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Yoon YS, Chung KS, Lee SY, Heo SW, Kim YR, Lee JK, Kim H, Park S, Shin YK, Lee KT. Anti-obesity effects of a standardized ethanol extract of Eisenia bicyclis by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells and HFD-induced mice. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38771619 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity requires treatment to mitigate the potential development of further metabolic disorders, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, tumor growth, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We investigated the anti-obesity effect of a 30% ethanol extract of Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell (EEB) on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Adipogenesis transcription factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) were ameliorated through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway by EEB treatment in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. EEB attenuated mitotic clonal expansion by upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) while downregulating cyclins and CDKs. In HFD-fed mice, EEB significantly decreased the total body weight, fat tissue weight, and fat in the tissue. The protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 was increased in the subcutaneous fat and liver tissues, while EEB decreased the expression levels of these transcription factors. EEB also inhibited lipogenesis by downregulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in the subcutaneous fat and liver tissues. Moreover, the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC was downregulated in the HFD-induced mouse group, whereas the administration of EEB improved AMPK and ACC phosphorylation; thus, EEB treatment may be related to the AMPK pathway. Histological analysis showed that EEB reduced the adipocyte size and fat accumulation in subcutaneous fat and liver tissues, respectively. EEB promotes thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and improves insulin and leptin levels and blood lipid profiles. Our results suggest that EEB could be used as a potential agent to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seo Yoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Won Heo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjae Kim
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoon Park
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyong Shin
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Alves-Costa S, Leite FRM, Ladeira LLC, Lima-Soares F, de Andrade Paes AM, de Souza BF, Nascimento GG, Ribeiro CCC. Behavioral and metabolic risk factors associated with periodontitis in Brazil, 1990-2019: a multidimensional analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7909-7917. [PMID: 38008803 PMCID: PMC10713794 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a non-communicable disease (NCD) that may be linked to other NCDs through shared risk factors. Accordingly, we analyzed the relationship between periodontitis and behavioral and metabolic risks common to NCDs in Brazilian adults over three decades. METHODS Indicators of periodontitis, behavioral risks (smoking, alcohol use, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), and physical activity), and metabolic risks (overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension) in Brazilian adults (25-49 y-old) between 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data were adjusted for Gini index. Fixed-effects and Prais-Winsten regressions were performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS The prevalence of periodontitis has increased among Brazilians since 2005. High-SSB diet, alcohol use, and metabolic risks increased between 1990-2019, whereas smoking decreased. In crude models, periodontitis prevalence increased with alcohol use (2545.1; 95%CI: 2307.9-2782.3), high-SSB diet (365.5; 95%CI: 322.5-408.4), low physical activity (1784.4; 95%CI: 763.7-2805.0), overweight/obesity (172.3; 95%CI: 156.3-188.4), dyslipidemia (734.5; 95%CI: 624.7-844.2), and hyperglycemia (1774.3; 95%CI: 1555.9-1992.7). After adjustment for the Gini index, periodontitis prevalence raised with a high-SBB diet (1416.0; 95%CI: 1120.2-1711.8), overweight/obesity (629.9; 95%CI: 573.1-686.8), dyslipidemia (2035.8; 95%CI: 1728.1-2343.5), and hyperglycemia (8918.1; 95%CI: 7979.8-9856.3). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis has increased in Brazil since 2005, despite the smoking reduction. Sugar-sweetened beverage was the behavioral risk that mostly accompanied the periodontal trend. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results support upstream strategies targeting commercial, social, political, and structural determinants to tackle NCDs and reduce oral health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Alves-Costa
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Fábio Renato Manzolli Leite
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Oral Health ACP, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Fernanda Lima-Soares
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Feres de Souza
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Oral Health ACP, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, 5 Second Hospital Avenue, 168938, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Cecilia Claudia Costa Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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Benavides-Aguilar JA, Torres-Copado A, Isidoro-Sánchez J, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK, Banerjee A, Paul S. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Obesity and Obesity-Derived Ailments. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2070. [PMID: 38003013 PMCID: PMC10671661 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition that is characterized by the presence of excessive adipose tissue in the body. Obesity has become one of the main health concerns worldwide since it can lead to other chronic ailments, such as type 2 diabetes or fatty liver disease, and it could be an aggravating factor in infections. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and can play an important role in controlling crucial biological processes involved in the onset of obesity, such as lipogenesis, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, or the regulation of cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, chemical compounds present in food or food packaging can alter miRNA expression and regulate the aforementioned biological mechanisms related to diabetes onset and progression. Furthermore, therapies, such as bariatric surgery and aerobic exercise training, can also influence the expression profile of miRNAs in obesity. Therefore, the present review provides insight into the current research on the role of miRNAs in obesity and obesity-derived ailments, intending to develop novel therapies to effectively manage these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A. Benavides-Aguilar
- Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - José Isidoro-Sánchez
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai 603103, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
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Sanches MD, Goldberg TBL, Rizzo ADCB, da Silva VN, Mosca LN, Romagnoli GG, Gorgulho CM, Araujo Junior JP, de Lima GR, Betti IR, Kurokawa CS. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in obese adolescents with antibody against to adenovirus 36. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9918. [PMID: 37336969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in adolescents has reached epidemic proportions and is associated with the inflammatory response and viral infections. The aim of this study was to understand the profile of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with the inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese adolescents with positive serology for adenovirus 36 (ADV36). Thirty-six overweight, 36 obese, and 25 severe obesity adolescents aged 10 to 16 years were included in the study. The following variables were analyzed: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, glucose, serum cytokine concentrations, and ADV36 antibodies. Cytokines and chemokines were quantified by cytometry and ADV36 serology was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed higher levels of the cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10 and of the chemokine interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in severe obesity adolescents compared to the obese and overweight groups, as well as in the group with MetS compared to the group without this syndrome. The frequency of ADV36-positive individuals did not differ between groups. The findings revealed differences in BMI between the obese and severe obesity groups versus the overweight group in the presence of positivity for ADV36, suggesting an association with weight gain and possibly MetS installation.
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Abudujilile D, Wang W, Aimaier A, Chang L, Dong Y, Wang Y, Fan X, Ma Y, Wang Y, Ziyayiding D, Ma Y, Lv J, Li J. Cistanche tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides suppressed adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and improved obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet induced obese mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:270. [PMID: 36229811 PMCID: PMC9564091 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cistanche tubulosa is an editable and medicinal traditional Chinese herb and phenylethanoid glycosides are its major components, which have shown various beneficial effects such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective activities. However, the anti-obesity effect of C. tubulosa phenylethanoid glycosides (CTPG) and their regulatory effect on gut microbiota are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated its anti-obesity effect and regulatory effect on gut microbiota by 3T3-L1 cell model and obesity mouse model. Methods 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used to evaluate CTPG effects on adipogenesis and lipids accumulation. Insulin resistant 3T3-L1 cells were induced and used to measure CTPG effects on glucose consumption and insulin sensitivity. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 obese mice were used to investigate CTPG effects on fat deposition, glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and intestinal microorganism. Results In vitro data showed that CTPG significantly decreased the triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) contents of the differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner without cytotoxicity, and high concentration (100 µg/ml) of CTPG treatment dramatically suppressed the level of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. Meanwhile, CTPG increased glucose consumption and decreased NEFA level in insulin resistant 3T3-L1 cells. We further found that CTPG protected mice from the development of obesity by inhibiting the expansion of adipose tissue and adipocyte hypertrophy, and improved hepatic steatosis by activating AMPKα to reduce hepatic fat accumulation. CTPG ameliorated HFD-induced hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, inflammation and insulin resistance by activating IRS1/Akt/GLUT4 insulin signaling pathway in white adipose tissue. Moreover, gut microbiota structure and metabolic functions in HFD-induced obese mice was changed by CTPG, especially short chain fatty acids-producing bacteria including Blautia, Roseburia, Butyrivibrio and Bacteriodes were significantly increased by CTPG treatment. Conclusions CTPG effectively suppressed adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and ameliorated HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance through activating AMPKα and IRS1/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway and regulating the composition and metabolic functions of gut microbiota. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03743-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilinazi Abudujilile
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Weilan Wang
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Alimu Aimaier
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Lili Chang
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Yuliang Dong
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Yiye Wang
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Xu Fan
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Yu Ma
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Yongli Wang
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Dilinigeer Ziyayiding
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Yuan Ma
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Jie Lv
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
| | - Jinyao Li
- grid.413254.50000 0000 9544 7024Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017 China
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Macrophages, Low-Grade Inflammation, Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia: A Mutual Ambiguous Relationship in the Development of Metabolic Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154358. [PMID: 35955975 PMCID: PMC9369133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic derangement with poor glycemic control accompanying overweight and obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and hyperinsulinemia. Macrophages, which present a very heterogeneous population of cells, play a key role in the maintenance of normal tissue homeostasis, but functional alterations in the resident macrophage pool as well as newly recruited monocyte-derived macrophages are important drivers in the development of low-grade inflammation. While metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and tissue damage may trigger or advance pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages, the inflammation itself contributes to the development of insulin resistance and the resulting hyperinsulinemia. Macrophages express insulin receptors whose downstream signaling networks share a number of knots with the signaling pathways of pattern recognition and cytokine receptors, which shape macrophage polarity. The shared knots allow insulin to enhance or attenuate both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophage responses. This supposedly physiological function may be impaired by hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance in macrophages. This review discusses the mutual ambiguous relationship of low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and the insulin-dependent modulation of macrophage activity with a focus on adipose tissue and liver.
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Park SH, Lee YS, Sim J, Seo S, Seo W. Alcoholic liver disease: a new insight into the pathogenesis of liver disease. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:447-459. [PMID: 35761115 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption contributes to a broad clinical spectrum of liver diseases, from simple steatosis to end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver is the primary organ that metabolizes ingested alcohol and is exquisitely sensitive to alcohol intake. Alcohol metabolism is classified into two pathways: oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolism. Both oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolisms and their metabolites have toxic consequences for multiple organs, including the liver, adipose tissue, intestine, and pancreas. Although many studies have focused on the effects of oxidative alcohol metabolites on liver damage, the importance of non-oxidative alcohol metabolites in cellular damage has also been discovered. Furthermore, extrahepatic alcohol effects are crucial for providing additional information necessary for the progression of alcoholic liver disease. Therefore, studying the effects of alcohol-producing metabolites and interorgan crosstalk between the liver and peripheral organs that express ethanol-metabolizing enzymes will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. This review focuses on alcohol-metabolite-associated hepatotoxicity due to oxidative and non-oxidative alcohol metabolites and the role of interorgan crosstalk in alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol Hee Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Sim
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonkyung Seo
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyo Seo
- Lab of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, #52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03765, Republic of Korea.
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