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Pucci F, Rickelt S, Newton AP, Garris C, Nunes E, Evavold C, Pfirschke C, Engblom C, Mino-Kenudson M, Hynes RO, Weissleder R, Pittet MJ. PF4 Promotes Platelet Production and Lung Cancer Growth. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1764-1772. [PMID: 27829148 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-option of host components by solid tumors facilitates cancer progression and can occur in both local tumor microenvironments and remote locations. At present, the signals involved in long-distance communication remain insufficiently understood. Here, we identify platelet factor 4 (PF4, CXCL4) as an endocrine factor whose overexpression in tumors correlates with decreased overall patient survival. Furthermore, engineered PF4 over-production in a Kras-driven lung adenocarcinoma genetic mouse model expanded megakaryopoiesis in bone marrow, augmented platelet accumulation in lungs, and accelerated de novo adenocarcinogenesis. Additionally, anti-platelet treatment controlled mouse lung cancer progression, further suggesting that platelets can modulate the tumor microenvironment to accelerate tumor outgrowth. These findings support PF4 as a cancer-enhancing endocrine signal that controls discrete aspects of bone marrow hematopoiesis and tumor microenvironment and that should be considered as a molecular target in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Pucci
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Steffen Rickelt
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andita P Newton
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Christopher Garris
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ernesto Nunes
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Charles Evavold
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christina Pfirschke
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Camilla Engblom
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Richard O Hynes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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A novel mode of stimulating platelet formation activity in megakaryocytes with peanut skin extract. J Nat Med 2017; 72:211-219. [PMID: 29019067 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We report in this study novel biochemical activities of peanut skin extract (PEXT) on thrombocytopoiesis. Peanut skin, derived from Arachis hypogaea L., is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat chronic hemorrhage. We have shown that oral administration of PEXT increases the peripheral platelet levels in mice. Recently, we reported a liquid culture system that is useful for investigating megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombocytopoiesis from human CD34+ cells. In this liquid culture system, PEXT was shown to enhance the formation of CD41+/DAPI- cells (platelets), but had no effect on the formation of CD41+/DAPI+ cells (megakaryocytes) or on the DNA content. Furthermore, PEXT selectively stimulated proplatelet formation from cultured mature megakaryocytes and phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA)-induced formation of platelet-like particles from Meg01 cells. Despite having no influence on the formation of megakaryocyte colony forming units (CFUs), PEXT increased the size of megakaryocytes during their development from CD34+ cells. PEXT showed no effect on the GATA-1 and NF-E2 mRNA levels, which are known to play an important role in thrombocytopoiesis and, based on the results of a pMARE-Luc (pGL3-MARE-luciferase) assay, had no influence on NF-E2 activation in Meg01 cells. These results suggest that PEXT accelerates proplatelet formation from megakaryocytes but does not influence the development of hematopoietic stem cells into megakaryocytes.
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Schumacher A, Denecke B, Braunschweig T, Stahlschmidt J, Ziegler S, Brandenburg LO, Stope MB, Martincuks A, Vogt M, Görtz D, Camporeale A, Poli V, Müller-Newen G, Brümmendorf TH, Ziegler P. Angptl4 is upregulated under inflammatory conditions in the bone marrow of mice, expands myeloid progenitors, and accelerates reconstitution of platelets after myelosuppressive therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:64. [PMID: 26054961 PMCID: PMC4460974 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upon inflammation, myeloid cell generation in the bone marrow (BM) is broadly enhanced by the action of induced cytokines which are produced locally and at multiple sites throughout the body. METHODS Using microarray studies, we found that Angptl4 is upregulated in the BM during systemic inflammation. RESULTS Recombinant murine Angptl4 (rmAngptl4) stimulated the proliferation of myeloid colony-forming units (CFUs) in vitro. Upon repeated in vivo injections, rmAngptl4 increased BM progenitor cell frequency and this was paralleled by a relative increase in phenotypically defined granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs). Furthermore, in vivo treatment with rmAngptl4 resulted in elevated platelet counts in steady-state mice while allowing a significant acceleration of reconstitution of platelets after myelosuppressive therapy. The administration of rmAngptl4 increased the number of CD61(+)CD41(low)-expressing megakaryocytes (MK) in the BM of steady-state and in the spleen of transplanted mice. Furthermore, rmAngptl4 improved the in vitro differentiation of immature MKs from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Mechanistically, using a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) reporter knockin model, we show that rmAngptl4 induces de novo STAT3 expression in immature MK which could be important for the effective expansion of MKs after myelosuppressive therapy. CONCLUSION Whereas the definitive role of Angptl4 in mediating the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the BM has to be demonstrated by further studies involving multiple cytokine knockouts, our data suggest that Angptl4 plays a critical role during hematopoietic, especially megakaryopoietic, reconstitution following stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schumacher
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research IZKF Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Till Braunschweig
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Jasmin Stahlschmidt
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Ziegler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Lars-Ove Brandenburg
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Matthias B Stope
- Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Antons Martincuks
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Michael Vogt
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Dieter Görtz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Annalisa Camporeale
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Valeria Poli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Gerhard Müller-Newen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tim H Brümmendorf
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Patrick Ziegler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute for Occupational and Social Medicine, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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Cheshier SH, Prohaska SS, Weissman IL. The effect of bleeding on hematopoietic stem cell cycling and self-renewal. Stem Cells Dev 2008; 16:707-17. [PMID: 17999593 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2007.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) divide and give rise to more committed progenitors, which ultimately produce all lineages of blood cells. HSCs can be induced to enter the cell cycle in vitro and in vivo by stimulatory cytokines and in vivo by ablation of bone marrow (BM) cells with irradiation or chemotherapeutic agents. Although it has been postulated that rates of HSC proliferation increase with normal hematopoietic stresses, such as infection or hemorrhage, this hypothesis has never been directly tested. The ability to analyze HSCs prospectively by cell-surface phenotype c-kit(+), Thy1.1(lo), Sca-1(+), Linage(neg/lo) has allowed us to perform a detailed examination of the effects of bleeding on the cell cycle kinetics of HSCs. Our results demonstrate for the first time that HSCs in both the BM and the spleen proliferate and self-renew in response to tail-vein bleeding in mice. This response was suppressed when red blood cells, but not when white blood cells, were transferred after bleeding. Thus, regulators of HSC proliferation can sense and respond to red blood cell levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Cheshier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Suzuki KI, Hiramatsu H, Fukushima-Shintani M, Heike T, Nakahata T. Efficient assay for evaluating human thrombopoiesis using NOD/SCID mice transplanted with cord blood CD34+ cells. Eur J Haematol 2006; 78:123-30. [PMID: 17087740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2006.00783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A suitable model for the preclinical study of human platelet production in vivo has not been available. NOD/SCID mice were characterized as representing an efficient engraftment model for human hematopoietic stem cells, which resulted in the production of human platelets. Here, we evaluated in vivo human thrombopoiesis and ex vivo human platelet functions in NOD/SCID mice transplanted with human cord blood (CB) CD34(+) cells. Human platelets and human CD45(+) cells appeared in peripheral blood of NOD/SCID mice from 4 wk after transplantation. Human platelets produced in these mice showed CD62P expression and the activation of GPIIb/IIIa on human platelets on stimulation with an agonist. PEG-rHuMGDF (0, 0.5 and 5 microg/kg/d s.c.) was injected for 14 d into mice that had been confirmed to produce human platelets stably. The number of human platelets increased about twofold at 0.5 microg/kg/d and about fivefold at 5 microg/kg/d after 14 d. Withdrawal of PEG-rHuMGDF administration caused the human platelet count to return to the pretreatment level. Further, re-administration of PEG-rHuMGDF induced a similar human thrombopoietic response as it did on initial administration. These results suggest that NOD/SCID mice engrafted with human CB CD34(+) cells will be useful for the study of human platelet production in vivo.
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Angiolillo AL, Davenport V, Bonilla MA, van de Ven C, Ayello J, Militano O, Miller LL, Krailo M, Reaman G, Cairo MS. A Phase I Clinical, Pharmacologic, and Biologic Study of Thrombopoietin and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Children Receiving Ifosfamide, Carboplatin, and Etoposide Chemotherapy for Recurrent or Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Experience. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:2644-50. [PMID: 15814645 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) are associated with grade III/IV dose-limiting thrombocytopenia. The Children's Oncology Group conducted a phase I dose escalation, pharmacokinetic, and biological study of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) after ICE in children with recurrent/refractory solid tumors (CCG-09717) to assess the toxicity and maximum tolerated dose of rhTPO administered at 1.2, 2.4, or 3.6 microg/kg per dose. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Children received ifosfamide 1,800 mg/m2 on days 0 to 4, carboplatin 400 mg/m2 on days 0 to 1, and etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 0 to 4. rhTPO was administered i.v. on days +4, +6, +8, +10, and +12 at 1.2, 2.4, or 3.6 microg/kg per dose. RESULTS rhTPO was well tolerated and maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Median time to platelet recovery > or =100,000/microL of rhTPO at 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 microg/kg/d was 24 days (22-24 d), 25 days (23-29 d), and 22 days (16-37 d), respectively. Patients required a median of 2 days of platelet transfusions (0-7 days). Mean (+/- SD) rhTPO maximum serum concentrations were 63.3 +/- 9.7 and 89.3 +/- 15.7 ng/mL and terminal half-lives were 47 +/- 13 and 64 +/- 42 hours after 2.4 and 3.6 microg/kg/d, respectively. There was a significant increase in colony-forming unit megakaryocyte upon WBC count recovery. CONCLUSIONS rhTPO was well tolerated. Time to hematologic recovery and median number of platelet transfusions seem to be improved compared with historical controls receiving ICE + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CCG-0894).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Angiolillo
- Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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7
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Coleman CN, Blakely WF, Fike JR, MacVittie TJ, Metting NF, Mitchell JB, Moulder JE, Preston RJ, Seed TM, Stone HB, Tofilon PJ, Wong RSL. Molecular and cellular biology of moderate-dose (1-10 Gy) radiation and potential mechanisms of radiation protection: report of a workshop at Bethesda, Maryland, December 17-18, 2001. Radiat Res 2003; 159:812-34. [PMID: 12751965 DOI: 10.1667/rr3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Exposures to doses of radiation of 1-10 Gy, defined in this workshop as moderate-dose radiation, may occur during the course of radiation therapy or as the result of radiation accidents or nuclear/radiological terrorism alone or in conjunction with bioterrorism. The resulting radiation injuries would be due to a series of molecular, cellular, tissue and whole-animal processes. To address the status of research on these issues, a broad-based workshop was convened. The specific recommendations were: (1) RESEARCH: Identify the key molecular, cellular and tissue pathways that lead from the initial molecular lesions to immediate and delayed injury. The latter is a chronic progressive process for which postexposure treatment may be possible. (2) Technology: Develop high-throughput technology for studying gene, protein and other biochemical expression after radiation exposure, and cytogenetic markers of radiation exposure employing rapid and accurate techniques for analyzing multiple samples. (3) Treatment strategies: Identify additional biological targets and develop effective treatments for radiation injury. (4) Ensuring sufficient expertise: Recruit and train investigators from such fields as radiation biology, cancer biology, molecular biology, cellular biology and wound healing, and encourage collaboration on interdisciplinary research on the mechanisms and treatment of radiation injury. Communicate knowledge of the effects of radiation exposure to the general public and to investigators, policy makers and agencies involved in response to nuclear accidents/events and protection/treatment of the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Norman Coleman
- Radiation Oncology Sciences Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Abstract
Blood platelets are here presented as active players in antimicrobial host defense and the induction of inflammation and tissue repair in addition to their participation in hemostasis. Megakaryopoiesis is inhibited after acute infection with viruses or bacteria. In contrast, chronic inflammation is often associated with reactive thrombocytosis. Platelets can bind and internalize pathogens and release microbicidal proteins that kill certain bacteria and fungi. By making cell-cell contacts with leukocytes and endothelial cells, platelets assist white blood cells in rolling, arrest and transmigration. On stimulation by bacteria or thrombin, platelets release the content of their alpha-granules, which include an arsenal of bioactive peptides, such as CC-chemokines and CXC-chemokines and growth factors for endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Thus, integral to innate immunity, the tiny little platelets may become bombshells when irritated by pathogens.
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Thomas JG, Olson JM, Tapscott SJ, Zhao LP. An efficient and robust statistical modeling approach to discover differentially expressed genes using genomic expression profiles. Genome Res 2001; 11:1227-36. [PMID: 11435405 PMCID: PMC311075 DOI: 10.1101/gr.165101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a statistical regression modeling approach to discover genes that are differentially expressed between two predefined sample groups in DNA microarray experiments. Our model is based on well-defined assumptions, uses rigorous and well-characterized statistical measures, and accounts for the heterogeneity and genomic complexity of the data. In contrast to cluster analysis, which attempts to define groups of genes and/or samples that share common overall expression profiles, our modeling approach uses known sample group membership to focus on expression profiles of individual genes in a sensitive and robust manner. Further, this approach can be used to test statistical hypotheses about gene expression. To demonstrate this methodology, we compared the expression profiles of 11 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 27 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) samples from a previous study (Golub et al. 1999) and found 141 genes differentially expressed between AML and ALL with a 1% significance at the genomic level. Using this modeling approach to compare different sample groups within the AML samples, we identified a group of genes whose expression profiles correlated with that of thrombopoietin and found that genes whose expression associated with AML treatment outcome lie in recurrent chromosomal locations. Our results are compared with those obtained using t-tests or Wilcoxon rank sum statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Thomas
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA
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