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Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Menegaz BA, Ramamoorthy V, Vishwamitra D, Wang Y, Maywald RL, Buford AS, Fokt I, Skora S, Wang J, Naing A, Lazar AJ, Rohren EM, Daw NC, Subbiah V, Benjamin RS, Ratan R, Priebe W, Mikos AG, Amin HM, Ludwig JA. IGF-1R and mTOR Blockade: Novel Resistance Mechanisms and Synergistic Drug Combinations for Ewing Sarcoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw182. [PMID: 27576731 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapies cotargeting insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have demonstrated remarkable, albeit short-lived, clinical responses in a subset of Ewing sarcoma (ES) patients. However, the mechanisms of resistance and applicable strategies for overcoming drug resistance to the IGF-1R/mTOR blockade are still undefined. METHODS To elucidate predominant mechanism(s) of acquired drug resistance while identifying synergistic drug combinations that improve clinical efficacy, we generated more than 18 ES cell lines resistant to IGF-1R- or mTOR-targeted therapy. Two small-molecule inhibitors of IGF-1R were chosen, NVP-ADW-742 (IGF-1R-selective) and OSI-906 (a dual IGF-1R/insulin receptor alpha [IR-α] inhibitor). Reverse-phase protein lysate arrays (RPPAs) revealed proteomic changes linked to IGF-1R/mTOR resistance, and selected proteins were validated in cell-based assays, xenografts, and within human clinical samples. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Novel mechanisms of resistance (MOR) emerged after dalotuzumab-, NVP-ADW-742-, and OSI-906-based targeting of IGF-1R. MOR to dalotuzumab included upregulation of IRS1, PI3K, and STAT3, as well as p38 MAPK, which was also induced by OSI-906. pEIF4E(Ser209), a key regulator of Cap-dependent translation, was induced in ridaforolimus-resistant ES cell lines. Unique drug combinations targeting IGF-1R and PI3K-alpha or Mnk and mTOR were synergistic in vivo and vitro (P < .001) as assessed respectively by Mantel-Cox and isobologram testing. CONCLUSIONS We discovered new druggable targets expressed by chemoresistant ES cells, xenografts, and relapsed human tumors. Joint suppression of these newfound targets, in concert with IGF-1R or mTOR blockade, should improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah-Eddine Lamhamedi-Cherradi
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Brian A Menegaz
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Vandhana Ramamoorthy
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Deeksha Vishwamitra
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Ying Wang
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Rebecca L Maywald
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Adriana S Buford
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Stanislaw Skora
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Jing Wang
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Aung Naing
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Eric M Rohren
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Najat C Daw
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Robert S Benjamin
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Ravin Ratan
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Hesham M Amin
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
| | - Joseph A Ludwig
- Departments of Sarcoma Medical Oncology (SELC, BAM, VR, RSB, RR, JAL), Hematopathology (DV, HMA), Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (YW, JW), Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (AN, VS), Pediatrics-Patient Care (NCD), Experimental Therapeutics (IF, SS, WP), and Pathology (AJL), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Departments of Radiology (EMR) and Molecular & Human Genetics (RLM), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatric-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital. Houston, TX (ASB); Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX (AGM)
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