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Stöth M, Mineif AT, Sauer F, Meyer TJ, Mueller-Diesing F, Haug L, Scherzad A, Steinke M, Rossi A, Hackenberg S. A Tissue Engineered 3D Model of Cancer Cell Invasion for Human Head and Neck Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4049-4062. [PMID: 38785518 PMCID: PMC11119844 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with aggressive local invasiveness, being a main reason for its poor prognosis. The exact mechanisms underlying the strong invasive abilities of HNSCC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, there is a need for in vitro models to study the interplay between cancer cells and normal adjacent tissue at the invasive tumor front. To generate oral mucosa tissue models (OMM), primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts from human oral mucosa were isolated and seeded onto a biological scaffold derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa with preserved mucosa. Thereafter, we tested different methods (single tumor cells, tumor cell spots, spheroids) to integrate the human cancer cell line FaDu to generate an invasive three-dimensional model of HNSCC. All models were subjected to morphological analysis by histology and immunohistochemistry. We successfully built OMM tissue models with high in vivo-in vitro correlation. The integration of FaDu cell spots and spheroids into the OMM failed. However, with the integration of single FaDu cells into the OMM, invasive tumor cell clusters developed. Between segments of regular epithelial differentiation of the OMM, these clusters showed a basal membrane penetration and lamina propria infiltration. Primary human fibroblasts and keratinocytes seeded onto a porcine carrier structure are suitable to build an OMM. The HNSCC model with integrated FaDu cells could enable subsequent investigations into cancer cell invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Stöth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Teresa Mineif
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (A.T.M.)
| | - Fabian Sauer
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (A.T.M.)
| | - Till Jasper Meyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Flurin Mueller-Diesing
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Lukas Haug
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Steinke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; (A.T.M.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, 97082 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Angela Rossi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, 97082 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (M.S.); (T.J.M.); (F.M.-D.); (A.S.); (M.S.)
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Li Z, Ma Z, Wang S, Yan Q, Zhuang H, Zhou Z, Liu C, Chen Y, Han M, Wu Z, Huang S, Zhou Q, Hou B, Zhang C. LINC00909 up-regulates pluripotency factors and promotes cancer stemness and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by targeting SMAD4. Biol Direct 2024; 19:24. [PMID: 38504385 PMCID: PMC10949730 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer stem cells are crucial for tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Presently, long non-coding RNAs were found to be associated with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma stemness characteristics but the underlying mechanism is largely known. Here, we aim to explore the function of LINC00909 in regulating pancreatic cancer stemness and cancer metastasis. METHODS The expression level and clinical characteristics of LINC00909 were verified in 80-paired normal pancreas and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma tissues from Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital cohort by in situ hybridization. RNA sequencing of PANC-1 cells with empty vector or vector encoding LINC00909 was experimented for subsequent bioinformatics analysis. The effect of LINC00909 in cancer stemness and metastasis was examined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The interaction between LINC00909 with SMAD4 and the pluripotency factors were studied. RESULTS LINC00909 was generally upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and was associated with inferior clinicopathologic features and outcome. Over-expression of LINC00909 enhanced the expression of pluripotency factors and cancer stem cells phenotype, while knock-down of LINC00909 decreased the expression of pluripotency factors and cancer stem cells phenotype. Moreover, LINC00909 inversely regulated SMAD4 expression, knock-down of SMAD4 rescued the effect of LINC00909-deletion inhibition on pluripotency factors and cancer stem cells phenotype. These indicated the effect of LINC00909 on pluripotency factors and CSC phenotype was dependent on SMAD4 and MAPK/JNK signaling pathway, another downstream pathway of SMAD4 was also activated by LINC00909. Specifically, LINC00909 was localized in the cytoplasm in pancreatic cancer cells and decreased the stability the SMAD4 mRNA. Finally, we found over-expression of LINC00909 not only accelerated tumor growth in subcutaneous mice models, but also facilitated tumorigenicity and spleen metastasis in orthotopic mice models. CONCLUSION We demonstrate LINC00909 inhibits SMAD4 expression at the post-transcriptional level, which up-regulates the expression of pluripotency factors and activates the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway, leading to enrichment of cancer stem cells and cancer metastasis in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Heyuan people's Hospital, Heyuan, 517000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zuyi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shujie Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Hongkai Zhuang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Yubin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Mingqian Han
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Zelong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
| | - Shanzhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Heyuan people's Hospital, Heyuan, 517000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Huizhou, Guangdong, 516081, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Heyuan people's Hospital, Heyuan, 517000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China.
| | - Chuanzhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Heyuan people's Hospital, Heyuan, 517000, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510515, China.
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, China.
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Tao J, Xue C, Cao M, Ye J, Sun Y, Chen H, Guan Y, Zhang W, Zhang W, Yao Y. Protein disulfide isomerase family member 4 promotes triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis and radiotherapy resistance through JNK pathway. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:1. [PMID: 38167446 PMCID: PMC10759449 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite radiotherapy ability to significantly improve treatment outcomes and survival in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, acquired resistance to radiotherapy poses a serious clinical challenge. Protein disulfide isomerase exists in endoplasmic reticulum and plays an important role in promoting protein folding and post-translational modification. However, little is known about the role of protein disulfide isomerase family member 4 (PDIA4) in TNBC, especially in the context of radiotherapy resistance. METHODS We detected the presence of PDIA4 in TNBC tissues and paracancerous tissues, then examined the proliferation and apoptosis of TNBC cells with/without radiotherapy. As part of the validation process, xenograft tumor mouse model was used. Mass spectrometry and western blot analysis were used to identify PDIA4-mediated molecular signaling pathway. RESULTS Based on paired clinical specimens of TNBC patients, we found that PDIA4 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, PDIA4 knockdown not only increased apoptosis of tumor cells with/without radiotherapy, but also decreased the ability of proliferation. In contrast, overexpression of PDIA4 induced the opposite effects on apoptosis and proliferation. According to Co-IP/MS results, PDIA4 prevented Tax1 binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1) degradation by binding to TAX1BP1, which inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Moreover, PDIA4 knockdown suppressed tumor growth xenograft model in vivo, which was accompanied by an increase in apoptosis and promoted tumor growth inhibition after radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that PDIA4 is an oncoprotein that promotes TNBC progression, and targeted therapy may represent a new and effective anti-tumor strategy, especially for patients with radiotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Tao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cailin Xue
- Division of Hepatobilliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yulu Sun
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yinan Guan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zhou F, Wang L, Ge H, Zhang D, Wang W. H3K27 acetylation activated-CD109 evokes 5-fluorouracil resistance in gastric cancer via the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2857-2866. [PMID: 37661780 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a considerable obstacle to gastric cancer (GC) treatment. The current work aimed to elucidate the functional mechanism of CD109 in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in GC. In this study, we demonstrated that CD109 was extremely heightened in 5-FU-resistant GC cells. CD109 deficiency lessened the IC50 value, impaired cell viability and metastatic capability, and induced cell apoptosis after 5-FU treatment in cells. In addition, we found that PAX5 bound p300 increased the enrichment of H3K27ac at the promoter region of the CD109 gene, which resulted in the upregulation of CD109 in GC. Moreover, we also revealed that CD109 triggered 5-FU resistance via activating the JNK/MAPK signaling. Blockage of JNK/MAPK signaling using JNK inhibitor, SP600125, abolished CD109 upregulation-induced changes of IC50 values, cell viability, metastasis and apoptosis in NCI-N87/5-FU and SNU-1/5-FU cells. Importantly, CD109 silencing enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU, leading to reduced tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our results unveiled that H3K27 acetylation activated-CD109 enhanced 5-FU resistance of GC cells via modulating the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway, which might provide an attractive therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Leiming Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Han Ge
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Diancai Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Li K, Zeng X, Liu P, Zeng X, Lv J, Qiu S, Zhang P. The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4301-4315. [PMID: 37791117 PMCID: PMC10544098 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms through which inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, and cells contribute to the initiation and progression of HNSCC have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in HNSCC has been discussed to gain new insights into improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lv
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Longgang Otorhinolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Song J, Wu J, Ding J, Liang Y, Chen C, Liu Y. The effect of SMAD4 on the prognosis and immune response in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1139203. [PMID: 37035326 PMCID: PMC10076535 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1139203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In malignant tumors, elevated infiltration of intratumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T cells predicts a beneficial prognosis, whereas high levels of CD15+ neutrophils in peritumor tissues indicate poor prognosis. It is unclear how SMAD4, which promotes favorable clinical outcomes and antitumor immunoregulation, along with CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD15+ neutrophils exert an influence on hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC). Materials and methods Specimens were collected from 97 patients with HPC. Immunohistological analyses of SMAD4, CD8+ cytotoxic T cell and CD15+ neutrophil expression were performed. SMAD4 nuclear intensity was measured, meanwhile, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD15+ neutrophils were counted under a microscope. The prognostic role of SMAD4 was determined using the log-rank test and univariate and multivariate analyses. The relationship among SMAD4, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and CD15+ neutrophils was estimated by Mann-Whitney U test. Results High levels of SMAD4 were associated with favorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in HPC. Multivariate analysis suggested that SMAD4 is an independent predictor of OS and DFS. A high density of intratumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and low accumulation of CD15+ neutrophils in the peritumor area were associated with longer OS and DFS. Furthermore, SMAD4 was linked to the levels of intratumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and peritumoral CD15+ neutrophils. Patients with high SMAD4/high intratumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T cells or high SMAD4/low peritumoral CD15+ neutrophils showed the best prognosis. Conclusion SMAD4, CD8+ cytotoxic T cell level, and CD15+ neutrophil level have prognostic value in HPC. SMAD4 is a promising prognostic marker reflecting immune response in HPC.
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Wang D, Pei P, Shea FF, Bissonnette C, Nieto K, Din C, Liu Y, Schwendeman SP, Lin YX, Spinney R, Mallery SR. Fenretinide combines perturbation of signaling kinases, cell-extracellular matrix interactions and matrix metalloproteinase activation to inhibit invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:851-864. [PMID: 35974187 PMCID: PMC9587683 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membrane invasion defines malignant transformation of surface premalignancy. Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells with the synthetic vitamin A derivative, fenretinide (4HPR), induces numerous cancer-preventive effects including suppression of basement membrane invasion, elimination of anchorage-independent growth, disruption of actin cytoskeletal components and inhibition of the invasion-enabling focal adhesive kinase. The purpose of this study was to elucidate 4HPR's effects on additional invasion-relevant mechanisms including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation and function, cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) attachments and interaction with a kinase that is essential for the epithelial-myoepithelial transformation i.e. c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). Our data revealed that 4HPR binds with high affinity to the ATP-binding site of all three JNK isoforms with concurrent suppression of kinase function. Additional studies showed 4HPR treatment inhibited both OSCC cell-ECM adhesion and MMP activation and function. JNK downregulation and induced expression studies confirmed that the JNK3 isoform conveyed that largest impact on OSCC migration and invasion. Biodegradable polymeric implants formulated to preserve 4HPR's function and bioavailability were employed to assess 4HPR's chemopreventive impact on an OSCC tumor induction model. These studies revealed 4HPR local delivery significantly inhibited OSCC tumor size, mitotic indices and expression of the endothelial marker, erythroblast transformation-specific-related gene with concurrent increases in tumor apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3). Collectively, these data show that 4HPR suppresses invasion at multiple sites including 'outside-in' signaling, cell-ECM interactions and suppression of MMPs. These functions are also essential for physiologic function. Regulation is therefore essential and reinforces the pharmacologic advantage of local delivery chemopreventive formulations. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren Wang
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology & Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ping Pei
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology & Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fortune F Shea
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology & Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Caroline Bissonnette
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology & Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kari Nieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Corrine Din
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yayuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steven P Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yan X Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard Spinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Susan R Mallery
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology & Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer, Columbus, OH, USA
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8
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Cheng Y, Chen J, Shi Y, Fang X, Tang Z. MAPK Signaling Pathway in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biological Function and Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194625. [PMID: 36230547 PMCID: PMC9563402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cases. It is highly malignant and aggressive, with a poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of <50%. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have been performed on the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in oral cancer. The MAPK signaling pathway is activated in over 50% of human oral cancer cases. Herein, we review research progress on the MAPK signaling pathway and its potential therapeutic mechanisms and discuss its molecular targeting to explore its potential as a therapeutic strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Cheng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaodan Fang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Z.T.)
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Yao H, Song W, Cao R, Ye C, Zhang L, Chen H, Wang J, Shi Y, Li R, Li Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Shao R, Li L. An EGFR/HER2-targeted conjugate sensitizes gemcitabine-sensitive and resistant pancreatic cancer through different SMAD4-mediated mechanisms. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5506. [PMID: 36127339 PMCID: PMC9489697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance limits its clinical implementation for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We previously generated an EGFR/HER2 targeted conjugate, dual-targeting ligand-based lidamycin (DTLL), which shows a highly potent antitumor effect. To overcome chemoresistance in PDAC, we aim to study DTLL efficacy when combined with gemcitabine and explore its mechanisms of action. DTLL in combination with gemcitabine show a superior inhibitory effect on the growth of gemcitabine-resistant/sensitive tumors. DTLL sensitizes gemcitabine efficacy via distinct action mechanisms mediated by mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4). It not only prevents neoplastic proliferation via ATK/mTOR blockade and NF-κB impaired function in SMAD4-sufficient PDACs, but also restores SMAD4 bioactivity to trigger downstream NF-κB-regulated signaling in SMAD4-deficient tumors and to overcome chemoresistance. DTLL seems to act as a SMAD4 module that normalizes its function in PDAC, having a synergistic effect in combination with gemcitabine. Our findings provide insight into a rational SMAD4-directed precision therapy in PDAC. Chemoresistance is a main limitation for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, the authors show that an antibody drug conjugate-like compound targeting both EGFR and HER2 overcomes gemcitabine resistance in PDAC preclinical models by mechanisms involving the tumour suppressor SMAD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenping Song
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.,Academy of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.,Tianjin Municipal Health Commission, Tianjin, 300000, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hebing Chen
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P.R. China
| | - Junting Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Shi
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China
| | - Rongguang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology (IMB), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), NO.1 TiantanXili, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China.
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Yu Y, Zou YF, Hong RQ, Chen WJ, Chen L, Chen WQ, Wang HP, Yu Y. Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 decreased SMAD4 to induce gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer via EZH2-mediated epigenetic modification. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:981-991. [PMID: 36053032 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine resistance (GR) in pancreatic cancer (PC) results in poor patient outcomes. SMAD family member (Smad4) dysregulation is a significant role of GR in PC, and EZH2 is involved in Smad4 expression in tumor progression. Interestingly, lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) might interact with EZH2, indicating a potential pathway to overcome gemcitabine-resistant PC progression. We investigated the role of the SNHG16/EZH2/Smad4 pathway in gemcitabine-resistant PC cells (PANC-1/GR and SW1990/GR). First, we found that SNHG16 was upregulated both in wild-type PC cells and in gemcitabine-resistant PC cells. SNHG16 overexpression reduced gemcitabine cytotoxicity and apoptosis in PC cells. Meanwhile, SNHG16 upregulation caused p-Akt elevation and Smad4 reduction. However, SNHG16 silencing induced the opposite trend. Then, we found that EZH2 was enriched in SNHG16 based on RIP and RNA pulldown. In particular, SNHG16 overexpression promoted the interaction between EZH2 and the Smad4 promoter according to Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Finally, both EZH2 inhibition and Smad4 upregulation increased gemcitabine cytotoxicity and apoptosis in PC cells during SNHG16 overexpression. Moreover, both treatments decreased p-Akt and increased Smad4. Collectively, lncRNA SNHG16 decreased Smad4 to induce GR in PC via EZH2-mediated epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Run-Qi Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Peng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Saugstad AA, Petry N, Hajek C. Pharmacogenetic Review: Germline Genetic Variants Possessing Increased Cancer Risk With Clinically Actionable Therapeutic Relationships. Front Genet 2022; 13:857120. [PMID: 35685436 PMCID: PMC9170921 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.857120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of genomics and genetic testing continues to advance, the personalization of medical decision making is progressing simultaneously. By carefully crafting medical care to fit the specific needs of the individual, patients can experience better long-term outcomes, reduced toxicities, and improved healthcare experiences. Genetic tests are frequently ordered to help diagnose a clinical presentation and even to guide surveillance. Through persistent investigation, studies have begun to delineate further therapeutic implications based upon unique relationships with genetic variants. In this review, a pre-emptive approach is taken to understand the existing evidence of relationships between specific genetic variants and available therapies. The review revealed an array of diverse relationships, ranging from well-documented clinical approaches to investigative findings with potential for future application. Therapeutic agents identified in the study ranged from highly specific targeted therapies to agents possessing similar risk factors as a genetic variant. Working in conjunction with national standardized treatment approaches, it is critical that physicians appropriately consider these relationships when developing personalized treatment plans for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin A. Saugstad
- Kansas City University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Austin A. Saugstad,
| | - Natasha Petry
- Sanford Health Imagenetics, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Catherine Hajek
- Sanford Health Imagenetics, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
- University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
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12
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Krieg D, Winter G, Svilenov HL. It is never too late for a cocktail - Development and analytical characterization of fixed-dose antibody combinations. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2149-2157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lin S, Zhou J, Xiao Y, Neary B, Teng Y, Qiu P. Integrative analysis of TCGA data identifies miRNAs as drug-specific survival biomarkers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6785. [PMID: 35474090 PMCID: PMC9042876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers predictive of drug-specific outcomes are important tools for personalized medicine. In this study, we present an integrative analysis to identify miRNAs that are predictive of drug-specific survival outcome in cancer. Using the clinical data from TCGA, we defined subsets of cancer patients who suffered from the same cancer and received the same drug treatment, which we call cancer-drug groups. We then used the miRNA expression data in TCGA to evaluate each miRNA’s ability to predict the survival outcome of patients in each cancer-drug group. As a result, the identified miRNAs are predictive of survival outcomes in a cancer-specific and drug-specific manner. Notably, most of the drug-specific miRNA survival markers and their target genes showed consistency in terms of correlations in their expression and their correlations with survival. Some of the identified miRNAs were supported by published literature in contexts of various cancers. We explored several additional breast cancer datasets that provided miRNA expression and survival data, and showed that our drug-specific miRNA survival markers for breast cancer were able to effectively stratify the prognosis of patients in those additional datasets. Together, this analysis revealed drug-specific miRNA markers for cancer survival, which can be promising tools toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yiqiong Xiao
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Bridget Neary
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
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14
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Akiyama N, Yamamoto‐Fukuda T, Yoshikawa M, Kojima H. Analysis of the epidermal growth factor receptor/phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase‐1 axis in tumor of the external auditory canal in response to epidermal growth factor stimulation. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:730-739. [PMID: 35734041 PMCID: PMC9195017 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is related to the invasion and metastasis of external auditory canal (EAC) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase‐1 (PDPK1) accelerates tumor cell growth through anti‐apoptotic signaling under the influence of downstream EGFR‐mediated signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the EGFR/PDPK1 axis in the EAC under EGF stimulation. Methods We confirmed EGFR and PDPK1 expression in human EACSCC specimens immunohistochemically. We next transfected the EGF expression vector in the mouse EAC and then conducted a PDPK1 inhibitory experiment. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in the mouse EAC, using anti‐EGF, anti‐EGFR, anti‐PDPK1, and anti‐Ki67 antibodies. Immunohistochemical analysis of cleaved caspase‐3 and terminal deoxy(d)‐UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) detection assays were also performed for the assessment of apoptosis in the inhibitory experiment. Results Immunohistochemical analysis revealed overexpression and colocalization of EGFR and PDPK1 in human EACSCC specimens. The growth of a protuberant tumor was observed in the mouse EAC in which EGF expression vector was transfected, and EGF, EGFR, PDPK1, and Ki67 labeling indexes (LIs) were significantly increased. PDPK1 inhibition then induced normal epithelial appearance in the EAC. Moreover, EGF, EGFR, PDPK1, and Ki67 LIs were decreased, and cleaved caspase‐3 and TUNEL LIs were increased in the EAC. Conclusion We demonstrated the possibility that PDPK1 plays an important role in EACSCC. Level of Evidence: NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotaro Akiyama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Toho University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Mamoru Yoshikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Toho University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiromi Kojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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15
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Barbirou M, Miller A, Manjunath Y, Ramirez AB, Ericson NG, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Mitchem JB, Warren WC, Chaudhuri AA, Huang Y, Li G, Tonellato PJ, Kaifi JT. Single Circulating-Tumor-Cell-Targeted Sequencing to Identify Somatic Variants in Liquid Biopsies in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:750-763. [PMID: 35723337 PMCID: PMC8928994 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most cancer-related deaths worldwide. Liquid biopsy by a blood draw to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a tool for molecular profiling of cancer using single-cell and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The aim of the study was to identify somatic variants in single CTCs isolated from NSCLC patients by targeted NGS. Thirty-one subjects (20 NSCLC patients, 11 smokers without cancer) were enrolled for blood draws (7.5 mL). CTCs were identified by immunofluorescence, individually retrieved, and DNA-extracted. Targeted NGS was performed to detect somatic variants (single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (Indels)) across 65 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Cancer-associated variants were classified using OncoKB database. NSCLC patients had significantly higher CTC counts than control smokers (p = 0.0132; Mann–Whitney test). Analyzing 23 CTCs and 13 white blood cells across seven patients revealed a total of 644 somatic variants that occurred in all CTCs within the same subject, ranging from 1 to 137 per patient. The highest number of variants detected in ≥1 CTC within a patient was 441. A total of 18/65 (27.7%) genes were highly mutated. Mutations with oncogenic impact were identified in functional domains of seven oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes (NF1, PTCH1, TP53, SMARCB1, SMAD4, KRAS, and ERBB2). Single CTC-targeted NGS detects heterogeneous and shared mutational signatures within and between NSCLC patients. CTC single-cell genomics have potential for integration in NSCLC precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Barbirou
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (M.B.); (A.M.); (P.J.T.)
| | - Amanda Miller
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (M.B.); (A.M.); (P.J.T.)
| | - Yariswamy Manjunath
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (Y.M.); (K.F.S.-O.); (J.B.M.); (G.L.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | | | | | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (Y.M.); (K.F.S.-O.); (J.B.M.); (G.L.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jonathan B. Mitchem
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (Y.M.); (K.F.S.-O.); (J.B.M.); (G.L.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wesley C. Warren
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Animal Sciences and Surgery, Informatics and Data Sciences Institute, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Aadel A. Chaudhuri
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yi Huang
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (Y.M.); (K.F.S.-O.); (J.B.M.); (G.L.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Peter J. Tonellato
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (M.B.); (A.M.); (P.J.T.)
| | - Jussuf T. Kaifi
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (M.B.); (A.M.); (P.J.T.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (Y.M.); (K.F.S.-O.); (J.B.M.); (G.L.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (W.C.W.); (A.A.C.); (Y.H.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Dai CJ, Cao YT, Huang F, Wang YG. Multiple roles of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, drug resistance, and cancer therapy. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:41-53. [PMID: 35126827 PMCID: PMC8788178 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway controls many cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Abnormalities in the TGF-β signaling pathway and its components are closely related to the occurrence of many human diseases, including cancer. Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (Smad4), also known as deleted in pancreatic cancer locus 4, is a typical tumor suppressor candidate gene locating at q21.1 of human chromosome 18 and the common mediator of the TGF-β/Smad and bone morphogenetic protein/Smad signaling pathways. It is believed that Smad4 inactivation correlates with the development of tumors and stem cell fate decisions. Smad4 also interacts with cytokines, miRNAs, and other signaling pathways, jointly regulating cell behavior. However, the regulatory function of Smad4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, and drug resistance is currently controversial. In addition, Smad4 represents an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. Elucidating the specific role of Smad4 is important for understanding the mechanism of tumorigenesis and cancer treatment. Here, we review the identification and characterization of Smad4, the canonical TGF-β/Smad pathway, as well as the multiple roles of Smad4 in tumorigenesis, stem cells, and drug resistance. Furthermore, we provide novel insights into the prospects of Smad4-targeted cancer therapy and the challenges that it will face in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jing Dai
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Ting Cao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Gang Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
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17
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Raj S, Kesari KK, Kumar A, Rathi B, Sharma A, Gupta PK, Jha SK, Jha NK, Slama P, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D. Molecular mechanism(s) of regulation(s) of c-MET/HGF signaling in head and neck cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:31. [PMID: 35081970 PMCID: PMC8790852 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractHead and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer across the globe. This is generally associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Cancer in the pharynx majorly arises through human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, thus classifying head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) into HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCCs. Aberrant, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signal transduction favors HNSCC progression by stimulating proliferation, motility, invasiveness, morphogenesis, and angiogenesis. c-MET upregulation can be found in the majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. c-MET pathway acts on several downstream effectors including phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ), cellular Src kinase (c-Src), phosphotidylinsitol-3-OH kinase (PI3K), alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) pathways. c-MET also establishes a crosstalk pathway with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and contributes towards chemoresistance in HNSCC. In recent years, the signaling communications of c-MET/HGF in metabolic dysregulation, tumor-microenvironment and immune modulation in HNSCC have emerged. Several clinical trials have been established against c-MET/ hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling network to bring up targeted and effective therapeutic strategies against HNSCC. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism(s) and current understanding of c-MET/HGF signaling and its effect on HNSCC.
Graphical abstract
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18
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Loss of Smad4 promotes aggressive lung cancer metastasis by de-repression of PAK3 via miRNA regulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4853. [PMID: 34381046 PMCID: PMC8357888 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SMAD4 is mutated in human lung cancer, but the underlying mechanism by which Smad4 loss-of-function (LOF) accelerates lung cancer metastasis is yet to be elucidated. Here, we generate a highly aggressive lung cancer mouse model bearing conditional KrasG12D, p53fl/fl LOF and Smad4fl/fl LOF mutations (SPK), showing a much higher incidence of tumor metastases than the KrasG12D, p53fl/fl (PK) mice. Molecularly, PAK3 is identified as a downstream effector of Smad4, mediating metastatic signal transduction via the PAK3-JNK-Jun pathway. Upregulation of PAK3 by Smad4 LOF in SPK mice is achieved by attenuating Smad4-dependent transcription of miR-495 and miR-543. These microRNAs (miRNAs) directly bind to the PAK3 3'UTR for blockade of PAK3 production, ultimately regulating lung cancer metastasis. An inverse correlation between Smad4 and PAK3 pathway components is observed in human lung cancer. Our study highlights the Smad4-PAK3 regulation as a point of potential therapy in metastatic lung cancer.
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Muraro E, Fanetti G, Lupato V, Giacomarra V, Steffan A, Gobitti C, Vaccher E, Franchin G. Cetuximab in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Biological mechanisms involved in efficacy, toxicity and resistance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 164:103424. [PMID: 34245856 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction, the use of cetuximab in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has experienced an evolution. Currently, cetuximab associated with radiotherapy is limited to the treatment of patients affected by a locally advanced malignancy and unfit for cisplatin. However, reliable biomarkers of cetuximab efficacy in this cancer setting are still lacking. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action of cetuximab, highlighting, in particular, the consequences of the binding to EGFR, and the pathways involved in the development of adverse events or acquired resistance. Indeed, adverse events, such as skin rash, have been associated with cetuximab efficacy in HNSCC several times. Acquired resistance is associated with microenvironment plasticity, which is, in turn, characterized by an increased immune infiltrate. The better definition of patients eligible for this kind of therapy could improve HNSCC management, possibly proposing a combined treatment with radiotherapy, cetuximab and immune checkpoint inhibitors as recently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Muraro
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Department of Translational Research, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Fanetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Valentina Lupato
- Unit of Otolaryngology, General Hospital "S. Maria degli Angeli", Pordenone, Italy
| | - Vittorio Giacomarra
- Unit of Otolaryngology, General Hospital "S. Maria degli Angeli", Pordenone, Italy
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Department of Translational Research, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Carlo Gobitti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Emanuela Vaccher
- Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Giovanni Franchin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
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20
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Ren G, Ju H, Wu Y, Song H, Ma X, Ge M, Qiu W, Chen Y, He Y, Zhuang Q, Meng J, Guo W. A multicenter randomized phase II trial of hyperthermia combined with TPF induction chemotherapy compared with TPF induction chemotherapy in locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:939-947. [PMID: 34134574 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1937714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthermia has been reported to cause cancer stage regression, thus providing surgical opportunities in patients with unresectable tumors and improving the quality of life of patients by preserving certain organs. METHODS A prospective open-label phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of hyperthermia combined with induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Patients received hyperthermia combined with two cycles of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and docetaxel (TPF) induction chemotherapy regimens or TPF induction chemotherapy alone, followed by radical surgery with postoperative radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the clinical response rate of the induction chemotherapy. The secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and toxicity. RESULTS A total of 120 patients were enrolled, and 115 patients were included in the clinical response analysis. The clinical response rate was significantly higher in the experimental arm than in the control arm (65.45% vs. 40.00%, p = 0.0088). There were no unexpected toxicities, and hyperthermia and induction chemotherapy did not increase the perioperative morbidity rate. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in DFS, but no significant difference in OS between the two arms. In the subgroup analysis, increased OS and DFS rates were associated with patients with favorable clinical response after induction chemotherapy in the total population, experimental arm, and control arm. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that hyperthermia combined with induction chemotherapy is associated with a high response rate and provides a new treatment option for patients with resectable stage III or IVA OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Ren
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Houyu Ju
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunteng Wu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliu Qiu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhu Chen
- Biomedical Instrument Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwei Zhuang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Meng
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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21
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Kato S, Adashek JJ, Shaya J, Okamura R, Jimenez RE, Lee S, Sicklick JK, Kurzrock R. Concomitant MEK and Cyclin Gene Alterations: Implications for Response to Targeted Therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2792-2797. [PMID: 33472910 PMCID: PMC11005753 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cyclin and MAPK/MEK-related gene alterations are implicated in cell-cycle progression and cancer growth. Yet, monotherapy to target the cyclin (CDK4/6) or the MEK pathway has often yielded disappointing results. Because coalterations in cyclin and MEK pathway genes frequently cooccur, we hypothesized that resistance to CDK4/6 or MEK inhibitor monotherapy might be mediated via activation of oncogenic codrivers, and that combination therapy might be useful. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Herein, we describe 9 patients with advanced malignancies harboring concomitant CDKN2A and/or CDKN2B alterations (upregulate CDK4/6) along with KRAS or BRAF alterations (activate the MEK pathway) who were treated with palbociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) combination-based regimens. RESULTS Two patients (with pancreatic cancer) achieved a partial remission (PR) and, overall, 5 patients (56%) had clinical benefit (stable disease ≥ 6 months/PR) with progression-free survival of approximately 7, 9, 9, 11, and 17.5+ months. Interestingly, 1 of these patients whose cancer (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) had progressed on MEK targeting regimen, did well for about 1 year after palbociclib was added. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that cotargeting cyclin and MEK signaling can be successful when tumors bear genomic coalterations that activate both of these pathways. Further prospective studies using this matching precision strategy to overcome resistance are warranted.See related commentary by Groisberg and Subbiah, p. 2672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California.
| | - Jacob J Adashek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Justin Shaya
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryosuke Okamura
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Rebecca E Jimenez
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Suzanna Lee
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason K Sicklick
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, and Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
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22
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Wang Y, Xue Q, Zheng Q, Jin Y, Shen X, Yang M, Zhou X, Li Y. SMAD4 mutation correlates with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Transl Med 2021; 101:463-476. [PMID: 33303972 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SMAD4 is an intracellular signaling mediator of the TGF-β pathway. Its mutation was commonly observed in gastrointestinal cancers, such as pancreatic cancer. The loss of SMAD4 on immunohistochemical staining is often used to suggest a pancreaticobiliary differentiation in evaluating a metastatic adenocarcinoma with unknown origin. However, the function and molecular mechanism of SMAD4 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development are largely unknown. Thus, we studied the correlation between SMAD4 mutations and clinico-molecular features in the patients with NSCLC. We reported the frequencies and prognostic values of SMAD4 mutations in a Chinese NSCLC cohort using next-generation sequencing. The NSCLC cases from several public databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas and others, were also used in this study to elucidate SMAD4-related molecular partners and mechanisms. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were conducted, such as analysis of Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and survival analysis. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tissues harboring SMAD4 mutations tended to show SMAD4 deficiency or loss, while SMAD4 expression was significantly reduced at all stages of NSCLC cases. We found that reduced SMAD4 expression was more frequent in the patients with poor disease-free survival and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. SMAD4 mutation was an independent risk factor for the survival of NSCLC patients. The expression of SMAD4 was associated with that of SMAD2. The GSEA showed that SMAD4 might promote NSCLC progression by regulating proliferation, adhesion, and immune response. In conclusion, these data suggest that SMAD4 mutation or loss as well as reduced expression can be used to identify the NSCLC patients with poor survival and resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. SMAD4 may be a predictive marker or therapeutic target in NSCLC. The source code and user's guide are freely available at Github: https://github.com/wangyue77-ab/smad4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuxia Shen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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SMAD4 loss limits the vulnerability of pancreatic cancer cells to complex I inhibition via promotion of mitophagy. Oncogene 2021; 40:2539-2552. [PMID: 33686239 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer, which is attributed to lack of effective treatment options and drug resistance. Mitochondrial inhibitors have emerged as a promising class of anticancer drugs, and several inhibitors of the electron transport chain (ETC) are being clinically evaluated. We hypothesized that resistance to ETC inhibitors from the biguanide class could be induced by inactivation of SMAD4, an important tumor suppressor involved in transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling, and associated with altered mitochondrial activity. Here we show that, paradoxically, both TGFβ-treatment and the loss of SMAD4, a downstream member of TGFβ signaling cascade, induce resistance to biguanides, decrease mitochondrial respiration, and fragment the mitochondrial network. Mechanistically, the resistance of SMAD4-deficient cells is mediated by increased mitophagic flux driven by MAPK/ERK signaling, whereas TGFβ-induced resistance is autophagy-independent and linked to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, mitochondria-targeted tamoxifen, a complex I inhibitor under clinical trial, overcomes resistance mediated by SMAD4-deficiency or TGFβ signaling. Our data point to differential mechanisms underlying the resistance to treatment in PDAC arising from TGFβ signaling and SMAD4 loss, respectively. The findings will help the development of mitochondria-targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer patients with SMAD4 as a plausible predictive marker.
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24
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Guo X, Li M, Wang X, Pan Y, Li J. Correlation between loss of Smad4 and clinical parameters of non-small cell lung cancer: an observational cohort study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:111. [PMID: 33794845 PMCID: PMC8017835 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SMAD4 has been found to be inactivated to varying degrees in many types of cancer; the purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between SMAD4 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and clinical pathological parameters. Methods The serum concentration of SMAD4 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its histological expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry. Results The serum concentration of Smad4 in patients with NSCLC was lower than that in benign lung disease patients and healthy individuals (P < 0.001) and its concentration was related to the histological classification, pathological differentiation, lymphatic metastasis and clinical stage of NSCLC. The sensitivity and specificity of serum Smad4 were 91.56% and 61.56% for screening NSCLC from healthy individuals and 84.55% and 60.36% for screening NSCLC from patients with benign lung disease. Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of cell differentiation (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and clinical stage of NSCLC (P = 0.007) affected the expression of Smad4, and had a strong correlation with the expression of Smad4. The expression of Smad4 in NSCLC tissues was lower than that in normal lung tissues (P = 0.009) and its expression was related to the degree of tissue differentiation, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P < 0.05). Conclusions The downregulation or deletion of Smad4 is related to the malignant biological behavior of NSCLC and serum Smad4 could be considered as a potential molecular indicator for diagnosis and evaluation of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiashu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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Ortiz-Cuaran S, Bouaoud J, Karabajakian A, Fayette J, Saintigny P. Precision Medicine Approaches to Overcome Resistance to Therapy in Head and Neck Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:614332. [PMID: 33718169 PMCID: PMC7947611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.614332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most incident cancer worldwide. More than half of HNSCC patients experience locoregional or distant relapse to treatment despite aggressive multimodal therapeutic approaches that include surgical resection, radiation therapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy. Before the arrival of immunotherapy, systemic chemotherapy was previously employed as the standard first-line protocol with an association of cisplatin or carboplatin plus 5-fluorouracil plus cetuximab (anti-EFGR antibody). Unfortunately, acquisition of therapy resistance is common in patients with HNSCC and often results in local and distant failure. Despite our better understanding of HNSCC biology, no other molecular-targeted agent has been approved for HNSCC. In this review, we outline the mechanisms of resistance to the therapeutic strategies currently used in HNSCC, discuss combination treatment strategies to overcome them, and summarize the therapeutic regimens that are presently being evaluated in early- and late-phase clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ortiz-Cuaran
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jebrane Bouaoud
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Andy Karabajakian
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Fayette
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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26
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Ai L, Wang H. Effects of propofol and sevoflurane on tumor killing activity of peripheral blood natural killer cells in patients with gastric cancer. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520904861. [PMID: 32216484 PMCID: PMC7133410 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520904861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells in patients with gastric cancer. Methods Patients with gastric cancer were anesthetized by propofol or sevoflurane. Peripheral blood NK cells were isolated and co-cultured with BGC-823 gastric cancer cell culture supernatant, and the rate of apoptosis and effector molecules were analyzed by flow cytometry. Effects of propofol and sevoflurane on NK cell function and SMAD4 protein expression were investigated. Results Cytotoxicity of NK cells in patients with gastric cancer was inhibited before surgery, but it was enhanced in patients who were anesthetized by propofol compared with those who had sevoflurane. In vitro co-culture with BGC-823 cells significantly inhibited the cytotoxicity of NK cells, which was abolished by treatment of propofol or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. SMAD4 protein expression in the NK cell nucleus was significantly downregulated by TGF-β1 treatment and BGC-823 supernatant co-culture, and this expression could be restored by propofol. Conclusions Cytotoxicity of NK cells in patients with gastric cancer is low, but it can be promoted by propofol. Propofol regulates cytotoxicity in NK cells by promoting SMAD4, thereby affecting cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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27
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Paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in the progression and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 127:105846. [PMID: 32905855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. In spite of numerous advancements have been made in therapeutic methods, the prognosis of HNSCC patients remains poor. Therefore, investigation of crucial genes during HNSCC tumorigenesis which could be exploited as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is greatly needed. In this study, original data of four independent datasets was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed through R language to screen out differentially expressed genes. Paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 were selected to be further explored through multiple online databases. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunohistochemistry assay were adopted to validate the downregulation of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in HNSCC and statistical analysis indicated their close associations with patient prognosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory effect of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 on HNSCC progression. Overall, we identified the aberrant downregulation of paired like homeodomain 1 and SAM and SH3 domain-containing 1 in HNSCC and suggested the potential of utilizing them as therapeutic targets or efficient biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Our findings may provide novel evidences for the development of new strategies for HNSCC treatment.
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28
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Mishra RK, Ahmad A, Vyawahare A, Kumar A, Khan R. Understanding the Monoclonal Antibody Involvement in Targeting the Activation of Tumor Suppressor Genes. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1810-1823. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200616133814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have always provided outstanding therapeutic arsenal in the
treatment of cancer, be it hematological malignancies or solid tumors. Monoclonal antibodies mediated
targeting of cancer genes in general and tumor-suppressor genes, in particular, have appreciably allowed
the possibilities of trafficking these antibodies to specific tumor mechanisms and aim for the pin-point
maneuvered tumor treatment strategies. The conventional cancer treatment options are associated with
enormous limitations like drug resistance, acute and pan-toxic side effects and collateral damage to other
unrelated cells and organs. Therefore, monoclonal antibody-mediated treatments have some special advantages
of specific targeting of cancer-related genes and minimizing the off-target side effects. A large
number of monoclonal antibody-mediated treatment regimen viz. use of immunoconjugates, clinically
targeting TGFβ with pan-TGFβ monoclonal antibodies, p53 by its monoclonal antibodies and EGFRtargeted
monoclonal antibodies, etc. have been observed in the recent past. In this review, the authors
have discussed some of the significant advances in the context of targeting tumor suppressor genes with
monoclonal antibodies. Approximately 250 articles were scanned from research databases like PubMed
central, Europe PubMed Central and google scholar up to the date of inception, and relevant reports on
monoclonal antibody-mediated targeting of cancer genes were selected. mAb mediated targeting of tumor
suppressor genes is a recent grey paradigm, which has not been explored up to its maximum potential.
Therefore, this review will be of appreciable significance that it will boost further in-depth understanding
of various aspects of mAb arbitrated cancer targeting and will warrant and promote further rigorous
research initiatives in this regard. The authors expect that this review will acquaint the readers
with the current status regarding the recent progress in the domain of mAbs and their employability and
targetability towards tumor suppressor genes in anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Akshay Vyawahare
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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Patel A, Mohammad Abedi S, Lekkala M, Baumgart M. Genomic-based treatment of patients with head and neck cancer. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2020.1799710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Patel
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Abedi
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Manidhar Lekkala
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Megan Baumgart
- James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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30
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Stahler A, Stintzing S, von Einem JC, Westphalen CB, Heinrich K, Krämer N, Michl M, Modest DP, von Weikersthal LF, Decker T, Kiani A, Heintges T, Kahl C, Kullmann F, Scheithauer W, Moehler M, Kaiser F, Kirchner T, Jung A, Heinemann V. Single-nucleotide variants, tumour mutational burden and microsatellite instability in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Next-generation sequencing results of the FIRE-3 trial. Eur J Cancer 2020; 137:250-259. [PMID: 32810748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular biomarkers and primary tumour sidedness guide treatment decisions in metastatic colorectal cancer. Comprehensive molecular profiling aims to identify targetable alterations and measure tumour mutational burden (TMB) to enable precision oncology. MATERIAL AND METHODS FoundationOne® next-generation sequencing identified single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), copy number alterations, high TMB (TMB-H) and high-grade microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in patients treated in the FIRE-3 trial. Data were correlated with objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Three hundred seventy-three (49.6%) of 752 patients provided material for this analysis. Frequent SNVs included TP53, APC, KRAS, PIK3CA, BRAF, SMAD4 and FBXW7. KRAS, BRAF V600E and SMAD4 mutations were confirmed as prognostic biomarkers by logistic penalised regression for ORR. OS was significantly longer in patients with SMAD4 wild-type (WT) tumours than in those with SMAD4-mutated tumours (hazard ratio = 0.59 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 0.34-1.01], p = 0.05), with a higher probability of ORR [odds ratio, SMAD4 SNV versus WT = 0.32 [95% CI = 0.10-0.98], p = 0.05] when treated with cetuximab. MSI-H (30.0%, p = 0.03) and TMB-H (17.3%, p = 0.003) tumours were enriched by FBXW7 mutations. Numerically lower ORR, OS and PFS were observed in MSI-H tumours. CONCLUSIONS RAS, BRAF V600E and SMAD4 mutations were identified as poor prognostic biomarkers in patients of the FIRE-3 trial, whereas improved outcome was observed for BRAF non-V600E mutation. SMAD4 mutation might provide predictive relevance for cetuximab efficacy. MSI-H tumours showed numerically lower ORR, OS and PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arndt Stahler
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology (CCM), Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jobst C von Einem
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology (CCM), Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph B Westphalen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Heinrich
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Krämer
- STABURO Statistical Consulting GmbH, Aschauer Strasse 26b, 81549, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlies Michl
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik P Modest
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology (CVK), Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, MIttelallee 11, 10117, Berlin, Germany; DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Decker
- Onkologische Praxis, Elisabethenstrasse 19, 88212, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kiani
- Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Preuschwitzer Strasse 101, 95445, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tobias Heintges
- Department of Medicine II, Lukaskrankenhaus, Preussenstrasse 84, 41464, Neuss, Germany
| | - Christoph Kahl
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Magdeburg gGmbH, Birkenallee 34, 39130, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kullmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum Weiden, Soellnerstrasse 16, 92637, Weiden, Germany
| | - Werner Scheithauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I & CCC, Medical University Vienna, Heiligenstaedter Strasse 46-48, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Moehler
- University Medical Center Mainz, I. Dept. of Internal Medicine, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Kaiser
- VK&K Studien GbR, Achdorfer Weg 5a, 84036, Landshut, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse 36a, 80337, Munich, Germany; DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Institute of Pathology, University of Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse 36a, 80337, Munich, Germany; DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany; DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Dhamija S, Yang CM, Seiler J, Myacheva K, Caudron-Herger M, Wieland A, Abdelkarim M, Sharma Y, Riester M, Groß M, Maurer J, Diederichs S. A pan-cancer analysis reveals nonstop extension mutations causing SMAD4 tumour suppressor degradation. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:999-1010. [DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zahavi D, Weiner L. Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Therapy. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:E34. [PMID: 32698317 PMCID: PMC7551545 DOI: 10.3390/antib9030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy is now considered to be a main component of cancer therapy, alongside surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies possess a diverse set of clinically relevant mechanisms of action. In addition, antibodies can directly target tumor cells while simultaneously promoting the induction of long-lasting anti-tumor immune responses. The multifaceted properties of antibodies as a therapeutic platform have led to the development of new cancer treatment strategies that will have major impacts on cancer care. This review focuses on the known mechanisms of action, current clinical applications for the treatment of cancer, and mechanisms of resistance of monoclonal antibody therapy. We further discuss how monoclonal antibody-based strategies have moved towards enhancing anti-tumor immune responses by targeting immune cells instead of tumor antigens as well as some of the current combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zahavi
- Tumor Biology Training Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | - Louis Weiner
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Li Z, Liu FY, Kirkwood KL. The p38/MKP-1 signaling axis in oral cancer: Impact of tumor-associated macrophages. Oral Oncol 2020; 103:104591. [PMID: 32058294 PMCID: PMC7136140 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) constitute over 95% of all head and neck malignancies. As a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), chronic inflammation contributes towards the development, progression, and regional metastasis of OSCC. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) associated with OSSC promote tumorigenesis through the production of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors that are critical role in the various steps of malignant transformation, including tumor growth, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) can regulate inflammation along with a wide range of cellular processes including cell metabolism, proliferation, motility, apoptosis, survival, differentiation and play a crucial role in cell growth and survival in physiological and pathological processes including innate and adaptive immune responses. Dual specificity MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) deactivates MAPKs. MKPs are considered as an important feedback control mechanism that limits MAPK signaling and subsequent target gene expression. This review outlines the role of MKP-1, the founding member of the MKP family, in OSCC and the TME. Herein, we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulation of p38 MAPK/MKP-1 signaling pathways via TAM-related immune responses in OSCC development, progression and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Li
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Fa-yu Liu
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, China
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Keith L. Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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34
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Qian J, Zhao S, Zou Y, Rahman SMJ, Senosain MF, Stricker T, Chen H, Powell CA, Borczuk AC, Massion PP. Genomic Underpinnings of Tumor Behavior in In Situ and Early Lung Adenocarcinoma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:697-706. [PMID: 31747302 PMCID: PMC7068818 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0294oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: We have a limited understanding of the molecular underpinnings of early adenocarcinoma (ADC) progression. We hypothesized that the behavior of early ADC can be predicted based on genomic determinants.Objectives: To identify genomic alterations associated with resected indolent and aggressive early lung ADCs.Methods: DNA was extracted from 21 ADCs in situ (AISs), 27 minimally invasive ADCs (MIAs), and 54 fully invasive ADCs. This DNA was subjected to deep next-generation sequencing and tested against a custom panel of 347 cancer genes.Measurements and Main Results: Sequencing data was analyzed for associations among tumor mutation burden, frequency of mutations or copy number alterations, mutation signatures, intratumor heterogeneity, pathway alterations, histology, and overall survival. We found that deleterious mutation burden was significantly greater in invasive ADC, whereas more copy number loss was observed in AIS and MIA. Intratumor heterogeneity establishes early, as in AIS. Twenty-one significantly mutated genes were shared among the groups. Mutation signature profiling did not vary significantly, although the APOBEC signature was associated with ADC and poor survival. Subclonal KRAS mutations and a gene signature consisting of PIK3CG, ATM, EPPK1, EP300, or KMT2C mutations were also associated with poor survival. Mutations of KRAS, TP53, and NF1 were found to increase in frequency from AIS and MIA to ADC. A cancer progression model revealed selective early and late drivers.Conclusions: Our results reveal several genetic driver events, clonality, and mutational signatures associated with poor outcome in early lung ADC, with potential future implications for the detection and management of ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qian
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Early Cancer Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
- Center for Pecision Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics
| | | | - Yong Zou
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Early Cancer Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
| | - S. M. Jamshedur Rahman
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Early Cancer Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
| | - Maria-Fernanda Senosain
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Early Cancer Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
| | - Thomas Stricker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Heidi Chen
- Center for Pecision Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics
| | | | - Alain C. Borczuk
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Pierre P. Massion
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Early Cancer Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
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35
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Hernandez AL, Young CD, Bian L, Weigel K, Nolan K, Frederick B, Han G, He G, Devon Trahan G, Rudolph MC, Jones KL, Oweida AJ, Karam SD, Raben D, Wang XJ. PARP Inhibition Enhances Radiotherapy of SMAD4-Deficient Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Experimental Models. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3058-3070. [PMID: 32139402 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SMAD4 loss causes genomic instability and the initiation/progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here, we study whether SMAD4 loss sensitizes HNSCCs to olaparib (PARP inhibitor) in combination with radiotherapy (RT). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed HNSCC The Cancer Genome Atlas data for SMAD4 expression in association with FANC/BRCA family gene expression. Human HNSCC cell lines were screened for sensitivity to olaparib. Isogenic HNSCC cell lines were generated to restore or reduce SMAD4 expression and treated with olaparib, radiation, or the combination. HNSCC pretreatment specimens from a phase I trial investigating olaparib were analyzed. RESULTS SMAD4 levels correlated with levels of FANC/BRCA genes in HNSCC. HNSCC cell lines with SMAD4 homozygous deletion were sensitive to olaparib. In vivo, olaparib or RT monotherapy reduced tumor volumes in SMAD4-mutant but not SMAD4-positive tumors. Olaparib with RT dual therapy sustained tumor volume reduction in SMAD4-deficient (mutant or knockdown) xenografts, which exhibited increased DNA damage and cell death compared with vehicle-treated tumors. In vitro, olaparib alone or in combination with radiation caused lower clonogenic survival, more DNA damage-associated cell death, and less proliferation in SMAD4-deficient cells than in SMAD4-positive (endogenous SMAD4 or transduced SMAD4) cells. Applicable to clinic, 5 out of 6 SMAD4-negative HNSCCs and 4 out of 8 SMAD4-positive HNSCCs responded to a standard treatment plus olaparib in a phase I clinical trial, and SMAD4 protein levels inversely correlated with DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS SMAD4 levels are causal in determining sensitivity to PARP inhibition in combination with RT in HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christian D Young
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kelsey Weigel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kyle Nolan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Barbara Frederick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Gangwen Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Guanting He
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - G Devon Trahan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael C Rudolph
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ayman J Oweida
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David Raben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. .,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado
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36
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Targeting MAPK Signaling in Cancer: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031102. [PMID: 32046099 PMCID: PMC7037308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Here, we focus on the role of MAPK pathways in modulating drug sensitivity and resistance in cancer. We briefly discuss new findings in the extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, but mainly focus on the mechanisms how stress activated MAPK pathways, such as p38 MAPK and the Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), impact the response of cancer cells to chemotherapies and targeted therapies. In this context, we also discuss the role of metabolic and epigenetic aberrations and new therapeutic opportunities arising from these changes.
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RNF213 suppresses carcinogenesis in glioblastoma by affecting MAPK/JNK signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1506-1516. [PMID: 31953610 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in central nervous system. Due to absence of the mechanism underlying glioblastoma, the clinical outcome is poor. RNF213 is a ring finger protein and mutation in RNF213 gene is detected in cancers. But the role of RNF213 in glioblastoma is unknown. METHODS RNF213 expression was detected by qPCR, western blotting, IHC technology. RNF213 was overexpressed in plasmid pcDNA3.1. Assays including CCK-8, plate colony formation, wound healing, transwell and FITC/PI dye were used to detect cell behaviors. RESULTS RNF213 was shown to express much lower in tumor tissues and in tumor cell lines compared to control. The patients with higher RNF213 expression displayed longer survival time. When RNF213 was overexpressed in U87MG cells, cell proliferation and colony formation were inhibited significantly. The ability of cell migration and invasion was also suppressed. FAC analysis demonstrated that cell apoptosis was increased after RNF213 overexpression. But cell cycle distribution was not affected by RNF213. Then the expression level of MEKK1, JNK, c-Jun, and cdc42 was decreased after RNF213 overexpression, but increased reversely when RNF213 was knocked down by RNAi technology. CONCLUSIONS RNF213 suppresses carcinogenesis and affects MAPK/JNK signaling pathway in glioblastoma. This study suggests that RNF213 might be a promising target for therapy of glioblastoma.
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38
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Li Q, Dong H, Yang G, Song Y, Mou Y, Ni Y. Mouse Tumor-Bearing Models as Preclinical Study Platforms for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:212. [PMID: 32158692 PMCID: PMC7052016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical animal models of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been extensively studied in recent years. Investigating the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies of OSCC is required to further progress in this field, and a suitable research animal model that reflects the intricacies of cancer biology is crucial. Of the animal models established for the study of cancers, mouse tumor-bearing models are among the most popular and widely deployed for their high fertility, low cost, and molecular and physiological similarity to humans, as well as the ease of rearing experimental mice. Currently, the different methods of establishing OSCC mouse models can be divided into three categories: chemical carcinogen-induced, transplanted and genetically engineered mouse models. Each of these methods has unique advantages and limitations, and the appropriate application of these techniques in OSCC research deserves our attention. Therefore, this review comprehensively investigates and summarizes the tumorigenesis mechanisms, characteristics, establishment methods, and current applications of OSCC mouse models in published papers. The objective of this review is to provide foundations and considerations for choosing suitable model establishment methods to study the relevant pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and clinical treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yongbin Mou
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Yanhong Ni
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Lin LH, Chang KW, Cheng HW, Liu CJ. SMAD4 Somatic Mutations in Head and Neck Carcinoma Are Associated With Tumor Progression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1379. [PMID: 31867281 PMCID: PMC6909744 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the incidence and the mortality rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is increasing worldwide, gaining knowledge about the genomic changes which happen in the carcinogenesis of HNSCC is essential for the diagnosis and therapy of the disease. SMAD4 (DPC4) is a tumor suppressor gene. It is located at chromosome 18q21.1 and a member of the SMAD family. Which mediates the TGF-β signaling pathway, thereby controlling the growth of epithelial cells. In the study presented here, we analyzed tumor samples by multiplex PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) and found deleterious mutations of SMAD4 in 4.1% of the tumors. Knock-down experiments of endogenous and exogenous SMAD4 expression demonstrated that SMAD4 is involved in the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells. Functional analysis of a missense mutation in the MH1 domain of SMAD4 may be responsible for the loss of function in suppressing tumor progression. Missense SMAD4 mutations, therefore, could be useful prognostic determinants for patients affected by HNSCCs. This report is the first study where NGS analysis based on multiplex-PCR is used to demonstrate the imminent occurrence of missense SMAD4 mutations in HNSCC cells. The gene analysis that we performed may support the identification of SMAD4 mutations as a diagnostic marker or even as a potential therapeutic target in head and neck cancer. Moreover, the analytic strategy proposed for the detection of mutations in the SMAD4 gene may be validated as a platform to assist mutation screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shi J, Li Y, Jia R, Fan X. The fidelity of cancer cells in PDX models: Characteristics, mechanism and clinical significance. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:2078-2088. [PMID: 31479514 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are widely used as preclinical cancer models and are considered better than cell culture models in recapitulating the histological features, molecular characteristics and intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) of human tumors. While the PDX model is commonly accepted for use in drug discovery and other translational studies, a growing body of evidence has suggested its limitations. Recently, the fidelity of cancer cells within a PDX has been questioned, which may impede the future application of these models. In this review, we will focus the variable phenotypes of xenograft tumors and the genomic instability and molecular inconsistency of PDX tumors after serial transplantation. Next, we will discuss the underlying mechanism of ITH and its clinical relevance. Stochastic selection bias in the sampling process and/or deterministic clonal dynamics due to murine selective pressure may have detrimental effects on the results of personalized medicine and drug screening studies. In addition, we aim to identify a possible solution for the issue of fidelity in current PDX models and to discuss emerging next-generation preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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41
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Lu H, Lu Y, Xie Y, Qiu S, Li X, Fan Z. Rational combination with PDK1 inhibition overcomes cetuximab resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131106. [PMID: 31578313 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab, an EGFR-blocking antibody, is currently approved for treatment of metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but its response rate is limited. In addition to blocking EGFR-stimulated cell signaling, cetuximab can induce endocytosis of ASCT2, a glutamine transporter associated with EGFR in a complex, leading to glutathione biosynthesis inhibition and cellular sensitization to ROS. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK1), a key mitochondrial enzyme overexpressed in cancer cells, redirects glucose metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation toward aerobic glycolysis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that targeting PDK1 is a rational approach to synergize with cetuximab through ROS overproduction. We found that combination of PDK1 knockdown or inhibition by dichloroacetic acid (DCA) with ASCT2 knockdown or with cetuximab treatment induced ROS overproduction and apoptosis in HNSCC cells, and this effect was independent of effective inhibition of EGFR downstream pathways but could be lessened by N-acetyl cysteine, an anti-oxidative agent. In several cetuximab-resistant HNSCC xenograft models, DCA plus cetuximab induced marked tumor regression, whereas either agent alone failed to induce tumor regression. Our findings call for potentially novel clinical trials of combining cetuximab and DCA in patients with cetuximab-sensitive EGFR-overexpressing tumors and patients with cetuximab-resistant EGFR-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yangyiran Xie
- Program in Neuroscience, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Songbo Qiu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinqun Li
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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42
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Kwon Y, Kim M, Jung HS, Kim Y, Jeoung D. Targeting Autophagy for Overcoming Resistance to Anti-EGFR Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091374. [PMID: 31527477 PMCID: PMC6769649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays critical roles in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and anti-cancer drug resistance. Overexpression and somatic mutations of EGFR result in enhanced cancer cell survival. Therefore, EGFR can be a target for the development of anti-cancer therapy. Patients with cancers, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), have been shown to response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and anti-EGFR antibodies. However, resistance to these anti-EGFR treatments has developed. Autophagy has emerged as a potential mechanism involved in the acquired resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Anti-EGFR treatments can induce autophagy and result in resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Autophagy is a programmed catabolic process stimulated by various stimuli. It promotes cellular survival under these stress conditions. Under normal conditions, EGFR-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling inhibits autophagy while EGFR/rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling promotes autophagy. Thus, targeting autophagy may overcome resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Inhibitors targeting autophagy and EGFR signaling have been under development. In this review, we discuss crosstalk between EGFR signaling and autophagy. We also assess whether autophagy inhibition, along with anti-EGFR treatments, might represent a promising approach to overcome resistance to anti-EGFR treatments in various cancers. In addition, we discuss new developments concerning anti-autophagy therapeutics for overcoming resistance to anti-EGFR treatments in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 24251, Korea.
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
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Eribulin rapidly inhibits TGF-β-induced Snail expression and can induce Slug expression in a Smad4-dependent manner. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:611-621. [PMID: 31481735 PMCID: PMC6889360 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence shows that the anticancer effects of microtubule targeting agents are not due solely to their antimitotic activities but also their ability to impair microtubule-dependent oncogenic signalling. Methods The effects of microtubule targeting agents on regulators of TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated in breast cancer cell lines using high content imaging, gene and protein expression, siRNA-mediated knockdown and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results Microtubule targeting agents rapidly and differentially alter the expression of Snail and Slug, key EMT-promoting transcription factors in breast cancer. Eribulin, vinorelbine and in some cases, ixabepalone, but not paclitaxel, inhibited TGF-β-mediated Snail expression by impairing the microtubule-dependent nuclear localisation of Smad2/3. In contrast, eribulin and vinorelbine promoted a TGF-β-independent increase in Slug in cells with low Smad4. Mechanistically, microtubule depolymerisation induces c-Jun, which consequently increases Slug expression in cells with low Smad4. Conclusion These results identify a mechanism by which eribulin-mediated microtubule disruption could reverse EMT in preclinical models and in patients. Furthermore, high Smad4 levels could serve as a biomarker of this response. This study highlights that microtubule targeting drugs can exert distinct effects on the expression of EMT-regulating transcription factors and that identifying differences among these drugs could lead to their more rational use.
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Lin Z, Zhang L, Zhou J, Zheng J. Silencing Smad4 attenuates sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to cetuximab by promoting epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3735-3745. [PMID: 31485652 PMCID: PMC6755154 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of tumor suppressor Smad4 often occurs in colorectal cancer (CRC), and this phenomenon is believed to be associated with drug resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Smad4 on the sensitivity of CRC cells to cetuximab, and the possible mechanism underlying such an effect. A total of 629 colorectal adenocarcinoma cases were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and a Smad4 mutation rate of ~21% was demonstrated among the cases. Low expression of Smad4 was present in CRC tissues analyzed by TCGA and in four CRC cell lines, as determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analysis. Cell Counting kit‑8 (CCK‑8) was used to measure the effects of different concentrations of cetuximab on SW480 cell viability at 24 and 48 h. The results demonstrated that treatment of SW480 cells with 20 µg/ml cetuximab for 48 h markedly reduced cell viability. In addition, plasmids were transfected into SW480 cells to induce Smad4 silencing or overexpression. Silencing Smad4 attenuated the sensitivity of SW480 CRC cells to cetuximab; this effect was reflected in increased cell viability and slightly increased migration and invasion, as determined by CCK‑8, wound scratch and Transwell analyses. RT‑qPCR and western blotting was performed to assess the expression levels of apoptosis‑ and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT)‑related genes. Silencing Smad4 partly reversed the effects of cetuximab on the mRNA and protein expression levels of vimentin, Bax/Bcl‑2 and E‑cadherin. However, Smad4 overexpression enhanced SW480 cell sensitivity to cetuximab. In conclusion, Smad4 may serve a vital role in the sensitivity of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by promoting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlv Lin
- Department of Surgical Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Surgical Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- Department of Surgical Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Jiantao Zheng
- Department of Surgical Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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Bioinformatics-based discovery of PYGM and TNNC2 as potential biomarkers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191612. [PMID: 31324732 PMCID: PMC6663994 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates and ranks as the sixth most common cancer all over the world. Despite numerous advancements in therapeutic methods, the prognosis of HNSCC patients still remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to have a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HNSCC progression and to identify essential genes that could serve as effective biomarkers and potential treatment targets. In the present study, original data of three independent datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and R language was applied to screen out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). PYGM and TNNC2 were finally selected from the overlapping DEGs of three datasets for further analyses. Transcriptional and survival data related to PYGM and TNNC2 was detected through multiple online databases such as Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), cBioportal, and UALCAN. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis was adopted for the validation of PYGM and TNNC2 mRNA level in HNSCC tissues and cell lines. Survival curves were plotted to evaluate the association of these two genes with HNSCC prognosis. It was demonstrated that PYGM and TNNC2 were significantly down-regulated in HNSCC and the aberrant expression of PYGM and TNNC2 were correlated with HNSCC prognosis, implying the potential of exploiting them as therapeutic targets for HNSCC treatment or potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
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46
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Immune profiles in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Oral Oncol 2019; 96:77-88. [PMID: 31422218 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study we describe the tumor microenvironment, the signaling pathways and genetic alterations associated with the presence or absence of CD8+ T-cell infiltration in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two SCCHN multi-analyte cohorts were utilized, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chicago Head and Neck Genomics (CHGC) cohort. A well-established chemokine signature classified SCCHN tumors into high and low CD8+ T-cell inflamed phenotypes (TCIP-H, TCIP-L respectively). Gene set enrichment and iPANDA analyses were conducted to dissect differences in signaling pathways, somatic mutations and copy number aberrations for TCIP-H versus TCIP-L tumors, stratified by HPV status. RESULTS TCIP-H SCCHN tumors were enriched in multiple immune checkpoints irrespective of HPV-status. HPV-positive tumors were enriched in markers of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and HPV-negative tumors in protumorigenic M2 macrophages. TCIP-L SCCHN tumors were enriched for the β-catenin/WNT and Hedgehog signaling pathways, had frequent mutations in NSD1, amplifications in EGFR and YAP1, as well as CDKN2A deletions. TCIP-H SCCHN tumors were associated with the MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT and mTOR/AKT signaling pathways, and were enriched in CASP8, EP300, EPHA2, HRAS mutations, CD274, PDCD1LG2, JAK2 amplifications. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that combinatorial immune checkpoint blockade and depletion strategies targeting Tregs in HPV-positive and M2 macrophages in HPV-negative tumors may lead to improved antitumor immune responses in patients with TCIP-H SCCHN. We highlight novel pathways and genetic events that may serve as candidate biomarkers and novel targeted therapies to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in SCCHN patients.
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Yang H, Mo C, Xun Y, Liu LG, Li W, Guan J, Liu J, Wu J, Yang A, Zheng S, Liu D, Liu F. Combination of cetuximab with met inhibitor in control of cetuximab-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:2370-2381. [PMID: 31105843 PMCID: PMC6511799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell resistance to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor. Materials and methods: OSCC cell lines HSC-2 and HSC-3 were assessed in vitro for drug treatment, cell viability, and gene expression and the online gene expression in OSCC tissues was analyzed for association with OSCC prognosis. Results: HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells expressed high EGFR levels, but hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treatment induced cetuximab resistance, whereas the Met inhibitor PHA-665752 as well as Met siRNA was able to restore OSCC cell sensitivity to cetuximab. HGF treatment induced tumor cells to express p-Akt and p-ERK1/2. In contrast, the activity of Akt and ERK1/2 was suppressed by treatment with PHA-665752, Met siRNA, or their combination. Furthermore, Met was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and associated with a poor patient survival, while Met/HGF-activated Akt also was associated with a poor patient survival. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that Met/HGF expression results in OSCC resistance to cetuximab and tumor recurrence after cetuximab therapy; thus, inhibition of Met/HGF activity could restore OSCC sensitivity to cetuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuzi Mo
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Leyna G Liu
- Portola High School1001 Cadence, Irvine, CA 92618, U.S.A
| | - Wenxing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Jieying Guan
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianquan Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Anping Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Songguo Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center at Penn State UniversityHershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Dahai Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000, Guangdong, China
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Hernandez AL, Wang Y, Somerset HL, Keysar SB, Aisner DL, Marshall C, Bowles DW, Karam SD, Raben D, Jimeno A, Varella-Garcia M, Wang XJ. Inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of SMAD4 loss in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:666-673. [PMID: 30575147 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reports regarding the frequency of SMAD4 loss in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) vary significantly. We have shown that SMAD4 deletion contributes to HNSCC initiation and progression. Therefore, accurately detecting genetic SMAD4 loss is critical to determine prognosis and therapeutic interventions in personalized medicine. We developed a SMAD4 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to identify chromosomal SMAD4 loss at the single cell level of primary HNSCC specimens and patient derived xenograft (PDX) tumors derived from HNSCCs. SMAD4 heterozygous loss was detected in 35% of primary HNSCCs and 41.3% of PDX tumors. Additionally, 4.3% of PDX tumors had SMAD4 homozygous loss. These frequencies of SMAD4 loss were similar to those in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). However, we identified significant heterogeneities of SMAD4 loss (partial or complete) among cells within each tumor. We also found that aneuploidy (monosomy and polysomy) contributed greatly to how to define chromosomal SMAD4 deletion. Furthermore, in cultured PDX tumors, SMAD4 mutant cells outcompeted SMAD4 wildtype cells, resulting in establishing homogenous SMAD4 mutant HNSCC cell lines with partial or complete genomic SMAD4 loss, suggesting a survival advantage of SMAD4 mutant cells. Taken together, our study reveals inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneities of SMAD4 chromosomal loss in HNSCCs. Further, SMAD4 FISH assay provides a platform for future clinical diagnosis of SMAD4 chromosomal loss that potentially serves as a molecular marker for prognosis and therapeutic intervention in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ying Wang
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Hilary L Somerset
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stephen B Keysar
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dara L Aisner
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Carrie Marshall
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel W Bowles
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David Raben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Antonio Jimeno
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Marileila Varella-Garcia
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Molecular Biology Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado
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Molecular pathway activation – New type of biomarkers for tumor morphology and personalized selection of target drugs. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:110-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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50
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Zheng J, Wang J, Jia Y, Liu T, Duan Y, Liang X, Liu L. microRNA-211 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via targeting the bridging integrator 1 protein. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4644-4653. [PMID: 30260023 PMCID: PMC6585605 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common pathological type of oral cancer, is still a frequent malignancy with unsatisfactory prognosis. Accumulating studies have proven some microRNAs (miRNAs) can function as oncogenes in OSCC by targeting tumor suppressors. In this study, we first investigated the expression and role of tumor suppressor bridging integrator‐1 (BIN1) in OSCC tissues and cells. Our results indicated that BIN1 was low expressed in the OSCC tissues and cell lines (SCC6, SCC9, SCC25, HN4, and HN6) along with miR‐211 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and BIN1 overexpression could evidently inhibit their proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. Next, we used bioinformation algorithms to predict the potential miRNA targeting BIN1 and chose miR‐211 for further study. miR‐211, a highly expressed miRNA in OSCC cells, could specifically bind with the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of BIN1 to trigger its degradation. Addition of miR‐211 inhibitor could evidently suppress the malignant behaviors of OSCC cells by upregulating BIN1 expression and inhibit the activation of the EGFR/MAPK pathway. Taken together the findings of the study indicated that miR‐211 mediated BIN1 downregulation had crucial significances in OSCC, suggesting the miR‐211 might be a novel potential therapeutic target for the OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunlong Jia
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianxu Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
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