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Zheng W, Guo Y, Kahar A, Bai J, Zhu Q, Huang X, Li Y, Xu B, Jia X, Wu G, Zhang C, Zhu Y. RUNX1-induced upregulation of PTGS2 enhances cell growth, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11670. [PMID: 38778047 PMCID: PMC11111780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises via the progressive accumulation of dysregulation in key genes including oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called COX2) acts as an oncogenic driver in CRC. Here, we explored the upstream transcription factors (TFs) responsible for elevating PTGS2 expression in CRC cells. The results showed that PTGS2 silencing repressed cell growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells. The two fragments (499-981 bp) and (1053-1434 bp) were confirmed as the core TF binding profiles of the PTGS2 promoter. PTGS2 expression positively correlated with RUNX1 level in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) samples using the TCGA-COAD dataset. Furthermore, RUNX1 acted as a positive regulator of PTGS2 expression by promoting transcriptional activation of the PTGS2 promoter via the 1086-1096 bp binding motif. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PTGS2 upregulation induced by the TF RUNX1 promotes CRC cell growth, migration and invasion, providing an increased rationale for the use of PTGS2 inhibitors in CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Yingchang Guo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Aihemaiti Kahar
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Qinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangcai People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463800, Henan, China
| | - Xinli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Suiping People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463100, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Bingyi Xu
- Weihui People's Hospital, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Xueshan Jia
- Development Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Yuanzeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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2
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Wu Z, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Li J, Li F, Wang C, Shi L, Qin G, Zhan W, Cai Y, Xie X, Ling J, Hu H, Zhang J, Deng Y. PD-1 blockade plus COX inhibitors in dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer: Clinical, genomic, and immunologic analyses from the PCOX trial. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00206-X. [PMID: 38795703 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 20% of patients with DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer do not respond to anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligand therapy, and baseline biomarkers of response are lacking. METHODS We conducted a phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. The secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate, duration of response, and safety. FINDINGS A total of 30 patients were enrolled, and the objective response rate was 73.3%, meeting the predefined endpoint of 68%. The median PFS and median OS were not reached at a median follow-up period of 50.8 months. Disease control was achieved in 28 patients (93.3%). The median duration of response was not reached. The combination was well tolerated. Multiomics analysis revealed that the antigen processing and presentation pathway was positively associated with treatment response and PFS. Higher TAPBP expression was predictive of better PFS (log-rank p = 0.003), and this prognostic significance was confirmed in an immunotherapy validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Thus, COX inhibitors combined with PD-1 blockade may be effective and safe treatment options for patients with dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer, and TAPBP may serve as a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (this study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03638297). FUNDING Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81974369) and the program of Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases (2020B1111170004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yuanzhe Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jianxia Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Fangqian Li
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Lishuo Shi
- Clinical Research Centre, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Ge Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Weixiang Zhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jiayu Ling
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Huabin Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Caldas ÁMC, Nunes WA, Taboada R, Cesca MG, Germano JN, Riechelmann RP. Loss of CDX2 and high COX2 ( PTGS2) expression in metastatic colorectal cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 2024; 18:1666. [PMID: 38439814 PMCID: PMC10911677 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2024.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lack of expression of the tumour suppressor gene caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) associates with poor outcomes in early stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Yet its prognostic value in the context of other prognostic biomarkers in metastatic CRC (mCRC) is unknown. Overexpressed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) has been reported in advanced CRC. However, CDX2 and COX2 relationship in mCRC remains undetermined. We aimed to assess their expression in mCRC tumours from a clinically characterised cohort and their influence on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in first line. Among 720 consecutive mCRC patients, 346 had tumour samples appropriate for tissue microarray assembly and immunohistochemistry analyses. Clinical and survival data were retrospectively assessed. Loss of CDX2 expression was detected in 27 (7.8%) samples, enriched in poorly differentiated tumours (20%; p < 0.01) and in those with the BRAF p.V600E variant (40%; p < 0.01). Most tumours (93.4%) expressed COX2. COX2-negative samples were enriched in poorly differentiated mCRC. In unadjusted analyses, median OS (p < 0.001) and median PFS (p < 0.05) were inferior for patients with CDX2-negative versus CDX2-positive tumours. In conclusion, loss of CDX2 was significantly associated with poorly differentiated mCRC and BRAF p.V600E allele and a prognostic marker of worse OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro M C Caldas
- Department of Clinical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Warley A Nunes
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Taboada
- Department of Clinical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelle G Cesca
- Department of Clinical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Janaína N Germano
- Statistic Group at the International Research Center (CIPE), AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
| | - Rachel P Riechelmann
- Department of Clinical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-900, Brazil
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Zhang W, Li Z, Li H, Zhang D. Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with ferroptosis in Crohn's disease. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:89. [PMID: 38274342 PMCID: PMC10809353 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis-related genes may play a critical regulatory role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of the present study was to identify genes expressed in CD that are associated with ferroptosis, and to provide guidance in the diagnosis and therapy of CD. CD mRNA expression data were initially gathered from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GSE75214 and GSE102133 datasets were selected as the major targets and were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, R software was used to analyze the common genes among the DEGs between CD and ferroptosis-related genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway analysis were conducted to identify related pathways and functions. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed to identify target genes. The DSigDB website was used to predict potential target drugs for hub genes. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR was employed to detect the expression of these ferroptosis-related genes in clinical samples obtained from healthy controls and patients with CD. According to the two GEO datasets, 13 ferroptosis DEGs (11 upregulated genes and two downregulated genes) were identified in CD with thresholds of P<0.05 and |log2 fold change|>1, and were selected for further analysis. PPI analysis indicated the mutual effects among these genes and filtered out five hub genes. The top 10 potential targeted drugs were selected. The qPCR results showed that the expression levels of three genes, namely, IL-6, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), were different between CD samples and healthy samples. This result was consistent with the results obtained from the bioinformatics analysis. In conclusion, bioinformatics analysis identified a total of 13 ferroptosis-associated genes in CD. Further verification by qPCR showed that IL-6, PTGS2 and DUOX2 may affect the process of CD by regulating ferroptosis. These findings might provide new biomarkers, diagnostic and therapeutic markers for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Zhang
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoshui Li
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of The First General Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Dianliang Zhang
- Department of The First General Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
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5
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Li J, Jiang S, Huang C, Lu B, Yang X. Identification and validation of genes associated with aging-related cardiovascular disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23370. [PMID: 38168496 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301270rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Aging is acknowledged as the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to identify and validate potential aging-related genes associated with CVD by using bioinformatics. The confluence of the limma test, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and 2129 aging and senescence-associated genes led to the identification of aging-related differential expression genes (ARDEGs). By using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), potential biological roles and pathways of ARDEGs were identified. To find the significantly different functions between CVD and non-cardiovascular disease (nCVD) and to reckon the processes score, enrichment analysis of all genes was carried out using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA). By using GO and KEGG, potential biological roles and pathways of ARDEGs were identified. To evaluate the immune cell composition of the immune microenvironment, we performed an immune infiltration analysis on the dataset from the training group. We were able to acquire four ARDEGs (PTGS2, MMP9, HBEGF, and FN1). Aging, cellular senescence, and nitric oxide signal transduction were selected for biological function analysis. The diagnostic value of the four ARDEGs in distinguishing CVD from nCVD samples was deemed to be favorable. This research identified four ARDEGs that are associated with CVD. This study provides insight into prospective novel biomarkers for aging-related CVD diagnosis and progression monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shengping Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chengyun Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Baihui Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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6
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Lin RC, Chao YY, Su MT, Tsai HL, Tsai PY, Wang CY. Upregulation of miR-20b-5p inhibits trophoblast invasion by blocking autophagy in recurrent miscarriage. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110934. [PMID: 37871665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent miscarriage is defined as more than three pregnancy failures occurring before 20 weeks of gestation. Poor differentiation of the endometrial stroma or defective trophoblast cell invasion at the maternal-fetal interface leads to recurrent miscarriages. Several miRNAs, including miR-20b-5p, are aberrantly regulated in recurrent miscarriages; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Primary cilia are antenna-like organelles that coordinate signaling during development and differentiation. Defective primary cilia formation leads to complications, such as recurrent miscarriage or preeclampsia. Here, we demonstrated that miR-20b-5p inhibited trophoblast cell invasion by blocking primary cilia formation. Mechanistically, miR-20b-5p targeted and inhibited ATG16L1 and ATG7 expression, thereby blocking autophagy. Defective autophagy reduced primary cilia formation and stopped ERK activation, which is a crucial signaling pathway for trophoblast invasion. Aspirin is used to prevent recurrent miscarriages in clinical settings. Treatment with aspirin inhibited miR-20b-5p levels, thus restoring primary cilia formation and trophoblast invasion. Thus, our findings uncovered the molecular mechanism by which miR-20b-5p suppressed primary cilia formation and trophoblast invasion by reducing the expression of ATG16L1 and ATG7. Moreover, we found that the defective phenotypes could be rescued by aspirin in recurrent miscarriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Ci Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Tsz Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yin Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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7
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Deng H, Jia Q, Ming X, Sun Y, Lu Y, Liu L, Zhou J. Hippo pathway in intestinal diseases: focusing on ferroptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1291686. [PMID: 38130953 PMCID: PMC10734691 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer, has steadily increased over the past decades. The Hippo pathway is involved in cell proliferation, tissue and organ damage, energy metabolism, tumor formation, and other physiologic processes. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxides. The Hippo pathway and ferroptosis are associated with various intestinal diseases; however, the crosstalk between them is unclear. This review elaborates on the current research on the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis in the context of intestinal diseases. We summarized the connection between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which these pathways influence intestinal diseases. We speculate that a mutual regulatory mechanism exists between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis and these two pathways interact in several ways to regulate intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Nishibata T, Amino N, Tanaka-Kado R, Tsujimoto S, Kawashima T, Konagai S, Suzuki T, Takeuchi M. Blockade of EP4 by ASP7657 Modulates Myeloid Cell Differentiation In Vivo and Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Radiotherapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7133726. [PMID: 38058393 PMCID: PMC10697779 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7133726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is thought to influence the antitumor efficacy of immuno-oncology agents through various products of both tumor and stromal cells. One immune-suppressive factor is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a lipid mediator whose biosynthesis is regulated by ubiquitously expressed cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 1 and inducible COX-2. By activating its receptors, PGE2 induces immune suppression to modulate differentiation of myeloid cells into myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) rather than dendritic cells (DCs). Pharmacological blockade of prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4) causes a decrease in MDSCs, reprogramming of macrophage polarization, and increase in tumor-infiltrated T cells, leading to enhancement of antitumor immunity in preclinical models. Here, we report the effects of the highly potent EP4 antagonist ASP7657 on the DC population in tumor and antitumor immune activation in an immunocompetent mouse tumor model. Oral administration of ASP7657 inhibited tumor growth, which was accompanied by an increase in intratumor DC and CD8+ T cell populations and a decrease in the M-MDSC population in a CT26 immunocompetent mouse model. The antitumor activity of ASP7657 was dependent on CD8+ T cells and enhanced when combined with an antiprogrammed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody. Notably, ASP7657 also significantly enhanced the antitumor efficacy of radiotherapy in an anti-PD-1 antibody refractory model. These results indicate that the therapeutic potential of ASP7657 arises via upregulation of DCs and subsequent CD8+ T cell activation in addition to suppression of MDSCs in mouse models and that combining EP4 antagonists with radiotherapy or an anti-PD-1 antibody can improve antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Nishibata
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Amino
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Ruriko Tanaka-Kado
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Tsujimoto
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawashima
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konagai
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeuchi
- Immuno-oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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9
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Shi X, Yu J, Lu C, Luo Q, Xu C, Li J, Wang W. Screening of the shared pathogenic genes of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 28:e17878. [PMID: 37494129 PMCID: PMC10902564 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the high-risk pathogenic factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the shared gene and signalling mechanisms between UC and CRC remain unclear. The goal of this study was to delve more into the probable causal relationship between UC and CRC. CRC and UC datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Using R software and Perl, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both UC and CRC tissues were re-annotated and screened. The biological activities and signalling pathways involved in DEGs were investigated using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the gene interaction network. A total of 384 DEGs were selected for further investigation, and functional analysis revealed that inflammatory and immunological responses were crucial in the development of the two diseases. Moreover, the top 15 key genes involved in the UC and CRC were screened using cytoHubba, including IL1B, CXCL10, CCL20, MMP9, ICAM1, CCL4, CXCR1, MMP3, TLR2, PTGS2, IL1RN, IL6, COL1A2, TIMP1 and CXCL1. The identification of these genes in the present study may provide a novel perspective for the prediction, prevention and personalized medicine of UC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taicang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taicang, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Caihong Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Siyang Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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Duarte GCK, Pellenz F, Crispim D, Assmann TS. Integrated bioinformatics approach reveals methylation-regulated differentially expressed genes in obesity. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:e000604. [PMID: 37252693 PMCID: PMC10665070 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective To identify DNA methylation and gene expression profiles involved in obesity by implementing an integrated bioinformatics approach. Materials and methods Gene expression (GSE94752, GSE55200, and GSE48964) and DNA methylation (GSE67024 and GSE111632) datasets were obtained from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with obesity were identified using GEO2R. Methylation-regulated DEGs (MeDEGs) were identified by overlapping DEGs and DMGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with the STRING database and analyzed using Cytoscape. Functional modules and hub-bottleneck genes were identified by using MCODE and CytoHubba plugins. Functional enrichment analyses were performed based on Gene Ontology terms and KEGG pathways. To prioritize and identify candidate genes for obesity, MeDEGs were compared with obesity-related genes available at the DisGeNET database. Results A total of 54 MeDEGs were identified after overlapping the lists of significant 274 DEGs and 11,556 DMGs. Of these, 25 were hypermethylated-low expression genes and 29 were hypomethylated-high expression genes. The PPI network showed three hub-bottleneck genes (PTGS2, TNFAIP3, and FBXL20) and one functional module. The 54 MeDEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of fibroblast growth factor production, the molecular function of arachidonic acid, and ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. Data collected from DisGeNET showed that 11 of the 54 MeDEGs were involved in obesity. Conclusion This study identifies new MeDEGs involved in obesity and assessed their related pathways and functions. These results data may provide a deeper understanding of methylation-mediated regulatory mechanisms of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Coutinho Kullmann Duarte
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Felipe Pellenz
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil,
| | - Tais Silveira Assmann
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Colard-Thomas J, Thomas QD, Viala M. Comedications with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Involvement of the Microbiota, Impact on Efficacy and Practical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082276. [PMID: 37190203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been a major breakthrough in solid oncology over the past decade. The immune system and the gut microbiota are involved in their complex mechanisms of action. However, drug interactions have been suspected of disrupting the fine equilibrium necessary for optimal ICI efficacy. Thus, clinicians are facing a great deal of sometimes contradictory information on comedications with ICIs and must at times oppose conflicting objectives between oncological response and comorbidities or complications. We compiled in this review published data on the role of the microbiota in ICI efficacy and the impact of comedications. We found mostly concordant results on detrimental action of concurrent corticosteroids, antibiotics, and proton pump inhibitors. The timeframe seems to be an important variable each time to preserve an initial immune priming at ICIs initiation. Other molecules have been associated with improved or impaired ICIs outcomes in pre-clinical models with discordant conclusions in retrospective clinical studies. We gathered the results of the main studies concerning metformin, aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, beta blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, opioids, and statins. In conclusion, one should always assess the necessity of concomitant treatment according to evidence-based recommendations and discuss the possibility of postponing ICI initiation or switching strategies to preserve the critical window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Colard-Thomas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier (UM), 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Quentin Dominique Thomas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier (UM), 34090 Montpellier, France
- Oncogenic Pathways in Lung Cancer, Montpellier Cancer Research Institute (IRCM) INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier (UM), 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Viala
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier (UM), 34090 Montpellier, France
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Jin Z, Luo Y, Zhao H, Cui J, He W, Li J, Pi J, Qing L, Wu W. Qingre Huoxue Decoction regulates macrophage polarisation to attenuate atherosclerosis through the inhibition of NF-κB signalling-mediated inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115787. [PMID: 36206868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Qingre Huoxue Decoction (QRHX) is an herbal formula used for the prevention and treatment of AS. However, the potential mechanism of QRHX is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY In our study, RNA sequencing combined with preclinical models were used to analyse the effect and mechanism of QRHX for the treatment of AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS For in vivo studies, ApoE-/- mice were fed with a high-fat diet to induce AS. We measured weight, blood lipid, inflammatory cytokines, lipid deposition, plaque, and the M1/M2 macrophage. For in vitro studies, RAW264.7 were induced by lipopolysaccharides and treated with different concentrations of QRHX. We focusd on the relationship between QRHX, the NF-κB pathway, and macrophage polarisation, and performed simultaneous RNA sequencing both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS In vivo, QRHX decreased weight, improved blood lipid, relieved the degree of lipid deposition, reduced plaque area, decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, NLRP3, and TNFα), down-regulated the expression of iNOS, and up-regulated the expression of Arg-1. In vitro, QRHX down-regulated M1 markers, iNOS and CCR7, with lower concentrations of IL-1β; furthermore, QRHX up-regulated M2 markers, Arg-1, CD163, Ym-1, and Fizz-1, with higher concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10. RNA sequencing of both samples in vivo and in vitro suggested that NF-κB was the target pathway of QRHX to regulate macrophage polarisation; this result was validated at the gene and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS QRHX induced M2 polarisation, reduced an inflammatory response, and played a role in stabilising plaque by mediating the NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jin
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Huanyi Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Jiayan Cui
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Junlong Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Jianbin Pi
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, 528099, China
| | - Lijin Qing
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
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Wu L, Zhou Y, Fu J. KIAA1429 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression by Mediating m6A Modification of PTGS2. Crit Rev Immunol 2023; 43:15-27. [PMID: 37830191 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of a N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase KIAA1429 participates in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study is aimed to explore the function of KIAA1429 in NPC progression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to confirm the mRNA expression in NPC by bioinformatic analysis. The levels of KIAA1429 and PTGS2 was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. To investigate the effects of KIAA1429/PTGS2 knockdown or overexpression vectors on NPC cell malignancy, cell and animal experiments were performed. Finally, MeRIP and mRNA stability assays were used to verify the m6A modification and mRNA stability, respectively. KIAA1429 was upregulated in NPC tissues and cells. After transfecting KIAA1429 knockdown or overexpression vectors in NPC cells, we proved that KIAA1429 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth, whereas KIAA1429 knockdown showed the opposite effect. Our results also indicated that KIAA1429 mediated m6A modification of PTGS2, enhancing PTGS2 mRNA stability in NPC cells. In addition, PTGS2 could also regulate the effects of KIAA1429 on NPC cell malignancy. This study confirmed the oncogenic function of KIAA1429 in NPC through m6A-modification of PTGS2, suggesting that targeting KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification of PTGS2 might provide a new therapeutic strategy for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Airborne Army Hospital, Wuhan 430012, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanhong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Airborne Army Hospital, Wuhan 430012, Hubei, China
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Yuan Q, Zhang H. Identification of differentially expressed genes and pathways in BEAS-2B cells upon long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM 2.5) from biomass combustion using bioinformatics analysis. Environ Health Prev Med 2023; 28:51. [PMID: 37722877 PMCID: PMC10519835 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to PM2.5 from burning domestic substances has been linked to an increased risk of lung disease, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study is to explore the hub genes and pathways involved in PM2.5 toxicity in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. METHODS The GSE158954 dataset is downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package in RStudio (version 4.2.1). In addition, DEGs analysis was performed by Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, MCODE plug-in and the cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape software was used to identify the hub genes. Finally, CytoHubba and DEGs were used to integrate the hub genes, and preliminary validation was performed by comparing the toxicology genomics database (CTD). Differential immune cell infiltration was investigated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. RESULTS A total of 135 DEGs were identified, of which 57 were up-regulated and 78 were down-regulated. Functional enrichment analyses in the GO and KEGG indicated the potential involvement of DEGs was mainly enriched in the regulation of endopeptidase activity and influenza A. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that Chemical Carcinogenesis - DNA adducts were remarkably enriched in PM2.5 groups. 53 nodes and 198 edges composed the PPI network. Besides, 5 direct-acting genes were filtered at the intersection of cytohubba plug-in, MCODE plug-in and CTD database. There is a decreasing trend of dendritic cells resting after BEAS-2B cells long-term exposure to PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS The identified DEGs, modules, pathways, and hub genes provide clues and shed light on the potential molecular mechanisms of BEAS-2B cells upon long-term exposure to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, 523120, China
| | - Haiqiao Zhang
- Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, 523120, China
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15
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Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis of the Potential Biological Mechanisms of Coix Seed against Colorectal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9261768. [PMID: 36248436 PMCID: PMC9560812 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9261768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the potential biological mechanisms of coix seed in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on network pharmacology analysis. Methods The active components of coix seed and their potential action targets were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). The disease targets related to CRC were obtained from the DisGeNET database. The intersection targets of the drug targets and disease targets were selected, and a component-target-disease network was built using Cytoscape 3.8.0 tool. A global network of the core target protein interactions was constructed using String database. Biological function analysis and pathway enrichment analysis of core targets were conducted to explore the potential. Results A total of nine active components were obtained from the TCMSP database corresponding to 37 targets. Further analysis showed that 18 overlapping targets were associated with CRC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was conducted based on the 18 targets and 11 significantly enriched signaling pathways implicated in CRC were identified. Conclusion The multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of coix seed are preliminarily verified, and the potential biological mechanisms of coix seed in the treatment of CRC are predicted, which provides a theoretical basis for the experimental research.
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Janani B, Vijayakumar M, Priya K, Kim JH, Geddawy A, Shahid M, El-Bidawy MH, Al-Ghamdi S, Alsaidan M, Abdelzaher MH, Mohideen AP, Ramesh T. A network-based pharmacological investigation to identify the mechanistic regulatory pathway of andrographolide against colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:967262. [PMID: 36110531 PMCID: PMC9468871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.967262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer treatments have posed numerous obstacles, including toxicity, multiple drug resistance, and financial cost. On the contrary, bioactive phytochemicals used in complementary alternative medicine have recently increased attention due to their potential to modulate a wide range of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Therefore, we investigated the potential regulatory mechanisms of andrographolide to treat colorectal cancer (CRC) using a network pharmacology approach. Target genes of andrographolide were retrieved from public databases (PharmMapper, Swiss target prediction, Targetnet, STITCH, and SuperPred), while targets related to CRC were retrieved from disease databases (Genecards and DisGeNet) and expression datasets (GSE32323 and GSE8671) were retrieved from gene expression omnibus (GEO). Protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were generated using STRING and Cytoscape, and hub genes were identified by topology analysis and MCODE. Annotation of target proteins was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) database DAVID and signaling pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia and Genome Database (KEGG). Survival and molecular docking analysis for the hub genes revealed three genes (PDGFRA, PTGS2, and MMP9) were involved in the overall survival of CRC patients, and the top three genes with the lowest binding energy include PDGFRA, MET, and MAPK1. MET gene upregulation and PDGFRA and PTGS2 gene downregulation are associated with the survival of CRC patients, as revealed by box plots and correlation analysis. In conclusion, this study has provided the first scientific evidence to support the use of andrographolide to inhibit cellular proliferation, migration, and growth, and induce apoptosis by targeting the hub genes (PDGFRA, PTGS2, MMP9, MAPK1, and MET) involved in CRC migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakarthikeyan Janani
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kannappan Priya
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- *Correspondence: Kannappan Priya, ; Thiyagarajan Ramesh,
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ayman Geddawy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud H. El-Bidawy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameer Al-Ghamdi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsaidan
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hassan Abdelzaher
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abubucker Peer Mohideen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Kannappan Priya, ; Thiyagarajan Ramesh,
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Peripheral Inflammatory Indexes Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as Prognostic Biomarkers in Advanced Solitary Fibrous Tumour (SFT) Treated with Pazopanib. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174186. [PMID: 36077723 PMCID: PMC9454647 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib was assessed prospectively in the GEIS-32 phase II study (NCT02066285) on advanced solitary fibrous tumour (SFT), resulting in a longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with historical controls treated with chemotherapy. A retrospective analysis of peripheral inflammatory indexes in patients enrolled into GEIS-32 was performed to evaluate their prognostic and predictive value. Patients received pazopanib 800 mg/day as the first antiangiogenic line. The impacts of baseline neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and red cell distribution width (RDW) on PFS, OS, and Choi response were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. Metastasis-free interval (MFI), mitotic count, and ECOG were also included as potential prognostic factors. Sixty-seven SFT patients, enrolled in this study, showed a median age of 63 years and a female/male distribution of 57/43. The median follow-up from treatment initiation was 16.8 months. High baseline NLR, PLR, and standardised RDW were significantly associated with worse PFS and OS. NLR, RDW, MFI, and mitotic count were independent variables for PFS, while RDW and ECOG were independent for OS. Further, NLR and mitotic count were independent factors for Choi response. High baseline NLR and RDW values were independent prognostic biomarkers for worse outcome in advanced SFT patients treated with pazopanib.
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Pi C, Jing P, Li B, Feng Y, Xu L, Xie K, Huang T, Xu X, Gu H, Fang J. Reversing PD-1 Resistance in B16F10 Cells and Recovering Tumour Immunity Using a COX2 Inhibitor. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174134. [PMID: 36077671 PMCID: PMC9455073 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is an effective method for tumour treatment. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies play a significant role in immunotherapy of most tumours; however, some patients develop drug resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) is expressed in various solid tumours, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) drives the development of malignant tumours. We developed a drug-resistant B16F10 (B16F10-R) tumour mouse model through four rounds of selection in vivo. Subsequently, we investigated changes in PD-L1 expression and lymphocyte infiltration in B16F10-NR and B16F10-R tumours. Additionally, we explored the role of COX2 in acquired resistance to pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 treatment. Immune cell infiltration was significantly decreased in resistant tumours compared to B16F10-NR tumours; however, ptgs2 gene expression was significantly elevated in resistant tumours. Aspirin or celecoxib combined with pembrolizumab can effectively reverse tumour drug resistance. In addition, ptgs2 knockout or the use of the EP4 inhibitor E7046 abrogated drug resistance to anti-PD-1 treatment in B16F10-R tumour cells. Our study showed that inhibition of the COX2/PGE2/EP4 axis could increase the number of immune cells infiltrating the tumour microenvironment and recover drug-resistant tumour sensitivity to pembrolizumab. Thus, we highlight COX2 inhibition as a promising therapeutic target for drug-resistant tumours for future consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Pi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Jing
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- College of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- College of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Kun Xie
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hua Gu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-021-6598-2878 (H.G. & J.F.)
| | - Jianmin Fang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Biomedical Research Center, Suzhou 230031, China
- Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Shanghai 200065, China
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-021-6598-2878 (H.G. & J.F.)
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Zhang D, Wang Z, Li J, Zhu J. Exploring the possible molecular targeting mechanism of Saussurea involucrata in the treatment of COVID-19 based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105549. [PMID: 35751193 PMCID: PMC9035664 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology, the treatment of Saussurea involucrata (SAIN) on novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was evaluated by the GEO clinical sample gene difference analysis, compound-target molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. role in the discovery of new targets for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19, to better serve the discovery and clinical application of new drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Taking the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) as the starting point for the preliminary selection of compounds and targets, we used tools such as Cytoscape 3.8.0, TBtools 1.098, AutoDock vina, R 4.0.2, PyMol, and GROMACS to analyze the compounds of SAIN and targets were initially screened. To further screen the active ingredients and targets, we carried out genetic difference analysis (n = 72) through clinical samples of COVID-19 derived from GEO and carried out biological process (BP) analysis on these screened targets (P ≤ 0.05)., gene = 9), KEGG pathway analysis (FDR≤0.05, gene = 9), protein interaction network (PPI) analysis (gene = 9), and compounds-target-pathway network analysis (gene = 9), to obtain the target Point-regulated biological processes, disease pathways, and compounds-target-pathway relationships. Through the precise molecular docking between the compounds and the targets, we further screened SAIN's active ingredients (Affinity ≤ -7.2 kcal/mol) targets and visualized the data. After that, we performed molecular dynamics simulations and consulted a large number of related Validation of the results in the literature. RESULTS Through the screening, analysis, and verification of the data, it was finally confirmed that there are five main active ingredients in SAIN, which are Quercitrin, Rutin, Caffeic acid, Jaceosidin, and Beta-sitosterol, and mainly act on five targets. These targets mainly regulate Tuberculosis, TNF signaling pathway, Alzheimer's disease, Pertussis, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Influenza A, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Complement and coagulation cascades, Fructose and mannose metabolism, and Metabolic pathways, play a role in preventing or treating COVID-19. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the four active ingredients of SAIN, Quercitrin, Rutin, Caffeic acid, and Jaceosidin, act on the four target proteins of COVID-19, AKR1B1, C5AR1, GSK3B, and IL1B to form complexes that can be very stable in the human environment. Tertiary structure exists. CONCLUSION Our study successfully explained the effective mechanism of SAIN in improving COVID-19, and at the same time predicted the potential targets of SAIN in the treatment of COVID-19, AKR1B1, IL1B, and GSK3B. It provides a new basis and provides great support for subsequent research on COVID-19.
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Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of Modified Liu Jun Zi Decoction in the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7536042. [PMID: 35754680 PMCID: PMC9232340 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7536042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although modified Liu Jun Zi decoction (MLD) has favorable outcomes for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in clinics, the identification of its active ingredients and the molecular mechanism of pharmacology are still unknown and need to be solved urgently. In the study, we screened 170 active components of MLD based on oral bioavailability ≥30% and drug-likeness ≥0.18 via the TCMSP platform. We further establish a dataset containing 315 CAG targets from PharmGkb, GeneCard, OMIM, DrugBank database, and Therapeutic Target database. Network pharmacology found that there are 110 active components of MLD and 26 potential targets for CAG in the “ingredient-target” network. The results of gene ontology analysis show that these targets are involved mainly in reactive oxygen species metabolic process, regulation of vasculature development, and T cell activation. KEGG pathways analysis indicates that these signaling pathways in the treatment of CAG include HIF-1 signaling pathway, neurodegeneration-multiple diseases pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Finally, docking of the active component quercetin and clinical medicine Omeprazole with the core targets was carried out. We found that quercetin, a crucial active ingredient in MLD, has good binding activity with potential targets of CAG, and its molecular conformation is stable, which is better than the binding energy of Omeprazole. So, the active ingredients of MLD exhibit good potential drugs for the treatment of CAG.
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Jiao C, Yun H, Liang H, Lian X, Li S, Chen J, Qadir J, Yang BB, Xie Y. An active ingredient isolated from Ganoderma lucidum promotes burn wound healing via TRPV1/SMAD signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5376-5389. [PMID: 35696640 PMCID: PMC9320545 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicine and G. lucidum spore oil (GLSO) is the lipid fraction isolated from Ganoderma spores. We examined the effect of GLSO on burn wound healing in mice. Following wounding, GLSO was applied on the wounds twice daily. Repair analysis was performed by Sirius-Red-staining at different time points. Cell proliferation and migration assays were performed to verify the effect of GLSO on growth. Network pharmacology analysis to identify possible targets was also carried out, followed by Western blotting, nuclear translocation, cell proliferation, and immunofluorescence assays for in-depth investigation of the mechanism. Our study showed that GLSO significantly promoted cell proliferation, and network pharmacology analysis suggested that GLSO might act through transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1)/SMAD signaling. Furthermore, GLSO elevated SMAD2/3 expression in skin burn and promoted its nuclear translocation, and TRPV1 expression was also increased upon exposure to GLSO. Cell proliferation and immunofluorescence assays with TRPV1 inhibitor showed that GLSO accelerated skin burn wound healing through TRPV1 and SMADs signaling, which provides a foundation for clinical application of GLSO in the healing of deep skin burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Jiao
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, P. R. China
| | - Hao Yun
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, P. R. China
| | - Huijia Liang
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Lian
- Guangdong Yuewei Bioscience Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526000, P. R. China
| | - Shunxian Li
- Guangdong Yuewei Bioscience Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526000, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, P. R. China
| | - Javeria Qadir
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yizhen Xie
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, P. R. China
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22
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Wang W, Ning Y, Wang Y, Deng G, Pace S, Barth SA, Menge C, Zhang K, Dai Y, Cai Y, Chen X, Werz O. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Induced Upregulation of the COX-2/mPGES-1 Pathway in Human Macrophages Is Abrogated by Sulfasalazine. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849583. [PMID: 35663935 PMCID: PMC9160237 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the primary human host cells of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection, where the magnitude of inflammatory reactions is crucial for determining the outcome of infection. Previously, we showed that the anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine (SASP) significantly reduced the M.tb bactericidal burden and histopathological inflammation in mice. Here, we asked which genes in human inflammatory macrophages are affected upon infection with M.tb and how would potential changes impact the functional state of macrophages. We used a flow cytometry sorting system which can distinguish the dead and alive states of M.tb harbored in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). We found that the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 increased significantly in tagRFP+ MDM which were infected with alive M.tb. After exposure of polarized M1-MDM to M.tb (H37Rv strain)-conditioned medium (MTB-CM) or to the M.tb-derived 19-kD antigen, the production of PGE2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines increased 3- to 4-fold. Upon treatment of M1-MDM with SASP, the MTB-CM-induced expression of COX-2 and the release of COX products and cytokines decreased. Elevation of PGE2 in M1-MDM upon MTB-CM stimulation and modulation by SASP correlated with the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Together, infection of human macrophages by M.tb strongly induces COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression along with massive PGE2 formation which is abrogated by the anti-inflammatory drug SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yejun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofang Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie A Barth
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut/Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Menge
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut/Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Jena, Germany
| | - Kehong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Youchao Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
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The Mechanism of Ginseng and Astragalus Decoction in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7731402. [PMID: 35341150 PMCID: PMC8941536 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7731402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The objective of our study is to explore the potential active ingredients and activity of Ginseng and Astragalus decoction (GAD) in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technologies. Methods The active ingredients and corresponding targets of Ginseng and Astragalus were extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. The relevant targets of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) were searched in the disease databases. Overlapping targets of Ginseng and Astragalus and the corresponding targets of MPE were obtained to define the effective target of GAD for the treatment of MPE. The STRING database was applied to construct a predicted protein-protein interaction network for intersected targets. The Cytoscape software was used to screen key targets with a therapeutic potential. Using the Metascape database, we performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment analysis on the targets identified in the study. PyMOL and AutoDock Vina were used to molecularly dock the selected key components to their respective key targets for MPE treatment. Results The core target network revealed 22 main active ingredients, 26 main targets, and 16 signaling pathways in GAD. Molecular docking revealed 6 targets (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, intercellular adhesion molecule, Jun proto-oncogene, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, and tumor necrosis factor) that could partially dock with kaempferol, frutinone A, ginsenoside RH2, formononetin, and quercetin. Conclusions Several components, targets, and signaling pathways of GAD contribute to the treatment of MPE, which suggests a rationale for further investigation on GAD's active molecule and mechanism of action in the clinical application of MPE.
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Zhang D, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li H, Zhang Y, Liu C, Han Z, Li J, Zhu J. Screening the components of Saussurea involucrata for novel targets for the treatment of NSCLC using network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:53. [PMID: 35227278 PMCID: PMC8886885 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saussurea involucrata (SAIN), also known as Snow lotus (SI), is mainly distributed in high-altitude areas such as Tibet and Xinjiang in China. To identify novel targets for the prevention or treatment of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUAD&LUSC), and to facilitate better alternative new drug discovery as well as clinical application services, the therapeutic effects of SAIN on LUAD&LUSC were evaluated by gene differential analysis of clinical samples, compound target molecular docking, and GROMACS molecular dynamics simulation. RESULTS Through data screening, alignment, analysis, and validation it was confirmed that three of the major active ingredients in SAIN, namely quercetin (Q), luteolin (L), and kaempferol (K), mainly act on six protein targets, which mainly regulate signaling pathways in cancer, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, adherens junction, IL-17 signaling pathway, melanoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. In addition, microRNAs in cancer exert preventive or therapeutic effects on LUAD&LUSC. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Q, L, or K in complex with EGFR, MET, MMP1, or MMP3 revealed the presence of Q in a very stable tertiary structure in the human body. CONCLUSION There are three active compounds of Q, L, and K in SAIN, which play a role in the treatment and prevention of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by directly or indirectly regulating the expression of genes such as MMP1, MMP3, and EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Tieying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Zhongqing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - He Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Yueyang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Chenggong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Zichao Han
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China.
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang street, Shihezi, 832003, PR China.
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25
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DING X, ZHU M, HOU Y. Comparative studies on the structure, biological activity and molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides from Craterellus cornucopioide (CC-M) and Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.ex Pers) Fisch (DI-Z). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.40421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang DING
- China West Normal University, China; China West Normal University, China
| | - Miao ZHU
- China West Normal University, China
| | - Yiling HOU
- China West Normal University, China; Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, China
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Chen G, Li L, Tao H. Bioinformatics Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Biomarkers and Therapeutic Compounds in Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:745240. [PMID: 34707562 PMCID: PMC8542983 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.745240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is one of the most common deadly diseases with an estimated 780,000 new cases globally, of which ischemic stroke accounts for over 80% of all cases. Ferroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death that plays a vital role in many diseases, including ischemic stroke and heart diseases. The role of the ferroptosis-related gene in the diagnosis, prognosis, or therapy of ischemic stroke was not fully clarified. Methods: Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ischemic stroke were identified by bioinformatic analysis of the GSE16561 and GSE22255 datasets. Subsequently, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) monofactor analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ferroptosis-related biomarkers in ischemic stroke. Results: A total of 10 ferroptosis-related DEGs were identified in ischemic stroke vs. normal control. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that these 10 ferroptosis-related DEGs were mainly enriched in response to oxidative stress, HIF-1 signaling pathway, ferroptosis, lipid, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, the random forest model suggested three ferroptosis-related biomarkers, namely, PTGS2, MAP1LC3B, and TLR4, for ischemic stroke. Interestingly, the expression of PTGS2, MAP1LC3B, and TLR4 was upregulated in ischemic stroke. ROC monofactor analysis demonstrated a good performance of MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. The expression and diagnostic value of MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 in ischemic stroke were also verified using GSE22255. We also revealed the transcription factor regulation network and co-expressed protein network of ferroptosis-related biomarkers. Several potential therapeutic compounds corresponding to MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 were also identified for ischemic stroke, including Zinc12503187 (Conivaptan), Zinc3932831 (Avodart), Zinc64033452 (Lumacaftor), Zinc11679756 (Eltrombopag), Zinc100378061 (Naldemedine), and Zinc3978005 (Dihydroergotamine). Conclusion: Our results suggested MAP1LC3B, PTGS2, and TLR4 as potential diagnostic biomarkers for ischemic stroke, providing more evidence about the vital role of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhong Chen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongmiao Tao
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
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Identification S100A9 as a potential biomarker in neuroblastoma. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7743-7753. [PMID: 34689294 PMCID: PMC8604885 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than half of Neuroblastoma (NB) patients presented with distant metastases and the relapse of metastatic patients was up to 90%. It is urgent to explore a biomarker that could facilitate the prediction of metastasis in NB patients. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we systematically analyzed Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and focused on identifying the critical molecular networks and novel key hub genes implicated in NB metastasis. In total, 176 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Based on these DEGs, a PPI network composed of 150 nodes and 452 interactions was established. Through PPI network identification combined with qRT-PCR, ELISA and IHC, S100A9 was screened as an outstanding gene. Furthermore, in vitro tumorigenesis assays demonstrated that S100A9 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of NB cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings suggested that S100A9 could participate in NB tumorigenesis and progression. In addition, S100A9 has the potential to be used as a promising clinical biomarker in the prediction of NB metastasis.
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Berbecka M, Forma A, Baj J, Furtak-Niczyporuk M, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. A Systematic Review of the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Expression in Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Preoperative Radiotherapy or Radiochemotherapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4443. [PMID: 34640461 PMCID: PMC8509380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this systematic review is to investigate the expression level of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in rectal cancer treated with either preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. In addition, we have summarized the effects of preoperative treatment of rectal cancer with regards to the expression levels of COX-2. A systematic literature review was performed in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases on 1 January 2021 with the usage of the following search string-(cyclooxygenase-2) OR (COX-2) AND (rectal cancer) AND (preoperative radiochemotherapy) OR (preoperative radiotherapy). Among the 176 included in the analysis, only 13 studies were included for data extraction with a total number of 2095 patients. The results of the analysis are based on the articles concerning the expression of COX-2 in rectal cancer among patients treated with preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. A COX-2 expression is an early event involved in rectal cancer development. In cases of negative COX-2 expression, radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy might contribute to the reduction of a local recurrence. Therefore, COX-2 may be considered as a biologic factor while selecting patients for more effective, less time-consuming and less expensive preoperative treatment. However, the utility of the administration of COX-2 inhibitors to patients with COX-2 overexpression, in an attempt to improve the patients' response rate to the neoadjuvant treatment, needs an assessment in further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Berbecka
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | | | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, St. John’s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Investigating the Mechanism of Scutellariae barbata Herba in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3905367. [PMID: 34381520 PMCID: PMC8352706 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3905367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, which accounts for approximately 10% of all diagnosed cancers and cancer deaths worldwide per year. Scutellariae barbatae Herba (SBH) is one of the most frequently used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of CRC. Although many experiments have been carried out to explain the mechanisms of SBH, the mechanisms of SBH have not been illuminated fully. Thus, we constructed a network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the mechanisms of SBH. Methods We adopted active constituent prescreening, target predicting, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, differentially expressed gene analysis, and molecular docking to establish a system pharmacology database of SBH against CRC. Results A total of 64 active constituents of SBH were obtained and 377 targets were predicted, and the result indicated that quercetin, luteolin, wogonin, and apigenin were the main active constituents of SBH. Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), pPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), Myc protooncogene protein (MYC), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2) were the major targets of SBH in the treatment of CRC. GO analysis illustrated that the core biological process regulated by SBH was the regulation of the cell cycle. Thirty pathways were presented and 8 pathways related to CRC were involved. Molecular docking presented the binding details of 3 key targets with 6 active constituents. Conclusions The mechanisms of SBH against CRC depend on the synergistic effect of multiple active constituents, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
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Liu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Yao X. Increased Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids and Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids After Treatment of Iodide Intake Adjustment and 1,25-Dihydroxy-Vitamin D 3 Supplementation in High Iodide Intake-Induced Hypothyroid Offspring Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:669652. [PMID: 34381374 PMCID: PMC8352438 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.669652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential role of fatty acids in high iodide intake-induced hypothyroidism and its complications and also in the intervention of iodide intake adjustment and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] supplementation. Methods: Pregnant rats were allocated to two groups, namely, normal iodide (NI, 7.5 μg/day) intake and 100 times higher-than-normal iodide (100 HI, 750 μg/day) intake. The offspring were continuously administered potassium iodide from weaning [i.e., postnatal day 21 (PN21)] to PN90. After PN90, the offspring were either administered iodide intake adjustment (7.5 μg/day) or 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation (5 μg·kg-1·day-1), or both, for 4 weeks. Thyroid function tests (free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyrotropin, thyroid peroxidase antibody, and thyroglobulin antibody), blood lipids (triglyceride, total cholesterol, free fatty acid, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and vitamin D3 (VD3) levels were detected by ELISA. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. Blood pressure was measured using a non-invasive tail-cuff system. The serum fatty acids profile was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: In the offspring rats with continued 100 HI administration, the levels of 8,9-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (8,9-DHET) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were decreased, while those of prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), prostaglandin B2 (PGB2), 4-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (4-HDoHE), 7-HDoHE, 8-HDoHE, and 20-HDoHE were increased. Significant correlations were found between PGB2, 8,9-DHET, 7-HDoHE levels and thyroid dysfunction, between PGJ2, 20-HDoHE, PGB2, 8,9-DHET levels and cardiac dysfunction, between PGJ2, 20-HDoHE levels and hypertension, between 4-HDoHE, 8-HDoHE, TXB2 levels and dyslipidemia, and between PGB2 and decreased VD3 level. After the treatment of iodide intake adjustment and 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation, the levels of 16-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (16-HETE), 18-HETE, 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET), 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, 14,15-EET, PGE2, 5-oxo-ETE, and 15-oxo-ETE were increased. The significant associations between PGE2, 16-HETE, 18-HETE and improved thyroid function and also between 5,6-EET, 11,12-EET, 14,15-EET, 16-HETE, 15-oxo-ETE and attenuated dyslipidemia were detected. Conclusion: Increased levels of prostaglandins (PGs) and HDoHEs and decreased levels of 8,9-DHET and TXB2 might occur in the progression of cardiac dysfunction, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in high iodide intake-induced hypothyroidism. The increased levels of EETs and HETEs might help to ameliorate these complications after iodide intake adjustment and 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Souza CLSE, Barbosa CD, Coelho HILN, Santos Júnior MN, Barbosa EN, Queiroz ÉC, Teles MF, Dos Santos DC, Bittencourt RS, Soares TDJ, Oliveira MV, Timenetsky J, Campos GB, Marques LM. Effects of 17β-Estradiol on Monocyte/Macrophage Response to Staphylococcus aureus: An In Vitro Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:701391. [PMID: 34336722 PMCID: PMC8317603 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.701391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To describe how 17β-estradiol (E2) influence in the monocyte/macrophage response induced by S. aureus in in vitro models of murine peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) and human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM). MPMs (2 x 105/ml) were isolated from sham (n=3) and ovariectomized (OVX) females (n = 3) and males (n = 3) after induction by thioglycolate. The MPMs obtained from OVX females and males were treated for 24 hours with 17β-estradiol (E2) (10-7 M), and after that, inoculation with S. aureus was carried out for 6 hours. The macrophages were collected and destined to evaluate the relative gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TLR2. For the in vitro model of HPBMs, six men and six women of childbearing age were selected and HPBMs were isolated from samples of the volunteers’ peripheral blood. In women, blood was collected both during menstruation and in the periovulatory period. HPBMs were inoculated with S. aureus for 6 hours and the supernatant was collected for analysis of cytokines by Luminex and the HPBMs were removed for analysis of 84 genes involved in the host’s response to bacterial infections by RT-PCR array. Previous treatment with E2 decreased the gene expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and decreased the expression of TLR2 tanto em MPMs quanto em HPBMs. The analysis of gene expression shows that E2 inhibited the NFκB pathway. It is suggested that 17β-estradiol acts as an immunoprotective in the monocyte/macrophage response induced by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Leal Silva E Souza
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.,Santo Agostinho School of Health (FASA), Santo Agostinho Colleges, Afya Educational, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Camila Dutra Barbosa
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Hanna I L N Coelho
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Manoel N Santos Júnior
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.,University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Elaine Novaes Barbosa
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Éllunny Chaves Queiroz
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Mauro Fernandes Teles
- Santo Agostinho School of Health (FASA), Santo Agostinho Colleges, Afya Educational, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Déborah Cruz Dos Santos
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Souza Bittencourt
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Telma de Jesus Soares
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Timenetsky
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Barreto Campos
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.,University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lin S, Shen Z, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Wang X. Expression profiles of radio-resistant genes in colorectal cancer cells. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Zhang Z. MiR-124-3p Suppresses Prostatic Carcinoma by Targeting PTGS2 Through the AKT/NF-κB Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:621-630. [PMID: 33893997 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
MiR-124-3p had shown its tumor-regulatory properties in different cancers, but its potential roles in prostatic carcinoma had not been clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the roles of miR-124-3p in the regulation of prostatic carcinoma. The expression levels of PTGS2 and miR-124-3p were detected in prostatic carcinoma tissues and cultivated cell lines with qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot, respectively. The interaction between miR-124-3p and PTGS2 was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot, MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry assays were performed to evaluate the mediatory roles of miR-124-3p in prostatic carcinoma cells and the involvement of molecular pathways. Both prostatic carcinoma tissues and cells expressed a lower level of miR-124-3p and a higher level of PTGS2. PTGS2 was confirmed to be a target of miR-124-3p. MiR-124-3p suppressed cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and enhanced apoptosis of prostatic carcinoma cells by directly sponging PTGS2 to inhibit the AKT/NF-κB pathway. These findings provided information that miR-124-3p exerted anti-tumor effects in prostatic carcinoma by targeting PTGS2 to inactivate the AKT/NF-κB pathway. MiR-124-3p might have the potential to become an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of prostatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Zhang
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Shengli Hospital of Dongying, No.107 Beier Road, Dongying District, Dongying, 257000, Shandong, China.
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Pu D, Yin L, Huang L, Qin C, Zhou Y, Wu Q, Li Y, Zhou Q, Li L. Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor: A Potential Combination Strategy With Immunotherapy in Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637504. [PMID: 33718229 PMCID: PMC7952860 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of immunotherapy is the milestone of cancer treatment. However, some patients have bad reaction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently expressed in multiple cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis. It is the key enzyme of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that has been proved to promote the development, proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. Recent studies further find the PGE2 in tumor microenvironment (TME) actively triggers tumor immune evasion via many ways, leading to poor response of immunotherapy. COX-2 inhibitor is suggested to restrain the immunosuppression of PGE2 and may enhance or reverse the response of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This review provides insight into the mechanism of COX-2/PGE2 signal in immunosuppressive TME and summarizes the clinical application and trials in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pu
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Yin
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changlong Qin
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Zhou
- Oncology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Center, Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shi X, Zhang H, Hu Y, Li X, Yin S, Xing R, Zhang N, Mao J, Wang P. Mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20983130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The molecular mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) was analyzed based on network pharmacology. Methods Active components and potential targets of SMRR were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. KOA targets were obtained from the OMIM, DisGeNET, DrugBank, PharmGKB, and GeneCards Databases. The potential targets of SMRR in the treatment of KOA were identified by the Venn diagram. A protein-protein interaction network was generated with the STRING database. Visualization of the interactions in a potential pharmacodynamic component-target network was accomplished with Cytoscape software. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery database and R software were used for Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation analyses of common targets. Molecular docking of the potential leading components, as determined by efficacy with the core target molecules, was performed with Discovery Studio. Results Fifty-seven potential pharmacodynamic components and 58 potential targets of SMRR in the treatment of KOA were found. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the interleukin (IL)-17, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways, as well as the advanced glycation end product-receptor for advanced glycation end product signaling pathway in cases of diabetic complications, are related to the molecular mechanism of SMRR in the treatment of KOA. Molecular docking results showed that luteolin, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, and other components of SMRR had a strong affinity for MYC, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, caspase-3 (CASP3), JUN, cyclin D1, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), protein kinase B, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and other targets. Conclusion SMRR indirectly regulates IL-17, HIF-1, TNF, and other signal transduction pathways by regulating the expression of proteins, including PTGS2, MAPK1, EGFR, and CASP3, thus playing a role in promoting chondrocyte proliferation, improving microcirculation, eliminating free radicals, and inhibiting inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haosheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Songjiang Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Runlin Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Nongshan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Carter JJ, Gardner JM, Poling BP, Welch MM, Nemeno JGE, Houghton JE, Dix RD. Transcriptional analysis of immune response genes during pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus retinitis in mice with murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1009032. [PMID: 33156834 PMCID: PMC7647057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an opportunistic human herpesvirus that causes a sight-threatening retinitis in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with AIDS. Using an established model of experimental murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) retinitis in mice with retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency (MAIDS), we have been attempting to define with greater clarity the immunologic mechanisms that contribute to the progression of AIDS-related HCMV retinitis in the unique immunosuppressive setting of HIV infection. Toward this end, we provide herein a comprehensive assessment of immune response gene expression during the onset and development of MAIDS-related MCMV retinitis employing NanoString nCounter. In so doing, we analyzed and compared the intraocular expressions of 561 immune response genes within MCMV-infected eyes of groups of healthy mice, MCMV-infected mice with MAIDS of 4 weeks' (MAIDS-4) duration, and MCMV-infected eyes of mice with MAIDS of 10 weeks' (MAIDS-10) duration. These animal groups show a progression of retinal disease from absolute resistance to retinitis development in healthy mice to the development of classic full-thickness retinal necrosis in MAIDS-10 mice but through an intermediate stage of retinal disease development in MAIDS-4 mice. Our findings showed that increased susceptibility to MCMV retinitis during the progression of MAIDS is associated with robust upregulation or downregulation of a surprisingly large number of immune response genes that operate within several immune response pathways often unique to each animal group. Analysis of 14 additional immune response genes associated with programmed cell death pathways suggested involvement of necroptosis and pyroptosis during MAIDS-related MCMV retinitis pathogenesis. Use of the NanoString nCounter technology provided new and unexpected information on the immunopathogenesis of retinitis within MCMV-infected eyes of mice with retrovirus-induced immunosuppression. Our findings may provide new insights into the immunologic events that operate during the pathogenesis of AIDS-related HCMV retinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J. Carter
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jesse M. Gardner
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Brent P. Poling
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Madeline M. Welch
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Judee Grace E. Nemeno
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John E. Houghton
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Dix
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Guo J, Wang M, Wang JP, Wu CX. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T knockdown suppresses hepatocellular tumorigenesis via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6386-6403. [PMID: 31798276 PMCID: PMC6881511 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i43.6386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is now the most common primary liver malignancy worldwide, and multiple risk factors attribute to the occurrence and development of HCC. Recently, increasing studies suggest that ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) serves as a promising prognostic factor in human cancers, although the molecular mechanism of UBE2T in HCC remains unclear.
AIM To investigate the clinical relevance and role of UBE2T in HCC development.
METHODS UBE2T expression in HCC tissues from the TCGA database and its association with patient survival were analyzed. A lentivirus-mediated strategy was used to knock down UBE2T in HCC cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot assays were performed to check the effect of UBE2T silencing in HCC cells. Cell growth in vitro and in vivo was analyzed by multiparametric high-content screening and the xenograft tumorigenicity assay, respectively. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. The genes regulated by UBE2T were profiled by microarray assay.
RESULTS UBE2T was overexpressed in HCC tissues compared with paired and non-paired normal tissues. High expression of UBE2T predicted a poor overall survival in HCC patients. In vitro, lentivirus-mediated UBE2T knockdown significantly reduced the viability of both SMMC-7721 and BEL-7404 cells. In vivo, the xenograft tumorigenesis of SMMC-7721 cells was largely attenuated by UBE2T silencing. The cell cycle was arrested at G1/S phase in SMMC-7721 and BEL-7404 cells with UBE2T knockdown. Furthermore, apoptosis was increased by UBE2T knockdown. At the molecular level, numerous genes were dysregulated after UBE2T silencing, including IL-1B, FOSL1, PTGS2, and BMP6.
CONCLUSION UBE2T plays an important role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Mu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jun-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chang-Xin Wu
- The Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03006, Shanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, China
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Yang ZH, Dang YQ, Ji G. Role of epigenetics in transformation of inflammation into colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2863-2877. [PMID: 31249445 PMCID: PMC6589733 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i23.2863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms associated with inflammation-promoted tumorigenesis have become an important topic in cancer research. Various abnormal epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA regulation, occur during the transformation of chronic inflammation into colorectal cancer (CRC). These changes not only accelerate transformation but also lead to cancer progression and metastasis by activating carcinogenic signaling pathways. The NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways play a particularly important role in the transformation of inflammation into CRC, and both are critical to cellular signal transduction and constantly activated in cancer by various abnormal changes including epigenetics. The NF-κB and STAT3 signals contribute to the microenvironment for tumorigenesis through secretion of a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their crosstalk in the nucleus makes it even more difficult to treat CRC. Compared with gene mutation that is irreversible, epigenetic inheritance is reversible or can be altered by the intervention. Therefore, understanding the role of epigenetic inheritance in the inflammation-cancer transformation may elucidate the pathogenesis of CRC and promote the development of innovative drugs targeting transformation to prevent and treat this malignancy. This review summarizes the literature on the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in the occurrence and development of inflammation-induced CRC. Exploring the role of epigenetics in the transformation of inflammation into CRC may help stimulate futures studies on the role of molecular therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Digestive Endoscopy Department, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qi Dang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wang S, Gao H, Zuo J, Gao Z. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression correlates with development, progression, metastasis, and prognosis of osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:226-240. [PMID: 30761249 PMCID: PMC6356183 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), a key enzyme in arachidonic acid metabolism, is involved in several cancers, including osteosarcoma. The prognostic significance of COX‐2 in osteosarcoma remains controversial. This study was to analyze the potential clinical and prognostic effects of COX‐2 protein expression in patients with osteosarcoma. Eligible articles were searched via online databases. The combined odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the random‐effects model. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was applied to analyze the required information size and determine the reliability of the evidence. Twenty‐three studies on COX‐2 expression were identified, which included a total of 1084 patients with malignant osteosarcoma and 247 patients with benign osteochondroma. COX‐2 protein expression in osteosarcoma was higher than in benign osteochondroma (OR = 7.66, P < 0.001). COX‐2 expression was not correlated with age, gender, tumor location, cancer histology, or necrosis (P > 0.1), but was significantly associated with tumor grade (high grade vs. low grade: OR = 4.81, P < 0.001), clinical stage (stage 3–4 vs. stage 1–2: OR = 4.89, P < 0.001), and metastasis (yes vs. no: OR = 3.53, P < 0.001). Based on TSA results, we suggest that additional studies are not required to examine osteosarcoma vs. benign osteochondroma, tumor grade, clinical stage, or metastasis. No heterogeneity was observed in these analyses. COX‐2 expression is linked to poor prognosis in metastasis‐free survival, overall survival, and relapse‐free survival, as indicated by multivariate analysis. Therefore, the expression of COX‐2 may correlate with the development, progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqun Wang
- Orthopaedics China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- Orthopaedics The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Jilin China
| | - Jianlin Zuo
- Orthopaedics China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University China
| | - Zhongli Gao
- Orthopaedics China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University China
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Zhu XC, Zhang T. Antitumor mechanisms of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:2029-2035. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i35.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eicosanoids, as the metabolic product of arachidonic acid, play an important role in tumor development and metastasis. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and lipoxygenase (LOX) are two key enzymes that mediate the metabolism of arachidonic acid. So far, great progress has been made on the research of COX-2 and prostaglandins, and it has been demonstrated that they can induce the imbalance between cell growth and apoptosis as well as tumor angiogenesis. LOX and its metabolites, such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and leukotriene (LT), have received more and more attention for their role in tumor development. Research has proved that LT-B4 and 5-HETE participate in the occurrence and development of multiple tumors. Therefore, COX and LOX dual inhibitors prove a new approach to anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chao Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
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Zhou FF, Huang R, Jiang J, Zeng XH, Zou SQ. Correlated non-nuclear COX2 and low HER2 expression confers a good prognosis in colorectal cancer. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:301-306. [PMID: 29873317 PMCID: PMC6151999 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_46_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS COX2 and HER2 are shown to be critical in the regulation of cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of nuclear COX2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship with HER2 still remains unknown. In this study, the expression and biological significance of COX2 and HER2 were evaluated in CRC at mRNA and protein levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS RNA-Seq data of CRC were downloaded from TCGA, and 229 CRC and 50 non-cancerous subjects were enrolled in this study. Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analysis was performed based on the obtained data. Survival analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with overall survival of CRC patients. RESULTS We showed that mRNA and protein levels of COX2 and HER2 were upregulated in CRC compared with the adjacent tissues. COX2 protein levels and nuclear COX2 expression were correlated with a poor prognosis of CRC patients. In addition, we also revealed that nuclear COX2 expression was positively associated with HER2 expression. Non-nuclear COX2 combined with low HER2 expression, was negatively correlated with Duke's stage and lymph node metastasis, predicting the best outcomes for CRC patients. In addition, our data indicated that non-nuclear COX2 combined with low HER2 expression is an independent prognostic factor for CRC after surgical resection. CONCLUSION The study suggests that nuclear COX2 in combination with HER2 can serve as potential biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, and targeted inhibition of COX2 and HER2 might be an alternative strategy for the management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-fei Zhou
- Department of Thoracoabdominal Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic China,Address for correspondence: Dr. Fei-fei Zhou, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, NO. 81 North of Lingnan Avenue, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, People's Republic China. E-mail:
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Thoracoabdominal Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thoracoabdominal Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic China
| | - Xiao-hong Zeng
- Department of Thoracoabdominal Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic China
| | - Shu-qian Zou
- Department of Thoracoabdominal Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic China
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Wang D, Li Y, Zhang C, Li X, Yu J. MiR‐216a‐3p inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation through direct targeting COX‐2 and ALOX5. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1755-1766. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Radiation OncologyDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Yuechun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Radiation OncologyDongguan People's HospitalDongguanChina
| | - Xianming Li
- Department of Radiation OncologyShenzhen People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation OncologyShandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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Nemtsova MV, Strelnikov VV, Tanas AS, Bykov II, Zaletaev DV, Rudenko VV, Glukhov AI, Kchorobrich TV, Li Y, Tarasov VV, Barreto GE, Aliev G. Implication of Gastric Cancer Molecular Genetic Markers in Surgical Practice. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:408-415. [PMID: 29081696 PMCID: PMC5635646 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170329110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have investigated aberrant methylation of genes CDH1, RASSF1A, MLH1, N33, DAPK, expression of genes hTERT, MMP7, MMP9, BIRC5 (survivin), PTGS2, and activity of telomerase of 106 gastric tumor samples obtained intra-operatively and 53 gastric tumor samples from the same group of patients obtained endoscopically before surgery. Biopsy specimens obtained from 50 patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis were used as a control group. Together with tissue samples obtained from different sites remote to tumors, a total of 727 samples have been studied. The selected parameters comprise a system of molecular markers that can be used in both diagnostics of gastric cancer and in dynamic monitoring of patients after surgery. Special attention was paid to the use of molecular markers for the diagnostics of malignant process in the material obtained endoscopically since the efficacy of morphological diagnostics in biopsies is compromised by intratumoral heterogeneity, which may prevent reliable identification of tumor cells in the sampling. Our data indicated that certain molecular genetic events provided more sensitive yet specific markers of the tumor. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that molecular profiles detected in preoperative biopsies were confirmed by the material obtained intra-operatively. The use of endoscopic material facilitates gastric tumors pre-operative diagnostics, improving early detection of gastric cancer and potential effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Nemtsova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Department of Medical Genetics, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | | | - Alexander S Tanas
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechie St. 1, 115472, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor I Bykov
- Department No 1, Medical Faculty, Faculty Surgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V Zaletaev
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechie St. 1, 115472, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria V Rudenko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechie St. 1, 115472, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander I Glukhov
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Trubetskaya, 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation.,National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kchorobrich
- Department No 1, Medical Faculty, Faculty Surgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Ministry of Health, Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Human Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Institute of Pharmacy and Translational Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991Moscow, Russia
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, BogotáD.C., Colombia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- "GALLY" International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC, San Antonio, TX78229, USA.,School of Health Sciences, University of Atlanta, Johns Creek, GA 30097, USA.,Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
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Tsutsumi T, Inoue M, Okamoto Y, Ishihara A, Tokumura A. Daily Intake of High-Fat Diet with Lysophosphatidic Acid-Rich Soybean Phospholipids Augments Colon Tumorigenesis in Kyoto Apc Delta Rats. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:669-677. [PMID: 28050783 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-016-4434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral administration of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was shown to attenuate gastric ulceration in rats and mice but aggravate intestinal tumorigenesis in mice. AIMS The present study examined whether dietary LPA induces or prevents development of colorectal tumor in rats. METHODS Kyoto Apc Delta rats fed high-fat diet with or without an LPA-rich soybean phospholipid mixture (LSP, 0.1 or 1%) were treated with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate to induce colorectal tumorigenesis. Rats were killed 15 weeks after azoxymethane treatment, and size, total number, location, and severity of colorectal tumors were assessed. Expression of mRNA of LPA receptors in rat colon tissue was assayed. RESULTS Rats fed the diet supplemented with 1% LSP had a higher number of tumors 2-4 mm long compared than those with or without 0.1% LSP. The mean distance of tumors >4 mm long from the anus was significantly higher than those of tumors <2 and 2-4 mm long in rats fed 1% LSP-supplemented diet. Supplementation of the diet with 0.1% LSP decreased mRNA expression of LPA5 in colon tumors of rats. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation of LPA-rich phospholipids dose-dependently augmented colorectal tumorigenesis. Decreased expression of LPA5 in colon tumors may be relevant to augmented tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Tsutsumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshinomachi, Nobeoka, Japan.
| | - Manami Inoue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoko Okamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Ishihara
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, 2-1-10 Shinkoji, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tokumura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Chemistry, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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45
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Cervantes-Madrid DL, Nagi S, Asting Gustafsson A. FosB transcription factor regulates COX-2 expression in colorectal cancer cells without affecting PGE2 expression. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1411-1416. [PMID: 28454270 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content have been associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). There is a strong correlation between COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in tissues from CRC patients, suggesting an important role for COX-2 on the regulation of PGE2 production. Previous studies by the present authors, where CRC patients were divided into high- or low-COX-2 expressing tumors, displayed important differences in the expression levels of several transcription factors involved in carcinogenesis. Among them, FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FosB), which is a member of the activator protein-1 complex, was the highest upregulated transcription factor in patients with high expression levels of COX-2. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FosB on the COX-2/PGE2 axis in CRC cells with high COX-2 expression levels. Interference RNA technology was used to knockdown FosB expression in HCA-7 cells, and 72 h later the messenger (m)RNA expression levels of COX-1 and COX-2, as well as the PGE2 content, were measured. The results indicated that FosB knockdown decreased the expression levels of COX-2 but did not affect the PGE2 content or the mRNA expression levels of COX-1. The present findings suggest an important role for FosB on the regulation of COX-2 expression, but no effect on the regulation of the PGE2 levels. In addition, the present results imply independent regulatory mechanisms for COX-2 expression and PGE2 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lizeth Cervantes-Madrid
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Basic Research, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Sabah Nagi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Asting Gustafsson
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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46
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Moreno JJ. Eicosanoid receptors: Targets for the treatment of disrupted intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 796:7-19. [PMID: 27940058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways and the consequent eicosanoid synthesis in the physiology and pathophysiology of the intestinal epithelium is currently being established. Each eicosanoid (prostanoid, leukotriene, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) preferentially recognizes one or more receptors coupled to one or more signal-transduction processes. This overview focuses on the role of eicosanoid receptors in the maintenance of intestinal epithelium physiology through the control of proliferation/differentiation/apoptosis processes. Furthermore, it is reported that the role of these receptors on the regulation of the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium have arisen through the regulation of absorption/secretion processes, tight-junction state and the control of the intestinal immune response. Also, this review considers the implication of AA cascade in the disruption of epithelial homeostasis during inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer as well as the therapeutic values and potential of the eicosanoid receptors as novel targets for the treatments of the pathologies above mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Moreno
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Avda. Prat de la Riba 171, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
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47
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Tonby K, Wergeland I, Lieske NV, Kvale D, Tasken K, Dyrhol-Riise AM. The COX- inhibitor indomethacin reduces Th1 effector and T regulatory cells in vitro in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:599. [PMID: 27776487 PMCID: PMC5078976 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) causes a major burden on global health with long and cumbersome TB treatment regimens. Host-directed immune modulating therapies have been suggested as adjunctive treatment to TB antibiotics. Upregulated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling pathway may cause a dysfunctional immune response that favors survival and replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). METHODS Blood samples were obtained from patients with latent TB (n = 9) and active TB (n = 33) before initiation of anti-TB chemotherapy. COX-2 expression in monocytes and ESAT-6 and Ag85 specific T cell cytokine responses (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2), proliferation (carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester staining) and regulation (FOXP3+ T regulatory cells) were analysed by flow cytometry and the in vitro effects of the COX-1/2 inhibitor indomethacin were measured. RESULTS We demonstrate that indomethacin significantly down-regulates the fraction of Mtb specific FOXP3+ T regulatory cells (ESAT-6; p = 0.004 and Ag85; p < 0.001) with a concomitant reduction of Mtb specific cytokine responses and T cell proliferation in active TB. Although active TB tend to have higher levels, there are no significant differences in COX-2 expression between unstimulated monocytes from patients with active TB compared to latent infection. Monocytes in both TB groups respond with a significant upregulation of COX-2 after in vitro stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our in vitro data indicate a modulation of the Th1 effector and T regulatory cells in Mtb infection in response to the COX-1/2 inhibitor indomethacin. The potential role as adjunctive host-directed therapy in TB disease should be further evaluated in both animal studies and in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Tonby
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ida Wergeland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nora V Lieske
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Kvale
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Tasken
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne M Dyrhol-Riise
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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48
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Hugo HJ, Saunders C, Ramsay RG, Thompson EW. New Insights on COX-2 in Chronic Inflammation Driving Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:109-19. [PMID: 26193871 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal use of aspirin stretches back to ancient times, before it was manufactured in its pure form in the late 19th century. Its accepted mechanistic target, cyclooxygenase (COX), was discovered in the 1970s and since this landmark discovery, the therapeutic application of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has increased dramatically. The most significant benefits of NSAIDs are in conditions involving chronic inflammation (CI). Given the recognized role of CI in cancer development, the use of long-term NSAID treatment in the prevention of cancer is an enticing possibility. COX-2 is a key driver of CI, and here we review COX-2 expression as a predictor of survival in various cancer types, including breast. Obesity and post-partum involution are natural inflammatory states that are associated with increased breast cancer risk. We outline the COX-2 mediated mechanisms contributing to the growth of cancers. We dissect the cellular mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and how COX-2 may induce this to facilitate tumor progression. Finally we examine the potential regulation of COX-2 by c-Myb, and the possible interplay between c-Myb/COX-2 in proliferation, and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α)/COX-2 in invasive pathways in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honor J Hugo
- VBCRC Invasion and Metastasis Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
| | - C Saunders
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R G Ramsay
- Differentation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - E W Thompson
- VBCRC Invasion and Metastasis Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland Institute of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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49
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Comprehensive network analysis of genes expressed in human oropharyngeal cancer. Am J Otolaryngol 2015; 36:235-41. [PMID: 25484365 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is the eighth most common cancer worldwide, however the genes involved in the development of OPC have been reported few. We constructed a co-expression network to extend knowledge of the molecular biomarkers in OPC development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microarray data of HPV-active, -inactive, -negative OPC and normal benign tissue (uvula, tonsil) (Series GSE55550) were retrieved from NCBI GEO DataSets. We performed co-expression analysis of OPC transcriptome data by the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) method with the mutual rank (MR)-based cut-off using 13 guide genes. RESULTS The OPC subnetwork contained three clusters: cell cycle (62 node genes and 125 edge genes), immune system (44 node genes and 70 edge genes) and organ morphogenesis (128 node gene and 215 edge genes) process separately. CONCLUSION Our co-expression analysis includes separated transcriptomes of OPC, which is a useful resource for OPC researchers to elucidate important and complex biological events, to prevent and to predict cancer.
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50
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Cebola I, Custodio J, Muñoz M, Díez-Villanueva A, Paré L, Prieto P, Aussó S, Coll-Mulet L, Boscá L, Moreno V, Peinado MA. Epigenetics override pro-inflammatory PTGS transcriptomic signature towards selective hyperactivation of PGE2 in colorectal cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:74. [PMID: 26207152 PMCID: PMC4512023 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Misregulation of the PTGS (prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, also known as cyclooxygenase or COX) pathway may lead to the accumulation of pro-inflammatory signals, which constitutes a hallmark of cancer. To get insight into the role of this signaling pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC), we have characterized the transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes of the PTGS pathway genes in normal and cancer cells. RESULTS Data from four independent series of CRC patients (502 tumors including adenomas and carcinomas and 222 adjacent normal tissues) and two series of colon mucosae from 69 healthy donors have been included in the study. Gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR and Affymetrix U219 arrays. DNA methylation was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing, dissociation curves, and HumanMethylation450K arrays. Most CRC patients show selective transcriptional deregulation of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of prostanoids and their receptors in both tumor and its adjacent mucosa. DNA methylation alterations exclusively affect the tumor tissue (both adenomas and carcinomas), redirecting the transcriptional deregulation to activation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) function and blockade of other biologically active prostaglandins. In particular, PTGIS, PTGER3, PTGFR, and AKR1B1 were hypermethylated in more than 40 % of all analyzed tumors. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptional and epigenetic profiling of the PTGS pathway provides important clues on the biology of the tumor and its microenvironment. This analysis renders candidate markers with potential clinical applicability in risk assessment and early diagnosis and for the design of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Cebola
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
- Current address: Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joaquin Custodio
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
- Current address: Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mar Muñoz
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
| | - Anna Díez-Villanueva
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
| | - Laia Paré
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL and CIBERESP, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanna Aussó
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL and CIBERESP, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
| | - Llorenç Coll-Mulet
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL and CIBERESP, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Peinado
- Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles, Badalona, 08916 Spain
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