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Zhang T, Zhao C, Li Y, Wu J, Wang F, Yu J, Wang Z, Gao Y, Zhao L, Liu Y, Yan Y, Li X, Gao H, Hu Z, Cui B, Li K. FGD5 in basal cells induces CXCL14 secretion that initiates a feedback loop to promote murine mammary epithelial growth and differentiation. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00324-1. [PMID: 38821057 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The interactions of environmental compartments with epithelial cells are essential for mammary gland development and homeostasis. Currently, the direct crosstalk between the endothelial niche and mammary epithelial cells remains poorly understood. Here, we show that faciogenital dysplasia 5 (FGD5) is enriched in mammary basal cells (BCs) and mediates critical interactions between basal and endothelial cells (ECs) in the mammary gland. Conditional deletion of Fgd5 reduced, whereas conditional knockin of Fgd5 increased, the engraftment and expansion of BCs, regulating ductal morphogenesis in the mammary gland. Mechanistically, murine mammary BC-expressed FGD5 inhibited the transcriptional activity of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), leading to subsequent transcriptional activation and secretion of CXCL14. Furthermore, activation of CXCL14/CXCR4/ERK signaling in primary murine mammary stromal ECs enhanced the expression of HIF-1α-regulated hedgehog ligands, which initiated a positive feedback loop to promote the function of BCs. Collectively, these findings identify functionally important interactions between BCs and the endothelial niche that occur through the FGD5/CXCL14/hedgehog axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yunxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinmei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhenhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Luyao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yechao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Zhuowei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Rausio H, Cervera A, Heuser VD, West G, Oikkonen J, Pianfetti E, Lovino M, Ficarra E, Taimen P, Hynninen J, Lehtonen R, Hautaniemi S, Carpén O, Huhtinen K. PIK3R1 fusion drives chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by activating ERK1/2 and inducing rod and ring-like structures. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100987. [PMID: 38489912 PMCID: PMC10955102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Gene fusions are common in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). Such genetic lesions may promote tumorigenesis, but the pathogenic mechanisms are currently poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of a PIK3R1-CCDC178 fusion identified from a patient with advanced HGSC. We show that the fusion induces HGSC cell migration by regulating ERK1/2 and increases resistance to platinum treatment. Platinum resistance was associated with rod and ring-like cellular structure formation. These structures contained, in addition to the fusion protein, CIN85, a key regulator of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Our data suggest that the fusion-driven structure formation induces a previously unrecognized cell survival and resistance mechanism, which depends on ERK1/2-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Rausio
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Alejandra Cervera
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vanina D Heuser
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gun West
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Pianfetti
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Lovino
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Ficarra
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yu W, Kong Q, Jiang S, Li Y, Wang Z, Mao Q, Zhang X, Liu Q, Zhang P, Li Y, Li C, Ding Z, Liu L. HSPA12A maintains aerobic glycolytic homeostasis and Histone3 lactylation in cardiomyocytes to attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e169125. [PMID: 38421727 PMCID: PMC11128201 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a major cause of adverse outcomes of revascularization following myocardial infarction. Anaerobic glycolysis during myocardial ischemia is well studied, but the role of aerobic glycolysis during the early phase of reperfusion is incompletely understood. Lactylation of Histone H3 (H3) is an epigenetic indicator of the glycolytic switch. Heat shock protein A12A (HSPA12A) is an atypic member of the HSP70 family. In the present study, we report that, during reperfusion following myocardial ischemia, HSPA12A was downregulated and aerobic glycolytic flux was decreased in cardiomyocytes. Notably, HSPA12A KO in mice exacerbated MI/R-induced aerobic glycolysis decrease, cardiomyocyte death, and cardiac dysfunction. Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that HSPA12A was required to support cardiomyocyte survival upon hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) challenge and that its protective effects were mediated by maintaining aerobic glycolytic homeostasis for H3 lactylation. Further analyses revealed that HSPA12A increased Smurf1-mediated Hif1α protein stability, thus increasing glycolytic gene expression to maintain appropriate aerobic glycolytic activity to sustain H3 lactylation during reperfusion and, ultimately, improving cardiomyocyte survival to attenuate MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wansu Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, and
| | - Qiuyue Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Surong Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, and
| | - Yunfan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaohe Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, and
| | - Qianhui Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, and
| | - Pengjun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Departments of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, and
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
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4
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A R N, G K R. A deep learning and docking simulation-based virtual screening strategy enables the rapid identification of HIF-1α pathway activators from a marine natural product database. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:629-651. [PMID: 37038705 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2194997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence is hailed as a cutting-edge technology for accelerating drug discovery efforts, and our goal was to validate its potential in predicting pharmacological inhibitors of EGLN1 using a deep learning-based architecture, one of its subsidiaries. Egl nine homolog 1 (EGLN1) inhibition prevents poly ubiquitination-mediated proteosomal destruction HIF-1α. The pharmacological interventions aimed at stabilizing HIF-1α have the potential to be a promising treatment option for a range of human diseases, including ischemic stroke. To unveil a novel EGLN1 inhibitor from marine natural products, a custom-based virtual screening was carried out using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) architecture, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. The custom DCNN model was optimized and further employed to screen marine natural products from the CMNPD database. The docking was performed as a secondary strategy for screened hits. Molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) were used to analyze inhibitor binding and identify key interactions. The findings support the claim that deep learning-based virtual screening is a rapid, reliable and accurate method of identifying highly contributing drug candidates (EGLN1 inhibitors). This study demonstrates that deep learning architecture can significantly accelerate drug discovery and development, and provides a solid foundation for using (Z)-2-ethylhex-2-enedioic acid [(Z)-2-ethylhex-2-enedioic acid] as a potential EGLN1 inhibitor for treating various health complications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakandan A R
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Rajanikant G K
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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5
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Zhu W, Zhang YI, Zhou S, Kai Y, Zhang YQ, Peng C, Li Z, Mughal M, Ma J, Li S, Ma C, Shen M, Hall M. O-GlcNAcylation of MITF regulates its activity and CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3377962. [PMID: 37886470 PMCID: PMC10602086 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3377962/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) play a pivotal role in cell cycle and cancer development. Targeting CDK4/6 has demonstrated promising effects against breast cancer. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings. Using high-throughput combinatorial drug screening and genomic sequencing, we found that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is activated via O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors; O-GlcNAcylation of MITF at Serine 49 enhanced its interaction with importin α/β, thus promoting its translocation to nuclei, where it suppressed palbociclib-induced senescence; inhibition of MITF or its O-GlcNAcylation re-sensitized resistant cells to palbociclib. Remarkably, clinical studies confirmed the activation of MITF in tumors from patients who are palbociclib-resistant or undergoing palbociclib treatment. Collectively, our studies shed light on a novel mechanism regulating palbociclib-resistance, and present clinical evidence for developing therapeutic approaches to treat CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Zhu
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Shuyan Zhou
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Yan Kai
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
| | - Changmin Peng
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Muhammad Mughal
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health
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6
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Zhou Y, Liu T, Wu Q, Wang H, Sun Y. Baohuoside I inhibits resistance to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells by suppressing autophagy via downregulating HIF-1α/ATG5 axis. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1474-1486. [PMID: 37283234 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Since chemotherapy's therapeutic impact is diminished by drug resistance, treating ovarian cancer is notably challenging. Thereafter, it is critical to develop cutting-edge approaches to treating ovarian cancer. Baohuoside I (derived from Herba Epimedii) is reported to have antitumor properties in various malignancies. It is unknown, however, what role Baohuoside I plays in cisplatin (DDP)-resistant ovarian cancer cells. 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT), colony formation, and flow cytometry assay were used to investigate the impact of Baohuoside I on ovarian cancer A2780 cells and DDP-resistant A2780 (A2780/DDP) cells. The level of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) was determined using immunofluorescence staining. Utilizing the mRFP-GFP-LC3B tandem fluorescent probe allowed us to analyse the autophagy flux. Analysis of mRNA and protein level was performed using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The interaction between hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) and autophagy related 5 (ATG5) promoter was investigated by dual luciferase and ChIP assay. Additionally, evaluation of Baohuoside I's role in ovarian cancer was performed using a nude mouse xenograft model. Baohuoside I decreased the viability and proliferation and triggered the apoptosis of both A2780 and A2780/DDP cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Baohuoside I also increased the sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to DDP. Concurrently, HIF-1α could promote A2780/DDP cells resistance to DDP. In addition, HIF-1α could induce the autophagy of A2780/DDP cells through transcriptionally activating ATG5, and Baohuoside I imporved the chemosensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to DDP by downregulating HIF-1α. Moreover, Baohuoside I could inhibit the chemoresistance to DDP in ovarian cancer in vivo. Baohuoside I sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to DDP by suppressing autophagy via downregulating the HIF-1α/ATG5 axis. Consequently, Baohuoside I might be evaluated as a new agent for enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy of drug treatment for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University and Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Song Y, Cheng Y, Lan T, Bai Z, Liu Y, Bi Z, Alu A, Cheng D, Wei Y, Wei X. ERK inhibitor: A candidate enhancing therapeutic effects of conventional chemo-radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2023; 554:216012. [PMID: 36470544 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), standard therapeutic methods (cisplatin and radiotherapy) have been found to be ineffective and severely toxic. Targeted therapy emerges as a promising solution for this dilemma. It has been reported that targeted therapies are applied alone or in combination with standard conventional therapies for the treatment of a variety of cancers. To the best of our knowledge, in patients with ESCC, the combinational methods containing standard therapy and ERK-targeted therapy have yet to be explored. To analyze the prognostic role of p-ERK in ESCC patients, the Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were used. To assess the effects of ERK-targeted therapy (GDC0994) on ESCC cells, in vitro studies including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and scratch wound healing assay were conducted. In addition, the changes in cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Besides, to assess the efficacy of different therapies in vivo, the xenograft tumor models were established by subcutaneously inoculating tumor cells into the flank/leg of mice. In patients with ESCC, a strong correlation between the high expression level of p-ERK and the poor prognosis (p < 0.01, Log-Rank test) has been identified. By analyzing the results from CCK-8 and scratch wound healing assays, we demonstrated that the ERK inhibitor repressed the viability and migration of ESCC cells. In addition, following the treatment of GDC0994, the volumes of xenograft tumors significantly decreased (p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA). Furthermore, blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of both cisplatin and radiotherapy (p < 0.05). These findings imply the role of p-ERK in the prognosis of ESCC patients and the therapeutic value of ERK inhibitors in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Song
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyi Bai
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenfei Bi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Aqu Alu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Diou Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Wang G, Li L, Li Y, Zhang LH. Toosendanin reduces cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer through modulating the miR-195/ERK/β-catenin pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154571. [PMID: 36610147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (DDP) resistance is prevalent in ovarian cancer (OC) patients and contributes to the poor prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new agent to intervene and even reverse DDP resistance in OC. Toosendanin (TSN), a triterpenoid extracted from the bark or fruits of Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc, has been proved to possess significant antitumor activities. However, the efficacy of TSN on DDP resistance in OC has not been reported yet. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of TSN on DDP resistance in OC and explore the molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Human OC cell line (SKOV3) and DDP-resistant cell line (SKOV3/DDP) were used. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Annexin V/PI double staining and hoechst 33342 nuclear staining were employed to detect cell apoptosis. Transwell and wound-healing assay were used to determine the invasion and migration potential of cells respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of molecules related to miR-195/ERK/β-catenin pathway. The effects and mechanism of TSN on DDP resistance of OC in vivo was investigated using xenograft model, TUNEL staining assay and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS TSN improved the DDP sensitivity of SKOV3/DDP cells in vitro and in vivo, reflected in promoting inhibition of proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) as well as induction of apoptosis by DDP. TSN could modulate the miR-195/ERK/β-catenin axis by upregulating the miR-195-5p expression and then suppressing ERK/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway which were activated in SKOV3/DDP cells. Moreover, co-treatment of β-catenin pathway activator LiCl or miR-195-5p silencing partially recovered the DDP resistance which was previously repressed by TSN. CONCLUSION Both in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that TSN could reduce DDP resistance in OC through regulating the miR-195/ERK/β-catenin pathway, highlighting the potential of TSN as an effective agent for favoring overcoming clinical DDP resistance in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Li-Hong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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9
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Disorders of cancer metabolism: The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113993. [PMID: 36379120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal energy metabolism, as one of the important hallmarks of cancer, was induced by multiple carcinogenic factors and tumor-specific microenvironments. It comprises aerobic glycolysis, de novo lipid biosynthesis, and glutamine-dependent anaplerosis. Considering that metabolic reprogramming provides various nutrients for tumor survival and development, it has been considered a potential target for cancer therapy. Cannabinoids have been shown to exhibit a variety of anticancer activities by unclear mechanisms. This paper first reviews the recent progress of related signaling pathways (reactive oxygen species (ROS), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), and p53) mediating the reprogramming of cancer metabolism (including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism). Then we comprehensively explore the latest discoveries and possible mechanisms of the anticancer effects of cannabinoids through the regulation of the above-mentioned related signaling pathways, to provide new targets and insights for cancer prevention and treatment.
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10
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Liang Q, Xu Z, Liu Y, Peng B, Cai Y, Liu W, Yan Y. NR2F1 Regulates TGF-β1-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Affecting Platinum Sensitivity and Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194639. [PMID: 36230565 PMCID: PMC9563458 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying platinum resistance in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. We used bioinformatic analyses to screen differentially expressed genes responsible for platinum resistance and explore NR2F1′s correlation with prognostic implication and OC staging. Moreover, Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were used for pathway analysis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties, invasion, and migration capacities were analyzed by biochemical methods. The association between NR2F1 and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration and immunotherapeutic responses were also researched. A total of 13 co-upregulated genes and one co-downregulated gene were obtained. Among them, NR2F1 revealed the highest correlation with a poor prognosis and positively correlated with OC staging. GSEA and GO analysis suggested the induction of EMT via TGFβ-1 might be a possible mechanism that NR2F1 participates in resistance. In vitro experiments showed that NR2F1 knockdown did not affect cell proliferation, but suppressed cell invasion and migration with or without cisplatin treatment through the EMT pathway. We also found that NR2F1 could regulate TGF-β1 signaling, and treating with TGF-β1 could reverse these effects. Additionally, NR2F1 was predominantly associated with immunosuppressive CAF infiltration, which might cause a poor response to immune check blockades. In conclusion, NR2F1 regulates TGF-β1-mediated EMT affecting platinum sensitivity and immune response in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence:
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11
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Chen Y, Qiu X, Wu D, Lu X, Li G, Tang Y, Jia C, Xiong Z, Wang T. PROZ Associated with Sorafenib Sensitivity May Serve as a Potential Target to Enhance the Efficacy of Combined Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091535. [PMID: 36140703 PMCID: PMC9498926 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted combined immunotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and has now become the primary treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, some patients still have poor efficacy or are resistant to treatment. The further exploration of molecular markers related to efficacy or finding molecular targets to increase efficacy is an urgent problem that needs to be resolved. In this research, we found that PROZ was a gene related to KDR expression that had significantly low expression in cancer tissue by analyzing the differential genes of cancer tissue and adjacent tissue and the intersection of KDR-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. The correlation analysis of clinical data showed that the low expression of PROZ was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and further studies found that PROZ was closely related to the expression of p-ERK and VEGFR2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, intracellular detection also showed that the expression of p-ERK increased and VEGFR2 expression decreased after PROZ interference, and PROZ downregulation with increased p-ERK and decreased VEGFR2 was also detected in sorafenib-resistant strains. At the same time, our analysis found that PROZ was negatively correlated with genes related to immunotherapy efficacy such as CD8A, CD274 and GZMA, and was also negatively correlated with T-cell infiltration in tumor tissue. Conclusion: PROZ is a gene related to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and it is closely related to the efficacy of sorafenib and immunotherapy. It may serve as a potential molecular target to improve the efficacy of targeted combined immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinkui Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiusheng Qiu
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Donghao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yongsheng Tang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Changchang Jia
- Cell-Gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (T.W.); Tel.: +86-020-82179735 (Z.X.); +86-020-85252161 (T.W.)
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
- Correspondence: (Z.X.); (T.W.); Tel.: +86-020-82179735 (Z.X.); +86-020-85252161 (T.W.)
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12
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The multifaceted role of EGLN family prolyl hydroxylases in cancer: going beyond HIF regulation. Oncogene 2022; 41:3665-3679. [PMID: 35705735 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
EGLN1, EGLN2 and EGLN3 are proline hydroxylase whose main function is the regulation of the HIF factors. They work as oxygen sensors and are the main responsible of HIFα subunits degradation in normoxia. Being their activity strictly oxygen-dependent, when oxygen tension lowers, their control on HIFα is released, leading to activation of systemic and cellular response to hypoxia. However, EGLN family members activity is not limited to HIF modulation, but it includes the regulation of essential mechanisms for cell survival, cell cycle metabolism, proliferation and transcription. This is due to their reported hydroxylase activity on a number of non-HIF targets and sometimes to hydroxylase-independent functions. For these reasons, EGLN enzymes appear fundamental for development and progression of different cancer types, playing either a tumor-suppressive or a tumor-promoting role, according to EGLN isoform and to tumor context. Notably, EGLN1, the most studied isoform, has been shown to have also a central role in tumor micro-environment modulation, mediating CAF activation and impairing HIF1α -related angiogenesis, thus covering an important function in cancer metastasis promotion. Considering the recent knowledge acquired on EGLNs, the possibility to target these enzymes for cancer treatment is emerging. However, due to their multifaceted and controversial roles in different cancer types, the use of EGLN inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs should be carefully evaluated in each context.
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13
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Tseng H, Zeng Y, Lin YJ, Huang J, Lin C, Lee M, Yang F, Fang T, Mar A, Su J. A novel AMPK activator shows therapeutic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing HIF1α-mediated aerobic glycolysis. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2274-2294. [PMID: 35298869 PMCID: PMC9168760 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by rapid growth, early vascular invasion, and high metastasis. Currently available US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs show low therapeutic efficacy, limiting HCC treatment to chemotherapy. We designed and synthesized a novel small molecule, SCT-1015, that allosterically activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to suppress the aerobic glycolysis in HCC. SCT-1015 was shown to bind the AMPK α and β-subunit interface, thereby exposing the kinase α domain to the upstream kinases, resulting in the increased AMPK activity. SCT-1015 dramatically reduced HCC cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We further found that AMPK formed protein complexes with hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) and that SCT-1015-activated AMPK promoted hydroxylation of HIF1α (402P and 564P), resulting in HIF1α degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. With declined HIF1α abundance, many glycolysis-related enzymes were downregulated, suppressing aerobic glycolysis, and promoting oxidative phosphorylation. These results indicated that SCT-1015 channeled HCC cells into an unfavorable metabolic status. Overall, we reported SCT-1015 as a direct activator of AMPK signaling that held therapeutic potential in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing‐I Tseng
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical SciencesNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Siang Zeng
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department & Institute of PhysiologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ying‐Chung Jimmy Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Plant BiologyNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree ProgramNational Taiwan University and Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jui‐Wen Huang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research LabsIndustrial Technology Research InstituteHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Lung Lin
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research LabsIndustrial Technology Research InstituteHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Meng‐Hsuan Lee
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Fan‐Wei Yang
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Te‐Ping Fang
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ai‐Chung Mar
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Chen Su
- Department of PharmacyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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14
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Targeting RAS–RAF–MEK–ERK signaling pathway in human cancer: Current status in clinical trials. Genes Dis 2022; 10:76-88. [PMID: 37013062 PMCID: PMC10066287 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular target inhibitors have been regularly approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for tumor treatment, and most of them intervene in tumor cell proliferation and metabolism. The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway is a conserved signaling pathway that plays vital roles in cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. The aberrant activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway induces tumors. About 33% of tumors harbor RAS mutations, while 8% of tumors are driven by RAF mutations. Great efforts have been dedicated to targeting the signaling pathway for cancer treatment in the past decades. In this review, we summarized the development of inhibitors targeting the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway with an emphasis on those used in clinical treatment. Moreover, we discussed the potential combinations of inhibitors that target the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. The inhibitors targeting the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway have essentially modified the therapeutic strategy against various cancers and deserve more attention in the current cancer research and treatment.
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15
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Cen K, Chen M, He M, Li Z, Song Y, Liu P, Jiang Q, Xu S, Jia Y, Shen P. Sporoderm-Broken Spores of Ganoderma lucidum Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer to Cisplatin by ROS/ERK Signaling and Attenuates Chemotherapy-Related Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:826716. [PMID: 35264959 PMCID: PMC8900012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.826716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although platinum-based chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin are the cornerstone of treatment for ovarian cancer, their clinical application is profoundly limited due to chemoresistance and severe adverse effects. Sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum (SBSGL) have been reported to possess antitumor effects. However, the function and mechanism of SBSGL and its essential composition, ganoderic acid D (GAD), in the cisplatin therapy on ovarian cancer have yet to be investigated. Here, we investigated the combined effect of SBSGL and cisplatin in an ovarian tumor xenograft model. The results showed that combining SBSGL with cisplatin reduced tumor growth and ameliorated cisplatin-induced intestinal injury and myelosuppression. We also confirmed that GAD could enhance the therapeutic effect of cisplatin in SKOV3 and cisplatin-resistant SKOV3/DDP cells by increasing the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanistically, we proved that ROS-mediated ERK signaling inhibition played an important role in the chemo-sensitization effect of GAD on cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Taken together, combining SBSGL with cisplatin provides a novel therapeutic strategy against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Cen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengye He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhen Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlu Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Huang D, Chowdhury S, Wang H, Savage SR, Ivey RG, Kennedy JJ, Whiteaker JR, Lin C, Hou X, Oberg AL, Larson MC, Eskandari N, Delisi DA, Gentile S, Huntoon CJ, Voytovich UJ, Shire ZJ, Yu Q, Gygi SP, Hoofnagle AN, Herbert ZT, Lorentzen TD, Calinawan A, Karnitz LM, Weroha SJ, Kaufmann SH, Zhang B, Wang P, Birrer MJ, Paulovich AG. Multiomic analysis identifies CPT1A as a potential therapeutic target in platinum-refractory, high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100471. [PMID: 35028612 PMCID: PMC8714940 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to platinum compounds is a major determinant of patient survival in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). To understand mechanisms of platinum resistance and identify potential therapeutic targets in resistant HGSOC, we generated a data resource composed of dynamic (±carboplatin) protein, post-translational modification, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) profiles from intra-patient cell line pairs derived from 3 HGSOC patients before and after acquiring platinum resistance. These profiles reveal extensive responses to carboplatin that differ between sensitive and resistant cells. Higher fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway expression is associated with platinum resistance, and both pharmacologic inhibition and CRISPR knockout of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), which represents a rate limiting step of FAO, sensitize HGSOC cells to platinum. The results are further validated in patient-derived xenograft models, indicating that CPT1A is a candidate therapeutic target to overcome platinum resistance. All multiomic data can be queried via an intuitive gene-query user interface (https://sites.google.com/view/ptrc-cell-line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Huang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shrabanti Chowdhury
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sara R. Savage
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard G. Ivey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jacob J. Kennedy
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ann L. Oberg
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Melissa C. Larson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Najmeh Eskandari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Davide A. Delisi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Saverio Gentile
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Uliana J. Voytovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zahra J. Shire
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven P. Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew N. Hoofnagle
- Department of Lab Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Zachary T. Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Travis D. Lorentzen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anna Calinawan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - S. John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael J. Birrer
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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17
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Zhang M, Zhang YY, Chen Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Lu H. TGF-β Signaling and Resistance to Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:786728. [PMID: 34917620 PMCID: PMC8669610 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway, which is well studied for its ability to inhibit cell proliferation in early stages of tumorigenesis while promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion in advanced cancer, is considered to act as a double-edged sword in cancer. Multiple inhibitors have been developed to target TGF-β signaling, but results from clinical trials were inconsistent, suggesting that the functions of TGF-β in human cancers are not yet fully explored. Multiple drug resistance is a major challenge in cancer therapy; emerging evidence indicates that TGF-β signaling may be a key factor in cancer resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Finally, combining anti-TGF-β therapy with other cancer therapy is an attractive venue to be explored for the treatment of therapy-resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yi Zhang
- Centre for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yongze Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hezhe Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Zhou S, Xie J, Yu C, Feng Z, Cheng K, Ma J, Wang Y, Duan C, Zhang Y, Jin B, Yin W, Zhuang R. CD226 deficiency promotes glutaminolysis and alleviates mitochondria damage in vascular endothelial cells under hemorrhagic shock. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21998. [PMID: 34669985 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101134r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is common in clinical emergencies, leading to millions of deaths each year globally. CD226 is a costimulatory adhesion molecule expressed on both immune cells and endothelial cells (ECs) to regulate their metabolic activity and function. As endothelial dysfunction occurs after HS, the roles CD226 plays in vascular EC metabolism were investigated. CD226fl/fl Tekcre mice were adopted to achieve vascular EC-specific knockout of CD226, and subjected to HS modelling. Serum levels of crucial intermediate metabolites were evaluated through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) were used to study the effects of CD226 under hypoxia in vitro. Seahorse analysis evaluated the cellular glycolysis and mitochondria bioenergetics. Results showed that CD226 deficiency in vascular ECs alleviated HS-induced intestinal damage and inflammatory response in mice. Animal studies indicated an improved energy metabolism when CD226 was knocked out in ECs after HS, as evidenced by enhanced glutamine-glutamate metabolism and decreased lactic acid levels. Glut-1 was upregulated in mouse vascular ECs after HS and HUVECs under hypoxia, combined with decreased CD226. Moreover, HUVECs with CD226 knockdown exhibited relieved mitochondrial damage and early apoptosis under hypoxia, whereas CD226 overexpression showed opposite effects. Seahorse analysis showed that downregulated CD226 significantly increased mitochondrial ATP production and glucose uptake in HUVECs under hypoxia. Additionally, Erk/PHD2 signaling-mediated HIF-1α/Glut-1 and HIF-2α/ASCT2 pathways were involved in CD226 regulation on HUVEC glutaminolysis after hypoxia. Hence, CD226 deficiency promotes bypass energy supply to vascular ECs under ischemic or hypoxic stress, to ameliorate the stress-mediated metabolic disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangxun Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangang Xie
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaoping Yu
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhusheng Feng
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingchang Ma
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Duan
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Wang X, Yung MMH, Sharma R, Chen F, Poon YT, Lam WY, Li B, Ngan HYS, Chan KKL, Chan DW. Epigenetic Silencing of miR-33b Promotes Peritoneal Metastases of Ovarian Cancer by Modulating the TAK1/FASN/CPT1A/NF-κB Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194795. [PMID: 34638280 PMCID: PMC8508465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases are frequently found in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC) patients and are commonly associated with a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex milieu that plays a critical role in epigenetic alterations driving tumor development and metastatic progression. However, the impact of epigenetic alterations on metastatic ovarian cancer cells in the harsh peritoneal microenvironment remains incompletely understood. Here, we identified that miR-33b is frequently silenced by promoter hypermethylation in HGSOC cells derived from metastatic omental tumor tissues. Enforced expression of miR-33b abrogates the oncogenic properties of ovarian cancer cells cocultured in omental conditioned medium (OCM), which mimics the ascites microenvironment, and in vivo tumor growth. Of note, restoration of miR-33b inhibited OCM-upregulated de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in ovarian cancer cells, indicating that miR-33b may play a novel tumor suppressor role in the lipid-mediated oncogenic properties of metastatic ovarian cancer cells found in the omentum. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that miR-33b directly targets transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), thereby suppressing the activities of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) in modulating lipid metabolic activities and simultaneously inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB signaling to govern the oncogenic behaviors of ovarian cancer cells. Thus, our data suggest that a lipid-rich microenvironment may cause epigenetic silencing of miR-33b, which negatively modulates ovarian cancer peritoneal metastases, at least in part, by suppressing TAK1/FASN/CPT1A/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
| | - Mingo M. H. Yung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Fushun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
| | - Ying-Tung Poon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
| | - Wai-Yip Lam
- Lee’s Pharmaceutical (HK) Ltd., 1/F Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (W.-Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Benjamin Li
- Lee’s Pharmaceutical (HK) Ltd., 1/F Building 20E, Phase 3, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (W.-Y.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Hextan Y. S. Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
| | - Karen K. L. Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.L.C.); (D.W.C.)
| | - David W. Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.W.); (M.M.H.Y.); (F.C.); (Y.-T.P.); (H.Y.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.L.C.); (D.W.C.)
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The Stress-Inducible BCL2A1 Is Required for Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Progression in the Peritoneal Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184577. [PMID: 34572804 PMCID: PMC8469659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that hypoxia plays a critical role in governing the transcoelomic metastasis of ovarian cancer. Hence, targeting hypoxia may be a promising approach to prevent the metastasis of ovarian cancer. Here, we report that BCL2A1, a BCL2 family member, acts as a hypoxia-inducible gene for promoting tumor progression in ovarian cancer peritoneal metastases. We demonstrated that BCL2A1 was induced not only by hypoxia but also other physiological stresses through NF-κB signaling and then was gradually reduced by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells. The upregulated BCL2A1 was frequently found in advanced metastatic ovarian cancer cells, suggesting its clinical relevance in ovarian cancer metastatic progression. Functionally, BCL2A1 enhanced the foci formation ability of ovarian cancer cells in a stress-conditioned medium, colony formation in an ex vivo omental tumor model, and tumor dissemination in vivo. Under stress conditions, BCL2A1 accumulated and colocalized with mitochondria to suppress intrinsic cell apoptosis by interacting with the BH3-only subfamily BCL2 members HRK/BAD/BID in ovarian cancer cells. These findings indicate that BCL2A1 is an early response factor that maintains the survival of ovarian cancer cells in the harsh tumor microenvironment.
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Yun BD, Son SW, Choi SY, Kuh HJ, Oh TJ, Park JK. Anti-Cancer Activity of Phytochemicals Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189819. [PMID: 34575983 PMCID: PMC8467787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is overexpressed in cancer, leading to a poor prognosis in patients. Diverse cellular factors are able to regulate HIF-1α expression in hypoxia and even in non-hypoxic conditions, affecting its progression and malignant characteristics by regulating the expression of the HIF-1α target genes that are involved in cell survival, angiogenesis, metabolism, therapeutic resistance, et cetera. Numerous studies have exhibited the anti-cancer effect of HIF-1α inhibition itself and the augmentation of anti-cancer treatment efficacy by interfering with HIF-1α-mediated signaling. The anti-cancer effect of plant-derived phytochemicals has been evaluated, and they have been found to possess significant therapeutic potentials against numerous cancer types. A better understanding of phytochemicals is indispensable for establishing advanced strategies for cancer therapy. This article reviews the anti-cancer effect of phytochemicals in connection with HIF-1α regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ba Da Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (B.D.Y.); (S.W.S.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Seung Wan Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (B.D.Y.); (S.W.S.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (B.D.Y.); (S.W.S.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Hyo Jeong Kuh
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si 31460, Korea;
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 24252, Korea; (B.D.Y.); (S.W.S.); (S.Y.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2114
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Sirtuin 2 promotes cell stemness and MEK/ERK signaling pathway while reduces chemosensitivity in endometrial cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:693-701. [PMID: 34476599 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is functionally important in cancer progression and treatment resistance as an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, whereas its role in endometrial cancer (EC) is limitedly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the regulatory role of SIRT2 on cell stemness and chemosensitivity in EC. METHODS SIRT2 expression was detected in human EC cell lines, including Ishikawa, AN3CA, HEC1A, KLE, and normal human endometrial (uterine) epithelial cells (served as controls). Then, SIRT2 overexpression plasmids (constructed with pcDNA3.1 vector) and knock-down plasmids (constructed with pGPH1 vector) were transfected in Ishikawa cells and KLE cells, respectively to assess the influence of SIRT2 on EC cell stemness and chemosensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel. RESULTS SIRT2 mRNA and protein were both overexpressed in EC cell lines (including Ishikawa cells, AN3CA cells, HEC1A cells, and KLE cells) compared with controls. Upregulation of SIRT2 increased the sphere formation capacity (by sphere formation assay and extreme limiting dilution analysis) and CD133+ cells rate in Ishikawa cells, whereas knock-down of SIRT2 reduced the sphere formation capacity and CD133+ cells rate in KLE cells. As for chemosensitivity, upregulation of SIRT2 increased relative cell viability in cisplatin-treated and paclitaxel-treated Ishikawa cells. In contrast, SIRT2 knock-down suppressed relative cell viability in cisplatin-treated but not in paclitaxel-treated KLE cells. In addition, SIRT2 overexpression increased, while SIRT2 knock-down reduced p-MEK and p-ERK1/2 levels in EC cells. CONCLUSION SIRT2 promotes cell stemness and activates the MEK/ERK signaling pathway while represses chemosensitivity in EC.
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Marchetti C, De Felice F, Romito A, Iacobelli V, Sassu CM, Corrado G, Ricci C, Scambia G, Fagotti A. Chemotherapy resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer: Mechanisms and emerging treatments. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 77:144-166. [PMID: 34464704 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a fatal malignancy because most patients experience recurrent disease, which is resistant to chemotherapy. The outcomes for patients with platinum-resistant OC are poor, response rates to further chemotherapy are low and median survival is lower than 12 months. The complexity of platinum-resistant OC, which comprises a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases, is indeed far from being completely understood. Therefore, comprehending tumors' biological behaviour to identify reliable biomarkers, which may predict responses to therapies, is a demanding challenge to improve OC management. In the age of precision medicine, efforts to overcome platinum resistance in OC represent a dynamic and vast field in which innovative drugs and clinical trials rapidly develop. This review will present the exceptional biochemical environment implicated in OC and highlights mechanisms of chemoresistance. Furthermore, innovative molecules and new therapeutic opportunities are presented, along with currently available therapies and ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marchetti
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Division of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, Roma, Italy; Università La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Romito
- Gynecology and Breast Care Center, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy
| | - Valentina Iacobelli
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Maria Sassu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Polyclinic Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corrado
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Ricci
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fagotti
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department Woman and Child Health Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Shi Y, Wang X, Zhu Q, Chen G. The Ribosomal Protein L28 Gene Induces Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685694. [PMID: 34307151 PMCID: PMC8299949 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is the first molecular-targeted drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its treatment efficiency decreases after a short period of time because of the development of drug resistance. This study investigates the role of key genes in regulating sorafenib-resistance and elucidates the mechanism of drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The HCC HepG2 cells were used to generate a sorafenib-resistant cell model by culturing the cells in gradually increasing concentration of sorafenib. RNA microarray was applied to profile gene expression and screen key genes associated with sorafenib resistance. Specific targets were knockdown in sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells for functional studies. The HCC model was established in ACI rats using Morris hepatoma3924A cells to validate selected genes associated with sorafenib resistance in vivo. Results The HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cell model was successfully established. The IC50 of sorafenib was 9.988μM in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cells. A total of 35 up-regulated genes were detected by expression profile chip. High-content screening technology was used and a potential drug-resistance related gene RPL28 was filtered out. After knocking down RPL28 in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cells, the results of cell proliferation and apoptosis illustrated that RPL28 is the key gene involving in drug resistance. Furthermore, it was found that both RNA and protein expression of RPL28 increased in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant specimens of Morris Hepatoma rats. In addition, the expression of proliferative protein Ki-67 increased in sorafenib-resistant cells. Conclusion Our study suggested that RPL28 is a key gene inducing sorafenib resistance in HCC and could be a potential target for the treatment of drug-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Wang
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhu
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Departments of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Sun C, Dang S, Liu M. Hydroxyphenyl Butanone Induces Cell Cycle Arrest through Inhibition of GSK3 β in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9981815. [PMID: 34307685 PMCID: PMC8272657 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9981815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three gastrointestinal malignancy in morbidity and mortality. The abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is considered to be a key factor in the occurrence and development of CRC. Novel inhibitor discovery against key factor in WNT pathway is important for CRC treatment and prevention. METHODS Cell proliferation was detected after hydroxyphenyl butanone treatment in human colorectal cancer HCT116, LOVO, and normal colonic epithelial NCM460 cells. Colony formation, cell invasion ability, and cell cycle were detected with and without GSK-3β knockdown. RESULTS Hydroxyphenyl butanone induces cycle arresting on G1-S phase of colorectal cancer cell line through GSK3β in Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibits malignant biological manifestations of cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion. The inhibition in the high concentration group is stronger than that in the low concentration group, and the antitumor effect is different for different tumor cells. Under the same concentration of natural hydroxyphenyl butanone, the inhibition on normal colonic epithelial cells is significantly lower than that on tumor cells. The natural hydroxyphenyl butanone with medium and low concentration could promote the proliferation of normal colonic epithelial cells. CONCLUSION This study illustrated natural hydroxyphenyl butanone as new inhibitor of GSK3β and revealed the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chengming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shuwei Dang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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Ullah R, Yin Q, Snell AH, Wan L. RAF-MEK-ERK pathway in cancer evolution and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:123-154. [PMID: 33992782 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascade is a well-characterized MAPK pathway involved in cell proliferation and survival. The three-layered MAPK signaling cascade is initiated upon RTK and RAS activation. Three RAF isoforms ARAF, BRAF and CRAF, and their downstream MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 kinases constitute a coherently orchestrated signaling module that directs a range of physiological functions. Genetic alterations in this pathway are among the most prevalent in human cancers, which consist of numerous hot-spot mutations such as BRAFV600E. Oncogenic mutations in this pathway often override otherwise tightly regulated checkpoints to open the door for uncontrolled cell growth and neoplasia. The crosstalk between the RAF-MEK-ERK axis and other signaling pathways further extends the proliferative potential of this pathway in human cancers. In this review, we summarize the molecular architecture and physiological functions of the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway with emphasis on its dysregulations in human cancers, as well as the efforts made to target the RAF-MEK-ERK module using small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Qing Yin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Aidan H Snell
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Lixin Wan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA; Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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Inhibition of HIF-1α accumulation in prostate cancer cells is initiated during early stages of mammalian orthoreovirus infection. Virology 2021; 558:38-48. [PMID: 33721728 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) is a safe and effective cancer killing virus that has completed Phase I-III clinical trials against numerous cancer types. While many patients experience benefit from MRV therapy, pre-defined set points necessary for FDA approval have not been reached. Therefore, additional research into MRV biology and the effect of viral therapy on different tumor genetic subtypes and microenvironments is necessary to identify tumors most amenable to MRV virotherapy. In this work we analyzed the stage of viral infection necessary to inhibit HIF-1α, an aggressive cancer activator induced by hypoxia. We demonstrated that two viral capsid proteins were not necessary and that a step parallel with virus core movement across the endosomal membrane was required for this inhibition. Altogether, this work clarifies the mechanisms of MRV-induced HIF-1α inhibition and provides biological relevance for using MRV to inhibit the devastating effects of tumor hypoxia.
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吴 奇, 刘 培, 杨 翠, 陈 勇. [A Review of High-altitude Hypoxia Adaptation and Hypoxic Solid Tumor]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2021; 52:50-56. [PMID: 33474889 PMCID: PMC10408956 DOI: 10.12182/20210160504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Historically, the Cambrian explosion was a major life evolution event caused by changes of natural environmental oxygen concentration. The use of oxygen was part of the basic survival instinct of higher life, which evolved a complex regulation system in response to variant levels of oxygen concentration. Hypoxia is one of the typical environmental characteristics in plateau areas. After long-term natural selection in hypoxic conditions, numerous species living in plateau areas have evolved unique mechanisms adapted to hypoxia. Recent studies have found that there are some similarities in adaptation to hypoxia between the animals in highland and different types of human solid tumor cells. Herein, we will summarize recent findings about the hypoxia adaptation evolution in high-altitude animals and the characteristics of hypoxic solid tumors, especially the reactive oxygen species responses in hypoxic solid tumors. We believe that deciphering the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia adaptation in highland will facilitate the identification of new genes or biomarkers critical for research on hypoxic solid tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- 奇胜 吴
- 昆明理工大学医学院 (昆明 650500)Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 培燊 刘
- 昆明理工大学医学院 (昆明 650500)Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 翠萍 杨
- 昆明理工大学医学院 (昆明 650500)Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 勇彬 陈
- 昆明理工大学医学院 (昆明 650500)Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 (昆明 650223)Kunming Institute of Zoology, CAS, Kunming 650223, China
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Li C, Zhao J, Sun W. microRNA-222-Mediated VHL Downregulation Facilitates Retinoblastoma Chemoresistance by Increasing HIF1α Expression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:9. [PMID: 32756923 PMCID: PMC7441340 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in children. Chemoresistance is the major obstacle for treatment of these tumors. This study aims to determine whether or not downregulating microRNA-222 (miR-222) could serve as a potential therapeutic target for preventing chemoresistance in RB treatment. Methods Differentially expressed miR-222 in RB samples and its downstream target genes were predicted using bioinformatics methods. The expression of miR-222 was altered by mimic or inhibitor to examine its role in RB cell in response to the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine (VCR). Further bioinformatic analysis predicted involvement of the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) protein in regulation of the von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor, followed by characterization of the effect of VHL on the ubiquitin–proteasome degradation of HIF1α. Next, VHL or HIF1α was overexpressed to determine their effects on RB cell activities after VCR treatment. In vivo assays were performed on nude mice to further verify the in vitro results. Results miR-222 is highly expressed in RB tissues and cells and was found to facilitate resistance of RB cells to VCR. Of note, miR-222 specifically bound to and negatively regulated VHL. VHL could inhibit the stability of HIF1α and promote the degradation of ubiquitin–proteasome, thus reducing HIF1α expression to attenuate VCR resistance in RB cells. Moreover, inhibition of miR-222 in combination with VCR suppressed tumor formation in nude mice. Conclusions miR-222 promotes the expression of HIF1α by targeting VHL, thus accelerating the resistance of RB cells to the chemotherapeutic agent VCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Weiying Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
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A highly annotated database of genes associated with platinum resistance in cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:6395-6405. [PMID: 34645978 PMCID: PMC8602037 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy, including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, is prescribed to 10-20% of all cancer patients. Unfortunately, platinum resistance develops in a significant number of patients and is a determinant of clinical outcome. Extensive research has been conducted to understand and overcome platinum resistance, and mechanisms of resistance can be categorized into several broad biological processes, including (1) regulation of drug entry, exit, accumulation, sequestration, and detoxification, (2) enhanced repair and tolerance of platinum-induced DNA damage, (3) alterations in cell survival pathways, (4) alterations in pleiotropic processes and pathways, and (5) changes in the tumor microenvironment. As a resource to the cancer research community, we provide a comprehensive overview accompanied by a manually curated database of the >900 genes/proteins that have been associated with platinum resistance over the last 30 years of literature. The database is annotated with possible pathways through which the curated genes are related to platinum resistance, types of evidence, and hyperlinks to literature sources. The searchable, downloadable database is available online at http://ptrc-ddr.cptac-data-view.org .
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Guo C, Song C, Zhang J, Gao Y, Qi Y, Zhao Z, Yuan C. Revisiting chemoresistance in ovarian cancer: Mechanism, biomarkers, and precision medicine. Genes Dis 2020; 9:668-681. [PMID: 35782973 PMCID: PMC9243319 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer is the most lethal. Its therapeutic options include a combination of chemotherapy with platinum-based compounds and cytoreductive surgery. Most ovarian cancer patients exhibit an initial response to platinum-based therapy, however, platinum resistance has led to up to 80% of this responsive cohort becoming refractory. Ovarian cancer recurrence and drug resistance to current chemotherapeutic options is a global challenge. Chemo-resistance is a complex phenomenon that involves multiple genes and signal transduction pathways. Therefore, it is important to elucidate on the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in chemo-resistance. This inform decisions regarding therapeutic management and help in the identification of novel and effective drug targets. Studies have documented the individual biomarkers of platinum-resistance in ovarian cancer that are potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer, novel drug targets, and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Guo
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Chaoying Song
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Yisong Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Yuying Qi
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Zongyao Zhao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China
- Corresponding author. College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, PR China.
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Proteomic Analysis of Human Esophageal Cancer Using Tandem Mass Tag Quantifications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5849323. [PMID: 32832552 PMCID: PMC7429764 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5849323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a type of extremely aggressive gastrointestinal cancer with high incidences in China and other Asian countries. EC does not have specific symptoms and is relatively easy to metastasize, which makes it difficult in early diagnosis. Thus, novel noninvasive diagnostic method is urgently needed in clinical practice. In this study, mass spectrometry with tandem mass tags and differential protein analysis were applied for identifying esophageal cancer-related proteins. The identified proteins were annotated based on their enrichment in Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. In addition, hierarchical clustering was applied based on differentially expressed proteins. As a result, a total of 5131 quantifiable proteins were identified from our liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with tandem mass tags (LC-MS/MS-TMT) method with 63 upregulated and 97 downregulated differential proteins between esophageal cancer and controlled normal samples. The differentially expressed proteins were highly enriched in GO terms associated with mitochondrial dissemble and apoptosis, and blood vessel regulation, and the upregulated differentially expressed proteins in EC samples were significantly enriched in major histocompatibility complex MHC-class I/II pathway of immune system. The functional clustering analysis revealed potential protein-protein interactions among tetraspanin, myosin, and S-100. In summary, our study provided a practical technological procedure of proteomic analysis for discovering novel biomarkers of a specific cancer type.
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Xing L, Mi W, Zhang Y, Tian S, Zhang Y, Qi R, Lou G, Zhang C. The identification of six risk genes for ovarian cancer platinum response based on global network algorithm and verification analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9839-9852. [PMID: 32762026 PMCID: PMC7520306 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer, and resistance of platinum‐based chemotherapy is the main reason for treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to identify candidate genes involved in ovarian cancer platinum response by analysing genes from homologous recombination and Fanconi anaemia pathways. Associations between these two functional genes were explored in the study, and we performed a random walk algorithm based on reconstructed gene‐gene network, including protein‐protein interaction and co‐expression relations. Following the random walk, all genes were ranked and GSEA analysis showed that the biological functions focused primarily on autophagy, histone modification and gluconeogenesis. Based on three types of seed nodes, the top two genes were utilized as examples. We selected a total of six candidate genes (FANCA, FANCG, POLD1, KDM1A, BLM and BRCA1) for subsequent verification. The validation results of the six candidate genes have significance in three independent ovarian cancer data sets with platinum‐resistant and platinum‐sensitive information. To explore the correlation between biomarkers and clinical prognostic factors, we performed differential analysis and multivariate clinical subgroup analysis for six candidate genes at both mRNA and protein levels. And each of the six candidate genes and their neighbouring genes with a mutation rate greater than 10% were also analysed by network construction and functional enrichment analysis. In the meanwhile, the survival analysis for platinum‐treated patients was performed in the current study. Finally, the RT‐qPCR assay was used to determine the performance of candidate genes in ovarian cancer platinum response. Taken together, this research demonstrated that comprehensive bioinformatics methods could help to understand the molecular mechanism of platinum response and provide new strategies for overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Xing
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wanqi Mi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Songyu Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yunyang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Qi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chunlong Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Perez-Juarez CE, Arechavaleta-Velasco F, Zeferino-Toquero M, Alvarez-Arellano L, Estrada-Moscoso I, Diaz-Cueto L. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways decreases progranulin expression in ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) cell line: a potential biomarker for therapy response to signaling pathway inhibitors. Med Oncol 2019; 37:4. [PMID: 31713081 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with advanced stage ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) have a poor prognosis due to resistance to conventional platinum chemotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways are involved in this chemoresistance. Progranulin (PGRN) overexpression contributes to cisplatin resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines. Also, PGRN expression is regulated by AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in different cell types. Thus, the present study was designed to identify if PGRN expression is regulated by AKT, mTOR, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in the OCCC cell line TOV-21G. Cultured TOV-21G cells were incubated with different concentrations of pharmacological cell signaling inhibitors. PGRN expression and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, and mTOR were assessed by Western blotting. Inhibition of AKT, mTOR, and ERK1/2 significantly reduced PGRN expression. Cell viability was not affected, while cell proliferation significantly decreased with all inhibitors used in this study. These observations demonstrated that inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways reduces PGRN expression in TOV-21G cells. Thus, PGRN could be considered as a candidate for explaining the high resistance to platinum-based treatment and a potential biomarker for therapy response to cell signaling inhibitors in patients with OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Perez-Juarez
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fabian Arechavaleta-Velasco
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Moises Zeferino-Toquero
- Departamento de Oncologia Ginecologica, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Departamento de Cirugia Oncologica, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No.3, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Isaias Estrada-Moscoso
- Departamento de Patologia, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", IMSS, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Laura Diaz-Cueto
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Medicina Reproductiva, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Rio Magdalena No. 289, Sexto piso, Tizapan San Angel, 01090, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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