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Kaczmarek K, Więckiewicz J, Que I, Gałuszka-Bulaga A, Chan A, Siedlar M, Baran J. Human Soluble TRAIL Secreted by Modified Lactococcus lactis Bacteria Promotes Tumor Growth in the Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0002. [PMID: 38299562 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively induces apoptosis of sensitive cancer cells, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Due to its short biological half-life after intravenous administration and related clinical ineffectiveness, novel formulations of TRAIL need to be developed. Here we propose Lactococcus lactis bacteria as a vehicle for local delivery of human soluble TRAIL (hsTRAIL) in CRC. The use of common probiotics targeting guts as carriers for TRAIL could ensure its sustained release at the tumor site and extend the duration of its activity. We have already engineered hsTRAIL-secreting L.lactis bacteria and showed their effectiveness in elimination of human CRC cells in vitro and in vivo in a mouse subcutaneous model. Here, L.lactis(hsTRAIL+) were administered by gastric gavage to SCID mice with orthotopically developed HCT116 tumor in cecum, in monotherapy or in combination with metformin (MetF), already shown to enhance the hsTRAIL anti-tumor activity in subcutaneous CRC model. Oral administration of L.lactis(hsTRAIL+) resulted in significant progression of HCT116 tumors and shortening of the colon crypts. Secretion of hsTRAIL in the colon was accompanied by infiltration of the primary tumor with M2-macrophages, while MetF promoted transient colonization of the gut by L.lactis. Our study indicates that L.lactis bacteria after oral administration enable delivery of biologically active hsTRAIL to colon, however its potential therapeutic effect in CRC treatment is abolished by its pro-tumorigenic signalling, leading to the recruitment of M2-macrophages and tumor growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy Więckiewicz
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ivo Que
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Currently: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrianna Gałuszka-Bulaga
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alan Chan
- Percuros B.V., Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarek Baran
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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2
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Xie X, Yu T, Li X, Zhang N, Foster LJ, Peng C, Huang W, He G. Recent advances in targeting the "undruggable" proteins: from drug discovery to clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:335. [PMID: 37669923 PMCID: PMC10480221 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Undruggable proteins are a class of proteins that are often characterized by large, complex structures or functions that are difficult to interfere with using conventional drug design strategies. Targeting such undruggable targets has been considered also a great opportunity for treatment of human diseases and has attracted substantial efforts in the field of medicine. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the recent development of drug discovery targeting "undruggable" proteins and their application in clinic. To make this review well organized, we discuss the design strategies targeting the undruggable proteins, including covalent regulation, allosteric inhibition, protein-protein/DNA interaction inhibition, targeted proteins regulation, nucleic acid-based approach, immunotherapy and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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3
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Huang Q, Liu F. Ceramide Analog 5cc Overcomes TRAIL Resistance by Enhancing JNK Activation and Repressing XIAP Expression in Metastatic Colon Cancer Cells. Chemotherapy 2023; 68:210-218. [PMID: 37429260 DOI: 10.1159/000531757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is considered to be an effective apoptosis inducer due to its selectivity for tumor cells. However, many cancer cells, especially metastatic cancer cells, often exhibit resistance to TRAIL because their apoptotic pathway is impaired or their pro-survival pathway is overactivated. TRAIL resistance is the main obstacle to current TRAIL therapy. Nowadays, ceramide analogs represent a new class of potential anticancer agents. Therefore, we hypothesized that disrupting pro-survival signaling with ceramide analogs would increase TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. METHODS MTT assay and flow cytometry were conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect of ceramide analog 5cc on TRAIL in metastatic colon cancer cells. Western blot was used to detect signaling proteins affected by 5cc. RNA interference was performed to analyze the effects of specific gene on 5cc-enhanced apoptosis. RESULTS Ceramide analog 5cc markedly enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis evidenced by increased propidium iodide/annexin V double-positive cells and PARP cleavage in SW620 and LS411N cells. At the molecular level, 5cc significantly reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through the activation of the c-Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway which is critically involved in sensitizing tumor cells to TRAIL/5cc combination. JNK-silenced cells exhibited a significant reversal of TRAIL/5cc-mediated apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that ceramide analog 5cc overcomes TRAIL resistance by enhancing JNK activation and repressing XIAP expression in metastatic colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqian Huang
- Research Centre of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Zhejiang University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong on Natural Products and Toxicology Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feiyan Liu
- Research Centre of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Zhejiang University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong on Natural Products and Toxicology Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Jong KXJ, Mohamed EHM, Ibrahim ZA. Escaping cell death via TRAIL decoy receptors: a systematic review of their roles and expressions in colorectal cancer. Apoptosis 2022; 27:787-799. [PMID: 36207556 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The development of targeted therapy such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-based therapy has gained increasing attention as a promising new approach in cancer therapy. TRAIL specifically targets cancer cells while sparing the normal cells, thus, limiting the known side effects of the majority anti-cancer therapies. As more extensive research and clinical trials are conducted, resistance to TRAIL molecule has become one of the significant issues associated with the failure of TRAIL in treating colorectal cancer (CRC). To date, the exact mechanism by which TRAIL resistance may have occurred remains unknown. Interestingly, recent studies have revealed the critical role of the TRAIL decoy receptor family; consisting of decoy receptor 1 (DcR1; also known as TRAIL-R3), decoy receptor 2 (DcR2; also known as TRAIL-R4), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in driving TRAIL resistance. This review highlights the expression of the decoy receptors in CRC and its possible association with the reduction in sensitivity towards TRAIL treatment based on the currently available in vitro, in vivo, and human studies. Additionally, discrepancies between the outcomes from different research groups are discussed, and essential areas are highlighted for future investigation of the roles of decoy receptors in modulating TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Overcoming TRAIL resistance through modulating the expression(s) and elucidating the role(s) of TRAIL decoy receptors hold great promise for TRAIL-based therapies to be extensively explored in treating human cancers including CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Xue Jing Jong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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5
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Daoud M, Broxtermann PN, Schorn F, Werthenbach JP, Seeger JM, Schiffmann LM, Brinkmann K, Vucic D, Tüting T, Mauch C, Kulms D, Zigrino P, Kashkar H. XIAP promotes melanoma growth by inducing tumour neutrophil infiltration. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53608. [PMID: 35437868 PMCID: PMC9171690 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of the X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) has been frequently reported in malignant melanoma suggesting that XIAP renders apoptosis resistance and thereby supports melanoma progression. Independent of its anti‐apoptotic function, XIAP mediates cellular inflammatory signalling and promotes immunity against bacterial infection. The pro‐inflammatory function of XIAP has not yet been considered in cancer. By providing detailed in vitro analyses, utilising two independent mouse melanoma models and including human melanoma samples, we show here that XIAP is an important mediator of melanoma neutrophil infiltration. Neutrophils represent a major driver of melanoma progression and are increasingly considered as a valuable therapeutic target in solid cancer. Our data reveal that XIAP ubiquitylates RIPK2, involve TAB1/RIPK2 complex and induce the transcriptional up‐regulation and secretion of chemokines such as IL8, that are responsible for intra‐tumour neutrophil accumulation. Alteration of the XIAP‐RIPK2‐TAB1 inflammatory axis or the depletion of neutrophils in mice reduced melanoma growth. Our data shed new light on how XIAP contributes to tumour growth and provides important insights for novel XIAP targeting strategies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Daoud
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pia Nora Broxtermann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Schorn
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Paul Werthenbach
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Michael Seeger
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lars M Schiffmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplant Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Brinkmann
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI) and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Tüting
- Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Mauch
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kulms
- Department of Dermatology, Experimental Dermatology, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute for Molecular Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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6
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Elliott PR, Leske D, Wagstaff J, Schlicher L, Berridge G, Maslen S, Timmermann F, Ma B, Fischer R, Freund SMV, Komander D, Gyrd-Hansen M. Regulation of CYLD activity and specificity by phosphorylation and ubiquitin-binding CAP-Gly domains. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109777. [PMID: 34610306 PMCID: PMC8511506 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-degradative ubiquitin chains and phosphorylation events govern signaling responses by innate immune receptors. The deubiquitinase CYLD in complex with SPATA2 is recruited to receptor signaling complexes by the ubiquitin ligase LUBAC and regulates Met1- and Lys63-linked polyubiquitin and receptor signaling outcomes. Here, we investigate the molecular determinants of CYLD activity. We reveal that two CAP-Gly domains in CYLD are ubiquitin-binding domains and demonstrate a requirement of CAP-Gly3 for CYLD activity and regulation of immune receptor signaling. Moreover, we identify a phosphorylation switch outside of the catalytic USP domain, which activates CYLD toward Lys63-linked polyubiquitin. The phosphorylated residue Ser568 is a novel tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-regulated phosphorylation site in CYLD and works in concert with Ser418 to enable CYLD-mediated deubiquitination and immune receptor signaling. We propose that phosphorylated CYLD, together with SPATA2 and LUBAC, functions as a ubiquitin-editing complex that balances Lys63- and Met1-linked polyubiquitin at receptor signaling complexes to promote LUBAC signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Elliott
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
| | - Derek Leske
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off-Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jane Wagstaff
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Lisa Schlicher
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off-Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Georgina Berridge
- TDI Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Sarah Maslen
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Frederik Timmermann
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off-Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Biao Ma
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off-Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- TDI Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Stefan M V Freund
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - David Komander
- Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia; Department for Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Mads Gyrd-Hansen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Off-Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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7
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Seo HG, Kim HB, Yoon JY, Kweon TH, Park YS, Kang J, Jung J, Son S, Yi EC, Lee TH, Yang WH, Cho JW. Mutual regulation between OGT and XIAP to control colon cancer cell growth and invasion. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:815. [PMID: 32994395 PMCID: PMC7525441 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is an enzyme that catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of nucleocytoplasmic proteins and is highly expressed in many types of cancer. However, the mechanism regulating its expression in cancer cells is not well understood. This study shows that OGT is a substrate of the E3 ubiquitin ligase X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) which plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis. Although LSD2 histone demethylase has already been reported as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in lung cancer cells, we identified XIAP as the main E3 ubiquitin ligase in colon cancer cells. Interestingly, OGT catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of XIAP at serine 406 and this modification is required for the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of XIAP toward specifically OGT. Moreover, O-GlcNAcylation of XIAP suppresses colon cancer cell growth and invasion by promoting the proteasomal degradation of OGT. Therefore, our findings regarding the reciprocal regulation of OGT and XIAP provide a novel molecular mechanism for controlling cancer growth and invasion regulated by OGT and O-GlcNAc modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Gyu Seo
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kweon
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Soo Park
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingu Kang
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongJin Son
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Yang
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Lu H, Zhou Q, He J, Jiang Z, Peng C, Tong R, Shi J. Recent advances in the development of protein-protein interactions modulators: mechanisms and clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:213. [PMID: 32968059 PMCID: PMC7511340 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have pivotal roles in life processes. The studies showed that aberrant PPIs are associated with various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting PPIs is a direction in treating diseases and an essential strategy for the development of new drugs. In the past few decades, the modulation of PPIs has been recognized as one of the most challenging drug discovery tasks. In recent years, some PPIs modulators have entered clinical studies, some of which been approved for marketing, indicating that the modulators targeting PPIs have broad prospects. Here, we summarize the recent advances in PPIs modulators, including small molecules, peptides, and antibodies, hoping to provide some guidance to the design of novel drugs targeting PPIs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Lu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610072, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaodan Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonic, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 610072, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Cheng Peng
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicines of Ministry, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610072, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610072, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Low expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and Smac indicates prolonged progression-free survival in chemotherapy-treated metastatic melanoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:124. [PMID: 32054850 PMCID: PMC7018795 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the introduction of novel targeted therapies, chemotherapy still remains the primary treatment for metastatic melanoma in poorly funded healthcare environments or in case of disease relapse, with no reliable molecular markers for progression-free survival (PFS) available. As chemotherapy primarily eliminates cancer cells by apoptosis, we here evaluated if the expression of key apoptosis regulators (Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Smac, Procaspase-9, Apaf-1, Procaspase-3 and XIAP) allows prognosticating PFS in stage III/IV melanoma patients. Following antibody validation, marker expression was determined by automated and manual scoring of immunohistochemically stained tissue microarrays (TMAs) constructed from treatment-naive metastatic melanoma biopsies. Interestingly and counter-intuitively, low expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and Smac indicated better prognosis (log-rank p < 0.0001, p = 0.0301 and p = 0.0227 for automated and p = 0.0422, p = 0.0410 and p = 0.0073 for manual scoring). These findings were independently validated in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) metastatic melanoma cohort (TCGA-SKCM) at transcript level (log-rank p = 0.0004, p = 0.0104 and p = 0.0377). Taking expression heterogeneity between the markers in individual tumour samples into account allowed defining combinatorial Bax, Bak, Smac signatures that were associated with significantly increased PFS (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0028 at protein and transcript level, respectively). Furthermore, combined low expression of Bax, Bak and Smac allowed predicting prolonged PFS (> 12 months) on a case-by-case basis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) = 0.79). Taken together, our results therefore suggest that Bax, Bak and Smac jointly define a signature with potential clinical utility in chemotherapy-treated metastatic melanoma.
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10
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Uddin MH, Pimentel JM, Chatterjee M, Allen JE, Zhuang Z, Wu GS. Targeting PP2A inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:592-600. [PMID: 32011210 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1723195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) does not respond to widely used targeted/endocrine therapies because of the absence of progesterone and estrogen receptors and HER2 amplification. It has been shown that the majority of TNBC cells are highly sensitive to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis, but the development of TRAIL resistance limits its efficacy. We previously found that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays an important role in TRAIL resistance. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PP2A inhibition on cell death in TRAIL-resistant TNBC cells. We found that the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 effectively inhibits the growth of a panel of TNBC cell lines including lines that are intrinsically resistant to TRAIL. Using two TRAIL-resistant cell lines generated from TRAIL-sensitive parental cells (MDA231 and SUM159), we found that both TRAIL-sensitive and -resistant cell lines are equally sensitive to LB-100. We also found that LB-100 sensitizes TNBC cells to clinically used chemotherapeutical agents, including paclitaxel and cisplatin. Importantly, we found that LB-100 effectively inhibits the growth of MDA468 tumors in mice in vivo without apparent toxicity. Collectively, these data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of PP2A activity could be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating patients with TNBC in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hafiz Uddin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Julio M Pimentel
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Cancer Biology Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Madhumita Chatterjee
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Joshu E Allen
- Department of Research and Development, Oncoceutics, Inc, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Cancer Biology Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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11
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Shi Y, Wang J, Liu J, Lin G, Xie F, Pang X, Pei Y, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Yin Z, Wang X, Niu G, Chen X, Liu G. Oxidative stress-driven DR5 upregulation restores TRAIL/Apo2L sensitivity induced by iron oxide nanoparticles in colorectal cancer. Biomaterials 2019; 233:119753. [PMID: 31923762 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There exists an emergency clinical demand to overcome TRAIL/Apo2L (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) resistance, which is a major obstacle attributed to insufficient level or mutation of TRAIL receptors. Here, we developed an iron oxide cluster-based nanoplatform for both sensitization and MR image-guided evaluation to improve TRAIL/Apo2L efficacy in colorectal cancer, which has an inadequate response to TRAIL/Apo2L or chemotherapy. Specifically, NanoTRAIL (TRAIL/Apo2L-iron oxide nanoparticles) generated ROS (reactive oxygen species)-triggered JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) activation and induced subsequent autophagy-assisted DR5 upregulation, resulting in a significant enhanced antitumor efficacy of TRAIL/Apo2L, which confirmed in both TRAIL-resistant HT-29, intermediately resistant SW-480 and sensitive HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, in a subcutaneous colorectal cancer mouse model, the in vivo tumor retention of NanoTRAIL can be demonstrated by MR T2 weighted contrast imaging, and NanoTRAIL significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged the survival time without observable adverse effects compared with control and TRAIL/Apo2L monotherapy. Importantly, in the study of colorectal cancer patient-derived xenograft models, we found that the NanoTRAIL treatment could significantly improve the survival outcome with consistent ROS-dependent autophagy-assisted DR5 upregulation and tumor apoptosis. Our results describe a transformative design that can be applied clinically to sensitize Apo2L/TRAIL-resistant patients using FDA-approved iron oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China
| | - Gan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fengfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yihua Pei
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhongning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhengyu Yin
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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12
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Cytosolic Gram-negative bacteria prevent apoptosis by inhibition of effector caspases through lipopolysaccharide. Nat Microbiol 2019; 5:354-367. [PMID: 31873204 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cytosolic appearance and propagation of bacteria cause overwhelming cellular stress responses that induce apoptosis under normal conditions. Therefore, successful bacterial colonization depends on the ability of intracellular pathogens to block apoptosis and to safeguard bacterial replicative niches. Here, we show that the cytosolic Gram-negative bacterium Shigella flexneri stalls apoptosis by inhibiting effector caspase activity. Our data identified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a bona fide effector caspase inhibitor that directly binds caspases by involving its O-antigen (O Ag) moiety. Bacterial strains that lacked the O Ag or failed to replicate within the cytosol were incapable of blocking apoptosis and exhibited reduced virulence in a murine model of bacterial infection. Our findings demonstrate how Shigella inhibits pro-apoptotic caspase activity, effectively delays coordinated host-cell demise and supports its intracellular propagation. Next to the recently discovered pro-inflammatory role of cytosolic LPS, our data reveal a distinct mode of LPS action that, through the disruption of the early coordinated non-lytic cell death response, ultimately supports the inflammatory breakdown of infected cells at later time points.
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13
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Manzari MT, Anderson GR, Lin KH, Soderquist RS, Çakir M, Zhang M, Moore CE, Skelton RN, Fèvre M, Li X, Bellucci JJ, Wardell SE, Costa SA, Wood KC, Chilkoti A. Genomically informed small-molecule drugs overcome resistance to a sustained-release formulation of an engineered death receptor agonist in patient-derived tumor models. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw9162. [PMID: 31517048 PMCID: PMC6726446 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Extrinsic pathway agonists have failed repeatedly in the clinic for three core reasons: Inefficient ligand-induced receptor multimerization, poor pharmacokinetic properties, and tumor intrinsic resistance. Here, we address these factors by (i) using a highly potent death receptor agonist (DRA), (ii) developing an injectable depot for sustained DRA delivery, and (iii) leveraging a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen in DRA-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to identify functional drivers of resistance. Pharmacological blockade of XIAP and BCL-XL by targeted small-molecule drugs strongly enhanced the antitumor activity of DRA in CRC cell lines. Recombinant fusion of the DRA to a thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) creates a gel-like depot upon subcutaneous injection that abolishes tumors in DRA-sensitive Colo205 mouse xenografts. Combination of ELPdepot-DRA with BCL-XL and/or XIAP inhibitors led to tumor growth inhibition and extended survival in DRA-resistant patient-derived xenografts. This strategy provides a precision medicine approach to overcome similar challenges with other protein-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana T. Manzari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Grace R. Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kevin H. Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ryan S. Soderquist
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Merve Çakir
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mitchell Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chandler E. Moore
- Department of Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rachel N. Skelton
- Department of Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maréva Fèvre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joseph J. Bellucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Wardell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Simone A. Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kris C. Wood
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Corresponding author. (K.C.W.); (A.C.)
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Corresponding author. (K.C.W.); (A.C.)
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14
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Mahalingam D, Carew JS, Espitia CM, Cool RH, Giles FJ, de Jong S, Nawrocki ST. Heightened JNK Activation and Reduced XIAP Levels Promote TRAIL and Sunitinib-Mediated Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Models. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070895. [PMID: 31248045 PMCID: PMC6678293 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent inducer of apoptosis that may be a promising agent in cancer therapy due to its selectivity toward tumor cells. However, many cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL due to defects in apoptosis signaling or activation of survival pathways. We hypothesized that a disruption of pro-survival signaling cascades with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib would be an effective strategy to enhance TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that sunitinib significantly augments the anticancer activity of TRAIL in models of colon cancer. The therapeutic benefit of the TRAIL/sunitinib combination was associated with increased apoptosis marked by enhanced caspase-3 cleavage and DNA fragmentation. Overexpression of the anti-apoptotic factor B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) in HCT116 cells reduced TRAIL/sunitinib-mediated apoptosis, further supporting that sunitinib enhances the anticancer activity of TRAIL via augmented apoptosis. Analysis of pro-survival factors identified that the combination of TRAIL and sunitinib significantly downregulated the anti-apoptotic protein X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated mechanism. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of JNK confirmed its key role in the regulation of sensitivity to this combination as cells with suppressed JNK expression exhibited significantly reduced TRAIL/sunitinib-mediated apoptosis. Importantly, the therapeutic benefit of the TRAIL/sunitinib combination was validated in the HCT116-Luc and HCT15 colon cancer xenograft models, which both demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity in response to combination treatment. Collectively, our data demonstrate that sunitinib enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by heightened JNK activation, diminished XIAP levels, and augmented apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devalingam Mahalingam
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Carew
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Claudia M Espitia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Robbert H Cool
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Francis J Giles
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Steven de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Steffan T Nawrocki
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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15
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Ismail NI, Othman I, Abas F, H Lajis N, Naidu R. Mechanism of Apoptosis Induced by Curcumin in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2454. [PMID: 31108984 PMCID: PMC6566943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three cancer with higher incident and mortality rate worldwide. It is estimated that about over than 1.1 million of death and 2.2 million new cases by the year 2030. The current treatment modalities with the usage of chemo drugs such as FOLFOX and FOLFIRI, surgery and radiotherapy, which are usually accompanied with major side effects, are rarely cured along with poor survival rate and at higher recurrence outcome. This trigger the needs of exploring new natural compounds with anti-cancer properties which possess fewer side effects. Curcumin, a common spice used in ancient medicine was found to induce apoptosis by targeting various molecules and signaling pathways involved in CRC. Disruption of the homeostatic balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis could be one of the promoting factors in colorectal cancer progression. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of apoptosis regulation by curcumin in CRC with regard to molecular targets and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Isnida Ismail
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- UniKL MESTECH, A1-1 Jalan TKS1, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia.
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 434000 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Nordin H Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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16
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Chen X, Shi H, Bi X, Li Y, Huang Z. Targeting the deubiquitinase STAMBPL1 triggers apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by promoting XIAP degradation. Cancer Lett 2019; 456:49-58. [PMID: 31004702 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The zinc metalloprotease STAM-binding protein-like 1 (STAMBPL1) has been identified as a deubiquitinase by specifically cleaving Lys-63-linked polyubiquitin chains, but its cellular function remains unclear. Here we described the potential role of STAMBPL1 in suppression of the intrinsic apoptosis. We observed substantially high amounts of STAMBPL1 proteins in androgen-independent prostate cancer PC3 and DU145 cell lines. STAMBPL1 RNAi depletion triggered caspase-3/-7-dependent apoptosis in PC3 and DU145 cells. STAMBPL1 knockdown-induced apoptosis was accompanied by accumulation of cellular ROS and a decrease in endogenous caspase inhibitor XIAP protein content. Treatment cells with antioxidant NAC delayed STAMBPL1 silencing-induced apoptosis, whereas ectopic expression of XIAP almost completely abrogated apoptosis. We further elucidated that STAMBPL1 knockdown diverted XIAP protein to lysosomal degradation pathway. Taken together, these studies show that STAMBPL1 depletion induces apoptosis by promoting XIAP lysosomal degradation, and suggest that targeting deubiquitinase STAMBPL1 might offer promising therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center For Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hongzhe Shi
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center For Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xingang Bi
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center For Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yajian Li
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center For Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhenhua Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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17
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Anderson MW, Moss JJ, Szalai R, Lane JD. Mathematical Modeling Highlights the Complex Role of AKT in TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis of Colorectal Carcinoma Cells. iScience 2019; 12:182-193. [PMID: 30690394 PMCID: PMC6354781 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase B/AKT is a highly connected protein involved in a range of signaling pathways. Although it is known to regulate several proteins in the apoptotic pathway, its system-level effects remain poorly understood. We investigated the dynamic interactions between AKT and key apoptotic proteins and constructed a deterministic ordinary differential equation protein interaction model of extrinsic apoptosis. Incorporating AKT and its indirect inhibitor, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), this was used to generate predictions of system dynamics. Using eigen analysis, we identified AKT and cytochrome c as the protein species most sensitive to perturbations. Cell death assays in Type II HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells revealed a tendency toward Type I cell death behavior in the XIAP−/− background, with cells displaying accelerated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Finally, AKT inhibition experiments implicated AKT and not PTEN in influencing apoptotic proteins during early phases of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. TRAIL-induced apoptosis model describes AKT protein interaction dynamics AKT and cytochrome c identified as the proteins most sensitive to perturbations HCT116 cells shift from Type II to Type I cell death behavior in XIAP−/− background AKT and not PTEN influences early phases of TRAIL-induced apoptosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Anderson
- Centre for Biomedical Modelling and Analysis, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Joanna J Moss
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Robert Szalai
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UB, UK
| | - Jon D Lane
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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18
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The role of XIAP in resistance to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in Leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1010-1019. [PMID: 30257312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment for leukemic malignancies remains a challenge despite the wide use of conventional chemotherapies. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are highly demanded. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) represents a targeted therapy against cancer because it induces apoptosis only in tumor cells. TRAIL is currently under investigation for the treatment of leukemia. Preclinical studies evaluated the potential therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL on cell lines and clinical samples and showed promising results. However, like most anti-cancer drugs, resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis may limit its clinical efficacy. It is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms of TRAIL. Therefore, rational therapeutic drug combinations for clinical trials of TRAIL-based therapies might be achieved. In a variety of leukemic cells, overexpression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a negative regulator of apoptosis pathway, has been discovered. Implication of XIAP in the ineffective induction of cell death by TRAIL in leukemia has been explored in several resistant cell lines. XIAP inhibitors restored TRAIL sensitivity in resistant cells and primary leukemic blasts. Moreover, TRAIL resistance in leukemic cells could be overcome by the effects of several anti-leukemic agents via the mechanisms of XIAP downregulation. Here, we discuss targeting XIAP, a strategy to restore TRAIL sensitivity in leukemia to acquire more insights into the mechanisms of TRAIL resistance. The concluding remarks may lead to identify putative ways to resensitize tumors.
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19
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Abstract
Single-chain formats of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (scTRAIL) can serve as effector components of tumour-associated antigen-targeted as well as non-targeted fusion proteins, being characterized by high tumour cell-specific induction of apoptosis through death receptor activation. We studied the suitability of immunoglobulin G as a scaffold for oligovalent and bispecific TRAIL fusion proteins. Thus, we developed novel targeted hexa- and dodecavalent IgG-scTRAIL molecules by fusing scTRAIL to the C-terminus of either light (LC-scTRAIL) or heavy immunoglobulin chain (HC-scTRAIL), or to both ends (LC/HC-scTRAIL) of the anti-EGFR IgG antibody hu225. The binding specificity to EGFR and death receptors was retained in all IgG-scTRAIL formats and translated into high antigen-specific bioactivity on EGFR-positive Colo205, HCT116 and WM1366 tumour cell lines, with or without sensitization to apoptosis by bortezomib. In vivo, therapeutic potential was assessed for one of the targeted variants, HC-scTRAIL, compared to the non-targeted Fc-scTRAIL. Both molecules showed a significant reduction of tumour volume and synergism with a Smac mimetic in a Colo205 xenograft tumour model. The IgG-scTRAIL format allows directing a defined, highly bioactive form of TRAIL to a wide variety of tumour antigens, enabling customized solutions for a patient-specific targeted cancer therapy with a reduced risk of side effects.
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20
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Beyrath J, Chekkat N, Smulski CR, Lombardo CM, Lechner MC, Seguin C, Decossas M, Spanedda MV, Frisch B, Guichard G, Fournel S. Synthetic ligands of death receptor 5 display a cell-selective agonistic effect at different oligomerization levels. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64942-64956. [PMID: 27409341 PMCID: PMC5323128 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
DR4 (Death Receptor 4) and DR5 (Death Receptor 5) are two potential targets for cancer therapy due to their ability to trigger apoptosis of cancer cells, but not normal ones, when activated by their cognate ligand TRAIL (TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand). Therapies based on soluble recombinant TRAIL or agonist antibodies directed against one of the receptors are currently under clinical trials. However, TRAIL-R positive tumor cells are frequently resistant to TRAIL induced apoptosis. The precise mechanisms of this resistance are still not entirely understood. We have previously reported on synthetic peptides that bind to DR5 (TRAILmim/DR5) and induce tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Here, we showed that while hexameric soluble TRAIL is able to efficiently kill the DR5 positive lymphoma Jurkat or the carcinoma HCT116, these cells are resistant to apoptosis induced by the divalent form of TRAILmim/DR5 and are poorly sensitive to apoptosis induced by an anti-DR5 agonist monoclonal antibody. This resistance can be restored by the cross-linking of anti-DR5 agonist antibody but not by the cross-linking of the divalent form of TRAILmim/DR5. Interestingly, the divalent form of TRAILmim/DR5 that induced apoptosis of DR5 positive BJAB cells, acts as an inhibitor of TRAIL-induced apoptosis on Jurkat and HCT116 cells. The rapid internalization of DR5 observed when treated with divalent form of TRAILmim/DR5 could explain the antagonist activity of the ligand on Jurkat and HCT116 cells but also highlights the independence of the mechanisms responsible for internalization and activation when triggering the DR5 apoptotic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Beyrath
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,Current address: Khondrion BV, Nijmegen 6525EX, The Netherlands
| | - Neila Chekkat
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,Current address: Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Illkirch BP 67401, France
| | - Cristian R Smulski
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,Current address: University Medical Center Freiburg, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Freiburg D-79110, Germany
| | - Caterina M Lombardo
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMR 5248, Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets (CBMN), Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac 33607, France.,UMR 5248, CBMN, CNRS, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Lechner
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMR 5248, Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets (CBMN), Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac 33607, France.,UMR 5248, CBMN, CNRS, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Cendrine Seguin
- Current address: Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Illkirch BP 67401, France
| | - Marion Decossas
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,UMR 5248, CBMN, CNRS, Pessac 33600, France.,UMR 5248, CBMN, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Maria Vittoria Spanedda
- Current address: Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Illkirch BP 67401, France
| | - Benoît Frisch
- Current address: Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Illkirch BP 67401, France
| | - Gilles Guichard
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMR 5248, Institut de Chimie & Biologie des Membranes & des Nano-objets (CBMN), Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac 33607, France.,UMR 5248, CBMN, CNRS, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Sylvie Fournel
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 3572, Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg 67084, France.,Current address: Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7199, Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Illkirch BP 67401, France
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Knoll G, Bittner S, Kurz M, Jantsch J, Ehrenschwender M. Hypoxia regulates TRAIL sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells through mitochondrial autophagy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41488-41504. [PMID: 27166192 PMCID: PMC5173074 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) to selectively induce cell death in malignant cells triggered numerous attempts for therapeutic exploitation. In clinical trials, however, TRAIL did not live up to the expectations, as tumors exhibit high rates of TRAIL resistance in vivo. Response to anti-cancer therapy is determined not only by cancer cell intrinsic factors (e.g. oncogenic mutations), but also modulated by extrinsic factors such as the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.Here, we address the effect of hypoxia on pro-apoptotic TRAIL signaling in colorectal cancer cells. We show that oxygen levels modulate susceptibility to TRAIL-induced cell death, which is severely impaired under hypoxia (0.5% O2). Mechanistically, this is attributable to hypoxia-induced mitochondrial autophagy. Loss of mitochondria under hypoxia restricts the availability of mitochondria-derived pro-apoptotic molecules such as second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (SMAC), thereby disrupting amplification of the apoptotic signal emanating from the TRAIL death receptors and efficiently blocking cell death in type-II cells. Moreover, we identify strategies to overcome TRAIL resistance in low oxygen environments. Counteracting hypoxia-induced loss of endogenous SMAC by exogenous substitution of SMAC mimetics fully restores TRAIL sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Alternatively, enforcing a mitochondria-independent type-I mode of cell death by targeting the type-II phenotype gatekeeper X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is equally effective.Together, our results indicate that tumor hypoxia impairs TRAIL efficacy but this limitation can be overcome by combining TRAIL with SMAC mimetics or XIAP-targeting drugs. Our findings may help to exploit the potential of TRAIL in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrud Knoll
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bittner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Kurz
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Ehrenschwender
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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ONC201 activates ER stress to inhibit the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21626-21638. [PMID: 28423492 PMCID: PMC5400611 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ONC201 was previously identified as a first-in-class antitumor agent and small-molecule inducer of the TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) gene that induces apoptosis in cancer cells. ONC201 has a safety profile and is currently in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of various malignancies. In the current study, we examine the effect of ONC201 on triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer that is sensitive to TRAIL. We find that ONC201 inhibits the growth of TNBC cells including TNBC cells that have developed acquired TRAIL resistance. However, TNBC cells that have developed acquired ONC201 resistance are cross-resistant to TRAIL. Mechanistically, ONC201 triggers an integrated stress response (ISR) involving the activation of the transcription factor ATF4. Knockdown of ATF4 impairs ONC201-induced apoptosis of TNBC cells. Importantly, the activation of ATF4 is compromised in ONC201-resistant TNBC cells. Thus, our results indicate that ONC201 induces an ISR to cause TNBC cell death and suggest that TNBC patients may benefit from ONC201-based therapies.
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Gu C, Wang Z, Jin Z, Li G, Kou Y, Jia Z, Yang J, Tian F. MicroRNA-212 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma by targeting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Oncotarget 2017; 8:92119-92133. [PMID: 29190902 PMCID: PMC5696168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been found to be critical regulator of cancer cell biology. MicroRNA-212 (miR-212) was identified to be a critical cancer-associated microRNA playing either oncogenic functions or tumor suppressive roles in different types of human cancers. In this study, we found that the level of miR-212 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues. Decreased level of miR-212 was associated with advanced T stage and TNM stage of RCC. The expression of miR-212 was decreased in RCC cell lines as compared with the HK-2 cell line. Overexpression of miR-212 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of CAKI-2 cells. Knockdown of miR-212 increased cell viability and proliferation, migration and invasion of ACHN cells. In vivo experiments showed that miR-212 inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of ACHN cells in nude mice and thus inhibited the in vivo tumor growth of CAKI-2 cells. Furthermore, we confirmed that X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) was the downstream target of miR-212. The expression level of miR-212 was negatively correlated with XIAP expression in RCC tissues. Moreover, XIAP mediated the tumor suppressive roles of miR-212 in RCC. Finally, we demonstrated that the aberrant expression of miR-212 and XIAP was evidently correlated with poor prognosis of RCC patients. In all, miR-212 can act as a prognostic biomarker for RCC patients and inhibits the growth and metastasis of RCC cells by inhibiting XIAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Gu
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhibo Jin
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Guanru Li
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Kou
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhankui Jia
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology and Henan Institute of Urology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fengyan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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24
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Su D, Zhou Y, Hu S, Guan L, Shi C, Wang Q, Chen Y, Lu C, Li Q, Ma X. Role of GAB1/PI3K/AKT signaling high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:1197-1204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ballweg R, Paek AL, Zhang T. A dynamical framework for complex fractional killing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8002. [PMID: 28808338 PMCID: PMC5556027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
When chemotherapy drugs are applied to tumor cells with the same or similar genotypes, some cells are killed, while others survive. This fractional killing contributes to drug resistance in cancer. Through an incoherent feedforward loop, chemotherapy drugs not only activate p53 to induce cell death, but also promote the expression of apoptosis inhibitors which inhibit cell death. Consequently, cells in which p53 is activated early undergo apoptosis while cells in which p53 is activated late survive. The incoherent feedforward loop and the essential role of p53 activation timing makes fractional killing a complex dynamical challenge, which is hard to understand with intuition alone. To better understand this process, we have constructed a representative model by integrating the control of apoptosis with the relevant signaling pathways. After the model was trained to recapture the observed properties of fractional killing, it was analyzed with nonlinear dynamical tools. The analysis suggested a simple dynamical framework for fractional killing, which predicts that cell fate can be altered in three possible ways: alteration of bifurcation geometry, alteration of cell trajectories, or both. These predicted categories can explain existing strategies known to combat fractional killing and facilitate the design of novel strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ballweg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew L Paek
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Tongli Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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26
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Cai J, Wang D, Bai ZG, Yin J, Zhang J, Zhang ZT. The long noncoding RNA XIAP-AS1 promotes XIAP transcription by XIAP-AS1 interacting with Sp1 in gastric cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182433. [PMID: 28792527 PMCID: PMC5549724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play roles in the tumorigenesis, proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. Previous studies indicate that the transcription factor Sp1 is responsible for transcription of the XIAP gene, but it is unknown whether lncRNAs are involved in XIAP transcription. Herein, we identified a novel lncRNA, denoted as XIAP-AS1, transcribed from the first intron of the complementary strand of the XIAP gene. Using RNA FISH, cell fractionation and qRT-PCR, XIAP-AS1 was determined to be located primarily in the nucleus. After various XIAP-AS1 deletion mutants were expressed, RIP assays showed that only the full-length XIAP-AS1 RNA interacted with Sp1 and thereby participated in XIAP transcription. ChIP assays showed that XIAP-AS1 knockdown decreased the binding of Sp1 to the promoter region of XIAP. XIAP-AS1 knockdown promoted tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in gastric tumor cells, as cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 was detected. Moreover, in an in vivo mouse xenograft model, tumor cell proliferation was inhibited by XIAP-AS1 knockdown in response to TRAIL administration. In conclusion, our results indicate that XIAP-AS1 is involved in XIAP transcription by interacting with Sp1. Additionally, XIAP-AS1 is a potential target for TRAIL-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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27
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Li L, Hou A, Gao X, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang J, Li H, Song Y. Lentivirus-mediated miR-23a overexpression induces trophoblast cell apoptosis through inhibiting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:412-417. [PMID: 28772220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder representing a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in PE. However, the precise role of miRNAs in PE remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of miR-23a and the underlying mechanism in regulating trophoblast cell apoptosis. We found a significant increase of miR-23a expression in placental tissues from PE patients. Lentivirus-mediated miR-23a overexpression significantly induced apoptosis in trophoblast cells in vitro. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) was identified as a target gene of miR-23a by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Overexpression of miR-23a significantly inhibited XIAP expression. Knockdown of XIAP also induced trophoblast cell apoptosis. Moreover, restoration of XIAP expression significantly abolished the miR-23 overexpression-induced trophoblast cell apoptosis. Taken together, our study demonstrates that miR-23a induces trophoblast cell apoptosis by inhibiting XIAP, which may contribute to PE. Our findings provide novel insights into understanding the pathogenesis of PE and suggest a potential therapeutic target in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Aiqin Hou
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
| | - Yanbin Song
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; The College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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28
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Carnosic acid cooperates with tamoxifen to induce apoptosis associated with Caspase-3 activation in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:827-837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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29
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Shi B, Wang LF, Meng WS, Chen L, Meng ZL. Carnosic acid and fisetin combination therapy enhances inhibition of lung cancer through apoptosis induction. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:2123-2135. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Strekalova E, Malin D, Rajanala H, Cryns VL. Metformin sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer to proapoptotic TRAIL receptor agonists by suppressing XIAP expression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 163:435-447. [PMID: 28324269 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite robust antitumor activity in diverse preclinical models, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonists have not demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials, underscoring the need to identify agents that enhance their activity. We postulated that the metabolic stress induced by the diabetes drug metformin would sensitize breast cancer cells to TRAIL receptor agonists. METHODS Human triple (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2)-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines were treated with TRAIL receptor agonists (monoclonal antibodies or TRAIL peptide), metformin, or the combination. The effects on cell survival, caspase activation, and expression of TRAIL receptors and the antiapoptotic protein XIAP were determined. In addition, XIAP was silenced by RNAi in TNBC cells and the effects on sensitivity to TRAIL were determined. The antitumor effects of metformin, TRAIL, or the combination were evaluated in an orthotopic model of metastatic TNBC. RESULTS Metformin sensitized diverse TNBC cells to TRAIL receptor agonists. Metformin selectively enhanced the sensitivity of transformed breast epithelial cells to TRAIL receptor agonist-induced caspase activation and apoptosis with little effect on untransformed breast epithelial cells. These effects of metformin were accompanied by robust reductions in the protein levels of XIAP, a negative regulator of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Silencing XIAP in TNBC cells mimicked the TRAIL-sensitizing effects of metformin. Metformin also enhanced the antitumor effects of TRAIL in a metastatic murine TNBC model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that metformin enhances the activity of TRAIL receptor agonists, thereby supporting the rationale for additional translational studies combining these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Strekalova
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MFCB 4144, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dmitry Malin
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MFCB 4144, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Harisha Rajanala
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MFCB 4144, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Vincent L Cryns
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MFCB 4144, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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Dimberg LY, Towers CG, Behbakht K, Hotz TJ, Kim J, Fosmire S, Porter CC, Tan AC, Thorburn A, Ford HL. A Genome-Wide Loss-of-Function Screen Identifies SLC26A2 as a Novel Mediator of TRAIL Resistance. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:382-394. [PMID: 28108622 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
TRAIL is a potent death-inducing ligand that mediates apoptosis through the extrinsic pathway and serves as an important endogenous tumor suppressor mechanism. Because tumor cells are often killed by TRAIL and normal cells are not, drugs that activate the TRAIL pathway have been thought to have potential clinical value. However, to date, most TRAIL-related clinical trials have largely failed due to the tumor cells having intrinsic or acquired resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Previous studies to identify resistance mechanisms have focused on targeted analysis of the canonical apoptosis pathway and other known regulators of TRAIL receptor signaling. To identify novel mechanisms of TRAIL resistance in an unbiased way, we performed a genome-wide shRNA screen for genes that regulate TRAIL sensitivity in sublines that had been selected for acquired TRAIL resistance. This screen identified previously unknown mediators of TRAIL resistance including angiotensin II receptor 2, Crk-like protein, T-Box Transcription Factor 2, and solute carrier family 26 member 2 (SLC26A2). SLC26A2 downregulates the TRAIL receptors, DR4 and DR5, and this downregulation is associated with resistance to TRAIL. Its expression is high in numerous tumor types compared with normal cells, and in breast cancer, SLC26A2 is associated with a significant decrease in relapse-free survival.Implication: Our results shed light on novel resistance mechanisms that could affect the efficacy of TRAIL agonist therapies and highlight the possibility of using these proteins as biomarkers to identify TRAIL-resistant tumors, or as potential therapeutic targets in combination with TRAIL. Mol Cancer Res; 15(4); 382-94. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Y Dimberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christina G Towers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kian Behbakht
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Taylor J Hotz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Susan Fosmire
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christopher C Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Heide L Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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32
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Du J, Wang Y, Chen D, Ji G, Ma Q, Liao S, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Hou Y. BAY61-3606 potentiates the anti-tumor effects of TRAIL against colon cancer through up-regulating DR4 and down-regulating NF-κB. Cancer Lett 2016; 383:145-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Zheng W, Shang X, Zhang C, Gao X, Robinson B, Liu J. The Effects of Carvedilol on Cardiac Function and the AKT/XIAP Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Rats. Cardiology 2016; 136:204-211. [PMID: 27780169 DOI: 10.1159/000450825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by cardiac dysfunction, myocardial inflammation, interstitial fibrosis and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of carvedilol on cardiac function and the AKT/XIAP signaling pathway in DCM rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group, diabetic mellitus (DM) group and DM with carvedilol treatment group. DM rats were induced by streptozotocin accompanied by high energy intake. Carvedilol was orally administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. After 16 weeks, the interrelated blood data were detected by biochemical analysis. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and the serum NT-proBNP level. The changes of myocardium ultrastructural and fibrosis were determined by electron microscopy and Masson's staining. Apoptotic cells were examined by TUNEL staining and interrelated proteins were measured by immunohistochemical and Western blots. RESULTS Rats in the DM group showed significant serum elevation of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, NT-proBNP, IL-1β and TNF-α, along with decreased cardiac function. Moreover, in the DM group, the levels of myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis were all increased accompanied by upregulation of caspase-3 and downregulation of phos-AKT and phos-XIAP, whereas carvedilol treatment prevented or reversed all the changes without influencing plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride. CONCLUSIONS The AKT/XIAP signaling pathway may be involved in DCM. Carvedilol can improve cardiac function, possibly not only by upregulating the AKT/XIAP antiapoptotic signaling pathway and subsequently attenuating myocardial fibrosis, but also through suppressing the myocardial inflammation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Ouyang W, Zhang S, Yang B, Yang C, Zhang J, Zhou F, Xie C. β-catenin is regulated by USP9x and mediates resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:717-24. [PMID: 26717875 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of decoy receptor expression in TRAIL-resistant breast cancer MCF-7 cells, cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays were applied to examine sensitivity to TRAIL in breast cancer cells. Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation were used to detect the co-localization and interaction of USP9x and β-catenin. Luciferase assay was used to examine activity of the DcR1/DcR2/OPG reporter. Overexpression/silencing of β-catenin was performed to confirm β-catenin mediated transcription of the decoy receptors. Additionally, silencing of USP9x was performed to prove that USP9X stabilizes β-catenin and mediates TRAIL-resistance. It was found that USP9x interacted with β-catenin and inhibited the degradation of β-catenin through the deubiquitination of β-catenin. Luciferase reporter assays showed induction of DcR1/DcR2/OPG reporter activity observed upon co-transfection of β-catenin and Tcf-4. The overexpression/silencing of β-catenin further confirmed the role of β-catenin in the regulation of transcription of the decoy receptors. Silencing of USP9x directly evidenced that USP9x affected the protein expression level of β-catenin, the transcription level of the decoy receptors, and reversed TRAIL-resistance of MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, USP9x interacted with and stabilized β-catenin through deubiquitination to mediate transcription of the decoy receptors in breast cancer cells. Our results offer new insights into the mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL, and USP9x could potentially be a therapeutic target for TRAIL-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ouyang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Chunxu Yang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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KIM JIHUN, KIM YUCHUL, PARK BYOUNGDUCK. Hispolon from Phellinus linteus induces apoptosis and sensitizes human cancer cells to the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand through upregulation of death receptors. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1020-6. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zeissig Y, Petersen BS, Milutinovic S, Bosse E, Mayr G, Peuker K, Hartwig J, Keller A, Kohl M, Laass MW, Billmann-Born S, Brandau H, Feller AC, Röcken C, Schrappe M, Rosenstiel P, Reed JC, Schreiber S, Franke A, Zeissig S. XIAP variants in male Crohn's disease. Gut 2015; 64:66-76. [PMID: 24572142 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The genetic basis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to identify rare genetic variants involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. DESIGN Exome sequencing and immunological profiling were performed in a patient with early onset Crohn's disease (CD). The coding region of the gene encoding X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) was sequenced in samples of 275 paediatric IBD and 1047 adult-onset CD patients. XIAP genotyping was performed in samples of 2680 IBD patients and 2864 healthy controls. Functional effects of the variants identified were investigated in primary cells and cultured cell lines. RESULTS Our results demonstrate the frequent occurrence of private variants in XIAP in about four percent of male patients with paediatric-onset CD. While XIAP mutations are known to be associated with the primary immunodeficiency (PID) X-linked lymphoproliferative disease type 2 (XLP2), CD patients described here exhibited intestinal inflammation in the absence of XLP2 and harboured a spectrum of mutations partially distinct from that observed in XLP2. The majority of XIAP variants identified was associated with a selective defect in NOD1/2 signalling, impaired NOD1/2-mediated activation of NF-κB, and altered NF-κB-dependent cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the unanticipated, frequent occurrence of XIAP variants in male paediatric-onset CD. The link between XIAP and NOD1/2, and the association of XIAP variants with XLP2, support the concept of PID in a subset of IBD patients. Moreover, these studies provide a rationale for the implementation of XIAP sequencing in clinical diagnostics in male patients with severe CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Zeissig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany Department of General Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Britt-Sabina Petersen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Esther Bosse
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mayr
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kenneth Peuker
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jelka Hartwig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martina Kohl
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin W Laass
- Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Billmann-Born
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heide Brandau
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alfred C Feller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Schrappe
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - John C Reed
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zeissig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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KIM SELIM, LIU YUCHUAN, PARK YOUNGRAN, SEO SEUNGYOUNG, KIM SEONGHUN, KIM INHEE, LEE SEUNGOK, LEE SOOTEIK, KIM DAEGHON, KIM SANGWOOK. Parthenolide enhances sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to TRAIL by inducing death receptor 5 and promotes TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Int J Oncol 2014; 46:1121-30. [PMID: 25502339 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Song X, Kim SY, Zhang L, Tang D, Bartlett DL, Kwon YT, Lee YJ. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in cross-talk between apoptosis and autophagy in human colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1504. [PMID: 25356873 PMCID: PMC4649537 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Unresectable colorectal liver metastases remain a major unresolved issue and more effective novel regimens are urgently needed. While screening synergistic drug combinations for colon cancer therapy, we identified a novel multidrug treatment for colon cancer: chemotherapeutic agent melphalan in combination with proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor rapamycin. We investigated the mechanisms of synergistic antitumor efficacy during the multidrug treatment. All experiments were performed with highly metastatic human colon cancer CX-1 and HCT116 cells, and selected critical experiments were repeated with human colon cancer stem Tu-22 cells and mouse embryo fibroblast (MEF) cells. We used immunochemical techniques to investigate a cross-talk between apoptosis and autophagy during the multidrug treatment. We observed that melphalan triggered apoptosis, bortezomib induced apoptosis and autophagy, rapamycin caused autophagy and the combinatorial treatment-induced synergistic apoptosis, which was mediated through an increase in caspase activation. We also observed that mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the combination was linked with altered cellular metabolism, which induced adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, resulting in Beclin-1 phosphorylated at Ser 93/96. Interestingly, Beclin-1 phosphorylated at Ser 93/96 is sufficient to induce Beclin-1 cleavage by caspase-8, which switches off autophagy to achieve the synergistic induction of apoptosis. Similar results were observed with the essential autophagy gene, autophagy-related protein 7, -deficient MEF cells. The multidrug treatment-induced Beclin-1 cleavage was abolished in Beclin-1 double-mutant (D133A/D146A) knock-in HCT116 cells, restoring the autophagy-promoting function of Beclin-1 and suppressing the apoptosis induced by the combination therapy. These observations identify a novel mechanism for AMPK-induced apoptosis through interplay between autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Song
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - S-Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - D Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - D L Bartlett
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Y T Kwon
- Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center and Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- 1] Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Bullenkamp J, Raulf N, Ayaz B, Walczak H, Kulms D, Odell E, Thavaraj S, Tavassoli M. Bortezomib sensitises TRAIL-resistant HPV-positive head and neck cancer cells to TRAIL through a caspase-dependent, E6-independent mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1489. [PMID: 25341043 PMCID: PMC4649534 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is causative for a new and increasing form of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Although localised HPV-positive cancers have a favourable response to radio-chemotherapy (RT/CT), the impact of HPV in advanced or metastatic HNSCC remains to be defined and targeted therapeutics need to be tested for cancers resistant to RT/CT. To this end, we investigated the sensitivity of HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC cell lines to TRAIL (tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), which induces tumour cell-specific apoptosis in various cancer types. A clear correlation was observed between HPV positivity and resistance to TRAIL compared with HPV-negative head and neck cancer cell lines. All TRAIL-resistant HPV-positive cell lines tested were sensitised to TRAIL-induced cell death by treatment with bortezomib, a clinically approved proteasome inhibitor. Bortezomib-mediated sensitisation to TRAIL was associated with enhanced activation of caspase-8, -9 and -3, elevated membrane expression levels of TRAIL-R2, cytochrome c release and G2/M arrest. Knockdown of caspase-8 significantly blocked cell death induced by the combination therapy, whereas the BH3-only protein Bid was not required for induction of apoptosis. XIAP depletion increased the sensitivity of both HPV-positive and -negative cells to TRAIL alone or in combination with bortezomib. In contrast, restoration of p53 following E6 knockdown in HPV-positive cells had no effect on their sensitivity to either single or combination therapy, suggesting a p53-independent pathway for the observed response. In summary, bortezomib-mediated proteasome inhibition sensitises previously resistant HPV-positive HNSCC cells to TRAIL-induced cell death through a mechanism involving both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. The cooperative effect of these two targeted anticancer agents therefore represents a promising treatment strategy for RT/CT-resistant HPV-associated head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bullenkamp
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - N Raulf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - B Ayaz
- Department of Oral Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Dental Institute, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - H Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - D Kulms
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - E Odell
- Department of Oral Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Dental Institute, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - S Thavaraj
- Department of Oral Pathology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Dental Institute, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - M Tavassoli
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, Hodgkin Building, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Medicarpin, a legume phytoalexin sensitizes myeloid leukemia cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the induction of DR5 and activation of the ROS-JNK-CHOP pathway. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1465. [PMID: 25321472 PMCID: PMC4237253 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent with cancer cell-selective cell death inducing effect. However, the major limitation in the usage of TRAIL as a chemotherapeutic agent is the development of TRAIL resistance in many cancer types including myeloid leukemia. In this study, we report for the first time that Medicarpin (Med), a naturally occurring phytoalexin sensitizes myeloid leukemia cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Combination of Med and TRAIL induced significantly higher apoptosis compared with that of the individual treatments of either agent alone through activation of both the extrinsic and the intrinsic cell death pathways characterized by the activation of caspases 8, 9, 3, and 7. Med treatment downregulated antiapoptotic proteins (Survivin, Bcl2, Bcl-xL, XIAP, and c-FLIP), upregulated pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Cytochrome C, Smac/Diablo, Bid, truncated Bid (tBid), p-eIF2α, Bip, and CHOP (CCAAT-enhancer binding protein homologous protein)), induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest, and increased the expression of the functional TRAIL receptor DR5 through activation of the ROS-JNK-CHOP pathway. Gain and loss of function studies clearly indicated that DR5 expression was critical for Med-induced TRAIL sensitization. The Med-induced TRAIL sensitization did not involve the NFkB signaling pathway or redistribution of DR5 in lipid rafts. The concomitant treatment with Med and TRAIL showed robust apoptotic effects in primary myeloid leukemia cells but had no toxic effects in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In conclusion, our results suggest that Med sensitizes myeloid leukemia cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the upregulation of DR5 through activation of the ROS-JNK-CHOP pathway.
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41
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The pleiotropic profile of the indirubin derivative 6BIO overcomes TRAIL resistance in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 91:157-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Prasad S, Kim JH, Gupta SC, Aggarwal BB. Targeting death receptors for TRAIL by agents designed by Mother Nature. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:520-36. [PMID: 25128958 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective killing of cancer cells is one of the major goals of cancer therapy. Although chemotherapeutic agents are being used for cancer treatment, they lack selectivity toward tumor cells. Among the six different death receptors (DRs) identified to date, DR4 and DR5 are selectively expressed on cancer cells. Therefore, unlike chemotherapeutic agents, these receptors can potentially mediate selective killing of tumor cells. In this review we outline various nutraceuticals derived from 'Mother Nature' that can upregulate DRs and thus potentiate apoptosis. These nutraceuticals increase tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis of cancer cells through different mechanisms. First, nutraceuticals have been found to induce DRs through the upregulation of various signaling molecules. Second, nutraceuticals can downregulate tumor cell-survival pathways. Third, nutraceuticals alone have been found to activate cell-death pathways. Although both TRAIL and agonistic antibodies against DR4 and DR5 are in clinical trials, combination with nutraceuticals is likely to boost their anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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The Gβ5 protein regulates sensitivity to TRAIL-induced cell death in colon carcinoma. Oncogene 2014; 34:2753-63. [PMID: 25043307 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant signaling via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is implicated in numerous diseases including colon cancer. The heterotrimeric G proteins transduce signals from GPCRs to various effectors. So far, the G protein subunit Gβ5 has not been studied in the context of cancer. Here we demonstrate that Gβ5 protects colon carcinoma cells from apoptosis induced by the death ligand TRAIL via different routes. The Gβ5 protein (i) causes a decrease in the cell surface expression of the TRAIL-R2 death receptor, (ii) induces the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein XIAP and (iii) activates the NF-κB signaling pathway. The intrinsic resistance to TRAIL-triggered apoptosis of colon cancer cells is overcome by antagonization of Gβ5. Based on these results, targeting of G proteins emerges as a novel therapeutic approach in the experimental treatment of colon cancer.
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44
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Tan X, Chen X, Huang T, Luo W, He D, Lin X, Song L, Wu X. Mechanism of bFGF-binding Peptide Reversing Adriamycin Resistance in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-014-9402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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45
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Aeluri M, Chamakuri S, Dasari B, Guduru SKR, Jimmidi R, Jogula S, Arya P. Small Molecule Modulators of Protein–Protein Interactions: Selected Case Studies. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4640-94. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4004049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Aeluri
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Srinivas Chamakuri
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bhanudas Dasari
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Shiva Krishna Reddy Guduru
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ravikumar Jimmidi
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Srinivas Jogula
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Prabhat Arya
- Dr. Reddy’s Institute
of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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Hiramatsu N, Messah C, Han J, LaVail MM, Kaufman RJ, Lin JH. Translational and posttranslational regulation of XIAP by eIF2α and ATF4 promotes ER stress-induced cell death during the unfolded protein response. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:1411-20. [PMID: 24623724 PMCID: PMC4004591 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-11-0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic ER stress down-regulates XIAP by activating the PERK branch of the UPR. PERK attenuates Xiap translation via eIF2α phosphorylation. PERK promotes XIAP degradation via ATF4. CHOP induction and XIAP suppression act in parallel to sensitize cells to ER stress–induced apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein misfolding activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to help cells cope with ER stress. If ER homeostasis is not restored, UPR promotes cell death. The mechanisms of UPR-mediated cell death are poorly understood. The PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) arm of the UPR is implicated in ER stress–induced cell death, in part through up-regulation of proapoptotic CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). Chop−/− cells are partially resistant to ER stress–induced cell death, and CHOP overexpression alone does not induce cell death. These findings suggest that additional mechanisms regulate cell death downstream of PERK. Here we find dramatic suppression of antiapoptosis XIAP proteins in response to chronic ER stress. We find that PERK down-regulates XIAP synthesis through eIF2α and promotes XIAP degradation through ATF4. Of interest, PERK's down-regulation of XIAP occurs independently of CHOP activity. Loss of XIAP leads to increased cell death, whereas XIAP overexpression significantly enhances resistance to ER stress–induced cell death, even in the absence of CHOP. Our findings define a novel signaling circuit between PERK and XIAP that operates in parallel with PERK to CHOP induction to influence cell survival during ER stress. We propose a “two-hit” model of ER stress–induced cell death involving concomitant CHOP up-regulation and XIAP down-regulation both induced by PERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Hiramatsu
- Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 Center for Neuroscience, Aging, and Stem Cell Research, Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 Departments of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Graf RP, Keller N, Barbero S, Stupack D. Caspase-8 as a regulator of tumor cell motility. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:246-54. [PMID: 24467204 PMCID: PMC4106798 DOI: 10.2174/1566524014666140128111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The caspases are a family of ubiquitously expressed cysteine proteases best known for their roles in programmed cell death. However, caspases play a number of other roles in vertebrates. In the case of caspase-8, loss of expression is an embryonic lethal phenotype, and caspase-8 plays roles in suppressing cellular necrosis, promoting differentiation and immune signaling, regulating autophagy, and promoting cellular migration. Apoptosis and migration require localization of caspase-8 in the periphery of the cells, where caspase-8 acts as part of distinct biosensory complexes that either promote migration in appropriate cellular microenvironments, or cell death in inappropriate settings. In the cellular periphery, caspase-8 interacts with components of the focal adhesion complex in a tyrosine-kinase dependent manner, promoting both cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, caspase-8 interacts with components of both focal adhesions and early endosomes, enhancing focal adhesion turnover and promoting rapid integrin recycling to the cell surface. Clinically, this suggests that the expression of caspase-8 may not always be a positive prognostic sign, and that the role of caspase-8 in cancer progression is likely context-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D Stupack
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, Department of Reproductive Medicine, 0803, 3855 Health Sciences Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Trang KTT, Kim SL, Park SB, Seo SY, Choi CH, Park JK, Moon JC, Lee ST, Kim SW. Parthenolide Sensitizes Human Colorectal Cancer Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand through Mitochondrial and Caspase Dependent Pathway. Intest Res 2014; 12:34-41. [PMID: 25349561 PMCID: PMC4204686 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2014.12.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Combination therapy utilizing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in conjunction with other anticancer agents, is a promising strategy to overcome TRAIL resistance in malignant cells. Recently, parthenolide (PT) has proved to be a promising anticancer agent, and several studies have explored its use in combination therapy. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which PT sensitizes colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. METHODS HT-29 cells (TRAIL-resistant) were treated with PT and/or TRAIL for 24 hours. The inhibitory effect on proliferation was detected using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Annexin V staining, cell cycle analysis, and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to assess apoptotic cell death. Activation of an apoptotic pathway was confirmed by Western blot. RESULTS Treatment with TRAIL alone inhibited the proliferation of HCT 116 cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas proliferation was not affected in HT-29 cells. Combination PT and TRAIL treatment significantly inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells. We observed that the synergistic effect was associated with misregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members, release of cytochrome C to the cytosol, activation of caspases, and increased levels of p53. CONCLUSION Combination therapy using PT and TRAIL might offer an effetive strategy to overcome TRAIL resistance in certain CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieu Thi Thu Trang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. ; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Se-Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. ; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Seung-Young Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jin-Chang Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Soo-Teik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. ; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. ; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
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Zhang R, Wang Y, Li J, Jin H, Song S, Huang C. The Chinese herb isolate yuanhuacine (YHL-14) induces G2/M arrest in human cancer cells by up-regulating p21 protein expression through an p53 protein-independent cascade. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6394-6403. [PMID: 24451377 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.513960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Yuanhuacine (YHL-14), the major component of daphnane diterpene ester isolated from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa, has been reported to have activity against cell proliferation in various cancer cell lines. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism has not been explored yet. Here we demonstrate that YHL-14 inhibits bladder and colon cancer cell growth through up-regulation of p21 expression in an Sp1-dependent manner. We found that YHL-14 treatment resulted in up-regulation of p21 expression and a significant G2/M phase arrest in T24T and HCT116 cells without affecting p53 protein expression and activation. Further studies indicate that p21 induction by YHL-14 occurs at the transcriptional level via up-regulation of Sp1 protein expression. Moreover, our results show that p38 is essential for YHL-14-mediated Sp1 protein stabilization, G2/M growth arrest induction, and anchorage-independent growth inhibition of cancer cells. Taken together, our studies demonstrate a novel mechanism of YHL-14 against cancer cell growth in bladder and colon cancer cell lines, which provides valuable information for the design and synthesis of other new conformation-constrained derivatives on the basis of the structure of YHL-14 for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruowen Zhang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987; Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Honglei Jin
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987
| | - Shaojiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987.
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Tissue microarray analysis of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression in breast cancer patients. Med Oncol 2014; 31:764. [PMID: 24446252 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the diagnostic and prognostic potential of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression in breast cancer. We analyzed a tissue microarray comprised of 100 breast cancer cases and 70 matched normal samples. Analysis of an online database, which included 2,977 patients, was also performed. There was a significant difference in cytoplasmic expression of XIAP (XIAP-C) between breast cancer tissue and matched normal (p<0.001). Staining of XIAP-C was defined as negative (breast cancer 8.42% vs. normal 30.91%), slight (40.0 vs. 45.45%), moderate (43.16 vs. 23.64%), or high (8.42 vs. 0%). High XIAP-C protein expression correlated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) status (p=0.010) and with human p53 mutant-type (P53) status (p=0.039). We found that XIAP expression did not correlate with disease-free survival (p=0.706) and overall survival (p=0.496) of breast cancer patients. An Internet-based system analysis confirmed our results. In the subgroup analysis, basal-like breast cancer patients with high XIAP levels in the tumor had a significantly increased risk of relapse; thus, the up-regulation of XIAP appeared to be predictive of poor relapse-free survival (p=0.013). Kaplan-Meier curves also identified a significant correlation between distant metastasis-free survival and XIAP expression in patients with lymph-node-negative disease (p=0.030). In summary, expression of XIAP-C was significantly higher in breast cancer compared to normal tissue. XIAP-C expression correlated with HER-2 status and may be considered a prognostic biomarker for basal-like breast cancer patients.
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