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Wu M, Yu J, Zhong A, Tang Y, Li M, Liu C, Sun D. Muscle ultrasound to identify prednisone-induced muscle damage in adults with nephrotic syndrome. Steroids 2024; 207:109434. [PMID: 38710261 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Steroid myopathy is a non-inflammatory toxic myopathy that primarily affects the proximal muscles of the lower limbs. Due to its non-specific symptoms, it is often overshadowed by patients' underlying conditions. Prolonged or high-dosage use of glucocorticoids leads to a gradual decline in muscle mass. There are no tools available to identify the course of steroid myopathy before the patient displays substantial clinical symptoms. In this study, we investigated individuals with nephrotic syndrome receiving prednisone who underwent muscle ultrasound to obtain cross-sectional and longitudinal pictures of three major proximal muscles in the lower limbs: the vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius muscles. Our findings revealed that grip strength was impaired in the prednisolone group, creatine kinase levels were reduced within the normal range; echo intensity of the vastus lateralis and medial gastrocnemius muscles was enhanced, the pennation angle was reduced, and the tibialis anterior muscle exhibited increased echo intensity and decreased thickness. The total dose of prednisone and the total duration of treatment impacted the degree of muscle damage. Our findings indicate that muscle ultrasound effectively monitors muscle structure changes in steroid myopathy. Combining clinical symptoms, serum creatine kinase levels, and grip strength improves the accuracy of muscle injury evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Jinnuo Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Ao Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Manzhi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Clinical Research Center For Kidney Disease, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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Wu M, Liu C, Sun D. Glucocorticoid-Induced Myopathy: Typology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:341-349. [PMID: 38224966 DOI: 10.1055/a-2246-2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced myopathy is a non-inflammatory toxic myopathy typified by proximal muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, fatigue, and easy fatigability. These vague symptoms coupled with underlying disorders may mask the signs of glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, leading to an underestimation of the disease's impact. This review briefly summarizes the classification, pathogenesis, and treatment options for glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting. Additionally, we discuss current diagnostic measures in clinical research and routine care used for diagnosing and monitoring glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, which includes gait speed tests, muscle strength tests, hematologic tests, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electromyography, quantitative muscle ultrasound, histological examination, and genetic analysis. Continuous monitoring of patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy plays an important role in enabling early detection of glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, allowing physicians to modify treatment plans before significant clinical weakness arises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Valli G, Ritsche P, Casolo A, Negro F, De Vito G. Tutorial: Analysis of central and peripheral motor unit properties from decomposed High-Density surface EMG signals with openhdemg. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2024; 74:102850. [PMID: 38065045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
High-Density surface Electromyography (HD-sEMG) is the most established technique for the non-invasive analysis of single motor unit (MU) activity in humans. It provides the possibility to study the central properties (e.g., discharge rate) of large populations of MUs by analysis of their firing pattern. Additionally, by spike-triggered averaging, peripheral properties such as MUs conduction velocity can be estimated over adjacent regions of the muscles and single MUs can be tracked across different recording sessions. In this tutorial, we guide the reader through the investigation of MUs properties from decomposed HD-sEMG recordings by providing both the theoretical knowledge and practical tools necessary to perform the analyses. The practical application of this tutorial is based on openhdemg, a free and open-source community-based framework for the automated analysis of MUs properties built on Python 3 and composed of different modules for HD-sEMG data handling, visualisation, editing, and analysis. openhdemg is interfaceable with most of the available recording software, equipment or decomposition techniques, and all the built-in functions are easily adaptable to different experimental needs. The framework also includes a graphical user interface which enables users with limited coding skills to perform a robust and reliable analysis of MUs properties without coding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Valli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Paul Ritsche
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Casolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Francesco Negro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Boccia G, D'Emanuele S, Brustio PR, Rainoldi A, Schena F, Tarperi C. Decreased neural drive affects the early rate of force development after repeated burst-like isometric contractions. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14528. [PMID: 37899668 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The neural drive to the muscle is the primary determinant of the rate of force development (RFD) in the first 50 ms of a rapid contraction. It is still unproven if repetitive rapid contractions specifically impair the net neural drive to the muscles. To isolate the fatiguing effect of contraction rapidity, 17 male adult volunteers performed 100 burst-like (i.e., brief force pulses) isometric contractions of the knee extensors. The response to electrically-evoked single and octet femoral nerve stimulation was measured with high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) from the vastus lateralis and medialis muscles. Root mean square (RMS) of each channel of HD-sEMG was normalized to the corresponding M-wave peak-to-peak amplitude, while muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) was normalized to M-wave conduction velocity to compensate for changes in sarcolemma properties. Voluntary RFD 0-50 ms decreased (d = -0.56, p < 0.001) while time to peak force (d = 0.90, p < 0.001) and time to RFDpeak increased (d = 0.56, p = 0.034). Relative RMS (d = -1.10, p = 0.006) and MFCV (d = -0.53, p = 0.007) also decreased in the first 50 ms of voluntary contractions. Evoked octet RFD 0-50 ms (d = 0.60, p = 0.020), M-wave amplitude (d = 0.77, p = 0.009) and conduction velocity (d = 1.75, p < 0.001) all increased. Neural efficacy, i.e., voluntary/octet force ratio, largely decreased (d = -1.50, p < 0.001). We isolated the fatiguing impact of contraction rapidity and found that the decrement in RFD, particularly when calculated in the first 50 ms of muscle contraction, can mainly be explained by a decrease in the net neural drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Boccia
- Neuromuscular Function research group, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Samuel D'Emanuele
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Riccardo Brustio
- Neuromuscular Function research group, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainoldi
- Neuromuscular Function research group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cantor Tarperi
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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5
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Costa-Garcia A, Murai A, Shimoda S. Pattern Matching for Real-Time Extraction of Fast and Slow Spectral Components From sEMG Signals. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:3587-3596. [PMID: 37656649 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3311037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of surface electromyography (sEMG) spectral decomposition in evaluating muscle performance, motor learning, and early diagnosis of muscle conditions. However, decomposition techniques require large data sets and are computationally demanding, making their implementation in real-life scenarios challenging. Based on the hypothesis that spectral components will present low inter-subject variability, the present paper proposes the foundational principles for developing a real-time system for their extraction by utilizing a pre-defined library of components derived from an extensive data set to match new measurements. The model library was tailored to fulfill specific requirements for real-time system application and the challenges encountered during implementation are discussed in the paper. For system validation, four distinct data sets comprising isotonic and isometric muscle activations were utilized. The extracted during validation showed low inter-subject variability, suggesting that a wide range of physiological variations can be described with them. The adoption of the proposed system for muscle analysis could provide a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing different motor conditions and neuromuscular disorders, as it allows for the measurement of these components in various daily-life scenarios.
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Casolo A, Maeo S, Balshaw TG, Lanza MB, Martin NRW, Nuccio S, Moro T, Paoli A, Felici F, Maffulli N, Eskofier B, Kinfe TM, Folland JP, Farina D, Vecchio AD. Non-invasive estimation of muscle fibre size from high-density electromyography. J Physiol 2023; 601:1831-1850. [PMID: 36929484 DOI: 10.1113/jp284170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the biophysical relation between muscle fibre diameter and the propagation velocity of action potentials along the muscle fibres, motor unit conduction velocity could be a non-invasive index of muscle fibre size in humans. However, the relation between motor unit conduction velocity and fibre size has been only assessed indirectly in animal models and in human patients with invasive intramuscular EMG recordings, or it has been mathematically derived from computer simulations. By combining advanced non-invasive techniques to record motor unit activity in vivo, i.e. high-density surface EMG, with the gold standard technique for muscle tissue sampling, i.e. muscle biopsy, here we investigated the relation between the conduction velocity of populations of motor units identified from the biceps brachii muscle, and muscle fibre diameter. We demonstrate the possibility of predicting muscle fibre diameter (R2 = 0.66) and cross-sectional area (R2 = 0.65) from conduction velocity estimates with low systematic bias (∼2% and ∼4% respectively) and a relatively low margin of individual error (∼8% and ∼16%, respectively). The proposed neuromuscular interface opens new perspectives in the use of high-density EMG as a non-invasive tool to estimate muscle fibre size without the need of surgical biopsy sampling. The non-invasive nature of high-density surface EMG for the assessment of muscle fibre size may be useful in studies monitoring child development, ageing, space and exercise physiology, although the applicability and validity of the proposed methodology need to be more directly assessed in these specific populations by future studies. KEY POINTS: Because of the biophysical relation between muscle fibre size and the propagation velocity of action potentials along the sarcolemma, motor unit conduction velocity could represent a potential non-invasive candidate for estimating muscle fibre size in vivo. This relation has been previously assessed in animal models and humans with invasive techniques, or it has been mathematically derived from simulations. By combining high-density surface EMG with muscle biopsy, here we explored the relation between the conduction velocity of populations of motor units and muscle fibre size in healthy individuals. Our results confirmed that motor unit conduction velocity can be considered as a novel biomarker of fibre size, which can be adopted to predict muscle fibre diameter and cross-sectional area with low systematic bias and margin of individual error. The proposed neuromuscular interface opens new perspectives in the use of high-density EMG as a non-invasive tool to estimate muscle fibre size without the need of surgical biopsy sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Sumiaki Maeo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Thomas G Balshaw
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Marcel B Lanza
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neil R W Martin
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Stefano Nuccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, School Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent, UK
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bjoern Eskofier
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kinfe
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonathan P Folland
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Škarabot J, Folland JP, Forsyth J, Vazoukis A, Holobar A, Del Vecchio A. Motor Unit Discharge Characteristics and Conduction Velocity of the Vastii Muscles in Long-Term Resistance-Trained Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:824-836. [PMID: 36729054 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adjustments in motor unit (MU) discharge properties have been shown after short-term resistance training; however, MU adaptations in long-term resistance-trained (RT) individuals are less clear. Here, we concurrently assessed MU discharge characteristics and MU conduction velocity in long-term RT and untrained (UT) men. METHODS Motor unit discharge characteristics (discharge rate, recruitment, and derecruitment threshold) and MU conduction velocity were assessed after the decomposition of high-density electromyograms recorded from vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) of RT (>3 yr; n = 14) and UT ( n = 13) during submaximal and maximal isometric knee extension. RESULTS Resistance-trained men were on average 42% stronger (maximal voluntary force [MVF], 976.7 ± 85.4 N vs 685.5 ± 123.1 N; P < 0.0001), but exhibited similar relative MU recruitment (VL, 21.3% ± 4.3% vs 21.0% ± 2.3% MVF; VM, 24.5% ± 4.2% vs 22.7% ± 5.3% MVF) and derecruitment thresholds (VL, 20.3% ± 4.3% vs 19.8% ± 2.9% MVF; VM, 24.2% ± 4.8% vs 22.9% ± 3.7% MVF; P ≥ 0.4543). There were also no differences between groups in MU discharge rate at recruitment and derecruitment or at the plateau phase of submaximal contractions (VL, 10.6 ± 1.2 pps vs 10.3 ± 1.5 pps; VM, 10.7 ± 1.6 pps vs 10.8 ± 1.7 pps; P ≥ 0.3028). During maximal contractions of a subsample population (10 RT, 9 UT), MU discharge rate was also similar in RT compared with UT (VL, 21.1 ± 4.1 pps vs 14.0 ± 4.5 pps; VM, 19.5 ± 5.0 pps vs 17.0 ± 6.3 pps; P = 0.7173). Motor unit conduction velocity was greater in RT compared with UT individuals in both VL (4.9 ± 0.5 m·s -1 vs 4.5 ± 0.3 m·s -1 ; P < 0.0013) and VM (4.8 ± 0.5 m·s -1 vs 4.4 ± 0.3 m·s -1 ; P < 0.0073). CONCLUSIONS Resistance-trained and UT men display similar MU discharge characteristics in the knee extensor muscles during maximal and submaximal contractions. The between-group strength difference is likely explained by superior muscle morphology of RT as suggested by greater MU conduction velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Škarabot
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Jules Forsyth
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Apostolos Vazoukis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Aleš Holobar
- Systems Software Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Maribor, SLOVENIA
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, GERMANY
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Etana BB, Malengier B, Kwa T, Krishnamoorthy J, Langenhove LV. Evaluation of Novel Embroidered Textile-Electrodes Made from Hybrid Polyamide Conductive Threads for Surface EMG Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23094397. [PMID: 37177601 PMCID: PMC10181695 DOI: 10.3390/s23094397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the number of reports on textile-based dry electrodes that can detect biopotentials without the need for electrolytic gels. However, these textile electrodes have a higher electrode skin interface impedance due to the improper contact between the skin and the electrode, diminishing the reliability and repeatability of the sensor. To facilitate improved skin-electrode contact, the effects of load and holding contact pressure were monitored for an embroidered textile electrode composed of multifilament hybrid thread for its application as a surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor. The effect of the textile's inter-electrode distance and double layering of embroidery that increases the density of the conductive threads were studied. Electrodes embroidered onto an elastic strap were wrapped around the forearm with a hook and loop fastener and tested for their performance. Time domain features such as the Root Mean Square (RMS), Average Rectified Value (ARV), and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) were quantitatively monitored in relation to the contact pressure and load. Experiments were performed in triplicates, and the sEMG signal characteristics were observed for various loads (0, 2, 4, and 6 kg) and holding contact pressures (5, 10, and 20 mmHg). sEMG signals recorded with textile electrodes were comparable in amplitude to those recorded using typical Ag/AgCl electrodes (28.45 dB recorded), while the signal-to-noise ratios were, 11.77, 19.60, 19.91, and 20.93 dB for the different loads, and 21.33, 23.34, and 17.45 dB for different holding pressures. The signal quality increased as the elastic strap was tightened further, but a pressure higher than 20 mmHg is not recommended because of the discomfort experienced by the subjects during data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulcha Belay Etana
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Jimma Institute of Technology (JiT), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 378, Ethiopia
| | - Benny Malengier
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Timothy Kwa
- Medtronic, 710 Medtronic Parkway Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN 55432-5604, USA
| | - Janarthanan Krishnamoorthy
- Jimma Institute of Technology (JiT), School of Biomedical Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 378, Ethiopia
| | - Lieva Van Langenhove
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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D'Emanuele S, Tarperi C, Rainoldi A, Schena F, Boccia G. Neural and contractile determinants of burst-like explosive isometric contractions of the knee extensors. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:127-135. [PMID: 36229231 PMCID: PMC10099358 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Walking and running are based on rapid burst-like muscle contractions. Burst-like contractions generate a Gaussian-shaped force profile, in which neuromuscular determinants have never been assessed. We investigated the neural and contractile determinants of the rate of force development (RFD) in burst-like isometric knee extensions. Together with maximal voluntary force (MVF), voluntary and electrically evoked (8 stimuli at 300 Hz, octets) forces were measured in the first 50, 100, and 150 ms of burst-like quadriceps contractions in 24 adults. High-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) was adopted to measure the root mean square (RMS) and muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) from the vastus lateralis and medialis. The determinants of voluntary force at 50, 100, and 150 ms were assessed by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Force at 50 ms was explained by RMS (R2 = 0.361); force at 100 ms was explained by octet (R2 = 0.646); force at 150 ms was explained by MVF (R2 = 0.711) and octet (R2 = 0.061). Peak RFD (which occurred at 60 ± 10 ms from contraction onset) was explained by MVF (R2 = 0.518) and by RMS50 (R2 = 0.074). MFCV did not emerge as a determinant of RFD. Muscle excitation was the sole determinant of early RFD (50 ms), while contractile characteristics were more relevant for late RFD (≥100 ms). As peak RFD is mostly determined by MVF, it may not be more informative than MVF itself. Therefore, a time-locked analysis of RFD provides more insights into the neuromuscular characteristics of explosive contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D'Emanuele
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cantor Tarperi
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Neuromuscular Function Research Group, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainoldi
- Neuromuscular Function Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gennaro Boccia
- Neuromuscular Function Research Group, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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10
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Kouyoumdjian JA, Graca CR. Muscle fiber conduction velocity in situ revisited: A new approach to an ancient technique. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1118510. [PMID: 36908604 PMCID: PMC9996126 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1118510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) in situ in the tibialis anterior muscle in healthy subjects. A total of 36 subjects matched for age and sex were studied. The MFCV was measured with a concentric needle by intramuscular monopolar needle electrical activation at a distance of 50 mm. The mean consecutive difference (MCD) of <5 μs was obtained after a median of 62 muscle fiber action potentials (MFAPs), confirming a direct muscle fiber activation. The measuring latency was at the median point of ascending depolarizing line of the MFAP. The calculated MFCV from 784 MFAPs was 4.10 ± 0.66 m/s, 3.99 ± 0.57 for female subjects (95%, 2.85 to 5.13), and 4.20 ± 0.73 for male subjects (95%, 2.74 to 5.67). The MFCV was 5.22% faster in male subjects. The calculated fast-to-slow MFCV ratio (F/S ratio) was 1.47 for female subjects (95%, 1.27 to 2.54) and 1.67 for male subjects (95%, 1.31 to 3.74). Aging significantly increased the F/S ratio. As the MFCVs mainly depend on the muscle diameter, their assessment is a quick and helpful tool for estimating it. Its variability by the F/S ratio is also a powerful tool in the follow-up of some neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Aris Kouyoumdjian
- Neuromuscular Investigation Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, State Medical School (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Renata Graca
- Neuromuscular Investigation Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, State Medical School (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Costa-García Á, Iáñez E, Yokoyama M, Ueda S, Okajima S, Shimoda S. Quantification of high and low sEMG spectral components during sustained isometric contraction. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15296. [PMID: 35614546 PMCID: PMC9133435 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial Electromyography (sEMG) spectrum contains aggregated information from several underlying physiological processes. Due to technological limitations, the isolation of these processes is challenging, and therefore, the interpretation of changes in muscle activity frequency is still controversial. Recent studies showed that the spectrum of sEMG signals recorded from isotonic and short-term isometric contractions can be decomposed into independent components whose spectral features recall those of motor unit action potentials. In this paper sEMG spectral decomposition is tested during muscle fatigue induced by long-term isometric contraction where sEMG spectral changes have been widely studied. The main goals of this work are to validate spectral component extraction during long-term isometric muscle activation and the quantification of energy exchange between the low- and high-frequency bands of sEMG signals during muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Costa-García
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center in the Nagoya Science Park Research and Development Center, Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit (RIKEN), Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eduardo Iáñez
- Brain Machine Interface Systems Lab from Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Parque Cientifico UMH, Edificio Innova, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Moeka Yokoyama
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center in the Nagoya Science Park Research and Development Center, Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit (RIKEN), Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sayako Ueda
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center in the Nagoya Science Park Research and Development Center, Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit (RIKEN), Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shotaro Okajima
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center in the Nagoya Science Park Research and Development Center, Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit (RIKEN), Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shingo Shimoda
- CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center in the Nagoya Science Park Research and Development Center, Intelligent Behaviour Control Unit (RIKEN), Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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12
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Alkhedhairi SAA, Aba Alkhayl FF, Ismail AD, Rozendaal A, German M, MacLean B, Johnston L, Miller A, Hunter A, Macgregor L, Combet E, Quinn T, Gray S. The effects of krill oil supplementation on skeletal muscle function and size in older adults: a randomised controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1228-1235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Abdelnaby R, Mohamed KA, Elgenidy A, Sonbol YT, Bedewy MM, Aboutaleb AM, Ebrahim MA, Maallem I, Dardeer KT, Heikal HA, Gawish HM, Zschüntzsch J. Muscle Sonography in Inclusion Body Myositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 944 Measurements. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040600. [PMID: 35203250 PMCID: PMC8869828 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a slowly progressive muscle weakness of distal and proximal muscles, which is diagnosed by clinical and histopathological criteria. Imaging biomarkers are inconsistently used and do not follow international standardized criteria. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the diagnostic value of muscle ultrasound (US) in IBM compared to healthy controls. A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science was performed. Articles reporting the use of muscle ultrasound in IBM, and published in peer-reviewed journals until 11 September 2021, were included in our study. Seven studies were included, with a total of 108 IBM and 171 healthy controls. Echogenicity between IBM and healthy controls, which was assessed by three studies, demonstrated a significant mean difference in the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) muscle, which had a grey scale value (GSV) of 36.55 (95% CI, 28.65–44.45, p < 0.001), and in the gastrocnemius (GC), which had a GSV of 27.90 (95% CI 16.32–39.48, p < 0.001). Muscle thickness in the FDP showed no significant difference between the groups. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of US in the differentiation between IBM and the controls were 82% and 98%, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.612. IBM is a rare disease, which is reflected in the low numbers of patients included in each of the studies and thus there was high heterogeneity in the results. Nevertheless, the selected studies conclusively demonstrated significant differences in echogenicity of the FDP and GC in IBM, compared to controls. Further high-quality studies, using standardized operating procedures, are needed to implement muscle ultrasound in the diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Abdelnaby
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwels Street 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Khaled Ashraf Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Anas Elgenidy
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Yousef Tarek Sonbol
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Mahmoud Mostafa Bedewy
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | | | - Mohamed Ayman Ebrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Imene Maallem
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy Department, University Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Zaafrania Street, Annaba 23000, Algeria;
| | - Khaled Tarek Dardeer
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Hamed Amr Heikal
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Hazem Maher Gawish
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa Street, Cairo 12613, Egypt; (K.A.M.); (A.E.); (Y.T.S.); (M.M.B.); (M.A.E.); (K.T.D.); (H.A.H.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Jana Zschüntzsch
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Li X, Huang C, Lu Z, Wang I, Klein CS, Zhang L, Zhou P. Distribution of innervation zone and muscle fiber conduction velocity in the biceps brachii muscle. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 63:102637. [PMID: 35176686 PMCID: PMC8960364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distributions of muscle innervation zone (IZ) and muscle fiber conduction velocity (CV) were examined in nine healthy young male participants. High-density surface electromyography (EMG) was collected from the biceps brachii muscle when subjects performed isometric elbow flexions at 20% to 80% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). A total of 9498 samples of IZs were identified and CVs were calculated using the Radon transform. The center and width of IZ sample distribution were compared within four different force levels and six medial to lateral electrode column positions using repeated measures ANOVA and multiple comparison tests. Significant shifts of IZ center were observed in the medial columns (Columns 5, 6, and 7) compared with the lateral columns (Columns 3 and 4) (p < 0.05). Similarly, significant differences in the IZ width were found in Column 7 and 8 compared to Column 3 (p < 0.05). In contrast, muscle CV was unaffected by column position. Instead, muscle CV was faster at 40% and 80% MVC compared to 20% MVC (p < 0.05). The findings of this study add further insights into the physiological properties of the biceps brachii muscle.
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Muscle Fiber Diameter and Density Alterations after Stroke Examined by Single-Fiber EMG. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:3045990. [PMID: 34434227 PMCID: PMC8380495 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3045990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents single-fiber electromyography (EMG) analysis for assessment of paretic muscle changes after stroke. Single-fiber action potentials (SFAPs) were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle bilaterally in 12 individuals with hemiparetic stroke. The SFAP parameters, including the negative peak duration and the peak-peak amplitude, were measured and further used to estimate muscle fiber diameter through a model based on the quadratic function. The SFAP parameters, fiber density, and muscle fiber diameter derived from the model were compared between the paretic and contralateral muscles. The results show that SFAPs recorded from the paretic muscle had significantly smaller negative peak duration than that from the contralateral muscle. As a result, the derived muscle fiber diameter of the paretic muscle was significantly smaller than that of the contralateral muscle. The fiber density of the paretic muscle was significantly higher than that of the contralateral muscle. These results provide further evidence of remodeled motor units after stroke and suggest that paretic muscle weakness can be due to both complex central and peripheral neuromuscular alterations.
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16
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Chronic fatigue syndrome: Abnormally fast muscle fiber conduction in the membranes of motor units at low static force load. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:967-974. [PMID: 33639451 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM) are disorders of unknown etiology and unclear pathophysiology, with overlapping symptoms of - especially muscular -fatigue and pain. Studies have shown increased muscle fiber conduction velocity (CV) in the non-painful muscles of FM patients. We investigated whether CFS patients also show CV abnormalities. METHODS Females with CFS (n = 25), with FM (n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 21) underwent surface electromyography of the biceps brachii, loaded up to 20% of maximum strength, during short static contractions. The mean CV and motor unit potential (MUP) velocities with their statistical distribution were measured. RESULTS The CV changes with force differed between CFS-group and both FM-group and controls (P = 0.01). The CV of the CFS-group increased excessively with force (P < 0.001), whereas that of the controls increased only slightly and non-significantly, and that of the FM-group did not increase at all. In the CFS-group, the number of MUPs conveying very high conduction velocities increased abundantly with force and the MUPs narrowed. CONCLUSION Our results suggest disturbed muscle membrane function in CFS patients, in their motor units involved in low force generation. Central neural deregulation may contribute to this disturbance. SIGNIFICANCE These findings help to detangle the underlying mechanisms of CFS.
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17
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Birkbeck MG, Blamire AM, Whittaker RG, Sayer AA, Dodds RM. The role of novel motor unit magnetic resonance imaging to investigate motor unit activity in ageing skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:17-29. [PMID: 33354940 PMCID: PMC7890268 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized disease, more common in older adults, which manifests as a loss of muscle strength and mass. The pathophysiology of sarcopenia is still poorly understood with many mechanisms suggested. Age associated changes to the neuromuscular architecture, including motor units and their constituent muscle fibres, represent one such mechanism. Electromyography can be used to distinguish between different myopathies and produce counts of motor units. Evidence from electromyography studies suggests that with age, there is a loss of motor units, increases to the sizes of remaining units, and changes to their activity patterns. However, electromyography is invasive, can be uncomfortable, does not reveal the exact spatial position of motor units within muscle and is difficult to perform in deep muscles. We present a novel diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging technique called 'motor unit magnetic resonance imaging (MUMRI)'. MUMRI aims to improve our understanding of the changes to the neuromuscular system associated with ageing, sarcopenia and other neuromuscular diseases. To date, we have demonstrated that MUMRI can be used to detect statistically significant differences in fasciculation rate of motor units between (n = 4) patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (mean age ± SD: 53 ± 15) and a group of (n = 4) healthy controls (38 ± 7). Patients had significantly higher rates of fasciculation compared with healthy controls (mean = 99.1/min, range = 25.7-161.0 in patients vs. 7.7/min, range = 4.3-9.7 in controls; P < 0.05. MUMRI has detected differences in size, shape, and distribution of single human motor units between (n = 5) young healthy volunteers (29 ± 2.2) and (n = 5) healthy older volunteers (65.6 ± 14.8). The maximum size of motor unit territories in the older group was 12.4 ± 3.3 mm and 9.7 ± 2.7 mm in the young group; P < 0.05. MUMRI is an entirely non-invasive tool, which can be used to detect physiological and pathological changes to motor units in neuromuscular diseases. MUMRI also has the potential to be used as an intermediate outcome measure in sarcopenia trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Birkbeck
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Northern Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew M Blamire
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Roger G Whittaker
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Avan Aihie Sayer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard M Dodds
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Niazi IK, Kamavuako EN, Holt K, Janjua TAM, Kumari N, Amjad I, Haavik H. The Effect of Spinal Manipulation on the Electrophysiological and Metabolic Properties of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040548. [PMID: 33321904 PMCID: PMC7764559 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence showing that spinal manipulation increases muscle strength in healthy individuals as well as in people with some musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanism by which spinal manipulation changes muscle strength is less clear. This study aimed to assess the effects of a single spinal manipulation session on the electrophysiological and metabolic properties of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) of the ankle dorsiflexors, high-density electromyography (HDsEMG), intramuscular EMG, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were recorded from the TA muscle in 25 participants with low level recurring spinal dysfunction using a randomized controlled crossover design. The following outcomes: motor unit discharge rate (MUDR), strength (force at MVC), muscle conduction velocity (CV), relative changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin were assessed pre and post a spinal manipulation intervention and passive movement control. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess within and between-group differences. Following the spinal manipulation intervention, there was a significant increase in MVC (p = 0.02; avg 18.87 ± 28.35%) and a significant increase in CV in both the isometric steady-state (10% of MVC) contractions (p < 0.01; avg 22.11 ± 11.69%) and during the isometric ramp (10% of MVC) contractions (p < 0.01; avg 4.52 ± 4.58%) compared to the control intervention. There were no other significant findings. The observed TA strength and CV increase, without changes in MUDR, suggests that the strength changes observed following spinal manipulation are, in part, due to increased recruitment of larger, higher threshold motor units. Further research needs to investigate the longer term and potential functional effects of spinal manipulation in various patients who may benefit from improved muscle function and greater motor unit recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan Niazi
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; (K.H.); (N.K.); (I.A.)
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 0627, New Zealand
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark;
- Correspondence: (I.K.N.); (H.H.)
| | - Ernest Nlandu Kamavuako
- Department of Informatics, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kindu, Kindu, Congo
| | - Kelly Holt
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; (K.H.); (N.K.); (I.A.)
| | | | - Nitika Kumari
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; (K.H.); (N.K.); (I.A.)
- Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 0627, New Zealand
| | - Imran Amjad
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; (K.H.); (N.K.); (I.A.)
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Heidi Haavik
- Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; (K.H.); (N.K.); (I.A.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.N.); (H.H.)
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Son J, Rymer WZ. Longer electromechanical delay in paretic triceps surae muscles during voluntary isometric plantarflexion torque generation in chronic hemispheric stroke survivors. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2020; 56:102475. [PMID: 33242750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromechanical delay (EMD) is the time delay between the onset of muscle activity and the onset of force/joint torque. This delay appears to be linked to muscular contraction efficiency. However, to our knowledge, limited evidence is available regarding the magnitude of the EMD in stroke-impaired muscles. Accordingly, this study aims to quantify the EMD in both paretic and non-paretic triceps surae muscles of chronic hemispheric stroke survivors, and to investigate whether the EMD is related to voluntary force-generating capacity in this muscle group. Nine male chronic stroke survivors were asked to perform isometric plantarflexion contractions at different force levels and at different ankle joint angles ranging from maximum plantarflexion to maximum dorsiflexion. The surface electromyograms were recorded from triceps surae muscles. The longest EMD among triceps surae muscles was chosen as the EMD for each side. Our results revealed that the EMD in paretic muscles was significantly longer than in non-paretic muscles. Moreover, both paretic and non-paretic muscles showed a negative correlation between the EMD and maximum torque-generating capacity. In addition, there was a strong positive relationship between the EMD and shear wave speed in paretic muscles as well as a negative relationship between the EMD and passive ankle joint range of motion. These findings imply that the EMD may be a useful biomarker, in part, associated with contractile and material properties in stroke-impaired muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsang Son
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago), Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - William Zev Rymer
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago), Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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20
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Mamoei S, Hvid LG, Boye Jensen H, Zijdewind I, Stenager E, Dalgas U. Neurophysiological impairments in multiple sclerosis-Central and peripheral motor pathways. Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 142:401-417. [PMID: 32474916 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review of the literature was conducted comparing neurophysiological outcomes in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) to healthy controls (HC), in studies of the central nervous system (CNS) function comprising motor evoked potentials (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and in studies of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) function comprising electroneuronography (ENG) outcomes elicited by peripheral nerve stimulation. Studies comparing neuromuscular function, assessed during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of muscle, were included if they reported muscle strength along with muscle activation by use of electromyography (EMG) and/or interpolated twitch technique (ITT). Studies investigating CNS function showed prolonged central motor conduction times, asymmetry of nerve conduction motor pathways, and prolonged latencies in PwMS when compared to HC. Resting motor threshold, amplitude, and cortical silent periods showed conflicting results. CNS findings generally correlated with disabilities. Studies of PNS function showed near significant prolongation in motor latency of the median nerve, reduced nerve conduction velocities in the tibial and peroneal nerves, and decreased compound muscle action potential amplitudes of the tibial nerve in PwMS. ENG findings did not correlate with clinical severity of disabilities. Studies of neuromuscular function showed lower voluntary muscle activation and increased central fatigue in PwMS, whereas EMG showed divergent muscle activation (ie, EMG amplitude) during MVC. When comparing the existing literature on neurophysiological motor examinations in PwMS and HC, consistent and substantial impairments of CNS function were seen in PwMS, whereas impairments of the PNS were less pronounced and inconsistent. In addition, impairments in muscle activation were observed in PwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Mamoei
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Denmark/MS‐Clinic of Southern Jutland (Sønderborg, Kolding, Esbjerg) Department of Neurology University Hospital of Southern Jutland Sønderborg Denmark
| | - Lars G. Hvid
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Henrik Boye Jensen
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Neurology Kolding Sygehus Kolding Denmark
| | - Inge Zijdewind
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems UMCG University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Egon Stenager
- Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Denmark/MS‐Clinic of Southern Jutland (Sønderborg, Kolding, Esbjerg) Department of Neurology University Hospital of Southern Jutland Sønderborg Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark
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Casolo A, Nuccio S, Bazzucchi I, Felici F, Del Vecchio A. Reproducibility of muscle fibre conduction velocity during linearly increasing force contractions. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2020; 53:102439. [PMID: 32563844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV) is a basic physiological parameter biophysically related to the diameter of muscle fibres and properties of the sarcolemma. The aim of this study was to assess the intersession reproducibility of the relation between voluntary force and estimates of average muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV) from multichannel high-density surface electromyographic recordings (HDsEMG). Ten healthy men performed six linearly increasing isometric ankle dorsiflexions on two separate experimental sessions, 4 weeks apart. Each session involved the recordings of voluntary force during maximal isometric (MViF) and submaximal ramp contractions at 35-50-70% of MViF. Concurrently, the HDsEMG activity was detected from the tibialis anterior muscle and MFCV estimates were derived in 250-ms epochs. Absolute and relative reproducibility of MFCV initial value (intercept) and rate of change (regression slope) as a function of force were assessed by within-subject coefficient of correlation (CVw) and with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). MFCV was positively correlated with voluntary force (R2 = 0.75 ± 0.12) in all individuals and test conditions (P < 0.001). Average CVw for MFCV intercept and slope were of 2.6 ± 2.0% and 11.9 ± 3.2% and ICC values of 0.96 and 0.94, respectively. Overall, MFCV regression coefficients showed a high degree of intersession reproducibility in both absolute and relative terms. These results may have important practical implications in the tracking of training-induced neuromuscular changes and/or in the monitoring of the progress of neuromuscular disorders when a full sEMG signal decomposition is problematic or not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casolo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Stefano Nuccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Ilenia Bazzucchi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
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CASOLO ANDREA, FARINA DARIO, FALLA DEBORAH, BAZZUCCHI ILENIA, FELICI FRANCESCO, DEL VECCHIO ALESSANDRO. Strength Training Increases Conduction Velocity of High-Threshold Motor Units. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 52:955-967. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reliability of surface electromyography in estimating muscle fiber conduction velocity: A systematic review. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2019; 48:53-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Klotz T, Gizzi L, Yavuz UŞ, Röhrle O. Modelling the electrical activity of skeletal muscle tissue using a multi-domain approach. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:335-349. [PMID: 31529291 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Electromyography (EMG) can be used to study the behaviour of the motor neurons and thus provides insights into the physiology of the central nervous system. However, due to the high complexity of neuromuscular control, EMG signals are challenging to interpret. While the exact knowledge of the excitation patterns of a specific muscle within an in vivo experimental setting remains elusive, simulations allow to systematically investigate EMG signals in a controlled environment. Within this context, simulations can provide virtual EMG data, which, for example, can be used to validate and optimise signal analysis methods that aim to estimate the relationship between EMG signals and the output of motor neuron pools. However, since existing methods, which are employed to compute EMG signals, exhibit deficiencies with respect to the physical model itself as well as with respect to numerical aspects, we propose a novel homogenised continuum model that closely resolves the electro-physiological behaviour of skeletal muscle tissue. The proposed model is based on an extension of the well-established bidomain model and includes a biophysically detailed description of the electrical activity within the tissue, which is due to the depolarisation of the muscle fibre membranes. In contrast to all other published EMG models, which assume that the electrical potential field for each muscle fibre can be calculated independently, the proposed model assumes that the electrical potential in the muscle fibres is coupled to the electrical potential in the extracellular space. We show that the newly proposed model is able to simulate realistic EMG signals and demonstrate the potential to employ the predicted virtual EMG signal in order to evaluate the goodness of automated decomposition algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Klotz
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. .,Stuttgart Centre for Simulation Science (SimTech), Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Leonardo Gizzi
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Centre for Simulation Science (SimTech), Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Utku Ş Yavuz
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Biomedical Signals and Systems, Universiteit Twente, 7500AE, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Oliver Röhrle
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Centre for Simulation Science (SimTech), Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Minetto MA, Caresio C, Salvi M, D'Angelo V, Gorji NE, Molinari F, Arnaldi G, Kesari S, Arvat E. Ultrasound-based detection of glucocorticoid-induced impairments of muscle mass and structure in Cushing's disease. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:757-768. [PMID: 30443856 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0979-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the glucocorticoid-induced impairments of muscle mass and structure in patients presenting different stages of steroid myopathy progression. METHODS Thirty-three patients (28 women) affected by active (N = 20) and remitted (N = 13) Cushing's disease were recruited and the following variables were assessed: walking speed, handgrip strength, total body and appendicular muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), thickness and echo intensity of lower limb muscles by ultrasonography. RESULTS The two groups of patients showed comparable values of both handgrip strength [median (interquartile range) values: active disease: 27.4 (7.5) kg vs. remitted disease: 26.4 (9.4) kg; P = 0.58] and walking speed [active disease: 1.0 (0.2) m/s vs. remitted disease: 1.1 (0.3) m/s; P = 0.43]. Also, the thickness of the four muscles and all BIA-derived sarcopenic indices were comparable (P > 0.05 for all comparisons) between the two groups. On the contrary, the echo intensity of vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior (lower portion), and medial gastrocnemius was significantly (P < 0.05 for all comparisons) higher in patients with active disease compared to patients with remitted disease. Finally, significant negative correlations were found in the whole group of patients between muscle echo intensity and muscle function assessments. CONCLUSIONS We provided preliminary evidence that the ultrasound-derived measurements of muscle thickness and echo intensity can be useful to detect and track the changes of muscle mass and structure in patients with steroid myopathy and we suggest that the combined assessment of muscle mass, strength, and performance should be systematically applied in the routine examination of steroid myopathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Minetto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - C Caresio
- Biolab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Salvi
- Biolab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - V D'Angelo
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - N E Gorji
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F Molinari
- Biolab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Arnaldi
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona University Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Kesari
- Department of Translational Neurosciences and Neurotherapeutics, John Wayne Cancer Institute and Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - E Arvat
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Zalewska E, Gawel M. Identification of components from distant fibers in a recorded single muscle fiber potential (SFP) – a new approach to the SFP criteria. Neurophysiol Clin 2019; 49:69-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Klaver-Krol E, Rasker J, Klaver M, Ten Klooster P, Zwarts M. Fibromyalgia: Increased reactivity of the muscle membrane and a role of central regulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:12-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Del Vecchio A, Negro F, Falla D, Bazzucchi I, Farina D, Felici F. Higher muscle fiber conduction velocity and early rate of torque development in chronically strength-trained individuals. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1218-1226. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00025.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Strength-trained individuals (ST) develop greater levels of force compared with untrained subjects. These differences are partly of neural origin and can be explained by training-induced changes in the neural drive to the muscles. In the present study we hypothesize a greater rate of torque development (RTD) and faster recruitment of motor units with greater muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) in ST compared with a control cohort. MFCV was assessed during maximal voluntary isometric explosive contractions of the elbow flexors in eight ST and eight control individuals. MFCV was estimated from high-density surface electromyogram recordings (128 electrodes) in intervals of 50 ms starting from the onset of the electromyogram. RTD and MFCV were computed and normalized to their maximal voluntary torque (MVT) values. The explosive torque of the ST was greater than in the control group in all time intervals analyzed ( P < 0.001). The absolute MFCV values were also greater for the ST than for controls at all time intervals ( P < 0.001). ST also achieved greater normalized RTD in the first 50 ms of contraction [887.6 (152) vs. 568.5 (148.66)%MVT/s, mean (SD), P < 0.001] and normalized MFCV before the rise in force compared with controls. We have shown for the first time that ST can recruit motor units with greater MFCV in a shorter amount of time compared with untrained subjects during maximal voluntary isometric explosive contractions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Strength-trained individuals show neuromuscular adaptations. These adaptations have been partly related to changes in the neural drive to the muscles. Here, we show for the first time that during the initial phase of a maximal isometric explosive contraction, strength-trained individuals achieve higher levels of force and recruit motor units with greater conduction velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Del Vecchio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
- Neuromechanics and Rehabilitation Technology Group, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F. Negro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D. Falla
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - I. Bazzucchi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
| | - D. Farina
- Neuromechanics and Rehabilitation Technology Group, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F. Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
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Methenitis S, Stasinaki AN, Zaras N, Spengos K, Karandreas N, Terzis G. Intramuscular fibre conduction velocity and muscle fascicle length in human vastus lateralis. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:133-138. [PMID: 30011376 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle fascicle length and muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV) are thought to be important parameters for power performance. It might be expected that faster muscle fibre conduction velocities would compensate for longer fascicle lengths to increase the speed of action potential propagation along the elongated fibres. However, the relationship between muscle fascicle length and MFCV remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between average vastus lateralis MFCV and average fascicle length. In 17 moderately trained, healthy, male, physical education students (age, 23.4 ± 3.1 years; body height, 178 ± 5.5 cm; body mass, 82.7 ± 6.9 kg; body mass index, 24.6 ± 1.5 kg·m-2) resting MFCV was measured with intramuscular microelectrodes while muscle architecture was evaluated with ultrasonography. Fascicle length was highly correlated with total MFCV (r = 0.923, p = 0.000), maximum MFCV (r = 0.949, p = 0.000), and MFCV of the fastest (r = 0.709, p = 0.001), but not of the slowest fibres (r = 0.131, p = 0.616). No significant correlations were also found between vastus lateralis thickness or fascicle angle with any of MFCV parameters (r = 0.145-0.430; R2 < 0.130; p > 0.05). These data indicate that average MFCV is associated with average fascicle length in vastus lateralis muscle in different individuals. It seems that participants with longer fascicle lengths have also higher MFCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Methenitis
- a Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki
- a Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zaras
- a Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Spengos
- b A' Neurology Clinic, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Karandreas
- b A' Neurology Clinic, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Terzis
- a Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
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Del Vecchio A, Bazzucchi I, Felici F. Variability of estimates of muscle fiber conduction velocity and surface EMG amplitude across subjects and processing intervals. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 40:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Relationship between Isometric Muscle Force and Fractal Dimension of Surface Electromyogram. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5373846. [PMID: 29736393 PMCID: PMC5875057 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5373846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between fractal dimension of the surface electromyogram (sEMG) and the intensity of muscle contraction is still controversial in simulated and experimental conditions. To support the use of fractal analysis to investigate myoelectric fatigue, it is crucial to establish the interdependence between fractal dimension and muscle contraction intensity. We analyzed the behavior of fractal dimension, conduction velocity, mean frequency, and average rectified value in twenty-eight volunteers at nine levels of isometric force. sEMG was obtained using bidimensional arrays in the biceps brachii muscle. The values of fractal dimension and mean frequency increased with force unless a plateau was reached at 30% maximal voluntary contraction. Overall, our findings suggest that, above a certain level of force, the use of fractal dimension to evaluate the myoelectric manifestations of fatigue may be considered, regardless of muscle contraction intensity.
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Minetto MA, D'Angelo V, Arvat E, Kesari S. Diagnostic work-up in steroid myopathy. Endocrine 2018; 60:219-223. [PMID: 29143179 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Steroid myopathy is a well-known sign of endogenous Cushing's syndrome as well as a side effect of glucocorticoid administration. The clinical finding of muscle weakness and the clinical inspection of the muscle size are the most commonly used diagnostic tools, sometimes in combination with needle electromyography, but there are no means to detect the myopathy before the appearance of clinical or electrodiagnostic signs. Until now, no guidelines have been produced for a disease-specific evaluation of muscle impairment in patients with Cushing's syndrome. REVIEW We reviewed the measurement properties and limitations of the following tools that are currently adopted in clinical research and routine care for diagnosis and monitoring of steroid myopathy: muscle strength assessment; needle biopsy; intramuscular and surface electromyography; laboratory assays; muscle mass assessments (through bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and computed tomography). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the management of steroid myopathy patients in clinical research and practice would benefit from a multidisciplinary approach based on the combined assessment of muscle mass, strength, and performance. However, further studies are required to establish an operational definition of steroid myopathy and to identify population-specific criteria for diagnosis of the myopathic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Alessandro Minetto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Valentina D'Angelo
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Santosh Kesari
- Department of Translational Neurosciences and Neurotherapeutics, John Wayne Cancer Institute and Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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Del Vecchio A, Negro F, Felici F, Farina D. Distribution of muscle fibre conduction velocity for representative samples of motor units in the full recruitment range of the tibialis anterior muscle. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28763156 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM Motor units are recruited in an orderly manner according to the size of motor neurones. Moreover, because larger motor neurones innervate fibres with larger diameters than smaller motor neurones, motor units should be recruited orderly according to their conduction velocity (MUCV). Because of technical limitations, these relations have been previously tested either indirectly or in small motor unit samples that revealed weak associations between motor unit recruitment threshold (RT) and MUCV. Here, we analyse the relation between MUCV and RT for large samples of motor units. METHODS Ten healthy volunteers completed a series of isometric ankle dorsiflexions at forces up to 70% of the maximum. Multi-channel surface electromyographic signals recorded from the tibialis anterior muscle were decomposed into single motor unit action potentials, from which the corresponding motor unit RT, MUCV and action potential amplitude were estimated. Established relations between muscle fibre diameter and CV were used to estimate the fibre size. RESULTS Within individual subjects, the distributions of MUCV and fibre diameters were unimodal and did not show distinct populations. MUCV was strongly correlated with RT (mean (SD) R2 = 0.7 (0.09), P < 0.001; 406 motor units), which supported the hypothesis that fibre diameter is associated with RT. CONCLUSION The results provide further evidence for the relations between motor neurone and muscle fibre properties for large samples of motor units. The proposed methodology for motor unit analysis has also the potential to open new perspectives in the study of chronic and acute neuromuscular adaptations to ageing, training and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Del Vecchio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences; University of Rome “Foro Italico”; Rome Italy
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - F. Negro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences; University of Brescia; Brescia Italy
| | - F. Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences; University of Rome “Foro Italico”; Rome Italy
| | - D. Farina
- Department of Bioengineering; Imperial College London; London UK
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Methenitis S, Karandreas N, Spengos K, Zaras N, Stasinaki AN, Terzis G. Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity, Muscle Fiber Composition, and Power Performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 48:1761-71. [PMID: 27128672 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV), fiber type composition, and power performance in participants with different training background. METHODS Thirty-eight young males with different training background participated: sedentary (n = 10), endurance runners (n = 9), power trained (n = 10), and strength trained (n = 9). They performed maximal countermovement jumps (CMJ) and maximal isometric leg press for the measurement of the rate of force development (RFD). Resting vastus lateralis MFCV was measured with intramuscular microelectrodes on a different occasion, whereas muscle fiber type and cross-sectional area (CSA) of vastus lateralis were evaluated through muscle biopsies 1wk later. RESULTS MFCV, CMJ power, RFD, and % CSA of type II and type IIx fibers were higher for the power-trained group (P < 0.001). No difference was found between sedentary participants and endurance runners in these variables, but both of these groups performed worse than strength/power participants. Close correlations were found between MFCV and fiber CSA as well as the % CSA of all fiber types as well as with RFD and CMJ power (r = 0.712-0.943, P < 0.005). Partial correlations revealed that the % CSA of IIx fibers dictates a large part of the correlation between MFCV and RFD, power performance. Significant models for the prediction of the % CSA of type IIa and type II as well as the CSA of all muscle fibers based upon MFCV, RFD, and CMJ were revealed (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION MFCV is closely associated with muscle fiber % CSA. RFD and jumping power are associated with the propagation of the action potentials along the muscle fibers. This link is regulated by the size and the distribution of type II, and especially type IIx muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Methenitis
- 1Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GREECE; and 2Neurology Clinic, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GREECE
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Del Vecchio A, Negro F, Felici F, Farina D. Associations between motor unit action potential parameters and surface EMG features. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:835-843. [PMID: 28751374 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00482.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface interference EMG signal provides some information on the neural drive to muscles. However, the association between neural drive to muscle and muscle activation has long been debated with controversial indications due to the unavailability of motor unit population data. In this study, we clarify the potential and limitations of interference EMG analysis to infer motor unit recruitment strategies with an experimental investigation of several concurrently active motor units and of the associated features of the surface EMG. For this purpose, we recorded high-density surface EMG signals during linearly increasing force contractions of the tibialis anterior muscle, up to 70% of maximal force. The recruitment threshold (RT), conduction velocity (MUCV), median frequency (MDFMU), and amplitude (RMSMU) of action potentials of 587 motor units from 13 individuals were assessed and associated with features of the interference EMG. MUCV was positively associated with RT (R2 = 0.64 ± 0.14), whereas MDFMU and RMSMU showed a weaker relation with RT (R2 = 0.11 ± 0.11 and 0.39 ± 0.24, respectively). Moreover, the changes in average conduction velocity estimated from the interference EMG predicted well the changes in MUCV (R2 = 0.71), with a strong association to ankle dorsiflexion force (R2 = 0.81 ± 0.12). Conversely, both the average EMG MDF and RMS were poorly associated with motor unit recruitment. These results clarify the limitations of EMG spectral and amplitude analysis in inferring the neural strategies of muscle control and indicate that, conversely, the average conduction velocity could provide relevant information on these strategies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The surface EMG provides information on the neural drive to muscles. However, the associations between EMG features and neural drive have been long debated due to unavailability of motor unit population data. Here, by using novel highly accurate decomposition of the EMG, we related motor unit population behavior to a wide range of voluntary forces. The results fully clarify the potential and limitation of the surface EMG to provide estimates of the neural drive to muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Negro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; and
| | - Francesco Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Methenitis S, Karandreas N, Terzis G. Reliability of resting intramuscular fiber conduction velocity evaluation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:48-56. [PMID: 28477338 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the least number of muscle fibers analyzed for a quick and reliable, evaluation of intramuscular fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) is of importance for sport scientists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of vastus lateralis' intramuscular MFCV measuring either 25 or 50 different muscle fibers per participant, as well as to compare intramuscular MFCV measured in 25 (C25 ), 50 (C50 ), or 140 (C140 ) muscle fibers. Resting vastus lateralis' MFCV was measured in 21 young healthy males (age 22.1±2.4 years) using intramuscular microelectrodes in different days. Test-retest reliability of MFCV's parameters was calculated for C25 and C50 , while MFCV was compared among C25 , C50 , and C140 . Significant differences of MFCV parameters were observed between C25 condition and those of C50 and C140 . The differences in MFCV values between conditions C50 and C140 were non-significant. A close correlation was found for MFCV between C50 and C140 (r=0.884-0.988, P=.000). All reliability measures of MFCV measured with 50 fibers were high (eg, ICC=0.813-0.980, P=.000), in contrast to C25 (eg, ICC=0.023-0.580 P>.05). In conclusion, an average of 50 different fibers per subject is sufficient to provide a quick and reliable intramuscular evaluation of vastus lateralis MFCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Methenitis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - N Karandreas
- A' Neurology Clinic, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Terzis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Beretta-Piccoli M, D’Antona G, Zampella C, Barbero M, Clijsen R, Cescon C. Test-retest reliability of muscle fiber conduction velocity and fractal dimension of surface EMG during isometric contractions. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:616-630. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa614c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Boccia G, Dardanello D, Tarperi C, Rosso V, Festa L, La Torre A, Pellegrini B, Schena F, Rainoldi A. Decrease of muscle fiber conduction velocity correlates with strength loss after an endurance run. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:233-240. [PMID: 28099172 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring surface electromyographic (EMG) signals can provide useful insights for characterizing muscle fatigue, which is defined as an exercise-induced strength loss. This experiment investigated the muscle fiber conduction velocity (CV) changes induced by an endurance run. The day before and immediately after a half-marathon run (21.097 km) 11 amateur runners performed maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs) of knee extensor muscles. During the MVC, multichannel EMG was recorded from the vastus lateralis and EMG amplitude and CV were calculated. After the run, knee extensors showed a decreased strength (-13 ± 9%, p = 0.001) together with a reduction in EMG amplitude (-13 ± 10%, p = 0.003) and in CV (-6 ± 8%, p = 0.032). Knee extensor strength loss positively correlated with vastus lateralis CV differences (r = 0.76, p = 0.006). Thus, the exercises-induced muscle fatigue was associated not only with a decrease in EMG amplitude, but also with a reduction in CV. This finding suggests that muscle fibers with higher CV (i.e. those with greater fiber size) were the most impaired during strength production after an endurance run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Boccia
- CeRiSM Research Center 'Sport, Mountain, and Health', via del Ben 5/b, Rovereto, (TN) 38068, Italy. Department of Medical Sciences, Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, University of Turin, 12, piazza Bernini, Torino 10143, Italy
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Conrad MO, Qiu D, Hoffmann G, Zhou P, Kamper DG. Analysis of muscle fiber conduction velocity during finger flexion and extension after stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2017; 24:262-268. [PMID: 28054504 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2016.1277482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke survivors experience greater strength deficits during finger extension than finger flexion. Prior research indicates relatively little observed weakness is directly attributable to muscle atrophy. Changes in other muscle properties, however, may contribute to strength deficits. OBJECTIVES This study measured muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) in a finger flexor and extensor muscle to infer changes in muscle fiber-type after stroke. METHODS Conduction velocity was measured using a linear EMG surface electrode array for both extensor digitorum communis and flexor digitorum superficialis in 12 stroke survivors with chronic hand hemiparesis and five control subjects. Measurements were made in both hands for all subjects. Stroke survivors had either severe (n = 5) or moderate (n = 7) hand impairment. RESULTS Absolute MFCV was significantly lower in the paretic hand of severely impaired stroke patients compared to moderately impaired patients and healthy control subjects. The relative MFCV between the two hands, however, was quite similar for flexor muscles across all subjects and for extensor muscles for the neurologically intact control subjects. However, MFCV for finger extensors was smaller in the paretic as compared to the nonparetic hand for both groups of stroke survivors. CONCLUSIONS One explanation for reduced MFCV may be a type-II to type-I muscle fiber, especially in extrinsic extensors. Clinically, therapists may use this information to develop therapeutic exercises targeting loss of type-II fiber in extensor muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan O Conrad
- a Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , School of Engineering and Applied Science, Oakland University , Rochester , MI , USA
| | - Dan Qiu
- b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago , IL , USA.,c Sensory Motor Performance Program , Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago & Northwestern University , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Gilles Hoffmann
- d Department of Neurological Sciences , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Ping Zhou
- e Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston , TX , USA.,f Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Center , Guangzhou , China
| | - Derek G Kamper
- g UNC/NC State Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , NC State University , Raleigh , NC , USA
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Meduri F, Beretta-Piccoli M, Calanni L, Segreto V, Giovanetti G, Barbero M, Cescon C, D’Antona G. Inter-Gender sEMG Evaluation of Central and Peripheral Fatigue in Biceps Brachii of Young Healthy Subjects. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168443. [PMID: 28002429 PMCID: PMC5176311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate inter-arm and inter-gender differences in fractal dimension (FD) and conduction velocity (CV) obtained from multichannel surface electromyographic (sEMG) recordings during sustained fatiguing contractions of the biceps brachii. Methods A total of 20 recreationally active males (24±6 years) and 18 recreationally active females (22±9 years) performed two isometric contractions at 120 degrees elbow joint angle: (1) at 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for 90 s, and (2) at 60% MVC until exhaustion the time to perform the task has been measured. Signals from sEMG were detected from the biceps brachii using bidimensional arrays of 64 electrodes and initial values and rate of change of CV and FD of the sEMG signal were calculated. Results No difference between left and right sides and no statistically significant interaction effect of sides with gender were found for all parameters measured. A significant inter-gender difference was found for MVC (p<0.0001). Initial values of CV were higher in females than in males at both force levels (20% MCV: p<0.0001; 60% MCV: p<0.05) whereas a lower initial estimate of FD was observed in females compared to males (20% MCV: p<0.05; 60% MCV: p<0.0001). No difference in CV and FD slopes was found at 20% MVC between genders. At 60% MVC significantly lower CV and FD slopes (CV and FD: p<0.05) and a more protracted time to exhaustion were found in females than in males (p<0.0001). When considering time to exhaustion at both levels of contraction no difference in percentage change (Δ%) of CV and FD slopes was found between genders (p>0.05). During the sustained 60% MVC no statistical correlation was found between MVC and CV or FD initial estimates nor between MVC and CV or FD slopes both in males and females whereas. A significant positive correlation between CV and FD slopes was found in both genders (males: r = 0,61; females: r = 0,55). Conclusions Fatigue determines changes in FD and CV values in biceps brachii during sustained contractions at 60% MVC. In particular males show greater increase in the rate of change of CV and FD than females whereas no difference in percentage change of these sEMG descriptors of fatigue was found. A significant correlation between FD and CV slopes found in both genders highlights that central and peripheral myoelectric components of fatigue may interact during submaximal isometric contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Meduri
- Department of Public Health, Molecular and Forensic Medicine, and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Beretta-Piccoli
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Luca Calanni
- Department of Public Health, Molecular and Forensic Medicine, and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Segreto
- Department of Public Health, Molecular and Forensic Medicine, and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giovanetti
- Department of Public Health, Molecular and Forensic Medicine, and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Barbero
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- Department of Public Health, Molecular and Forensic Medicine, and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Methenitis S, Terzis G, Zaras N, Stasinaki AN, Karandreas N. Intramuscular fiber conduction velocity, isometric force and explosive performance. J Hum Kinet 2016; 51:93-101. [PMID: 28149372 PMCID: PMC5260554 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conduction of electrical signals along the surface of muscle fibers is acknowledged as an essential neuromuscular component which is linked with muscle force production. However, it remains unclear whether muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) is also linked with explosive performance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between vastus lateralis MFCV and countermovement jumping performance, the rate of force development and maximum isometric force. Fifteen moderately-trained young females performed countermovement jumps as well as an isometric leg press test in order to determine the rate of force development and maximum isometric force. Vastus lateralis MFCV was measured with intramuscular microelectrodes at rest on a different occasion. Maximum MFCV was significantly correlated with maximum isometric force (r = 0.66, p < 0.01), nevertheless even closer with the leg press rate of force development at 100 ms, 150 ms, 200 ms, and 250 ms (r = 0.85, r = 0.89, r = 0.91, r = 0.92, respectively, p < 0.01). Similarly, mean MFCV and type II MFCV were better correlated with the rate of force development than with maximum isometric leg press force. Lower, but significant correlations were found between mean MFCV and countermovement jump power (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). These data suggest that muscle fiber conduction velocity is better linked with the rate of force development than with isometric force, perhaps because conduction velocity is higher in the larger and fastest muscle fibers which are recognized to contribute to explosive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Methenitis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Terzis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zaras
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Karandreas
- A' Neurology Clinic, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Boccia G, Dardanello D, Zoppirolli C, Bortolan L, Cescon C, Schneebeli A, Vernillo G, Schena F, Rainoldi A, Pellegrini B. Central and peripheral fatigue in knee and elbow extensor muscles after a long-distance cross-country ski race. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:945-955. [PMID: 27293016 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although elbow extensors (EE) have a great role in cross-country skiing (XC) propulsion, previous studies on neuromuscular fatigue in long-distance XC have investigated only knee extensor (KE) muscles. In order to investigate the origin and effects of fatigue induced by long-distance XC race, 16 well-trained XC skiers were tested before and after a 56-km classical technique race. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) and rate of force development (RFD) were measured for both KE and EE. Furthermore, electrically evoked double twitch during MVC and at rest were measured. MVC decreased more in KE (-13%) than in EE (-6%, P = 0.016), whereas the peak RFD decreased only in EE (-26%, P = 0.02) but not in KE. The two muscles showed similar decrease in voluntary activation (KE -5.0%, EE -4.8%, P = 0.61) and of double twitch amplitude (KE -5%, EE -6%, P = 0.44). A long-distance XC race differently affected the neuromuscular function of lower and upper limbs muscles. Specifically, although the strength loss was greater for lower limbs, the capacity to produce force in short time was more affected in the upper limbs. Nevertheless, both KE and EE showed central and peripheral fatigue, suggesting that the origins of the strength impairments were multifactorial for the two muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boccia
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,Motor Science Research Centre, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - D Dardanello
- Motor Science Research Centre, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C Zoppirolli
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, B, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - L Bortolan
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, B, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Sciences University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - A Schneebeli
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Sciences University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - G Vernillo
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Schena
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, B, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Rainoldi
- Motor Science Research Centre, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - B Pellegrini
- CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto, Italy.,School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, B, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Terzis G, Spengos K, Methenitis S, Aagaard P, Karandreas N, Bogdanis G. Early phase interference between low-intensity running and power training in moderately trained females. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:1063-73. [PMID: 27040693 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity running performed immediately after lower-body power-training sessions on power development. METHODS Twenty young females participated in 6 weeks, 3/week, of either lower body power training (PT) or lower body power training followed by 30 min of low-intensity running (PET) eliciting 60-70 % of maximal heart rate. The following were measured before and after the training period: counter-movement jump, isometric leg press force and rate of force development (RFD), half squat 1-RM, vastus lateralis fiber type composition and cross sectional area, resting intramuscular fiber conduction velocity (MFCV), and heart rate during the modified Bruce treadmill test. RESULTS Counter-movement jump height and peak power increased after PT (10.7 ± 6.2 and 12.9 ± 18.7 %, p < 0.05) but not after PET (3.4 ± 7.6 and 5.11 ± 10.94 %, p > 0.05). Maximum isometric force, RFD, and half squat 1-RM increased similarly in both groups. Muscle fiber type composition was not altered in either group. Muscle fiber cross sectional area increased only after PT (17.5 ± 17.4, 14.5 ± 10.4, 20.36 ± 11.3 %, in type I, IIA, and IIX fibers, respectively, p < 0.05). Likewise, mean MFCV increased with PT only (before: 4.53 ± 0.38 m s(-1), after: 5.09 ± 0.39 m s(-1), p = 0.027). Submaximal heart rate during the Bruce treadmill test remained unchanged after PT but decreased after PET. CONCLUSION These results suggest that low-intensity running performed after lower-body power training impairs the exercise-induced adaptation in stretch-shortening cycle jumping performance (vertical jump height, peak power), during the first 6 weeks of training, which may be partially linked to inhibited muscle fiber hypertrophy and muscle fiber conduction velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Terzis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece.
| | - Kostas Spengos
- Division of Public Health, Psychiatry and Neurology, 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros Methenitis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
| | - Per Aagaard
- Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Research Unit, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nikos Karandreas
- Division of Public Health, Psychiatry and Neurology, 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Bogdanis
- Athletics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Athens, Ethnikis Antistassis 41, 172 37, Daphne, Athens, Greece
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Roman-Liu D. The influence of confounding factors on the relationship between muscle contraction level and MF and MPF values of EMG signal: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2016; 22:77-91. [PMID: 26654476 PMCID: PMC4784495 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1116817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to gather results of studies on the relationship between median frequency (MF) and mean power frequency (MPF) and the level of muscle contraction, and to use those results to discuss the differences in the trends according to factors related to measurement technique and subject. Twenty-one studies with 63 cases for upper limb muscles and nine studies with 31 cases for lower limb muscles were analysed. Most results showed an increase in parameters with an increased level of muscle contraction, only some studies showed a decrease. The influence on parameters of the level of muscle contraction and factors such as subjects, type of contraction, muscle length and electrodes was analysed for each muscle. It was concluded that when analysing the influence of different factors on MF and MPF, because those factors interact they should be considered together, not separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Roman-Liu
- Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
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Boccia G, Dardanello D, Beretta-Piccoli M, Cescon C, Coratella G, Rinaldo N, Barbero M, Lanza M, Schena F, Rainoldi A. Muscle fiber conduction velocity and fractal dimension of EMG during fatiguing contraction of young and elderly active men. Physiol Meas 2015; 37:162-74. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/1/162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Yao B, Zhang X, Li S, Li X, Chen X, Klein CS, Zhou P. Analysis of linear electrode array EMG for assessment of hemiparetic biceps brachii muscles. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:569. [PMID: 26557068 PMCID: PMC4615822 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents a frequency analysis of surface electromyogram (EMG) signals acquired by a linear electrode array from the biceps brachii muscles bilaterally in 14 hemiparetic stroke subjects. For different levels of isometric contraction ranging from 10 to 80% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), the power spectra of 19 bipolar surface EMG channels arranged proximally to distally along the muscle fibers were examined in both paretic and contralateral muscles. It was found that across all stroke subjects, the median frequency (MF) and the mean power frequency (MPF), averaged from different surface EMG channels, were significantly smaller in the paretic muscle compared to the contralateral muscle at each of the matched percent MVC contractions. The muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) was significantly slower in the paretic muscle than in the contralateral muscle. No significant correlation between the averaged MF, MPF, or MFCV vs. torque was found in both paretic and contralateral muscles. However, there was a significant positive correlation between the global MFCV and MF. Examination of individual EMG channels showed that electrodes closest to the estimated muscle innervation zones produced surface EMG signals with significantly higher MF and MPF than more proximal or distal locations in both paretic and contralateral sides. These findings suggest complex central and peripheral neuromuscular alterations (such as selective loss of large motor units, disordered control of motor units, increased motor unit synchronization, and atrophy of muscle fibers, etc.) which can collectively influence the surface EMG signals. The frequency difference with regard to the innervation zone also confirms the relevance of electrode position in surface EMG analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yao
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, China ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, and TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, and TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, and TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, China
| | - Cliff S Klein
- Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Center Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center, and TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Center, Houston TX, USA ; Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Center Guangzhou, China
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Boccia G, Pizzigalli L, Formicola D, Ivaldi M, Rainoldi A. Higher Neuromuscular Manifestations of Fatigue in Dynamic than Isometric Pull-Up Tasks in Rock Climbers. J Hum Kinet 2015; 47:31-9. [PMID: 26557188 PMCID: PMC4633265 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular assessment of rock climbers has been mainly focused on forearm muscles in the literature. We aimed to extend the body of knowledge investigating on two other upper limb muscles during sport-specific activities in nine male rock climbers. We assessed neuromuscular manifestations of fatigue recording surface electromyographic signals from brachioradialis and teres major muscles, using multi-channel electrode arrays. Participants performed two tasks until volitional exhaustion: a sequence of dynamic pull-ups and an isometric contraction sustaining the body at half-way of a pull-up (with the elbows flexed at 90°). The tasks were performed in randomized order with 10 minutes of rest in between. The normalized rate of change of muscle fiber conduction velocity was calculated as the index of fatigue. The time-to-task failure was significantly shorter in the dynamic (31 ±10 s) than isometric contraction (59 ±19 s). The rate of decrease of muscle fiber conduction velocity was found steeper in the dynamic than isometric task both in brachioradialis (isometric: −0.2 ±0.1%/s; dynamic: −1.2 ±0.6%/s) and teres major muscles (isometric: −0.4±0.3%/s; dynamic: −1.8±0.7%/s). The main finding was that a sequence of dynamic pull-ups lead to higher fatigue than sustaining the body weight in an isometric condition at half-way of a pull-up. Furthermore, we confirmed the possibility to properly record physiological CV estimates from two muscles, which had never been studied before in rock climbing, in highly dynamic contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Boccia
- Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy. ; CeRiSM Research Center "Sport, Mountain, and Health", Rovereto (TN), Italy
| | - Luisa Pizzigalli
- Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Donato Formicola
- Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Ivaldi
- Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainoldi
- Motor Science Research Center, School of Exercise & Sport Sciences, SUISM, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
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Boccia G, Dardanello D, Coratella G, Rinaldo N, Schena F, Rainoldi A. Differences in age-related fiber atrophy between vastii muscles of active subjects: a multichannel surface EMG study. Physiol Meas 2015; 36:1591-600. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/7/1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Beretta-Piccoli M, D’Antona G, Barbero M, Fisher B, Dieli-Conwright CM, Clijsen R, Cescon C. Evaluation of central and peripheral fatigue in the quadriceps using fractal dimension and conduction velocity in young females. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123921. [PMID: 25880369 PMCID: PMC4400165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Over the past decade, linear and non-linear surface electromyography descriptors for central and peripheral components of fatigue have been developed. In the current study, we tested fractal dimension (FD) and conduction velocity (CV) as myoelectric descriptors of central and peripheral fatigue, respectively. To this aim, we analyzed FD and CV slopes during sustained fatiguing contractions of the quadriceps femoris in healthy humans. METHODS A total of 29 recreationally active women (mean age±standard deviation: 24±4 years) and two female elite athletes (one power athlete, age 24 and one endurance athlete, age 30 years) performed two knee extensions: (1) at 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for 30 s, and (2) at 60% MVC held until exhaustion. Surface EMG signals were detected from the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis using bidimensional arrays. RESULTS Central and peripheral fatigue were described as decreases in FD and CV, respectively. A positive correlation between FD and CV (R=0.51, p<0.01) was found during the sustained 60% MVC, probably as a result of simultaneous motor unit synchronization and a decrease in muscle fiber CV during the fatiguing task. CONCLUSIONS Central and peripheral fatigue can be described as changes in FD and CV, at least in young, healthy women. The significant correlation between FD and CV observed at 60% MVC suggests that a mutual interaction between central and peripheral fatigue can arise during submaximal isometric contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Beretta-Piccoli
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, Manno, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Sport Medicine Centre Voghera, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Barbero
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Beth Fisher
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Christina M. Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Ron Clijsen
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, Landquart, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, SUPSI, Manno, Switzerland
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Boccia G, Dardanello D, Rosso V, Pizzigalli L, Rainoldi A. The Application of sEMG in Aging: A Mini Review. Gerontology 2014; 61:477-84. [DOI: 10.1159/000368655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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