1
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Wu X, Shen S, Wu J, Wu S, Wang S, Di F. ENPP1 ameliorates vascular calcification via inhibiting the osteogenic transformation of VSMCs and generating PPi. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230861. [PMID: 38152331 PMCID: PMC10751896 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) on vascular calcification in rats. The rationale behind studying ENPP1's role in vascular calcification lies in its potential to modulate calcification processes. Understanding this relationship can offer insights into novel therapeutic avenues for addressing vascular calcification-related disorders. In this experiment, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification was induced using β-glycerophosphoric acid. Subsequently, recombinant AAV9-carrying ENPP1 was introduced into VSMCs to achieve both in vitro and in vivo overexpression of ENPP1. The findings indicate that ENPP1 overexpression significantly reduces calcium and phosphorus content in the aorta (P < 0.05). Alizarin red and von Kossa staining reveal notable reductions in calcium salt deposits in VSMCs and aorta, respectively. Notably, the expression levels of BMP-2, PINP, OC, and BALP were substantially decreased in VSMCs (P < 0.05), underscoring ENPP1's role in impeding osteoblast-like transdifferentiation of VSMCs. Additionally, ENPP1 overexpression led to a significant increase in pyrophosphate (PPi) levels compared to control rats (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that ENPP1 contributes to alleviating vascular calcification by elevating PPi levels and inhibiting the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. These findings shed light on the potential therapeutic role of ENPP1 in mitigating vascular calcification-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuijuan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shaorui Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shimi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Di
- Department of Respiratory, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Yuecheng District, No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing312000, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Duan Y, Peng Z, Zhong S, Zhou P, Huang H, Li J, He Z. VX-765 ameliorates CKD VSMC calcification by regulating STAT3 activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175610. [PMID: 36858340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent clinical evidences show that caspase-1 inhibitor-VX-765 attenuates atherosclerosis in ApoE deficient mice. However, there is rarely information about the effect of VX-765 on hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification or vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. Here we investigate the effect of VX-765 on vascular calcification in uremia circumstances. METHODS Hyperphosphatemia-induced VSMC calcification were evaluated by Alizarin Red S. Aortas from CKD rats which were gavaged with VX-765 were examined for calcification signal using micro-CT. Levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD were measured by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence assay, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We demonstrated for the first time that the levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β, and IL-18 were up-regulated in hyperphosphatemia-induced calcifying VSMCs. Blockade of caspase-1 activation by VX-765 inhibited pyroptosis-related molecules and VSMC calcification in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. Further analysis of aortas from calcified CKD rats showed an up-regulation of caspase-1 and GSDMD expression compared with those non-calcified vascular tissue from control rats or with those decreased-calcified vascular tissue from CKD rats treated with 50 mg/kg/d, which indicated that pyroptotic indicators were tightly correlated with CKD arterial calcification. In vitro studies further demonstrated that VX-765 ameliorated hyperphosphatemia-induced VSMCs calcification through inhibiting the STAT3 activation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that VX-765 could inhibit hyperphosphatemia-induced calcifying VSMCs and ameliorate vascular calcification in CKD rats. VX-765 might be a potential treatment strategy for CKD vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhong Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Shuzhu Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Hong Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Jianlong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Zhangxiu He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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3
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Li J, Li X, Dong X, Ma L, Guo Z, Chen X. Different outcomes following parathyroidectomy in patients with uremic tumoral calcinosis: two case reports. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:55. [PMID: 36922797 PMCID: PMC10018971 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uremic tumoral calcinosis (UTC) is a rare complication in hemodialysis patients, whose mechanism remains incompletely understood. We report two cases with UTC who experienced completely different patterns of regression following parathyroidectomy, although there were no significant differences in serum calcium levels, parathyroid hormone, or phosphorus production between the two patients. CASE PRESENTATION Case 1 had a substantial improvement in soft tissue calcification. However, in Case 2, one calcified mass was partially absorbed, while the others were aggravated with severe microvascular calcification and subcutaneous extravascular calcification. Whole-exome sequencing data revealed five mutation sites associated with atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION The different outcomes in UTC patients after PTX are rare. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of paradoxical changes occurring in patients with UTC after parathyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- Department of Nephrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiuhong Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhentao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
| | - Xuexun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
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4
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Ye D, Liu Y, Pan H, Feng Y, Lu X, Gan L, Wan J, Ye J. Insights into bone morphogenetic proteins in cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125642. [PMID: 36909186 PMCID: PMC9996008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secretory proteins belonging to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins play important roles in embryogenesis, bone morphogenesis, blood vessel remodeling and the development of various organs. In recent years, as research has progressed, BMPs have been found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). In this review, we summarized the potential roles and related mechanisms of the BMP family in the cardiovascular system and focused on atherosclerosis and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liren Gan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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5
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Lu YC, Kuan YH, Lin CY, Chou YT, Chen SC, Gao GL, Hsu CW, Su JGJ. Alizarin as a New Activator of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Pathway. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221136669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) is a natural red dye extracted from the roots of Rubia cordifolia L. (family Rubiaceae). Alizarin has been used as a biological red stain for calcium. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has critical roles in multiple physiological pathways. This study aimed to determine whether alizarin is an unreported ligand of AhR. In the present study, we investigated the effects on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 mRNA, protein expression, AhR nuclear translocation, aryl hydrocarbon response element (AHRE) reporter activity, and AhR-specific antagonist following alizarin treatment of cells of the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, and murine hepatoma cell line, Hepa-1c1c7. Alizarin induced CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expression in HepG2 and Hep-1c1c7 cells. Such induction was not present in C4 (B13NBii1) cells, which are AhR signal deficient, C12 (B15ECiii2) cells, which reduce AhR protein levels. The alizarin-induced responses were blocked by CH-223191, which is an AhR antagonist. Alizarin, the same as with the AhR ligand, induced the nuclear localization of AhR, as well as stimulated the transcriptional activity of AHRE. The results of this study suggest that alizarin is an AhR agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Che Lu
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chun Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Lun Gao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chiang Wei Hsu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jyan-Gwo Joseph Su
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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6
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Xiang Y, Duan Y, Peng Z, Huang H, Ding W, Chen E, Liu Z, Dou C, Li J, Ou J, Wan Q, Yang B, He Z. Microparticles from Hyperphosphatemia-Stimulated Endothelial Cells Promote Vascular Calcification Through Astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:73-86. [PMID: 35195734 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) can be released in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma concentration of high inorganic phosphate (HP) is considered as a decisive determinant of vascular calcification in CKD. We therefore explored the role of HP-induced EMPs (HP-EMPs) in the vascular calcification and its potential mechanism. We observed the shape of HP-EMPs captured by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) dynamically changed from rare dots, rosettes, to semicircle or circle. Our results demonstrated that HP-EMPs could directly promote VSMC calcification, or accelerate HP-induced calcification through signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3)/bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) signaling pathway. AEG-1 activity was increased through HP-EMPs-induced VSMC calcification, in arteries from uremic rats, or from uremic rats treated with HP-EMPs. AEG-1 deficiency blocked, whereas AEG-1 overexpression exacerbated, the calcium deposition of VSMCs. AEG-1, a target of miR-153-3p, could be suppressed by agomiR-153-3p. Notably, VSMC-specific enhance of miR-153-3p by tail vein injection of aptamer-agomiR-153-3p decreased calcium deposition in both uremia rats treated with HP-EMPs or not. HP-EMPs could directly induce VSMCs calcification and accelerate Pi-induced calcification, and AEG-1 may act as crucial regulator of HP-EMPs-induced vascular calcification. This study sheds light on the therapeutic agents that influence HP-EMPs production or AEG-1 activity, which may be of benefit to treat vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Duan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - En Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyun Dou
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jihong Ou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsong Wan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangxiu He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Niu Z, Su G, Li T, Yu H, Shen Y, Zhang D, Liu X. Vascular Calcification: New Insights Into BMP Type I Receptor A. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:887253. [PMID: 35462911 PMCID: PMC9019578 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a complex ectopic calcification process and an important indicator of increased risk for diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and other diseases. Therefore, clarifying the pathogenesis of VC is of great clinical significance. Numerous studies have shown that the onset and progression of VC are similar to bone formation. Members of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family of proteins are considered key molecules in the progression of vascular calcification. BMP type I receptor A (BMPR1A) is a key receptor of BMP factors acting on the cell membrane, is widely expressed in various tissues and cells, and is an important “portal” for BMP to enter cells and exert their biological effect. In recent years, many discoveries have been made regarding the occurrence and treatment of ectopic ossification-related diseases involving BMP signaling targets. Studies have confirmed that BMPR1A is involved in osteogenic differentiation and that its high expression in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells can lead to vascular calcification. This article reviews the role of BMPR1A in vascular calcification and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms to provide clues for the clinical treatment of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanyue Su
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongchi Yu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Shen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Demao Zhang, ; Xiaoheng Liu,
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Demao Zhang, ; Xiaoheng Liu,
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8
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Lin X, Li J, Tan R, Zhong X, Yang J, Wang L. Identification of Hub Genes Associated with the Development of Acute Kidney Injury by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 46:63-73. [PMID: 33401265 DOI: 10.1159/000511661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical syndrome, causing a profound medical and socioeconomic burden worldwide. This study aimed to explore underlying molecular targets related to the progression of AKI. METHODS A public database originated from the NCBI GEO database (serial number: GSE121190) and a well-established and unbiased method of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify hub genes and potential pathways were used. Furthermore, the unbiased hub genes were validated in 2 classic models of AKI in a rodent model: chemically established AKI by cisplatin- and ischemia reperfusion-induced AKI. RESULTS A total of 17 modules were finally obtained by the unbiased method of WGCNA, where the genes in turquoise module displayed strong correlation with the development of AKI. In addition, the results of gene ontology revealed that the genes in turquoise module were involved in renal injury and renal fibrosis. Thus, the hub genes were further validated by experimental methods and primarily obtained Rplp1 and Lgals1 as key candidate genes related to the progression of AKI by the advantage of quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and in situ tissue fluorescence. Importantly, the expression of Rplp1 and Lgals1 at the protein level showed positive correlation with renal function, including serum Cr and BUN. CONCLUSIONS By the advantage of unbiased bioinformatic method and consequent experimental verification, this study lays the foundation basis for the pathogenesis and therapeutic agent development of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ruizhi Tan
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jieke Yang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Prophylaxis and Treatment by Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,
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9
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Mohammadi B, Esmaeilizadeh Z, Rajabibazl M, Ghaderian SMH, Omrani MD, Fazeli Z. Preconditioning of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with HEK293-coditioned media can influence on the expression of BMP2, BMP6 and BMP11: Potential application in the treatment of renal lesions. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Yang P, Troncone L, Augur ZM, Kim SSJ, McNeil ME, Yu PB. The role of bone morphogenetic protein signaling in vascular calcification. Bone 2020; 141:115542. [PMID: 32736145 PMCID: PMC8185454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is associated with atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes, and results from processes resembling endochondral or intramembranous ossification, or from processes that are distinct from ossification. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), as well as other ligands, receptors, and regulators of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family regulate vascular and valvular calcification by modulating the phenotypic plasticity of multipotent progenitor lineages associated with the vasculature or valves. While osteogenic ligands BMP2 and BMP4 appear to be both markers and drivers of vascular calcification, particularly in atherosclerosis, BMP7 may serve to protect against calcification in chronic kidney disease. BMP signaling regulators such as matrix Gla protein and BMP-binding endothelial regulator protein (BMPER) play protective roles in vascular calcification. The effects of BMP signaling molecules in vascular calcification are context-dependent, tissue-dependent, and cell-type specific. Here we review the current knowledge on mechanisms by which BMP signaling regulates vascular calcification and the potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luca Troncone
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zachary M Augur
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephanie S J Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Megan E McNeil
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul B Yu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Xu TH, Du Y, Sheng Z, Li Y, Qiu X, Tian B, Yao L. OGT-Mediated KEAP1 Glycosylation Accelerates NRF2 Degradation Leading to High Phosphate-Induced Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1092. [PMID: 33192538 PMCID: PMC7649800 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the complex regulatory pathways that mediate the effects of phosphate on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may provide novel targets and therapies to limit the destructive effects of vascular calcification (VC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our previous studies have highlighted several signaling networks associated with VSMC autophagy, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Thereafter, the current study was performed to characterize the functional relevance of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) in high phosphate-induced VC in CKD settings. We generated VC models in 5/6 nephrectomized rats in vivo and VSMC calcification models in vitro. Artificial modulation of OGT (knockdown and overexpression) was performed to explore the role of OGT in VSMC autophagy and VC in thoracic aorta, and in vivo experiments were used to substantiate in vitro findings. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was performed to examine interaction between OGT and kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and in vivo ubiquitination assay was performed to examine ubiquitination extent of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). OGT was highly expressed in high phosphate-induced 5/6 nephrectomized rats and VSMCs. OGT silencing was shown to suppress high phosphate-induced calcification of VSMCs. OGT enhances KEAP1 glycosylation and thereby results in degradation and ubiquitination of NRF2, concurrently inhibiting VSMC autophagy to promote VSMC calcification in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. OGT inhibits VSMC autophagy through the KEAP1/NRF2 axis and thus accelerates high phosphate-induced VC in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinke Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zitong Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Binyao Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Halloran D, Durbano HW, Nohe A. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Bone Homeostasis. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:E19. [PMID: 32933207 PMCID: PMC7557435 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. These proteins are essential to many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Specifically, within the BMP family, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) was the first BMP to be characterized and has been well-studied. BMP-2 has important roles during embryonic development, as well as bone remodeling and homeostasis in adulthood. Some of its specific functions include digit formation and activating osteogenic genes, such as Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2). Because of its diverse functions and osteogenic potential, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved usage of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) during spinal fusion surgery, tibial shaft repair, and maxillary sinus reconstructive surgery. However, shortly after initial injections of rhBMP-2, several adverse complications were reported, and alternative therapeutics have been developed to limit these side-effects. As the clinical application of BMP-2 is largely implicated in bone, we focus primarily on its role in bone. However, we also describe briefly the role of BMP-2 in development. We then focus on the structure of BMP-2, its activation and regulation signaling pathways, BMP-2 clinical applications, and limitations of using BMP-2 as a therapeutic. Further, this review explores other potential treatments that may be useful in treating bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anja Nohe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (D.H.); (H.W.D.)
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13
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Bersini S, Schulte R, Huang L, Tsai H, Hetzer MW. Direct reprogramming of human smooth muscle and vascular endothelial cells reveals defects associated with aging and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome. eLife 2020; 9:54383. [PMID: 32896271 PMCID: PMC7478891 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunctions are a common feature of multiple age-related diseases. However, modeling healthy and pathological aging of the human vasculature represents an unresolved experimental challenge. Here, we generated induced vascular endothelial cells (iVECs) and smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) by direct reprogramming of healthy human fibroblasts from donors of different ages and Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) patients. iVECs induced from old donors revealed upregulation of GSTM1 and PALD1, genes linked to oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial junction stability, as vascular aging markers. A functional assay performed on PALD1 KD VECs demonstrated a recovery in vascular permeability. We found that iSMCs from HGPS donors overexpressed bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)−4, which plays a key role in both vascular calcification and endothelial barrier damage observed in HGPS. Strikingly, BMP4 concentrations are higher in serum from HGPS vs. age-matched mice. Furthermore, targeting BMP4 with blocking antibody recovered the functionality of the vascular barrier in vitro, hence representing a potential future therapeutic strategy to limit cardiovascular dysfunction in HGPS. These results show that iVECs and iSMCs retain disease-related signatures, allowing modeling of vascular aging and HGPS in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bersini
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States.,Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at The Salk Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Roberta Schulte
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ling Huang
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core (IGC), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Hannah Tsai
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - Martin W Hetzer
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
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14
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Zaker B, Ardalan M. Vascular calcification; Stony bridge between kidney and heart. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020; 12:165-171. [PMID: 33123321 PMCID: PMC7581848 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a high prevalent complication that arises as a consequence of impaired calcium and phosphate balance amongst cardiovascular patients. Multiple inducer/ inhibitory molecules and pathways as well as genetic background and lifestyle play role in this phenomenon. According to which vessel layer (intima, media or both) is involved different types of vascular calcification take place. Actual mechanism and consensus pathways have not been elucidated yet and needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Zaker
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Wang L, Tang R, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Chen S, Song K, Guo Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wang X, Liu H, Zhang X, Liu BC. A Rat Model with Multivalve Calcification Induced by Subtotal Nephrectomy and High-Phosphorus Diet. KIDNEY DISEASES 2020; 6:346-354. [PMID: 33490114 DOI: 10.1159/000506013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with known valve calcification (VC) places individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The study of VC in CKD is challenging due to the lack of a suitable research model. Here, we established a rat model of multivalve calcification induced by subtotal nephrectomy and a high-phosphate (HP) diet and analyzed the valve characteristics. Methods We established a CKD model in Sprague-Dawley rats by performing 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) followed by feeding with chow containing different phosphate concentrations for 8, 12, or 16 weeks. The rats were divided into 4 groups: sham+normal phosphate (NP, 0.9% P), sham+high phosphate (HP, 2.0% P), 5/6Nx+NP, and 5/6Nx+HP. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, and 24-h urine protein levels were investigated. Pathological examinations included histological characterization, safranin staining, Alcian blue staining, and von Kossa staining at different time points. Using nanoanalytical electron microscopy, we examined valves from rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and sham+HP groups and detected spherical particles using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to observe microscopic changes in the valves. In addition, the calcified tissues were analyzed for phase and crystallization properties using an X-ray powder diffractometer. Results The rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and 5/6Nx+NP groups presented with increased levels of Scr, BUN, and 24-h urine protein compared with those of the rats in the sham+HP and sham+NP groups. High levels of PTH were observed, and hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen showed parathyroid hyperplasia in rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group but not in the 5/6Nx+NP group. In rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group, extracellular matrix glycosylation was observed in the aortic valve in the 12th week and the mitral valve in the 16th week. In the 16th week, chondrocytes appeared in the aortic valve, as confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Calcified particles mainly composed of phosphorus and calcium were observed in both the aortic and mitral valves by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The main mineral component of the calcified aortic valve particles was hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)], as shown by X-ray diffraction. However, there were no obvious differences in heart function between rats in the 5/6Nx+HP and sham+HP groups. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that multivalve calcification is involved in CKD following 16-week HP and that hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] is the main component of the calcified aortic valve particles of rats in the 5/6Nx+HP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rining Tang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaiyun Song
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Nephrology, NanJing LiShui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Experimental Animal Centers School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Lee SJ, Lee IK, Jeon JH. Vascular Calcification-New Insights Into Its Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082685. [PMID: 32294899 PMCID: PMC7216228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), which is categorized by intimal and medial calcification, depending on the site(s) involved within the vessel, is closely related to cardiovascular disease. Specifically, medial calcification is prevalent in certain medical situations, including chronic kidney disease and diabetes. The past few decades have seen extensive research into VC, revealing that the mechanism of VC is not merely a consequence of a high-phosphorous and -calcium milieu, but also occurs via delicate and well-organized biologic processes, including an imbalance between osteochondrogenic signaling and anticalcific events. In addition to traditionally established osteogenic signaling, dysfunctional calcium homeostasis is prerequisite in the development of VC. Moreover, loss of defensive mechanisms, by microorganelle dysfunction, including hyper-fragmented mitochondria, mitochondrial oxidative stress, defective autophagy or mitophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, may all contribute to VC. To facilitate the understanding of vascular calcification, across any number of bioscientific disciplines, we provide this review of a detailed updated molecular mechanism of VC. This encompasses a vascular smooth muscle phenotypic of osteogenic differentiation, and multiple signaling pathways of VC induction, including the roles of inflammation and cellular microorganelle genesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Joo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea;
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(53)-200-3182; Fax: +82-(53)-200-3155
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17
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Gorskaya YF, Semenova EN, Nagurskaya EV, Nesterenko VG. Involvement of Bone Marrow Multipotent Stromal Cells in the Processes Presumably Provoking Vascular Calcification. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 168:479-484. [PMID: 32146636 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During serial transplantation of bone marrow derived from young and aged donor CBA mice to 5-month-old recipients, the counts of multipotent stromal cells (MSC) in transplants from young donors assessed at each passage surpassed those of aged donors by 3.2, 7.8, 3.0, and 2.2 times attesting to the age-related decrease of active pool of bone marrow MSC. The medullary curettage in mouse femur increased the total number of MSC and the number of osteogenic MSC both in the contralateral femur and in the bone marrow transplants attesting to spread of the effects of osteogenic factors after bone injury onto the bone tissue of the body even if this tissue if not topographically related to the skeleton. Combined and simultaneous administration of antigenic complex of S. typhimurium (or LPS) with BMP-2 markedly increased the count of osteogenic medullary MSC by 3.6 or 4.6 times in comparison with intact control or by 2.1 and 2.7 times in comparison with administration of BMP-2 alone, which probably resulted from enlargement of the pool of osteogenesis-inducible MSC due to inflammation. Addition of BMP-2 to the culture of splenic stromal cells where osteogenesis does not occur under normal conditions provoked appearance of MSC colonies with alkaline phosphatase activity attesting to involvement of inducible osteogenic MSC in vascular calcification. It can be hypothesized that the reaction to the age-related changes in the bone tissue and osteoporosis is similar to the reaction to bone marrow injury and includes initiation of systemic inflammation and elevation of blood BMP-2, both of which are prerequisite for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu F Gorskaya
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E N Semenova
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Nagurskaya
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Nesterenko
- Laboratory of Immunity Regulation and Immunological Tolerance, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Miyata KN, Nast CC, Dai T, Dukkipati R, LaPage JA, Troost JP, Schurgers LJ, Kretzler M, Adler SG. Renal matrix Gla protein expression increases progressively with CKD and predicts renal outcome. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:120-129. [PMID: 29981754 PMCID: PMC6167754 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) is a potent inhibitor of ectopic calcification and modulates bone morphogenesis. Little is known about MGP expression or function in kidney. METHODS We investigated renal MGP expression in Sprague-Dawley rats after 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) and in human kidney biopsies in the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) cohort. We analyzed associations between glomerular (n = 182) and tubulointerstitial (TI) (n = 219) MGP mRNA levels and the disease activity/histologic features in NEPTUNE patients. Additionally, uncarboxylated and carboxylated MGP (ucMGP and cMGP, respectively) were localized by immunohistochemistry and quantitated in kidney tissues of patients at different stages of CKD (n = 18). RESULTS Renal MGP expression was increased in rats after 5/6 Nx. In NEPTUNE data, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) negatively correlated with glomerular and TI MGP expression (p <0.001). TI MGP expression strongly correlated with interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, acute tubular injury, and interstitial inflammation, independent of eGFR. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable Cox regression showed that higher levels of TI MGP expression were associated with an increased risk for the composite of 40% decline in eGFR and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (HR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.31 to 6.32; p =0.02). Glomerular and tubulointerstitial cells demonstrated nuclear and cytoplasmic cMGP and ucMGP staining, and eGFR inversely correlated with quantified glomerular cMGP staining (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that renal MGP expression is increased in human and experimental CKD, and is associated with renal outcome. Additional studies are needed to determine its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana N Miyata
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
| | - Cynthia C Nast
- Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Tiane Dai
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Ramanath Dukkipati
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Janine A LaPage
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jonathan P Troost
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics & Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, 1540 E Hospital Dr SPC 4259, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1560 MSRB II, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, SPC5676, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sharon G Adler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
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