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Yue Y, Coskun AK, Jawanda N, Auer J, Sutton RE. Differential interaction between human and murine Crm1 and lentiviral Rev proteins. Virology 2018; 513:1-10. [PMID: 29028476 PMCID: PMC5914484 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mice have multiple obstacles to HIV replication, including a block of unspliced and partially spliced viral mRNA nuclear export. In human, Rev binds to the Rev-response element and human (h) Crm1, facilitating nuclear export of RRE-containing viral RNAs. Murine (m) Crm1 is less functional than hCrm1 in this regard. Here we demonstrated that in biochemical experiments mCrm1 failed to interact with HIV Rev whereas hCrm1 did. In genetic experiments in human cells, we observed a modest but significant differential effect between mCrm1 and hCrm1, which was also true of other lentiviral Revs tested. Triple mutant hCrm1 P411T-M412V-F414S behaved similarly to mCrm1, whereas mCrm1 with T411P-V412M-S414F regained some activity, although contribution of additional residues to its function can not be excluded. Similar results were observed in murine cells. This suggests a differential interaction between hCrm1 and mCrm1 and many lentiviral Revs, which may partially explain the HIV replicative defect in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Ayse K Coskun
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Navneet Jawanda
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Jim Auer
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Richard E Sutton
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
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Coskun AK, van Maanen M, Janka D, Stockton D, Stankiewicz P, Stankiewicsz P, Yatsenko S, Sutton RE. Isolation and characterization of mouse-human microcell hybrid cell clones permissive for infectious HIV particle release. Virology 2007; 362:283-93. [PMID: 17270231 PMCID: PMC1987707 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2006] [Revised: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mouse cells are non-permissive to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) in that there is a pronounced post-integration block to viral replication. We have recently demonstrated that mouse-human somatic cell hybrids that contain human chromosome 2 increase both HIV Capsid (CA) production and infectious virus release. Here we report on the isolation of three mouse-human microcell hybrids (MCHs) that behave similarly, starting from a pool of 500 MCH clones. Release of virus was specific to HIV and cell revertants that no longer contained any human chromosome fragments did not release CA or infectious virus. Two of the three cell clones were identical as judged by PCR STS content and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and contained a single 2-12 human chromosome chimera. The third cell clone only contained human chromosome 12, as determined by PCR, FISH, and microarray analyses. There were no consistent differences in Gag protein and spliced/unspliced viral RNA levels between mouse cell lines. CMV promoter-driven, codon-optimized gag-pol had no effect on infectious HIV release from these mouse cells, despite allowing Gag targeting and increasing CA production. These permissive mouse-human MCHs and their corresponding non-permissive revertants may prove useful for mechanistic studies and also for identifying the responsible gene(s) or factor(s) involved in the production of HIV.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- Codon
- DNA, Viral/analysis
- Gene Products, gag/analysis
- Gene Products, gag/biosynthesis
- HIV Core Protein p24/biosynthesis
- HIV-1/growth & development
- Humans
- Hybrid Cells/virology
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Mice
- Microarray Analysis
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein Precursors/analysis
- RNA, Viral/analysis
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse K Coskun
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Cody NAL, Ouellet V, Manderson EN, Quinn MCJ, Filali-Mouhim A, Tellis P, Zietarska M, Provencher DM, Mes-Masson AM, Chevrette M, Tonin PN. Transfer of chromosome 3 fragments suppresses tumorigenicity of an ovarian cancer cell line monoallelic for chromosome 3p. Oncogene 2006; 26:618-32. [PMID: 16909122 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Multiple chromosome 3p tumor suppressor genes (TSG) have been proposed in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer based on complex patterns of 3p loss. To attain functional evidence in support of TSGs and identify candidate regions, we applied a chromosome transfer method involving cell fusions of the tumorigenic OV90 human ovarian cancer cell line, monoallelic for 3p and an irradiated mouse cell line containing a human chromosome 3 in order to derive OV90 hybrids containing normal 3p fragments. The resulting hybrids showed complete or incomplete suppression of tumorigenicity in nude mouse xenograft assays, and varied in their ability to form colonies in soft agarose and three-dimensional spheroids in a manner consistent with alteration of their in vivo tumorigenic phenotypes. Expression microarray analysis identified a set of common differentially expressed genes, such as SPARC, DAB2 and VEGF, some of which have been shown implicated in ovarian cancer. Genotyping assays revealed that they harbored normal 3p fragments, some of which overlapped candidate TSG regions (3p25-p26, 3p24 and 3p14-pcen) identified previously in loss of heterozygosity analyses of ovarian cancers. However, only the 3p12-pcen region was acquired in common by all hybrids where expression microarray analysis identified differentially expressed genes. The correlation of 3p12-pcen transfer and tumor suppression with a concerted re-programming of the cellular transcriptome suggest that the putative TSG may have affected key underlying events in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A L Cody
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
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Meaburn KJ, Parris CN, Bridger JM. The manipulation of chromosomes by mankind: the uses of microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. Chromosoma 2005; 114:263-74. [PMID: 16133353 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-005-0014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2005] [Revised: 05/29/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT) was a technique originally developed in the 1970s to transfer exogenous chromosome material into host cells. Although, the methodology has not changed considerably since this time it is being used to great success in progressing several different fields in modern day biology. MMCT is being employed by groups all over the world to hunt for tumour suppressor genes associated with specific cancers, DNA repair genes, senescence-inducing genes and telomerase suppression genes. Some of these genomic discoveries are being investigated as potential treatments for cancer. Other fields have taken advantage of MMCT, and these include assessing genomic stability, genomic imprinting, chromatin modification and structure and spatial genome organisation. MMCT has also been a very useful method in construction and manipulation of artificial chromosomes for potential gene therapies. Indeed, MMCT is used to transfer mainly fragmented mini-chromosome between cell types and into embryonic stem cells for the construction of transgenic animals. This review briefly discusses these various uses and some of the consequences and advancements made by different fields utilising MMCT technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Meaburn
- Cell and Chromosome Biology Group, Division of Biosciences, School of Health Sciences and Social Care, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
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Gagnon A, Ripeau JS, Zvieriev V, Chevrette M. Chromosome 18 suppresses tumorigenic properties of human prostate cancer cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2005; 45:220-30. [PMID: 16281261 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Although prostate cancer is still the most diagnosed cancer in men, most genes implicated in its progression are yet to be identified. Chromosome abnormalities have been detected in human prostate tumors, many of them associated with prostate cancer progression. Indeed, alterations (including deletions or amplifications) of more than 15 human chromosomes have been reported in prostate cancer. We hypothesized that transferring normal human chromosomes into human prostate cancer cells would interfere with their tumorigenic and/or metastatic properties. We used microcell-mediated chromosome transfer to introduce human chromosomes 10, 12, 17, and 18 into highly tumorigenic (PC-3M-Pro4) and highly metastatic (PC-3M-LN4) PC-3-derived cell lines. We tested the in vitro and in vivo properties of these hybrids. Introducing chromosome 18 into the PC-3M-LN4 prostate cancer cell line greatly reduced its tumorigenic phenotype. We observed retarded growth in soft agar, decreased invasiveness through Matrigel, and delayed tumor growth into nude mice, both subcutaneously and orthotopically. This phenotype is associated with a marker in the 18q21 region. Combined with the loss of human chromosome 18 regions often seen in patients with advanced prostate cancer, our results show that chromosome 18 encodes one or more tumor-suppressor genes whose inactivation contributes to prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Gagnon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Ekker M, Ye F, Joly L, Tellis P, Chevrette M. Zebrafish/mouse somatic cell hybrids for the characterization of the zebrafish genome. Methods Cell Biol 1999; 60:303-21. [PMID: 9891344 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)61907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ekker
- Department of Medicine, Ottawa Civic Hospital, Loeb Institute for Medical Research, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Speevak MD, Chevrette M. Human chromosome 3 mediates growth arrest and suppression of apoptosis in microcell hybrids. Mol Cell Biol 1996; 16:2214-25. [PMID: 8628288 PMCID: PMC231209 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.16.5.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic treatment of tumor cells leads either to tumor cell death (usually by apoptosis) or to the formation of drug-resistant subpopulations. Known mechanisms of cancer cell drug resistance include gene amplification and increased expression of drug transporters. On the other hand, normal cells survive many forms of chemotherapy with minimal damage probably because of their capacity for growth arrest and stringent control of apoptosis. Microcell hybrids between B78 (murine melanoma) and HSF5 (normal human fibroblasts) were analyzed to identify a new human chromosomal region involved in the promotion of drug-induced growth arrest and suppression of apoptosis. In these hybrids, the presence of human chromosome 3 was strongly associated with suppression of apoptosis via G1 and G2 growth arrest during exposure to the antimetabolite N-phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), suggesting that a gene(s) on chromosome 3 serves an antiproliferative role in a drug-responsive growth arrest pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Speevak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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