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González-Arostegui LG, Muñoz-Prieto A, García-López G, Cerón JJ, Tvarijonaviciute A, Rubio CP. Changes in biomarkers of the redox status in whole blood and red blood cell lysates in canine hypothyroidism. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10382-4. [PMID: 38662314 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism is the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disease in dogs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the redox status in canine hypothyroidism using whole blood (WB) and red blood cell (RBCs) lysates. For this purpose, a panel of five antioxidants and five oxidants biomarkers was measured in WB and RBCs lysates of 30 dogs with hypothyroidism, 26 dogs with non-thyroidal illnesses and 15 healthy dogs. The antioxidants measured were cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiol and paraoxonase type-1 (PON-1). Oxidants measured include the total oxidant status (TOS), peroxide-activity (POX-Act), reactive oxygen-derived metabolites (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). WB showed a significant decrease of the antioxidants CUPRAC, TEAC and thiol, and also an increase in TBARS and a decrease in AOPP in dogs with hypothyroidism compared to healthy dogs. Meanwhile, RBCs lysates showed a significant increase in FRAP and PON-1 in dogs with hypothyroidism. The changes in the redox biomarkers in this study show that WB in canine hypothyroidism had a higher number of changes in biomarkers of the redox status than RBCs lysates, making it a promising sample type for the evaluation of the redox status in this disease. In addition, WB is easier and simpler to process than RBCs lysates and unlike serum, it does not have any hemolysis interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G González-Arostegui
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - A Muñoz-Prieto
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - G García-López
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - J J Cerón
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - C P Rubio
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
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Zhao S, Tang L, Fu J, Yang Z, Su C, Rao M. Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A Cross-sectional Study of 5401 Men Seeking Infertility Care. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e4027-e4036. [PMID: 35906991 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Our previous study showed that paternal subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) had a detrimental effect on the clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies. However, it remains to be determined whether paternal SCH affects sperm DNA integrity. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between SCH and sperm DNA fragmentation in men seeking infertility care. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 4983 men with euthyroidism and 418 men with SCH seeking infertility treatment in a tertiary care academic medical center between January 2017 and December 2021. The outcome measures were the absolute DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and the risk of abnormal DFI (defined as DFI ≥ 25% or ≥ 30%). RESULTS The mean (SD) age of men with euthyroidism and men with SCH was 34.20 (5.97) and 35.35 (6.48) years, respectively (P < 0.001). The difference in DFI was not statistically significant (adjusted mean: 19.7% vs 18.9% in the SCH and euthyroidism groups, respectively; P = 0.07) after confounder adjustment. A DFI ≥25% was significantly more frequent in men with SCH (20.57%) than in men with euthyroidism (14.49%) after confounder adjustment [odds ratio (OR) 1.43 (95% CI 1.09-1.88)]. DFI ≥ 30% was also significantly more common in men with SCH (11.72%) than in men with euthyroidism [6.74%; OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.34-2.52)]. In addition, thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration was significantly associated with an increased risk of having a DFI ≥25% (P < 0.001) or ≥30% (P = 0.011). CONCLUSION SCH was significantly associated with an increased risk of an abnormal DFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Zhao
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingyun Fu
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zexing Yang
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cunmei Su
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meng Rao
- Department of reproduction and genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Yontem M, Arslan S, Erdogdu BS, Kocak FE. SERUM LEVELS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN SUBCLINICAL AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM VERSUS CONTROL GROUP IN POPULATION OF KUTAHYA CITY, TURKEY. GOMAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.46903/gjms/19.04.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overproduction of oxygen-related free radicals and inadequate antioxidant defense are critical in hypothyroidism, as they might lead to future life-threatening diseases. The objectives of this study were to compare serum levels of oxidative stress markers; total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and arylesterase (ARYL) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH) versus healthy controls in population of Kutahya city, Turkey.Materials Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya University of Health Sciences, Kutahya, Turkey, from July to December, 2016. Three study groups of 45 each were formed as healthy controls, patients with SH and OH. Serum levels of TOS, TAS, OSI, PON-1, and ARYL were five research variables with ratio scale, but skewed, so described by median and IQR with 95% Cl. Kruskal-Wallis and multiple comparison tests were used for hypotheses testing.Results: Serum levels of TOS and OSI were higher in SH group (p-values 0.032; .0001; respectively) and OH group (p-values .0001; .0001, respectively) than healthy controls, while serum levels of TAS, PON-1 and ARYL were lower in SH group (p-values .0001; .0001; .0001, respectively) and OH group (p-values .0001; .0001; .0001, respectively) than control group.Conclusion: Our study showed that serum levels of TOS and OSI were higher in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism than in healthy controls; while serum levels of TAS, PON-1, and ARYL were lower in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism than in healthy controls.
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Han Y, Wang C, Zhang L, Zhu J, Zhu M, Li Y, Teng D, Teng W, Shan Z. Menopausal Impact on the Association Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Lipid Profiles: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853889. [PMID: 35360082 PMCID: PMC8964097 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both dyslipidemia and thyroid dysfunction have a high prevalence rate and are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between blood lipids and thyroid dysfunction is still controversial. This study aims to analyze the blood lipids in people with different thyroid functions. METHODS A total of 80937 adults were included in this population-based cross-sectional TIDE survey, which collected demographic and clinical data on thyroid function, blood lipid levels and other metabolic indicators. After screening, the final analysis included 10,747 participants, who were divided into hypothyroidism (n=311), subclinical hypothyroidism (n=5015), hyperthyroidism (n=203), subclinical hyperthyroidism (n=118) and control (n=5100) groups. The risk of dyslipidemia was analyzed by a logistic regression model and divided into groups of female menopausal. RESULTS After full adjustment, significant associations were found between hypothyroidism and hypertriglyceridemia. Subclinical hypothyroidism was associated with a significantly higher risk of hypertriglyceridemia and hyper-low density lipoprotein cholesterolemia. Hyperthyroidism was significantly correlated with a reduced risk of hypercholesterolemia and hyper-low density lipoprotein cholesterolemia but positively correlated with the risk of low-high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia. There was no significant association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and blood lipids. Hypothyroidism increased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in both premenopausal and postmenopausal females. Subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly associated with increased hypertriglyceridemia and low-high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia in premenopausal females. Hyperthyroidism was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypercholesterolemia and hyper-low density lipoprotein cholesterolemia in premenopausal females and an increased risk of low-high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia in postmenopausal female. CONCLUSION Abnormal thyroid function has an important effect on blood lipids and is closely related to female menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongze Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Weiping Teng, ; Zhongyan Shan,
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Institute of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Weiping Teng, ; Zhongyan Shan,
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Oxysterol species generated by auto-oxidation in subclinical hypothyroidism. Clin Biochem 2021; 93:73-79. [PMID: 33861988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auto-oxidized oxysterols are implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. Their concentrations are indicators of oxidative stress in vivo and associated with atherosclerosis. Subclinical hypothyroidism is related with cardiac diseases and oxidative stress, but the exact mechanisms underlying these associations are not clear yet. OBJECTIVE To investigate the auto-oxidized oxysterols, 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC) and cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (chol-triol), in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, as well as to evaluate the impact of restoring euthyroidism on oxysterol concentrations. METHODS In this prospective observational study, 64 patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis (41 with subclinical hypothyroidism and 23 euthyroidism), and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. Age, gender, and body mass index were matched among patient groups and healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements were obtained and fasting plasma 7-ketocholesterol and cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol concentrations were measured by using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Levothyroxine was then administered to all patients with subclinical-hypothyroidism. After three months, measurements of the oxysterols and serum cholesterols from the patients who have become euthyroid were repeated. RESULTS Concentrations of 7-ketocholesterol and cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol were significantly higher in patients with subclinical-hypothyroidism when compared to both euthyroid patients and healthy controls (p < 0.001 for both oxysterols). After restoration of euthyroidism, concentrations of 7-ketocholesterol and cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol decreased significantly and reached similar concentrations observed in healthy controls (p < 0.001 for both oxysterols). CONCLUSIONS Auto-oxidized oxysterol species are higher in patients with mild thyroid dysfunction, and supported the rationale for treating subclinical-hypothyroidism.
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The Unity of Redox and Structural Remodeling of Brown Adipose Tissue in Hypothyroidism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040591. [PMID: 33921249 PMCID: PMC8068806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for maintaining whole-body metabolic and energy homeostasis. However, the effects of hypothyroidism, one of the most common diseases worldwide, which increases the risk of several metabolic disorders, on BAT redox and metabolic homeostasis remain mostly unknown. We aimed to investigate the dynamics of protein expression, enzyme activity, and localization of antioxidant defense (AD) enzymes in rat interscapular BAT upon induction of hypothyroidism by antithyroid drug methimazole for 7, 15, and 21 days. Our results showed an increased protein expression of CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutamyl-cysteine ligase, thioredoxin, total glutathione content, and activity of catalase and thioredoxin reductase in hypothyroid rats, compared to euthyroid control. Concomitant with the increase in AD, newly established nuclear, mitochondrial, and peroxisomal localization of AD enzymes was found. Hypothyroidism also potentiated associations between mitochondria, peroxisomes, and lipid bodies, creating specific structural-functional units. Moreover, hypothyroidism induced protein expression and nuclear translocation of a master regulator of redox-metabolic homeostasis, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and an increased amount of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts. The results indicate that spatiotemporal overlap in the remodeling of AD is orchestrated by Nrf2, implicating the role of 4-HNE in this process and suggesting the potential mechanism of redox-structural remodeling during BAT adaptation in hypothyroidism.
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Bano F, Mohanty B. Thyroid disrupting pesticides mancozeb and fipronil in mixture caused oxidative damage and genotoxicity in lymphoid organs of mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 79:103408. [PMID: 32413496 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interference in endocrine signaling in particular of hypothyroid-pituitary-thyroid axis during embryonic/neonatal development increases the risk of long-lasting immune dysfunctioning. Anticipating that, environmentally realistic exposure of established thyroid disrupting pesticides of dithiocarbamate group mancozeb and phenylpyrazole fipronil was given to mice as individual and as mixtures (MIX-I/MIX-II) during the critical initiation phase of the immune response from postnatal day (PND) 31 till PND 60 (maturation phase). The direct exposure effect was assessed at PND 61 and the persistent effect was assessed at PND 91. Pronounced oxidative stress/genotoxicity in lymphoid organs at even low dose mixture exposure of pesticides (MIX-I/ MIX-II) continued to suppress the immune system till adulthood; might be due to the synergistic/additive action. The oxidative stress/genotoxicity effect was prevented on T4 supplementation to inhibit immunotoxicity as T4 is an immune enhancer and antioxidants. Oxidative stress/genotoxicity is suggested as a mechanism of thyroid disruption mediated immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Bano
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211001, U. P., India.
| | - Banalata Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211001, U. P., India.
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Chinese Herbal Medicine Alleviates Thyroidectomy-Induced Cardiopulmonary Exercise Dysfunction in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9415082. [PMID: 32256665 PMCID: PMC7109548 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9415082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypothyroidism frequently causes cardiopulmonary dysfunction, such as heart failure and respiratory and metabolic deficiencies. This study investigated the effects of Chinese herbal formula B307 on thyroidectomy-induced cardiopulmonary exercise dysfunction in rats. Twenty male rats were equally divided into four groups: negative control with sham treatment, positive control with oral B307 treatment only, thyroidectomy treatment only, and thyroidectomy with B307 posttreatment groups. The feeding dose of B307 was 50 mg/kg per day for 14 days. We examined and then compared the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the blood of these four groups. Also, we compared the body weight, neck subcutaneous blood flow, cardiac ejection function, cardiopulmonary exercise function of oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ = VCO2/VO2) among the four groups. Our results indicated that thyroidectomized rats had significantly decreased body weight, neck subcutaneous blood flow, cardiac ejection function, serum T3 and T4, and VO2 and VCO2, but had significantly increased ROS and TSH levels and RQ values compared with sham rats (P < 0.01-0.05). In addition, thyroidectomized rats receiving oral B307 treatment had significantly increased body weight, neck subcutaneous blood flow, cardiac ejection function, and VO2, but significantly decreased ROS and TSH levels and VCO2 and RQ values compared with thyroidectomized rats (P < 0.01-0.05). We suggest that the B307 could be a protective and beneficial alternative treatment for thyroidectomy-induced cardiopulmonary exercise dysfunction.
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Ma X, Wang F, Zhen X, Zhao L, Fang L, Dong Z, Chen W, Zhou X. gp91 phox, a Novel Biomarker Evaluating Oxidative Stress, Is Elevated in Subclinical Hypothyroidism. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:3161730. [PMID: 32454820 PMCID: PMC7225862 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3161730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND gp91phox, the catalytic core of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and biomarker of NOX activation, has been recently recognized as a parameter of systemic oxidative stress in several studies. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is characteristic of elevated level of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and is frequently accompanied with cholesterolemia. In this study, the levels of serum soluble gp91phox were measured to assess the oxidative stress in patients with SH. And the relationship among gp91phox, low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and TSH was also investigated. METHODS A total of 51 subjects were enrolled and categorized into four groups: the healthy controls subjects (n = 13), controls with high level of LDL-C alone (n = 12), SH with normal level of LDL-C (n = 11), and SH with high level of LDL-C (n = 15). The related clinical and laboratory data were collected for statistical analysis. All the patients were newly diagnosed and did not take any medication. The information of lipid profile and thyroid function was extracted, and the concentrations of gp91phox were obtained with ELISA. RESULTS The levels of serum soluble gp91phox evidently increased in the patients with SH with a high level of LDL-C (81.52 ± 37.00 ug/mL) as compared to the healthy controls (54.98 ± 1.83ug/mL, p < 0.001), controls with high level of LDL-C (61.21 ± 4.48 ug/mL, p=0.038) and SH with a normal level of LDL-C (62.82 ± 11.67ug/mL, p=0.027). Additionally, the levels of gp91phox showed a significant positive correlation with both the levels of LDL-C (r = 0.595, p < 0.001) and TSH (r = 0.346, p=0.013) by the Spearman correlation analyses. The correlation remained significant even when the effect of another factor was controlled (TSH: when the effect of LDL-C was controlled, r = 0.453, p=0.001; LDL-C: when the effect of TSH was controlled, r = 0.291, p=0.040). The main effect analysis showed an independent main effect of either LDL-C (p = 0.041) or TSH (p=0.022) on gp91phox without interaction (p=0.299). CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrated that the levels of gp91phox, a novel biomarker for measuring the oxidative stress, were significantly elevated in the patients with SH. And LDL-C and TSH were both independent predictors of gp91phox. Abbreviations. BMI : Body mass index; TC : Total cholesterol; LDL-C : Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C : High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG : Triglyceride; FBG : Fasting blood glucose; FT3 : Free triiodothyronine; FT4 : Free thyroxine; TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone; SBP : Systolic blood pressure; DBP : Diastolic blood pressure; SD : Standard deviation; LSD: Least significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of TCM, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 Shandong, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Zhenfang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 Shandong, China
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Shen M, Xie Z, Jia M, Li A, Han H, Wang T, Zhang L. Effect of Bamboo Leaf Extract on Antioxidant Status and Cholesterol Metabolism in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090699. [PMID: 31540467 PMCID: PMC6770790 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cholesterol is an important lipid substance in organisms. As the precursor of bile acid, steroid hormones and vitamin D3, cholesterol plays important roles in lipid metabolism. Chicken is among the most consumed meat products worldwide; however, its cholesterol level is higher than that of other meat products. High cholesterol in a human diet will increase the risk of atherosclerosis. In addition, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is susceptible to be oxidized, which will cause the death of broilers. Therefore, it is of great significance to enhance the antioxidant capacity and improve cholesterol metabolism in broiler chickens. Bamboo leaf extract (BLE) contains active ingredients such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and active polysaccharides, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects. Our results show that supplementation of BLE in the basal diet improved growth and slaughter performance, antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broilers. Therefore, the application of BLE as a feed additive has a certain economic value. Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broilers. One-day-old male Arbor Acres (576) broilers were randomly divided into six groups. A control group was fed a basal diet, while five experimental groups were supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0g BLE per kg feed in their basal diets. The result indicated that BLE supplementation linearly improved eviscerated yield and decreased abdominal fat (p < 0.05). A significant decrease of serum triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) content was observed with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). BLE supplementation linearly improved the total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in both serum and liver (p < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase was quadratically increased in serum and linearly increased in the liver with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). The malonaldehyde content in liver showed a linear and quadratic decrease with BLE supplementation (p < 0.05). BLE supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expression of cholesterol 7- alpha hydroxylase and low-density lipoprotein receptor and downregulated 3-hydroxy3-methyl glutamates coenzyme A reductase mRNA expression in the liver. The antioxidant enzyme mRNA expressions were all up-regulated by BLE supplementation in the liver. In conclusion, supplemental BLE improved antioxidant status and cholesterol metabolism in broilers, which eventually led to a decrease of serum TG, LDL-c content, and abdominal fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zechen Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Minghui Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Anqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Hongli Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 6, Tongwei Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Sokolenko VL, Sokolenko SV. Interdependence of oxidative/antioxidant system indicators and thyroid status under conditions of prolonged exposure to small doses of radiation. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.15421/021933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the interdependence of the intensity of oxidative processes/antioxidant level and the thyroid status parameters in a group of students aged 18–24 who lived for a long time in the territory of enhanced radioecological control (density of soil contamination by isotopes (137Cs 3.7 ∙ 104 – 18.5 ∙ 104 Bq/m2). We examined 50 people from relatively environmentally friendly areas (control group) and 50 people from IV radiation zone (experimental group). In the experimental group, there were no individuals with clinical manifestations of thyroid pathology. However, subgroups with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were identified. We evaluated the level of cortisol, thyrotrophic hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (Tf), sulfhydryl groups (SH); we calculated the oxidative stress index (OSI). The research was conducted one month before the examination time and also during the exams as a factor in increased emotional stress. A lowered CP level was found in the subgroup with signs of hypothyroidism; SH groups – in all subgroups, separated by thyroid status. The oxidative stress index was higher in all students examined of the experimental group, compared with the control. The growth of MDA level is marked in the experimental group – it is the most strongly pronounced in conditions of additional emotional load in people with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. CP level significantly decreased in the subgroup of hyperthyroidism on the background of T3 decrease. OSI increased in all students examined from the experimental group. In the subgroup of hypothyroidism it became significantly higher than in the subgroup of euthyroidism. A positive correlation between the levels of CP and T3 was found. The highest values of the correlation coefficients were noted for subgroups with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, with the coefficient significance increasing under conditions of emotional stress. The index of oxidative stress in the experimental group positively correlated with the level of TSH – in terms of emotional stress, the statistical significance of the coefficients disappeared. In the subgroups divided by thyroid status, variability of interactions between OSI and T3 was observed but it was not statistically significant. It was found that the participation of thyroid status in supporting redox homeostasis in people aged 18–24 who suffered from chronic small-doze radiation exposure was realized mainly by the influence on the antioxidant system. The ability of thyroid hormones to maintain a proper antioxidant state was suppressed in this group. The unbalanced relationship between thyroid hormones and oxidative stress indicators is strongly manifested under conditions of additional emotional stress.
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12
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Batista G, Hensch TK. Critical Period Regulation by Thyroid Hormones: Potential Mechanisms and Sex-Specific Aspects. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:77. [PMID: 31024251 PMCID: PMC6461013 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate perinatal levels of thyroid hormones (THs) are required for normal brain function and development. Studies in non-mammalian species suggest that TH might be involved in the regulation of critical periods (CPs) of heightened plasticity. Yet, it is largely unknown what mechanisms controlling such CPs might be under TH regulation. Here, we briefly review the influence of TH in early life across evolution. We discuss possible links between TH and known circuit and/or molecular mechanisms determining the timing of CPs of heightened brain plasticity. We focus on the role of parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons since their maturation defines CP onset and closure. Specifically, abnormal PV circuits are associated with low perinatal levels of TH, possibly because thyroid hypofunction may increase oxidative stress and/or dysregulate Otx2-mediated maturation of neuroprotective perineuronal nets. In addition, the level of cholinergic transmission is important for CP plasticity. Potentially, TH levels could affect gain changes in cholinergic transmission that can alter brain development. We believe that understanding how TH impacts CPs of circuit refinement will shed light onto the principles underlying normal developmental trajectories. Given that the thyroid gland expresses estrogen and androgen receptors, its activity can potentially be regulated differently between the sexes, contributing to sexually dimorphic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervasio Batista
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Takao K Hensch
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence, University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Rostami S, Fathollahpour A, Abdi M, Naderi K. Alteration in Prooxidant-antioxidant Balance Associated with Selenium Concentration in Patients with Congenital Hypothyroidism. J Med Biochem 2018; 37:355-363. [PMID: 30598633 PMCID: PMC6298467 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2017-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of studies regarding oxidative balance and selenium (Se) status in congenital hypothyroidism. Recently, more attention has been given to the use of Se supplementation as a new treatment for thyroid disorders. Oxidative stress increases in different thyroid disorders and causes many pathological outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the serum prooxidant-anti - oxidant balance (PAB), Se, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) concentration in congenital hypothyroidism (CH) patients and the association of their probable change with hematological indices. Methods Blood samples were collected from 60 healthy and 39 CH subjects. Serum PAB values were measured and Se, TSH, FT4 and hematological indices were determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 and p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Serum TSH concentration was significantly higher in CH patients group compared to the controls (p value < 0.05); however, FT4 was in the same concentration in patients and controls. Platelet (Plt) and lymphocytes (Lym) counts markedly decreased in all patients and showed a significant direct correlation with serum TSH levels (rs = 0.307, p value = 0.004 and rs = 0.413, p value < 0.0001). Serum PAB and Se had no significant correlation with he - mato logical indices in the studied subjects. Conclusions Although there was no correlation between PAB and also Se with hematologic and biochemical markers in CH patients, changes in these two factors might be considered as a potential risk factor due to the other known effects of high PAB values and low Se concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Rostami
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asadollah Fathollahpour
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kejal Naderi
- Food and drugs control laboratory, Vice-chancellery for food and drugs, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Masullo LF, Magalhães RA, Lemes RPG, de Almeida Filho TP, de Castro MF, Maia Filho PA, Cunha TOV, Quidute ARP, Fontenele EGP, Sun G, Martins MRA. Levothyroxine Replacement Improves Oxidative Status in Primary Hypothyroidism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:655. [PMID: 30467493 PMCID: PMC6235903 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Although hypothyroidism has been linked to oxidative stress, data regarding the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and oxidative stress is still inconsistent. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of levothyroxine replacement on oxidative stress in women with primary hypothyroidism. Design: A total of 25 female patients with primary hypothyroidism were included. Oxidative stress markers were measured before and after levothyroxine replacement treatment in all patients. Methods: Oxidative stress was evaluated through the measurement of oxidants (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and nitrite/nitrate levels), and antioxidants (superoxide dismutase and catalase activity). Results: Antioxidant catalase activity (63.77 ± 23.8 vs. 50.12 ±12.75 atv/min; p = 0.03) was significantly increased and the levels of TBARS (3.02 ± 0.86 vs. 3.55 ± 0.87 μM; p = 0.03) were significantly decreased in the state of euthyroidism after levothyroxine replacement compared to the hypothyroidism before levothyroxine treatment. No significant change in neither nitrite/nitrate concentration (p = 0.18) nor in superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.93) after L-T4 adjustment was found. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that levothyroxine replacement improved oxidative status in patients with primary hypothyroidism, indexed by the significantly decreased levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Farias Masullo
- Research Laboratory in Haemoglobinopathies and Genetics of Haematological Diseases, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rejane Araújo Magalhães
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves Lemes
- Research Laboratory in Haemoglobinopathies and Genetics of Haematological Diseases, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Paulo de Almeida Filho
- Research Laboratory in Haemoglobinopathies and Genetics of Haematological Diseases, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Marilena Facundo de Castro
- Research Laboratory in Haemoglobinopathies and Genetics of Haematological Diseases, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Pedro Aurio Maia Filho
- Research Laboratory in Haemoglobinopathies and Genetics of Haematological Diseases, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Rosa Pinto Quidute
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center-NPDM/Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Eveline Gadelha Pereira Fontenele
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Guang Sun
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, NL, Canada
| | - Manoel Ricardo Alves Martins
- Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center-NPDM/Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Manoel Ricardo Alves Martins
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15
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Diacerein inhibits Estradiol-benzoate induced cervical hyperkeratosis in female rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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16
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Peng R, Li Y. Low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are associated with lipid profile in depressive patients with long symptom duration. J Affect Disord 2017; 217:99-104. [PMID: 28395210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study was designed to investigate the association between serum thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with lipid profile in depressive disorder. METHODS A total of 370 depressive individuals aged 18 years and above were recruited in this cross-section study. All participants underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) and recorded the duration of their symptoms. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TCH), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein A (Lp(a)), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and TSH levels were determined and the ratios of TCH/HDL-C were assessed. RESULTS Depressed subjects with a symptom duration ≥3 years had higher TG levels, increased TCH/HDL-C ratios and lower levels of HDL-C, FT4 and TSH compared with depressive patients with a symptom duration <3 years. Correlation analysis displayed that TSH is positively and significantly associated with TCH and LDL-C (p<0.05); the above FT4 and FT3 are negatively, significantly and respectively associated with TCH/HDL-C (p<0.05) and TCH, HDL-C, LDL-C (p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that serum TG and TSH levels are associated with depressive symptom duration. CONCLUSIONS According to our results,These findings indicate that low serum TSH levels are associated with lipid profile, TG and TSH levels have significant association with symptom duration in depressive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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17
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Ye J, Zhong X, Du Y, Cai C, Pan T. Role of levothyroxine and vitamin E supplementation in the treatment of oxidative stress-induced injury and apoptosis of myocardial cells in hypothyroid rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:713-719. [PMID: 28213641 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying mechanism and treatment of myocardial injury caused by hypothyroidism, we evaluated oxidative stress in serum and myocardial tissue of hypothyroid rats. The effect of levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy and vitamin E (VitE) supplementation on oxidative stress-induced injury and apoptosis of myocardial tissue is examined. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control group, propylthiouracil group (PTU group), LT4 treatment group (PTU + LT4 group), vitamin E treatment group (PTU + VitE group), and combined treatment group (PTU + LT4 + VitE group). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) expression in serum and myocardium were determined. Myocardial apoptosis index (AI) in each group was determined by TUNEL assay. RESULTS SOD levels in serum were significantly increased in PTU + VitE and PTU + LT4 + Vit E groups, as compared to that in PTU and PTU + LT4 groups (P < 0.05). MDA levels in serum and myocardial tissue were significantly lower in PTU + LT4, PTU + VitE, and PTU + LT4 + VitE groups, as compared to that in the PTU group (P < 0.05). Myocardial apoptosis was significantly increased in PTU and PTU + VitE groups as compared to that in the normal control group (P < 0.05), while it was significantly lower in PTU + LT4 and PTU + LT4 + VitE groups, as compared to that in the PTU group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In this study, levothyroxine replacement therapy and vitamin E supplementation appeared to ameliorate myocardial apoptosis in hypothyroid rats, the mechanism of which appears to be related to improved thyroid function and reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ye
- Department of Endorinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678, Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Endorinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678, Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Y Du
- Department of Endorinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678, Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - C Cai
- Department of Endorinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678, Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - T Pan
- Department of Endorinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678, Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
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18
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Aydogdu A, Karakas EY, Erkus E, Altıparmak İH, Savık E, Ulas T, Sabuncu T. Epicardial fat thickness and oxidative stress parameters in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:383-389. [PMID: 28261292 PMCID: PMC5332468 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.65479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid disorders are known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and oxidative stress are also believed to be major risk factors for cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between oxidative stress parameters and EFT in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 60 individuals (30 patients with SCH and 30 healthy controls) were recruited for the study. The EFT and oxidative stress parameters of all participants were analyzed at baseline; the same were analyzed in SCH patients after achievement of a euthyroid state. RESULTS Compared to healthy subjects, SCH patients had significantly higher EFT and oxidative stress parameters (p < 0.05 for all). EFT and oxidative stress parameters both decreased after treatment, but only the decrease of EFT levels was statistically significant after thyroid hormone replacement (p < 0.05). Serum EFT levels were not significantly correlated with oxidative stress index (r = 0.141, p = 0.458). CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have demonstrated that visceral adipose tissue and oxidative stress are major risk factors for cardiovascular events; our study demonstrated that EFT, a visceral adipose tissue, and oxidative stress parameters were higher, and could be used as an indicator for cardiovascular diseases in patients with SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aydogdu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Emel Yigit Karakas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Emre Erkus
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Emin Savık
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Turgay Ulas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Sabuncu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Oktay S, Uslu L, Emekli N. Effects of altered thyroid states on oxidative stress parameters in rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:159-165. [PMID: 27824612 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones are effective on oxidant-antioxidant balance by leading basal metabolic rate. In this study, the effects of altered thyroid states on low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and oxidative stress parameters were investigated in an experimental animal model. METHODS Thirty female Wistar Albino rats were equally divided into 3 groups as follows: control group; hypothyroid group (methimazole (75 mg/100 g was added to diet); hyperthyroid group [L-thyroxine (0.4 mg/100 g was added to diet)]. Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) levels, thyroid, and lipid parameters were determined in serum. Also lipid peroxidation (LPO), sialic acid (SA) and glutathione levels (GSH), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in tissue samples. RESULTS A significant increase in lipid parameters was observed in hypothyroid group, whereas these parameters were decreased in hyperthyroid group compared to control group. For ox-LDL levels, a significant increase was observed both in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups. In brain, liver and kidney tissues, LPO and SA levels were increased, whereas GSH levels were decreased both in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups. The SOD and CAT activities were significantly decreased in hypothyroid group, however, they were increased in hyperthyroid group compared to control group. Both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid conditions modify the oxidant-antioxidant state in serum and tissues. CONCLUSIONS Increased SOD and CAT activities in hyperthyroid group suggest that elevated thyroid hormones can reduce oxidative stress by maintaining antioxidant defense and they might have a protective effect on some tissues against oxidants.
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Zhang H, Dong Y, Su Q. Perinatal hypothyroidism modulates antioxidant defence status in the developing rat liver and heart. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:185-189. [PMID: 27918653 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant defence status in perinatal hypothyroid rat liver and heart. We found that the proteincarbonyl content did not differ significantly between the three groups both in the pup liver and in the heart. The OH˙ level was significantly decreased in the hypothyroid heart but not in the liver compared with controls. A slight but not significant decrease in SOD activity was observed in both perinatal hypothyroid liver and heart. A significantly increased activity of CAT was observed in the liver but not in the heart of hypothyroid pups. The GPx activity was considerably increased compared with controls in the perinatal hypothyroid heart and was unaltered in the liver of hypothyroid pups. We also found that vitamin E levels in the liver decreased significantly in hypothyroidism and were unaltered in the heart of perinatal hypothyroid rats. The GSH content was elevated significantly in both hypothyroid liver and heart. The total antioxidant capacity was higher in the liver of the hypothyroid group but not in the hypothyroid heart. Thyroxine replacement could not repair the above changes to normal. In conclusion, perinatal hypothyroidism modulates the oxidative stress status of the perinatal liver and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
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Syamsunder AN, Pal P, Pal GK, Kamalanathan CS, Parija SC, Nanda N, Sirisha A. Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is linked to the atherogenic index, retrograde inflammation, and oxidative stress in subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocr Res 2017; 42:49-58. [PMID: 27260547 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2016.1181648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Purpose/aim of the study: The present study investigated the link of hyperlipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) to cardiovascular (CV) risks in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 81 subclinical hypothyroid patients and 80 healthy subjects as control. Their CV and autonomic functions were assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), continuous blood pressure variability (BPV) measurement and conventional autonomic function testing. Thyroid profile, lipid profile, immunological, inflammatory and OS markers were estimated and correlated with the baro-reflex sensitivity (BRS), the marker of sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) & CV risk. RESULTS Mean arterial pressure (MAP, P<0.0001), total peripheral resistance (TPR, P<0.0001), ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power of HRV (LF-HF ratio) (P<0.0001) were significantly higher and BRS (P<0.0001) was significantly lower in SCH group than the control group. BRS significantly correlated with heart rate, MAP, LF-HF ratio, lipid risk factors, anti-thyroperoxidase antibody, thyroid-stimulating hormone, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and SCH. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that SVI is associated with SCH. Though dyslipidemia, inflammation and OS contributed to decreased BRS, SCH per se contributed maximally to it. Decreased BRS could be a physiological basis of increased CV risks in patients with SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avupati Naga Syamsunder
- a Department of Physiology , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
| | - Pravati Pal
- a Department of Physiology , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
| | - Gopal Krushna Pal
- a Department of Physiology , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
| | | | - Subhash Chandra Parija
- c Department of Microbiology , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
| | - Nivedita Nanda
- d Department of Biochemistry , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
| | - Allampalli Sirisha
- a Department of Physiology , Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) , Puducherry , India
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22
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Huang Y, Ying Z, Chen Z, Xiang W, Su Z, Quan W, Weng Y, Zhang X. Thyroid hormone level is associated with the frequency and severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Int J Neurosci 2017; 127:893-899. [PMID: 28042737 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1278541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory demyelination disorder, and oxidative stress is concerned with the pathogenesis of the disease. Also, we found that thyroid hormone level is correlated to the oxidative and antioxidant status in previous studies. Our study was aimed to find the possible relationship between the frequency and severity of GBS and thyroid hormone levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in 238 individuals, including 90 GBS, 44 multiple sclerosis and 104 healthy controls. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that the patients with GBS had lower TSH and higher FT4, FT4/FT3 than healthy controls in the normal range. Furthermore, it was also shown in our study that TSH levels in patients with GBS were correlated with disease severity measured by the Hughes Functional Grading Scale. CONCLUSION Lower TSH, higher FT4 and FT4/FT3 stand for the oxidative status and are associated with the incidence and severity of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhaojian Ying
- b Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhibo Chen
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Weiwei Xiang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Zhongqian Su
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Weiwei Quan
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Yiyun Weng
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Xu Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
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Erem C, Suleyman AK, Civan N, Mentese A, Nuhoglu İ, Uzun A, Coskun H, Deger O. The effect of L-thyroxine replacement therapy on ischemia-modified albümin and malondialdehyde levels in patients with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Endocr Res 2016; 41:350-360. [PMID: 27111422 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2016.1163722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with subclinical (SHypo) and overt hypothyroidism (OHypo), and to assess the effects of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy on the oxidative stress (OS) parameters. We also investigated the relationships among serum thyroid hormones, lipid parameters, and IMA and MDA in these patients. DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty untreated patients with OHypo, 25 untreated patients with Shypo, and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively included in the study. Biochemical and hormonal parameters including IMA and MDA were evaluated in all patients just before and one month after the maintenance of euthyroidism. RESULTS Compared with the control subjects, the levels of MDA and triglycerides (TG) significantly increased in patients with SHypo (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels significantly decreased (p = 0.01). Patients with OHypo showed significantly high MDA, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and TG levels (p = 0.001, p < 0.01, p = 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively), and significantly low HDL-C levels compared with the controls (p < 0.05). MDA levels and lipid profile were not significantly different in the patients with OHypo when compared with the patients with SHypo. Serum IMA levels did not significantly change in patients with OHypo and SHypo compared with the controls. In the pre-treatment period, MDA levels were inversely correlated with HDL-C levels in patients with OHypo (r: -0.471, p = 0.009). Plasma MDA and LDL-C levels significantly decreased and HDL-C levels significantly increased in the groups of OHypo and SHypo after LT4 treatment. Serum IMA levels did not significantly change with the therapy in all patient groups. CONCLUSIONS Increased MDA levels in both patient groups represent increased lipid peroxidation which might play an important role in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerosis seen in these patients. Increased OS in patients with SHypo and OHypo could be improved by LT4 treatment. Also, MDA can be used as a reliable marker of OS and oxidative damage, while IMA is considered to be inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihangir Erem
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Akile Karacin Suleyman
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Nadim Civan
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - İrfan Nuhoglu
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uzun
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Hulya Coskun
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
| | - Orhan Deger
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey
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Akin MA, Sarici D, Yikilmaz A, Akin L, Gunes T, Ozturk MA, Kurtoglu S. Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Newborns with Congenital Hypothyroidism. Horm Res Paediatr 2016; 80:267-72. [PMID: 24051741 DOI: 10.1159/000354688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in neonates is associated with lipid alterations that might be a risk factor for early cardiovascular disease in adult life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CH on lipid metabolism and aortic intima media thickness (aIMT) as a unique finding of the increased risk of atherogenic risk in neonatal age. METHODS The study group consisted of 15 newborns with CH who were identified by neonatal mass screening (patient group), and 25 healthy newborns (control group). Serum lipid profiles and aIMT obtained from abdominal aorta were measured in all subjects. RESULTS The mean aIMT were higher in the patient group (0.46 ± 0.062 mm) compared with the control group (0.34 ± 0.035 mm; p = 0.006). The weight-adjusted aIMT of patients (0.13 ± 0.017 mm/kg) was also significantly greater than that of the controls (0.10 ± 0.019 mm/kg; p < 0.001). Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly higher in patients than those in healthy controls (130.80 ± 44.46 vs. 99.96 ± 18.87 mg/dl). The other lipid levels including triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels of the patients were slightly higher than those of the controls, without statistical significance. CONCLUSION Neonates with CH have significantly higher aIMT with lipid alterations. Hypothyroidism might increase the risk of early atherosclerosis even in the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ali Akin
- Division of Neonatology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri , Turkey. mustafaaliakin @ hotmail.com
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Thyroid Hormones, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6757154. [PMID: 27051079 PMCID: PMC4802023 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6757154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are closely related processes, as well exemplified in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. OS is also related to hormonal derangement in a reciprocal way. Among the various hormonal influences that operate on the antioxidant balance, thyroid hormones play particularly important roles, since both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism have been shown to be associated with OS in animals and humans. In this context, the nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) that typically manifests as reduced conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in different acute and chronic systemic conditions is still a debated topic. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this syndrome are reviewed, together with the roles of deiodinases, the enzymes responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3, in both physiological and pathological situations. The presence of OS indexes in NTIS supports the hypothesis that it represents a condition of hypothyroidism at the tissue level and not only an adaptive mechanism to diseases.
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26
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Zha K, Zuo C, Wang A, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhao J, Gao L, Xu C. LDL in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism shows increased lipid peroxidation. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:95. [PMID: 26302822 PMCID: PMC4548906 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based studies have demonstrated that subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis (OR = 1.9). However, this connection cannot be entirely explained by dyslipidemia accompanied by SCH. Lipid peroxidation also plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate oxidative stress in SCH patients, as measured according to concentrations of hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs) and hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) in both plasma and low density lipoproteins (LDL). SUBJECTS AND METHODS The concentrations of HODEs and HETEs in both LDL and plasma were examined in euthyroid (n = 10), mild SCH (4.5 ≤ TSH < 10 mU/L, n = 10), and significant SCH (TSH ≥ 10 mU/L, n = 10) subjects, using a liquid chromatograph-electrospray ionization- mass spectrometer. Then, we explored the relationship among LDL oxidation, TSH levels, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Serum LDL-C levels and mean-IMT in the significant SCH group were higher than in the euthyroid group (p < 0.05). The HODE and HETE concentrations clearly increased in the significant SCH patients compared with the euthyroid subjects, but there was no difference between the mild SCH and euthyroid groups. Among all subjects, linear and significant positive correlations were identified between TSH and mean-IMT after adjustment for confounding factors (r = 0.480, p = 0.018). Both 9-HODE (r = 0.376, p = 0.041) and 13-HODE (r = 0.447, p = 0.013) in LDL were linearly and positively correlated with TSH. The concentrations of HODEs (both 9-HODE and 13-HODE) in LDL were much higher in the thickened IMT group than in the normal IMT group (p = .017 and 0.015, respectively). HODEs in LDL were also positively associated with mean-IMT. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that lipid peroxidation was higher in the significant SCH patients than in the euthyroid subjects, which suggested that qualitative as well as quantitative changes in serum lipids resulting from SCH may add to atherosclerosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexi Zha
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of endocrinology, Shanghai Second People's Hospital, Shanghai, 250021, China
| | - Changting Zuo
- Department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Aihong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Bingchang Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Department of endocrinology, Shuguang Hospital Baoshan Branch, Shanghai, 250021, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Department of Health Care, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yunjia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Association Between Thyroid Hormones, Lipids and Oxidative Stress Markers in Subclinical Hypothyroidism. J Med Biochem 2015; 34:323-331. [PMID: 28356843 PMCID: PMC4922350 DOI: 10.2478/jomb-2014-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. It is recognized in overt hypothyroidism while its existence in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is not well established. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was increased oxidation of lipids and proteins in SCH, and examine their association with lipids and thyroid hormones. METHODS Male adults (35-59 years) with SCH (n=467) and euthyroid controls (n=190) were studied. Anthropometric measurements, plasma lipids, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and dityrosine concentrations were measured. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of MDA were significantly higher (p<0.05) in SCH (8.11±1.39 nmol/mL) compared with euthyroid controls (7.34±1.31 nmol/mL) while AOPP, dityrosine and T-AOC levels were not different. MDA was not associated with TSH (β=-0.019, P=0.759), FT4 (β=-0.062, P=0.323) and FT3 (β=-0.018, P=0.780) in SCH while levels increased with elevated total cholesterol (β=0.229, P=0.001), LDL (β=0.203, P=0.009) and triglycerides (β=0.159, P=0.036) after adjustment for age and body mass index. T-AOC reduced (β=-0.327, P=0.030) with increased MDA in euthyroid controls and not in SCH (β=-0.068, P=0.349), while levels increased with elevated triglycerides in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress was increased in subclinical hypothyroidism as evidenced by the elevated lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, while protein oxidation was absent. Thus, reduction of oxidative stress may be beneficial in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.
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Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S, Mohamed IN, Aminuddin A, Johari MH, Ngah WZW. The relationships between thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone with lipid profile in euthyroid men. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:349-55. [PMID: 24578612 PMCID: PMC3936029 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alteration in lipid profile is a common observation in patients with thyroid dysfunction, but the current knowledge on the relationship between lipids and thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid state is insufficient. The current study aimed to determine the association between thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with lipid profile in a euthyroid male population. METHODS A total of 708 Chinese and Malay men aged 20 years and above were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Their blood was collected for the determination of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and TSH levels. The association was analyzed using multiple regression and logistic regression models with adjustment for age, ethnicity, body mass index and FT4/FT3/TSH levels. RESULTS In multiple regression models, TSH was positively and significantly associated with TG (p<0.05). Free T4 was positively and significantly associated with TC, LDL-C and HDL-C (p<0.05). Free T3 was negatively and significantly associated with HDL-C (p<0.05). In binary logistic models, an increase in TSH was significantly associated with higher prevalence of elevated TG in the subjects (p<0.05), while an increase in FT4 was significantly associated with higher prevalence of elevated TC but a lower prevalence of subnormal HDL in the subjects (p<0.05). Free T3 was not associated with any lipid variables in the logistic regression (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS In euthyroid Malaysian men, there are positive and significant relationships between TSH level and TG level, and between FT4 level and cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Yong Chin
- 1. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | | | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- 1. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | - Amilia Aminuddin
- 2. Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
| | | | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- 3. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. ; 4. UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
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29
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Villanueva I, Alva-Sánchez C, Pacheco-Rosado J. The role of thyroid hormones as inductors of oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:218145. [PMID: 24386502 PMCID: PMC3872098 DOI: 10.1155/2013/218145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxidizing agents amply implicated in tissue damage. ROS production is inevitably linked to ATP synthesis in most cells, and the rate of production is related to the rate of cell respiration. Multiple antioxidant mechanisms limit ROS dispersion and interaction with cell components, but, when the balance between ROS production and scavenging is lost, oxidative damage develops. Many traits of aging are related to oxidative damage by ROS, including neurodegenerative diseases. Thyroid hormones (THs) are a major factor controlling metabolic and respiratory rates in virtually all cell types in mammals. The general metabolic effect of THs is a relative acceleration of the basal metabolism that includes an increase of the rate of both catabolic and anabolic reactions. THs are related to oxidative stress not only by their stimulation of metabolism but also by their effects on antioxidant mechanisms. Thyroid dysfunction increases with age, so changes in THs levels in the elderly could be a factor affecting the development of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the relationship is not always clear. In this review, we analyze the participation of thyroid hormones on ROS production and oxidative stress, and the way the changes in thyroid status in aging are involved in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Villanueva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, 11340 México City, DF, Mexico
| | - C. Alva-Sánchez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, 11340 México City, DF, Mexico
| | - J. Pacheco-Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, 11340 México City, DF, Mexico
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30
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Radhakishun NNE, van Vliet M, von Rosenstiel IA, Weijer O, Beijnen JH, Brandjes DPM, Diamant M. Increasing thyroid-stimulating hormone is associated with impaired glucose metabolism in euthyroid obese children and adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2013; 26:531-7. [PMID: 23525871 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrasting data exist regarding the relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and obesity-related risk factors in children. In the present study, we investigated the association between TSH, free T4 (fT4) and cardiometabolic risk factors in euthyroid obese children and adolescents. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patient records was performed on data from 703 multi-ethnic obese children and adolescents who visited an obesity-outpatient clinic. We performed anthropometric measurements, an oral glucose tolerance test, and measured serum TSH, fT4 and lipid levels. RESULTS A positive association between TSH and the standard deviation score of the body mass index (BMI-Z) was found. After adjustment for ethnicity, sex, pubertal stage and BMI-Z, logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between TSH levels and impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, high total cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides. No significant associations between fT4 levels and cardiometabolic risk factors were found in linear/logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION In our multi-ethnic cohort of euthyroid obese children and adolescents increasing TSH was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini N E Radhakishun
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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