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Ertay A, Ewing RM, Wang Y. Synthetic lethal approaches to target cancers with loss of PTEN function. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2511-2527. [PMID: 37533462 PMCID: PMC7614861 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumour suppressor gene and has a role in inhibiting the oncogenic AKT signalling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The function of PTEN is regulated by different mechanisms and inactive PTEN results in aggressive tumour phenotype and tumorigenesis. Identifying targeted therapies for inactive tumour suppressor genes such as PTEN has been challenging as it is difficult to restore the tumour suppressor functions. Therefore, focusing on the downstream signalling pathways to discover a targeted therapy for inactive tumour suppressor genes has highlighted the importance of synthetic lethality studies. This review focuses on the potential synthetic lethality genes discovered in PTEN-inactive cancer types. These discovered genes could be potential targeted therapies for PTEN-inactive cancer types and may improve the treatment response rates for aggressive types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ertay
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rob M. Ewing
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Yihua Wang
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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2
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Bertran-Alamillo J, Giménez-Capitán A, Román R, Talbot S, Whiteley R, Floc'h N, Martínez-Pérez E, Martin MJ, Smith PD, Sullivan I, Terp MG, Saeh J, Marino-Buslje C, Fabbri G, Guo G, Xu M, Tornador C, Aguilar-Hernández A, Reguart N, Ditzel HJ, Martínez-Bueno A, Nabau-Moretó N, Gascó A, Rosell R, Pease JE, Polanska UM, Travers J, Urosevic J, Molina-Vila MA. BID expression determines the apoptotic fate of cancer cells after abrogation of the spindle assembly checkpoint by AURKB or TTK inhibitors. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:110. [PMID: 37443114 PMCID: PMC10339641 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01815-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drugs targeting the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), such as inhibitors of Aurora kinase B (AURKB) and dual specific protein kinase TTK, are in different stages of clinical development. However, cell response to SAC abrogation is poorly understood and there are no markers for patient selection. METHODS A panel of 53 tumor cell lines of different origins was used. The effects of drugs were analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. Copy number status was determined by FISH and Q-PCR; mRNA expression by nCounter and RT-Q-PCR and protein expression by Western blotting. CRISPR-Cas9 technology was used for gene knock-out (KO) and a doxycycline-inducible pTRIPZ vector for ectopic expression. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed by implanting cultured cells or fragments of tumors into immunodeficient mice. RESULTS Tumor cells and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) sensitive to AURKB and TTK inhibitors consistently showed high expression levels of BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID), while cell lines and PDXs with low BID were uniformly resistant. Gene silencing rendered BID-overexpressing cells insensitive to SAC abrogation while ectopic BID expression in BID-low cells significantly increased sensitivity. SAC abrogation induced activation of CASP-2, leading to cleavage of CASP-3 and extensive cell death only in presence of high levels of BID. Finally, a prevalence study revealed high BID mRNA in 6% of human solid tumors. CONCLUSIONS The fate of tumor cells after SAC abrogation is driven by an AURKB/ CASP-2 signaling mechanism, regulated by BID levels. Our results pave the way to clinically explore SAC-targeting drugs in tumors with high BID expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Bertran-Alamillo
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Dexeus University Hospital, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08913, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Giménez-Capitán
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Dexeus University Hospital, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08913, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Román
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Dexeus University Hospital, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08913, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Talbot
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Rebecca Whiteley
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Nicolas Floc'h
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | | | - Matthew J Martin
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Paul D Smith
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Ivana Sullivan
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
- Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell, Hospital Universitario Dexeus, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Mikkel G Terp
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, 5000, Denmark
| | - Jamal Saeh
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | | | - Giulia Fabbri
- Translational Medicine, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Grace Guo
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | - Man Xu
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA
| | | | | | - Noemí Reguart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, 5000, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5000, Denmark
| | | | | | - Amaya Gascó
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell, Hospital Universitario Dexeus, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, 08916, Spain
| | - J Elizabeth Pease
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Urszula M Polanska
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Jon Travers
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Jelena Urosevic
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | - Miguel A Molina-Vila
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Dexeus University Hospital, C/ Sabino Arana 5-19, 08913, Barcelona, Spain.
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Badawy SA, Hassan AR, Elkousy RH, Abu El Wafa SA, Mohammad AESI. New cyclic glycolipids from Silene succulenta promote in vitro MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell apoptosis by cell cycle arrest and in silico mitotic Mps1/TTK inhibition. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18627-18638. [PMID: 37346953 PMCID: PMC10280128 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro anticancer screening of Silene succulenta Forssk. aerial parts (Caryophyllaceae) showed that the n-hexane fraction was a highly effective fraction against breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7) with IC50 = 15.5 μg mL-1. The bioactive-guided approach led to the isolation of two new cyclic glucolipids from the n-hexane fraction, identified as a 1,2'-cyclic ester of 11-oxy-(6'-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl) behenic acid (1) as a C-11 epimeric mixture and 11(R)-oxy-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-1,2'-cyclic ester of behenic acid (2). An in vitro cytotoxicity study showed the potential suppression of MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 11.7 ± 0.04 and 6.6 ± 0.01 μg mL-1 for compounds 1 and 2, respectively, compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.83 ± 0.01 μg mL-1). Accordingly, only cell cycle tracking for the most active compound (2) was assessed. The cell cycle investigation showed that compound 2 altered the cell cycle at G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases in MCF-7 treated cells. In addition, its powerful apoptotic ability resulted in a significant increase in the early and late stages of apoptosis. Moreover, molecular docking analysis, which was performed against the anticancer mitotic (or spindle assembly) checkpoint target Mps1 kinase, showed that the two new cyclic glycolipids (1 and 2) possess high binding affinity of -7.7 and - 7.6 kcal mol-1, respectively, compared to its ATP ligand. Overall, this report emphasizes that natural cyclic glycolipids can be used as potential antitumour breast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Badawy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center El-Matariya 11753 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hassan
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center El-Matariya 11753 Cairo Egypt
| | - Rawah H Elkousy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11651 Cairo Egypt
| | - Salwa A Abu El Wafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Girls), Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11651 Cairo Egypt
| | - Abd-El Salam I Mohammad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (for Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City 13129 Cairo Egypt
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Saleh L, Ottewell PD, Brown JE, Wood SL, Brown NJ, Wilson C, Park C, Ali S, Holen I. The CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib Inhibits Estrogen-Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082211. [PMID: 37190140 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CDK 4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated significant improved survival for patients with estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (BC). However, the ability of these promising agents to inhibit bone metastasis from either ER+ve or triple negative BC (TNBC) remains to be established. We therefore investigated the effects of the CDK 4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib, using in vivo models of breast cancer bone metastasis. In an ER+ve T47D model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis from the mammary fat pad to bone, primary tumour growth and the number of hind limb skeletal tumours were significantly lower in palbociclib treated animals compared to vehicle controls. In the TNBC MDA-MB-231 model of metastatic outgrowth in bone (intracardiac route), continuous palbociclib treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth in bone compared to vehicle. When a 7-day break was introduced after 28 days (mimicking the clinical schedule), tumour growth resumed and was not inhibited by a second cycle of palbociclib, either alone or when combined with the bone-targeted agent, zoledronic acid (Zol), or a CDK7 inhibitor. Downstream phosphoprotein analysis of the MAPK pathway identified a number of phosphoproteins, such as p38, that may contribute to drug-insensitive tumour growth. These data encourage further investigation of targeting alternative pathways in CDK 4/6-insensitive tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubaid Saleh
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Penelope D Ottewell
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Janet E Brown
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
- Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield S10 2SJ, UK
| | - Steve L Wood
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Nichola J Brown
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | | | - Catherine Park
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Simak Ali
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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5
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Portelinha A, da Silva Ferreira M, Erazo T, Jiang M, Asgari Z, de Stanchina E, Younes A, Wendel HG. Synthetic lethality of drug-induced polyploidy and BCL-2 inhibition in lymphoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1522. [PMID: 36934096 PMCID: PMC10024740 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous whole genome duplication and the adaptive mutations that disrupt genome integrity checkpoints are infrequent events in B cell lymphomas. This suggests that lymphomas might be vulnerable to therapeutics that acutely trigger genomic instability and polyploidy. Here, we report a therapeutic combination of inhibitors of the Polo-like kinase 4 and BCL-2 that trigger genomic instability and cell death in aggressive lymphomas. The synthetic lethality is selective for tumor cells and spares vital organs. Mechanistically, inhibitors of Polo-like kinase 4 impair centrosome duplication and cause genomic instability. The elimination of polyploid cells largely depends on the pro-apoptotic BAX protein. Consequently, the combination of drugs that induce polyploidy with the BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax is highly synergistic and safe against xenograft and PDX models. We show that B cell lymphomas are ill-equipped for acute, therapy-induced polyploidy and that BCL-2 inhibition further enhances the removal of polyploid lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Portelinha
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine Lymphoma Service Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Tatiana Erazo
- Department of Medicine Lymphoma Service Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Man Jiang
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zahra Asgari
- Department of Medicine Lymphoma Service Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anas Younes
- Department of Medicine Lymphoma Service Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- AstraZeneca, Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
| | - Hans-Guido Wendel
- Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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6
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Ashraf N, Asari A, Yousaf N, Ahmad M, Ahmed M, Faisal A, Saleem M, Muddassar M. Combined 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and dynamics simulations studies to model and design TTK inhibitors. Front Chem 2022; 10:1003816. [PMID: 36405310 PMCID: PMC9666879 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1003816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine threonine kinase (TTK) is the key component of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) that ensures correct attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle and thereby their precise segregation into daughter cells by phosphorylating specific substrate proteins. The overexpression of TTK has been associated with various human malignancies, including breast, colorectal and thyroid carcinomas. TTK has been validated as a target for drug development, and several TTK inhibitors have been discovered. In this study, ligand and structure-based alignment as well as various partial charge models were used to perform 3D-QSAR modelling on 1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-c] pyridine core containing reported inhibitors of TTK protein using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) approaches to design better active compounds. Different statistical methods i.e., correlation coefficient of non-cross validation (r2), correlation coefficient of leave-one-out cross-validation (q2), Fisher's test (F) and bootstrapping were used to validate the developed models. Out of several charge models and alignment-based approaches, Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF94) charges using structure-based alignment yielded highly predictive CoMFA (q2 = 0.583, Predr2 = 0.751) and CoMSIA (q2 = 0.690, Predr2 = 0.767) models. The models exhibited that electrostatic, steric, HBA, HBD, and hydrophobic fields play a key role in structure activity relationship of these compounds. Using the contour maps information of the best predictive model, new compounds were designed and docked at the TTK active site to predict their plausible binding modes. The structural stability of the TTK complexes with new compounds was confirmed using MD simulations. The simulation studies revealed that all compounds formed stable complexes. Similarly, MM/PBSA method based free energy calculations showed that these compounds bind with reasonably good affinity to the TTK protein. Overall molecular modelling results suggest that newly designed compounds can act as lead compounds for the optimization of TTK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureen Ashraf
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asnuzilawati Asari
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Numan Yousaf
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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7
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Comparison of the mutational profiles of neuroendocrine breast tumours, invasive ductal carcinomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:53. [PMID: 36085291 PMCID: PMC9463436 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology and the optimal treatment of breast neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are unknown. We compared the mutational profiles of breast NETs (n = 53) with those of 724 publicly available invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 98 pancreatic NET (PNET) cases. The only significantly different pathogenetic or unknown variant rate between breast NETs and IDCs was detected in the TP53 (11.3% in breast NETs and 41% in IDCs, adjusted p value 0.027) and ADCK2 (9.4% in breast NETs vs. 0.28% in IDCs, adjusted p value 0.045) genes. Between breast NETs and PNETs, different pathogenetic or unknown variant frequencies were detected in 30 genes. For example, MEN1 was mutated in only 6% of breast NETs and 37% in PNETs (adjusted p value 0.00050), and GATA3 pathogenetic or unknown variants were only found in 17.0% of breast NETs and 0% in PNETs (adjusted p value 0.0010). The most commonly affected oncogenic pathways in the breast NET cases were PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NOTCH and RTK-RAS pathways. Breast NETs had typically clock-like mutational signatures and signatures associated with defective DNA mismatch repair in their mutational landscape. Our results suggest that the breast NET mutational profile more closely resembles that of IDCs than that of PNETs. These results also revealed several potentially druggable targets, such as MMRd, in breast NETs. In conclusion, breast NETs are indeed a separate breast cancer entity, but their optimal treatment remains to be elucidated.
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Tarantino D, Walker C, Weekes D, Pemberton H, Davidson K, Torga G, Frankum J, Mendes-Pereira AM, Prince C, Ferro R, Brough R, Pettitt SJ, Lord CJ, Grigoriadis A, Nj Tutt A. Functional screening reveals HORMAD1-driven gene dependencies associated with translesion synthesis and replication stress tolerance. Oncogene 2022; 41:3969-3977. [PMID: 35768547 PMCID: PMC9355871 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
HORMAD1 expression is usually restricted to germline cells, but it becomes mis-expressed in epithelial cells in ~60% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), where it is associated with elevated genomic instability (1). HORMAD1 expression in TNBC is bimodal with HORMAD1-positive TNBC representing a biologically distinct disease group. Identification of HORMAD1-driven genetic dependencies may uncover novel therapies for this disease group. To study HORMAD1-driven genetic dependencies, we generated a SUM159 cell line model with doxycycline-inducible HORMAD1 that replicated genomic instability phenotypes seen in HORMAD1-positive TNBC (1). Using small interfering RNA screens, we identified candidate genes whose depletion selectively inhibited the cellular growth of HORMAD1-expressing cells. We validated five genes (ATR, BRIP1, POLH, TDP1 and XRCC1), depletion of which led to reduced cellular growth or clonogenic survival in cells expressing HORMAD1. In addition to the translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase POLH, we identified a HORMAD1-driven dependency upon additional TLS polymerases, namely POLK, REV1, REV3L and REV7. Our data confirms that out-of-context somatic expression of HORMAD1 can lead to genomic instability and reveals that HORMAD1 expression induces dependencies upon replication stress tolerance pathways, such as translesion synthesis. Our data also suggest that HORMAD1 expression could be a patient selection biomarker for agents targeting replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Tarantino
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Callum Walker
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Daniel Weekes
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Helen Pemberton
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kathryn Davidson
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gonzalo Torga
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jessica Frankum
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ana M Mendes-Pereira
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cynthia Prince
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Ferro
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Brough
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Nj Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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9
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ADCK2 Knockdown Affects the Migration of Melanoma Cells via MYL6. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041071. [PMID: 35205819 PMCID: PMC8869929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is a growing health issue in the 21st century. Due to early metastasis and the development of resistance, it still goes along with a poor prognosis. ADCK protein kinases have been shown to play a role during cancer development and metastasis. Here, we investigated the role of ADCK2 in melanoma. In our study, we showed that higher levels of intratumoral ADCK2 benefit patient survival, while a low expression of ADCK2 was associated with a higher motility and a dedifferentiated state of melanoma cells, which facilitates metastasis. Our results could give new insights into melanoma metastasis, and ADCK2 could qualify as a prognostic marker or a target for melanoma therapy in the future. Abstract Background: ADCK2 is a member of the AarF domain-containing kinase family, which consists of five members, and has been shown to play a role in CoQ metabolism. However, ADCKs have also been connected to cancer cell survival, proliferation and motility. In this study, we investigated the role of ADCK2 in melanoma. Methods: The effect of ADCK2 on melanoma cell motility was evaluated by a scratch assay and a transwell invasion assay upon siRNA-mediated knockdown or stable overexpression of ADCK2. Results: We found that high levels of intratumoral ADCK2 and MYL6 are associated with a higher survival rate in melanoma patients. Knocking down ADCK2 resulted in enhanced cell migration of melanoma cells. Moreover, ADCK2-knockdown cells adopted a more dedifferentiated phenotype. A gene expression array revealed that the expression of ADCK2 correlated with the expressions of MYL6 and RAB2A. Knocking down MYL6 in ADCK2-overexpressing cells could abrogate the effect of ADCK2 overexpression and thus confirm the functional connection between ADCK2 and MYL6. Conclusion: ADCK2 affects melanoma cell motility, most probably via MYL6. Our results allow the conclusion that ADCK2 could act as a tumor suppressor in melanoma.
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UbiB proteins regulate cellular CoQ distribution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4769. [PMID: 34362905 PMCID: PMC8346625 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics, Coenzyme Q (CoQ, ubiquinone) serves as a key membrane-embedded antioxidant throughout the cell. However, how CoQ is mobilized from its site of synthesis on the inner mitochondrial membrane to other sites of action remains a longstanding mystery. Here, using a combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, biochemical fractionation, and lipid profiling, we identify two highly conserved but poorly characterized mitochondrial proteins, Ypl109c (Cqd1) and Ylr253w (Cqd2), that reciprocally affect this process. Loss of Cqd1 skews cellular CoQ distribution away from mitochondria, resulting in markedly enhanced resistance to oxidative stress caused by exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids, whereas loss of Cqd2 promotes the opposite effects. The activities of both proteins rely on their atypical kinase/ATPase domains, which they share with Coq8-an essential auxiliary protein for CoQ biosynthesis. Overall, our results reveal protein machinery central to CoQ trafficking in yeast and lend insights into the broader interplay between mitochondria and the rest of the cell.
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11
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Sundara Rajan S, Ludwig KR, Hall KL, Jones TL, Caplen NJ. Cancer biology functional genomics: From small RNAs to big dreams. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:1343-1361. [PMID: 33043516 PMCID: PMC7702050 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The year 2021 marks the 20th anniversary of the first publications reporting the discovery of the gene silencing mechanism, RNA interference (RNAi) in mammalian cells. Along with the many studies that delineated the proteins and substrates that form the RNAi pathway, this finding changed our understanding of the posttranscriptional regulation of mammalian gene expression. Furthermore, the development of methods that exploited the RNAi pathway began the technological revolution that eventually enabled the interrogation of mammalian gene function-from a single gene to the whole genome-in only a few days. The needs of the cancer research community have driven much of this progress. In this perspective, we highlight milestones in the development and application of RNAi-based methods to study carcinogenesis. We discuss how RNAi-based functional genetic analysis of exemplar tumor suppressors and oncogenes furthered our understanding of cancer initiation and progression and explore how such studies formed the basis of genome-wide scale efforts to identify cancer or cancer-type specific vulnerabilities, including studies conducted in vivo. Furthermore, we examine how RNAi technologies have revealed new cancer-relevant molecular targets and the implications for cancer of the first RNAi-based drugs. Finally, we discuss the future of functional genetic analysis, highlighting the increasing availability of complementary approaches to analyze cancer gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Sundara Rajan
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics BranchCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Katelyn R. Ludwig
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics BranchCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Katherine L. Hall
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics BranchCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Tamara L. Jones
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics BranchCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Natasha J. Caplen
- Functional Genetics Section, Genetics BranchCenter for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
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12
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Hight SK, Mootz A, Kollipara RK, McMillan E, Yenerall P, Otaki Y, Li LS, Avila K, Peyton M, Rodriguez-Canales J, Mino B, Villalobos P, Girard L, Dospoy P, Larsen J, White MA, Heymach JV, Wistuba II, Kittler R, Minna JD. An in vivo functional genomics screen of nuclear receptors and their co-regulators identifies FOXA1 as an essential gene in lung tumorigenesis. Neoplasia 2020; 22:294-310. [PMID: 32512502 PMCID: PMC7281309 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Using a mini-library of 1062 lentiviral shRNAs targeting 40 nuclear hormone receptors and 70 of their co-regulators, we searched for potential therapeutic targets that would be important during in vivo tumor growth using a parallel in vitro and in vivo shRNA screening strategy in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) line NCI-H1819. We identified 21 genes essential for in vitro growth, and nine genes specifically required for tumor survival in vivo, but not in vitro: NCOR2, FOXA1, HDAC1, RXRA, RORB, RARB, MTA2, ETV4, and NR1H2. We focused on FOXA1, since it lies within the most frequently amplified genomic region in lung adenocarcinomas. We found that 14q-amplification in NSCLC cell lines was a biomarker for FOXA1 dependency for both in vivo xenograft growth and colony formation, but not mass culture growth in vitro. FOXA1 knockdown identified genes involved in electron transport among the most differentially regulated, indicating FOXA1 loss may lead to a decrease in cellular respiration. In support of this, FOXA1 amplification was correlated with increased sensitivity to the complex I inhibitor phenformin. Integrative ChipSeq analyses reveal that FOXA1 functions in this genetic context may be at least partially independent of NKX2-1. Our findings are consistent with a neomorphic function for amplified FOXA1, driving an oncogenic transcriptional program. These data provide new insight into the functional consequences of FOXA1 amplification in lung adenocarcinomas, and identify new transcriptional networks for exploration of therapeutic vulnerabilities in this patient population.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Genomics/methods
- Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha/genetics
- Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha/metabolism
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/genetics
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
- Thrombospondin 1/genetics
- Thrombospondin 1/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzie K Hight
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Allison Mootz
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rahul K Kollipara
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth McMillan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paul Yenerall
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Eugene McDermott Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yoichi Otaki
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Long-Shan Li
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kimberley Avila
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael Peyton
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Canales
- Department of Translational and Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Mino
- Department of Translational and Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela Villalobos
- Department of Translational and Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Luc Girard
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Dospoy
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jill Larsen
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael A White
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John V Heymach
- Department Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational and Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ralf Kittler
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Differential responses to kinase inhibition in FGFR2-addicted triple negative breast cancer cells: a quantitative phosphoproteomics study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7950. [PMID: 32409632 PMCID: PMC7224374 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) dependent signalling is frequently activated in cancer by a variety of different mechanisms. However, the downstream signal transduction pathways involved are poorly characterised. Here a quantitative differential phosphoproteomics approach, SILAC, is applied to identify FGF-regulated phosphorylation events in two triple- negative breast tumour cell lines, MFM223 and SUM52, that exhibit amplified expression of FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) and are dependent on continued FGFR2 signalling for cell viability. Comparative Gene Ontology proteome analysis revealed that SUM52 cells were enriched in proteins associated with cell metabolism and MFM223 cells enriched in proteins associated with cell adhesion and migration. FGFR2 inhibition by SU5402 impacts a significant fraction of the observed phosphoproteome of these cells. This study expands the known landscape of FGF signalling and identifies many new targets for functional investigation. FGF signalling pathways are found to be flexible in architecture as both shared, and divergent, responses to inhibition of FGFR2 kinase activity in the canonical RAF/MAPK/ERK/RSK and PI3K/AKT/PDK/mTOR/S6K pathways are identified. Inhibition of phosphorylation-dependent negative-feedback pathways is observed, defining mechanisms of intrinsic resistance to FGFR2 inhibition. These findings have implications for the therapeutic application of FGFR inhibitors as they identify both common and divergent responses in cells harbouring the same genetic lesion and pathways of drug resistance.
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14
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Pancholi S, Ribas R, Simigdala N, Schuster E, Nikitorowicz-Buniak J, Ressa A, Gao Q, Leal MF, Bhamra A, Thornhill A, Morisset L, Montaudon E, Sourd L, Fitzpatrick M, Altelaar M, Johnston SR, Marangoni E, Dowsett M, Martin LA. Tumour kinome re-wiring governs resistance to palbociclib in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers, highlighting new therapeutic modalities. Oncogene 2020; 39:4781-4797. [PMID: 32307447 PMCID: PMC7299844 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy improves clinical outcome in advanced oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, however relapse is inevitable. Here, we show in model systems that other than loss of RB1 few gene-copy number (CN) alterations are associated with irreversible-resistance to endocrine therapy and subsequent secondary resistance to palbociclib. Resistance to palbociclib occurred as a result of tumour cell re-wiring leading to increased expression of EGFR, MAPK, CDK4, CDK2, CDK7, CCNE1 and CCNE2. Resistance altered the ER genome wide-binding pattern, leading to decreased expression of ‘classical’ oestrogen-regulated genes and was accompanied by reduced sensitivity to fulvestrant and tamoxifen. Persistent CDK4 blockade decreased phosphorylation of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) enhancing EGFR signalling, leading to the re-wiring of ER. Kinome-knockdown confirmed dependency on ERBB-signalling and G2/M–checkpoint proteins such as WEE1, together with the cell cycle master regulator, CDK7. Noteworthy, sensitivity to CDK7 inhibition was associated with loss of ER and RB1 CN. Overall, we show that resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors is dependent on kinase re-wiring and the redeployment of signalling cascades previously associated with endocrine resistance and highlights new therapeutic networks that can be exploited upon relapse after CDK4/6 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Pancholi
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ricardo Ribas
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Nikiana Simigdala
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eugene Schuster
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Anna Ressa
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Qiong Gao
- CRUK, Bioinformatic Cofacility, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mariana Ferreira Leal
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Amandeep Bhamra
- Proteomic Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Allan Thornhill
- Centre for Cancer Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Elodie Montaudon
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laura Sourd
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Martin Fitzpatrick
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mitch Dowsett
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.,Ralph Lauren Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Lesley-Ann Martin
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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15
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Huynh MM, Jayanthan A, Pambid MR, Los G, Dunn SE. RSK2: a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 24:1-5. [PMID: 31875730 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1709824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- My-My Huynh
- Phoenix Molecular Designs, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Gerrit Los
- Phoenix Molecular Designs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sandra E Dunn
- Phoenix Molecular Designs, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Phoenix Molecular Designs, San Diego, CA, USA
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16
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The MS-lincRNA landscape reveals a novel lincRNA BCLIN25 that contributes to tumorigenesis by upregulating ERBB2 expression via epigenetic modification and RNA-RNA interactions in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:920. [PMID: 31801944 PMCID: PMC6892920 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The landscape of molecular subtype-specific long intergenic noncoding RNAs (MS-lincRNAs) in breast cancer has not been elucidated. No study has investigated the biological function of BCLIN25, serving as a novel HER2 subtype-specific lincRNA, in human disease, especially in malignancy. Moreover, the mechanism of BCLIN25 in the regulation of ERBB2 expression remains unknown. Our present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of BCLIN25 in the regulation of ERBB2 expression. The transcriptional landscape across five subtypes of breast cancer was investigated using RNA sequencing. Integrative transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify the landscape of novel lincRNAs. Next, WEKA was used to identify lincRNA-based subtype classification and MS-lincRNAs for breast cancer. The MS-lincRNAs were validated in 250 breast cancer samples in our cohort and datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. Furthermore, BCLIN25 was selected, and its role in tumorigenesis was examined in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the mechanism by which BCLIN25 regulates ERBB2 expression was investigated in detail. A total of 715 novel lincRNAs were differentially expressed across five breast cancer subtypes. Next, lincRNA-based subtype classifications and MS-lincRNAs were identified and validated using our breast cancer samples and public datasets. BCLIN25 was found to contribute to tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BCLIN25 was shown to increase the expression of ERBB2 by enhancing promoter CpG methylation of miR-125b, leading to miR-125b downregulation. In turn, ERBB2 mRNA degradation was found to be abolished due to decreased binding of miR-125b to the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of ERBB2. These findings reveal the role of novel lincRNAs in breast cancer and provide a comprehensive landscape of breast cancer MS-lincRNAs, which may complement the current molecular classification system in breast cancer.
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17
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Anderhub SJ, Mak GWY, Gurden MD, Faisal A, Drosopoulos K, Walsh K, Woodward HL, Innocenti P, Westwood IM, Naud S, Hayes A, Theofani E, Filosto S, Saville H, Burke R, van Montfort RLM, Raynaud FI, Blagg J, Hoelder S, Eccles SA, Linardopoulos S. High Proliferation Rate and a Compromised Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Confers Sensitivity to the MPS1 Inhibitor BOS172722 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1696-1707. [PMID: 31575759 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BOS172722 (CCT289346) is a highly potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of spindle assembly checkpoint kinase MPS1. BOS172722 treatment alone induces significant sensitization to death, particularly in highly proliferative triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines with compromised spindle assembly checkpoint activity. BOS172722 synergizes with paclitaxel to induce gross chromosomal segregation defects caused by MPS1 inhibitor-mediated abrogation of the mitotic delay induced by paclitaxel treatment. In in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments, BOS172722 potently inhibits the spindle assembly checkpoint induced by paclitaxel in human tumor xenograft models of TNBC, as measured by inhibition of the phosphorylation of histone H3 and the phosphorylation of the MPS1 substrate, KNL1. This mechanistic synergy results in significant in vivo efficacy, with robust tumor regressions observed for the combination of BOS172722 and paclitaxel versus either agent alone in long-term efficacy studies in multiple human tumor xenograft TNBC models, including a patient-derived xenograft and a systemic metastasis model. The current target indication for BOS172722 is TNBC, based on their high sensitivity to MPS1 inhibition, the well-defined clinical patient population with high unmet need, and the synergy observed with paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Anderhub
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Wing-Yan Mak
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Gurden
- The Breast Cancer Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Faisal
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Drosopoulos
- The Breast Cancer Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Walsh
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L Woodward
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Innocenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac M Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Naud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Efthymia Theofani
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Filosto
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Saville
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
- The Breast Cancer Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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Vázquez-Fonseca L, Schaefer J, Navas-Enamorado I, Santos-Ocaña C, Hernández-Camacho JD, Guerra I, Cascajo MV, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Horvath Z, Siendones E, Jou C, Casado M, Gutiérrez P, Brea-Calvo G, López-Lluch G, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Cortés-Rodríguez AB, Rodríguez-Aguilera JC, Matté C, Ribes A, Prieto-Soler SY, Dominguez-Del-Toro E, Francesco AD, Aon MA, Bernier M, Salviati L, Artuch R, Cabo RD, Jackson S, Navas P. ADCK2 Haploinsufficiency Reduces Mitochondrial Lipid Oxidation and Causes Myopathy Associated with CoQ Deficiency. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091374. [PMID: 31480808 PMCID: PMC6780728 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids and glucose are the main bioenergetic substrates in mammals. Impairment of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation causes mitochondrial myopathy leading to decreased physical performance. Here, we report that haploinsufficiency of ADCK2, a member of the aarF domain-containing mitochondrial protein kinase family, in human is associated with liver dysfunction and severe mitochondrial myopathy with lipid droplets in skeletal muscle. In order to better understand the etiology of this rare disorder, we generated a heterozygous Adck2 knockout mouse model to perform in vivo and cellular studies using integrated analysis of physiological and omics data (transcriptomics–metabolomics). The data showed that Adck2+/− mice exhibited impaired fatty acid oxidation, liver dysfunction, and mitochondrial myopathy in skeletal muscle resulting in lower physical performance. Significant decrease in Coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis was observed and supplementation with CoQ partially rescued the phenotype both in the human subject and mouse model. These results indicate that ADCK2 is involved in organismal fatty acid metabolism and in CoQ biosynthesis in skeletal muscle. We propose that patients with isolated myopathies and myopathies involving lipid accumulation be tested for possible ADCK2 defect as they are likely to be responsive to CoQ supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Vázquez-Fonseca
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, and IRP Città della Speranza, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Jochen Schaefer
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ignacio Navas-Enamorado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan D Hernández-Camacho
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Guerra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - María V Cascajo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cuesta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zoltan Horvath
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emilio Siendones
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Chemistry and Pathology Departments, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08000 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Casado
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Chemistry and Pathology Departments, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08000 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Gutiérrez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gloria Brea-Calvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel J M Fernández-Ayala
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Cortés-Rodríguez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Rodríguez-Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristiane Matté
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonia Ribes
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
- Secciód'Errors Congènits del Metabolisme-IBC, Servei de Bioquímica I Genètica Molecular, Hospital Clinic, 08000 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Andrea di Francesco
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Miguel A Aon
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padova, and IRP Città della Speranza, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Rafael Artuch
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Chemistry and Pathology Departments, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08000 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Sandra Jackson
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28000 Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Abstract
The mitotic protein polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) plays a critical role in centrosome duplication for cell division. By using immunofluorescence, we confirm that PLK4 is localized to centrosomes. In addition, we find that phospho-PLK4 (pPLK4) is cleaved and distributed to kinetochores (metaphase and anaphase), spindle midzone/cleavage furrow (anaphase and telophase), and midbody (cytokinesis) during cell division in immortalized epithelial cells as well as breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer cells. The distribution of pPLK4 midzone/cleavage furrow and midbody positions pPLK4 to play a functional role in cytokinesis. Indeed, we found that inhibition of PLK4 kinase activity with a small-molecule inhibitor, CFI-400945, prevents translocation to the spindle midzone/cleavage furrow and prevents cellular abscission, leading to the generation of cells with polyploidy, increased numbers of duplicated centrosomes, and vulnerability to anaphase or mitotic catastrophe. The regulatory role of PLK4 in cytokinesis makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention in appropriately selected cancers.
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20
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Brough R, Gulati A, Haider S, Kumar R, Campbell J, Knudsen E, Pettitt SJ, Ryan CJ, Lord CJ. Identification of highly penetrant Rb-related synthetic lethal interactions in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:5701-5718. [PMID: 29915391 PMCID: PMC6202330 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although defects in the RB1 tumour suppressor are one of the more common driver alterations found in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), therapeutic approaches that exploit this have not been identified. By integrating molecular profiling data with data from multiple genetic perturbation screens, we identified candidate synthetic lethal (SL) interactions associated with RB1 defects in TNBC. We refined this analysis by identifying the highly penetrant effects, reasoning that these would be more robust in the face of molecular heterogeneity and would represent more promising therapeutic targets. A significant proportion of the highly penetrant RB1 SL effects involved proteins closely associated with RB1 function, suggesting that this might be a defining characteristic. These included nuclear pore complex components associated with the MAD2 spindle checkpoint protein, the kinase and bromodomain containing transcription factor TAF1, and multiple components of the SCFSKP Cullin F box containing complex. Small-molecule inhibition of SCFSKP elicited an increase in p27Kip levels, providing a mechanistic rationale for RB1 SL. Transcript expression of SKP2, a SCFSKP component, was elevated in RB1-defective TNBCs, suggesting that in these tumours, SKP2 activity might buffer the effects of RB1 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Brough
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rahul Kumar
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - James Campbell
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Erik Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Colm J Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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21
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Woodward H, Innocenti P, Cheung KMJ, Hayes A, Roberts J, Henley AT, Faisal A, Mak GWY, Box G, Westwood IM, Cronin N, Carter M, Valenti M, De Haven Brandon A, O’Fee L, Saville H, Schmitt J, Burke R, Broccatelli F, van Montfort RLM, Raynaud FI, Eccles SA, Linardopoulos S, Blagg J, Hoelder S. Introduction of a Methyl Group Curbs Metabolism of Pyrido[3,4- d]pyrimidine Monopolar Spindle 1 (MPS1) Inhibitors and Enables the Discovery of the Phase 1 Clinical Candidate N 2-(2-Ethoxy-4-(4-methyl-4 H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phenyl)-6-methyl- N 8-neopentylpyrido[3,4- d]pyrimidine-2,8-diamine (BOS172722). J Med Chem 2018; 61:8226-8240. [PMID: 30199249 PMCID: PMC6166229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1) occupies a central role in mitosis and is one of the main components of the spindle assembly checkpoint. The MPS1 kinase is an attractive cancer target, and herein, we report the discovery of the clinical candidate BOS172722. The starting point for our work was a series of pyrido[3,4- d]pyrimidine inhibitors that demonstrated excellent potency and kinase selectivity but suffered from rapid turnover in human liver microsomes (HLM). Optimizing HLM stability proved challenging since it was not possible to identify a consistent site of metabolism and lowering lipophilicity proved unsuccessful. Key to overcoming this problem was the finding that introduction of a methyl group at the 6-position of the pyrido[3,4- d]pyrimidine core significantly improved HLM stability. Met ID studies suggested that the methyl group suppressed metabolism at the distant aniline portion of the molecule, likely by blocking the preferred pharmacophore through which P450 recognized the compound. This work ultimately led to the discovery of BOS172722 as a Phase 1 clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah
L. Woodward
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Innocenti
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Kwai-Ming J. Cheung
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie Roberts
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Alan T. Henley
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Amir Faisal
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Wing-Yan Mak
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac M. Westwood
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- Division
of Structural Biology, The Institute of
Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Nora Cronin
- Division
of Structural Biology, The Institute of
Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Carter
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Valenti
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Alexis De Haven Brandon
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa O’Fee
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Saville
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Schmitt
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Broccatelli
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Rob L. M. van Montfort
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- Division
of Structural Biology, The Institute of
Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Florence I. Raynaud
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- The
Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer
Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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22
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Thu KL, Soria-Bretones I, Mak TW, Cescon DW. Targeting the cell cycle in breast cancer: towards the next phase. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1871-1885. [PMID: 30078354 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1502567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer that enables limitless cell division. To support this malignant phenotype, cells acquire molecular alterations that abrogate or bypass control mechanisms in signaling pathways and cellular checkpoints that normally function to prevent genomic instability and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Consequently, therapeutic targeting of the cell cycle has long been viewed as a promising anti-cancer strategy. Until recently, attempts to target the cell cycle for cancer therapy using selective inhibitors have proven unsuccessful due to intolerable toxicities and a lack of target specificity. However, improvements in our understanding of malignant cell-specific vulnerabilities has revealed a therapeutic window for preferential targeting of the cell cycle in cancer cells, and has led to the development of agents now in the clinic. In this review, we discuss the latest generation of cell cycle targeting anti-cancer agents for breast cancer, including approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, and investigational TTK and PLK4 inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials. In recognition of the emerging population of ER+ breast cancers with acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors we suggest new therapeutic avenues to treat these patients. We also offer our perspective on the direction of future research to address the problem of drug resistance, and discuss the mechanistic insights required for the successful implementation of these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Thu
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - I Soria-Bretones
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - T W Mak
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.,b Department of Medical Biophysics , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - D W Cescon
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
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23
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Therapeutic predictors of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy response in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer with reference to optimal gene expression profiling. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:353-362. [PMID: 30151737 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAET) for estrogen receptor-positive primary breast cancer causes adequate tumor shrinkage, and is expected to be helpful for breast-conserving surgery, but the adaptation criteria, especially in regard to treatment duration, have never been elucidated. Re-visiting past gene expression profiles, we explored the data for specialized pre-therapeutic predictors and validated the results using our in-house clinical cohorts. METHODS We sorted the genes related to a > 30% tumor volume reduction through NAET from a cDNA microarray data-set of GSE20181, then selected the top 40 genes. We validated these gene expression levels using pre-therapeutic biopsy samples obtained from patients treated with long-term NAET (over 4 months; N = 40). A short-term (2-8 weeks; N = 37) NAET cohort was also validated to clarify whether expression of these genes is also related to a rapid response of Ki67 and PEPI score. RESULTS In the long-term group, higher expression of KRAS, CUL2, FAM13A, ADCK2, and LILRA2 was significantly associated with tumor shrinkage, and KRAS, MMS19, and IVD were related to lower PEPI score (≤ 3). Meanwhile in the short-term group, none of these genes except CUL2 showed a direct correlation with Ki67 reduction or PEPI score. This suggested that tumor shrinkage by NAET might be induced by response to the hypoxic environment (CUL2, FAM13A, KRAS) and activation of tumor immune system (LILRA2), without involving inhibition of proliferation. CONCLUSION Expression of specific genes may allow selection of the most responsive patients for maximum tumor shrinkage with NAET.
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24
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Vinci M, Burford A, Molinari V, Kessler K, Popov S, Clarke M, Taylor KR, Pemberton HN, Lord CJ, Gutteridge A, Forshew T, Carvalho D, Marshall LV, Qin EY, Ingram WJ, Moore AS, Ng HK, Trabelsi S, H'mida-Ben Brahim D, Entz-Werle N, Zacharoulis S, Vaidya S, Mandeville HC, Bridges LR, Martin AJ, Al-Sarraj S, Chandler C, Sunol M, Mora J, de Torres C, Cruz O, Carcaboso AM, Monje M, Mackay A, Jones C. Functional diversity and cooperativity between subclonal populations of pediatric glioblastoma and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cells. Nat Med 2018; 24:1204-1215. [PMID: 29967352 PMCID: PMC6086334 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The failure to develop effective therapies for pediatric glioblastoma (pGBM) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is in part due to their intrinsic heterogeneity. We aimed to quantitatively assess the extent to which this was present in these tumors through subclonal genomic analyses and to determine whether distinct tumor subpopulations may interact to promote tumorigenesis by generating subclonal patient-derived models in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of 142 sequenced tumors revealed multiple tumor subclones, spatially and temporally coexisting in a stable manner as observed by multiple sampling strategies. We isolated genotypically and phenotypically distinct subpopulations that we propose cooperate to enhance tumorigenicity and resistance to therapy. Inactivating mutations in the H4K20 histone methyltransferase KMT5B (SUV420H1), present in <1% of cells, abrogate DNA repair and confer increased invasion and migration on neighboring cells, in vitro and in vivo, through chemokine signaling and modulation of integrins. These data indicate that even rare tumor subpopulations may exert profound effects on tumorigenesis as a whole and may represent a new avenue for therapeutic development. Unraveling the mechanisms of subclonal diversity and communication in pGBM and DIPG will be an important step toward overcoming barriers to effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Vinci
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Burford
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Valeria Molinari
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ketty Kessler
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sergey Popov
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew Clarke
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kathryn R Taylor
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helen N Pemberton
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Lord
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Tim Forshew
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Carvalho
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lynley V Marshall
- Paediatric Oncology Drug Development Team, Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | | | - Wendy J Ingram
- UQ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Oncology Services Group, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew S Moore
- UQ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Oncology Services Group, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Saoussen Trabelsi
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Dorra H'mida-Ben Brahim
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Natacha Entz-Werle
- Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stergios Zacharoulis
- Paediatric Oncology Drug Development Team, Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sucheta Vaidya
- Paediatric Oncology Drug Development Team, Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | | | - Leslie R Bridges
- Department of Cellular Pathology, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Neuropathology, Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Jaume Mora
- Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alan Mackay
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Chris Jones
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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25
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Zhu D, Xu S, Deyanat-Yazdi G, Peng SX, Barnes LA, Narla RK, Tran T, Mikolon D, Ning Y, Shi T, Jiang N, Raymon HK, Riggs JR, Boylan JF. Synthetic Lethal Strategy Identifies a Potent and Selective TTK and CLK1/2 Inhibitor for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with a Compromised G 1-S Checkpoint. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1727-1738. [PMID: 29866747 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Historically, phenotypic-based drug discovery has yielded a high percentage of novel drugs while uncovering new tumor biology. CC-671 was discovered using a phenotypic screen for compounds that preferentially induced apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines while sparing luminal breast cancer cell lines. Detailed in vitro kinase profiling shows CC-671 potently and selectively inhibits two kinases-TTK and CLK2. Cellular mechanism of action studies demonstrate that CC-671 potently inhibits the phosphorylation of KNL1 and SRp75, direct TTK and CLK2 substrates, respectively. Furthermore, CC-671 causes mitotic acceleration and modification of pre-mRNA splicing leading to apoptosis, consistent with cellular TTK and CLK inhibition. Correlative analysis of genomic and potency data against a large panel of breast cancer cell lines identifies breast cancer cells with a dysfunctional G1-S checkpoint as more sensitive to CC-671, suggesting synthetic lethality between G1-S checkpoint and TTK/CLK2 inhibition. Furthermore, significant in vivo CC-671 efficacy was demonstrated in two cell line-derived and one patient tumor-derived xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) following weekly dosing. These findings are the first to demonstrate the unique inhibitory combination activity of a dual TTK/CLK2 inhibitor that preferably kills TNBC cells and shows synthetic lethality with a compromised G1-S checkpoint in breast cancer cell lines. On the basis of these data, CC-671 was moved forward for clinical development as a potent and selective TTK/CLK2 inhibitor in a subset of patients with TNBC. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1727-38. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California.
| | - Shuichan Xu
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | | | - Sophie X Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Leo A Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | | | - Tam Tran
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - David Mikolon
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Yuhong Ning
- Informatics and Knowledge Utilization Department, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Tao Shi
- Informatics and Knowledge Utilization Department, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Heather K Raymon
- Department of Pharmacology, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Jennifer R Riggs
- Department of Chemistry, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - John F Boylan
- Department of Oncology Research, Celgene Corporation, San Diego, California
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26
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Bajrami I, Marlow R, van de Ven M, Brough R, Pemberton HN, Frankum J, Song F, Rafiq R, Konde A, Krastev DB, Menon M, Campbell J, Gulati A, Kumar R, Pettitt SJ, Gurden MD, Cardenosa ML, Chong I, Gazinska P, Wallberg F, Sawyer EJ, Martin LA, Dowsett M, Linardopoulos S, Natrajan R, Ryan CJ, Derksen PWB, Jonkers J, Tutt ANJ, Ashworth A, Lord CJ. E-Cadherin/ROS1 Inhibitor Synthetic Lethality in Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:498-515. [PMID: 29610289 PMCID: PMC6296442 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell adhesion glycoprotein E-cadherin (CDH1) is commonly inactivated in breast tumors. Precision medicine approaches that exploit this characteristic are not available. Using perturbation screens in breast tumor cells with CRISPR/Cas9-engineered CDH1 mutations, we identified synthetic lethality between E-cadherin deficiency and inhibition of the tyrosine kinase ROS1. Data from large-scale genetic screens in molecularly diverse breast tumor cell lines established that the E-cadherin/ROS1 synthetic lethality was not only robust in the face of considerable molecular heterogeneity but was also elicited with clinical ROS1 inhibitors, including foretinib and crizotinib. ROS1 inhibitors induced mitotic abnormalities and multinucleation in E-cadherin-defective cells, phenotypes associated with a defect in cytokinesis and aberrant p120 catenin phosphorylation and localization. In vivo, ROS1 inhibitors produced profound antitumor effects in multiple models of E-cadherin-defective breast cancer. These data therefore provide the preclinical rationale for assessing ROS1 inhibitors, such as the licensed drug crizotinib, in appropriately stratified patients.Significance: E-cadherin defects are common in breast cancer but are currently not targeted with a precision medicine approach. Our preclinical data indicate that licensed ROS1 inhibitors, including crizotinib, should be repurposed to target E-cadherin-defective breast cancers, thus providing the rationale for the assessment of these agents in molecularly stratified phase II clinical trials. Cancer Discov; 8(4); 498-515. ©2018 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 371.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilirjana Bajrami
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Marlow
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marieke van de Ven
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging (MCCA) Preclinical Intervention Unit, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel Brough
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen N Pemberton
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Frankum
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Feifei Song
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rumana Rafiq
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asha Konde
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dragomir B Krastev
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malini Menon
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - James Campbell
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aditi Gulati
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Kumar
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Gurden
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Llorca Cardenosa
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Hospital Clinico Universitario Valencia, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Chong
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fredrik Wallberg
- FACS Core Facility, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley-Ann Martin
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitch Dowsett
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Natrajan
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Colm J Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew N J Tutt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- The Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Ashworth
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California.
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
- Cancer Research UK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Ma L, Liang Z, Zhou H, Qu L. Applications of RNA Indexes for Precision Oncology in Breast Cancer. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 16:108-119. [PMID: 29753129 PMCID: PMC6112337 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Precision oncology aims to offer the most appropriate treatments to cancer patients mainly based on their individual genetic information. Genomics has provided numerous valuable data on driver mutations and risk loci; however, it remains a formidable challenge to transform these data into therapeutic agents. Transcriptomics describes the multifarious expression patterns of both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which facilitates the deciphering of genomic codes. In this review, we take breast cancer as an example to demonstrate the applications of these rich RNA resources in precision medicine exploration. These include the use of mRNA profiles in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtyping to inform corresponding candidate targeted therapies; current advancements and achievements of high-throughput RNA interference (RNAi) screening technologies in breast cancer; and microRNAs as functional signatures for defining cell identities and regulating the biological activities of breast cancer cells. We summarize the benefits of transcriptomic analyses in breast cancer management and propose that unscrambling the core signaling networks of cancer may be an important task of multiple-omic data integration for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zirui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lianghu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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28
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Tang YC, Ho SC, Tan E, Ng AWT, McPherson JR, Goh GYL, Teh BT, Bard F, Rozen SG. Functional genomics identifies specific vulnerabilities in PTEN-deficient breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:22. [PMID: 29566768 PMCID: PMC5863852 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressors in breast cancer. While PTEN itself is not considered a druggable target, PTEN synthetic-sick or synthetic-lethal (PTEN-SSL) genes are potential drug targets in PTEN-deficient breast cancers. Therefore, with the aim of identifying potential targets for precision breast cancer therapy, we sought to discover PTEN-SSL genes present in a broad spectrum of breast cancers. Methods To discover broad-spectrum PTEN-SSL genes in breast cancer, we used a multi-step approach that started with (1) a genome-wide short interfering RNA (siRNA) screen of ~ 21,000 genes in a pair of isogenic human mammary epithelial cell lines, followed by (2) a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screen of ~ 1200 genes focused on hits from the first screen in a panel of 11 breast cancer cell lines; we then determined reproducibility of hits by (3) identification of overlaps between our results and reanalyzed data from 3 independent gene-essentiality screens, and finally, for selected candidate PTEN-SSL genes we (4) confirmed PTEN-SSL activity using either drug sensitivity experiments in a panel of 19 cell lines or mutual exclusivity analysis of publicly available pan-cancer somatic mutation data. Results The screens (steps 1 and 2) and the reproducibility analysis (step 3) identified six candidate broad-spectrum PTEN-SSL genes (PIK3CB, ADAMTS20, AP1M2, HMMR, STK11, and NUAK1). PIK3CB was previously identified as PTEN-SSL, while the other five genes represent novel PTEN-SSL candidates. Confirmation studies (step 4) provided additional evidence that NUAK1 and STK11 have PTEN-SSL patterns of activity. Consistent with PTEN-SSL status, inhibition of the NUAK1 protein kinase by the small molecule drug HTH-01-015 selectively impaired viability in multiple PTEN-deficient breast cancer cell lines, while mutations affecting STK11 and PTEN were largely mutually exclusive across large pan-cancer data sets. Conclusions Six genes showed PTEN-SSL patterns of activity in a large proportion of PTEN-deficient breast cancer cell lines and are potential specific vulnerabilities in PTEN-deficient breast cancer. Furthermore, the NUAK1 PTEN-SSL vulnerability identified by RNA interference techniques can be recapitulated and exploited using the small molecule kinase inhibitor HTH-01-015. Thus, NUAK1 inhibition may be an effective strategy for precision treatment of PTEN-deficient breast tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0949-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yew Chung Tang
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Szu-Chi Ho
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Elisabeth Tan
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Alvin Wei Tian Ng
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - John R McPherson
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Germaine Yen Lin Goh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Frederic Bard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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29
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Patel N, Weekes D, Drosopoulos K, Gazinska P, Noel E, Rashid M, Mirza H, Quist J, Brasó-Maristany F, Mathew S, Ferro R, Pereira AM, Prince C, Noor F, Francesch-Domenech E, Marlow R, de Rinaldis E, Grigoriadis A, Linardopoulos S, Marra P, Tutt ANJ. Integrated genomics and functional validation identifies malignant cell specific dependencies in triple negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1044. [PMID: 29535384 PMCID: PMC5849766 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) lack recurrent targetable driver mutations but demonstrate frequent copy number aberrations (CNAs). Here, we describe an integrative genomic and RNAi-based approach that identifies and validates gene addictions in TNBCs. CNAs and gene expression alterations are integrated and genes scored for pre-specified target features revealing 130 candidate genes. We test functional dependence on each of these genes using RNAi in breast cancer and non-malignant cells, validating malignant cell selective dependence upon 37 of 130 genes. Further analysis reveals a cluster of 13 TNBC addiction genes frequently co-upregulated that includes genes regulating cell cycle checkpoints, DNA damage response, and malignant cell selective mitotic genes. We validate the mechanism of addiction to a potential drug target: the mitotic kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1/HSET), essential for successful bipolar division of centrosome-amplified malignant cells and develop a potential selection biomarker to identify patients with tumors exhibiting centrosome amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmesh Patel
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Daniel Weekes
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Konstantinos Drosopoulos
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Elodie Noel
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Mamun Rashid
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Hasan Mirza
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Cancer Bioinformatics, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jelmar Quist
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Cancer Bioinformatics, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Fara Brasó-Maristany
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Sumi Mathew
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Riccardo Ferro
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Ana Mendes Pereira
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Cynthia Prince
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Farzana Noor
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Erika Francesch-Domenech
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Rebecca Marlow
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Emanuele de Rinaldis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Precision Immunology Cluster, Sanofi, 640 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA, 02149, USA
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Cancer Bioinformatics, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Pierfrancesco Marra
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Andrew N J Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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30
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Cuesta R, Holz MK. RSK-mediated down-regulation of PDCD4 is required for proliferation, survival, and migration in a model of triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:27567-83. [PMID: 27028868 PMCID: PMC5053672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) is a family of MAPK-activated serine/threonine kinases (RSK1-4) whose expression and/or activity are deregulated in several cancers, including breast cancer. Up-regulation of RSKs promotes cellular processes that drive tumorigenesis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cells. Although RSKs regulate protein synthesis in certain cell types, the role of RSK-mediated translational control in oncogenic progression has yet to be evaluated. We demonstrate that proliferation and migration of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells, unlike ER/PR-positive MCF7 cells, rely on RSK activity. We show that RSKs regulate the activities of the translation initiation factor eIF4B and the translational repressor PDCD4 in TNBC cells with up-regulated MAPK pathway, but not in breast cancer cells with hyperactivated PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway. These results identify PDCD4 as a novel RSK substrate. We demonstrate that RSK-mediated phosphorylation of PDCD4 at S76 promotes PDCD4 degradation. Low PDCD4 levels reduce PDCD4 inhibitory effect on the translation initiation factor eIF4A, which increases translation of "eIF4A sensitive" mRNAs encoding factors involved in cell cycle progression, survival, and migration. Consequently, low levels of PDCD4 favor proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. These results support the therapeutic use of RSK inhibitors for treatment of TNBC with deregulated MAPK/RSK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Cuesta
- Department of Biology, Stern College for Women of Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Marina K Holz
- Department of Biology, Stern College for Women of Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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31
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Campbell J, Ryan CJ, Lord CJ. Identifying Genetic Dependencies in Cancer by Analyzing siRNA Screens in Tumor Cell Line Panels. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1711:83-99. [PMID: 29344886 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7493-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function screening using RNA interference or CRISPR approaches can be used to identify genes that specific tumor cell lines depend upon for survival. By integrating the results from screens in multiple cell lines with molecular profiling data, it is possible to associate the dependence upon specific genes with particular molecular features (e.g., the mutation of a cancer driver gene, or transcriptional or proteomic signature). Here, using a panel of kinome-wide siRNA screens in osteosarcoma cell lines as an example, we describe a computational protocol for analyzing loss-of-function screens to identify genetic dependencies associated with particular molecular features. We describe the steps required to process the siRNA screen data, integrate the results with genotypic information to identify genetic dependencies, and finally the integration of protein-protein interaction data to interpret these dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Campbell
- CRUK-Centre Core Bioinformatics Facility, Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Colm J Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre and CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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32
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Reidenbach AG, Kemmerer ZA, Aydin D, Jochem A, McDevitt MT, Hutchins PD, Stark JL, Stefely JA, Reddy T, Hebert AS, Wilkerson EM, Johnson IE, Bingman CA, Markley JL, Coon JJ, Dal Peraro M, Pagliarini DJ. Conserved Lipid and Small-Molecule Modulation of COQ8 Reveals Regulation of the Ancient Kinase-like UbiB Family. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:154-165.e11. [PMID: 29198567 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human COQ8A (ADCK3) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Coq8p (collectively COQ8) are UbiB family proteins essential for mitochondrial coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis. However, the biochemical activity of COQ8 and its direct role in CoQ production remain unclear, in part due to lack of known endogenous regulators of COQ8 function and of effective small molecules for probing its activity in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that COQ8 possesses evolutionarily conserved ATPase activity that is activated by binding to membranes containing cardiolipin and by phenolic compounds that resemble CoQ pathway intermediates. We further create an analog-sensitive version of Coq8p and reveal that acute chemical inhibition of its endogenous activity in yeast is sufficient to cause respiratory deficiency concomitant with CoQ depletion. Collectively, this work defines lipid and small-molecule modulators of an ancient family of atypical kinase-like proteins and establishes a chemical genetic system for further exploring the mechanistic role of COQ8 in CoQ biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Reidenbach
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Deniz Aydin
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam Jochem
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Molly T McDevitt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul D Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jaime L Stark
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan A Stefely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thiru Reddy
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | | | - Emily M Wilkerson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Isabel E Johnson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - John L Markley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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33
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Segatto I, Massarut S, Boyle R, Baldassarre G, Walker D, Belletti B. Preclinical validation of a novel compound targeting p70S6 kinase in breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:958-76. [PMID: 27155197 PMCID: PMC4931847 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast cancer is a frequent and treatable disease. However, when recurrent, breast cancer often becomes refractory to therapy and progresses into metastatic forms that are typically incurable. Thus, understanding and targeting the critical pathways underlying breast cancer recurrence is urgently needed to eradicate primary disease and achieve better prognosis. Recently, we have demonstrated that the ribosomal protein p70S6K is activated in residual breast cancer cells as a result of post-surgical inflammation and that interfering with its activity in the peri-operative setting strongly suppresses recurrence in a mouse model. In order to develop clinically-exploitable treatments targeting p70S6K, we have tested a newly generated compound, called FS-115. FS-115 potently inhibited p70S6K1 (IC50 35nM) with high selectivity over other AGC kinases or PI3K pathway kinases. In vitro, treatment with FS-115 efficiently blocked p70S6K activity in breast cancer cell lines and impaired colony formation and anchorage independent growth. Pharmacokinetic profiling showed that FS-115 exhibited high oral bioavailability, optimal plasma distribution and high brain penetrance. In nude mice, FS-115 strongly suppressed tumor take-rate and primary tumor growth. Oral dosing with FS-115 in a peri-operative schedule was effective in decreasing local recurrence of breast cancer and a long-term treatment schedule was well tolerated and efficiently suppressed distant metastasis formation. Altogether, we propose that FS-115 might be a good candidate for the treatment of breast cancer patients at high risk to relapse. SUMMARY STATEMENT Our results confirm that inhibition of p70S6K represents a valuable opportunity for restraining loco-regional relapse and metastasis in breast cancer and identify in FS-115 a promising candidate-inhibitor to move from preclinical to clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Segatto
- Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Samuele Massarut
- Breast Surgery Unit, CRO, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Robert Boyle
- Sentinel Oncology Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - David Walker
- Sentinel Oncology Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
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Picco G, Petti C, Centonze A, Torchiaro E, Crisafulli G, Novara L, Acquaviva A, Bardelli A, Medico E. Loss of AXIN1 drives acquired resistance to WNT pathway blockade in colorectal cancer cells carrying RSPO3 fusions. EMBO Mol Med 2017; 9:293-303. [PMID: 28100566 PMCID: PMC5331210 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201606773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), WNT pathway activation by genetic rearrangements of RSPO3 is emerging as a promising target. However, its low prevalence severely limits availability of preclinical models for in-depth characterization. Using a pipeline designed to suppress stroma-derived signal, we find that RSPO3 "outlier" expression in CRC samples highlights translocation and fusion transcript expression. Outlier search in 151 CRC cell lines identified VACO6 and SNU1411 cells as carriers of, respectively, a canonical PTPRK(e1)-RSPO3(e2) fusion and a novel PTPRK(e13)-RSPO3(e2) fusion. Both lines displayed marked in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to WNT blockade by the porcupine inhibitor LGK974, associated with transcriptional and morphological evidence of WNT pathway suppression. Long-term treatment of VACO6 cells with LGK974 led to the emergence of a resistant population carrying two frameshift deletions of the WNT pathway inhibitor AXIN1, with consequent protein loss. Suppression of AXIN1 in parental VACO6 cells by RNA interference conferred marked resistance to LGK974. These results provide the first mechanism of secondary resistance to WNT pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Picco
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Consalvo Petti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Centonze
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Erica Torchiaro
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi - Consorzio Interuniversitario, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Luca Novara
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Acquaviva
- Department of Computer and Control Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Bardelli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Medico
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy .,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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35
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Zaman GJR, de Roos JADM, Libouban MAA, Prinsen MBW, de Man J, Buijsman RC, Uitdehaag JCM. TTK Inhibitors as a Targeted Therapy for CTNNB1 ( β-catenin) Mutant Cancers. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2609-2617. [PMID: 28751540 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The spindle assembly checkpoint kinase TTK (Mps1) is a key regulator of chromosome segregation and is the subject of novel targeted therapy approaches by small-molecule inhibitors. Although the first TTK inhibitors have entered phase I dose escalating studies in combination with taxane chemotherapy, a patient stratification strategy is still missing. With the aim to identify a genomic biomarker to predict the response of tumor cells to TTK inhibitor therapy, we profiled a set of preclinical and clinical TTK inhibitors from different chemical series on a panel of 66 genetically characterized cell lines derived from different tumors (Oncolines). Cell lines harboring activating mutations in the CTNNB1 gene, encoding the Wnt pathway signaling regulator β-catenin, were on average up to five times more sensitive to TTK inhibitors than cell lines wild-type for CTNNB1 The association of CTNNB1-mutant status and increased cancer cell line sensitivity to TTK inhibition was confirmed with isogenic cell line pairs harboring either mutant or wild-type CTNNB1 Treatment of a xenograft model of a CTNNB1-mutant cell line with the TTK inhibitor NTRC 0066-0 resulted in complete inhibition of tumor growth. Mutations in CTNNB1 occur at relatively high frequency in endometrial cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are known to express high TTK levels. We propose mutant CTNNB1 as a prognostic drug response biomarker, enabling the selection of patients most likely to respond to TTK inhibitor therapy in proof-of-concept clinical trials. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(11); 2609-17. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido J R Zaman
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | - Jos de Man
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier C Buijsman
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V., Oss, the Netherlands
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36
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Bridgett S, Campbell J, Lord CJ, Ryan CJ. CancerGD: A Resource for Identifying and Interpreting Genetic Dependencies in Cancer. Cell Syst 2017; 5:82-86.e3. [PMID: 28711281 PMCID: PMC5531859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Genes whose function is selectively essential in the presence of cancer-associated genetic aberrations represent promising targets for the development of precision therapeutics. Here, we present CancerGD, a resource that integrates genotypic profiling with large-scale loss-of-function genetic screens in tumor cell lines to identify such genetic dependencies. CancerGD provides tools for searching, visualizing, and interpreting these genetic dependencies through the integration of functional interaction networks. CancerGD includes different screen types (siRNA, shRNA, CRISPR), and we describe a simple format for submitting new datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Bridgett
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James Campbell
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Colm J Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
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37
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Jaiswal A, Peddinti G, Akimov Y, Wennerberg K, Kuznetsov S, Tang J, Aittokallio T. Seed-effect modeling improves the consistency of genome-wide loss-of-function screens and identifies synthetic lethal vulnerabilities in cancer cells. Genome Med 2017; 9:51. [PMID: 28569207 PMCID: PMC5452371 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-017-0440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide loss-of-function profiling is widely used for systematic identification of genetic dependencies in cancer cells; however, the poor reproducibility of RNA interference (RNAi) screens has been a major concern due to frequent off-target effects. Currently, a detailed understanding of the key factors contributing to the sub-optimal consistency is still a lacking, especially on how to improve the reliability of future RNAi screens by controlling for factors that determine their off-target propensity. METHODS We performed a systematic, quantitative analysis of the consistency between two genome-wide shRNA screens conducted on a compendium of cancer cell lines, and also compared several gene summarization methods for inferring gene essentiality from shRNA level data. We then devised novel concepts of seed essentiality and shRNA family, based on seed region sequences of shRNAs, to study in-depth the contribution of seed-mediated off-target effects to the consistency of the two screens. We further investigated two seed-sequence properties, seed pairing stability, and target abundance in terms of their capability to minimize the off-target effects in post-screening data analysis. Finally, we applied this novel methodology to identify genetic interactions and synthetic lethal partners of cancer drivers, and confirmed differential essentiality phenotypes by detailed CRISPR/Cas9 experiments. RESULTS Using the novel concepts of seed essentiality and shRNA family, we demonstrate how genome-wide loss-of-function profiling of a common set of cancer cell lines can be actually made fairly reproducible when considering seed-mediated off-target effects. Importantly, by excluding shRNAs having higher propensity for off-target effects, based on their seed-sequence properties, one can remove noise from the genome-wide shRNA datasets. As a translational application case, we demonstrate enhanced reproducibility of genetic interaction partners of common cancer drivers, as well as identify novel synthetic lethal partners of a major oncogenic driver, PIK3CA, supported by a complementary CRISPR/Cas9 experiment. CONCLUSIONS We provide practical guidelines for improved design and analysis of genome-wide loss-of-function profiling and demonstrate how this novel strategy can be applied towards improved mapping of genetic dependencies of cancer cells to aid development of targeted anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Jaiswal
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gopal Peddinti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yevhen Akimov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krister Wennerberg
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sergey Kuznetsov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jing Tang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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38
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Faisal A, Mak GWY, Gurden MD, Xavier CPR, Anderhub SJ, Innocenti P, Westwood IM, Naud S, Hayes A, Box G, Valenti MR, De Haven Brandon AK, O'Fee L, Schmitt J, Woodward HL, Burke R, vanMontfort RLM, Blagg J, Raynaud FI, Eccles SA, Hoelder S, Linardopoulos S. Characterisation of CCT271850, a selective, oral and potent MPS1 inhibitor, used to directly measure in vivo MPS1 inhibition vs therapeutic efficacy. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1166-1176. [PMID: 28334731 PMCID: PMC5418449 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main role of the cell cycle is to enable error-free DNA replication, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. One of the best characterised checkpoint pathways is the spindle assembly checkpoint, which prevents anaphase onset until the appropriate attachment and tension across kinetochores is achieved. MPS1 kinase activity is essential for the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint and has been shown to be deregulated in human tumours with chromosomal instability and aneuploidy. Therefore, MPS1 inhibition represents an attractive strategy to target cancers. METHODS To evaluate CCT271850 cellular potency, two specific antibodies that recognise the activation sites of MPS1 were used and its antiproliferative activity was determined in 91 human cancer cell lines. DLD1 cells with induced GFP-MPS1 and HCT116 cells were used in in vivo studies to directly measure MPS1 inhibition and efficacy of CCT271850 treatment. RESULTS CCT271850 selectively and potently inhibits MPS1 kinase activity in biochemical and cellular assays and in in vivo models. Mechanistically, tumour cells treated with CCT271850 acquire aberrant numbers of chromosomes and the majority of cells divide their chromosomes without proper alignment because of abrogation of the mitotic checkpoint, leading to cell death. We demonstrated a moderate level of efficacy of CCT271850 as a single agent in a human colorectal carcinoma xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS CCT271850 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable MPS1 kinase inhibitor. On the basis of in vivo pharmacodynamic vs efficacy relationships, we predict that more than 80% inhibition of MPS1 activity for at least 24 h is required to achieve tumour stasis or regression by CCT271850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Faisal
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Grace W Y Mak
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Mark D Gurden
- Breast Cancer Now, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Cristina P R Xavier
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Simon J Anderhub
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Paolo Innocenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Isaac M Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Sébastien Naud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Melanie R Valenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alexis K De Haven Brandon
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lisa O'Fee
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jessica Schmitt
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Hannah L Woodward
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Rob L M vanMontfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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39
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Sugimoto Y, Sawant DB, Fisk HA, Mao L, Li C, Chettiar S, Li PK, Darby MV, Brueggemeier RW. Novel pyrrolopyrimidines as Mps1/TTK kinase inhibitors for breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2156-2166. [PMID: 28259529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
New targeted therapy approaches for certain subtypes of breast cancer, such as triple-negative breast cancers and other aggressive phenotypes, are desired. High levels of the mitotic checkpoint kinase Mps1/TTK have correlated with high histologic grade in breast cancer, suggesting a potential new therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancers (BC). Novel small molecules targeting Mps1 were designed by computer assisted docking analyses, and several candidate compounds were synthesized. These compounds were evaluated in anti-proliferative assays of a panel of 15 breast cancer cell lines and further examined for their ability to inhibit a variety of Mps1-dependent biological functions. The results indicate that the lead compounds have strong anti-proliferative potential through Mps1/TTK inhibition in both basal and luminal BC cell lines, exhibiting IC50 values ranging from 0.05 to 1.0μM. In addition, the lead compounds 1 and 13 inhibit Mps1 kinase enzymatic activity with IC50 values from 0.356μM to 0.809μM, and inhibited Mps1-associated cellular functions such as centrosome duplication and the spindle checkpoint in triple negative breast cancer cells. The most promising analog, compound 13, significantly decreased tumor growth in nude mice containing Cal-51 triple negative breast cancer cell xenografts. Using drug discovery technologies, computational modeling, medicinal chemistry, cell culture and in vivo assays, novel small molecule Mps1/TTK inhibitors have been identified as potential targeted therapies for breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Sugimoto
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dwitiya B Sawant
- Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Arts & Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Harold A Fisk
- Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Arts & Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Liguang Mao
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Somsundaram Chettiar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Pui-Kai Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael V Darby
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert W Brueggemeier
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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40
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Liu Z, Lei Q, Wei W, Xiong L, Shi Y, Yan G, Gao C, Ye T, Wang N, Yu L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of (E)-4-(3-arylvinyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives as PLK4 inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SAR explorations identified (E)-4-(3-arylvinyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivative14ias a potential PLK4 inhibitor with significant anti-breast cancer activityin vitroandin vivo.
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41
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Morrison E, Wai P, Leonidou A, Bland P, Khalique S, Farnie G, Daley F, Peck B, Natrajan R. Utilizing Functional Genomics Screening to Identify Potentially Novel Drug Targets in Cancer Cell Spheroid Cultures. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 28060271 PMCID: PMC5226468 DOI: 10.3791/54738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of functional driver events in cancer is central to furthering our understanding of cancer biology and indispensable for the discovery of the next generation of novel drug targets. It is becoming apparent that more complex models of cancer are required to fully appreciate the contributing factors that drive tumorigenesis in vivo and increase the efficacy of novel therapies that make the transition from pre-clinical models to clinical trials. Here we present a methodology for generating uniform and reproducible tumor spheroids that can be subjected to siRNA functional screening. These spheroids display many characteristics that are found in solid tumors that are not present in traditional two-dimension culture. We show that several commonly used breast cancer cell lines are amenable to this protocol. Furthermore, we provide proof-of-principle data utilizing the breast cancer cell line BT474, confirming their dependency on amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 and mutation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate 3-kinase (PIK3CA) when grown as tumor spheroids. Finally, we are able to further investigate and confirm the spatial impact of these dependencies using immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Morrison
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | - Patty Wai
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | - Andri Leonidou
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | - Philip Bland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | - Saira Khalique
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | | | - Frances Daley
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research
| | - Barrie Peck
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research;
| | - Rachael Natrajan
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research; Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research;
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42
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Williamson CT, Miller R, Pemberton HN, Jones SE, Campbell J, Konde A, Badham N, Rafiq R, Brough R, Gulati A, Ryan CJ, Francis J, Vermulen PB, Reynolds AR, Reaper PM, Pollard JR, Ashworth A, Lord CJ. ATR inhibitors as a synthetic lethal therapy for tumours deficient in ARID1A. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13837. [PMID: 27958275 PMCID: PMC5159945 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying genetic biomarkers of synthetic lethal drug sensitivity effects provides one approach to the development of targeted cancer therapies. Mutations in ARID1A represent one of the most common molecular alterations in human cancer, but therapeutic approaches that target these defects are not yet clinically available. We demonstrate that defects in ARID1A sensitize tumour cells to clinical inhibitors of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase, ATR, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ARID1A deficiency results in topoisomerase 2A and cell cycle defects, which cause an increased reliance on ATR checkpoint activity. In ARID1A mutant tumour cells, inhibition of ATR triggers premature mitotic entry, genomic instability and apoptosis. The data presented here provide the pre-clinical and mechanistic rationale for assessing ARID1A defects as a biomarker of single-agent ATR inhibitor response and represents a novel synthetic lethal approach to targeting tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T. Williamson
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rowan Miller
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Helen N. Pemberton
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Samuel E. Jones
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - James Campbell
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Asha Konde
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Nicholas Badham
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rumana Rafiq
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rachel Brough
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Colm J. Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin
4, Ireland
| | - Jeff Francis
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Peter B. Vermulen
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium and Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Oosterveldlaan 24, Wilrijk Antwerp
2610, Belgium
| | - Andrew R. Reynolds
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Philip M. Reaper
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Limited, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire
OX14 4RY, UK
| | - John R. Pollard
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Europe) Limited, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire
OX14 4RY, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Christopher J. Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
SW3 6JB, UK
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43
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Jemaà M, Manic G, Lledo G, Lissa D, Reynes C, Morin N, Chibon F, Sistigu A, Castedo M, Vitale I, Kroemer G, Abrieu A. Whole-genome duplication increases tumor cell sensitivity to MPS1 inhibition. Oncotarget 2016; 7:885-901. [PMID: 26637805 PMCID: PMC4808040 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence indicate that whole-genome duplication resulting in tetraploidy facilitates carcinogenesis by providing an intermediate and metastable state more prone to generate oncogenic aneuploidy. Here, we report a novel strategy to preferentially kill tetraploid cells based on the abrogation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) via the targeting of TTK protein kinase (better known as monopolar spindle 1, MPS1). The pharmacological inhibition as well as the knockdown of MPS1 kills more efficiently tetraploid cells than their diploid counterparts. By using time-lapse videomicroscopy, we show that tetraploid cells do not survive the aborted mitosis due to SAC abrogation upon MPS1 depletion. On the contrary diploid cells are able to survive up to at least two more cell cycles upon the same treatment. This effect might reflect the enhanced difficulty of cells with whole-genome doubling to tolerate a further increase in ploidy and/or an elevated level of chromosome instability in the absence of SAC functions. We further show that MPS1-inhibited tetraploid cells promote mitotic catastrophe executed by the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, as indicated by the loss of mitochondrial potential, the release of the pro-apoptotic cytochrome c from mitochondria, and the activation of caspases. Altogether, our results suggest that MPS1 inhibition could be used as a therapeutic strategy for targeting tetraploid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jemaà
- CRBM, CNRS UMR5237, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Gwendaline Lledo
- CRBM, CNRS UMR5237, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Lissa
- Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM, UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 Labelisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Christelle Reynes
- EA 2415, Laboratoire de Biostatistique, d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche Clinique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Morin
- CRBM, CNRS UMR5237, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Chibon
- Department of Biopathology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U916, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Maria Castedo
- Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM, UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 Labelisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Ilio Vitale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 Labelisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Ariane Abrieu
- CRBM, CNRS UMR5237, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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44
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Nagel R, Semenova EA, Berns A. Drugging the addict: non-oncogene addiction as a target for cancer therapy. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:1516-1531. [PMID: 27702988 PMCID: PMC5090709 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, cancers have been treated with chemotherapeutics aimed to have profound effects on tumor cells with only limited effects on normal tissue. This approach was followed by the development of small‐molecule inhibitors that can target oncogenic pathways critical for the survival of tumor cells. The clinical targeting of these so‐called oncogene addictions, however, is in many instances hampered by the outgrowth of resistant clones. More recently, the proper functioning of non‐mutated genes has been shown to enhance the survival of many cancers, a phenomenon called non‐oncogene addiction. In the current review, we will focus on the distinct non‐oncogenic addictions found in cancer cells, including synthetic lethal interactions, the underlying stress phenotypes, and arising therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco Nagel
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina A Semenova
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Berns
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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45
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Stefely JA, Licitra F, Laredj L, Reidenbach AG, Kemmerer ZA, Grangeray A, Jaeg-Ehret T, Minogue CE, Ulbrich A, Hutchins PD, Wilkerson EM, Ruan Z, Aydin D, Hebert AS, Guo X, Freiberger EC, Reutenauer L, Jochem A, Chergova M, Johnson IE, Lohman DC, Rush MJP, Kwiecien NW, Singh PK, Schlagowski AI, Floyd BJ, Forsman U, Sindelar PJ, Westphall MS, Pierrel F, Zoll J, Dal Peraro M, Kannan N, Bingman CA, Coon JJ, Isope P, Puccio H, Pagliarini DJ. Cerebellar Ataxia and Coenzyme Q Deficiency through Loss of Unorthodox Kinase Activity. Mol Cell 2016; 63:608-620. [PMID: 27499294 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The UbiB protein kinase-like (PKL) family is widespread, comprising one-quarter of microbial PKLs and five human homologs, yet its biochemical activities remain obscure. COQ8A (ADCK3) is a mammalian UbiB protein associated with ubiquinone (CoQ) biosynthesis and an ataxia (ARCA2) through unclear means. We show that mice lacking COQ8A develop a slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia linked to Purkinje cell dysfunction and mild exercise intolerance, recapitulating ARCA2. Interspecies biochemical analyses show that COQ8A and yeast Coq8p specifically stabilize a CoQ biosynthesis complex through unorthodox PKL functions. Although COQ8 was predicted to be a protein kinase, we demonstrate that it lacks canonical protein kinase activity in trans. Instead, COQ8 has ATPase activity and interacts with lipid CoQ intermediates, functions that are likely conserved across all domains of life. Collectively, our results lend insight into the molecular activities of the ancient UbiB family and elucidate the biochemical underpinnings of a human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Stefely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Floriana Licitra
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Leila Laredj
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrew G Reidenbach
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zachary A Kemmerer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Anais Grangeray
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tiphaine Jaeg-Ehret
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Catherine E Minogue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Arne Ulbrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul D Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Emily M Wilkerson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Deniz Aydin
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander S Hebert
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xiao Guo
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elyse C Freiberger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Laurence Reutenauer
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Adam Jochem
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Maya Chergova
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Isabel E Johnson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Danielle C Lohman
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew J P Rush
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nicholas W Kwiecien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Anna I Schlagowski
- Fédération de Medicine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072, Faculté de Médicine et Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Brendan J Floyd
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ulrika Forsman
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Pavel J Sindelar
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France; Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, CNRS UMR 8229, Collège de France, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Michael S Westphall
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Fabien Pierrel
- University Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, UMR 5249, 38000 Grenoble, France; TIMC-IMAG, CNRS UMR 5525, UFR de Médecine, University Joseph Fourier, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Fédération de Medicine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072, Faculté de Médicine et Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Philippe Isope
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Puccio
- Département de Médecine Translationnelle et Neurogénétique, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U596, CNRS UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; Chaire de Génétique Humaine, Collège de France, 67404 Illkirch, France.
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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46
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Czaplinska D, Mieczkowski K, Supernat A, Skladanowski AC, Kordek R, Biernat W, Zaczek AJ, Romanska HM, Sadej R. Interactions between FGFR2 and RSK2-implications for breast cancer prognosis. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13721-13731. [PMID: 27476168 PMCID: PMC5097089 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) activates ribosomal s6 kinase 2 (RSK2) in mammary epithelial cells and that this pathway promotes in vitro cell growth and migration. Potential clinical significance of FGFR2 and RSK2 association has never been investigated. Herein, we have undertaken an evaluation of a possible relationship between FGFR2/RSK2 interdependence and disease outcome in breast cancer (BCa) patients. The clinical analysis was complemented by an in vitro investigation of an involvement of RSK2 in the regulation of FGFR2 function. Primary tumour samples from 152 stage I–III BCa patients were examined for FGFR2 and RSK2 gene and protein expression. FGFR2 showed a positive correlation with RSK2 at both protein (p = 0.003) and messenger RNA (mRNA) (p = 0.001) levels. Lack of both FGFR2 and activated RSK (RSK-P) significantly correlated with better disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.01). Patients with tumours displaying immunoreactivity for either or both FGFR2 and RSK-P had 4.89-fold higher risk of recurrence when compared to the FGFR2/RSK-P-negative subgroup. FGFR2-RSK2 interactions were verified by co-immunoprecipitation and internalization assays in HB2 mammary epithelial cell line (characterized by high endogenous FGFR2 and RSK2 expression). In vitro analyses revealed that FGFR2 and RSK2 formed an indirect complex and that activated RSK exerted a significant impact on fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-triggered internalization of FGFR2. Our results suggest that the FGFR2-RSK2 signalling pathway is involved in pathophysiology of BCa and evaluation of FGFR2/RSK-P expression may be useful in disease prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Czaplinska
- Department of Cell Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kamil Mieczkowski
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Supernat
- Department of Cell Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej C Skladanowski
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Radzislaw Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna J Zaczek
- Department of Cell Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Hanna M Romanska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Łódź, 92-213, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland.
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47
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Protein kinase C-related kinase 1 and 2 play an essential role in thromboxane-mediated neoplastic responses in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26437-56. [PMID: 26296974 PMCID: PMC4694913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostanoid thromboxane (TX) A2 is increasingly implicated in neoplastic progression, including prostate cancer (PCa). Mechanistically, we recently identified protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) 1 as a functional interactant of both the TPα and TPβ isoforms of the human T prostanoid receptor (TP). The interaction with PRK1 was not only essential for TPα/TPβ-induced PCa cell migration but also enabled the TXA2-TP axis to induce phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr11 (H3Thr11), an epigenetic marker both essential for and previously exclusively associated with androgen-induced chromatin remodelling and transcriptional activation. PRK1 is a member of a subfamily of three structurally related kinases comprising PRK1/PKNα, PRK2/PKNγ and PRK3/PKNβ that are widely yet differentially implicated in various cancers. Hence, focusing on the setting of prostate cancer, this study investigated whether TPα and/or TPβ might also complex with PRK2 and PRK3 to regulate their activity and neoplastic responses. While TPα and TPβ were found in immune complexes with PRK1, PRK2 and PRK3 to regulate their activation and signalling, they do so differentially and in a TP agonist-regulated manner dependent on the T-loop activation status of the PRKs but independent of their kinase activity. Furthermore, TXA2-mediated neoplastic responses in prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cells, including histone H3Thr11 phosphorylation, was found to occur through a PRK1- and PRK2-, but not PRK3-, dependent mechanism. Collectively, these data suggest that TXA2 acts as both a neoplastic and epigenetic regulator and provides a mechanistic explanation, at least in part, for the prophylactic benefits of Aspirin in reducing the risk of certain cancers.
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48
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Davies AH, Reipas K, Hu K, Berns R, Firmino N, Stratford AL, Dunn SE. Inhibition of RSK with the novel small-molecule inhibitor LJI308 overcomes chemoresistance by eliminating cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20570-7. [PMID: 26011941 PMCID: PMC4653026 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is enriched in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and clinically correlated with the highest rate of recurrence. Several studies implicate the RSK pathway as being pivotal for the growth and proliferation of CSCs, which are postulated to drive tumor relapse. We now address the potential for the newly developed RSK inhibitor LJI308 to target the CSC population and repress TNBC growth and dissemination. Overexpression of the Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) oncogene in human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) drove TNBC tumor formation characterized by a multi-drug resistance phenotype, yet these cells were sensitive to LJI308 in addition to the classic RSK inhibitors BI-D1870 and luteolin. Notably, LJI308 specifically targeted transformed cells as it had little effect on the non-tumorigenic parental HMECs. Loss of cell growth, both in 2D and 3D culture, was attributed to LJI308-induced apoptosis. We discovered CD44+/CD49f+ TNBC cells to be less sensitive to chemotherapy compared to the isogenic CD44-/CD49f- cells. However, inhibition of RSK using LJI308, BI-D1870, or luteolin was sufficient to eradicate the CSC population. We conclude that targeting RSK using specific and potent inhibitors, such as LJI308, delivers the promise of inhibiting the growth of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair H Davies
- Department of Urological Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kristen Reipas
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kaiji Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rachel Berns
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Natalie Firmino
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anna L Stratford
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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49
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Miller RE, Brough R, Bajrami I, Williamson CT, McDade S, Campbell J, Kigozi A, Rafiq R, Pemberton H, Natrajan R, Joel J, Astley H, Mahoney C, Moore JD, Torrance C, Gordan JD, Webber JT, Levin RS, Shokat KM, Bandyopadhyay S, Lord CJ, Ashworth A. Synthetic Lethal Targeting of ARID1A-Mutant Ovarian Clear Cell Tumors with Dasatinib. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1472-84. [PMID: 27364904 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New targeted approaches to ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC) are needed, given the limited treatment options in this disease and the poor response to standard chemotherapy. Using a series of high-throughput cell-based drug screens in OCCC tumor cell models, we have identified a synthetic lethal (SL) interaction between the kinase inhibitor dasatinib and a key driver in OCCC, ARID1A mutation. Imposing ARID1A deficiency upon a variety of human or mouse cells induced dasatinib sensitivity, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this is a robust synthetic lethal interaction. The sensitivity of ARID1A-deficient cells to dasatinib was associated with G1-S cell-cycle arrest and was dependent upon both p21 and Rb. Using focused siRNA screens and kinase profiling, we showed that ARID1A-mutant OCCC tumor cells are addicted to the dasatinib target YES1. This suggests that dasatinib merits investigation for the treatment of patients with ARID1A-mutant OCCC. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1472-84. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan E Miller
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Brough
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ilirjana Bajrami
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris T Williamson
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon McDade
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - James Campbell
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asha Kigozi
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rumana Rafiq
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Pemberton
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Natrajan
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Joel
- Horizon Discovery, Waterbeach, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Astley
- Horizon Discovery, Waterbeach, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Mahoney
- Horizon Discovery, Waterbeach, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chris Torrance
- Horizon Discovery, Waterbeach, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John D Gordan
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - James T Webber
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rebecca S Levin
- Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sourav Bandyopadhyay
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Alan Ashworth
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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Defining the Prognostic and Predictive Role of PIK3CA Mutations: Sifting Through the Conflicting Data. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-016-0215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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