension in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America
| | - Alexander Schriewer
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Reduced coronary reactive hyperemia in mice was reversed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (t-AUCB): Role of adenosine A 2A receptor and plasma oxylipins. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 131:83-95. [PMID: 28890385 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH) protects the heart against ischemia. Adenosine A2AAR-deficient (A2AAR-/-) mice have increased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH); the enzyme responsible for breaking down the cardioprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). sEH-inhibition enhances CRH, increases EETs, and modulates oxylipin profiles. We investigated the changes of oxylipins and their impact on CRH in A2AAR-/- and wild type (WT) mice. We hypothesized that the attenuated CRH in A2AAR-/- mice is mediated by changes in oxylipin profiles, and that it can be reversed by either sEH- or ω-hydroxylases-inhibition. Compared to WT mice, A2AAR-/- mice had attenuated CRH and changed oxylipin profiles, which were consistent between plasma and heart perfusate samples, including decreased EET/DHET ratios, and increased hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs). Plasma oxylipns in A2AAR-/- mice indicated an increased proinflammatory state including increased ω-terminal HETEs, decreased epoxyoctadecaenoic/dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acids (EpOMEs/DiHOMEs) ratios, increased 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, and increased prostanoids. Inhibition of either sEH or ω-hydroxylases reversed the reduced CRH in A2AAR-/- mice. In WT and sEH-/- mice, blocking A2AAR decreased CRH. These data demonstrate that A2AAR-deletion was associated with changes in oxylipin profiles, which may contribute to the attenuated CRH. Also, inhibition of sEH and ω-hydroxylases reversed the reduction in CRH.
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Halade GV, Kain V, Ingle KA, Prabhu SD. Interaction of 12/15-lipoxygenase with fatty acids alters the leukocyte kinetics leading to improved postmyocardial infarction healing. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H89-H102. [PMID: 28411230 PMCID: PMC5538863 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic transformation of fatty acids to form oxylipids using 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX) can promote either resolving or nonresolving inflammation. However, the mechanism of how 12/15-LOX interacts with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) healing is unclear. Here, we reported the role of 12/15-LOX in post-MI cardiac remodeling in a PUFA [10% (wt/wt), 22 kcal]-enriched environment. Wild-type (WT; C57BL/6J) and 12/15-LOX-null (12/15-LOX-/-) male mice of 8-12 wk of age were fed a PUFA-enriched diet for 1 mo and subjected to permanent coronary artery ligation. Post-MI mice were monitored for day 1 or until day 5 along with standard diet-fed MI controls. No-MI surgery mice served as naïve controls. PUFA-fed WT and 12/15-LOX-/- mice improved ejection fraction and reduced lung edema greater than WT mice at day 5 post-MI (P < 0.05). Post-MI, neutrophil density was decreased in PUFA-fed WT and 12/15-LOX-/- mice at day 1 (P < 0.05). Deletion of 12/15-LOX in mice led to increased cytochrome P-450-derived bioactive lipid mediator epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), i.e., 11,12-EpETrE and 14,15-EpETrE, which were further enhanced by acute PUFA intake post-MI. Macrophage density was decreased in WT + PUFA and 12/15-LOX-/- mice compared with their respective standard diet-fed WT controls at day 5 post-MI. 12/15-LOX-/- + PUFA mice displayed an increased expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 and reparative macrophages markers (Ym-1, Mrc-1, and Arg-1, all P < 0.05) in the infarcted area. Furthermore, 12/15-LOX-/- mice, with or without PUFA, showed reduced collagen deposition at day 5 post-MI compared with WT mice. In conclusion, deletion of 12/15-LOX and short-term exposure of PUFA promoted leukocyte clearance, thereby limiting cardiac remodeling and promoting an effective resolution of inflammation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study determined that 1) deletion of 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX) promotes the generation of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, the cytochrome P-450-derived metabolites in postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) healing; 2) acute exposure of fatty acids to 12/15-LOX-/- mice drives leukocyte (neutrophils and macrophages) clearance post-MI; and 3) metabolic transformation of fats is the significant contributor in leukocyte clearance to drive either resolving or nonresolving inflammation post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Vasundhara Kain
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kevin A Ingle
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Morisseau C, Falck JR, Nayeem MA. Vascular endothelial overexpression of human CYP2J2 (Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr) modulates cardiac oxylipin profiles and enhances coronary reactive hyperemia in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174137. [PMID: 28328948 PMCID: PMC5362206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid is metabolized to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by cytochrome (CYP) P450 epoxygenases, and to ω-terminal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) by ω-hydroxylases. EETs and HETEs often have opposite biologic effects; EETs are vasodilatory and protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, while ω-terminal HETEs are vasoconstrictive and cause vascular dysfunction. Other oxylipins, such as epoxyoctadecaenoic acids (EpOMEs), hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs), and prostanoids also have varied vascular effects. Post-ischemic vasodilation in the heart, known as coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH), protects against potential damage to the heart muscle caused by ischemia. The relationship among CRH response to ischemia, in mice with altered levels of CYP2J epoxygenases has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of endothelial overexpression of the human cytochrome P450 epoxygenase CYP2J2 in mice (Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr) on oxylipin profiles and CRH. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of pharmacologic inhibition of CYP-epoxygenases and inhibition of ω-hydroxylases on CRH. We hypothesized that CRH would be enhanced in isolated mouse hearts with vascular endothelial overexpression of human CYP2J2 through modulation of oxylipin profiles. Similarly, we expected that inhibition of CYP-epoxygenases would reduce CRH, whereas inhibition of ω-hydroxylases would enhance CRH. Compared to WT mice, Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr mice had enhanced CRH, including repayment volume, repayment duration, and repayment/debt ratio (P < 0.05). Similarly, inhibition of ω-hydroxylases increased repayment volume and repayment duration, in Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr compared to WT mice (P < 0.05). Endothelial overexpression of CYP2J2 significantly changed oxylipin profiles, including increased EETs (P < 0.05), increased EpOMEs (P < 0.05), and decreased 8-iso-PGF2α (P < 0.05). Inhibition of CYP epoxygenases with MS-PPOH attenuated CRH (P < 0.05). Ischemia caused a decrease in mid-chain HETEs (5-, 11-, 12-, 15-HETEs P < 0.05) and HODEs (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that vascular endothelial overexpression of CYP2J2, through changing the oxylipin profiles, enhances CRH. Inhibition of CYP epoxygenases decreases CRH, whereas inhibition of ω-hydroxylases enhances CRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanif
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research. West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - John R. Falck
- Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mohammed A. Nayeem
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research. West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
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Geldenhuys WJ, Khayat MT, Yun J, Nayeem MA. Drug Delivery and Nanoformulations for the Cardiovascular System. RESEARCH & REVIEWS. DRUG DELIVERY 2017; 1:32-40. [PMID: 28713881 PMCID: PMC5507069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic delivery to the cardiovascular system may play an important role in the successful treatment of a variety of disease state, including atherosclerosis, ischemic-reperfusion injury and other types of microvascular diseases including hypertension. In this review we evaluate the different options available for the development of suitable delivery systems that include the delivery of small organic compounds [adenosin A2A receptor agonist (CGS 21680), CYP-epoxygenases inhibitor (N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-(2-propynyloxy)-benzenehexanamide, trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-ylureido)cyclohexyloxy] benzoic acid), soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (N-methylsulfonyl-12,12-dibromododec-11-enamide), PPARγ agonist (rosiglitazone) and PPARγ antagonist (T0070907)], nanoparticles, peptides, and siRNA to the cardiovascular system. Effective formulations of nanoproducts have significant potential to overcome physiological barriers and improve therapeutic outcomes in patients. As per the literature covering targeted delivery to the cardiovascular system, we found that this area is still at infancy stage, as compare to the more mature fields of tumor cancer or brain delivery (e.g. blood-brain barrier permeability) with fewer publications focused on the targeted drug delivery technologies. Additionally, we show how pharmacology needs to be well understood when considering the cardiovascular system. Therefore, we discussed in this review various receptors agonists, antagonists, activators and inhibitors which will have effects on cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- WJ Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, Morgantown WV 26506 USA
| | - MT Khayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, Morgantown WV 26506 USA
- Deparment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, School of Pharmacy, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Yun
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown OH 44272 USA
| | - MA Nayeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, Morgantown WV 26506 USA
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