1
|
Foss-Skiftesvik J, Li S, Rosenbaum A, Hagen CM, Stoltze UK, Ljungqvist S, Hjalmars U, Schmiegelow K, Morimoto L, de Smith AJ, Mathiasen R, Metayer C, Hougaard D, Melin B, Walsh KM, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Dahlin AM, Wiemels JL. Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 4069 children with glioma identifies 9p21.3 risk locus. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:1709-1720. [PMID: 36810956 PMCID: PMC10484172 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent sequencing studies have revealed that 10% of childhood gliomas are caused by rare germline mutations, the role of common variants is undetermined and no genome-wide significant risk loci for pediatric central nervous system tumors have been identified to date. METHODS Meta-analysis of 3 population-based genome-wide association studies comprising 4069 children with glioma and 8778 controls of multiple genetic ancestries. Replication was performed in a separate case-control cohort. Quantitative trait loci analyses and a transcriptome-wide association study were conducted to assess possible links with brain tissue expression across 18 628 genes. RESULTS Common variants in CDKN2B-AS1 at 9p21.3 were significantly associated with astrocytoma, the most common subtype of glioma in children (rs573687, P-value of 6.974e-10, OR 1.273, 95% CI 1.179-1.374). The association was driven by low-grade astrocytoma (P-value of 3.815e-9) and exhibited unidirectional effects across all 6 genetic ancestries. For glioma overall, the association approached genome-wide significance (rs3731239, P-value of 5.411e-8), while no significant association was observed for high-grade tumors. Predicted decreased brain tissue expression of CDKN2B was significantly associated with astrocytoma (P-value of 8.090e-8). CONCLUSIONS In this population-based genome-wide association study meta-analysis, we identify and replicate 9p21.3 (CDKN2B-AS1) as a risk locus for childhood astrocytoma, thereby establishing the first genome-wide significant evidence of common variant predisposition in pediatric neuro-oncology. We furthermore provide a functional basis for the association by showing a possible link to decreased brain tissue CDKN2B expression and substantiate that genetic susceptibility differs between low- and high-grade astrocytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Foss-Skiftesvik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section for Neonatal Genetics, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shaobo Li
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adam Rosenbaum
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Ulrik Kristoffer Stoltze
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sally Ljungqvist
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hjalmars
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Libby Morimoto
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adam J de Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - René Mathiasen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - David Hougaard
- Section for Neonatal Genetics, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Division of Neuro-Epidemiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Anna M Dahlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sanchez A, Lhuillier J, Grosjean G, Ayadi L, Maenner S. The Long Non-Coding RNA ANRIL in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4160. [PMID: 37627188 PMCID: PMC10453084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
ANRIL (Antisense Noncoding RNA in the INK4 Locus), a long non-coding RNA encoded in the human chromosome 9p21 region, is a critical factor for regulating gene expression by interacting with multiple proteins and miRNAs. It has been found to play important roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle control and proliferation. Dysregulation of ANRIL has been associated with several diseases like cancers and cardiovascular diseases, for instance. Understanding the oncogenic role of ANRIL and its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cancer is crucial. This review provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms and oncogenic significance of the 9p21 locus and ANRIL in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lilia Ayadi
- CNRS, Université de Lorraine, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Montiel-Dávalos A, Ayala Y, Hernández G. The dark side of mRNA translation and the translation machinery in glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1086964. [PMID: 36994107 PMCID: PMC10042294 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1086964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the different types of cancer affecting the central nervous system (CNS), glioblastoma (GB) is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the most common and aggressive CNS cancer in adults. GB incidence is more frequent among persons aged 45–55 years old. GB treatments are based on tumor resection, radiation, and chemotherapies. The current development of novel molecular biomarkers (MB) has led to a more accurate prediction of GB progression. Moreover, clinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies have established genetic variants consistently associated with the risk of suffering GB. However, despite the advances in these fields, the survival expectancy of GB patients is still shorter than 2 years. Thus, fundamental processes inducing tumor onset and progression remain to be elucidated. In recent years, mRNA translation has been in the spotlight, as its dysregulation is emerging as a key cause of GB. In particular, the initiation phase of translation is most involved in this process. Among the crucial events, the machinery performing this phase undergoes a reconfiguration under the hypoxic conditions in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, ribosomal proteins (RPs) have been reported to play translation-independent roles in GB development. This review focuses on the research elucidating the tight relationship between translation initiation, the translation machinery, and GB. We also summarize the state-of-the-art drugs targeting the translation machinery to improve patients’ survival. Overall, the recent advances in this field are shedding new light on the dark side of translation in GB.
Collapse
|
4
|
Genetic predisposition to central nervous system tumors in children - what the neurosurgeon should know. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:3025-3034. [PMID: 35660974 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, few pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors were thought to result from genetic predisposition. However, within the last decade, new DNA sequencing methods have led to an increased recognition of high-risk cancer predisposition syndromes in children with CNS tumors. Thus, genetic predisposition is increasingly impacting clinical pediatric neuro-oncology. METHODS In this narrative review, we discuss the current understanding of genetic predisposition to childhood CNS tumors and provide a general overview of involved research methodologies and terminology. Moreover, we consider how germline genetics may influence neurosurgical practice. RESULTS Introduction of next-generation DNA sequencing has greatly increased our understanding of genetic predisposition to pediatric CNS tumors by enabling whole-exome/-genome sequencing of large cohorts. To date, the scientific literature has reported germline sequencing findings for more than 2000 children with CNS tumors. Although varying between tumor types, at least 10% of childhood CNS tumors can currently be explained by rare pathogenic germline variants in known cancer-related genes. Novel methodologies continue to uncover new mechanisms, suggesting that a much higher proportion of children with CNS tumors have underlying genetic causes. Understanding how genetic predisposition influences tumor biology and the clinical course in a given patient may mandate adjustments to neurosurgical treatment. CONCLUSION Germline genetics is becoming increasingly important to clinicians, including neurosurgeons. This review provides an updated overview of genetic predisposition to childhood CNS tumors with focus on aspects relevant to pediatric neurosurgeons.
Collapse
|
5
|
Environmental Risk Factors for Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors: an Umbrella Review. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
LncRNA-Associated Genetic Etiologies Are Shared between Type 2 Diabetes and Cancers in the UAE Population. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143313. [PMID: 35884374 PMCID: PMC9313416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies place patients with T2D at a higher risk for cancer. Many risk factors, such as obesity, ageing, poor diet and low physical activity, are shared between T2D and cancer; however, the biological mechanisms linking the two diseases remain largely unknown. The advent of genome wide association studies (GWAS) revealed large numbers of genetic variants associated with both T2D and cancer. Most significant disease-associated variants reside in non-coding regions of the genome. Several studies show that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at or near long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes may impact the susceptibility to T2D and cancer. Therefore, the identification of genetic variants predisposing individuals to both T2D and cancer may help explain the increased risk of cancer in T2D patients. We aim to investigate whether lncRNA genetic variants with significant diabetes and cancer associations overlap in the UAE population. We first performed an annotation-based analysis of UAE T2D GWAS, confirming the high prevalence of variants at or near non-coding RNA genes. We then explored whether these T2D SNPs in lncRNAs were relevant to cancer. We highlighted six non-coding genetic variants, jointly reaching statistical significance in T2D and cancer, implicating a shared genetic architecture between the two diseases in the UAE population.
Collapse
|
7
|
Adel Fahmideh M, Scheurer ME. Pediatric Brain Tumors: Descriptive Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Future Directions. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:813-821. [PMID: 33653816 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and remain a significant contributor to death by disease in this population. Pediatric brain tumors (PBT) are broadly classified into two major categories: glial and neuronal tumors. Various factors, including tumor histology, tumor location, and demographics, influence the incidence and prognosis of this heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Numerous epidemiologic studies have been conducted to identify genetic and environmental risk factors for these malignancies. Thus far, the only established risk factors for PBTs are exposure to ionizing radiation and some rare genetic syndromes. However, relatively consistent evidence of positive associations for birth defects, markers of fetal growth, advanced parental age, maternal dietary N-nitroso compounds, and exposure to pesticides have been reported. The genetic variants associated with susceptibility to PBTs were predominantly identified by a candidate-gene approach. The identified genetic variants belong to four main pathways, including xenobiotic detoxification, inflammation, DNA repair, and cell-cycle regulation. Conducting large and multi-institutional studies is warranted to systematically detect genetic and environmental risk factors for different histologic subtypes of PBTs. This, in turn, might lead to a better understanding of etiology of PBTs and eventually developing risk prediction models to prevent these clinically significate malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maral Adel Fahmideh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Foss-Skiftesvik J, Hagen CM, Mathiasen R, Adamsen D, Bækvad-Hansen M, Børglum AD, Nordentoft M, Werge T, Christiansen M, Schmiegelow K, Juhler M, Mortensen PB, Hougaard DM, Bybjerg-Grauholm J. Genome-wide association study across pediatric central nervous system tumors implicates shared predisposition and points to 1q25.2 (PAPPA2) and 11p12 (LRRC4C) as novel candidate susceptibility loci. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:819-830. [PMID: 33226468 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Central nervous system (CNS) tumors constitute the most common form of solid neoplasms in children, but knowledge on genetic predisposition is sparse. In particular, whether susceptibility attributable to common variants is shared across CNS tumor types in children has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to explore potential common genetic risk variants exhibiting pleiotropic effects across pediatric CNS tumors. We also investigated whether such susceptibility differs between early and late onset of disease. METHOD A Danish nationwide genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 1,097 consecutive patients (< 15 years of age) with CNS tumors and a cohort of 4,745 population-based controls. RESULTS For both the overall cohort and patients diagnosed after the age of four, the strongest association was rs12064625 which maps to PAPPA2 at 1q25.2 (p = 3.400 × 10-7 and 9.668 × 10-8, respectively). PAPPA2 regulates local bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is fundamental to CNS development and is involved in tumorigenesis across a wide range of different cancers. For the younger children, the strongest association was provided by rs11036373 mapping to LRRC4C at 11p12 (p = 7.620 × 10-7), which encoded protein acts as an axon guidance molecule during CNS development and has not formerly been associated with brain tumors. DISCUSSION This GWAS indicates shared susceptibility attributable to common variants across pediatric CNS tumor types. Variations in genetic loci with roles in CNS development appear to be involved, possibly via altered IGF-I related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Foss-Skiftesvik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Munch Hagen
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Mathiasen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dea Adamsen
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Bækvad-Hansen
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus Genome Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Michael Christiansen
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Juhler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David Michael Hougaard
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Diseases, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuan L, Hu WM, Chen K, Shi Q, Lin A, Chen HT, Zhuo ZJ, Zeng L. XPG gene polymorphisms and glioma susceptibility: a two-centre case-control study. Br J Biomed Sci 2021; 78:135-140. [PMID: 33393424 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1870308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glioma, the most common tumour in children next to leukaemia, is difficult to treat, with a poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Xeroderma pigmentosum group G (XPG) plays a key role in the nucleotide excision repair pathway, which may modulate individual susceptibility to developing cancer. We hypothesized links between XPG variants and glioma in children.Methods: We tested our hypothesis in a study comparing 171 glioma cases with 228 age and sex matched controls, determining XPG polymorphisms rs2094258 C > T, rs751402 C > T, rs2296147 T > C, rs1047768 T > C, rs873601 G > A by standard molecular genetic methods.Results: rs2094258 C > T was associated with a decreased glioma risk, but carrying the rs1047768 C or rs873601 A allele brought an increased risk. Subjects carrying 5 risk genotypes had a significantly increased glioma risk at an adjusted odds ratio of 1.97 (95% confidence Interval 1.26-3.08)(p = 0.003) when compared with those carrying 0-4 risk genotypes. Furthermore, children with 5 risk genotypes had a higher glioma risk when aged >60 months, were more likely to be male, and with subtypes of astrocytic tumours, and low-grade clinical stage, when compared to those with 0-4 risk genotypes. Preliminary functional exploration suggested that rs2094258 is linked with the expression of its surrounding genes in the expression quantitative trait locus analysis.Conclusion: Certain variants of XPG are risk factors for paediatric glioma, and so may be useful in early diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - W M Hu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - K Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Shi
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - A Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - H T Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Z J Zhuo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - L Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Muskens IS, Feng Q, Francis SS, Walsh KM, Mckean-Cowdin R, Gauderman WJ, de Smith AJ, Wiemels JL. Pediatric glioma and medulloblastoma risk and population demographics: a Poisson regression analysis. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa089. [PMID: 32864610 PMCID: PMC7447139 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of pediatric brain tumors varies by race and ethnicity, but these relationships may be confounded by socioeconomic status (SES). In this study, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database was evaluated for associations between race/ethnicity and pediatric glioma and medulloblastoma risk with adjustment for SES. Methods Pediatric glioma and medulloblastoma cases from the SEER database (years: 2000–2016) were included. Differences in incidence rates by ethnicity, sex, age, and SES-related factors were evaluated by calculation of age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) and annual percent change (APC). SES-related factors (percentage without less than high school graduation, median household income, and percentage foreign-born) were derived from the census at the county-level (year: 2000). Multivariable Poisson regression models with adjustment for selected covariates were constructed to evaluate risk factors. Results The highest AAIRs of pediatric glioma were observed among non-Hispanic Whites (AAIR: 2.91 per 100 000, 95%-CI: 2.84–2.99). An increasing incidence of pediatric glioma by calendar time was observed among non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks (APC: 0.97%, 95%-CI: 0.28–1.68 and APC: 1.59%, 95%-CI: 0.03–3.18, respectively). Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity was associated with lower risk when compared with non-Hispanic White (incidence rate ratios [IRRs]: 0.66, 95%-CI: 0.63–0.70; and 0.69, 95%-CI: 0.65–0.74, respectively). For medulloblastoma, the highest AAIR was observed for non-Hispanic Whites with a positive APC (1.52%, 95%-CI: 0.15–2.91). Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks had statistically significant lower IRRs compared with non-Hispanic Whites (IRRs: 0.83, 95%-CI: 0.73–0.94; and 0.72, 95%-CI: 0.59–0.87, respectively). Conclusion Non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity was associated with higher pediatric glioma and medulloblastoma IRRs in models with adjustments for SES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo S Muskens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Qianxi Feng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen S Francis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro and Molecular Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke Cancer Institute, and Children's Health and Discovery Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roberta Mckean-Cowdin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William J Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adam J de Smith
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|