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Bui AQ, Gunathilake M, Lee J, Oh JH, Chang HJ, Sohn DK, Shin A, Kim J. Interaction between retinol intake and ISX rs5755368 polymorphism in colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in a Korean population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10187. [PMID: 37349365 PMCID: PMC10287678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether the ISX rs5755368 genotypes are associated with the effect of dietary retinol consumption on CRC risk. We recruited 923 CRC patients and 1846 controls to identify the association between dietary retinol and CRC risk. Dietary retinol intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Genotype data were available for 1419 patients (600 cases and 819 controls) of the total study population. Genotyping was performed using an Illumina MEGA Expanded Array. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models. Retinol intake was inversely associated with CRC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.37-0.63). Participants with AA genotype showed lower CRC risk than subjects carrying the G allele (AG + GG) (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.58-0.99). A 68% reduced risk of CRC was related to subjects who had the highest retinol intake and carrying AA genotype compared to the risk of participants consumed the lowest retinol intake and carrying the G allele (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.20-0.53; P interaction = 0.026). Retinol intake could be a protective factor for CRC risk while this association could be strengthened among individuals carrying the homozygous AA genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Quynh Bui
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Madhawa Gunathilake
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jeonghee Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Sohn
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10408, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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2
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Prieto-Fernández L, Menéndez ST, Otero-Rosales M, Montoro-Jiménez I, Hermida-Prado F, García-Pedrero JM, Álvarez-Teijeiro S. Pathobiological functions and clinical implications of annexin dysregulation in human cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1009908. [PMID: 36247003 PMCID: PMC9554710 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1009908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexins are an extensive superfamily of structurally related calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins, largely conserved and widely distributed among species. Twelve human annexins have been identified, referred to as Annexin A1-13 (A12 remains as of yet unassigned), whose genes are spread throughout the genome on eight different chromosomes. According to their distinct tissue distribution and subcellular localization, annexins have been functionally implicated in a variety of biological processes relevant to both physiological and pathological conditions. Dysregulation of annexin expression patterns and functions has been revealed as a common feature in multiple cancers, thereby emerging as potential biomarkers and molecular targets for clinical application. Nevertheless, translation of this knowledge to the clinic requires in-depth functional and mechanistic characterization of dysregulated annexins for each individual cancer type, since each protein exhibits varying expression levels and phenotypic specificity depending on the tumor types. This review specifically and thoroughly examines the current knowledge on annexin dysfunctions in carcinogenesis. Hence, available data on expression levels, mechanism of action and pathophysiological effects of Annexin A1-13 among different cancers will be dissected, also further discussing future perspectives for potential applications as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and molecular-targeted therapies. Special attention is devoted to head and neck cancers (HNC), a complex and heterogeneous group of aggressive malignancies, often lately diagnosed, with high mortality, and scarce therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llara Prieto-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía T. Menéndez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Otero-Rosales
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Irene Montoro-Jiménez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juana M. García-Pedrero, ; Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro,
| | - Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juana M. García-Pedrero, ; Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro,
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3
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Scheller J, Berg A, Moll JM, Floss DM, Jungesblut C. Current status and relevance of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-6-/IL-12-type cytokine receptors. Cytokine 2021; 148:155550. [PMID: 34217594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines control immune related events and are critically involved in a plethora of patho-physiological processes including autoimmunity and cancer development. In rare cases, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in cytokine receptors eventually cause detrimental ligand-independent, constitutive activation of signal transduction. Most SNPs have, however, no or only marginal influences on gene expression, protein stability, localization and function and thereby only slightly affecting pathogenesis probability. The SNP database (dbSNP) is an archive for a broad collection of polymorphisms in which SNPs are categorized and marked with a locus accession number "reference SNP" (rs). Here, we engineered an algorithm to directly align dbSNP information to DNA and protein sequence information to clearly illustrate a genetic SNP landscape exemplified for all tall cytokine receptors of the IL-6/IL-12 family, including IL-23R, IL-12Rβ1, IL-12Rβ2, gp130, LIFR, OSMR and WSX-1. This information was complemented by a comprehensive literature summary and structural insights of relevant disease-causing SNPs in cytokine/cytokine receptor interfaces. In summary, we present a general strategy with potential to apply to other cytokine receptor networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Anna Berg
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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4
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Zheng D, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Xiao S, Yang L, Xiang Y, Dai X, Hu W, Zhou B, Liu Z, Zhao H, Zhao C, Huang X, Wang L. Cynaropicrin Shows Antitumor Progression Potential in Colorectal Cancer Through Mediation of the LIFR/STATs Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:605184. [PMID: 33505963 PMCID: PMC7829511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.605184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest malignant disease in the world and the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor/signal transducers and activators of transcriptions (LIFR/STATs) signaling axis plays an important role in the molecular biology of CRC. METHODS Cell function tests were performed to observe the inhibitory effect of cynaropicrin on human CRC cells (RKO, HCT116, and DLD-1). Expression levels of LIFR, P-STAT3, P-STAT4, and apoptotic proteins were detected by Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation confirmed the presence of LIFR/STAT3/STAT4 complex. Cell immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the subcellular localization of STAT3 and STAT4. In vivo efficacy of cynaropicrin was evaluated by a xenotransplantation model in nude mice. RESULTS Cynaropicrin significantly reduced the survival ability of human CRC cells and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting results suggested that the antitumor effects of cynaropicrin might be mediated by inhibition of the LIFR/STATs axis. Cynaropicrin reduced the formation of STAT3/STAT4 heterodimers and blocked their entry into the nucleus. Cynaropicrin also suppressed tumor growth in the xenograft model. CONCLUSION The results showed that cynaropicrin exerted a strong inhibitory effect on CRC in vitro and in vivo. Our study concluded that cynaropicrin has potential application prospects in the field of anti-CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yili Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sisi Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lehe Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Youqun Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuanxuan Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanle Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengguang Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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5
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De Mattia E, Bignucolo A, Toffoli G, Cecchin E. Genetic Markers of the Host to Predict the Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Targeted Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4249-4273. [PMID: 31298142 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712151417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of anti-EGFR (cetuximab and panitumumab) and antiangiogenic (bevacizumab, regorafeninb, ramucirumab, and aflibercept) agents in the therapeutic armamentarium of the metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) has significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy and patients survival. However, despite the great improvements achieved in the patients life expectation, the high inter-individual heterogeneity in the response to the targeted agents still represent an issue for the management of advanced CRC patients. Even if the role of tumor genetic mutations as predictive markers of drug efficacy has been well-established, the contribution of the host genetic markers is still controversial. Promising results regard the germ-line immune-profile, inflammation and tumor microenvironment. Inherent variations in KRAS 3'UTR region as well as EGF/ EGFR genes were investigated as markers of cetuximab effectiveness. More recently interesting data in the field of anti- EGFR agents were generated also for germ-line variants in genes involved in inflammation (e.g. COX-2, LIFR, IGF1 signaling), immune system (e.g., FCGRs, IL-1RA), and other players of the RAS signaling, including the Hippo pathway related genes (e.g. Rassf, YAP, TAZ). Host genetic variants in VEGF-dependent (i.e., EGF, IGF-1, HIF1α, eNOS, iNOS) and -independent (i.e., EMT cascade, EGFL7) pathways, with specific attention on inflammation and immune system-related factors (e.g., IL-8, CXCR-1/2, CXCR4-CXCL12 axis, TLRs, GADD34, PPP1R15A, ANXA11, MKNK1), were investigated as predictive markers of bevacizumab outcome, generating some promising results. In this review, we aimed to summarize the most recent literature data regarding the potential role of common and rare inhered variants in predicting which CRC patients will benefit more from a specifically targeted drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Alessia Bignucolo
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, "Centro di Riferimento Oncologico"- National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
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Rodriguez-López J, Arrojo M, Paz E, Páramo M, Costas J. Identification of relevant hub genes for early intervention at gene coexpression modules with altered predicted expression in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 98:109815. [PMID: 31715283 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Genetic risk for schizophrenia is due to the joint effect of multiple genes acting mainly at two different processes, prenatal/perinatal neurodevelopment and adolescence/early adulthood synapse maturation. Identification of important genes at the second process is of relevance for early intervention. The aim of this work was to identify gene co-expression modules with altered expression in schizophrenia during adolescence/early adulthood. To this goal, we predicted frontal cortex gene expression in one discovery sample, the largest GWAS of schizophrenia from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, using S-prediXcan, and in one target sample, consisting of 625 schizophrenic patients and 819 controls from Spain, using prediXcan. Prediction models were trained on GTEx frontal cortex expression dataset. In parallel, we identified brain co-expression modules from BrainSpan using WGCNA. Then, we estimated polygenic risk scores based on predicted expression (PE-PRS) for each co-expression module in the target sample, based on PE-PRS model from the discovery sample. This analysis led to the identification of a module with mainly adolescence/adulthood expression whose PE-PRS was significantly associated with schizophrenia. The module was significantly enriched in synaptic processes. Several hub genes at this module are drugabble, according to the drug-gene interaction database, and/or involved in synaptic transmission, such as the voltage-gated ion channels SCN2B and KCNAB2, the calcium calmodulin kinases CAMK2A and CAMK1G, or genes involved in synaptic vesicle cycle, such as DNM1, or SYNGR1. Therefore, identification of this module may be the first step in patient stratification based on biology, as well as in drug design and drug repurposing efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rodriguez-López
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Servizo de Psiquiatría, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Paz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Servizo de Psiquiatría, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Mario Páramo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Servizo de Psiquiatría, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Javier Costas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
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7
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Shou X, Li Y, Hu W, Ye T, Wang G, Xu F, Sui M, Xu Y. Six-gene Assay as a new biomarker in the blood of patients with colorectal cancer: establishment and clinical validation. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:781-791. [PMID: 30556647 PMCID: PMC6441906 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in men and the third most common cancer in women. Although long-term survival has improved over the past 30 years, at least 50% of patients with CRC will develop metastases after diagnosis. In this study, we examined whether quantifying the mRNA of six CRC-related genes in the blood could improve disease assessment through detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC), and thereby improve progression prediction in relapsed CRC patients. Cell spiking assay and RT-PCR were performed with blood samples from healthy volunteers spiked with six CRC cell lines to generate an algorithm, herein called the Six-gene Assay, based on six genes (CEA, EpCAM, CK19, MUC1, EGFR and C-Met) for CTC detection. The CTCs of 50 relapsed CRC patients were then respectively measured by CEA Gene Assay (single-gene assay control) and Six-gene Assay. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic analysis of the CTC panel performance in diagnosing CRC was conducted for both assays. Moreover, the 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of all patients was collected, and the application of CEA Gene Assay and Six-gene Assay in predicting PFS was carefully evaluated with different CTC cutoff values. Encouragingly, we successfully constructed the first multiple gene-based algorithm, named the Six-gene Assay, for CTC detection in CRC patients. Six-gene Assay was more sensitive than CEA Gene Assay; for instance, in 50 CRC patients, the positive rate of Six-gene Assay in CTC detection was 82%, whereas that of CEA Gene Assay was only 70%. Moreover, Six-gene Assay was more sensitive and accurate than CEA Gene Assay in diagnosing CRC as well as predicting the 2-year PFS of CRC patients. Statistical analysis demonstrated that CTC numbers measured by Six-gene Assay were significantly associated with 2-year PFS. This novel Six-gene Assay improves the definition of disease status and correlates with PFS in relapsed CRC, and thus holds promise for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilei Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihua Sui
- Center for Cancer Biology and Innovative Therapeutics, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Yibing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Li Z, Xing X, Shan F, Li S, Li Z, Xiao A, Xing Z, Xue K, Li Z, Hu Y, Jia Y, Miao R, Zhang L, Bu Z, Wu A, Ji J. ABCC2-24C > T polymorphism is associated with the response to platinum/5-Fu-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and better clinical outcomes in advanced gastric cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:55449-55457. [PMID: 27487151 PMCID: PMC5342428 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment using oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidines in advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, preoperative biomarkers predictive of clinical outcome remain lacking. We examined polymorphisms in the MTHFR, DPYD, UMPS, ABCB1, ABCC2, GSTP1, ERCC1, and XRCC1 genes to evaluate their usefulness as pharmacogenetic markers in a cohort of 103 GC patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells, and the genotypes were analyzed using a SNaPShotTM assay, polymerase chain reaction amplification, and sequencing. The ABCC2-24C > T (rs717620) genotype was associated with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with the TT and TC genotypes responded to neoadjuvant chemotherapy 3.80 times more often than those with the CC genotype (95% CI: 1.27–11.32). Patients with the CC genotype also had poorer outcomes than those with other genotypes. Thus, ABCC2-24C > T polymorphism may help to predict the response to preoperative chemotherapy in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Translational Research, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Aitang Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaodong Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kan Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhemin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Tissue Bank, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yongning Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Rulin Miao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaode Bu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Aiwen Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Translational Research, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Udagawa C, Sasaki Y, Suemizu H, Ohnishi Y, Ohnishi H, Tokino T, Zembutsu H. Targeted sequencing reveals genetic variants associated with sensitivity of 79 human cancer xenografts to anticancer drugs. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1339-1359. [PMID: 29434720 PMCID: PMC5774388 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there has been progress moving from a 'one-size-fits-all' cytotoxic approach to personalized molecular medicine, the majority of patients with cancer receive chemotherapy using cytotoxic anticancer drugs. The sequencing analysis of 409 genes associated with cancer was conducted in the present study using 59 DNA sequences extracted from human cancer xenografts implanted into nude mice, of which sensitivity to 9 cytotoxic anticancer drugs [5-fluorouracil, nimustine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, mitomycin C (MMC), methotrexate, vincristine (VCR), and vinblastine] was examined. The present study investigated the association between the sensitivities of the xenografts to the 9 anticancer drugs and the frequency of single nucleotide variants (SNV). The correlation between the expression level of the genes and sensitivities to the 9 drugs in the above xenografts was also estimated. In the screening study using 59 xenografts, 3 SNVs (rs1805321, rs62456182 in PMS1 Homolog 2, Mismatch Repair System Component and rs13382825 in LDL Receptor Related Protein 1B), were associated with sensitivity to VCR and MMC, respectively (P<0.001). A replication study of 596 SNVs was subsequently performed, which indicated P<0.05 in the screening study using independent samples of 20 xenografts. A combined result of the screening and replication studies indicated that 35 SNVs were potentially associated with sensitivities to one or more of the nine anticancer drugs (Pcombined=0.0011-0.035). Of the 35 SNVs, rs16903989 and rs201432181 in Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor α and Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor A2 were commonly associated with sensitivity to 2 or 4 anticancer drugs, respectively. These findings provide novel insights which may benefit the development of personalized anticancer therapy for patients with cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Udagawa
- Liquid Biopsy Development Group, Project for Development of Liquid Biopsy Diagnosis, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.,Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sasaki
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohnishi
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Liquid Biopsy Development Group, Project for Development of Liquid Biopsy Diagnosis, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Tokino
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Zembutsu
- Liquid Biopsy Development Group, Project for Development of Liquid Biopsy Diagnosis, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.,Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Naul
- Institute for Computational & Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jonathan Taylor
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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11
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Kleist B, Meurer T, Poetsch M. Mitochondrial DNA alteration in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer: Different frequency and association with selected clinicopathological and molecular markers. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317692246. [PMID: 28345467 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study attempts to determine whether primary tumor tissue could reliably represent metastatic colorectal cancer in therapy-guiding analysis of mitochondrial microsatellite instability. Therefore, we investigated the concordance of microsatellite instability in D310, D514, and D16184 (mitochondrial DNA displacement loop), and its association with selected clinical categories and KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA/TP53 mutation status between primary and metastatic colorectal cancer tissue from 119 patients. Displacement loop microsatellite instability was significantly more frequently seen in lymph node metastases (53.1%) compared to primary tumors (37.5%) and distant metastases (21.4%) ( p = 0.0183 and p = 0.0005). The discordant rate was significantly higher in lymph node metastases/primary tumor pairs (74.6%) than in distant metastases/primary tumor pairs (52.4%) or lymph node metastases/distant metastases pairs (51.6%) ( p = 0.0113 and p = 0.0261) with more gain (86.7%) than loss (61.1%) of microsatellite instability in the discordant lymph node metastases ( p = 0.0024). Displacement loop instability occurred significantly more frequently in lymph node metastases and distant metastases of patients with early colorectal cancer onset age <60 years ( p = 0.0122 and p = 0.0129), was found with a significant high rate in a small cohort of TP53-mutated distant metastases ( p = 0.0418), and was associated with TP53 wild-type status of primary tumors ( p = 0.0009), but did not correlate with KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, or PIK3CA mutations. In conclusion, mitochondrial microsatellite instability and its association with selected clinical and molecular markers are discordant in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer, which could have importance for surveillance and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Kleist
- 1 Department of Pathology, Southern Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thuja Meurer
- 2 Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Micaela Poetsch
- 2 Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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12
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Feasibility of novel PPP1R15A and proposed ANXA11 single nucleotide polymorphisms as predictive markers for bevacizumab regimen in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1705-14. [PMID: 27177629 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bevacizumab improves survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) under chemotherapy, but few predictive markers have been identified. METHODS To investigate chemosensitive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of mCRC, we performed exome sequencing and RNA sequencing in 19 patients. A clinical association analysis was performed with the other 116 patients who had received chemotherapy to bevacizumab regimens. In vivo biodistribution studies and [(18)F]FDG-PET imaging were performed on mice bearing human colorectal cancer (HCT116 and SW480) xenografts after injection of bevacizumab with 5-FU, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI). RESULTS PPP1R15A rs557806 showed the most significant association with FRB-driven tumor IR in exome sequencing and the highest correlation (r = 0.74) with drug responses in RNA sequencing. Patients homozygous for the reference alleles (GG) of PPP1R15A rs557806 exhibited greater disease control rate and a tendency toward greater objective response rate (ORR) than those with homozygous or heterozygous substitution alleles (GC and CC; P = 0.027 and 0.073, respectively). In xenografted mice, HCT116 clones transfected with the G allele at PPP1R15A rs557806 were more sensitive to bevacizumab regimens than those with the C allele. Tumor volume of xenografts with the G allele was significantly lower than that of xenografts with the C allele (P = 0.004, day 13). [(18)F]FDG uptake decreased to 75 % in HCT116 xenograft-bearing mice with the G allele, whereas [(18)F]FDG uptake was 42 % in mice xenografts with the C allele (P = 0.032). ANXA11 rs1049550, a predictive biomarker of SNP described in our previous study, was validated using the xenograft model. Tumor volume and [(18)F]FDG uptake analyses showed that tumors in the SW480 xenografts expressing the substitution allele (T) at ANXA11 rs1049550 were more susceptible to FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab-induced suppression than those expressing the reference allele (C) (P = 0.001 and 0.026, respectively). CONCLUSION ANXA11 rs1049550 and PPP1R15A rs557806 may improve the identification of mCRC patients sensitive to bevacizumab regimens, and further validation is required in large cohorts.
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13
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Endothelin-1 genetic polymorphism as predictive marker for bevacizumab in metastatic breast cancer. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 17:344-350. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kleist B, Poetsch M. Neuroendocrine differentiation: The mysterious fellow of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11740-11747. [PMID: 26556999 PMCID: PMC4631973 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine differentiation in sporadic colorectal cancer has been recognized since decades, but its clinical impact is still controversially discussed. Detailed parameter analyses hint at the possibility that probably not neuroendocrine differentiation itself, but its association with poor grade of tumor differentiation, lymph node metastases, distant metastases and other unfavorable features contribute to worse clinical outcome. However, other studies deny a relationship between neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis of colorectal cancer. This review elucidates, whether new insights into the origin of neuroendocrine differentiation in the intestinal epithelium, its regulation by mTOR pathway components and its possible link to the intestinal stem cell compartment could determine a role of neuroendocrine cells as prognostic marker and putative therapeutic target in sporadic colorectal cancer.
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Silvestris N, Vincenzi B, Brunetti AE, Loupakis F, Dell'Aquila E, Russo A, Scartozzi M, Giampieri R, Cascinu S, Lorusso V, Tonini G, Falcone A, Santini D. Pharmacogenomics of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:1701-15. [PMID: 25410895 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie its effectiveness, as well as the primary and secondary resistance mechanisms, have led to important developments in the understanding of cetuximab biology. In light of knowledge gained from recent trials, the efficacy of cetuximab has been clearly demonstrated to depend upon RAS mutational status, moreover cetuximab should only be used in a subset of patients who may benefit. In this article, we critically review clinical and pharmacogenetic issues of cetuximab, focusing on the cost-effectiveness involved with the use of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
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16
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Kleist B, Kempa M, Meurer T, Poetsch M. Correlation betweenDPYDgene variation andKRASwild type status in colorectal cancer. J Clin Pathol 2015; 69:204-8. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-202903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pander J, van Huis-Tanja L, Böhringer S, van der Straaten T, Gelderblom H, Punt C, Guchelaar HJ. Genome Wide Association Study for Predictors of Progression Free Survival in Patients on Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, Bevacizumab and Cetuximab in First-Line Therapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26222057 PMCID: PMC4519298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite expanding options for systemic treatment, survival for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains limited and individual response is difficult to predict. In search of pre-treatment predictors, pharmacogenetic research has mainly used a candidate gene approach. Genome wide association (GWA) studies offer the benefit of simultaneously analyzing a large number of SNPs, in both known and still unidentified functional regions. Using a GWA approach, we searched for genetic markers affecting progression free survival (PFS) in mCRC patients treated with first-line capecitabine, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab (CAPOX-B), with or without cetuximab. PATIENTS AND METHODS 755 patients were included in the CAIRO2-trial, a multicenter phase III trial, randomizing between first-line treatment with CAPOX-B versus CAPOX-B plus cetuximab. Germline DNA and complete clinical information was available from 553 patients and genome wide genotyping was performed, using Illumina's OmniExpress beadchip arrays, with 647,550 markers passing all quality checks. Another 2,202,473 markers were imputated by using HapMap2. Association with PFS was analysed using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS One marker, rs885036, associated significantly with PFS (P = 2.17x10(-8)) showing opposite effects on PFS depending on treatment arm. The minor allele was associated with increased PFS in patients receiving cetuximab. A cluster of markers located on chromosome 8 associated with PFS, irrespective of treatment arm (P-values of 2.30x10(-7) to 1.04x10(-6)). CONCLUSION This is the first GWA study to find SNPs affecting PFS in mCRC patients treated with CAPOX-B, either with or without cetuximab. Rs885036 is a potential predictive marker for cetuximab efficacy. These markers need to be validated in independent treatment cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pander
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; PO box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Huis-Tanja
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; PO box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tahar van der Straaten
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; PO box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; PO box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Punt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands; PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; PO box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Sibertin-Blanc C, Mancini J, Fabre A, Lagarde A, Del Grande J, Levy N, Seitz JF, Olschwang S, Dahan L. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A c.*237C>T polymorphism is associated with bevacizumab efficacy and related hypertension in metastatic colorectal cancer. Dig Liver Dis 2015; 47:331-7. [PMID: 25617075 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No predictive marker has been yet identified for bevacizumab which is widely used in metastatic colorectal cancer. AIMS Evaluate impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor pathway on efficacy and tolerance of bevacizumab. METHODS We retrospectively included patients who were treated with bevacizumab-based chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer, and for whom a deoxyribonucleic acid sample was available. Ten polymorphisms in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A, his receptors and hypoxia inducible factor-1α were genotyped on germ line DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction TaqMan(®). RESULTS 89 patients were included. The CC genotype for rs3025039 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A c.*237C>T) was associated with a significantly better time to treatment failure (14.2 months) as compared to the CT and TT genotypes (6.0 months) in univariate (p = 0.004) and multivariate (p = 0.022; HR = 0.57; 95% CI [0.35-0.92]) analysis. Patients with at least one T allele showed worse overall survival and progression-free survival as compared to homozygous CC patients in univariate analysis (respectively p = 0.016 and p = 0.044). There was significantly more severe hypertension for the CC genotype (29.5%) compared to CT and TT genotypes (7.1%) (p = 0.022) in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective study, the rs3025039 polymorphism was significantly associated with time to treatment failure and hypertension in patients treated with bevacizumab-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Sibertin-Blanc
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| | - Julien Mancini
- Department of Biostatistics, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; UMR_S912, Economic & Social Sciences, Health Systems & Medical Informatics, SESSTIM, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Fabre
- UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Department of Medical Genetics, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Lagarde
- UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Department of Medical Genetics, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Del Grande
- Department of Pathology, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Levy
- UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Department of Medical Genetics, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Seitz
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Sylviane Olschwang
- UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Department of Medical Genetics, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Dahan
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; UMR S-910 INSERM, Medical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Yoon YS, Kim JC. Recent applications of chemosensitivity tests for colorectal cancer treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:16398-16408. [PMID: 25469008 PMCID: PMC4248183 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of therapeutic efficacy is necessary to predict the outcome of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In these patients, there is a critical need for predictive chemosensitivity assays and biomarkers to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity. The introduction of targeted agents has improved the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with metastatic disease. However, approximately 50% of patients do not show a positive response to chemotherapy and the selection of patients likely to respond to a specific regimen remains challenging. Cell culture-based chemosensitivity tests use autologous viable tumor cells to evaluate susceptibility to specific agents in vitro and predict their direct effects. Adenosine triphosphate-based assays and methyl thiazolyl-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide-based assays are used widely as sensitivity tests because of their short assay period, technical simplicity, and the requirement of small amount of specimen. Among protein- and gene-based chemosensitivity assays, assessment of KRAS mutation status predicts the response to epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy in CRC patients. The validation of predictive and prognostic markers enables the selection of therapeutic regimens with optimal efficacy and minimal toxicity for each patient, which has been termed personalized treatment. This review summarizes currently available predictive and prognostic chemosensitivity tests for metastatic CRC.
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20
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Findlay JM, Middleton MR, Tomlinson I. A systematic review and meta-analysis of somatic and germline DNA sequence biomarkers of esophageal cancer survival, therapy response and stage. Ann Oncol 2014; 26:624-644. [PMID: 25214541 PMCID: PMC4374384 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next generation sequencing reinforce the potential for DNA sequence markers to guide esophageal cancer management. We report the first systematic review and meta-analysis, identifying 94 markers of outcome and 41 of stage. Overall, evidence was poor. Meta-analyses demonstrated outcome associations for 6 tumor and 9 germline variants: priorities for prospective evaluation. Introduction There is an urgent need for biomarkers to help predict prognosis and guide management of esophageal cancer. This review identifies, evaluates and meta-analyses the evidence for reported somatic and germline DNA sequence biomarkers of outcome and stage. Methods A systematic review was carried out of the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases (20 August 2014), in conjunction with the ASCO Level of Evidence scale for biomarker research. Meta-analyses were carried out for all reported markers associated with outcome measures by more than one study. Results Four thousand and four articles were identified, 762 retrieved and 182 studies included. There were 65 reported markers of survival or recurrence 12 (18.5%) were excluded due to multiple comparisons. Following meta-analysis, significant associations were seen for six tumor variants (mutant TP53 and PIK3CA, copy number gain of ERBB2/HER2, CCND1 and FGF3, and chromosomal instability/ploidy) and seven germline polymorphisms: ERCC1 rs3212986, ERCC2 rs1799793, TP53 rs1042522, MDM2 rs2279744, TYMS rs34743033, ABCB1 rs1045642 and MTHFR rs1801133. Twelve germline markers of treatment complications were reported; 10 were excluded. Two tumor and 15 germline markers (11 excluded) of chemo (radio)therapy response were reported. Following meta-analysis, associations were demonstrated for mutant TP53, ERCC1 rs11615 and XRCC1 rs25487. There were 41 tumor/germline reported markers of stage; 27 (65.9%) were excluded. Conclusions Numerous DNA markers of outcome and stage have been reported, yet few are backed by high-quality evidence. Despite this, a small number of variants appear reliable. These merit evaluation in prospective trials, within the context of high-throughput sequencing and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Findlay
- Molecular and Population Genetics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford; Oxford OesophagoGastric Centre
| | - M R Middleton
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - I Tomlinson
- Molecular and Population Genetics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Ding X, Tsang SY, Ng SK, Xue H. Application of Machine Learning to Development of Copy Number Variation-based Prediction of Cancer Risk. GENOMICS INSIGHTS 2014. [PMID: 26203258 PMCID: PMC4504076 DOI: 10.4137/gei.s15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, recurrent copy number variations (CNVs) from non-tumor blood cell DNAs of Caucasian non-cancer subjects and glioma, myeloma, and colorectal cancer-patients, and Korean non-cancer subjects and hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer patients, were found to reveal for each of the two ethnic cohorts highly significant differences between cancer patients and controls with respect to the number of CN-losses and size-distribution of CN-gains, suggesting the existence of recurrent constitutional CNV-features useful for prediction of predisposition to cancer. Upon identification by machine learning, such CNV-features could extensively discriminate between cancer-patient and control DNAs. When the CNV-features selected from a learning-group of Caucasian or Korean mixed DNAs consisting of both cancer-patient and control DNAs were employed to make predictions on the cancer predisposition of an unseen test group of mixed DNAs, the average prediction accuracy was 93.6% for the Caucasian cohort and 86.5% for the Korean cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Ding
- Applied Genomics Center and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shui-Ying Tsang
- Applied Genomics Center and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Siu-Kin Ng
- Applied Genomics Center and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Xue
- Applied Genomics Center and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Brücher BLDM, Lyman G, van Hillegersberg R, Pollock RE, Lordick F, Yang HK, Ushijima T, Yeoh KG, Skricka T, Polkowski W, Wallner G, Verwaal V, Garofalo A, D'Ugo D, Roviello F, Steinau HU, Wallace TJ, Daumer M, Maihle N, Reid TJ, Ducreux M, Kitagawa Y, Knuth A, Zilberstein B, Steele SR, Jamall IS. Imagine a world without cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:186. [PMID: 24629025 PMCID: PMC3995593 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the “War on Cancer” was declared in 1971, the United States alone has expended some $300 billion on research, with a heavy focus on the role of genomics in anticancer therapy. Voluminous data have been collected and analyzed. However, in hindsight, any achievements made have not been realized in clinical practice in terms of overall survival or quality of life extended. This might be justified because cancer is not one disease but a conglomeration of multiple diseases, with widespread heterogeneity even within a single tumor type. Discussion Only a few types of cancer have been described that are associated with one major signaling pathway. This enabled the initial successful deployment of targeted therapy for such cancers. However, soon after this targeted approach was initiated, it was subverted as cancer cells learned and reacted to the initial treatments, oftentimes rendering the treatment less effective or even completely ineffective. During the past 30 plus years, the cancer classification used had, as its primary aim, the facilitation of communication and the exchange of information amongst those caring for cancer patients with the end goal of establishing a standardized approach for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. This approach should be modified based on the recent research to affect a change from a service-based to an outcome-based approach. The vision of achieving long-term control and/or eradicating or curing cancer is far from being realized, but not impossible. In order to meet the challenges in getting there, any newly proposed anticancer strategy must integrate a personalized treatment outcome approach. This concept is predicated on tumor- and patient-associated variables, combined with an individualized response assessment strategy for therapy modification as suggested by the patient’s own results. As combined strategies may be outcome-orientated and integrate tumor-, patient- as well as cancer-preventive variables, this approach is likely to result in an optimized anticancer strategy. Summary Herein, we introduce such an anticancer strategy for all cancer patients, experts, and organizations: Imagine a World without Cancer.
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Wang J, Guo C, Liu S, Qi H, Yin Y, Liang R, Sun MZ, Greenaway FT. Annexin A11 in disease. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 431:164-8. [PMID: 24508622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed in many cell types, annexin A11 (Anxa11) is a member of the multigene family of Ca(2+)-regulated phospholipid-dependent and membrane-binding annexin proteins. Studies have shown that Anxa11 plays an important role in cell division, Ca(2+) signaling, vesicle trafficking and apoptosis. The deregulation and mutation of Anxa11 are involved in systemic autoimmune diseases, sarcoidosis and the development, chemoresistance and recurrence of cancers. Malfunction of Anxa11 may lead to or enhance the metastasis, invasion and drug resistance of cancers through the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) pathway and/or the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p53 pathway. In a variety of diseases, Anxa11 is most commonly reported to function through interactions with apoptosis-linked gene-2 protein (ALG-2) and/or calcyclin (S100A6). Although it has been little studied, Anxa11 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of certain diseases. In this review, the associations of Anxa11 with Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis, cytokinesis, sex differentiation, autoimmune diseases, thrombolysis and cancers are summarized and interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Houbao Qi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuling Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Frederick T Greenaway
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
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Wormald S, Milla L, O'Connor L. Association of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms with somatic mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway. BMC Med Genomics 2013; 6:43. [PMID: 24152305 PMCID: PMC4016273 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-6-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour growth in colorectal cancer and other solid cancers is frequently supported by activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway (Patholog Res Int 2011:932932, 2011). Treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer with targeted anti-EGFR therapeutics such as cetuximab extends survival in only 25% of patients who test wild-type for KRAS, while the majority of patients prove resistant (J Clin Oncol 28(7):1254–1261, 2010). Prediction of cetuximab responsiveness for KRAS wild-type colorectal cancers is currently not well defined, and prognostic biomarkers would help tailor treatment to individual patients. Somatic mutation of the EGFR signalling pathway is a prevalent mechanism of resistance to cetuximab (Nature 486(7404):532–536, 2012). If the human genome harbours variants that influence susceptibility of the EGFR pathway to oncogenic mutation, such variants could also be prognostic for cetuximab responsiveness. Methods We assessed whether patient genetic variants may associate with somatic mutation of the EGFR signalling pathway. We combined tumour mutation data from the Cancer Genome Atlas with matched patient genetic data, and tested for germline variants that associate with somatic mutation of the EGFR pathway (including EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, PTEN and PIK3CA). Results Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located 90 kb upstream of the TERT oncogene associated with somatic mutation of the EGFR pathway beyond the threshold of genome-wide significance: rs7736074 (P = 4.64 × 10-9) and rs4975596 (P = 5.69 × 10-9). We show that allelic variants of rs7736074 and rs4975596 modulate TERT expression levels in multiple cancer types, and exhibit preliminary prognostic value for response to cetuximab. Conclusions We have identified two germline SNPs that associate with somatic mutation of the EGFR pathway, and may be prognostic for cetuximab responsiveness. These variants could potentially contribute to a panel of prognostic biomarkers for assessing whether metastatic colorectal cancer patients are likely to derive benefit from cetuximab treatment. Genotyping of a large cohort of cetuximab-treated colorectal cancer patients is called for to further clarify the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Wormald
- Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
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Silvestri A, Pin E, Huijbers A, Pellicani R, Parasido EM, Pierobon M, Petricoin E, Liotta L, Belluco C. Individualized therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. J Intern Med 2013; 274:1-24. [PMID: 23527888 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic therapeutic efficacy is central to determining the outcome of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In these patients, there is a critical need for predictive biomarkers to optimize efficacy whilst minimizing toxicity. The integration of a new generation of molecularly targeted drugs into the treatment of CRC, coupled with the development of sophisticated technologies for individual tumours as well as patient molecular profiling, underlines the potential for personalized medicine. In this review, we focus on the latest progress made within the genomic and proteomic fields, concerning predictive biomarkers for individualized therapy in metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Silvestri
- Division of Experimental Oncology 2, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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Feasibility of proposed single-nucleotide polymorphisms as predictive markers for targeted regimens in metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:1862-9. [PMID: 23579219 PMCID: PMC3658526 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Surrogate biomarkers for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are urgently needed to achieve the best outcomes for targeted therapy. Methods: A clinical association analysis was performed to examine the three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were previously proposed as markers of chemosensitivity to the cetuximab (124 patients) and bevacizumab regimens (100 patients) in mCRC patients. In addition, biological correlations were examined for the candidate SNPs in terms of their regulatory pathway. Results: For cetuximab regimens, patients homozygous for the wild-type alleles (GG) of LIFR rs3729740 exhibited a 1.9 times greater overall response rate (ORR) and 1.4 months longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those homozygous or heterozygous for the mutant allele (GA and AA; P=0.022 and 0.027, respectively). For bevacizumab regimens, patients homozygous for the minor alleles (TT) of ANXA11 rs1049550 exhibited an ORR twice as high as those homozygous or heterozygous for the ancestral allele (CC and CT; P=0.031). Overall response rate gain was achieved up to 10% in patients with wild-type LIFR rs3729740 patients either with wild-type KRAS or skin toxicity (P=0.001) respectively. Specifically in clones treated with cetuximab and bevacizumab regimens, active p-ERK and MMP-9 expressions were significantly reduced in clones expressing wild-type LIFR rs3729740 (P=0.044) and in those expressing minor-type ANXA11 rs1049550 (P=0.007), respectively. Conclusion: LIFR rs3729740 and possibly ANXA11 rs1049550 may be useful as biomarkers for predicting whether mCRC patients are sensitive to relevant target regimens, although further validation in large cohorts is needed.
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Westbrook K, Stearns V. Pharmacogenomics of breast cancer therapy: an update. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:1-11. [PMID: 23500718 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of breast cancer have long played an important role in treatment decision-making. Well-recognized prognostic factors include tumor size, node status, presence or absence of metastases, tumor grade, and hormone receptor expression. High tumor grade, presence of hormone receptors, and HER2-positivity are a few predictive markers of response to chemotherapy, endocrine manipulations, and anti-HER2 agents, respectively. However, there is much heterogeneity of outcomes in patients with similar clinical and pathologic features despite equivalent treatment regimens. Some of the differences in response to specific therapies can be attributed to somatic tumor characteristics, such as degree of estrogen receptor expression and HER2 status. In recent years, there has been great interest in evaluating the role that pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics, or variations in germline DNA, play in alteration of drug metabolism and activity, thus leading to disparate outcomes among patients with similar tumor characteristics. The utility of these variations in treatment decision-making remains debated. Here we review the data available to date on genomic variants that may influence response to drugs commonly used to treat breast cancer. While none of the variants reported to date have demonstrated clinical utility, ongoing prospective studies and increasing understanding of pharmacogenetics will allow us to better predict risk of toxicity or likelihood of response to specific treatments and to provide a more personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Westbrook
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Breast Cancer Program, DUMC Box 3893, 10 Searle Dr., Sealy Mudd Bldg. Room 449A, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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Kim JC, Ha YJ, Roh SA, Cho DH, Choi EY, Kim TW, Kim JH, Kang TW, Kim SY, Kim YS. Novel single-nucleotide polymorphism markers predictive of pathologic response to preoperative chemoradiation therapy in rectal cancer patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013; 86:350-7. [PMID: 23490283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies aimed at predicting individual responsiveness to preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) are urgently needed, especially considering the risks associated with poorly responsive patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS A 3-step strategy for the determination of CRT sensitivity is proposed based on (1) the screening of a human genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in correlation with histopathologic tumor regression grade (TRG); (2) clinical association analysis of 113 patients treated with preoperative CRT; and (3) a cell-based functional assay for biological validation. RESULTS Genome-wide screening identified 9 SNPs associated with preoperative CRT responses. Positive responses (TRG 1-3) were obtained more frequently in patients carrying the reference allele (C) of the SNP CORO2A rs1985859 than in those with the substitution allele (T) (P=.01). Downregulation of CORO2A was significantly associated with reduced early apoptosis by 27% (P=.048) and 39% (P=.023) in RKO and COLO320DM colorectal cancer cells, respectively, as determined by flow cytometry. Reduced radiosensitivity was confirmed by colony-forming assays in the 2 colorectal cancer cells (P=.034 and .015, respectively). The SNP FAM101A rs7955740 was not associated with radiosensitivity in the clinical association analysis. However, downregulation of FAM101A significantly reduced early apoptosis by 29% in RKO cells (P=.047), and it enhanced colony formation in RKO cells (P=.001) and COLO320DM cells (P=.002). CONCLUSION CRT-sensitive SNP markers were identified using a novel 3-step process. The candidate marker CORO2A rs1985859 and the putative marker FAM101A rs7955740 may be of value for the prediction of radiosensitivity to preoperative CRT, although further validation is needed in large cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Loupakis F, Schirripa M, Zhang W, Falcone A, Lenz HJ. Pharmacogenetic Concerns in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Therapy. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-012-0137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Clinical efficacy and safety of bevacizumab monotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma: predictive importance of induced early hypertension. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38364. [PMID: 22719881 PMCID: PMC3376108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGF driven angiogenesis plays a key role in cancer progression. We determined the clinical efficacy of bevacizumab monotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma. METHODS AND FINDINGS Thirty-five patients with metastatic melanoma in progression were enrolled in this phase II, single arm clinical trial. Each patient received bevacizumab monotherapy 10 mg/kg q14 d until intolerable toxicity or disease progression occurred. Clinical efficacy was evaluated as objective response, disease control (DC), and survival. We observed one complete (3%) and 5 partial (14%) responses. In addition, 5 patients experienced stable disease >6 months (14%) while 24 patients had progressive disease (PD, 69%), corresponding to a total DC at 6 months in 11 out of 35 patients (31%). Median progression free survival (PFS) was 2.14 months and median overall survival (OS) was 9 months (1.12-49). Seven of the 11 patients experiencing DC developed early hypertension (<2 months) compared to 3/24 of patients with PD (P = 0.001), and hypertension was associated with PFS (P = 0.005) and OS (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION Bevacizumab monotherapy demonstrated promising clinical efficacy in patients with metastatic melanoma with disease control in 31% of the patients. Induced early hypertension was a marker for clinical efficacy of bevacizumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00139360.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2012; 24:345-9. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e328352df9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Benhaim L, Labonte MJ, Lenz HJ. Pharmacogenomics and metastatic colorectal cancer: current knowledge and perspectives. Scand J Gastroenterol 2012; 47:325-39. [PMID: 22182673 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2012.640832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacogenomics field is crucial for optimizing the selection of which chemotherapy regimen to use according to the patient's genomic profile. Indeed, the individual's inherited genome accounts for a large proportion of the variation in his or her response to chemotherapeutic agents both in terms of efficiency and toxicity. Patients with metastatic disease are more likely to receive different lines of chemotherapy with variable efficacy and experience some related complications. It is therefore critical to tailor the best therapeutic arsenal to improve the efficacy and avoid as much as possible related complications that are susceptible to interrupt the treatment. The pharmacogenomics approach investigates for each drug the implicated metabolic pathway and the potential personal variations in gene function. The aim of this review is to present a clear overview of the most accurate polymorphisms that have been identified as related to drug response in patients with mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Benhaim
- Division of Medical Oncology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Bocci G, Loupakis F. Bevacizumab pharmacogenetics in tumor treatment: still looking for the right pieces of the puzzle. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 12:1077-80. [PMID: 21843059 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Bergmann C, Bachmann HS, Bankfalvi A, Lotfi R, Pütter C, Wild CA, Schuler PJ, Greve J, Hoffmann TK, Lang S, Scherag A, Lehnerdt GF. Toll-like receptor 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Transl Med 2011; 9:139. [PMID: 21854645 PMCID: PMC3170603 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation plays an important role in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). This study addresses the impact of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile of the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 gene on the clinical outcome while accounting for the influence of adjuvant systemic therapy in a large cohort of HNSCC patients. Methods Genotype analysis was done using DNA from tissue samples from 188 patients with HNSCC; TLR4 protein expression was assessed immunohistochemically in tissue microarrays. Classical survival models were used for statistical analyses. Results Ten percent of patients with HNSCC presented with the TLR4 299Gly and 17% with the TLR4 399Ile allele. Patients with the heterozygous genotype TLR4 Asp299Gly had a significantly reduced disease-free and overall survival. Also, patients with the heterozygous genotype TLR4 Thr399Ile had a reduced disease-free survival. Notably, these associations seem to be attributable to relatively poor therapy response as e.g. reflected in a significantly shorter DFS among HNSCC patients carrying the Asp299Gly variant and receiving adjuvant systemic therapy. Conclusion According to this study, TLR4 299Gly und 399Ile alleles may serve as markers for prognosis of head and neck cancer in patients with adjuvant systemic therapy, particularly chemotherapy, and might indicate therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bergmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45127 Essen, Germany.
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Kim JC, Lee HC, Cho DH, Choi EY, Cho YK, Ha YJ, Choi PW, Roh SA, Kim SY, Kim YS. Genome-wide identification of possible methylation markers chemosensitive to targeted regimens in colorectal cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2011; 137:1571-80. [PMID: 21850381 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-011-1036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few efficient methylation markers of chemosensitivity have been discovered. The genome-wide analysis of methylation markers is needed to identify chemosensitive candidates to targeted therapy. METHODS This study describes a two-step process to select chemosensitive candidates of methylation genes. A genome-wide screening of methylation genes was performed using a Beadarray and an in vitro chemosensitivity assay of 119 colorectal cancers (CRCs). Ten candidate genes identified during the initial screening were verified by biological utility assessment using cell viability assays of transfected CRC cells. RESULTS Five methylation genes related to sensitivity to bevacizumab regimens (RASSF1, MMP25, KCNQ1, ESR1, and GALR2) or cetuximab regimens (SCL18A2, GPX7, NID2, IGFBP3, and ALX4) were chosen during the first step. A viability assay revealed that GALR2-overexpressing HCT116 cells were significantly more chemosensitive to bevacizumab regimens than control cells (P = 0.022 and 0.019 for bevacizumab with FOLFIRI and FOLFOX, respectively), concurrently verified on a caspase-3 activity assay. GPX7- or ALX4-overexpressed RKO cells were significantly less viable to cetuximab regimens compared to control cells (GPX7: P = 0.027 each for cetuximab with FOLFIRI and FOLFOX; ALX4: P = 0.049 and 0.003 for cetuximab with FOLFIRI and FOLFOX, respectively), but caspase-3 activity was not prominent in GPX7-overexpressed RKO cells. CONCLUSIONS Two novel genes, GALR2 and ALX4, have been identified as chemosensitive methylation candidates to bevacizumab and cetuximab regimens, respectively. As our study did not include a clinical association study, the two candidates should be validated in large clinical cohorts, hopefully predicting responsive patients to targeted regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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