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Benzekry S, Mastri M, Nicolò C, Ebos JML. Machine-learning and mechanistic modeling of metastatic breast cancer after neoadjuvant treatment. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012088. [PMID: 38701089 PMCID: PMC11095706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials involving systemic neoadjuvant treatments in breast cancer aim to shrink tumors before surgery while simultaneously allowing for controlled evaluation of biomarkers, toxicity, and suppression of distant (occult) metastatic disease. Yet neoadjuvant clinical trials are rarely preceded by preclinical testing involving neoadjuvant treatment, surgery, and post-surgery monitoring of the disease. Here we used a mouse model of spontaneous metastasis occurring after surgical removal of orthotopically implanted primary tumors to develop a predictive mathematical model of neoadjuvant treatment response to sunitinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (RTKI). Treatment outcomes were used to validate a novel mathematical kinetics-pharmacodynamics model predictive of perioperative disease progression. Longitudinal measurements of presurgical primary tumor size and postsurgical metastatic burden were compiled using 128 mice receiving variable neoadjuvant treatment doses and schedules (released publicly at https://zenodo.org/records/10607753). A non-linear mixed-effects modeling approach quantified inter-animal variabilities in metastatic dynamics and survival, and machine-learning algorithms were applied to investigate the significance of several biomarkers at resection as predictors of individual kinetics. Biomarkers included circulating tumor- and immune-based cells (circulating tumor cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells) as well as immunohistochemical tumor proteins (CD31 and Ki67). Our computational simulations show that neoadjuvant RTKI treatment inhibits primary tumor growth but has little efficacy in preventing (micro)-metastatic disease progression after surgery and treatment cessation. Machine learning algorithms that included support vector machines, random forests, and artificial neural networks, confirmed a lack of definitive biomarkers, which shows the value of preclinical modeling studies to identify potential failures that should be avoided clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Benzekry
- Computational Pharmacology and Clinical Oncology (COMPO), Inria Sophia Antipolis–Méditerranée, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix Marseille University UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Michalis Mastri
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Chiara Nicolò
- InSilicoTrials Technologies S.P.A, Riva Grumula, Trieste, Italy
| | - John M. L. Ebos
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
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2
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Uehara M, Domoto T, Takenaka S, Takeuchi O, Shimasaki T, Miyashita T, Minamoto T. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β: the nexus of chemoresistance, invasive capacity, and cancer stemness in pancreatic cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:4. [PMID: 38318525 PMCID: PMC10838383 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to the limited number of patients eligible for curative (R0) surgery, failures in the clinical development of targeted and immune therapies, and the pervasive acquisition of chemotherapeutic resistance. Refractory pancreatic cancer is typified by high invasiveness and resistance to therapy, with both attributes related to tumor cell stemness. These malignant characteristics mutually enhance each other, leading to rapid cancer progression. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have produced evidence of the pivotal role of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β in the progression of over 25 different cancer types, including pancreatic cancer. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge on the pathological roles of aberrant GSK3β in supporting tumor cell proliferation and invasion, as well as its contribution to gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Importantly, we discuss the central role of GSK3β as a molecular hub that mechanistically connects chemoresistance, tumor cell invasion, and stemness in pancreatic cancer. We also discuss the involvement of GSK3β in the formation of desmoplastic tumor stroma and in promoting anti-cancer immune evasion, both of which constitute major obstacles to successful cancer treatment. Overall, GSK3β has characteristics of a promising therapeutic target to overcome chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Uehara
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Takahiro Domoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Satoshi Takenaka
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Toyama City Hospital, Toyama 939-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Biomedical Laboratory, Department of Research, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Takeo Shimasaki
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Toyama City Hospital, Toyama 939-8511, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0934, Japan
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3
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Zhang Z, Bao C, Jiang L, Wang S, Wang K, Lu C, Fang H. When cancer drug resistance meets metabolomics (bulk, single-cell and/or spatial): Progress, potential, and perspective. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1054233. [PMID: 36686803 PMCID: PMC9854130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1054233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to drug treatment is a critical barrier in cancer therapy. There is an unmet need to explore cancer hallmarks that can be targeted to overcome this resistance for therapeutic gain. Over time, metabolic reprogramming has been recognised as one hallmark that can be used to prevent therapeutic resistance. With the advent of metabolomics, targeting metabolic alterations in cancer cells and host patients represents an emerging therapeutic strategy for overcoming cancer drug resistance. Driven by technological and methodological advances in mass spectrometry imaging, spatial metabolomics involves the profiling of all the metabolites (metabolomics) so that the spatial information is captured bona fide within the sample. Spatial metabolomics offers an opportunity to demonstrate the drug-resistant tumor profile with metabolic heterogeneity, and also poses a data-mining challenge to reveal meaningful insights from high-dimensional spatial information. In this review, we discuss the latest progress, with the focus on currently available bulk, single-cell and spatial metabolomics technologies and their successful applications in pre-clinical and translational studies on cancer drug resistance. We provide a summary of metabolic mechanisms underlying cancer drug resistance from different aspects; these include the Warburg effect, altered amino acid/lipid/drug metabolism, generation of drug-resistant cancer stem cells, and immunosuppressive metabolism. Furthermore, we propose solutions describing how to overcome cancer drug resistance; these include early detection during cancer initiation, monitoring of clinical drug response, novel anticancer drug and target metabolism, immunotherapy, and the emergence of spatial metabolomics. We conclude by describing the perspectives on how spatial omics approaches (integrating spatial metabolomics) could be further developed to improve the management of drug resistance in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaohui Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kankan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Lu
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hai Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Hai Fang,
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4
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Tumor immunology. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818006-8.00003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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5
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Donlon NE, Davern M, Hayes C, Power R, Sheppard AD, Donohoe CL, Lysaght J, Reynolds JV. The immune response to major gastrointestinal cancer surgery and potential implications for adjuvant immunotherapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 175:103729. [PMID: 35662586 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The perioperative period theoretically is a critical time of opportunity for the progression of pre-existing tumour micrometastasis. Therefore,the timing of introducing cancer therapies including chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapies in the postoperative period is important. A thorough exploration of the perioperative immune events at a cellular level in combination with an intricate review of available clinical rials was conducted to extrapolate the effects of oncological surgery on the perioperative immune milieu.This is timely in view of the recently published Checkmate-577 trial which demonstrated significant disease-free survival in carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction with the use of adjuvant anti-programmed cell deathprotein 1(PD-1) immunotherapy.This review focusing in particular on perioperative immunosuppression, identifies potential modifiable factors, the effects of perioperative conditioning and optimisation, the most recent trials in the curative setting for Gastrointestinal malignancies and the new treatment avenues possible in the context of the combination of immunotherapy and major oncological gastrointestinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Conall Hayes
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Robert Power
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Andrew D Sheppard
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Claire L Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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6
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Basu A, Budhraja A, Juwayria, Abhilash D, Gupta I. Novel omics technology driving translational research in precision oncology. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2021; 108:81-145. [PMID: 34844717 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the current challenges faced by cancer researchers and motivate the use of novel genomics solutions. We follow this up with a comprehensive overview of three recent genomics technologies: liquid biopsy, single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. We discuss a few representative protocols/assays for each technology along with their strengths, weaknesses, optimal use-cases, and their current stage of clinical deployment by summarizing trial data. We focus on how these technologies help us develop a better understanding of cancer as a rapidly evolving heterogeneous genetic disease that modulates its immediate microenvironment leading to systemic macro-level changes in the patient body. We summarize the review with a flowchart that integrates these three technologies in the existing workflows of clinicians and researchers toward robust detection, accurate diagnosis, and precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Basu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Anshul Budhraja
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Juwayria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Dasari Abhilash
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Ishaan Gupta
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
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7
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Liu Y, Yu F, Dai S, Meng T, Zhu Y, Qiu G, Wen L, Zhou X, Yuan H, Hu F. All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Doxorubicin Delivery by Folic Acid Modified Polymeric Micelles for the Modulation of Pin1-Mediated DOX-Induced Breast Cancer Stemness and Metastasis. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3966-3978. [PMID: 34579532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stemness and metastasis are the two main challenges in cancer therapy and are related to disease relapse post-treatment. They both have a strong correlation with chemoresistance and poor prognosis, ultimately leading to treatment failure. It has been reported that chemotherapy can induce stemness and metastasis in many cancer types, especially treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) in breast cancer. A combination treatment is an efficient and elegant approach in cancer therapy through simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs with a delivery system for its synergistic effect, which is not an additive of two individual drugs. Herein, we report a combinatorial system with DOX and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to address both of the above issues. As a common critical regulatory factor for oncogenic signal transduction pathways, Pin1 is a specific isomerase highly expressed within various tumor cells. ATRA, a newly identified Pin1 inhibitor, can abolish several oncogenic pathways by effectively inhibiting and degrading overexpressed Pin1. We successfully developed a folic acid (FA)-modified chitosan (CSO)-derived polymer (FA-CSOSA) and obtained FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA drug-loaded micelles. FA modification can improve the uptake of the nanoparticles in tumor cells and tumor sites via folate receptor-mediated cell internalization. Compared to treatment with DOX alone, the combined treatment induced 4T1 cell apoptosis in a synergistic manner. Reduced stemness-related protein expression and inhibited metastasis were observed during treatment with FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA and were found to be associated with Pin1. Further in vivo experiments showed that treatment with FA-CSOSA/DOX and FA-CSOSA/ATRA resulted in 85.5% tumor inhibition, which was 2.5-fold greater than that of cells treated with DOX·HCl alone. This work presents a new paradigm for addressing chemotherapy-induced side effects via degradation of Pin1 induced by tumor-targeted delivery of DOX and ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangying Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhuan Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxi Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 342700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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8
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Mustapha R, Ng K, Monypenny J, Ng T. Insights Into Unveiling a Potential Role of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Metastasis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:661516. [PMID: 34568423 PMCID: PMC8455920 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.661516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) develop in non-lymphatic tissue in chronic inflammation and cancer. TLS can mature to lymph node (LN) like structures with germinal centers and associated vasculature. TLS neogenesis in cancer is highly varied and tissue dependent. The role of TLS in adaptive antitumor immunity is of great interest. However, data also show that TLS can play a role in cancer metastasis. The importance of lymphatics in cancer distant metastasis is clear yet the precise detail of how various immunosurveillance mechanisms interplay within TLS and/or draining LN is still under investigation. As part of the tumor lymphatics, TLS vasculature can provide alternative routes for the establishment of the pre-metastatic niche and cancer dissemination. The nature of the cytokine and chemokine signature at the heart of TLS induction can be key in determining the success of antitumor immunity or in promoting cancer invasiveness. Understanding the biochemical and biomechanical factors underlying TLS formation and the resulting impact on the primary tumor will be key in deciphering cancer metastasis and in the development of the next generation of cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Mustapha
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Medical School Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK King’s Health Partners Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenrick Ng
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Monypenny
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Medical School Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Medical School Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK King’s Health Partners Centre, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Li X, Guo M, Hou B, Zheng B, Wang Z, Huang M, Xu Y, Chang J, Wang T. CRISPR/Cas9 nanoeditor of double knockout large fragments of E6 and E7 oncogenes for reversing drugs resistance in cervical cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:231. [PMID: 34353334 PMCID: PMC8340365 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance of tumor cells is always a headache problem in clinical treatment. In order to combat chemotherapy-resistance in cervical cancer and improve treatment effect, we design a CRISPR/Cas9 nanoeditor to knock out two key oncogenes E6 and E7 that lead to drug tolerance. Meanwhile, the deletion of these two oncogenes can effectively reactivate p53 and pRB signaling pathways that inhibit the growth of tumor cells. Our results demonstrated the nanoeditor could simultaneously delete two oncogenes, and the size of DNA fragments knocked out reaches an unprecedented 563 bp. After the preparation of cationic liposomes combined with chemotherapy drug docetaxel (DOC), this nanosystem can significantly inhibit the drug tolerance of cancer cells and improve the therapeutic effect of cervical cancer. Therefore, this study provides a promising strategy for the treatment of cervical cancer by combining chemotherapy and double-target gene therapy. This strategy can also be applied in other disease models to customize personalized anti-tumor strategies by simply changing chemotherapy drugs and targeted genes. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhuang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhiyun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengqian Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, 300072, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Ding ZC, Aboelella NS, Bryan L, Shi H, Zhou G. The Monocytes That Repopulate in Mice After Cyclophosphamide Treatment Acquire a Neutrophil Precursor Gene Signature and Immunosuppressive Activity. Front Immunol 2021; 11:594540. [PMID: 33569051 PMCID: PMC7868404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.594540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a major component of the chemotherapy conditioning regimens used in the clinic to prepare cancer patients for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or adoptive T cell therapy. Previous studies have shown that CTX given at nonmyeloablative doses in mice and patients leads to expansion of myeloid cells within which the monocytic subset exhibits immunosuppressive activity. However, the ontogeny and gene expression signature of these CTX-induced monocytes are not well-defined. Here, we report that the expansion of myeloid cells is a default process intrinsic to hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapy. During this process, the monocytes repopulated in mice acquire immunosuppressive activity, which can persist long after cessation of chemotherapy. Moreover, monocytes acquire a gene signature characteristic of neutrophil precursors, marked by increased proliferative capability and elevated expressions of multiple primary and secondary granules. We provide evidence that CTX-induced myeloid cell expansion is regulated by DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) and dependent on chemotherapy-induced microbial translocation. These findings help advance our understanding of the differentiation, heterogeneity, and function of myeloid cells repopulating after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chun Ding
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Nada S Aboelella
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Locke Bryan
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Gang Zhou
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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11
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Liu X, Zhou XQ, Shang XW, Wang L, Li Y, Yuan H, Hu FQ. Inhibition of chemotherapy-related breast tumor EMT by application of redox-sensitive siRNA delivery system CSO-ss-SA/siRNA along with doxorubicin treatment. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 21:218-233. [PMID: 32133799 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the main reasons causing death in cancer patients. It was reported that chemotherapy might induce metastasis. In order to uncover the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced metastasis and find solutions to inhibit treatment-induced metastasis, the relationship between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and doxorubicin (DOX) treatment was investigated and a redox-sensitive small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system was designed. DOX-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be responsible for the invasiveness of tumor cells in vitro, causing enhanced EMT and cytoskeleton reconstruction regulated by Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1). In order to decrease RAC1, a redox-sensitive glycolipid drug delivery system (chitosan-ss-stearylamine conjugate (CSO-ss-SA)) was designed to carry siRNA, forming a gene delivery system (CSO-ss-SA/siRNA) downregulating RAC1. CSO-ss-SA/siRNA exhibited an enhanced redox sensitivity compared to nonresponsive complexes in 10 mmol/L glutathione (GSH) and showed a significant safety. CSO-ss-SA/siRNA could effectively transmit siRNA into tumor cells, reducing the expression of RAC1 protein by 38.2% and decreasing the number of tumor-induced invasion cells by 42.5%. When combined with DOX, CSO-ss-SA/siRNA remarkably inhibited the chemotherapy-induced EMT in vivo and enhanced therapeutic efficiency. The present study indicates that RAC1 protein is a key regulator of chemotherapy-induced EMT and CSO-ss-SA/siRNA silencing RAC1 could efficiently decrease the tumor metastasis risk after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue-Qing Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xu-Wei Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Kang AR, Cho JH, Lee NG, Kwon JH, Song JY, Hwang SG, Jung IS, Kim JS, Um HD, Oh SC, Park JK. Radiation-induced IL-1β expression and secretion promote cancer cell migration/invasion via activation of the NF-κB-RIP1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:973-979. [PMID: 33176910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributes to the γ-ionizing radiation (IR)-induced increase of migration/invasion in A549 lung cancer cells, and that this occurs via RIP1 upregulation. We initially observed that the protein expression and secreted concentration of IL-1β were increased upon exposure of A549 cells to IR. We then demonstrated that IR-induced IL-1β is located downstream of the NF-κB-RIP1 signaling pathway. Treatments with siRNA and specific pharmaceutical inhibitors of RIP1 and NF-κB suppressed the IR-induced increases in the protein expression and secreted concentration of IL-1β. IL-1Ra, an antagonist of IL-1β, treatment suppressed the IR-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and IR-induced invasion/migration in vitro. These results suggest that IL-1β could regulate IR-induced EMT. We also found that IR could induce the expression of IL-1β expression in vivo and that of IL-1 receptor (R) I/II in vitro and in vivo. The IR-induced increases in the protein levels of IL-1 RI/II and IL-1β suggest that an autocrine loop between IL-1β and IL-1 RI/II might play important roles in IR-induced EMT and migration/invasion. Based on these collective results, we propose that IR concomitantly activates NF-κB and RIP1 to trigger the NF-κB-RIP1-IL-1β-IL-1RI/II-EMT pathway, ultimately promoting metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ram Kang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Cho
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Gyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kwon
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Jung
- Medical Accelerator Team, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Blamek S, Stankiewicz M, Maciejewski B. Clinical and volumetric predictors of local control after robotic stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral metastases: active systemic disease may affect local control in the brain. Radiol Oncol 2020; 55:82-87. [PMID: 33885238 PMCID: PMC7877264 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2020-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to assess the association between physical and biological dose normalized to volume of the metastatic tumor as well as clinical factors with local control in patients with brain metastases who underwent robotic stereotactic radiosurgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cohort of 69 patients consecutively treated with robotic radiosurgery between 2011 and 2016 was analyzed. The patients were treated with either single fraction radiosurgery or hypofractionated regimens. Biologically effective dose (BED) was calculated assuming alpha/beta value = 10 and both physical dose and BED were normalized to the tumor volume to allow dose-volume effect evaluation. Moreover, clinical and treatment-related variables were evaluated to asses association with local control. RESULTS A total of 133 tumors were irradiated and their volumes ranged between 0.001 and 46.99 cm3. Presence of extracranial progression was associated with worse local control whereas higher total dose, BED10 > 59 Gy and single metastasis predicted statistically significantly better local outcome. BED10/cm3 > 36 Gy, and BED2 > 60 Gy negatively affected local control in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis performed on all these variables, presence of a single metastasis, BED10 > 59 Gy and extracranial progression retained their significance. Excluding a priori the BED2/ cm3 parameter resulted with a Cox model confirming significance of all remaining variables. CONCLUSIONS Hypofractionated treatment schemes have similar efficiency to single fraction treatment in terms of local control and the effect depends on BED irrespective of fractionation schedule. Effective control of extracranial sites of the disease is associated with higher probability of local control in the brain which in turn is consistently lower in patients with multiple lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Blamek
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stankiewicz
- Department of Brachytherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Poland
| | - Bogusław Maciejewski
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Poland
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14
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Wang D, Xiao F, Feng Z, Li M, Kong L, Huang L, Wei Y, Li H, Liu F, Zhang H, Zhang W. Sunitinib facilitates metastatic breast cancer spreading by inducing endothelial cell senescence. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:103. [PMID: 32993785 PMCID: PMC7526390 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sunitinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that targets multiple receptors such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), was approved for cancer treatment in 2006. However, it was unsuccessful in treating certain cancers, particularly metastatic breast cancer (MBC), and the mechanism underlying this “sunitinib resistance” remains unclear. Herein, we investigated whether the sunitinib-associated inferior survival benefit in MBC was due to sunitinib-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury or EC senescence. Methods 4T1 murine breast cancer cells were used as the main breast tumor model for it produces a highly metastatic solid tumor that can spontaneously metastasize to the lung, which closely mimics highly metastatic human breast cancer. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal, immunohistochemistry [IHC]-staining), P16, P53, and P57 (immunoblotting) were used as markers of cell senescence. A protein array containing 25 senescence-associated chemokines and the transwell chemotaxis assay were used to examine whether sunitinib increases inflammatory chemokine secretion which attracts tumor cells via chemokinesis. Flow cytometry and IHC were used to detect whether the sunitinib-induced senescent ECs recruit cancer-associated inflammatory myeloid cells. Finally, the spontaneous metastatic model was used to monitor whether sunitinib causes the formation of “pre-metastatic niche” which promotes MBC to metastasize to the lungs. Results We demonstrated that sunitinib induced a senescence-like endothelial cell (EC) phenotype. Inflammatory chemokine secretion and VCAM1 expression were significantly increased in senescent ECs, resulting in tumor cell (TC) chemotaxis and TC/EC interactions. Meanwhile, EC senescence caused loosening of EC junctions, facilitating TC transmigration through the endothelial barrier. Sunitinib-induced senescent ECs also recruited cancer-associated myeloid cells to form a “pre-metastatic niche”-like microenvironment. Alterations at the molecular level and in the tissue environment ultimately led to an increase in distant metastasis. Conclusion Although sunitinib was designed to target the EC directly, the increase in tumor metastasis may ironically be due to sunitinib “correctly” playing its role. Our findings suggest that we should carefully weigh the pros and cons before using sunitinib and other antiangiogenic drugs that directly target the ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denian Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxue Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingmiao Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong'gang Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Liver Transplantation Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haili Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, No. 1, Ke Yuan 4th Road, Gao Peng Street, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Fitzgerald JE, Byrd BK, Patil RA, Strawbridge RR, Davis SC, Bellini C, Niedre M. Heterogeneity of circulating tumor cell dissemination and lung metastases in a subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:3633-3647. [PMID: 33014556 PMCID: PMC7510907 DOI: 10.1364/boe.395289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous (s.c.) tumor models are widely used in pre-clinical cancer metastasis research. Despite this, the dynamics and natural progression of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and CTC clusters (CTCCs) in peripheral blood are poorly understood in these models. In this work, we used a new technique called 'diffuse in vivo flow cytometry' (DiFC) to study CTC and CTCC dissemination in an s.c. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) model in mice. Tumors were grown in the rear flank and we performed DiFC up to 31 days after inoculation. At the study endpoint, lungs were excised and bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was performed to determine the extent of lung metastases. We also used fluorescence macro-cryotome imaging to visualize infiltration and growth of the primary tumor. DiFC revealed significant heterogeneity in CTC and CTCC numbers amongst all mice studied, despite using clonally identical LLC cells and tumor placement. Maximum DiFC count rates corresponded to 0.1 to 14 CTCs per mL of peripheral blood. In general, CTC numbers did not necessarily increase monotonically over time and were poorly correlated with tumor volume. However, there was a good correlation between CTC and CTCC numbers in peripheral blood and lung metastases. We attribute the differences in CTC numbers primarily due to growth patterns of the primary tumor. This study is one of the few reports of CTC shedding dynamics in sub-cutaneous metastasis models and underscores the value of in vivo methods for continuous, non-invasive CTC monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Fitzgerald
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brook K. Byrd
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Roshani A. Patil
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rendall R. Strawbridge
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Scott C. Davis
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Chiara Bellini
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark Niedre
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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16
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RIP1 Is a Novel Component of γ-ionizing Radiation-Induced Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134584. [PMID: 32605153 PMCID: PMC7369811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Previously, we demonstrated that γ-ionizing radiation (IR) triggers the invasion/migration of A549 cells via activation of an EGFR-p38/ERK-STAT3/CREB-1-EMT pathway. Here, we have demonstrated the involvement of a novel intracellular signaling mechanism in γ-ionizing radiation (IR)-induced migration/invasion. Expression of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1 was initially increased upon exposure of A549, a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, to IR. IR-induced RIP1 is located downstream of EGFR and involved in the expression/activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and vimentin, suggesting a role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our experiments showed that IR-induced RIP1 sequentially induces Src-STAT3-EMT to promote invasion/migration. Inhibition of RIP1 kinase activity and expression blocked induction of EMT by IR and suppressed the levels and activities of MMP-2, MMP-9 and vimentin. IR-induced RIP1 activation was additionally associated with stimulation of the transcriptional factor NF-κB. Specifically, exposure to IR triggered NF-κB activation and inhibition of NF-κB suppressed IR-induced RIP1 expression, followed by a decrease in invasion/migration as well as EMT. Based on the collective results, we propose that IR concomitantly activates EGFR and NF-κB and subsequently triggers the RIP1-Src/STAT3-EMT pathway, ultimately promoting metastasis.
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17
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Jinesh GG, Brohl AS. The genetic script of metastasis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:244-266. [PMID: 31663259 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a pivotal event that changes the course of cancers from benign and treatable to malignant and difficult to treat, resulting in the demise of patients. Understanding the genetic control of metastasis is thus crucial to develop efficient and sustainable targeted therapies. Here we discuss the alterations in epigenetic mechanisms, transcription, chromosomal instability, chromosome imprinting, non-coding RNAs, coding RNAs, mutant RNAs, enhancers, G-quadruplexes, and copy number variation to dissect the genetic control of metastasis. We conclude that the genetic control of metastasis is predominantly executed through epithelial to mesenchymal transition and evasion of cell death. We discuss how genetic regulatory mechanisms can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes to achieve sustainable control over cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goodwin G Jinesh
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A.,Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
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18
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Bhattacharya U, Gutter-Kapon L, Kan T, Boyango I, Barash U, Yang SM, Liu J, Gross-Cohen M, Sanderson RD, Shaked Y, Ilan N, Vlodavsky I. Heparanase and Chemotherapy Synergize to Drive Macrophage Activation and Enhance Tumor Growth. Cancer Res 2020; 80:57-68. [PMID: 31690669 PMCID: PMC6942624 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emerging role of heparanase in tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance is well recognized, encouraging the development of heparanase inhibitors as anticancer drugs. Unlike the function of heparanase in cancer cells, little attention has been given to heparanase contributed by cells composing the tumor microenvironment. Here, we focused on the cross-talk between macrophages, chemotherapy, and heparanase and the combined effect on tumor progression. Macrophages were markedly activated by chemotherapeutics paclitaxel and cisplatin, evidenced by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, supporting recent studies indicating that chemotherapy may promote rather than suppress tumor regrowth and spread. Strikingly, cytokine induction by chemotherapy was not observed in macrophages isolated from heparanase-knockout mice, suggesting macrophage activation by chemotherapy is heparanase dependent. paclitaxel-treated macrophages enhanced the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma tumors that was attenuated by a CXCR2 inhibitor. Mechanistically, paclitaxel and cisplatin activated methylation of histone H3 on lysine 4 (H3K4) in wild-type but not in heparanase-knockout macrophages. Furthermore, the H3K4 presenter WDR5 functioned as a molecular determinant that mediated cytokine induction by paclitaxel. This epigenetic, heparanase-dependent host-response mechanism adds a new perspective to the tumor-promoting functions of chemotherapy, and offers new treatment modalities to optimize chemotherapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: Chemotherapy-treated macrophages are activated to produce proinflammatory cytokines, which are blunted in the absence of heparanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udayan Bhattacharya
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lilach Gutter-Kapon
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tal Kan
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ilanit Boyango
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Uri Barash
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - JingJing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Miriam Gross-Cohen
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yuval Shaked
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Neta Ilan
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Israel Vlodavsky
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
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A Transient Pseudosenescent Secretome Promotes Tumor Growth after Antiangiogenic Therapy Withdrawal. Cell Rep 2019; 25:3706-3720.e8. [PMID: 30590043 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR TKIs) approved to treat multiple cancer types can promote metastatic disease in certain limited preclinical settings. Here, we show that stopping VEGFR TKI treatment after resistance can lead to rebound tumor growth that is driven by cellular changes resembling senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) known to promote cancer progression. A SASP-mimicking antiangiogenic therapy-induced secretome (ATIS) was found to persist during short withdrawal periods, and blockade of known SASP regulators, including mTOR and IL-6, could blunt rebound effects. Critically, senescence hallmarks ultimately reversed after long drug withdrawal periods, suggesting that the transition to a permanent growth-arrested senescent state was incomplete and the hijacking of SASP machinery ultimately transient. These findings may account for the highly diverse and reversible cytokine changes observed in VEGF inhibitor-treated patients, and suggest senescence-targeted therapies ("senotherapeutics")-particularly those that block SASP regulation-may improve outcomes in patients after VEGFR TKI failure.
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20
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Application of Computational Biology and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Cancer Precision Drug Discovery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8427042. [PMID: 31886259 PMCID: PMC6925679 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8427042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) proves to have enormous potential in many areas of healthcare including research and chemical discoveries. Using large amounts of aggregated data, the AI can discover and learn further transforming these data into “usable” knowledge. Being well aware of this, the world's leading pharmaceutical companies have already begun to use artificial intelligence to improve their research regarding new drugs. The goal is to exploit modern computational biology and machine learning systems to predict the molecular behaviour and the likelihood of getting a useful drug, thus saving time and money on unnecessary tests. Clinical studies, electronic medical records, high-resolution medical images, and genomic profiles can be used as resources to aid drug development. Pharmaceutical and medical researchers have extensive data sets that can be analyzed by strong AI systems. This review focused on how computational biology and artificial intelligence technologies can be implemented by integrating the knowledge of cancer drugs, drug resistance, next-generation sequencing, genetic variants, and structural biology in the cancer precision drug discovery.
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Zeng JH, Lu W, Liang L, Chen G, Lan HH, Liang XY, Zhu X. Prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) based on a six-lncRNA-based risk score: an investigation based on RNA-sequencing data. J Transl Med 2019; 17:281. [PMID: 31443717 PMCID: PMC6708203 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The scientific understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has improved in recent decades. Nevertheless, there has been little research into the role that lncRNAs play in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). More lncRNAs are assumed to influence the progression of ccRCC via their own molecular mechanisms. Methods This study investigated the prognostic significance of differentially expressed lncRNAs by mining high-throughput lncRNA-sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) containing 13,198 lncRNAs from 539 patients. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were assessed using the R packages edgeR and DESeq. The prognostic significance of lncRNAs was measured using univariate Cox proportional hazards regression. ccRCC patients were then categorized into high- and low-score cohorts based on the cumulative distribution curve inflection point the of risk score, which was generated by the multivariate Cox regression model. Samples from the TCGA dataset were divided into training and validation subsets to verify the prognostic risk model. Bioinformatics methods, gene set enrichment analysis, and protein–protein interaction networks, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were subsequently used. Results It was found that the risk score based on 6 novel lncRNAs (CTA-384D8.35, CTD-2263F21.1, LINC01510, RP11-352G9.1, RP11-395B7.2, RP11-426C22.4) exhibited superior prognostic value for ccRCC. Moreover, we categorized the cases into two groups (high-risk and low-risk), and also examined related pathways and genetic differences between them. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated that the median survival time of patients in the high-risk group was 73.5 months, much shorter than that of the low-risk group (112.6 months; P < 0.05). Furthermore, the risk score predicted the 5-year survival of all 539 ccRCC patients (AUC at 5 years, 0.683; concordance index [C-index], 0.853; 95% CI 0.817–0.889). The training set and validation set also showed similar performance (AUC at 5 years, 0.649 and 0.681, respectively; C-index, 0.822 and 0.891; 95% CI 0.774–0.870 and 0.844–0.938). Conclusions The results of this study can be applied to analyzing various prognostic factors, leading to new possibilities for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hui Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Nanning Second People's Hospital, 13 Dancun Road, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Nanning Second People's Hospital, 13 Dancun Road, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 166 Daxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hua Lan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Yun Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Nanning Second People's Hospital, 13 Dancun Road, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Nanning Second People's Hospital, 13 Dancun Road, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Rovithi M, Gerritse SL, Honeywell RJ, Ten Tije AJ, Ruijter R, Peters GJ, Voortman J, Labots M, Verheul HMW. Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Once Weekly or Once Every Two Weeks Administration of High-Dose Sunitinib in Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors. J Clin Oncol 2018; 37:411-418. [PMID: 30586316 PMCID: PMC6368417 DOI: 10.1200/jco.18.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dose and schedule optimization of treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is of utmost importance. On the basis of preclinical data, a phase I clinical trial of once weekly or once every 2 weeks administration of high-dose sunitinib in patients with refractory solid malignancies was conducted. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced cancer refractory to standard treatment were eligible. With use of a standard 3 + 3 phase I design, patients received escalating doses of sunitinib, in 100 mg increments, starting at 200 mg once weekly. In both the once weekly and once every 2 weeks cohorts, 10 more patients were included at the maximum tolerated dose level. Primary end points were safety and tolerability. RESULTS Sixty-nine patients with advanced cancer, predominantly colorectal cancer (42%), were treated with this alternative dosing regimen. Maximum tolerated dose was established at 300 mg once weekly and 700 mg once every 2 weeks, resulting in nine- and 18-fold higher maximum plasma concentrations compared with standard dose, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated, with fatigue (81%), nausea (48%), and anorexia (33%) being the most frequent adverse events. The only grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse event in 5% or more of patients was fatigue (6%). Sixty-three percent of patients had significant clinical benefit, with a 30% progression-free survival of 5 months or more. CONCLUSION Sunitinib administered once weekly at 300 mg or once every 2 weeks at 700 mg is feasible, with comparable tolerability as daily administration. Administration of 700 mg once every 2 weeks can be considered as the most optimal schedule because of the highest maximum plasma concentration being reached. The promising preliminary antitumor activity of this alternative schedule in heavily pretreated patients warrants further clinical evaluation and might ultimately indicate a class characteristic of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rovithi
- Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Rita Ruijter
- Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jens Voortman
- Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariette Labots
- Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Yu Q, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y. Magnetic Supramolecular Nanofibers of Gold Nanorods for Photothermal Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Yu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and TechnologyMinistry of Education, College of Life SciencesNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Ming Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Hua Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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24
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Nikolaou M, Pavlopoulou A, Georgakilas AG, Kyrodimos E. The challenge of drug resistance in cancer treatment: a current overview. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:309-318. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Mastri M, Lee CR, Tracz A, Kerbel RS, Dolan M, Shi Y, Ebos JML. Tumor-Independent Host Secretomes Induced By Angiogenesis and Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1602-1612. [PMID: 29695634 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The levels of various circulating blood proteins can change in response to cancer therapy. Monitoring therapy-induced secretomes (TIS) may have use as biomarkers for establishing optimal biological effect (such as dosing) or identifying sources of toxicity and drug resistance. Although TIS can derive from tumor cells directly, nontumor "host" treatment responses can also impact systemic secretory programs. For targeted inhibitors of the tumor microenvironment, including antiangiogenic and immune-checkpoint therapies, host TIS could explain unexpected collateral "side effects" of treatment. Here, we describe a comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of host TIS in tissues and plasma from cancer-free mice treated with antibody and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKI) of the VEGF, cMet/ALK, and PD-1 pathways. We found that all cancer therapies elicit TIS independent of tumor growth, with systemic secretory gene change intensity higher in RTKIs compared with antibodies. Our results show that host TIS signatures differ between drug target, drug class, and dose. Notably, protein and gene host TIS signatures were not always predictive for each other, suggesting limitations to transcriptomic-only approaches to clinical biomarker development for circulating proteins. Together, these are the first studies to assess and compare "off-target" host secretory effects of VEGF and PD-1 pathway inhibition that occur independent of tumor stage or tumor response to therapy. Testing treatment impact on normal tissues to establish host-mediated TIS signatures (or "therasomes") may be important for identifying disease agnostic biomarkers to predict benefits (or limitations) of drug combinatory approaches. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1602-12. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Mastri
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Christina R Lee
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Tracz
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Robert S Kerbel
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Dolan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Yuhao Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - John M L Ebos
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York. .,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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26
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Chen YS, Meng F, Li HL, Liu QH, Hou PF, Bai J, Zheng JN. Dicer suppresses MMP-2-mediated invasion and VEGFA-induced angiogenesis and serves as a promising prognostic biomarker in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84299-84313. [PMID: 27732931 PMCID: PMC5356663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer, a key component of the microRNA processing machinery, has been reported to exert discrepant prognostic values and biological roles in different types of cancers. Here, we investigated the function and prognostic value of Dicer in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Using the retrospective ccRCC patients’ cohorts with tissue microarray (TMA), we demonstrated that Dicer expression was significantly down-regulated in ccRCC compared with renal non-tumor tissues, and negatively associated with pN status (P = 0.005), pM status (P = 0.009) and TNM stage (P =0.013). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that positive Dicer expression was an independent favorable factor for prognosis of ccRCC patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.709, P = 0.025 for 5-year overall survival; HR = 0.655, P = 0.008 for disease specific survival). Moreover, we found that Dicer decreased the abilities of cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis through suppressing MMP-2 and VEGFA expression. Tumor metastasis model in vivo showed much more metastatic nodules of lung in the Dicer knockdown group than the control group via increased MMP-2 expression. Our findings imply that Dicer inhibits ccRCC metastasis and may serve as promising prognostic biomarkers for ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Su Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huai' an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai' an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Long Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing-Hua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping-Fu Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Nian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Fingleton B, Lange K, Caldwell B, Bankaitis KV. Perspective on the interpretation of research and translation to clinical care with therapy-associated metastatic breast cancer progression as an example. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 34:443-447. [PMID: 29484519 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-017-9872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This commentary was written as a collaboration between the Board of the Metastasis Research Society and two patients with metastatic breast cancer. It was conceived in response to how preclinical scientific research is sometimes presented to non-scientists in a way that can cause stress and confusion. Translation of preclinical findings to the clinic requires overcoming multiple barriers. This is irrespective of whether the findings relate to exciting responses to new therapies or problematic effects of currently used therapies. It is important that these barriers are understood and acknowledged when research findings are summarized for mainstream reporting. To minimize confusion, patients should continue to rely on their oncology care team to help them interpret whether research findings presented in mainstream media have relevance for their individual care. Researchers, both bench and clinical, should work together where possible to increase options for patients with metastatic disease, which is still in desperate need of effective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fingleton
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 771 PRB, 2220 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37233-6480, USA.
| | - Kelly Lange
- METAvivor Research and Support Inc., Annapolis, MD, USA
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28
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Klement GL, Arkun K, Valik D, Roffidal T, Hashemi A, Klement C, Carmassi P, Rietman E, Slaby O, Mazanek P, Mudry P, Kovacs G, Kiss C, Norga K, Konstantinov D, André N, Slavc I, van Den Berg H, Kolenova A, Kren L, Tuma J, Skotakova J, Sterba J. Future paradigms for precision oncology. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46813-46831. [PMID: 27223079 PMCID: PMC5216837 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has exposed cancer to be a heterogeneous disease with a high degree of inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral variability. Individual tumors have unique profiles, and these molecular signatures make the use of traditional histology-based treatments problematic. The conventional diagnostic categories, while necessary for care, thwart the use of molecular information for treatment as molecular characteristics cross tissue types. This is compounded by the struggle to keep abreast the scientific advances made in all fields of science, and by the enormous challenge to organize, cross-reference, and apply molecular data for patient benefit. In order to supplement the site-specific, histology-driven diagnosis with genomic, proteomic and metabolomics information, a paradigm shift in diagnosis and treatment of patients is required. While most physicians are open and keen to use the emerging data for therapy, even those versed in molecular therapeutics are overwhelmed with the amount of available data. It is not surprising that even though The Human Genome Project was completed thirteen years ago, our patients have not benefited from the information. Physicians cannot, and should not be asked to process the gigabytes of genomic and proteomic information on their own in order to provide patients with safe therapies. The following consensus summary identifies the needed for practice changes, proposes potential solutions to the present crisis of informational overload, suggests ways of providing physicians with the tools necessary for interpreting patient specific molecular profiles, and facilitates the implementation of quantitative precision medicine. It also provides two case studies where this approach has been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannoula Lakka Klement
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Knarik Arkun
- Department of Pathology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dalibor Valik
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Regional Center for Applied Molecular Biology, RECAMO, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tina Roffidal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Edward Rietman
- CSTS Health Care®, Toronto, Canada.,Computer Science Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mazanek
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Regional Center for Applied Molecular Biology, RECAMO, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Mudry
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Regional Center for Applied Molecular Biology, RECAMO, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabor Kovacs
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csongor Kiss
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Koen Norga
- Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Nicolas André
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,UMR S_911 CRO2 Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Irene Slavc
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henk van Den Berg
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children Hospital Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Kolenova
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Leos Kren
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Tuma
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Skotakova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Sterba
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,ICRC St. Anna University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Kuczma M, Ding ZC, Zhou G. Immunostimulatory Effects of Melphalan and Usefulness in Adoptive Cell Therapy with Antitumor CD4+ T Cells. Crit Rev Immunol 2017; 36:179-191. [PMID: 27910767 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2016017507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The alkylating agent melphalan is used in the treatment of hematological malignancies, especially multiple myeloma. In the past, the usefulness of melphalan has been solely attributed to its cytotoxicity on fastgrowing cancerous cells. Although the immunomodulatory effects of melphalan were suggested many years ago, only recently has this aspect of melphalan's activity begun to be elucidated at the molecular level. Emerging evidence indicates that melphalan can foster an immunogenic microenvironment by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) as characterized by membrane translocation of endoplasmic reticulum protein calreticulin (CRT) and by release of chromatin-binding protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). In addition, the lympho-depletive effect of melphalan can induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, deplete regulatory T cells, and create space to facilitate the expansion of infused tumor-reactive T cells. These features suggest that melphalan can be used as a preparative chemotherapy for adoptive T-cell therapy. This notion is supported by our recent work demonstrating that the combination of melphalan and adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive CD4+ T cells can mediate potent antitumor effects in animal models. This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding and utilizing the immunomodulatory effects of melphalan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kuczma
- Cancer Immunology, Inflammation and Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhi-Chun Ding
- Cancer Immunology, Inflammation and Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gang Zhou
- Cancer Immunology, Inflammation and Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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30
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Blyth BJ, Cole AJ, MacManus MP, Martin OA. Radiation therapy-induced metastasis: radiobiology and clinical implications. Clin Exp Metastasis 2017; 35:223-236. [PMID: 29159430 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-017-9867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an effective means of achieving local control in a wide range of primary tumours, with the reduction in the size of the tumour(s) thought to mediate the observed reductions in metastatic spread in clinical trials. However, there is evidence to suggest that the complex changes induced by radiation in the tumour environment can also present metastatic risks that may counteract the long-term efficacy of the treatment. More than 25 years ago, several largely theoretical mechanisms by which radiation exposure might increase metastatic risk were postulated. These include the direct release of tumour cells into the circulation, systemic effects of tumour and normal tissue irradiation and radiation-induced changes in tumour cell phenotype. Here, we review the data that has since emerged to either support or refute these putative mechanisms focusing on how the unique radiobiology underlying modern radiotherapy modalities might alter these risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Blyth
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia. .,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.
| | - Aidan J Cole
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Michael P MacManus
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Olga A Martin
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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31
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Mastri M, Rosario S, Tracz A, Frink RE, Brekken RA, Ebos JML. The Challenges of Modeling Drug Resistance to Antiangiogenic Therapy. Curr Drug Targets 2017; 17:1747-1754. [PMID: 26648063 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666151209123544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains an ongoing challenge for the majority of patients treated with inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis. Preclinical models have played a significant role in identifying multiple complex mechanisms of antiangiogenic treatment failure. Yet questions remain about the optimal methodology to study resistance that may assist in making clinically relevant choices about alternative or combination treatment strategies. The origins of antiangiogenic treatment failure may stem from the tumor vasculature, the tumor itself, or both together, and preclinical methods that define resistance are diverse and rarely compared. We performed a literature search of the preclinical methodologies used to examine resistance to VEGF pathway inhibitors and identified 109 papers from more than 400 that use treatment failure as the starting point for mechanistic study. We found that definitions of resistance are broad and inconsistent, involve only a small number of reagents, and derive mostly from in vitro and in vivo methodologies that often do not represent clinically relevant disease stages or progression. Together, this literature analysis highlights the challenges of studying inhibitors of the tumor microenvironment in the preclinical setting and the need for improved methodology to assist in qualifying (and quantifying) treatment failure to identify mechanisms that will help predict alternative strategies in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John M L Ebos
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 142631, USA
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32
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Tumor cell senescence response produces aggressive variants. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17049. [PMID: 28845296 PMCID: PMC5563524 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors often respond favorably to initial chemotherapy but eventually relapse with drug resistance and increased metastatic potential. Cellular senescence is a major therapeutic outcome of cancer chemotherapy, which leads to tumor stasis or regression through immune clearance of senescent cells. However, senescent tumor cells have been shown to resume proliferation at low frequency. We found that subjecting arrested senescent tumor cells to cytotoxic treatments stimulates the clonogenic proliferation of remaining survivors. The senescence revertants showed a reduced rate of proliferation but increased migration and invasion potential in vitro, and increased tumorigenic potential in vivo. Gene expression profiling showed that the senescence revertants are distinct from both parental and senescent cells. A subset of senescence-activated genes remains active in the revertants. These genes are implicated in regulating cell motility, invasion, and metastasis, which may collectively contribute to the aggressiveness of the revertants. The findings suggest that although therapy-induced senescence has short-term benefits, the response also causes reprogramming of gene expression and activates invasion-related genes that accelerate tumor progression.
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33
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Veelken C, Bakker GJ, Drell D, Friedl P. Single cell-based automated quantification of therapy responses of invasive cancer spheroids in organotypic 3D culture. Methods 2017; 128:139-149. [PMID: 28739118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organotypic in vitro culture of 3D spheroids in an extracellular matrix represent a promising cancer therapy prediction model for personalized medicine screens due to their controlled experimental conditions and physiological similarities to in vivo conditions. As in tumors in vivo, 3D invasion cultures identify intratumor heterogeneity of growth, invasion and apoptosis induction by cytotoxic therapy. We here combine in vitro 3D spheroid invasion culture with irradiation and automated nucleus-based segmentation for single cell analysis to quantify growth, survival, apoptosis and invasion response during experimental radiation therapy. As output, multi-parameter histogram-based representations deliver an integrated insight into therapy response and resistance. This workflow may be suited for high-throughput screening and identification of invasive and therapy-resistant tumor sub-populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Veelken
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Bakker
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David Drell
- MetaViLabs, 16238 Ranch Road 620 North Suite F-347, Austin TX 78717, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboudumc Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Genomics Center, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Tohme S, Simmons RL, Tsung A. Surgery for Cancer: A Trigger for Metastases. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1548-1552. [PMID: 28330928 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surgery is a crucial intervention and provides a chance of cure for patients with cancer. The perioperative period is characterized by an increased risk for accelerated growth of micrometastatic disease and increased formation of new metastatic foci. The true impact for cancer patients remains unclear. This review summarizes the often fragmentary clinical and experimental evidence supporting the role of surgery and inflammation as potential triggers for disease recurrence. Surgery induces increased shedding of cancer cells into the circulation, suppresses antitumor immunity allowing circulating cells to survive, upregulates adhesion molecules in target organs, recruits immune cells capable of entrapping tumor cells, and induces changes in the target tissue and in the cancer cells themselves to enhance migration and invasion to establish at the target site. Surgical trauma induces local and systemic inflammatory responses that can also contribute to the accelerated growth of residual and micrometastatic disease. Furthermore, we address the role of perioperative factors, including anesthesia, transfusions, hypothermia, and postoperative complications, as probable deleterious factors contributing to early recurrence. Through the admittedly limited understanding of these processes, we will attempt to provide suggestions for potential new therapeutic approaches to target the protumorigenic perioperative window and ultimately improve long-term oncological outcomes. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1548-52. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard L Simmons
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Dufies M, Giuliano S, Ambrosetti D, Claren A, Ndiaye PD, Mastri M, Moghrabi W, Cooley LS, Ettaiche M, Chamorey E, Parola J, Vial V, Lupu-Plesu M, Bernhard JC, Ravaud A, Borchiellini D, Ferrero JM, Bikfalvi A, Ebos JM, Khabar KS, Grépin R, Pagès G. Sunitinib Stimulates Expression of VEGFC by Tumor Cells and Promotes Lymphangiogenesis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1212-1226. [PMID: 28087600 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib is an antiangiogenic therapy given as a first-line treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While treatment improves progression-free survival, most patients relapse. We hypothesized that patient relapse can stem from the development of a lymphatic network driven by the production of the main growth factor for lymphatic endothelial cells, VEGFC. In this study, we found that sunitinib can stimulate vegfc gene transcription and increase VEGFC mRNA half-life. In addition, sunitinib activated p38 MAPK, which resulted in the upregulation/activity of HuR and inactivation of tristetraprolin, two AU-rich element-binding proteins. Sunitinib stimulated a VEGFC-dependent development of lymphatic vessels in experimental tumors. This may explain our findings of increased lymph node invasion and new metastatic sites in 30% of sunitinib-treated patients and increased lymphatic vessels found in 70% of neoadjuvant treated patients. In summary, a therapy dedicated to destroying tumor blood vessels induced the development of lymphatic vessels, which may have contributed to the treatment failure. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1212-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Dufies
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Sandy Giuliano
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Audrey Claren
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
- Radiotherapy Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Papa Diogop Ndiaye
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Michalis Mastri
- Center for Genetics and Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Walid Moghrabi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marc Ettaiche
- Statistics Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | | | - Julien Parola
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Valerie Vial
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Marilena Lupu-Plesu
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | | | - Alain Ravaud
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - John M Ebos
- Center for Genetics and Pharmacology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Khalid Saad Khabar
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renaud Grépin
- Biomedical Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Gilles Pagès
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France.
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Xu T, Jin Z, Yuan Y, Zheng H, Li C, Hou W, Guo Q, Hua B. Tat-Interacting Protein 30 (TIP30) Expression Serves as a New Biomarker for Tumor Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168408. [PMID: 28036326 PMCID: PMC5201241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tat-interacting protein 30 (TIP30) is a tumor suppressor protein that has been found to be expressed in a wide variety of tumor tissues. TIP30 is involved in the control of cell apoptosis, growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, DNA repair, and tumor cell metabolism. The methylation of the TIP30 promoter is also associated with tumor prognosis. To evaluate this topic further, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of TIP30 for tumor patients. METHODS We searched PubMed and EMBASE for eligible studies. We manually searched for printed journals and relevant textbooks. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the region, manuscript quality, methods of vasculogenic mimicry identification, pathology, and number of patients. RESULTS Fourteen studies with 1705 patients were included in this meta-analysis. A significant association was observed between high expression of TIP30 in patients with cancer with a good overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.53, 95% confidence interval: 0.41-0.69), and good recurrence-free survival or disease free survival (hazard ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.37-0.66). Lack of expression of TIP30 had an association with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio = 3.90, 95% confidence interval: 2.21-6.89) and high tumor node metastasis clinical stage (odds ratio = 2.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.68-2.62). The methylation of the TIP30 promoter did not significantly influence the overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.88-1.13) or disease free survival (hazard ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval: 0.19-2.02). CONCLUSIONS TIP30 expression is associated with a good prognosis in patients with tumors. Clinical studies with large samples are needed worldwide and standardized protocols should be adopted in the future to achieve a better understanding of the relationship between tumor prognosis and TIP30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Conghuang Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (BH); (QG)
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (BH); (QG)
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Domoto T, Pyko IV, Furuta T, Miyashita K, Uehara M, Shimasaki T, Nakada M, Minamoto T. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β is a pivotal mediator of cancer invasion and resistance to therapy. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1363-1372. [PMID: 27486911 PMCID: PMC5084660 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell invasion and resistance to therapy are the most intractable biological characteristics of cancer and, therefore, the most challenging for current cancer research and treatment paradigms. Refractory cancers, including pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma, show an inextricable association between the highly invasive behavior of tumor cells and their resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies. These aggressive properties of cancer share distinct cellular pathways that are connected to each other by several molecular hubs. There is increasing evidence to show that glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)‐3β is aberrantly activated in various cancer types and this has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. In many but not all cancer types, aberrant GSK3β sustains the survival, immortalization, proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, while also rendering them insensitive or resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation. Here we review studies that describe associations between therapeutic stimuli/resistance and the induction of pro‐invasive phenotypes in various cancer types. Such cancers are largely responsive to treatment that targets GSK3β. This review focuses on the role of GSK3β as a molecular hub that connects pathways responsible for tumor invasion and resistance to therapy, thus highlighting its potential as a major cancer therapeutic target. We also discuss the putative involvement of GSK3β in determining tumor cell stemness that underpins both tumor invasion and therapy resistance, leading to intractable and refractory cancer with dismal patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Domoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ilya V Pyko
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Miyashita
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Uehara
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Shimasaki
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Division of Translational and Clinical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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Arvatz G, Weissmann M, Ilan N, Vlodavsky I. Heparanase and cancer progression: New directions, new promises. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:2253-6. [PMID: 27054564 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1171442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparanase, the sole heparan sulfate degrading endoglycosidase, regulates multiple biological activities that enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Much of the impact of heparanase on tumor progression is related to its function in mediating tumor-host crosstalk, priming the tumor microenvironment to better support tumor progression. Heparanase expression is enhanced in almost all cancers examined including various carcinomas, sarcomas and hematological malignancies. Numerous clinical association studies have consistently demonstrated that upregulated heparanase expression correlates with increased tumor size, tumor angiogenesis, enhanced metastasis and poor prognosis. Notably, heparanase is ranked among the most frequently recognized tumor antigens in patients with pancreatic, colorectal or breast cancer, favoring heparanase-based immunotherapy. Development of heparanase inhibitors focused on carbohydrate-based compounds of which 4 are being evaluated in clinical trials for various types of cancer, including myeloma, pancreatic carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Owing to their heparin-like nature, these compounds may exert off target effects. Newly generated heparanase neutralizing monoclonal antibodies profoundly attenuated myeloma and lymphoma tumor growth and dissemination in preclinical models, likely by targeting heparanase in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Arvatz
- a Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion , Haifa , Israel
| | - Marina Weissmann
- a Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion , Haifa , Israel
| | - Neta Ilan
- a Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion , Haifa , Israel
| | - Israel Vlodavsky
- a Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion , Haifa , Israel
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39
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Nastiuk KL, Krolewski JJ. Opportunities and challenges in combination gene cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 98:35-40. [PMID: 26724249 PMCID: PMC4957561 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment for solid tumor malignancies, which constitute the majority of human cancers, is still dominated by surgery and radiotherapies. This is especially true for many localized solid tumors, which are often curable with these treatments. However, metastatic cancers are beyond the reach of these therapies, and many localized cancers that are initially treated with surgery and radiation will recur and metastasize. Thus, for over 60years there has been a concerted effort to develop effective drug treatments for metastatic cancers. Combination therapies are an increasingly important part of the anti-cancer drug armamentarium. In the case of cytotoxic chemotherapy, multi-drug regimens rapidly became the norm, as the earliest single agents were relatively ineffective. In contrast to chemotherapy, where combination therapies were required in order to achieve treatment efficacy, for both hormonal and targeted therapies the impetus to move toward the use of combination therapies is to prevent or reverse the development of treatment resistance. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that combination therapy may also improve cancer treatment by neutralizing an emerging treatment side effect termed therapy-induced metastasis, which accompanies some effective single agent therapies. Finally, although gene therapy is still far from use in the clinic, we propose that combination therapies may enhance its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent L Nastiuk
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - John J Krolewski
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Center for Personalized Medicine, United States; Department of Cancer Genetics, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States.
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40
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Wang G, Chen L, Yu B, Zellmer L, Xu N, Liao DJ. Learning about the Importance of Mutation Prevention from Curable Cancers and Benign Tumors. J Cancer 2016; 7:436-45. [PMID: 26918057 PMCID: PMC4749364 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Some cancers can be cured by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, presumably because they are derived from those cell types that not only can die easily but also have already been equipped with mobility and adaptability, which would later allow the cancers to metastasize without the acquisition of additional mutations. From a viewpoint of biological dispersal, invasive and metastatic cells may, among other possibilities, have been initial losers in the competition for resources with other cancer cells in the same primary tumor and thus have had to look for new habitats in order to survive. If this is really the case, manipulation of their ecosystems, such as by slightly ameliorating their hardship, may prevent metastasis. Since new mutations may occur, especially during and after therapy, to drive progression of cancer cells to metastasis and therapy-resistance, preventing new mutations from occurring should be a key principle for the development of new anticancer drugs. Such new drugs should be able to kill cancer cells very quickly without leaving the surviving cells enough time to develop new mutations and select resistant or metastatic clones. This principle questions the traditional use and the future development of genotoxic drugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangshi Wang
- 1. Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Lichan Chen
- 2. Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Baofa Yu
- 3. Beijing Baofa Cancer Hospital, Shahe Wangzhuang Gong Ye Yuan, Chang Pin Qu, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Lucas Zellmer
- 2. Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- 4. Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - D Joshua Liao
- 5. D. Joshua Liao, Clinical Research Center, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guizhou, Guiyang 550004, P.R. China
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41
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Heparanase-neutralizing antibodies attenuate lymphoma tumor growth and metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:704-9. [PMID: 26729870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519453113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparanase is an endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate side chains of proteoglycans, resulting in disassembly of the extracellular matrix underlying endothelial and epithelial cells and associating with enhanced cell invasion and metastasis. Heparanase expression is induced in carcinomas and sarcomas, often associating with enhanced tumor metastasis and poor prognosis. In contrast, the function of heparanase in hematological malignancies (except myeloma) was not investigated in depth. Here, we provide evidence that heparanase is expressed by human follicular and diffused non-Hodgkin's B-lymphomas, and that heparanase inhibitors restrain the growth of tumor xenografts produced by lymphoma cell lines. Furthermore, we describe, for the first time to our knowledge, the development and characterization of heparanase-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that inhibit cell invasion and tumor metastasis, the hallmark of heparanase activity. Using luciferase-labeled Raji lymphoma cells, we show that the heparanase-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies profoundly inhibit tumor load in the mouse bones, associating with reduced cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Notably, we found that Raji cells lack intrinsic heparanase activity, but tumor xenografts produced by this cell line exhibit typical heparanase activity, likely contributed by host cells composing the tumor microenvironment. Thus, the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies attenuate lymphoma growth by targeting heparanase in the tumor microenvironment.
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Liu X, Cheng B, Meng T, You J, Zhu Y, Lu B, Yuan H, Huang X, Hu F. Synthesis and biological application of BKT-140 peptide modified polymer micelles for treating tumor metastasis with an enhanced cell internalization. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01807b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A modification of CSOSA micelles with BKT-140 increased receptor-mediated cell uptake and anti-metastasis effect in the CXCR4 high expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy
- School of Medicine Science
- Jiaxing University
- Zhejiang 314001
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- People's Republic of China
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Γ-Ionizing radiation-induced activation of the EGFR-p38/ERK-STAT3/CREB-1-EMT pathway promotes the migration/invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells and is inhibited by podophyllotoxin acetate. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7315-25. [PMID: 26671552 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a new intracellular signaling pathway involved in γ-ionizing radiation (IR)-induced migration/invasion and show that podophyllotoxin acetate (PA) inhibits the IR-induced invasion and migration of A549 cells (a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line). Our results revealed that IR increased the invasion/migration of A549 cells, and this effect was decreased by 10 nM PA treatment. PA also inhibited the expressions/activities of matrix metalloprotase (MMP) -2, MMP-9, and vimentin, suggesting that PA could block the IR-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The IR-induced increases in invasion/migration were associated with the activation of EGFR-AKT, and PA inhibited this effect. P38 and p44/42 ERK were also involved in IR-induced invasion/migration, and combined treatments with PA plus inhibitors of each MAPK synergistically blocked this invasion/migration. In terms of transcription factors (TFs), IR-induced increases in cyclic AMP response element-binding protein-1 (CREB-1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) increased invasion/migration and EMT. PA also inhibited these transcription factors and then blocked IR-induced invasion/migration. Collectively, these results indicate that IR induces cancer cell invasion/migration by activating the EGFR-p38/ERK-CREB-1/STAT3-EMT pathway and that PA blocks this pathway to inhibit IR-induced invasion/migration.
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