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Wang J, Dai W, Zhang M. E2F1 induced neuroblastoma cell migration and invasion via activation of CENPE/FOXM1 signaling pathway. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:530-542. [PMID: 36168932 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2126772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common malignancy occurring in infants and young children. Centrosome-associated protein E (CENPE) is a kinetochore-related motor protein highly expressed in NB, with the mechanism largely unknown. This study is committed to investigating the role and mechanism of CENPE in NB.Method: Short hairpin RNAs targeting CENPE and E2F transcription factor 1 (shCENPE and shE2F1) and CENPE overexpression plasmid were transfected into IMR-32 and SK-N-SH cells. The mRNA expressions of CENPE, N-Cadherin, Vimentin, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in NB cells were detected by qRT-PCR. The viability, migration, and invasion of cells were tested through cell function experiments. Western blot was applied to detect the protein levels of N-Cadherin, Vimentin, PCNA, CENPE and Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1). The relationship between CENPE and E2F1 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, while the interaction between FOXM1 and CENPE in NB cells was analyzed by rescue experiments.Results: CENPE expression was upregulated in NB cells from metastatic sites. Silencing of CENPE suppressed the NB cell viability, migration, and invasion; and decreased N-Cadherin, Vimentin and PCNA expressions, while overexpressed CENPE did oppositely. E2F1 positively targeted CENPE and CENPE partly reversed the effects of shE2F1 on repressing NB cell viability, migration, invasion and the activation of CENPE/FOXM1 signaling pathway. In addition, silenced FOXM1 partly offset the effects of CENPE on promoting NB cell migration and invasion.Conclusion: E2F1 induces NB cell migration and invasion via activating CENPE/FOXM1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- SICU, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang Dai
- SICU, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- SICU, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Pussila M, Laiho A, Törönen P, Björkbacka P, Nykänen S, Pylvänäinen K, Holm L, Mecklin JP, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Lehtonen T, Lepistö A, Linden J, Mäki-Nevala S, Peltomäki P, Nyström M. Mitotic abnormalities precede microsatellite instability in lynch syndrome-associated colorectal tumourigenesis. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105111. [PMID: 38583260 PMCID: PMC11002576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lynch syndrome (LS) is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes worldwide. Dominantly inherited mutation in one of four DNA mismatch repair genes combined with somatic events leads to mismatch repair deficiency and microsatellite instability (MSI) in tumours. Due to a high lifetime risk of cancer, regular surveillance plays a key role in cancer prevention; yet the observation of frequent interval cancers points to insufficient cancer prevention by colonoscopy-based methods alone. This study aimed to identify precancerous functional changes in colonic mucosa that could facilitate the monitoring and prevention of cancer development in LS. METHODS The study material comprised colon biopsy specimens (n = 71) collected during colonoscopy examinations from LS carriers (tumour-free, or diagnosed with adenoma, or diagnosed with carcinoma) and a control group, which included sporadic cases without LS or neoplasia. The majority (80%) of LS carriers had an inherited genetic MLH1 mutation. The remaining 20% included MSH2 mutation carriers (13%) and MSH6 mutation carriers (7%). The transcriptomes were first analysed with RNA-sequencing and followed up with Gorilla Ontology analysis and Reactome Knowledgebase and Ingenuity Pathway Analyses to detect functional changes that might be associated with the initiation of the neoplastic process in LS individuals. FINDINGS With pathway and gene ontology analyses combined with measurement of mitotic perimeters from colonic mucosa and tumours, we found an increased tendency to chromosomal instability (CIN), already present in macroscopically normal LS mucosa. Our results suggest that CIN is an earlier aberration than MSI and may be the initial cancer driving aberration, whereas MSI accelerates tumour formation. Furthermore, our results suggest that MLH1 deficiency plays a significant role in the development of CIN. INTERPRETATION The results validate our previous findings from mice and highlight early mitotic abnormalities as an important contributor and precancerous marker of colorectal tumourigenesis in LS. FUNDING This work was supported by grants from the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, the Academy of Finland (330606 and 331284), Cancer Foundation Finland sr, and the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation. Open access is funded by Helsinki University Library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjaana Pussila
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Aleksi Laiho
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biosciences, and Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Törönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biosciences, and Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Björkbacka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, and Finnish Centre for Laboratory Animal Pathology (FCLAP), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonja Nykänen
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Pylvänäinen
- Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Liisa Holm
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biosciences, and Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Department of Science, Jyväskylä, Finland; Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Applied Tumour Genomics, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru Lehtonen
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Lepistö
- Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Applied Tumour Genomics, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jere Linden
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, and Finnish Centre for Laboratory Animal Pathology (FCLAP), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mäki-Nevala
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Peltomäki
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland; HUSLAB Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Nyström
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yang YH, Wei YL, She ZY. Kinesin-7 CENP-E in tumorigenesis: Chromosome instability, spindle assembly checkpoint, and applications. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1366113. [PMID: 38560520 PMCID: PMC10978661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1366113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin motors are a large family of molecular motors that walk along microtubules to fulfill many roles in intracellular transport, microtubule organization, and chromosome alignment. Kinesin-7 CENP-E (Centromere protein E) is a chromosome scaffold-associated protein that is located in the corona layer of centromeres, which participates in kinetochore-microtubule attachment, chromosome alignment, and spindle assembly checkpoint. Over the past 3 decades, CENP-E has attracted great interest as a promising new mitotic target for cancer therapy and drug development. In this review, we describe expression patterns of CENP-E in multiple tumors and highlight the functions of CENP-E in cancer cell proliferation. We summarize recent advances in structural domains, roles, and functions of CENP-E in cell division. Notably, we describe the dual functions of CENP-E in inhibiting and promoting tumorigenesis. We summarize the mechanisms by which CENP-E affects tumorigenesis through chromosome instability and spindle assembly checkpoints. Finally, we overview and summarize the CENP-E-specific inhibitors, mechanisms of drug resistances and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
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Shi Q, Yu B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Xu C, Zhang M, Chen G, Luo F, Sun B, Yang R, Li Y, Feng H. Targeting TRIM24 promotes neuroblastoma differentiation and decreases tumorigenicity via LSD1/CoREST complex. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1763-1775. [PMID: 37466744 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) still has an unfavorable prognosis and inducing NB differentiation is a potential strategy in clinical treatment, yet underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here we identify TRIM24 as an important regulator of NB differentiation. METHODS Multiple datasets and clinical specimens were analyzed to define the role of TRIM24 in NB. The effects of TRIM24 on differentiation and growth of NB were determined by cell morphology, spheres formation, soft agar assay, and subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice. RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR were used to identify genes and pathways involved. Mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation were used to explore the interaction of proteins. RESULTS Trim24 is highly expressed in spontaneous NB in TH-MYCN transgenic mice and clinical NB specimens. It is associated with poor NB differentiation and unfavorable prognostic. Knockout of TRIM24 in neuroblastoma cells promotes cell differentiation, reduces cell stemness, and inhibits colony formation in soft agar and subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Mechanistically, TRIM24 knockout alters genes and pathways related to neural differentiation and development by suppressing LSD1/CoREST complex formation. Besides, TRIM24 knockout activates the retinoic acid pathway. Targeting TRIM24 in combination with retinoic acid (RA) synergistically promotes NB cell differentiation and inhibits cell viability. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that TRIM24 is critical for NB differentiation and suggest that TRIM24 is a promising therapeutic target in combination with RA in NB differentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Shi
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Chenxin Xu
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mingda Zhang
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guoyu Chen
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Haizhong Feng
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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EIF4EBP1 is transcriptionally upregulated by MYCN and associates with poor prognosis in neuroblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:157. [PMID: 35379801 PMCID: PMC8980029 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) accounts for 15% of cancer-related deaths in childhood despite considerable therapeutic improvements. While several risk factors, including MYCN amplification and alterations in RAS and p53 pathway genes, have been defined in NB, the clinical outcome is very variable and difficult to predict. Since genes of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway are upregulated in MYCN-amplified NB, we aimed to define the predictive value of the mTOR substrate-encoding gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1) expression in NB patients. Using publicly available data sets, we found that EIF4EBP1 mRNA expression is positively correlated with MYCN expression and elevated in stage 4 and high-risk NB patients. In addition, high EIF4EBP1 mRNA expression is associated with reduced overall and event-free survival in the entire group of NB patients in three cohorts, as well as in stage 4 and high-risk patients. This was confirmed by monitoring the clinical value of 4EBP1 protein expression, which revealed that high levels of 4EBP1 are significantly associated with prognostically unfavorable NB histology. Finally, functional analyses revealed that EIF4EBP1 expression is transcriptionally controlled by MYCN binding to the EIF4EBP1 promoter in NB cells. Our data highlight that EIF4EBP1 is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN whose high expression is associated with poor prognosis in NB patients. Therefore, EIF4EBP1 may serve to better stratify patients with NB.
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Shi M, Niu J, Niu X, Guo H, Bai Y, Shi J, Li W, Sun K, Chen Y, Shao F. Lin28A/CENPE Promoting the Proliferation and Chemoresistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:763232. [PMID: 34868981 PMCID: PMC8632764 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.763232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of chemoresistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, mainly owing to the sustained proliferation ability of leukemic cells, while the microtubules have a major role in sustaining the continuity of cell cycle. In the present study, we have identified CENPE, a microtubular kinesin-like motor protein that is highly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with chemoresistant AML. In our in vitro studies, knockdown of CENPE expression resulted in the suppression of proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells and reversal of cytarabine (Ara-C) chemoresistance. Furthermore, Lin28A, one of the RNA-binding oncogene proteins that increase cell proliferation and invasion and contribute to unfavorable treatment responses in certain malignancies, was found to be remarkably correlated with CENPE expression in chemoresistance AML. Overexpression of LIN28A promoted the proliferation and Ara-C chemoresistance of leukemic cells. RIP assay, RNA pull-down, and dual luciferase reporter analyses indicated that LIN28A bound specifically to the promoter region GGAGA of CENPE. In addition, the impacts of LIN28A on cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and Ara-C chemoresistance were reverted by the knockdown of CENPE. Hence, Lin28A/CENPE has enhanced the proliferation and chemoresistance of AML, and therefore, it could be a prospective candidate for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Niu
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Niu
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Honggang Guo
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanliang Bai
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiya Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Iegiani G, Gai M, Di Cunto F, Pallavicini G. CENPE Inhibition Leads to Mitotic Catastrophe and DNA Damage in Medulloblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051028. [PMID: 33804489 PMCID: PMC7957796 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most frequent brain tumor in children. The standard treatment consists in surgery, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These therapies are only partially effective, since many patients still die and those who survive suffer from neurological and endocrine disorders. Therefore, more effective therapies are needed. CENPE is a gene critical for normal proliferation and survival of neural progenitors. Since there is evidence that MB cells are very similar to neural progenitors, we hypothesized that CENPE could be an effective target for MB treatment. In MB cell lines, CENPE depletion induced defects in division and resulted in cell death. To consolidate CENPE as a target for MB treatment, we tested GSK923295, a specific inhibitor already in clinical trials for other cancer types. GSK923295 induced effects similar to CENPE depletion at low nM levels, supporting the idea that CENPE’s inhibition could be a viable strategy for MB treatment. Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most frequent brain tumor in children. The standard treatment consists in surgery, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These therapies are only partially effective since many patients still die and those who survive suffer from neurological and endocrine disorders. Therefore, more effective therapies are needed. Primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare disorder caused by mutations in 25 different genes. Centromere-associated protein E (CENPE) heterozygous mutations cause the MCPH13 syndrome. As for other MCPH genes, CENPE is required for normal proliferation and survival of neural progenitors. Since there is evidence that MB shares many molecular features with neural progenitors, we hypothesized that CENPE could be an effective target for MB treatment. In ONS-76 and DAOY cells, CENPE knockdown induced mitotic defects and apoptosis. Moreover, CENPE depletion induced endogenous DNA damage accumulation, activating TP53 or TP73 as well as cell death signaling pathways. To consolidate CENPE as a target for MB treatment, we tested GSK923295, an allosteric inhibitor already in clinical trial for other cancer types. GSK923295, induced effects similar to CENPE depletion with higher penetrance, at low nM levels, suggesting that CENPE’s inhibition could be a therapeutic strategy for MB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Iegiani
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Turin, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Gai
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Ferdinando Di Cunto
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Turin, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.D.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianmarco Pallavicini
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Turin, Italy;
- Department of Neuroscience ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.D.C.); (G.P.)
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Yu KW, She ZY, Wei YL, Zhong N. Kinesin-7 CENP-E regulates cell division, gastrulation and organogenesis in development. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151107. [PMID: 32800279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-7 CENP-E motor protein is essential for chromosome alignment and kinetochore-microtubule attachment in cell division. Human CENP-E has recently identified to be linked with the microcephalic primordial dwarfism syndromes associated with a smaller head, brain malformations and a prominent nose. However, the roles of CENP-E in embryonic development remain largely unknown. In this study, we find that zebrafish CENP-E inhibition results in defects in early zygote cleavage, including asymmetric cell division, cell cycle arrest and the developmental abnormalities. We also demonstrate that CENP-E ablation in cultured cells leads to chromosome misalignment, spindle abnormalities and interruptions of the cell cycle. These observations suggest that CENP-E plays a key role in early cell division and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, we also find that CENP-E inhibition results in the defects in the epiboly, the developmental arrest, the smaller head and the abnormal embryo during zebrafish embryogenesis. Our data demonstrate new functions of CENP-E in development and provide insights into its essential roles in organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Yu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350011, China; Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
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9
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She ZY, Yu KW, Zhong N, Xiao Y, Wei YL, Lin Y, Li YL, Lu MH. Kinesin-7 CENP-E regulates chromosome alignment and genome stability of spermatogenic cells. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:25. [PMID: 32351712 PMCID: PMC7171076 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-7 CENP-E is an essential kinetochore motor required for chromosome alignment and congression. However, the specific functions of CENP-E in the spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis remain unknown. In this study, we find that CENP-E proteins are expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and the elongating spermatids. CENP-E inhibition by specific inhibitor GSK923295 results in the disruption of spermatogenesis and cell cycle arrest of spermatogenic cells. Both spermatogonia and spermatocytes are arrested in metaphase and several chromosomes are not aligned at the equatorial plate. We find that CENP-E inhibition leads to chromosome misalignment, the spindle disorganization, and the formation of the aneuploidy cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of CENP-E results in the defects in the formation of spermatids, including the sperm head condensation and the sperm tail formation. We have revealed that kinesin-7 CENP-E is essential for chromosome alignment and genome stability of the spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Kai-Wei Yu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001 China
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Provincial Children’s Hospital, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001 China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
| | - Ming-Hui Lu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122 China
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A Wnt-BMP4 Signaling Axis Induces MSX and NOTCH Proteins and Promotes Growth Suppression and Differentiation in Neuroblastoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030783. [PMID: 32210188 PMCID: PMC7140810 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways are known to be crucial in the development of neural crest lineages, including the sympathetic nervous system. Surprisingly, their role in paediatric neuroblastoma, the prototypic tumor arising from this lineage, remains relatively uncharacterised. We previously demonstrated that Wnt/b-catenin signaling can have cell-type-specific effects on neuroblastoma phenotypes, including growth inhibition and differentiation, and that BMP4 mRNA and protein were induced by Wnt3a/Rspo2. In this study, we characterised the phenotypic effects of BMP4 on neuroblastoma cells, demonstrating convergent induction of MSX homeobox transcription factors by Wnt and BMP4 signaling and BMP4-induced growth suppression and differentiation. An immunohistochemical analysis of BMP4 expression in primary neuroblastomas confirms a striking absence of BMP4 in poorly differentiated tumors, in contrast to a high expression in ganglion cells. These results are consistent with a tumor suppressive role for BMP4 in neuroblastoma. RNA sequencing following BMP4 treatment revealed induction of Notch signaling, verified by increases of Notch3 and Hes1 proteins. Together, our data demonstrate, for the first time, Wnt-BMP-Notch signaling crosstalk associated with growth suppression of neuroblastoma.
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11
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Mafy NN, Matsuo K, Hiruma S, Uehara R, Tamaoki N. Photoswitchable CENP-E Inhibitor Enabling the Dynamic Control of Chromosome Movement and Mitotic Progression. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1763-1767. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noushaba Nusrat Mafy
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kazuya Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shota Hiruma
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ryota Uehara
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 20, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
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12
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Zhang YB, Jiang Y, Wang J, Ma J, Han S. Evaluation of core serous epithelial ovarian cancer genes as potential prognostic markers and indicators of the underlying molecular mechanisms using an integrated bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5508-5522. [PMID: 31612059 PMCID: PMC6781641 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a major cause of mortality in women. However, the molecular events underlying the pathogenesis of the disease are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify core genes involved in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. A total of three expression datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and included 46 serous epithelial ovarian cancer and 30 ovarian surface epithelium samples. The three datasets were merged, and batch normalization was performed. The normalized merged data were subsequently analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In total, 2,212 DEGs were identified, including 1,300 upregulated and 912 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in ‘regulation of cell cycle’, ‘mitosis’, ‘DNA packaging’ and ‘nucleosome assembly’. The main cellular components included ‘extracellular region part’, ‘chromosome’, ‘extracellular matrix’ and ‘condensed chromosome kinetochore’, whereas the molecular functions included ‘Calcium ion binding’, ‘polysaccharide binding’, ‘enzyme inhibitor activity’, ‘growth factor activity’, ‘cyclin-dependent protein kinase regulator activity’, ‘microtubule motor activity’ and ‘Wnt receptor activity’. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were predominantly involved in ‘Wnt signaling pathway’, ‘pathways in cancer’, ‘PI3K-Akt signaling pathway’, ‘cell cycle’, ‘ECM-receptor interaction’, ‘p53 signaling pathway’ and ‘focal adhesion’. The 20 most significant DEGs were identified from the protein-protein interaction network, and Oncomine analysis of these core genes revealed that 13 were upregulated and two were downregulated in serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Survival analysis revealed that cyclin B1, polo like kinase 1, G protein subunit γ transducin 1 and G protein subunit γ 12 are key molecules that may be involved in the prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer. These core genes may provide novel treatment targets, although their roles in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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13
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Shan L, Zhao M, Lu Y, Ning H, Yang S, Song Y, Chai W, Shi X. CENPE promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and is directly regulated by FOXM1. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:257-266. [PMID: 31115500 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common and most lethal type of cancer. A sustained proliferative capacity is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and microtubules serve an important role in maintaining a sustained cell cycle. Therefore, understanding the regulation of microtubule proteins in the cell cycle is important for tumor prevention and treatment. Centromere protein E (CENPE) is a human kinetochore protein that is highly expressed in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. The present study identified that CENPE is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues. Following knockdown of CENPE expression, the proliferation of lung cancer cells was inhibited. In addition, it was revealed that forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is significantly correlated with CENE expression. Following FOXM1‑knockdown, the expression level of CENPE was decreased and the proliferation of lung cancer cells was inhibited. Overexpression of FOXM1 promoted the expression of CENPE and the proliferation of lung cancer cells. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay identified that FOXM1 binds directly to the promoter region of CENPE. Therefore, the present data demonstrated that CENPE can promote the proliferation of LUAD cells and is directly regulated by FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shan
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Ya Lu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Ning
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Shuman Yang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yonggui Song
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wenshu Chai
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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14
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Yu KW, Zhong N, Xiao Y, She ZY. Mechanisms of kinesin-7 CENP-E in kinetochore-microtubule capture and chromosome alignment during cell division. Biol Cell 2019; 111:143-160. [PMID: 30784092 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome congression is essential for faithful chromosome segregation and genomic stability in cell division. Centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E), a plus-end-directed kinesin motor, is required for congression of pole-proximal chromosomes in metaphase. CENP-E accumulates at the outer plate of kinetochores and mediates the kinetochore-microtubule capture. CENP-E also transports the chromosomes along spindle microtubules towards the equatorial plate. CENP-E interacts with Bub1-related kinase, Aurora B and core kinetochore components during kinetochore-microtubule attachment. In this review, we introduce the structures and mechanochemistry of kinesin-7 CENP-E. We highlight the complicated interactions between CENP-E and partner proteins during chromosome congression. We summarise the detailed roles and mechanisms of CENP-E in mitosis and meiosis, including the kinetochore-microtubule capture, chromosome congression/alignment in metaphase and the regulation of spindle assembly checkpoint. We also shed a light on the roles of CENP-E in tumourigenesis and CENP-E's specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Yu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
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15
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Henriques AC, Ribeiro D, Pedrosa J, Sarmento B, Silva PMA, Bousbaa H. Mitosis inhibitors in anticancer therapy: When blocking the exit becomes a solution. Cancer Lett 2018; 440-441:64-81. [PMID: 30312726 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) remain amongst the most important antimitotic drugs used against a broad range of malignancies. By perturbing spindle assembly, MTAs activate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which induces mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis. However, besides toxic side effects and resistance, mitotic slippage and failure in triggering apoptosis in various cancer cells are limiting factors of MTAs efficacy. Alternative strategies to target mitosis without affecting microtubules have, thus, led to the identification of small molecules, such as those that target spindle Kinesins, Aurora and Polo-like kinases. Unfortunately, these so-called second-generation of antimitotics, encompassing mitotic blockers and mitotic drivers, have failed in clinical trials. Our recent understanding regarding the mechanisms of cell death during a mitotic arrest pointed out apoptosis as the main variable, providing an opportunity to control the cell fates and influence the effectiveness of antimitotics. Here, we provide an overview on the second-generation of antimitotics, and discuss possible strategies that exploit SAC activity, mitotic slippage/exit and apoptosis induction, in order to improve the efficacy of anticancer strategies that target mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Henriques
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; INEB, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Ribeiro
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joel Pedrosa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; INEB, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia M A Silva
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Jiang W, Liu P, Li X. Screening of FOXD3 targets in lung cancer via bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3214-3220. [PMID: 29435060 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explore the targets of forkhead box D3 (FOXD3) in lung cancer, and thus contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of the disease. The gene expression profile of GSE64513 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The dataset contained 3 FOXD3 knockout A549 lung cancer cell samples and 3 normal A549 cell samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the FOXD3-knockout and normal A549 cells were identified using the limma package in R. The alternative splicing genes (ASGs) in FOXD3-knockout samples were identified by Replicate Multivariate Analysis of Transcript Splicing software. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to identify the enriched functions and pathways of DEGs and ASGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on results from the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database and visualized using Cytoscape software. A total of 1,853 DEGs and 2,249 ASGs were identified in FOXD3-knockout A549 cells compared with normal A549 cells. The DEGs were enriched in 338 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 21 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and the ASGs were enriched in 470 GO terms and 22 KEGG pathways. A total of 199 overlaps between the DEGs and the ASGs were identified; a PPI network constructed based on the overlapping genes contained 97 nodes and 115 pairs. FOXD3 may serve an important role in regulating the growth, migration and proliferation of tumor cells in lung cancer. The present study indicates that a number of genes, including AURKA and NOS3, may be targets of FOXD3, mediating its effect in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Sino-US Center of Lymphoma and Leukemia, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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17
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Kollareddy M, Sherrard A, Park JH, Szemes M, Gallacher K, Melegh Z, Oltean S, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Kaidi A, Malik K. The small molecule inhibitor YK-4-279 disrupts mitotic progression of neuroblastoma cells, overcomes drug resistance and synergizes with inhibitors of mitosis. Cancer Lett 2017; 403:74-85. [PMID: 28602975 PMCID: PMC5542135 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous pediatric malignancy that includes a high-risk subset for which new therapeutic agents are urgently required. As well as MYCN amplification, activating point mutations of ALK and NRAS are associated with high-risk and relapsing neuroblastoma. As both ALK and RAS signal through the MEK/ERK pathway, we sought to evaluate two previously reported inhibitors of ETS-related transcription factors, which are transcriptional mediators of the Ras-MEK/ERK pathway in other cancers. Here we show that YK-4-279 suppressed growth and triggered apoptosis in nine neuroblastoma cell lines, while BRD32048, another ETV1 inhibitor, was ineffective. These results suggest that YK-4-279 acts independently of ETS-related transcription factors. Further analysis reveals that YK-4-279 induces mitotic arrest in prometaphase, resulting in subsequent cell death. Mechanistically, we show that YK-4-279 inhibits the formation of kinetochore microtubules, with treated cells showing a broad range of abnormalities including multipolar, fragmented and unseparated spindles, together leading to disrupted progression through mitosis. Notably, YK-4-279 does not affect microtubule acetylation, unlike the conventional mitotic poisons paclitaxel and vincristine. Consistent with this, we demonstrate that YK-4-279 overcomes vincristine-induced resistance in two neuroblastoma cell-line models. Furthermore, combinations of YK-4-279 with vincristine, paclitaxel or the Aurora kinase A inhibitor MLN8237/Alisertib show strong synergy, particularly at low doses. Thus, YK-4-279 could potentially be used as a single-agent or in combination therapies for the treatment of high-risk and relapsing neuroblastoma, as well as other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kollareddy
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alice Sherrard
- Nuclear Dynamics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marianna Szemes
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kelli Gallacher
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zsombor Melegh
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sebastian Oltean
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Abderrahmane Kaidi
- Nuclear Dynamics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karim Malik
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Whittle SB, Smith V, Doherty E, Zhao S, McCarty S, Zage PE. Overview and recent advances in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 17:369-386. [PMID: 28142287 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2017.1285230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with neuroblastoma have widely divergent outcomes, ranging from cure in >90% of patients with low risk disease to <50% for those with high risk disease. Recent research has shed light on the biology of neuroblastoma, allowing for more accurate risk stratification and treatment reduction in many cases, although newer treatment strategies for children with high-risk and relapsed neuroblastoma are needed to improve outcomes. Areas covered: Neuroblastoma epidemiology, diagnosis, risk stratification, and recent advances in treatment of both newly diagnosed and relapsed neuroblastoma. Expert commentary: The identification of newer tumor targets and of novel cell-mediated immunotherapy agents may lead to novel therapeutic approaches, and clinical trials for regimens designed to target individual genetic aberrations in tumors are underway. A combination of therapeutic modalities will likely be required to improve survival and cure rates for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Whittle
- a Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology , Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Valeria Smith
- a Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology , Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Erin Doherty
- a Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology , Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Sibo Zhao
- a Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology , Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Scott McCarty
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology , University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA and Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children's Hospital , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Peter E Zage
- b Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology , University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA and Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children's Hospital , San Diego , CA , USA
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Neuroblastoma cells depend on HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2635. [PMID: 28252645 PMCID: PMC5386552 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The number of long-term survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma remains discouraging, with 10-year survival as low as 20%, despite decades of considerable international efforts to improve outcome. Major obstacles remain and include managing resistance to induction therapy, which causes tumor progression and early death in high-risk patients, and managing chemotherapy-resistant relapses, which can occur years after the initial diagnosis. Identifying and validating novel therapeutic targets is essential to improve treatment. Delineating and deciphering specific functions of single histone deacetylases in neuroblastoma may support development of targeted acetylome-modifying therapeutics for patients with molecularly defined high-risk neuroblastoma profiles. We show here that HDAC11 depletion in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma cell lines strongly induces cell death, mostly mediated by apoptotic programs. Genes necessary for mitotic cell cycle progression and cell division were most prominently enriched in at least two of three time points in whole-genome expression data combined from two cell systems, and all nine genes in these functional categories were strongly repressed, including CENPA, KIF14, KIF23 and RACGAP1. Enforced expression of one selected candidate, RACGAP1, partially rescued the induction of apoptosis caused by HDAC11 depletion. High-level expression of all nine genes in primary neuroblastomas significantly correlated with unfavorable overall and event-free survival in patients, suggesting a role in mediating the more aggressive biological and clinical phenotype of these tumors. Our study identified a group of cell cycle-promoting genes regulated by HDAC11, being both predictors of unfavorable patient outcome and essential for tumor cell viability. The data indicate a significant role of HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells, and suggests that HDAC11 could be a valuable drug target.
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20
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Mechanisms of Chromosome Congression during Mitosis. BIOLOGY 2017; 6:biology6010013. [PMID: 28218637 PMCID: PMC5372006 DOI: 10.3390/biology6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome congression during prometaphase culminates with the establishment of a metaphase plate, a hallmark of mitosis in metazoans. Classical views resulting from more than 100 years of research on this topic have attempted to explain chromosome congression based on the balance between opposing pulling and/or pushing forces that reach an equilibrium near the spindle equator. However, in mammalian cells, chromosome bi-orientation and force balance at kinetochores are not required for chromosome congression, whereas the mechanisms of chromosome congression are not necessarily involved in the maintenance of chromosome alignment after congression. Thus, chromosome congression and maintenance of alignment are determined by different principles. Moreover, it is now clear that not all chromosomes use the same mechanism for congressing to the spindle equator. Those chromosomes that are favorably positioned between both poles when the nuclear envelope breaks down use the so-called "direct congression" pathway in which chromosomes align after bi-orientation and the establishment of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments. This favors the balanced action of kinetochore pulling forces and polar ejection forces along chromosome arms that drive chromosome oscillatory movements during and after congression. The other pathway, which we call "peripheral congression", is independent of end-on kinetochore microtubule-attachments and relies on the dominant and coordinated action of the kinetochore motors Dynein and Centromere Protein E (CENP-E) that mediate the lateral transport of peripheral chromosomes along microtubules, first towards the poles and subsequently towards the equator. How the opposite polarities of kinetochore motors are regulated in space and time to drive congression of peripheral chromosomes only now starts to be understood. This appears to be regulated by position-dependent phosphorylation of both Dynein and CENP-E and by spindle microtubule diversity by means of tubulin post-translational modifications. This so-called "tubulin code" might work as a navigation system that selectively guides kinetochore motors with opposite polarities along specific spindle microtubule populations, ultimately leading to the congression of peripheral chromosomes. We propose an integrated model of chromosome congression in mammalian cells that depends essentially on the following parameters: (1) chromosome position relative to the spindle poles after nuclear envelope breakdown; (2) establishment of stable end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments and bi-orientation; (3) coordination between kinetochore- and arm-associated motors; and (4) spatial signatures associated with post-translational modifications of specific spindle microtubule populations. The physiological consequences of abnormal chromosome congression, as well as the therapeutic potential of inhibiting chromosome congression are also discussed.
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Veschi V, Liu Z, Voss TC, Ozbun L, Gryder B, Yan C, Hu Y, Ma A, Jin J, Mazur SJ, Lam N, Souza BK, Giannini G, Hager GL, Arrowsmith CH, Khan J, Appella E, Thiele CJ. Epigenetic siRNA and Chemical Screens Identify SETD8 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for p53 Activation in High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:50-63. [PMID: 28073004 PMCID: PMC5233415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Given the paucity of druggable mutations in high-risk neuroblastoma (NB), we undertook chromatin-focused small interfering RNA and chemical screens to uncover epigenetic regulators critical for the differentiation block in high-risk NB. High-content Opera imaging identified 53 genes whose loss of expression led to a decrease in NB cell proliferation and 16 also induced differentiation. From these, the secondary chemical screen identified SETD8, the H4K20me1 methyltransferase, as a druggable NB target. Functional studies revealed that SETD8 ablation rescued the pro-apoptotic and cell-cycle arrest functions of p53 by decreasing p53K382me1, leading to activation of the p53 canonical pathway. In pre-clinical xenograft NB models, genetic or pharmacological (UNC0379) SETD8 inhibition conferred a significant survival advantage, providing evidence for SETD8 as a therapeutic target in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Veschi
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC, 1-3940, 10 Center Drive MSC-1105, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC, 1-3940, 10 Center Drive MSC-1105, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ty C Voss
- High-Throughput Imaging Facility, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laurent Ozbun
- High-Throughput Imaging Facility, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Berkley Gryder
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chunhua Yan
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Anqi Ma
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sharlyn J Mazur
- Chemical Immunology Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Norris Lam
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC, 1-3940, 10 Center Drive MSC-1105, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Barbara K Souza
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC, 1-3940, 10 Center Drive MSC-1105, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gordon L Hager
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ettore Appella
- Chemical Immunology Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC, 1-3940, 10 Center Drive MSC-1105, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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22
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Xiao D, Ren P, Su H, Yue M, Xiu R, Hu Y, Liu H, Qing G. Myc promotes glutaminolysis in human neuroblastoma through direct activation of glutaminase 2. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40655-66. [PMID: 26528759 PMCID: PMC4747359 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deamidation of glutamine to glutamate by glutaminase 1 (GLS1, also called GLS) and GLS2 is an essential step in both glutaminolysis and glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. However, mechanisms whereby cancer cells regulate glutamine catabolism remains largely unknown. We report here that N-Myc, an essential Myc family member, promotes conversion of glutamine to glutamate in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells by directly activating GLS2, but not GLS1, transcription. Abrogation of GLS2 function profoundly inhibited glutaminolysis, which resulted in feedback inhibition of aerobic glycolysis likely due to thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) activation, dramatically decreasing cell proliferation and survival in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, elevated GLS2 expression is significantly elevated in MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas in comparison with non-amplified ones, correlating with unfavorable patient survival. In aggregate, these results reveal a novel mechanism deciphering context-dependent regulation of metabolic heterogeneities, uncovering a previously unsuspected link between Myc, GLS2 and tumor metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daibiao Xiao
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Hexiu Su
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ming Yue
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruijuan Xiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hudan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guoliang Qing
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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23
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Ribeiro D, Klarqvist MDR, Westermark UK, Oliynyk G, Dzieran J, Kock A, Savatier Banares C, Hertwig F, Johnsen JI, Fischer M, Kogner P, Lovén J, Arsenian Henriksson M. Regulation of Nuclear Hormone Receptors by MYCN-Driven miRNAs Impacts Neural Differentiation and Survival in Neuroblastoma Patients. Cell Rep 2016; 16:979-993. [PMID: 27396325 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MYCN amplification and MYC signaling are associated with high-risk neuroblastoma with poor prognosis. Treating these tumors remains challenging, although therapeutic approaches stimulating differentiation have generated considerable interest. We have previously shown that the MYCN-regulated miR-17∼92 cluster inhibits neuroblastoma differentiation by repressing estrogen receptor alpha. Here, we demonstrate that this microRNA (miRNA) cluster selectively targets several members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily, and we present a unique NHR signature associated with the survival of neuroblastoma patients. We found that suppressing glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in MYCN-driven patient and mouse tumors was associated with an undifferentiated phenotype and decreased survival. Importantly, MYCN inhibition and subsequent reactivation of GR signaling promotes neural differentiation and reduces tumor burden. Our findings reveal a key role for the miR-17∼92-regulated NHRs in neuroblastoma biology, thereby providing a potential differentiation approach for treating neuroblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Ribeiro
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marcus D R Klarqvist
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrica K Westermark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ganna Oliynyk
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Dzieran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Kock
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina Savatier Banares
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Falk Hertwig
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Lovén
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Arsenian Henriksson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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Evageliou NF, Haber M, Vu A, Laetsch TW, Murray J, Gamble LD, Cheng NC, Liu K, Reese M, Corrigan KA, Ziegler DS, Webber H, Hayes CS, Pawel B, Marshall GM, Zhao H, Gilmour SK, Norris MD, Hogarty MD. Polyamine Antagonist Therapies Inhibit Neuroblastoma Initiation and Progression. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4391-404. [PMID: 27012811 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deregulated MYC drives oncogenesis in many tissues yet direct pharmacologic inhibition has proven difficult. MYC coordinately regulates polyamine homeostasis as these essential cations support MYC functions, and drugs that antagonize polyamine sufficiency have synthetic-lethal interactions with MYC Neuroblastoma is a lethal tumor in which the MYC homologue MYCN, and ODC1, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, are frequently deregulated so we tested optimized polyamine depletion regimens for activity against neuroblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used complementary transgenic and xenograft-bearing neuroblastoma models to assess polyamine antagonists. We investigated difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; an inhibitor of Odc, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis), SAM486 (an inhibitor of Amd1, the second rate-limiting enzyme), and celecoxib (an inducer of Sat1 and polyamine catabolism) in both the preemptive setting and in the treatment of established tumors. In vitro assays were performed to identify mechanisms of activity. RESULTS An optimized polyamine antagonist regimen using DFMO and SAM486 to inhibit both rate-limiting enzymes in polyamine synthesis potently blocked neuroblastoma initiation in transgenic mice, underscoring the requirement for polyamines in MYC-driven oncogenesis. Furthermore, the combination of DFMO with celecoxib was found to be highly active, alone, and combined with numerous chemotherapy regimens, in regressing established tumors in both models, including tumors harboring highest risk genetic lesions such as MYCN amplification, ALK mutation, and TP53 mutation with multidrug resistance. CONCLUSIONS Given the broad preclinical activity demonstrated by polyamine antagonist regimens across diverse in vivo models, clinical investigation of such approaches in neuroblastoma and potentially other MYC-driven tumors is warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 22(17); 4391-404. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F Evageliou
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annette Vu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jayne Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura D Gamble
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Kangning Liu
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Megan Reese
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A Corrigan
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hannah Webber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Candice S Hayes
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce Pawel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan K Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia. Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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25
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Ohashi A, Ohori M, Iwai K, Nambu T, Miyamoto M, Kawamoto T, Okaniwa M. A Novel Time-Dependent CENP-E Inhibitor with Potent Antitumor Activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144675. [PMID: 26649895 PMCID: PMC4674098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E) regulates both chromosome congression and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) during mitosis. The loss of CENP-E function causes chromosome misalignment, leading to SAC activation and apoptosis during prolonged mitotic arrest. Here, we describe the biological and antiproliferative activities of a novel small-molecule inhibitor of CENP-E, Compound-A (Cmpd-A). Cmpd-A inhibits the ATPase activity of the CENP-E motor domain, acting as a time-dependent inhibitor with an ATP-competitive-like behavior. Cmpd-A causes chromosome misalignment on the metaphase plate, leading to prolonged mitotic arrest. Treatment with Cmpd-A induces antiproliferation in multiple cancer cell lines. Furthermore, Cmpd-A exhibits antitumor activity in a nude mouse xenograft model, and this antitumor activity is accompanied by the elevation of phosphohistone H3 levels in tumors. These findings demonstrate the potency of the CENP-E inhibitor Cmpd-A and its potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ohashi
- Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Momoko Ohori
- Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Iwai
- Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Nambu
- Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Maki Miyamoto
- DMPK Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kawamoto
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Okaniwa
- Oncology Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
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26
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Forgham H, Johnson D, Carter N, Veuger S, Carr-Wilkinson J. Stem Cell Markers in Neuroblastoma-An Emerging Role for LGR5. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:77. [PMID: 26697427 PMCID: PMC4667032 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of cancer stem cell markers in various cancer subtypes is a well documented research area. Our findings show that the stem cell marker Lgr5 is associated with an aggressive phenotype in neuroblastoma. Here, we discuss these findings within the context of recent studies in several cancers such as lung, colorectal and intestinal cancer, glioblastoma and ewing's sarcoma. Neuroblastoma continues to be an elusive disease, due to its heterogeneous presentation ranging from spontaneous regression to aggressive metastatic disease and intertwined genetic variability. Currently, the most significant prognostic marker of high risk disease and poor prognosis is amplification of the MYCN oncogene, which is found in approximately 25% of cases (Huang and Weiss, 2013). With this in mind, there is still much to learn about the driving mechanisms of this aggressive pediatric tumor. Neuroblastoma development is thought to be the result of aberrant differentiation of the cell of origin, embryonic neural crest cells which then migrate and invade during the developmental stage (Joshi et al., 2007). Aberrant cells are those which would, under normal conditions form the mature tissues of the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla. Tumors are known to develop indiscriminately along the radius of the sympathetic ganglia, although it is well established that the adrenal glands are fundamentally the most common primary site (Jessen and Mirsky, 2005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Forgham
- Cancer Biology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well Being, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland Sunderland, UK ; Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Darren Johnson
- Cancer Biology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well Being, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland Sunderland, UK
| | - Noel Carter
- Cancer Biology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well Being, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland Sunderland, UK
| | - Stephany Veuger
- Cancer Biology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well Being, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland Sunderland, UK
| | - Jane Carr-Wilkinson
- Cancer Biology Group, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Well Being, Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sunderland Sunderland, UK ; Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Newcastle Cancer Centre at The Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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27
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Scannell CA, Pedersen EA, Mosher JT, Krook MA, Nicholls LA, Wilky BA, Loeb DM, Lawlor ER. LGR5 is Expressed by Ewing Sarcoma and Potentiates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Front Oncol 2013; 3:81. [PMID: 23596566 PMCID: PMC3625903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive bone and soft tissue tumor of putative stem cell origin that predominantly occurs in children and young adults. Although most patients with localized ES can be cured with intensive therapy, the clinical course is variable and up to one third of patients relapse following initial remission. Unfortunately, little is yet known about the biologic features that distinguish low-risk from high-risk disease or the mechanisms of ES disease progression. Recent reports have suggested that putative cancer stem cells exist in ES and may contribute to an aggressive phenotype. The cell surface receptor leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a somatic stem cell marker that functions as an oncogene in several human cancers, most notably colorectal carcinoma. LGR5 is a receptor for the R-spondin (RSPO) family of ligands and RSPO-mediated activation of LGR5 potentiates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, contributing to stem cell proliferation and self-renewal. Given its presumed stem cell origin, we investigated whether LGR5 contributes to ES pathogenesis. We found that LGR5 is expressed by ES and that its expression is relatively increased in cells and tumors that display a more aggressive phenotype. In particular, LGR5 expression was increased in putative cancer stem cells. We also found that neural crest-derived stem cells express LGR5, raising the possibility that expression of LGR5 may be a feature of ES cells of origin. LGR5-high ES cells showed nuclear localization of β-catenin and robust activation of TCF reporter activity when exposed to Wnt ligand and this was potentiated by RSPO. However, modulation of LGR5 or exposure to RSPO had no impact on proliferation confirming that Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ES cells does not recapitulate signaling in epithelial cells. Together these studies show that the RSPO-LGR5-Wnt-β-catenin axis is present and active in ES and may contribute to tumor pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Scannell
- Keck School of Medicine, University Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Rasmuson A, Segerström L, Nethander M, Finnman J, Elfman LHM, Javanmardi N, Nilsson S, Johnsen JI, Martinsson T, Kogner P. Tumor development, growth characteristics and spectrum of genetic aberrations in the TH-MYCN mouse model of neuroblastoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51297. [PMID: 23284678 PMCID: PMC3524187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The TH-MYCN transgenic neuroblastoma model, with targeted MYCN expression to the developing neural crest, has been used to study neuroblastoma development and evaluate novel targeted tumor therapies. Methods We followed tumor development in 395 TH-MYCN (129X1/SvJ) mice (125 negative, 206 hemizygous and 64 homozygous mice) by abdominal palpations up to 40 weeks of age. DNA sequencing of MYCN in the original plasmid construct and mouse genomic DNA was done to verify the accuracy. Copy number analysis with Affymetrix® Mouse Diversity Genotyping Arrays was used to characterize acquired genetic aberrations. Results DNA sequencing confirmed presence of human MYCN cDNA in genomic TH-MYCN DNA corresponding to the original plasmid construct. Tumor incidence and growth correlated significantly to transgene status with event-free survival for hemizygous mice at 50%, and 0% for homozygous mice. Hemizygous mice developed tumors at 5.6–19 weeks (median 9.1) and homozygous mice at 4.0–6.9 weeks (5.4). The mean treatment window, time from palpable tumor to sacrifice, for hemizygous and homozygous mice was 15 and 5.2 days, respectively. Hemizygous mice developing tumors as early as homozygous mice had a longer treatment window. Age at tumor development did not influence treatment window for hemizygous mice, whereas treatment window in homozygous mice decreased significantly with increasing age. Seven out of 10 analysed tumors had a flat DNA profile with neither segmental nor numerical chromosomal aberrations. Only three tumors from hemizygous mice showed acquired genetic features with one or more numerical aberrations. Of these, one event corresponded to gain on the mouse equivalent of human chromosome 17. Conclusion Hemizygous and homozygous TH-MYCN mice have significantly different neuroblastoma incidence, tumor growth characteristics and treatment windows but overlap in age at tumor development making correct early genotyping essential to evaluate therapeutic interventions. Contrasting previous studies, our data show that TH-MYCN tumors have few genetic aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Rasmuson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (AR); (PK)
| | - Lova Segerström
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Nethander
- Genomics Core Facility, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jennie Finnman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lotta H. M. Elfman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niloufar Javanmardi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Staffan Nilsson
- Department of Mathematical Statistics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (AR); (PK)
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29
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Decock A, Ongenaert M, Hoebeeck J, De Preter K, Van Peer G, Van Criekinge W, Ladenstein R, Schulte JH, Noguera R, Stallings RL, Van Damme A, Laureys G, Vermeulen J, Van Maerken T, Speleman F, Vandesompele J. Genome-wide promoter methylation analysis in neuroblastoma identifies prognostic methylation biomarkers. Genome Biol 2012; 13:R95. [PMID: 23034519 PMCID: PMC3491423 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2012-13-10-r95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate outcome prediction in neuroblastoma, which is necessary to enable the optimal choice of risk-related therapy, remains a challenge. To improve neuroblastoma patient stratification, this study aimed to identify prognostic tumor DNA methylation biomarkers. Results To identify genes silenced by promoter methylation, we first applied two independent genome-wide methylation screening methodologies to eight neuroblastoma cell lines. Specifically, we used re-expression profiling upon 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) treatment and massively parallel sequencing after capturing with a methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD-seq). Putative methylation markers were selected from DAC-upregulated genes through a literature search and an upfront methylation-specific PCR on 20 primary neuroblastoma tumors, as well as through MBD- seq in combination with publicly available neuroblastoma tumor gene expression data. This yielded 43 candidate biomarkers that were subsequently tested by high-throughput methylation-specific PCR on an independent cohort of 89 primary neuroblastoma tumors that had been selected for risk classification and survival. Based on this analysis, methylation of KRT19, FAS, PRPH, CNR1, QPCT, HIST1H3C, ACSS3 and GRB10 was found to be associated with at least one of the classical risk factors, namely age, stage or MYCN status. Importantly, HIST1H3C and GNAS methylation was associated with overall and/or event-free survival. Conclusions This study combines two genome-wide methylation discovery methodologies and is the most extensive validation study in neuroblastoma performed thus far. We identified several novel prognostic DNA methylation markers and provide a basis for the development of a DNA methylation-based prognostic classifier in neuroblastoma.
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Mayes PA, Degenhardt YY, Wood A, Toporovskya Y, Diskin SJ, Haglund E, Moy C, Wooster R, Maris JM. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK/ERK) inhibition sensitizes cancer cells to centromere-associated protein E inhibition. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:E149-57. [PMID: 22948716 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of centromere-associated protein-E (CENP-E) has demonstrated preclinical anti-tumor activity in a number of tumor types including neuroblastoma. A potent small molecule inhibitor of the kinesin motor activity of CENP-E has recently been developed (GSK923295). To identify an effective drug combination strategy for GSK923295 in neuroblastoma, we performed a screen of siRNAs targeting a prioritized set of genes that function in therapeutically tractable signaling pathways. We found that siRNAs targeted to extracellular signal-related kinase 1 (ERK1) significantly sensitized neuroblastoma cells to GSK923295-induced growth inhibition (p = 0.01). Inhibition of ERK1 activity using pharmacologic inhibitors of mitogen-activated ERK kinase (MEK1/2) showed significant synergistic growth inhibitory activity when combined with GSK923295 in neuroblastoma, lung, pancreatic and colon carcinoma cell lines. Synergistic growth inhibitory activity of combined MEK/ERK and CENP-E inhibition was a result of increased mitotic arrest and apoptosis. There was a significant correlation between ERK1/2 phosphorylation status in neuroblastoma cell lines and GSK923295 growth inhibitory activity (r = 0.823, p = 0.0006). Consistent with this result we found that lung cancer cell lines harboring RAS mutations, which leads to oncogenic activation of MEK/ERK signaling, were significantly more resistant than cell lines with wild-type RAS to GSK923295-induced growth inhibition (p = 0.047). Here we have identified (MEK/ERK) activity as a potential biomarker of relative GSK923295 sensitivity and have shown the synergistic effect of combinatorial MEK/ERK pathway and CENP-E inhibition across different cancer cell types including neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Mayes
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
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Patent Highlights. Pharm Pat Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa.12.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of recent key developments in the patent literature of relevance to the advancement of pharmaceutical and medical R&D
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Fujimura A, Kishimoto H, Yanagisawa J, Kimura K. Enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH) plays an essential role in the progression of mitosis by promoting mitotic chromosome alignment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 423:588-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zage PE, Louis CU, Cohn SL. New aspects of neuroblastoma treatment: ASPHO 2011 symposium review. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58:1099-105. [PMID: 22378620 PMCID: PMC4104176 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, and the outcomes for children with high-risk and relapsed disease remain poor. However, new international strategies for risk stratification and for treatment based on novel tumor targets and including immunotherapy are being employed in attempts to improve the outcomes of children with neuroblastoma. A new international neuroblastoma risk classification system has been developed which is being incorporated into cooperative group clinical trials in North America, Japan, and Europe, resulting in standardized approaches for the initial evaluation and treatment stratification of neuroblastoma patients. Furthermore, novel treatment regimens are being developed based on improved understanding of neuroblastoma biology and on the recruitment of the immune system to specifically target neuroblastoma tumors. These approaches will lead to new therapeutic strategies that likely will improve the outcomes for children with neuroblastoma worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Zage
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Correspondence to: Peter E. Zage, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates, Suite 1220, Houston, TX 77030.
| | - Chrystal U. Louis
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan L. Cohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital and University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Verissimo CS, Molenaar JJ, Fitzsimons CP, Vreugdenhil E. Neuroblastoma therapy: what is in the pipeline? Endocr Relat Cancer 2011; 18:R213-31. [PMID: 21971288 DOI: 10.1530/erc-11-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the expansion of knowledge about neuroblastoma (NB) in recent years, the therapeutic outcome for children with a high-risk NB has not significantly improved. Therefore, more effective therapies are needed. This might be achieved by aiming future efforts at recently proposed but not yet developed targets for NB therapy. In this review, we discuss the recently proposed molecular targets that are in clinical trials and, in particular, those that are not yet explored in the clinic. We focus on the selection of these molecular targets for which promising in vitro and in vivo results have been obtained by silencing/inhibiting them. In addition, these selected targets are involved at least in one of the NB tumorigenic processes: proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and/or metastasis. In particular, we will review a recently proposed target, the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) encoded by doublecortin-like kinase gene (DCLK1). DCLK1-derived MAPs are crucial for proliferation and survival of neuroblasts and are highly expressed not only in NB but also in other tumours such as gliomas. Additionally, we will discuss neuropeptide Y, its Y2 receptor and cathepsin L as examples of targets to decrease angiogenesis and metastasis of NB. Furthermore, we will review the micro-RNAs that have been proposed as therapeutic targets for NB. Detailed investigation of these not yet developed targets as well as exploration of multi-target approaches might be the key to a more effective NB therapy, i.e. increasing specificity, reducing toxicity and avoiding long-term side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S Verissimo
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Gorlaeus Laboratories, The Netherlands
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Bunt J, Hasselt NE, Zwijnenburg DA, Hamdi M, Koster J, Versteeg R, Kool M. OTX2 directly activates cell cycle genes and inhibits differentiation in medulloblastoma cells. Int J Cancer 2011; 131:E21-32. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Chesler L, Weiss WA. Genetically engineered murine models--contribution to our understanding of the genetics, molecular pathology and therapeutic targeting of neuroblastoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2011; 21:245-55. [PMID: 21958944 PMCID: PMC3504935 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) have made major contributions to a molecular understanding of several adult cancers and these results are increasingly being translated into the pre-clinical setting where GEMM will very likely make a major impact on the development of targeted therapeutics in the near future. The relationship of pediatric cancers to altered developmental programs, and their genetic simplicity relative to adult cancers provides unique opportunities for the application of new advances in GEMM technology. In neuroblastoma the well-characterized TH-MYCN GEMM is increasingly used for a variety of molecular-genetic, developmental and pre-clinical therapeutics applications. We discuss: the present and historical application of GEMM to neuroblastoma research, future opportunities, and relevant targets suitable for new GEMM strategies in neuroblastoma. We review the potential of these models to contribute both to an understanding of the developmental nature of neuroblastoma and to improved therapy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Chesler
- Division of Clinical Studies and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research & The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, United Kingdom.
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Neuroblastoma genetics and phenotype: a tale of heterogeneity. Semin Cancer Biol 2011; 21:238-44. [PMID: 21839839 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease driven by multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. Understanding the (epi-)genetic changes and consequent deregulation of regulatory networks controlling the various normal critical cellular phenotypes that are perturbed in cancer cells can provide clues to new therapeutic opportunities. Moreover, such insights into the molecular pathology of a given cancer type can offer clinical relevant genetic markers or molecular signatures for assessment of prognosis and response to therapy, and prediction of risk for relapse. Therefore, as for many other tumour entities, neuroblastoma (NB) has been the subject of intensive ongoing genomic research. Here we will summarize the current state-of-the-art of these studies with focus on genome wide DNA copy number and gene expression analyses in relation to the relevance for present and future clinical management of NB patients.
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Foster FS, Hossack J, Adamson SL. Micro-ultrasound for preclinical imaging. Interface Focus 2011; 1:576-601. [PMID: 22866232 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2011.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, non-invasive preclinical imaging has emerged as an important tool to facilitate biomedical discovery. Not only have the markets for these tools accelerated, but the numbers of peer-reviewed papers in which imaging end points and biomarkers have been used have grown dramatically. High frequency 'micro-ultrasound' has steadily evolved in the post-genomic era as a rapid, comparatively inexpensive imaging tool for studying normal development and models of human disease in small animals. One of the fundamental barriers to this development was the technological hurdle associated with high-frequency array transducers. Recently, new approaches have enabled the upper limits of linear and phased arrays to be pushed from about 20 to over 50 MHz enabling a broad range of new applications. The innovations leading to the new transducer technology and scanner architecture are reviewed. Applications of preclinical micro-ultrasound are explored for developmental biology, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. With respect to the future, the latest developments in high-frequency ultrasound imaging are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Stuart Foster
- Sunnybrook and Health Sciences Centre , University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
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